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A   HISTORY 

OF  THE 

GENERAL  CONVENTION 

OF  THE 

Protestant  Episcopal  Church 

IN  THE  UNITED  STATES. 
HELD  IN 

Qethsemane  Church,  Hinneapolis, 

IN  OCTOBER,  1895. 
WITH   BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES  OF  ITS  MEHBERS. 

ALSO 

A  Chapter  on  the  History  of  the  Church 

IN  THE  EARLY  DAYS  OF  MINNESOTA, 

AND  A  CHAPTER  ON 

The  Work  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary 

IN  THE  UNITED  STATES. 


BY 

William  Wilkinson, 

Rector  of  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Minneapolis;  a  former  chaplain  of  the  House  of 

Representatives;  author  of  the  "Memorials  of  the  Forest  Fires" 

in  the  State  of  Minnesota,  in  the  year  I1S94. 


f'oiiyri.uht.    All  liifilits  lU'served. 


PUBLISHED    BY 

William    Wilkinson, 

Minneapolis,  1895. 


Printed  for  the  author  by  HALL,  BLACK  &  Co.,  Minneapolis, 
and  bound  by  Travis  Blank  Book  Co.,  Minneapolis. 


Ki:v.  Jamks  L.  Bkkck,  D.  D. 


o 


Henry  Benjamin  Whipple,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  Camb. 


PREFACE. 

THE  General  Convention  of  the  Church  met  for  the  first  time 
in  its  history  west  of  Chicago,  in  October,  1895.  This  event 
is  of  such  importance  that  it  seems  wise  to  do  more  than  have 
a  simple  record  of  what  was  said  and  done  in  the  Con\'cntion 
proper. 

The  State  of  Minnesota  was  new  when  I^ishop  Whipple  came 
to  begin  his  work.  There  was  not  a  yard  of  railway  in  all  the 
territory;  the  people  were  few  in  number,  and  the  "Noble  Red 
Man"  was  receding  before  the  advance  of  his  pale-faced 
brothers.  Where  magnificent  cities  now  stand,  were  wilderness 
and  solitude.  And  the  fields  which  are  covered  with  plenty, 
were  the  portion  of  wolves  and  wild  animals. 

Never,  in  the  history  of  the  earth,  has  it  been  possible  for 
changse,  such  as  have  taken  place  in  Minnesota,  to  be  witnessed 
in  a  similar  period  of  time.  The  fairy  tales  of  fiction  are  not 
ctiual  in  interest  or  in  wonder. 

To  say  that  the  Deputies  and  Bishops  who  had  ne\er  seen 
Minnesota  before,  were  surprised  with  glad  surprise,  is  to  say 
little.  Not  only  is  it  a  wonderful  thing  that  all  natural  progress 
has  been  so  great,  but  the  onward  march  of  knowledge,  the  pub- 
lic school  system,  the  University,  the  institutions  of  learning  at 
Faribault,  and  the  schools  for  the  feeble  minded,  the  private 
and  the  public  libraries,  and  the  general  intelligence  and  refine- 
ment of  the  people,  all  with  accumulative  force  impressed  the 
members  of  the  Convention  in  a  way  they  will  ne\er  forget. 
The  hospitality  of  the  people  was  a  marked  feature,  and  it  is 
fitting  that  all  this  shall  be  placed  on  record,  so  that  the  gen- 
erations following  may  know  what,  in  sixty  years,  the  State  of 
Minnesota  had  become,  and  what  the  Church  could  do. 

As  the  writer  and  compiler  of  this  book"  I  do  not  think  for 
an    instant  that  the  work  will    be    perfect,    but    seek    to    narrate 


10  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

facts  in  the  simplest,  and  hence  clearest  words  which  lend 
themselves  to  my  use,  with  one  desire  to  put  the  General  Con- 
vention, as  a  bod\',  and  tlie  members  of  it  as  individuals,  before 
the  public  in  a  strong,  warm  light.  Well  knowing  that  hundreds 
of  men  ha\'e  worked  in  the  Church  in  Minnesota  for  the  glory 
of  God  and  the  salvation  of  men;  and  that  we  have  entered 
into  their  labors,  I  desire  to  do  some  service  which  shall  add, 
if  it  be  but  a  little,  to  the  heritage  of  the  Church  in  this 
Mighty  West. 

The  coming  of  the  General  Convention  to  Minneapolis  has 
given  peculiar  pleasure  to  me,  because  thereby  I  have  had  op- 
portunity of  speaking  kind  words  of  men  and  women  who  are 
eminent  for  their  devout  service,  noble  gifts  and  kindly  dis- 
positions. Many  of  whom  have  shown  me  great  kindnesss  in 
their  own  homes  and  churches  when  I  have  had  to  appeal  in 
the  East  for  help  for  work  in  the  West.  Among  others  ma)^ 
be  mentioned  Miss  Julia  C.  Emery  of  New  York,  Mrs.  Colt  of 
Hartfort  (Conn.),  Mrs.  Thayer  and  Miss  A.  Eoring  of  Boston, 
Miss  King  of  Long  Island,  the  Bishops  Potter  of  New  York, 
Whitaker  of  Philadelphia,  Littlejohn  of  Long  Island,  Lawrence 
of  Massachusetts,  the  Revs.  Dr.  Dix,  Dr.  Huntington,  Dr.  Lang- 
ford,  Dr.  Kimber,  Dr.  Greer  and  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York; 
Revs.  Dr.  John  Eulton,  Dr.  McVickar,  Dr.  Parks  and  Dr.  Blan- 
chard,  Mr.  George  C.  Thomas,  Mr.  J.  V.  Merrick  and  Mr.  J.  S. 
Biddle,  of  Philadelphia;  Revs.  Dr.  Alsop  and  Dr.  Brewster,  and 
Hon.  John  I.  King,  of  Long  Island;  Revs.  Dr.  Henshaw,  Dr. 
Fiske  and  Dr.  Richards,  of  Providence  (R.  I.);  Revs.  Dr.  Lind- 
say, Dr.  Leighton  Parks  and  Arthur  Lawrence,  Mr.  R.  Treat  Paine 
and   Mr.  A.  J.  C.  Sowdon,  of  Boston,  with  many  others. 

In  order  to  understand  the  progress  made  in  the  last  sixty- 
five  years  in  the  western  part  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  general,  and  in  Minnesota  in  particular,  it  is  needful  to  look  at 
a  few  facts  in  the  life  of  Henry  Hastings  Sibley,  a  man  who 
was  a  power,  both  in  Church  and  State,  for  fifty  years.  When 
he  came  west  in  1829  to  be  a  clerk  for  the  American  P"ur 
Co.,  whose  name,  fame  and  wealth  were  made  by  the  great 
John  Jacob  Astor  of  New  York,  Chicago  was  only  just  begin- 
ning to  be;  where  the  mighty  city  now  stands,  was  a  waste  of 
sand,  with  a  few  shrubs,  wind  shaken  and  storm  tested.  The 
Indian  was  near  in  all  the  prime  joy  of  his  wild    and    roaming 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 1 

life.  An  old  stockade  stood,  a  sign  of  the  fear  the  few  settlers 
had  had  of  the  Red  Man;  a  few  houses,  in  one  of  which  a 
family  named  Beaubien  lived;  just  one  store,  which  was  a  kind 
of  carry  all,  for  the  dwellers  in  the  district.  We  can  scarcely 
realize  that  this  was  the  Genesis  of  the  Chicago  that  now  is, 
but  such  was  the  fact  as  Sibley  tells.  Michigan  at  that  time 
was  a  territory,  and  Sibley  and  two  other  men  named  Dous- 
man  and  Rolette,  formed  a  plan  to  begin  the  fur  trade  in  the 
far  and  almost  unknown  West.  Sibley  was  to  come  into  the 
wilderness  and  did  so,  to  Prairie  du  Chien,  and  do  business 
with  the  Sioux  Indians  as  far  as  the  British  Canadian  line. 
That  was  a  work  calling  for  courage,  judgment,  patience  and 
wisdom.  Sibley  came  a  young  man  of  athletic  mien,  in  his 
twenty- fourth  year.  This  was  in  October,  1834.  He  stayed  in 
Prairie  du  Chien  only  a  few  days,  and  then  set  out  on  horse- 
back. A  journey  had  to  be  taken  300  miles,  with  no  guide  or 
knowledge  except  that  the  Mississippi  River  ran  north  and 
south.  Just  one  house  was  passed  on  the  way  to  St.  Peter. 
Fort  Snelling  was  near  where  St.  Paul  now  stands.  It  was  in 
this  hamlet  that  the  town  of  Mendota  is,  a  place,  all  who  went  to 
Faribault  on  the  excursion  during  the  Convention,  noticed  well, 
as  a  historic  spot,  well  known  to,  and  afterwards  sanctified  by 
men  like  Gear  and  Breck.  This  became  the  home  of  Sibley, 
in  its  weird  loneliness.  For  years  Fort  Snelling  was  occupied 
by  soldiers.  The  solitariness  of  the  country  was  awful  in  its 
sublime  beauty;  the  whole  wilderness  was  infested  with  savages, 
as  is  told  in  Sibley's  life.  This  place  was  300  miles  away  from 
any  settlement  of  white  men,  and  the  time  was  seventeen  years 
before  Indian  treaties  had  extinguished  Indian  title  in  the  Ter- 
ritory, and  in  much  of  Dakota.  Sibley  was  by  early  training 
and  by  conviction  a  religious  man,  much  more  so  than  most 
men  would  have  been  in  his  surroundings.  When  men  go 
into  new  scenes  of  wild  life  the  danger  is  great  that  they  will 
leave  religious  life  behind.  Sibley's  religion  was  both  definite 
and  broad.  He  was  a  fore-runner  of  the  Christian  Unity  idea, 
and  said  the  religious  dissensions  are  disgraceful  and  in  direct 
conflict  with  the  teachings  of  the  Prince  of  Peace. 

Mr.  Sibley  served  his  generation  well;  was  a  life  long  friend 
of  Bishop  Whipple's.  He  was  from  the  very  first  one  of  the 
active    men    in    St.   Paul's    Parish,  St.    Paul.       He    was   gathered 


12  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

to  his  fathers  in  a  r^ood  old  age,  in  the  winter  of  iSgi,  when 
the  State  Legislature  was  in  session.  I  was  Chaplain  of  the 
House  of  Representatives.  The  House  and  Senate  went  to  his 
funeral,  and  it  was  one  of  the  most  impressive  scenes  I  ever 
saw.  Round  his  bier  were  gathered  the  men  of  distinction, 
who  had  survived  a  generation  now  dead;  old  men,  pioneers 
from  near  and  far  who  had  come  to  show  respect  for  the  old 
friend  and  eminent  man,  now  at  peace.  In  St.  Paul's  Church  is 
a  fitting  memorial,  erected  by  the  people  who  knew  him,  under 
the  direction  of  the  present  able  rector.  Rev.  John  Wright,  D.  D. 
So  the  fathers  pass,  and  the  children  rise  to  call  them  blessed. 
The  memory  of  the  righteous  shall  abide,  the  deeds  of  the  good 
shall  be  fruitful.  It  was  under  conditions  like  these  that  the 
Church  in  Minnesota  began,  in  a  time  so  near  that  men  are  yet 
with  us  who  saw  it;  and  under  circumstances  so  far  from  those 
we  now  see,  we  can  hardly  think,  how  wild,  solitary  and  sav- 
age they  were.  Good  men  may  well  in  devout  gratitude  say, 
"What  hath  God  wrought."  With  prayers  that  through  the 
power  of  Christ  by  the  Holy  Ghost,  the  present  generation  of 
church  people  in  Minnesota  may  add  to  the  old  triumphs  of 
their  fathers,   new  and  yet  more  glorious  conquests. 

I  send  this  book  to  show  that  where  the  savage  stood  and 
the  bear  and  buffalo  roamed,  temples  now  stand,  and  a  Gen- 
eral Convention  of  the  church  m.et. 

VViLLi.'VM  Wilkinson. 

Nov.    I2tll. 


CHAPTER   I. 

IN  order  to  understand  clearly  what  were  the  conditions  in 
America,  in  the  first  twenty  years  of  the  history  of  the  Church 
in  Minnesota,  it  is  well  to  recall  facts  connected  with  and  al- 
lied to  our  national  history.  In  the  first  fifty  \'ears  of  this 
century  the  question  of  reform  had  been  one  of  paramount  in- 
terest through  all  Europe.  Ever  since  the  later  days  of  the 
great  Napoleon  the  advances  politically  of  l^ritain  had  been 
great.  The  American  Republic  had  profoundl}-  influenced 
European  thinking,  and  attention  had  been  called  to  America 
as  a  desirable  place  for  emigrants  to  come  to.  The  eyes  of 
the  civilized  world  were  turned  to  it.  The  people  on  these 
shores  were  profoundly  dissatisfied,  many  of  them,  with  life  in 
the  older  settlements,  and  they  began  to  look  for  pastures  new. 
From  1832  to  1850  Europe  was  one  great  scene  of  political 
agitation.  Greece  became  free  from  Sardinia;  Austria  carried 
great  popular  reforms,  as  also  did  Spain.  Men  like  John  Bright 
and  Richard  Cobdcn  in  England,  Mazzini  in  Ital)',  with  others,  in 
glowing  periods  made  Europe  ring  with  praises  of  the  American 
government.  The  Mexican  question  agitated  the  American 
mind.  Texas  was  annexed.  New  Mexico  and  Upper  Califor- 
nia had  been  acquired;  and  so  900,000  square  miles  had  been 
added  to  the  national  domain.  The  wilderness  nearest  to  the 
East  naturally  attracted  most  attention,  and  the  changes  in  states 
and  territories  were  ever  shifting. 

The  Indian  had  right  to  the  western  land,  by  inheritance 
and  by  possession,  but  without  the  Christian  religion  he  was  a 
heathen  and  very  largly  a  savage.  The  Church  saw  this  from 
the  beginning  of  its  dealing  with  him.  As  the  out-posts  of 
civilization  were  enlarged,  it  was  necessary  to  send  soldiers  to 
protect  and  guard  the  settlers.  So  Fort  Snclling  became  a 
military  post.       It    was    to    this  place  that  the   Rev.   Ezekiel  G. 


14  IIISrORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Gear  came  as  chaplain.  He  was  the  first,  and  for  years  the 
only,  clergyman  in  the  Territory.  Here,  for  twenty-three  years, 
in  storm  and  shine,  this  holy  man  of  God  administered  sacra- 
ments, and  did  the  work  of  a  clergyman,  when  he  was  sent  to 
Fort  Ripley  and  spent  seven  years  more.  General  Grant  did 
one  noble  deed  when  he  placed  Mr.  Gear  on  the  retired  list 
in  1867.  Gear  lived  six  years  after  this,  when  he  quietly  went 
to  his  rest  at  his  peaceful  home  on  8th  St.,  between  Nicollet 
and  Hennepin  Aves.  in  Minneapolis.  He  left  a  spotless  name, 
having  done  works  which  are  recorded  in  the  books  of  etern- 
ity. He  was  well  known  as  Father  Gear;  he  had  strong  com- 
mon sense,  and  the  word  "fail"  was  not  in  his  dictionary.  For 
fifty-nine  years  he  counted  it  joy  to  serve,  and  he  was  one  of 
the  first  subscribers  to  a  fund  to  buy  land  to  endow  the  bish- 
opric of  Minnesota.  He  was  buried  from  St.  Mark's  Church, 
Minneapolis.  Bishop  Whipple  and  the  Rev.  E.  S.  Thomas, 
afterwards  Bishop  of  Kansas,  took  part  in  the  funeral  service. 
The  Rev.  Timothy  Wilcoxson,  of  Hastings,  the  Rev.  E.  R. 
Welles,  U.  D.,  of  Red  Wing,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Milwaukee, 
the  Rev.  E.  Livermorc,  of  St.  Peter,  the  Rev.  John  Woart,  of  St. 
Paul,  the  Rev.  Charles  Rollitt,  of  Minneapolis,  the  Rev.  J.  S. 
Reding,  D.  D.,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Dubois  and  the  Rev.  G.  H.  Woods, 
of  Fairbault,  attended  the  funeral  and  were  pall-bearers.  These 
men  had  nearly  all  a  history;  many  of  them  had  hazarded  their 
lives  for  the  Gospel  and  for  the  Church;  some  of  them  were 
remarkable  in  gift,  all  eminent  in  service,  and  nine  of  them 
are  in  the  rest  of  Paradise.  Mr.  Gear  has  two  daughters  still 
living  in  Minneapolis. 

James  Lloyd  Breck  was  the  second  clergyman  of  this  Church 
who  came  to  Minnesota.  He  had  been  hard  at  work  at  Nash- 
otah,  Wisconsin.  His  fame  as  an  intrepid  missionary,  an  edu- 
cator and  devout  Christian  was  known  to  the  general  Church  at 
this  time.  He  was  a  man  whose  history  was  sure  to  be  record- 
ed as  one  of  the  noble  men  who  gave  direction  to  the  life  of 
the  Church  in  the  New  West.  He  was  pointed  to  at  great 
missionary  meetings  in  the  East  as  an  example  of  self-sacrifice, 
and  endurance  for  Christ's  sake  in  the  mission  field.  Nashotah 
to  this  day  stands  a  monument  to  the  labors  of  Breck  more 
than  to  those  of  any  other  man.  A  tall  man  was  he;  straight 
as  an  arrow;  his  bearing  was    military;  his    deportment  was  al- 


HISTORY  OP  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 5 

ways  gentlemanly,  and  his  goodness  and  devotion  have  never 
been  questioned.  In  labors  he  was  most  abundant,  in  perils 
oft;  in  storm  by  night  and  by  day.  He  was  scrupulous  in  his 
attire,  had  profound  reverence  for  authority,  and  always  read 
the  Morning  and  Evening  Offices  of  the  Church  wherever  he 
happened  to  be.  He  was  a  man  of  good  family;  was  well 
connected  in  Philadelphia,  and  a  graduate  of  the  General  Sem- 
inary in  New  York.  He  came  west  to  plant  the  Standard  of 
the  Cross  and  brought  with  him  a  young  man  who  is  now  the 
Rev.  Theodore  I.  Holcombe,  of  the  Church  Publishing  Society 
in  New  York — the  only  man  living  who  knows  anything  by 
personal  experience  of  the  trials  that  Breck  went  through  in 
these  early  days.  He  made  himself  useful  in  a  hundred  ways 
to  Mr.  Breck;  did  all  kinds  of  work  possible  for  a  young  man 
to  do;  was  intended  for  the  first  student  of  divinity  in  the  new 
school  Mr.  Breck  was  to  begin.  He  read  service  often  ;  walked 
long  distances  and  knew  all  the  people  in  the  settlement.  He 
was  often  cook  and  general  hand)'man.  Breck  had  implicit 
confidence  in  him  and  he  in  Mr.  Breck.  No  one  knows,  as 
he,  the  early  life  of  the  mission  work  in  Minnesota. 

Before  blazing  fires,  in  the  long  winter  nights,  he  often  heard 
stories  rich  and  rare  of  the  conquests  of  the  Gospel  told  by 
Mr.  Breck,  and  stories  of  adventure  told  by  Sibley,  and  other 
men  who  came  west  to  lay  wide  and  deep  the  foundations  of  a 
new  civilization.  How  his  mind  must  have  been  enthused  with 
the  narratives  of  these  men.  To-day  Mr.  Holcombe  has  a  place 
of  honor  in  the  Church  of  God.  This  man  saw  the  beginning 
and  making  of  a  glorious  Church  in  the  Mighty  West.  Breck 
was  a  high  Churchman  and  began  services  by  celebrating  the 
II ol}'  P^ucharist  weekly,  which  custom  has  to  this  day  been  a 
marked  feature  of  Minnesota  churchmanship.  In  1850  the 
"Pioneer"  of  August  had  a  manifesto  by  Breck  asking  the  citi- 
zens of  St.  Paul  to  meet  at  the  house  of  ]\Ir.  H.  A.  Lambert, 
who  was  judge  of  probate  at  that  time,  and  an  active  Churchman. 
The  purpose  was  to  organize  a  church  in  St.  Paul,  and  on  the 
15th  day  of  Sepetmber  next  the  corner-stone  of  Christ's  Church 
was  laid.  This  is  the  church  from  whose  rectorate  Rev.  M.  N. 
Gilbert  was  elected  bishop.  In  1850  pine  stumps  were  all  over 
the  city,  and  great  throngs  of  Indians  were  constantly  in  the 
settlement    selling    furs    and    buj'ing   goods,    and    begging,    and 


1 6  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

sometimes  stealing.  The  war  dance  was  freqncntly  seen  in 
pantomime  which  amused  the  whites  who  were  expected  to  re- 
ward the  Indians.  In  July  of  that  year  sixteen  chiefs  sang  a 
"wild  song"  in  front  of  Governor  Ramsey's  house.  Of  course 
the  Indian  women  had  a  hard  time  of  it.  In  185 1  Christ's 
Church  was  completed  and  was  dedicated  by  Bishop  Jackson 
Kemper,  who  was  then  said  to  be  the  bishop  of  "all-out-of- 
doors-west."  Hreck  was  its  founder,  the  Rev.  T.  Wilcoxson 
was  afterwards  its  rector.  This  year  the  Roman  Catholic  bish- 
opric was  founded  and  the  Rev.  Joseph  Gretin  came  and  filled 
the  office,  and  thus  began  a  work  which  has  never  faltered  from 
that  day  to    this. 

In  1852  Enmegahbowh  asked  Breck  to  go  on  a  mission  to 
Crow  Wing  and  the  shores  of  Gull  Lake.  Breck  had  been 
disappointed  in  not  founding  a  divinity  school,  and  was  ready' 
to  undertake  a  new  enterprise;  to  plant  the  Standard  of  the 
Cross  among  the  red  men  in  their  native  homes,  and  to  tell  the 
story  of  Jesus  Christ  and  Him  crucified  to  these  children  of  the 
sun,  was  a  joy  that  filled  his  heart. 

With  Holcombe,  before  mentioned,  he  set  out;  they  walked 
all  the  way,  a  distance  of  over  one  hundred  miles,  till  they  ar- 
rived at  Gull  Lake,  where  a  council  with  the  chief  men  was 
held.  That  is  a  picture  for  poets,  for  artists,  for  angels  and  for 
men.  Over  the  heads  of  the  missionaries  the  branches  of  the 
tall  pine-trees  waived.  Breck  proposed  to  establish  a  mission 
and  school  among  them,  and  here  the  sound  of  the  church- 
going  bell  was  heard.  A  young  lady  came  from  the  East,  Miss 
Mills,  who  afterwards  became  Mrs.  Breck.  There  were  the 
Misses  Frink,  West,  Allen  and  Wells  engaged  in  these  missions 
from  time  to  time.  Charles  Selrig  and  Enmegahbowh  acted  as 
interpreters.  Enmegahbowh  was  invaluable.  From  Gull  Lake, 
some  sixty  miles,  is  Leech  Lake.  Here  the  native  Ojibwa 
had  his  home.  Wild  men  they  were,  and  lawless.  In  1856, 
having  heard  of  Breck's  work  at  Gull  Lake,  they  sent  their 
head  man  to  ask  Breck  to  begin  work  in  their  midst.  Breck 
left  Rev.  E.  S.  Peake  to  take  charge  of  the  Columbia  Mission 
at  Gull  Lake.  Bishop  Kemper,  then  in  charge  of  Minnesota, 
appointed  him  to  this  work.  Mr.  Peake  went  by  stage  from  St. 
Paul  to  Gull  Lake.  In  1857  Breck  had  to  come  away  from  Leech 
Lake;  his  life  was  threatened.     The  Indians  were  turbulent  and 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 7 

violent.  No  picture  can  be  darker  than  that  painted  of  the  In- 
dians at  Gull  Lake  and  Leech  Lake  up  to  the  year  1865  ;  before 
that  time  work  had  been  tried  among  red  men  by  Methodists  and 
Congregationalists,  and  despair  of  doing  much  good  had  taken 
possession  of  the  minds  of  those  who  had  charge  of  the  work. 
Breck  had  had  to  leave  the  Indian  country,  Rev.  K.  Steele 
Peake  had  become  a  chaplain  in  the  army.  Year  by  year 
Bishop  Whipple,  with  Enmegahbowh,  who  lived  among  the 
Indians,  visited  many  of  the  Ojibwas  and  told  the  story  of 
salvation  ever  new.  They  report  that  they  saw  but  little  result 
of  their  work.  When,  in  1869  the  same  Indians  moved  to 
White  Earth,  a  new  day  dawned,  brighter  hopes  rose;  Enme- 
gahbowh mo\'ed  with  them,  and,  like  the  moving  of  the  ark  of 
the  covenant  of  old,  blessings  followed.  He  set  up  an  altar  in 
his  new  home,  and  began  worship  in  a  log  house.  Some  of 
the  Indian  chiefs  were  saved,  and  became  valiant  and  aggresive 
in  defence  of  the  truth  of  the  Gospel.  The  love  of  Christ  was 
in  their  hearts,  and  tell  it  they  must  and  did.  A  mighty  war- 
rior whose  name  was  Nabonaskong  was  converted  to  the  faith, 
and  with  tears  he  told  his  new  joy  and  pleaded  with  his  people. 
Rev.  Joseph  A.  Gilfillan,  a  man  whose  very  soul  was  aflame 
with  the  love  of  Christ,  and  had  been  from  his  early  days,  was 
then  at  Brainerd.  He  had  a  record  behind  him  ;  he  had  gone 
to  the  General  Seminary  in  New  York  to  study  for  Holy  Orders 
against  the  will  of  his  relatives;  when  he  was  told  by  one  of 
them  the  mistake  he  was  making,  he  replied:  "Whether  it  be 
right  to  obey  God  or  man,  I  must  judge."  This  glorious  man, 
in  1874,  knowing  his  Bible  almost  by  memory,  loving  Christ 
supremely,  and  the  Indians  tenderly,  went  to  White  Earth  and 
began  his  work  there;  since  then  he  has  inherited  wealth.  He 
knows  the  Indian  langauge  better  than  the  Indians  know  it. 
He  has  never  faltered,  never  taken  down  his  flag,  never  left  his 
work.  Jesus  Christ  and  Him  crucified  is  still  his  theme  and  joy. 
His  missionary  labor  has  covered  300  miles;  in  all  this  work, 
and  isolation,  for  the  salvation  of  the  Indians,  he  has  exulted 
and  triumphed  in  seeming  defeat. 

Enmegahbowh  is  a  prince  in  Israel,  and  a  man  fit  to  stand  be- 
fore kings.  As  a  result  of  this  work  eight  Indians  have  entered 
the  ministry  of  the  Church.  I  was  present  at  the  examination 
of  one   of   them    for   Deacons'  Orders,  and    the    examiners  said 


18  niSTORV  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

that  in  knowledge  of  the  Scriptures  and  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer:  "The  Indian  is,  at  the  \'ery  least,  the  equal  of  any  of 
the  three  white  men  examined  to-da\'."  The  American  Re- 
public does  not  know  how  much  it  owes  to  such  missionaries 
as  these.  A  statement  like  this,  in  historical  records,  deserves 
to  be  ciuoted.  Bishop  Whipple  has  confirmed  350  Ojibwas, 
has  100  families,  and  250  communicants.  This  has  been  gained 
when  the  Indian  had  no  individual  title  to  land,  no  American  law 
to  protect  the  innocent;  it  is  the  result  of  the  Gospel  of  Christ. 

Other  Indian  work  has  been  done  among  the  Sioux,  and 
it  is  recorded  in  the  history  and  will  abide  true,  that  men 
like  "Good  Thunder,"  Taopi,  Owancha,  Maza,  John  Other  Da}', 
Lorenza  Lawrence,  did  deeds  of  valor,  rescued  women  and  chil- 
dren from  captivity,  saved  many  lives  in  the  terrible  outbreak  of 
1862.  Ever}'  Indian  who  professed  Christ,  it  is  said  in  Vol.  VI 
of  the  Minnesota  Historical  Society's  collections,  page  170,  was 
faithful.  The  heathen  Indian  wrote  deeds  of  blood  and  shame 
no  pen  can  describe,  no  respectable  press  would  print.  They 
murdered  a  German,  and  three  Indians  were  arrested ;  before 
they  reached  St.  Paul,  they  were  executed  by  lynch-law.  The 
writer  of  this  recently  read  the  funeral  service  over  a  man 
who  saw  that  execution.  Mr.  Peake  had  to  leave  Gull  Lake; 
t^nmegahbowh  sta\'ed  there.  Enmegahbowh  was  ordered  dea- 
con in  1858  at  Faribault.  Mr.  Breck  went  to  establish  a  mis- 
sion school  at  Faribault,  and  began  work  here  with  all  his 
old  time  zeal,  devotion  and  faith.  He  was  a  man  to  inspire 
confidence  in  any  place,  where  men  could  understand  noble 
character,  and  value  self-sacrifice;  the  plain  people,  both 
young  and  old,  loved  and  revered  him.  Bishop  Millspaugh, 
who  was  brought  up  at  Faribault,  knew  him  well,  and  never 
tires  of  speaking  of  him  as  that  saintly  man  now  in  Para- 
dise; the  farmers  and  store  keepers,  the  children,  the  young 
men  and  maidens,  all  looked  upon  him  in  a  similar  light.  The 
authorities  of  the  State  University  of  Pennsylvania  gave  him 
his  D.  D.  degree;    he  was  thus  held  in  honor. 

Such  were  the  effects  of  the  Gospel  in  the  Indian  Camp, 
and  so  great  its  results,  that  Indian  converts,  rescued  more  than 
a  hundred  whites.  In  all  this  we  see  that  the  Gospel  can 
reach  a  .Sioux  Indian  and  give  him  a  name  and  place  of  honor, 
and  service  with  the  sons  of  God. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVEXTJOX.  1 9 

The  schools  at  Faribault  were  begun  under  circumstances  of 
the  most  favorable  kind,  and  have,  from  their  inception,  had  wise 
guidance,  and  able,  as  well  as  faithful  service.  The  religious  side 
of  education  was  a  constant  theme  with  Doctor  Breck,  and  this 
only  as  a  means,  not  an  end;  the  final  goal  intended,  was  the 
spread  of  Christ's  Kingdom  among  men.  The  training  of  \'oung 
men  for  the  Holy  Ministry,  was  a  passion  with  him,  hut  the 
condition  of  children  was  never,  for  an  instant,  lost  sight  of, 
and  he  made  it  his  business  and  pleasure,  to  see  that  the  Indian 
children  at  Faribault,  or  those  who  could  be  sent  there,  should 
have  an  education.  From  that  Indian  school  went  youths  who 
after  became  clergymen  of  the  Church.  In  the  Diocese  at  large, 
everything  throbbed  with  the  new  life,  everywhere  beating  and 
enlarging  in  the  state,  and  at  the  Diocesan  Council  held  in  St. 
Paul's  Church,  St.  Paul,  June  29th,  1859,  and  two  following 
days,  events  of  the  gravest  moment  had  to  be  discussed  and 
acted  upon.  Bishop  Kemper  presided.  The  Council  will  be 
forever  memorable  in  the  Church  history  of  Minnesota,  because 
of  the  election  of  Rev.  Henry  Benjamin  Whipple,  of  Chicago, 
as  Bishop.  He  was  then  an  almost  unknown  man.  The 
way  he  came  to  Chicago  was  remarkable  to  a  wonderful 
degree.  In  Chicago  there  were  persons  who  desired  a  free 
church,  and  began  one  ;  among  them  a  brother  of  Re\'.  H.  A. 
Neeley.  He  was  deputed  to  see  his  brother  and  ask  him  to 
come  and  take  charge  of  the  new  parish.  After  hearing  all 
that  could  be  said  in  favor  of  moving  to  Chicago,  the  minister 
said,  "No."  He  was  asked,  "Do  you  know  a  good  man  for  the 
place,  who  will  come?"  "No,  I  do  not,"  was  the  reply.  "But 
stop  a  moment,"  said  he,  "let  us  look  through  the  clergy  list; 
we  ma)'  see  a  name  I  know."  The  two  brothers  went  through 
the  list  down  to  where  Mr.  Whipple's  name  was  found.  "There," 
said  the  future  Bishop  Neeley,  "  is  your  man,  if  he  will  come." 
He  was  at  Rome,  New  York  State.  Layman  Neeley  went  to 
Rome,  heard  Mr.  Whipple,  was  charmed;  saw  him,  told  him 
about  Chicago,  and  the  free  church  plans.  Rev.  F.  A.  Hoffman 
was  rector  of  the  free  church  in  PLlizabeth,  N.  J.  Mr.  Whipple 
wrote  to  him  about  free  churches,  came  to  Chicago  ;  when 
there  he  began  hard  work  among  railwa}'  men  ;  was  soon  known 
locally.  Rev.  Dr.  Paterson  went  to  one  service  during  a  sojourn 
in    Chicago,   and    that    was    about    all    any  one    knew  of    Henr)' 


20  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Benj.  Whipple.  A  bishop  had  to  be  elected.  Rev.  A.  Cleveland 
Coxe  had  been  asked  by  Bishop  Kemper  to  let  his  name  be 
used.  "No,  I  thank  you  very  much,  but  I  cannot  come."  Now 
is  the  day  and  hour  for  election  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Gear  proposes  that 
the  Convention  engage  in  silent  prayer  ;  this  is  done,  nomina- 
tions are  in  order.  Rev.  John  I.  Tucker,  of  hymnal  fame,  has 
eleven  clerical  votes ;  Rev.  Andrew  Bell  Paterson,  of  St.  Paul, 
three  ;  Rev.  Alexander  H.  Vinton,  two  ;  Rev.  A.  N.  Littlejohn, 
one,  and  Rev.  H.  B.  Whipple,  one;  eighteen  votes  in  all.  Mr. 
Tucker  was  elected  by  the  clergy,  and  so  nominated  to  the  lay- 
men. An  adjournment  was  taken  till  the  next  morning,  when  the 
election  failed,  and  only  just  failed,  of  confirmation  by  the  laity. 
Another  vote  was  taken  by  the  clergy,  with  like  result.  Rev. 
J.  I.  Tucker  was  again  defeated  by  the  lay  representatives ;  ten 
parishes  said,  yea,  eleven  said,  nay;  lacking  one  vote  only  of  con- 
firmation. A  recess  was  taken.  At  half  past  two  the  session 
was  called  to  order  ;  the  clergy  retired  for  consultation  regarding 
nominating  a  bishop  ;  they  returned  and  proceeded  to  election, 
when,  to  the  surprise  of  all,  Mr.  Whipple  had  fourteen  votes  ; 
and  it  came  about  in  this  way.  After  returning.  Rev.  Mr.  Gear 
proposed  that  they  pray  in  silence.  They  did  so.  When  they 
rose  from  their  knees.  Rev.  Dr.  Manney  said,  "If  the  brother 
is  here  who  has  voted  for  Mr.  W' hippie,  I  wish  he  would  please 
say  why  he  did  so."  Dr.  Paterson  arose,  and  in  his  own  gentle 
manner  said,  "All  I  have  to  say  is,  I  attended  Mr.  Whipple's 
church  passing  through  Chicago,  and  was  very  much  pleased." 
Rev.  E.  R.  Welles,  of  Red  Wing,  knew  Mr.  Whipple,  who  was  an 
advocate  of  the  free  church  plan  ;  and  so  Mr.  Whipple  came 
to  be  the  choice  of  the  Convention  by  a  unanimous  vote.  When 
he  heard  the  news  he  was  as  much  surprised  as  if  he  had  been 
changed  into  an  arch-angel.  He  had  no  thought  of  becoming 
a  bishop.  It  was  to  be.  "God's  ways  are  not  man's  ways,  nor 
His  thoughts  our  thoughts  ;  for,  as  the  heavens  are  higher  than 
the  earth,  so  are  His  thoughts  higher  than  our  thoughts,  and 
His  ways  than  our   ways." 

On  the  13th  of  October  of  that  year,  1859,  Bishop  Whipple 
was  consecrated  in  St.  James  Church,  Richmond,  Virginia,  the 
parish  of  which  that  glorious  man,  Rev.  Mr.  Peterkin,  father  of 
the  bishop  who  bears  that  name,  was  for  a  lifetime  rector. 
Bishop  Burgess,  of  Maine,  preached  the  sermon.     That  day  four 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  21 

bishops  were  consecrated  :  one  for  New  Jersey, — Odenheimer  ; 
one  for  assistant  in  Ohio,  —  Bedell ;  one  for  Texas,  —  Gregg  ; 
and  Henry  Benjamin  Whipple.  The  day  was  bright  and  soft 
and  warm  and  fair.  In  Richmond  vast  numbers  of  people  were 
in  the  city.  Rev.  Mr.  Gear  and  Rev.  Dr.  Van  Ingcn,  from  Minne- 
sota, read  the  Morning  Prayer.  The  testimonial  of  election  was 
read  by  Rev.  Dr.  Randall.  Bishop  Kemper  presided.  Bishop 
Clark,  Rhode  Island,  read  the  Litany.  Rev.  Dr.  Wilson,  of  West- 
ern New  York,  and  Rev.  Dr.  Paterson  assisted  the  bishop  in 
putting  on  his  robes.  The  sermon  was  on  "The  Love  of  Zion," 
and  is  said  to  have  moved  those  who  heard  it  to  tears.  The  ser- 
mon over,  all  went  away  glad,  and  many  sang  for  joy  of  heart. 

No  story  of  early  church  work  in  Minnesota  could  be  told 
which  left  out  Rev.  Dr.  Paterson.  He  came  from  New  Jersey 
and  was  the  first  rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  St.  Paul.  He  was  a 
man  of  very  great  refinement  and  wide  culture.  A  man  of  books 
and  reading,  rich  in  exquisite  taste,  of  very  great,  earnest,  quiet 
purpose  and  Christian  zeal,  he  stamped  his  impress  deeply  upon 
his  parish  and  upon  the  churchmanship  of  Minnesota,  in  an  early 
day.  The  work  of  Dr.  Paterson  is  seen  to  this  hour  in  the  very 
life  of  the  parish  of  St.  Paul.  No  more  quiet,  calm,  thoughtful 
congregation  can  be  seen  in  this  State.  A  worship  is  there, 
which  is  beautiful, — ornate,  many  would  call  it.  Love  of  beau- 
tiful service  is  an  inheritance  and  a  tradition  there.  Dr.  Paterson 
married  a  daughter  of  President  King,  of  Columbia  College,  New, 
York  City,  and  was  himself  a  descendant  and  relation  of  a  man 
who  signed  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  The  Patersons 
are  many  of  them  buried  in  the  beautiful  Oakland  Cemetery  in 
St.  Paul.  On  the  top  of  the  hill,  as  is  fitting  for  such  persons, 
the  visitor  may  see  nine  carved  stone  crosses,  which  bear  the 
name  and  tell  the  story  of  who  rests  beneath.  On  one  of  the 
last  crosses  is  a  sermon  of  hope  and  love  and  trust.  It  is  in 
these  glad  words,  "  How  Grows  in  Paradise  our  Store."  Such 
people  as  these  were  worthy  to  found  a  church,  and  see  their 
God. 

What  shall  I  more  say  ?  Time  would  fail  me  to  tell  of  Rev. 
T.  Wilco.xson,  J.  S.  Chamberlain,  S.  W'.  Manney,  John  Van 
Ingen,  E.  Steele  Peake,  J.  Sweet,  D.  B.  Knickerbacker,  I^.  P. 
Gray,  C.  W'oodard,  B.  Evans,  J.  A.  Fitch,  K.  R.  Welles,  and 
David  Livcrmore  ;    of  men  like  Enmegahbowh  and  C.  C.  Tanner; 


22  insrOKY  OF  GBXnRAL  CONVENriON. 

of  men  like  W.  DuBois  and  good  Samuel  Chandler;  and  of  men 
like  Summer,  who  walked  long  distances,  lodged  in  cabins  and 
forded  streams  ;  men,  some  of  whom  saw  great  sorrow,  knew 
very  hard  toil,  had  small  salaries,  and  never  saw  great  results 
of  their  work,  as  men  look  at  work.  These  all  counted  it  joy 
to  preach  Jesus  Christ.  Many  rest  from  their  labors,  and  sleep 
the  slecj)  of  the  just  in  Paradise.  Peace  to  their  memory. 
May  the  Church  of  God  never  lack  such    workers. 

There  is  not  space  to  tell  of  all  the  lay  helpers,  who  have 
wrought  with  these  clergymen,  or  of  those  who  have  given 
money  to  work  in  Minnesota  ;  men  like  Mr.  Junius  Morgan, 
father  of  Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan,  of  New  York,  who  gave  fifty 
thousand  dollars  at  one  time  to  Bishop  Whipple  for  his  schools; 
of  ]\Ir.  A.  A.  Low,  father  of  Mr.  S.  Low,  of  Columbia  College 
New  York  ;  of  Mr.  \V.  W.  Corcoran,  of  Washington  ;  of  Mr. 
Robert  Winthrop,  of  Boston;  of  Mr.  John  Shoenberger,  and 
many  others  at  a  distance  ;  of  Mr.  Hale,  Mr.  ¥..  T.  Wilder,  St. 
Paul;  Hon.  Henry  T.  Welles,  of  Minneapolis,  who  has  given 
$50,000  to  P^aribault  ;  and  a  legion  more  ;  of  women  like  Mrs. 
Shumway,  whose  love  of  the  work  in  Minnesota  never  failed. 
What  a  chapter  could  be  written  about  the  God-fearing  women, 
wives  of  the  clergy, — Mrs.  Whipple,  Mrs.  INIanney,  Mrs.  Wil- 
coxson,  and  many  more.  P^nough  it  is  that  they  are  in  peace, 
and  that  their  souls  are  in  the  hand  of  God,  and  no  evil  can 
touch  them.  In  this  assurance  we  can  wait  till  the  day  comes 
when  we  with  them  shall  be  made  perfect,  and  together  joy 
in  harvest  home. 

It  was  thus  that  the  foundations  of  the  Church  in  Minnesota 
were  laid,  and  the  influence  thereof  will  last  as  long  as  the 
state  stands. 


CIIAPTKR  II. 

How  THE  General  Convention  Came  to  Minneapolis. 

\  S  we  think  of  the  Convention,  it  will  be  interesting  to  recall 
^^  the  parliamentary  steps  which  were  taken  in  Baltimore,  in 
1892,  to  bring  it  to  Minneapolis.  The  following  extracts  from 
the  Journal    of   the    last   Convention   tell  one  side  of  the  story: 

"House  of  Deputies,  tenth  day,  Thursday,  October  13,  1892. 
— On  motion    of   the    Rev.    Mr.    Faude,  of  Minnesota,  it  was — 

''Resolved,  the  House  of  Bisops  concurring.  That  a  committee 
of  five  persons  be  appointed  to  act  in  conference  with  a  similar 
committee  of  the  House  of  Bishojjs  on  the  selection  of  the 
place  for  the  next  General    Convention. 

"The  President  (Rev.  Dr.  Dix )  appointed  as  members  of 
said  committee,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Faude,  of  Minnesota;  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Foute,  of  California;  Mr.  Stone,  of  Colorado;  Mr.  Trask,  of 
Albany;  and  Mn  Davis,  of  Massachusetts." 

On  the  same  day  the  House  of  Bishops  concurred  in  this 
action,  "and  the  chair  (presiding  Bishop  Williams)  appointed 
as  members  of  that  committee  on  the  part  of  this  House,  the 
Bishops  of  Missouri  (Tuttle),  Albany  (Doane),  and  Kcntuky 
(Dudley),  the  Assistant  Bishop  of  California  (Nichols),  and  the 
Bishop  of  Massachusetts  (Phillips  Brooks). 

"House  of  Bishops,  eleventh  daw  October  17,  1892. — The 
Assistant  Bishop  of  California,  from  the  committee  on  the  place 
of  meeting  of  the  next  Convention,  presented  the  following 
report: 

"The  committee  appointed  on  the  [)art  of  this  Mouse  upon 
the  joint  committee  to  consider  and  recommend  tlie  place  tor 
the  meeting  of  the  next  triennial  Convention,  rej^ort  that  in  said 
joint  committee  a  resolution  was  passed  fa\oring  the  choice 
of  Saratoga  Springs  in  the  Diocese  of  Albain-  for  such  place, 
and    they    pro[:)ose    to     the     House     the     following     resolution: 


24  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

'^Resolved,  the  House  of  Deputies  concurring,  That  Saratoga 
Springs,  New  York,  be  chosen  as  the  place  for  the  meeting  of 
the  General  Convention  of  1895. 

"On  motion  of  the  Bishop  of  Chicago  (McLaren),  this  sub- 
ject was  made  the  special  order  of  the  day  at  4  o'clock,  at 
which  time  the  Bishop  of  Indiana  (Knickerbacker)  moved  to 
amend  by  substituting  Louisville  for  Saratoga  Springs;  which 
was  adopted. 

"The  Assistant  Bishop  of  Central  Pennsylvania  (Rulison) 
moved  as  a  substitute  for  the  whole  motion,  That  the  Conven- 
tion meet  at  Denver;  which  was  not  adopted. 

"House  of  Deputies,  eleventh  day,  October  17,  1892. — The 
Rev.  Mr.  Faude,  from  the  special  joint  committee  on  selecting 
a  place  for  holding  the  next  General  Convention,  presented  the 
following  report,  which  was  placed  on  the  calendar:  'The  joint 
committee  on  the  selection  of  the  place  for  holding  the  next 
General  Convention,  respectfully  report  that,  having  considered 
the  subject  it  recommeds  the  adoption  of   the  following: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  the  next 
General  Convention  be  held  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y.  Respectfully 
submitted  for  the  committee.  J.  J.  Faude.' 

"House  of  Deputies,  twelvth  day. — On  motion  of  Rev.  Mr. 
Faude,  of  Minnesota,  the  resolution  of  the  committee  on  the 
place  of  meeting  of  the  next  General  Convention  was  taken 
from  the  calendar. 

"The  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop  moved  to  amend  the  resolution  by  sub- 
stituting Minneapolis  for  Saratoga. 

"Mr.  Stone,  of  Colorado,  moved  to  amend  the  amendment  by 
substituting  Denver  for  Minneapolis,  and  the  motion  prevailed. 

"The  resolution  of  the  committee  thus  amended  was 
adopted." 

On  the  same  day  the  House  of  I^ishops  nonconcurrecl  in 
this  action  and  "asked  a  committee  of  conference  thereon;  and 
the  chair  appointed  the  Bishops  of  Missouri  and  Albany  and 
the  Assistant  Bishop  of  California." 

The  next  day  The  House  of  Deputies  granted  the  com- 
mittee of  conference  *  *  *  and  the  President  appointed 
as  members  of  such  committee  on  the  part  of  this  House,  the 
Rev.   Drs.  Alsop  and  Taylor,  and  Mr.  Trask. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  25 

"The  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop,  from  the  committee  of  conference  on 
the  phice  of  meeting  of  the  next  General  Convention,  presented 
the  following-  report:  'The  committee  of  conference  between 
the  two  Houses  in  reference  to  a  place  of  meeting  for  the  next 
General  Convention  begs  leave  to  report  that  after  a  full  con- 
sideration of  the  claims  of  all  the  places  mentioned,  they  have 
agreed  to  recommend  San  Francisco. 

Reese  F.  Alsop, 
F.  VV.  Taylor, 
Spencer  Tr.^sk. 
Committee  on  the  part  of  this  House.' 

"On  motion  it  was  Resolved,  That  this  House  concurs  in  the 
recommendation  of  the  committee,  and  names  San  Francisco  as 
the  place  for  holding  the  next  convention. 

The  House  of  Bishops  nonconcurred  in  this  action  and 
again  asked  for  a  committee  of  conference,  appointing  on  the 
part  of  this  House  the  Bishops  of  New  York  (Potter),  New 
Hampshire  (Niles),  and  Louisiana  (Sessums). 

"House  of  Deputies,  fifteenth  day.  October  21,  1892. — The 
following  message  was  received,  and,  on  motion  the  House  con- 
curred therein:  'Message  No.  74:  The  House  of  Bishops  in- 
forms the  House  of  Deputies  that  it  has  adopted  (on  motion 
of  Bishop  Potter)  the  following  resolution: 

''Resolved,  the  House  of  Deputies  concurring,  That,  in  accord- 
ance with  the  unanimous  recommendation  of  the  committee  of 
conference  of  the  two  Houses  of  this  Convention,  Minneapolis, 
in  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota,  be  designated  as  the  place  of 
meeting  of  the  next  triennial  General  Convention."  It  will  be 
understood  that  the  minutes  of  the  journal  do  not  disclose  the 
names  of  those  who  favored  the  selection  of  Minneapolis  by 
speeches  on  the  floor  of  the  House,  and  b}-  private  conferences 
in  and  out  of  the  sessions. 

There  had  not  been  for  many  years,  if  ever,  so  much  strife 
— all  friendly — for  the  next  convention  as  there  was  in  this 
instance.  There  were  strong  advocates  of  other  places  in 
both  Houses,  but  when  all  had  been  considered  and  reconsi- 
dered, it  was  found  that  the  two  Houses  could  agree  upon  no 
place  but  Minneapolis.  This,  of  course,  was  simply  because 
Minneapolis  is  nearer  to  the  I^ast  than  most  of  the  other 
places  mentioned. 


26  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

It  bciiii^  scttletl  tliat  the  General  Con\cntion  was  to  be  held 
in  INIinncsota,  the  annual  Council  of  the  Diocese  which  met  in 
June,  1893,  at  Faribault,  on  motion  of  the  Rev.  J.  J.  r\iude,  re- 
solved that  a  committee  appointed  by  the  bishop,  should  rej)- 
resent  the  whole  diocese  in  makin<^  suitable  arrangements  for 
the  entertainment  and  convenience  of  that  bod\'.  The  bishop 
appointed  the  Revs.  John  Wright.  D.  D.,  St.  Paul;  C.  H.  Plummer, 
St.  Cloud;  A.  A.  Butler,  Red  Wing;  J.  J.  Faude,  Minneapolis, 
William  Gardam.  Faribault;  Mr.  S.  B.  Footc,  Red  Wing;  Mr.  F. 
W.  Feet,  St.  Paul;  Mr.  A.  A.  White,  Moorhead;  Hon.  W.  H. 
Yale  of  Winona. 

This  committee,  at  a  meeting  held  in  .St.  Paul's  Church. 
St.  Paul,  Dec.  14,  1893,  decided  that  the  General  Convention 
be  held  at  a  church,  and  that  the  parishes  in  Minneapolis 
which  desired  the  convention,  should  be  asked  to  submit  plans, 
stating  what  accommodations  could  be  offered;  and  also  that 
a  sub-committee,  consisting  of  two  members  of  the  diocesan 
committee,  the  clergy  of  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  and  three 
delegates  from  each  parish,  to  be  appointed  by  the  rectors,  be 
called  upon  to  confer  as  to  making  all    needful    arrangements. 

Rev.  Dr.  Wright  and  Mr.  Foote  were  appointed  to  represent 
the  diocesan  committee,  and  the  whole  representative  commit- 
tee met  on  Jan.  loth,  1894,  at  seven  o'clock  P.  M.,  at  St.  Mark's 
parish  house.  At  this  meeting  there  were  present  from  St.  Paul 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Wright,  Mr.  Foote.  the  Revs.  P.  Y.  Morgan,  W.  C. 
Pope,  M.  A.,  Charles  Holmes  of  St.  Paul,  Charles  K.  Haupt, 
and  Re\'s.  F  C.  Fortin,  E.  S.  Purves;  from  Minneapolis,  H.  P. 
Nichols,  J.  J.  Faude,  W.Wilkinson,  F'.  Millspaugh,  A.  J.  Graham, 
John  Prosser,  M.  By  water  and  Olaf  A.  Toffteen.  Messrs.  Cj. 
A.  S.  Henry,  .Seager,  C.  Langdon,  Geo.  H.  Christian,  and 
many  others,  whose  names  are  not  in  the  records.  The  Rev. 
Dr.  Wright  presided,  the  Rev.  J.  J.  P'aude  was  secretary. 
During  the  meeting  Bishop  Gilbert  arrived;  Dr.  Wright,  with 
his  usual  consideration,  asked  him  to  take  the  chair,  which  he 
did.  On  motion  of  Mr.  Nichols,  a  committee  of  sc\en  was 
apj)ointed  to  nominate  a  general  committee  of  twenty-five 
from  the  two  cities,  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis,  to  ha\e  in  charge 
the  details  of  arrangements  of  the  General  Convention,  and  to 
report  their  names  to  the  diocesan  committee  for  its  ratifica- 
tion.      The  chairman  api)ointed,  as    nominating    committee,  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


27 


Revs.   II.   P.   Nichols,  A.  J.   Gi 

Messrs.  G.  C.   Farnham,  C.   E. 

( )sbornc.      The  meetinu^  adjou 

This  committee  nojiiinated 

lion.  John  H.Ames,    St.  Paul. 

lion.  I.  Atwatcr,     Minneapolis. 

Mr.  W.  C.  Edgar, 

Mr.  Geo.  H.  Christian, 

Mr.  Andrew  G.  Dunlop.    " 

Col.  Geo.  O.  Eddy, 

Mr.  Fred  F"arrington, 

Mr.  Geo.  C.  Farnham, 

Re\-.  John  J.  Faude, 

Mr.  W.  H.Ritchie, 

Mr.  Geo.  S.  Grimes, 

Rev.  C.  Edgar  Haupt,  St.  Paul. 

I\Ir.  William  Smith,        St.  Paul. 


aham  and    Charles    1  lolmes,    and 
Purd>%  E.    W.    Peet,    and    F.    O. 
rned. 
the  following  gentlemen: 

Mr.  C.  -S.  Langdon,  Minneapolis. 
Mr  \V.  U.  Lawrence,  M.  D.    " 
Mr.  \Vm.  H.  Lightner,  St.  Paul. 
Hon.  VVm.  R.  Merriam, 
Rev.  Y.  Peyton  Morgan,     " 
Rev.  H.  P.  Nichols,  Minneapolis. 
Mr.  Frank  O.  Osborne,  St.  Paul. 
Mr.  Fred'k  Paine,   Minneapolis. 
Mr.  Chas.  E.  Purdy, 
Mr.  R.  A.  MacGregor, 
Rev.  Fred'k  T.  Webb. 
Rev.  Wm.  Wilkinson, 


Meeting  in  St.   Mark's  parish  house,   Ma\'   17th,    1894. 

At  the  call  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wright,  chairman  of  the  diocesan 
committee,  the  gentlemen  who  had  been  nominated  by  the 
committee  of  seven  met  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening.  The 
roll  was  called  and  the  following  were  present: 


Rev.  J.  J.   P^aude. 

"     A.  J.  Graham, 

"     C.   E.   Piaupt, 

"     H.  P.   Nichols, 

"     Wm.  Wilkinson, 
Mr.  W.  D.   Lawrence,  M.  D. 

"     F.  O.   Osborne, 


Mr.   Frederick  Paine, 
"      Geo.   H.  Christian, 

A.  C.   Dunlop, 
"      Geo.  O.   PLddy, 
"      F.  Farrington, 
"      Geo.  S.  Grimes, 
"      C.   E.   Purdv. 


The  Rev.  Mr.  Millspaugh  had  been  appointed,  but  on  being 
called  to  Topeka,  Kan.,  his  place  was  vacant,  and  filled  by  the 
appointment  of  W.  H.  Trucsdalc.  The  Rev.  P'redcrick  T. 
Webb  was  elected  to  fill  a  \'acanc\'  made  by  the  resignation  of 
\V.  C.  Gregg,  who  had  been  appointed,  but  resigned.  The 
Rew  Mr.  Nichols  was  ajipomted  chairman  of  the  local  com- 
mittee. The  following  four  sub-committees  were  appointed  : 
(i),  on  hospitalitx',  (2),  on  transportation,  (3),  on  place  of  meet- 
ing, and   (4)   on    finance.       It  was   found  the  services  hatl  to  be 


28  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

arranged  for  by  the  rectors.  It  was  then  announced  that  the 
diocesan  committee  had  selected  Gethsemanc  Church  as  a  phicc 
of  meeting  of  the  General  Convention.  The  chairman  was  asked 
to  appoint  the  committees.  The  nomination  of  secretary  was 
referred  to  a  special  committee.  Mr.  George  H.  Christian 
was  elected  chairman  of  this  meeting,  Mr.  Paine  was  secretary. 
The  chairman  appointed  the  committees  as  follows: 

ON    FINANCE. 

Col.  Geo.  O.  Eddy,  Chairman,  Hon.  W.  R.  Merriam, 

Mr.  Geo.  H.    Christian.  Treas.,  Rev.  Y.  Peyton  Morgan, 

Hon.  Isaac  Atwater,  Rev.  Wm.  Wilkinson. 
Mr.  C.  S.  Langdon, 

ON    TRANSPORTATION. 

Fred  Farrington,  Chairman,  Mr.  John   H.  Ames. 

ON    HOSPITALITY. 

Rev.  F.  T.  Webb,  Chairman.  Mr.  W.  D.  Lawrence,  M.  D. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Ritchie,  Mr.  F.  O.  Osborne, 

Mr.  W.  C.  F^dgar,  Mr.  Frederick  Paine. 
Mr.  Geo.  S.  Grimes, 

ON    PLACE    OF    MEETING. 

Rev.  J.  J.  Faudc,  Chairman,  Mr.  A.  G.  Dunlop, 

Mr.  G.  C.  Farnham,  Rev.  C.  E.  Haupt, 

Mr.  W.  H.  Lightner,  Mr.  C.  E.  Purdy. 

At  St.  Mark's  Church,  May  31st,  a  meeting  of  local  com- 
mittee was  held  when  the  following  gentlemen  were  present: 

Rev.  H.   P.  Nichols,  Chairman,      Mr.  Geo.  C.   Farnham, 

"    A.  J.  Graham,  "    Geo.  S.  Grimes, 

"     P'redk.  T.  Webb,  "     Frederick  Paine, 

"    Wm.  Wilkinson,  Dr.  W.  D.   Lawrence, 

Hon.   Isaac  Atwater,  Mr.  Chas.   K.   Purdy, 

Mr.  John   H.   Ames,  "    Wm.   H.   Truesdale, 

Mr.  "a.   G.   Dunlop,  "     Frank  O.  Osborne. 

The  chairman  asked  for  the  appointment  of  an  executive 
committee,  which  was  appointed,  being  the  chairmen  of  sub- 
committees. At  this  meeting  Mr.  Hector  Baxter,  an  active 
parishioner  of  St.  Mark's,  resigned  from  the  committee.      Being 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  29 

at  that  time  in  delicate  health  he  could  not  attend  evening  meet- 
ings. Mr.  W.  C.  Edgar  was  appointed  in  his  place.  The  meet- 
ing adjourned. 

On  September  29th,  1894,  another  meeting  was  held  at  St. 
Mark's  parish  house,  when  the  probable  cost  of  the  convention 
arrangements  was  thoroughly    discussed. 

A  committee  met  at  the  West  Hotel  on  October  29th,  1894; 
Mr.  C.  N.  Harrington  was  unanimously  elected  general  secre- 
tary of  the  committee,  a  post  he  filled  with  ability  and  bright- 
ness to  the  completion  of  all  convention  affairs.  The  Rev.  Mr. 
Graham,  who  was  rector  of  Holy  Trinity  Church  in  Minneapolis 
and  Dean  of  the  Central  Convocation,  resigned.  He  had  been 
called  to  a  rectorate  in  Washington,  D.  C.  The  Rev.  Fred- 
erick T.  Webb,  successor  to  Mr.  Millspaugh,  became  chairman 
of  the  Hospitality  Committee.  Mr.  W.  H.  Truesdale  had  moved 
to  Chicago  and  Mr.  R.  A.  McGregor  was  elected  in  his  place, 
and  Mr.  W.  H.  Ritchie  was  appointed  in  the  place  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Graham.  During  the  Church  Congress  held  in  Boston  in 
this  year,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Nichols  had  a  long  conference  with  the 
Rev.  C.  L.  Hutchins,  secretary  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  in 
regard  to  the  arrangements  for  the  Convention.  No  man  living 
knows  better  what  is  needed  for  the  work  of  the  convention 
than  he.  Mr.  Nichols  gave  a  long  account  to  the  committee 
of  their  conference.  It  was  thought  needful  to  have  a  daily 
lunch,  which  was  served  every  day  during  the  convention  at 
the  West  Hotel,  and  the  arrangements  there  called  forth  the 
highest  praise. 

On  May  8th,  1895,  a  committee  of  twenty-five  met  at  Knick- 
erbacker  Hall,  Gethsemane  Parish  House,  Minneapolis.  Eight- 
een members  were  present.  Elaborate  reports  were  presented 
and  the  whole  situation  reviewed.  The  arrangements  made  by 
the  sub-committees  met  the  approval  of  the  larger  body;  and 
it  was  clearly  seen  that  the  convention  would  be  provided  for 
in  a  way  that  left  little  to  be  desired.  At  this  time  about 
$3,000  of  the  cost  of  entertainment  had  been  promised.  The 
committee  on  transportation  had  secured  special  rates  for  visit- 
ors to  the  Convention.  The  question  of  distributing  the  tickets 
was  a  perplexing  one;  ten  times  as  many  persons,  at  least, 
desired  to  attend  the  opening  service  as  could  be  accommo- 
dated.     The    committee    on    place    of    meeting    had    charge    of 


30  HlSTOm'  OF  GEXERAL   CONVENTIOX. 

such  distribution  and  had  8oo  tickets  for  disposal,  beside  those 
of  the  deputies,  and  proposed  the  following: 

1.  Boards  of  INIanagers  of  the  Domestic  and  Foreign  Mis- 

sionary Society,   (say)              -             -             -  -          lo 

2.  Officers  of  the  Women's  Auxiliary,             -  -  5 

3.  Diocesan  Officers  of  the  Women's  Auxiliar\-,  -        150 

4.  Foreign  Mission  Workers,                 -             -  -  10 

5.  The  Canadian  Delegation   (Supplementary  Deputies),       20 

6.  Diocesan  Clergy,             -             -             -             -  -        too 

7.  Diocesan  Officers,  and   Members  of  Boards,  -  15 

8.  Officers  of  the  Church  Club,                  -             -  "  3 
Q.  Committee  of  Twenty  fi\e,                .             .  _                50 

10.  Subscribers,          ------  200 

11.  Pastors  of  Central  Churches,            -             -             -  12 

12.  Press  Representatives,    -             -             -             -             -  10 

13.  Individuals,  including  the  Governor  of   the    State,    the 

President  of  the  University,  Mayor  of  the  City,    etc.  5 

14.  Wardens  and  Vestrymen  of  the  two  cities,           -  100 

15.  Parochial  Officers  in  Minneapolis,  not  to  exceed      -  [O 

16.  To  be  reserved  for  final  distribution  b\'  the  P>xecuti\'e 

Committee,  -----  100 

800 
It  is  further  recommended  that  these  tickets  be  offered  to 
the  persons  and  bodies  named,  to  be  given  to  them  only  if 
they  are  asked  for  by  September  15th.  It  is  also  recom- 
mended that  no  person  shall  be  given  a  duplicate  for  any 
second  or  third  head  under  which  he  might  be  entitled  to  a 
ticket. 

It  was  decided  on  September  15th  that  the  Bishops  of  the 
Diocese  give  a  reception  at  the  West  Hotel.  It  was  well 
known  that  throngs  of  people  would  wish  to  meet  Bishops 
Gilbert  and  Whipple,  and  other  eminent  men  and  women,  who 
were  members  of,  or  \  isitors  to,  the  convention.  This  recep- 
tion crowded  e\'er}'  available  inch  of  space  at  that  famous 
hotel. 

A  meeting  of  the  committee  of  twenty-five  was  held  Sep- 
tember, 1895,  when  it  was  resolved  that  this  committee  give 
its  endorsement  to  the  request  of  the  citizens  of  St.  Paul  that 
the  Convention  be  asked  to  visit    that  place,  antl    that    on    one 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTIOX.  3  I 

da\-  of  the  opcnin_f^  of  tlic  Comcntion  a  lunch  be  _<^i\en  to  the 
Mouse  of  Bishops  at  the  Hampshire  Arms.  At  this  time  it 
was  reported  that  pledges  amounting  to  $3,822  for  convention 
expenses  were  recei\xd.  The  executive  committee  for  two  or 
three  months  before  the  convention,  met  every  week,  or  more 
frequently.  Nothing  could  have  exceeded  the  assiduity  and 
faithfulness  of  the  chairman,  secretary  and  treasurer.  The  Rcw 
Mr.  Nichols  had  a  thorough  knowledge  of  all  details.  The 
Rev.  J.  J.  Faude,  as  chairman  of  the  committee  on  place  of 
meeting,  never  for  an  instant  lost  sight  of  the  importance  of 
having  arrangements  as  perfectly  as  possible.  The  Re\-.  Mr. 
Webb,  for  two  or  three  months,  did  little  else  than  officiate  at 
the  public  services  in  connection  with  his  church,  and  looked 
after  all  the  needful  correspondence  of  the  hospitalit}'  com- 
mittee, visited  the  West,  the  Nicollet,  Hampshire  Arms,  Victoria 
Hotels,  boarding  houses,  private  families  willing  to  rent  rooms 
or  supply  board,  persons  willing  to  entertain  missionary  bishops 
or  clerical  deputies,  correspondence  with  persons  who  desired 
to  give  dinner  parties,  garden  parties  or  receptions;  upon  him 
fell  a  very  large  number  of  details,  all  requiring  personal 
attention.  In  all  this  he  was,  as  the  other  members  of  the 
committee  of  arrangements  were,  glad  to  serve.  Mr.  George 
H.  Christian  deserves  honorable  mention  as  treasurer  of  this 
fund.  The  St.  Paul  people,  Dr.  Wright  at  their  head,  as 
chairman  of  the  diocesan  committee,  most  loyally  supported 
all  efforts  affecting  arrangements  for  the  General  Convention. 
Dean  C.  C.  Andrews,  rector  of  Christ's  Church,  St.  Paul,  where 
the  Women's  Auxiliar}-  meeting  was  held;  Rev.  William  C. 
Pope,  who  was  at  the  Council  which  formed  the  Diocese 
of  Minnesota,  and  at  present  is  its  senior  white  presbyter, 
with  Mr.  Lightner,  (iovernor  Merriam,  Mr.  F.  O.  Osborne.  Mr. 
W.  K.  Peet,  Mr.  J.  J.  Hill,  Mr.  Ruben  Warner,  and  a  host  of 
others  did  all  possible  to  make  the  Convention,  from  a  Min- 
nesota churchman's  point  of  view,  one  of  which  this  whole 
state  could  be  proud.  The  women  of  the  Church  entered  into 
the  spirit  of  the  work  with  an  enthusiasm  which  was  above 
praise.  No  event  in  the  churchmanship  of  the  West  ever  saw 
a  like  resolution  to  do  all  that  could  be  done  to  make  the 
Convention  one  whose  memor\'  would  never  be  for<rotten. 


d-^ 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


As  the  time  drew  near  for  the  opening  service,  hundreds 
of  letters,  making  all  kinds  of  needful  enquiries,  were  received; 
telegrams  came  thick  and  fast,  all  of  which  had  been  antici- 
pated. "Rooms  and  board"  were  required.  A  list  of  all 
available  rooms,  and  the  prices  thereof,  with  or  without  board, 
was  on  flic;  printed  circulars  had  been  circulated,  asking  those 
who  had  such  accommodations  to  offer  to  inform  the  committee. 
Some  deputies  wanted  to  go  to  hotels,  some  to  rent  flats,  one 
or  two  a  large  house;  Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan  lived  in  the  F.  C. 
Pillsbury  residence,  and  entertained  all  through  the  Convention. 
No  question  came  to  hand  which  could  not  be  answered.  The 
proprietors  of  hotels,  the  railway  officials,  the  Public  Library 
Board,  through  the  librarian.  Dr.  Hosmer,  the  Commercial  Club, 
the  Mayor  of  the  city,  Mr.  Robert  Pratt,  private  citizens  of 
every  name, — all  did  their  best.  Many  offered  hospitality  with 
a  cheerful  mind;  carriages  were  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the 
committee.  Gethsemane  Church  had  galleries  put  in  for  the 
Convention.  St.  Mark's  Church  was  made  ready  for  all  pos- 
sible service  ;  its  parish  house,  which  was  erected  in  memory 
of  good  T.  B.  Welles,  the  rector  who  preceded  Rev.  H.  P. 
Nicholls,  was  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  diocesan  officers 
of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary;  the  women  of  St.  Paul  and  of  Minne- 
apolis, and  other  parts  of  the  state,  will  long  remember  with 
exquisite  pleasure  the  happy  friendships  formed  here.  Women 
met  who  had  long  known  each  other  as  fellow-laborers  in  the 
Missionary  work.  The  wives  of  clergymen  met  diocesan  officers 
from  all  parts  of  the  Church,  and  compared  notes,  so  great 
educational  work  was  done.  The  first  delegate  in  the  city  was 
Rev.  Mr.  Garrett,  from  far  away  Seattle,  Washington.  With 
him  was  his  friend.  Rev.  W.  M.  Jefferies,  D.  D.  from  Tacoma. 
On  the  Saturday  before  the  Convention  opened,  several  Deputies 
and  visitors  arrived,  amongst  whom  were  Rev.  Dr.  McKim  and 
wife,  who  stayed  at  the  West  Hotel.  The  good  doctor  preached 
at  St.  Andrews  Church  a  sermon  which  set  a  very  high  spirit- 
ual mark.  Tuesday  trains  arrived  full  of  Bishops,  Clergy,  lay 
deputies,  officials  in  the  Church,  and  persons  who  desired  to 
see  the  opening  services.  At  every  depot  were  members  of 
the  Reception  Committee,  waiting  to  be  useful;  all  began  in 
gladness,  and  so  continued  to  the  end. 


Rt.  Rev.  Arthur  Cleveland  Coxe,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


CHAPTER   III. 

TiiK  Opening  Day  of  the  Convention. 

f  N  Minneapolis  all  was  astir  betimes;  representative  Church 
*  people  from  every  part  of  the  State  had  come  to  witness 
a  service  which  was  to  be  one  of  the  most  memorable  in  their 
lives.  Early  in  the  morning  carriages  might  be  seen  going 
toward  Gethsemane.  As  many  tickets  had  been  distributed  as 
there  were  seats  in  the  Church.  Men  and  women  of  great  dis- 
tinction, some  of  whom  had  spent  long  lives  in  every  kind  of 
beneficent  labor,  for  the  spreading  of  Christ's  Kingdom,  were 
anxious  to  obtain  tickets  of  admission,  and  much  to  the  regret  of 
the  committee  of  arrangements,  they  could  not  be  admitted. 
Sight-seers  of  every  class  were  on  hand  long  before  eleven 
o'clock,  the  time  set  for  the  opening  service.  Every  available 
foot  of  the  ground  from  which  the  sight  of  the  door  of  Knicker- 
backer  Hall,  which  is  Gethsemane  Parish  House,  could  be  seen, 
was  occupied,  and  as  the  hour  of  Divine  Service  drew  near,  expec- 
tation and  desire  were  at  the  highest  pitch.  The  Bishops 
robed  in  the  hall,  the  choir  vested  in  the  Guild  Room.  Mr. 
Ncrmington,  the  parish  organist,  was  in  charge  of  the  music. 
When  the  moment  arrived  for  the  procession  to  form,  Rev.  J. 
J.  Faudc,  rector  of  the  parish,  at  the  head  of  the  choir,  led 
it.  The  men  and  boy  singers,  clad  in  snowy  surplices,  walked 
down  the  path,  and  were  followed  by  Secretary  Hart,  of  the 
House  of  Bishops,  and  Secretary  Hutchins,  the  one  in  a  "mortar- 
board" hat,  and  the  other  in  a  skull  cap. 

Then  came  the  Bishops;  in  ecclesiastical  processions,  he  that 
is  greatest  in  dignity  comes  last.  At  all  convocations  and  other 
gatherings  of  the  clergy,  the  Secretary  stands  and  calls  the 
names,  beginning  with  the  last  ordained  minister;  and  as  he  calls 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


15 


each  one,  the  person  named  takes  his  place,  thus  beginning  at 
the  newest  and  youngest  and  cncHng  at  the  last  and  most  ven- 
erable; and  as  the  presiding  Bishop  is  the  oldest  in  office,  he 
comes  last.  The  choir  had  been  carefully  trained  for  this  most 
august  occasion.  No  doubt  every  step  had  been  duly  consid- 
ered and,  when  the  moment  came,  all  moved  with  a  precision 
automatic,  self-registering  and  absolutely  perfect.  The  proces- 
sional cross  gleamed  in  the  light.  The  boys,  solemn,  reverent, 
felt,  each  one,  that  that  was  an  important  hour.  And  all  eyes 
turned  to  the  door  of  Knickerbacker  Hall.  The  first  Bishop 
who  appeared  was  F.  R.  Millspaugh,  an  old  Minneapolis  boy, 
who  had  been  trained  for  the  ministry  at  Faribault,  and  had 
been  rector  of  Brainerd  at  an  early  da}',  and,  later,  rector  of 
St.  Paul's  Church  in  Minneapolis,  where  the  Rev.  F.  T.  Webb 
now  ministers.  A  large  number  of  people  knew  him.  By  his 
side  was  Bishop  Lawrence,  of  Massachusetts,  a  son  of  Amos 
A.  Lawrence,  who  was  an  old  friend  of  Bishop  Whipple.  Then 
came  other  men,  some  of  whom  had  seen  service  in  foreign 
lands.  All  were  clean  as  sunshine  and  appeared  warm  as  its 
glow.  The  ecclesiastical  habit  was  of  different  varieties.  Many 
of  the  Bishops  added  to  purely  ecclesiastical  vestments  hoods 
indicating  their  academic  distinction. 

It  was  remarked  how  much  appearances  had  to  do  with 
impressiveness  in  public  life.  Of  the  sixty-seven  Bishops  in 
attendance  at  the  Convention,  a  very  large  proportion  of  the 
men  were  tall  and  portly,  with  whom  religion  seems  to  have 
done  excellently.  This  was  a  procession  of  highly  trained  men, 
past  grand  masters  in  most  things  that  pertain  to  the  Church 
of  God.  As  it  passed,  the  voice  of  a  woman  could  be  heard, 
saying  to  her  friend,  "That  is  Bishop  Graves,  of  the  Platte,  the 
former  rector  of  Gethsemane,"  or,  "There  is  Bishop  Gilbert," 
or  some  other  well  known  prelate.  Every  eye  within  seeing 
distance  was  turned  to  a  sight,  the  like  of  which  it  is  certain 
will  not  be  repeated  in  this  State,  in  the  lives  of  the  elder 
generation  of  men  and  women  who  beheld  it.  The  j'ounger 
men  marched  with  a  dignified,  solemn,  reverent,  and  firm,  elastic 
step;  one  thought  of  the  possible  achievement  in  store  for  them. 
As  the  mighty  men  of  the  generation  passing  came  into  view, 
men  with  venerable  faces,  calm  and  fine,  men  of  renown  in  let- 
ters   and    in    philanthropy,    for   their   judgment    or    impassioned 


36  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

eloquence,  it  was  seen  how  all  the  paths  of  glory  lead  to 
the  grave.  It  was  impossible  to  look  upon  this  procession  and 
not  see  the  elements  which  have  made  the  Anglican  Commun- 
ion the  power  it  is  in  the  English  speaking  world.  The  solid, 
yet  kindly  face  of  the  Bishop  of  New  York;  the  classic  brow 
of  Bishop  Doane,  of  Albany,  the  never-to-be-forgotten  face  of 
Bishop  Whipple,  strong  in  outline,  with  keen  penetrating  eye 
and  long  flowing  locks,  which  give  him  an  individuality  that 
when  once  seen,  can  never  be  forgotten.  The  face  of  Bishop 
Whitaker  was  so  genial  and  yet  ^self-possessed  that  one  might 
say  of  him,  "There  is  an  Israelite,  indeed,  in  whom  there  is  no 
guile."  Many  of  the  Bishops  held  in  their  hands  their  Book 
of  Common  Prayer,  the  book  they  know  so  well  and  love  so 
dearl}'.  The  organ  is  playing;  the  rector  leads  the  procession; 
the  door  of  the  Church  is  reached,  and  in  an  instant,  quick  as 
the  forked  lightning  flashes  across  the  sky,  sounded  one  volume 
of  glorious  song. 

"Forward  be  our  watchword, 
Steps  and  voices  join." 

The  sacred  edifice  rang.  Every  note  sounded  distinct,  and 
full  and  clear.  To  every  imaginative  mind  in  that  crowded 
congregation  the  glorious  achievements  and  future  conquests  of 
the  Church  stood  revealed.  And  when  the  chancel  was  reached 
and  the  sound  of  the  song  had  died  away,  were  seen  in  the 
chancel  these  Bishops,  whose  one  thought  was  that  of  worship; 
Bishop  Whipple  was  celebrant,  the  Bishop  of  Rupertsland  and 
Bishop  Nccly,  of  Maine,  took  part  in  the  services.  The  dep- 
uties and  delegates,  lay  and  clerical,  joined  in  the  Holy  Com- 
munion, and  the  great  Bishop  Coxe,  of  Western  New  York, 
preached  the  opening  sermon.  His  Christian  Ballads  arc  the 
sweetest  and  the  best  yet  produced  on  this  American  soil. 
His  knowledge  of  letters  and  literature,  of  sacred  and  profane 
history,  his  intense  consecration,  his  mastery  of  subjects  ecclesi- 
astical, and  his  impassioned  eloquence,  have  made  him  easil)- 
one  of  the  foremost  men  in  the  religious  world  of  America 
to-day.  The  text  was  from  The  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  Chapter 
26,  Verse  2  :  "  The  Disciples  were  first  called  Christians  in 
Antioch."      After  a  brief  introduction,  the  preacher  said: 


HISTORY  OF  OBNERAL  CONVENTION.  37 

The  Catholic  Reli(;ion  for  the  American  People. 
T/w  discip/cs  ivfir  called  Christians  i?i  Antioch.-  Acis  ii.  26. 

Brethren,  beloved  in  the  Lord,  you  are  here  to  endow  \our 
country  with  the  Nicene  Faith  and  with  the  Catholic  religion. 
It  is  yours  to  reconstruct  a  chaotic  and  inorganic  Christianity 
— to  enrich  the  people  with  the  Athanasian  idea  of  God;  with 
the  institutes  of  Church  polity  formulated  by  C}'prian;  with 
those  principles  of  the  primitiv^e  Christianity  which  Franklin 
eulogized  as  fundamental  for  civil  constitutions.  All  these  have 
been  commended  to  American  thought  by  patriotic  and  learned 
Americans.*  Oh!  the  duties  and  privileges  which  are  ours  in 
this  ancient  communion,  in  this  Church  of  Bede  and  Alcuin,  of 
Oswald  and  of  Alfred;  of  the  grand  succession  of  Bishops  and 
presbyters  who,  with  faithful  laymen,  laid  the  foundation  of 
English  and  American  freedom,  and  whose  lives  and  characters 
were  reproduced  in  our  Colonial  presbyters  and  lait\',  in  our 
Washington  and  Ja\',  our  White  and  Seabury,  in  our  Hobart 
and  Whittingham,  our  Ravenscrott  and  Atkinson,  our  Muhlen- 
berg and  Tucker! 

I  give  you  jo}'  of  \'Our  glorious  calling  to  enter  into  their 
labors,  and  to  perpetuate  their  triumphs  as  soldiers  of  the  Cross. 
In  life,  in  death,  and  forevermore,  ma\'  we  be  good  and  faithful 
servants,  like  these  from  whom  we  have  derived  the  unspeak- 
able blessing  of  our  hoh'  religion! 

I.  Discipleship.  If  we  are  Christians  like  those  at  .\ntioch, 
it  is  because  we,  like  tliem,  are  "disciples,"  instructed  b\'  the 
lix'cly  oracles  wherein  is  the  pattern  of  the  ?\Iount.  To  get 
the  .Scriptures  first  and  then  to  understand  them  aright,  we 
must  be  "followers  of  the  Churches  of  God,"  which  in  judeaf 
were  made  the  normal  example  for  conformit\%  and  a  tribunal 
of  appeal  against  innox'ation.  Concerning  all  no\elties  in  faith 
it  is  enough  to  say:  "We  have  no  such  cuotom,  neither  the 
Churches  of  God."  By  this  rule  was  recognized  and  settled 
the  Canon  of  the  New  Testament  Scriptures,  and  b\'  the  same 
rule  must  be  accepted  the  Apostolic  Episcopate.  The  maxim 
of  X'incent  of  Lerins  is  .Scriptural  in  all  its  points.  The  un- 
alterable Creed  is  "the  faith  once  delivered  to  the  saints,"  and 
that   only    is    Catholic    in    doctrine    and    discipline    which    goes 

*I  refer  to  John   I'iskc,  Jcflerson,  ami    Iir.    I'ranklin.  f  I  Thess.,  ii.  14-. 


38  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTION. 

back  to  Antioch.  Not  by  local  example  of  any  patriarchal  see, 
not  by  general  acceptance  in  Orient  or  Occident  severally,  but 
by  Christians  "cver\'\vhcre."  Not  by  some  Christians  every- 
where, but  "by  all"  the  faithful  in  all  the  Churches.  Not  for  any 
matter,  however  good  in  itself,  can  Catholicity  be  claimed,  if  it 
cannot  stand  this  crucial  test — "always."  Nothing  can  be  im- 
posed upon  or  required  of  any,  as  terms  of  Catholic  commun- 
ion, which  is  not  sustained  by  these  three  conditions.  Noth- 
ing, therefore,  which  falls  short  of  even  one  of  them  can  be 
Catholic.  The  Q^/od  Semper  is  therefore  the  ultimate  rule. 
For  Catholicity  dates  from  Jerusalem  and  Antioch,  and  every 
thing  that  claims  such  character  must  be  historically  proved  as 
a  doctrine,  as  a  rule  of  worship,  that  was  always  received  by  the 
consent  of  all.  In  the  earliest  legislation  at  Nicaea,  the  Gospels 
were  enthroned,  in  token  of  the  presence  of  the  Holy  Ghost, 
Christ's  only  Vicar;  and  this  was  the  absolute  law— viz,  "Let  the 
ancient  customs  prevail."  The  Nicene  Creed  meets  these  con- 
ditions. A  novel  Creed,  manufactured  by  a  spurious  Council 
only  three  hundred  years  ago,  is  therefore  a  mere  counterfeit. 
To  call  it  Catholic  is  a  vulgar  misnomer.  Instead  of  "always," 
it  is  of  yesterday.  Instead  of  "everywhere,"  it  is  local.  Instead 
of  "by  all,"  it  is  the  product  of  a  lawless  conventicle  of  Italians. 
In  America  it  has  no  claim  to  missions;  and  we  are  here  to 
show  in  glorious  contrast  what  Catholicity  means,  and  who  are 
the  Catholics. 

This  majestic  word  "Catholicity"  is  what  the  Apostles  "or- 
dained everywhere  in  all  the  churches."  Or,  again,  it  means 
what  St.  Paul  reduced  to  a  pattern  in  himself  and  Apollos,* 
whose  example  was  also  that  of  other  Apostles;  so  that  he 
could  sa}',  over  and  again,  "Be  followers  of  me,  even  as  I  of 
Christ."  And  against  all  novelties  in  religion,  how  comprehen- 
sive he  makes  this  rule  when  he  adds:  "that  ye  might  learn  in 
us  not  to  think  above  that  which  is  written!"  "Written,"  that 
is,  in  my  Epistle,  and  in  what  I  now  reduce  to  a  proverb — to 
wit:  "Be  not  puffed  up,  one  against  another."  He  refers  to 
what  he  had  just  said  before,  in  strong  reproof:  "Every  one 
of  you  saith,  I  am  of  Paul,  and  I  of  Cephas,  and  I  of  Christ. 
Is  Christ  divided?"  There  was  no  sect  in  Antioch  when  the 
disciples  were  first  called  Christians.       Nor  can    there    ever    be 

*I  Cor.  IV,  6. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  39 

any  unity  where  one  sets  himself  up  as  a  separatist,  on  pretext 
of  Peter  against  Paul,  while  another  boasts  himself  as  exclu- 
sively of  Christ.  Catholicity  means  the  "Word  of  God,"  and 
the  "Way  of  God."  What,  then,  does  the  text  teach  us,  if  not 
that  the  disciples  of  Antioch  were  Catholic  and  Apostolic,  and 
that  such  should  ever  be  the  people  called  Christians? 

2.  "Called  Christians."  Here  is  the  glorious  idea  of  Christ- 
endom. Let  me  linger  a  while  on  the  almost  confounding 
thoughts  suggested  by  the  conjunction  of  such  names  as  Anti- 
och and  Minneapolis,  the  Mississippi  and  the  Orontes.  What 
a  geographical  marvel!  or,  historically,  what  a  composite  of 
novelty,  raw  and  recent,  with  antiquity,  the  most  stale  and 
effete!  But  how  much  it  is  a  greater  thing  to  recite  the 
Psalter  here,  or  here  to  rehearse  the  Nicene  Creed,  than  ever 
it  was  in  S\'ria  or  Bith\'nia!  With  us  is  the  triumphant  fact. 
There  it  was  but  the  "patience  of  hope."  For  them,  Catho- 
licity was  a  limited  expression.  The  "ends  of  the  earth"  meant 
the  Ganges  on  one  side,  and  the  Pillars  of  Hercules  on  the 
other.  But  here,  nineteen  hundred  years  later,  in  regions 
remote  beyond  their  utmost  dream,  and  which,  with  domains 
yet  farther  West,  have  been  added  to  Christendom  within  our 
own  lifetime-  here  with  what  rapture  the  Militant  Church  may 
sing:  "His  dominion  shall  be  from  sea  to  sea;  from  the  river 
unto  the  ends  of  the  earth;  and  all  the  earth  shall  be  filled 
with  His  majesty!"  Yes,  and  with  what  a  shout  should  we  add 
the  Psalmist's  response:    "Amen  and  amen!" 

To  these  ejaculations  are  appended  remarkable  words:  "The 
l^raj'crs  of  David  the  son  of  Jesse  are  ended."  Is  this  but  a 
leaden  note — a  mere  colophon  to  signif}-  the  exhaustion  of  the 
poet,  or  the  close  of  his  contributions  to  Holy  Writ?  Nay, 
rather,  they  are  a  golden  climax — "words  that  burn;"  but  more, 
they  are  "thoughts  that  breathe."  They  are  inspiration  super- 
lati\'ely  uplifted.  The  wings  of  the  Heavenly  Dove  hover 
oxer  the  singer  as  he  turns  from  his  harp,  and,  like  the  floods, 
claps  his  hands  with  reiterated  "Amens."  I  venture  to  inter- 
pret this  solemn  epigraph  b\-  what  an  P^nglish  poet  imagines 
in  a  far  less  majestic  conception.  A  bard  is  foretelling  the 
progress  and  unconquerable  mastcr\-  of  poesy  over  mind. 
Like  the  sib\'l,  he  is  in  a  frenzy  of  foresight.  He  sees  and 
hears  something  that  strikes  him  dumb.     In    prophetic    rapture 


40  IITSTORV  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTIOX. 

there  come  to  him,  from  the  far  future,  the  l}'ric  notes  of  bards 
unborn.     Indistinct,   indeed,  and  from  utmost    realms — 

"  Their  distant  warblings  lessen  on  his  ear, 
And,  lost  in  long  fnturity,  expire." 

So  Kint;  l)a\id.  He  has  outlined  the  eternal  Empire  of  his 
greater  Son.  He  has  foreseen  and  heard  before,  in  prophetic 
inspiration,  something  of  the  Tc  Deiim,  or  the  Creed  of  the 
Christian  Church.  What  he  has  prayed  for  and  foretold  is 
more  than  realized:  "All  the  earth  shall  be  filled  with  His 
majesty."  Yes;  but  what  is  this?  Suddenly,  from  far  beyond 
the  capes  of  Europe  and  Africa,  from  over  wastes  of  waters, 
there  come  upon  his  ear,  out  of  "long  futurity"— perhaps  our 
own  worship  of  this  day — the  hymns  and  confessions  of  a 
people  which  was  "to  be  born,  whom  the  Lord  hath  made." 
He  is  overwhelmed  by  what  he  foresees,  and  faints  in  his  mar- 
vellous illumination.  He  seems,  like  the  Apostle,  "caught  up 
into  Paradise:" 

"Visions  of  glor}^  spare  my  aching  sight! 
Ye  unborn  ages,  crowd  not  on  my  soul!" 

The  daughter  of  David  shall  take  uj)  his  forsaken  harp  and 
tell  the  rest  in  her  Magnificat ;  but  "the  prayers  of  David  the 
son  of  Jesse  are  ended."     He  can  say  no    more. 

3.  "Antioch,"  savs  the  text.  It  surprises  us  at  first  that 
the  Holy  City  should  so  soon  give  place  to  the  wicked  capital 
of  the  Seleucids,  and  this  be  made  by  Apostolic  inspiration  the 
radiating  centre  of  the  Gospel.  But  consider  what  this  im- 
plies. The  Apostles'  task  was  the  pulling  down  of  strong- 
holds, the  taming  of  barbarians  to  submit  to  the  easy  yoke  of 
Christ.  This  movement  indicates  their  reliance  upon  the  power 
of  the  Spirit,  and  a  sublime  confidence  in  their  resources  as 
partakers  of  His  manifold  gifts.  They  begin  with  the  citadel 
of  Asiatic  infamies,  where  priests  like  those  of  Astarte  and  of 
Moloch  still  disseminated  the  doctrines  of  devils  and  multiplied 
their  lascivious  and  cruel  devotions.  Even  the  city  of  the 
Caesars  was  less  pestilential  than  the  Syrian  metropolis.  The 
Latin  satirist,  as  you  recollect,  affects  to  regard  the  Tiber  as 
fouled  from  the  Orontes,  which  poured  into  Rome  a  torrent  of 
foreign  pollutions  worse  than  any  influx  that  had  defiled  it 
before.      Antioch  was  indeed  the  sewer    of   the    Eastern    races, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTIOX.  4 1 

conccntratinc^  all  the  abominations  which  Joshua  was  sent  to 
punish.  Their  Greek  culture  had  degenerated  into  effeminacy, 
and  a  Babel  of  mongrel  populations,  in  their  barbarous  dialects, 
continual!}'  offended  the  Most  High  b}-  religious  rites  which 
were  blasphemies.  But  St.  Luke's  own  calling  was  that  of  the 
heroic  profession  which  seeks  the  raging  epidemic,  and  he  well 
understood  the  principle  of  the  great  Healer,  "They  that  are 
whole  have  no  need  of  a  physician,  but  they  that  are  sick." 
With  what  intrepid  faith  in  the  salt  of  the  Gospel  the  little 
company  of  Apostolic  missionaries  undertook  a  healing  of  the 
waters  at  the  sources!  From  the  port  of  Antioch  issued  the 
mission  of  Barnabas  and  Saul,  and  soon  the  Tiber  itself  ran 
limpid  from  the  infusion.  Seek  no  further  the  solution  of  the 
paradox,  when  we  reflect  how  soon,  in  spite  of  persecutions 
most  cruel  and  persistent,  Antioch  realizes  Samson's  riddle: 
"Out  of  the  eater  comes  forth  meat,  and  sweetness  from  that 
which  was  rank."  In  immediate  succession  to  the  Apostolic 
age,  it  had  for  its  bishop,  Ignatius,  the  dauntless  martyr,  who 
goes  triumphing  to  Rome,  to  be  thrown  to  the  lions  in  the 
Coliseum.  There,  too,  St.  Chrysostom  succeeds  him,  and 
preaches  under  the  shadow  of  Mt.  Silpius,  where  the  Christian 
oblation  has  deposed  the  idolatrous  incense  of  which  the  last 
whiff  had  been  wafted  from  its  summit — the  expiring  breath  of 
an  extinguished  Poh'theism. 

4.  Reflect,  moreover,  that  the  Judaism  which  .St.  James  was 
burying  with  honor,  in  Jerusalem,  was  now  to  give  place  to 
Catholicity.  Bloody  sacrifices  were  to  \anish  before  the  Euch- 
arist. I  say  the  Holy  Eucharist,  viewed  in  its  liturgic  features— 
Godward — and  not  merely  in  its  administration — manward;  for 
in  Antioch,  fulfilling  the  prophecy  of  Malachi  concerning  the 
universal  worship  of  the  New  Testament,*  their  prophets  and 
teachers  fasted  and  "ministered  unto  the  Lord."  The  "times 
of  the  Gentiles"  were  thus  inaugurated.  When  we  recall  the 
tenacity  of  life  with  which  the  perishing  ritual  of  the  Law  en- 
cumbered and  hindered  the  growth  of  the  (jospel  how  even 
the  blessed  Peter,  forgetting  his  miraculous  discipline  at  Joppa, 
was  proved  deficient  in  the  plenitude  of  that  anointing  which 
was  the  singular  endowment  of  the  Apostle  of  the  Gentiles; 
when  we  reflect    how    Cephas    was    rebuked    b\'  that  "vessel    of 

*Mal.  i.  11,  .\cts  xiii.  2,  and  St.  John  iii.  23. 


42  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

election"  whose  patriarchate  we  are  illustrating  by  our  presence 
here,  and  are  extending  from  California  to  China  and  Japan,  and 
when  we  take  to  heart  this  glorious  idea  of  a  religion  in  its 
cradle  of  which  the  scope  and  promised  empire  was  the  uni- 
verse— Antioch  startles  no  more.  The  Jew  and  the  Greek  were 
already  one  in  the  Catholic  Church.  Of  St.  Peter's  primacy  in 
the  Apostolic  College,  while  yet  the  Gospel  was  to  the  Jew 
first,  as  afterward  to  the  Gentile,  this  was  the  consummation. 
To  Cephas  was  now  adjudged  the  limited  apostleship  of  the 
Circumcision,  and  while  St.  James  presided  at  Jerusalem,  he 
took  his  way  over  the  great  road  that  opened  from  Syria  to  the 
Euphrates,  where  he  ministered  to  Parthians  and  Medes  and 
Elamites,  whom  he  had  baptised  at  the  first  Pentecost.  From 
Babylon  he  dates  his  letter  to  Hebrews  of  the  Dispersion  in 
Asia  Minor.  In  another,  who  was  "not  a  whit  behind  this 
chiefest  of  the  Apostles,"  in  one  who  has  been  last,  were  now 
fulfilled  Christ's  words,  and  St.  Paul  was  made  first.  To  him, 
in  world-wide  commission,  all  the  Gentiles  were  committed  by 
the  Master  Himself.  It  is  he  who  plants  the  Cross  on  the 
Acropolis.  It  is  his  to  gather  the  inorganic  congregation  of 
Jews  and  proselytes  in  Italy,  and  to  found  the  Church  upon  the 
Palatine.  He  presses  to  the  utmost  bounds  of  the  West — evan- 
gelizes Spain,  and,  either  personally  or  by  his  immediate  con- 
verts, makes  even  Britain  a  trophy  of  the  Cross.  To  him  our 
own  and  all  the  Latin  Churches,  with  the  possible  exception  of 
Milan,  trace  their  origin.  To  him  we  owe  it,  in  the  far-reaching 
purpose  of  the  Master,  that  we  are  Christians  and  are  gathered 
here  to-day,  where  the  name  of  this  Apostle  is  so  providentially 
set  in  the  adjacent  city  of  St.  Paul.  Let  it  remind  us  that  the 
vast  Catholic  communion  of  which  we  are  members  is  pre-emin- 
ently the  Pauline  school  of  the  modern  age.  Such  it  will  prove 
itself,  I  trust  in  God,  in  the  century  which  is  •  about  to  open. 
And  as  it  will  open  with  many  tokens  of  promise  and  hope  to 
all  mankind,  let  it  be  our  sole  ambition  in  this  council  in  all 
humility  to  do  our  appointed  work  and  leave  results  to  God. 
5.  Antioch  necessarily  introduces  Ignatius.  He  was  a  con- 
temporary of  the  Apostles,  and  the  earliest  witness  to  what  they 
established  as  the  constitution  of  the  Catholic  Church.  P"rom 
the  Orontes  he  follows  St.  Paul  to  the  Tiber,  preaching  the 
same  Gospel,  maintaining   the    same    system  of  corporate  unity 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  43 

which  is  embodied  in  St.  Paul's  Epistle ;  and  dying,  like  St. 
Paul,  a  witness  to  the  Roman  world,  he  is  devoured  by  wild 
beasts  in  the  Coliseum,  that  epitome  of  Rome's  grandeur  and 
her  crimes.  It  is  not  the  gladiator  that  I  see  before  me  in 
that  majestic  amphitheatre.  I  see  Christ's  martyr  —  butchered, 
indeed,  "to  make  a  Roman  holiday,"  but  a  conqueror  because 
a  victim  ;  with  his  last  breath  dooming  the  whole  estate  of  Roman 
idolatry  to  perish  where  he  died,  and  its  Caesars  to  perish  also, 
that  Christ  alone  might  reign  in  universal    empire. 

Now,  what  does  Antioch  teach  us  in  the  testimony  of  Igna- 
tius? He  teaches  the  infant  Church  to  beware  of  divisions  and 
philosophic  schools,  and  "false  brethren  unawares  brought  in." 
He  assumes  that  Christ  had  not  left  His  doctrine,  like  another 
Socrates,  to  be  shaped  by  academies  and  tortured  by  sophists, 
each  one  "drawing  disciples  after  him."  Christ  was  a  living 
King — reigning  as  the  Son  of  David,  enthroned  in  our  humanity 
in  the  heavens,  but  present  everywhere  by  His  Vicar,  the  Holy 
Ghost,  with  a  corporate  fellowship.  His  visible  Church.  The 
Apostles  were  all  gone  to  their  blest  repose,  but  the  success  of 
their  institutions  was  now  apparent  in  the  organized  unity  of  all 
the  Churches.  The  martyr  warns  them  against  factions  and 
separatists.  In  his  view,  bishops,  presbyters,  and  deacons  were 
the  Lord's  gifts  unto  men  for  the  work  of  the  ministry.  In 
steadfast  communion  with  these,  the  believer  is  safe  in  the  body 
of  Christ — a  body  "fitly  joined  together,  and  compacted  in  every 
part."  In  antagonism  to  the  sect-spirit,  and  the  individualism 
of  "many  masters,"  here  is  the  Church-idea,  and  it  comes  to 
us  from  primitive  Antioch.  Our  only  Master  is  Christ,  His 
only  Vicar  the  Holy  Ghost,  speaking  infallibly  in  the  Holy 
Scriptures,  of  which  the  witness  and  keeper  is  the  Apostolic 
Church.  In  that  one  communion,  every  local  church  holding 
the  one  Lord,  one  Faith,  one  Baptism,  professes  the  faith  once 
delivered  to  the  saints,  which  is  unchangeable  and  always  to  be 
maintained  by  fidelity  to  the  great  canon:  "But  ye,  beloved, 
remember  the  words  which  were  spoken  before  of  the  Apostles 
of  Christ."  In  the  second  epistle  of  St.  Peter,  and  in  the  P2pistle 
of  St.  Jude,  we  have  the  same  rule  of  faith  which  is  formulated 
by  St.  Vincent  of  Lerins:  "The  Holy  Scriptures  as  interpreted 
always,  everywhere,  and  by  all."  This  is  the  Gospel  once  de- 
livered, and  not  to  be  altered.      \Vc  arc  here  to    reassert  these 


44  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

principles,  as  those  more  or  less  forcibly  asserted  by  Anglicans 
from  the  earliest  times  and  finally  made  the  base  of  that  Catho- 
lic restoration  which  was  effected  by  martyrs  and  confessors  in 
the  sixteenth  century. 

If  an  angel  from  heaven  should  presume  to  pervert  the 
Apostolic  Gospel,  or  to  preach  any  other  than  that  which  he 
had  preached,  "let  him  be  anathema,"  says  St.  Paul;  and,  waxing 
warm  over  the  very  thought,  he  affirms  that  they  had  received 
the  whole  Gospel,  and  reiterates  this  terrible  anathema.  One 
word  about  this  form  of  inspired  discipline.  It  is  borrowed 
from  Antioch.  In  his  First  Epistle  to  the  Corinthians,  he  sub- 
joins his  characteristic  autograph,  and  as  a  token  that  it  is  Paul 
that  is  speaking,  and  none  other  than  the  missionary  from 
Antioch,  he  adopts  an  Aramaic  formula,  learned  in  the  Church 
of  the  first  Christians.  As  if  Mount  P^bal  rang  again,  he  sub- 
joins: "If  any  man  love  not  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  let  him  be 
a)iathc»ia  marain-atJia!'  May  the  city  of  St.  Paul,  in  Minnesota, 
be  a  witness  forever  to  the  corner-stone  of  all  truth  of  which 
this  Apostolic  commination  is  the  eternal  safeguard. 

6.  "  Physician,  heal  thyself. "  I^verybody  has  a  right  to 
rebuke  our  inefficienc}-,  and  the  manifold  defects  of  our  char- 
acter, as  stewards  of  such  ineffable  treasures,  which  it  is  our 
dut}'  to  give  to  all  people.  Faithful  are  such  wounds  ;  let  us 
accept  them  always.  God  forgive  us  !  We  are  unprofitable 
servants,  and  deserve  such  censure  as  Christ  Himself  uttered 
against  Laodicea.  But  even  Laodicea  had  all  that  Christ  be- 
stowed upon  the  Apostles  and  their  successors  with  the  keys 
of  the  Kingdom,  and  this  American  Church  has  the  same.  Let 
us  "be  zealous  and  repent,"  and  we,  too,  shall  be  blest  with  all 
that  was  promised  to  Philadelphia  by  the  Head  of  the  Church. 
No  abuse  of  the  powers  so  solemnly  bestowed,  no  enormities  by 
which  they  have  been  made  to  minister  to  sin  and  not  to 
edification,  no  corruptions  by  which  they  have  been  defiled,  in 
any  wise  render  it  less  our  duty,  but  rather  the  reverse,  to  bear 
our  testimon}'  as  His  Apostles  did  from  the  beginning.  Teach- 
ing the  PLphesians,  St.  Paul  could  affirm  that  he  had  "  kej)t  back 
nothing  profitable."  The  Christians  of  Antioch  were  not  too 
proud  to  be  learners  ;  they  were  "  the  disciples."  When  men 
find  "  the  Word  of  God,"  they  become  practical  Christians  by 
learning    "the    way    of    God."       Both    are    clearly  revealed  and 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  45 

closely  conjoined  in  vScriptures  ;  in  the  two  together  we  have 
the  Catholic  religion.  "Go  and  make  disciples" — there  is  our 
commission  ;  and  we  are  here  to  fulfill  it.  Americans  are  largely 
a  Christian  people,  blessed  with  the  Scriptures,  and  with  many 
an  eloquent  and  mighty  Apollos  to  teach  them  much  of  its 
practical  meaning.  But  as  to  the  "  way  of  God  "  they  are  at 
the  mercy  of  many  masters  cr}'ing:  "  I.o,  here,  and  lo,  there!" 
It  is  our  mission  to  persuade  them,  as  Aquila  and  Priscilla  did 
a  greater  preacher  than  all  their  eloquent  doctors,  to  sit  at  the 
feet  even  of  mere  catechists  who  can  teach  them  "  the  way  of 
God  more  pcrfectl}^" 

And  for  this  sort  of  catechetical  work  we  are  well  prepared. 
We  are  a  royal  priesthood,  and  every  man,  woman,  and  child 
among  us  has  a  means  at  hand  by  which  Apollos  can  be  mag- 
nified from  a  herald  merely  preaching  the  Gospel  into  something 
like  St.  Paul,  who  asserts  that  he  is  a  "priest  sacrificially  minis- 
tering the  Gospel  "  as  well  as  preaching  it."*  Here  is  the  Book 
of  Common  Prayer.  I  affirm,  what  nobody  can  logicall}'  refute, 
that  as  a  practical  compend  of  the  Catholic  religion,  whole  and 
entire,  it  is  the  grandest,  clearest,  and  most  comprehensive 
answer  that  can  be  given  to  every  one  that  asketli.  What  and 
where  is  the  Catholic  religion  ?  PLverybody  that  uses  it  and 
loves  it,  even  if  deficient  in  appreciation  of  the  fact,  is  a  Cath- 
olic Christian  ;  if  he  does  so  as  an  intelligent  and  well-instructed 
Christian,  he  is  a  Catholic  theologian  of  no  mean  attainments. 
And  every  such  Christian  who  knows  how  to  commend  it  to 
others,  and  who  does  so  by  his  holy  living  and  beneficent  works 
of  faith,  is,  like  Aquila  and  Priscilla,  a  Catholic  missionary, 
speaking  the  truth  in  love  and  persuading  all  Christians  to  return 
to  the  Apostolic  traditions  for  which  St.  Paul  pleads:  "Speak- 
ing the  same  things,  and  striving  together  for  the  faith  of  the 
Gospel."  Blessed  Lord  !  how  can  any  Christian,  in  view  of  the 
inefficiency,  the  scattering  and  waste  of  forces  which  disgrace 
American  Christianity,  withhold  iiis  heart  and  hand  from  this 
work  of  restoration  ? 

7.  Among  Christians  who  have  received  like  precious  faith 
with  us,  and  who  accept  with  us  the  Scriptures,  the  Creed,  the 
sacraments,  what  hinders  a  return  to  unity  ?  Is  it  not,  when 
reduced  to  ultimate  analysis,  the  love  of  father  and  mother,  of 

*See  the  Revised  Version,  but  esjiccially  the  Greek  of  Rom.  xv,  16. 


46  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

kinsfolk  and  acquaintance  —  in  short,  of  personal  relations — a 
love  so  amiable,  dutiful  and  praiseworthy  in  itself  that  nobody 
can  marvel  at  it,  much  less  censure  it,  save  only  when  the  love 
of  Christ  constrains  us  to  love  Him  more  than  all  these?  For 
suppose  Christian  unity  could  regain  all  the  resources  of  men 
and  means  now  engaged  in  local  rivalries,  if  not  in  wraths, 
strifes,  and  pernicious  emulations  ;  suppose  it  might  show  all 
our  faith  and  works  concentrated  on  the  evangelization  of  the 
heterogeneous  populations  of  our  great  republic  :  —  who  can 
refrain  from  the  conviction  that  angels  would  sing  alleluias  over 
thousands  born  in  a  day,  instead  of  only  now  and  then,  here 
and  there,  "  over  one  sinner  that  repenteth  ?" 

The  irreligion  and  destitution  of  millions,  for  which  Christians 
are  largely  responsible,  may  react  on  us,  and  quench  our  candle, 
if  it  be  not  taken  from  under  the  bushel  where  we  hide  it.  We 
place  a  dozen  preachers  in  one  petty  village,  and,  for  want  of 
the  superfluous  eleven,  leave  as  many  of  our  newer  settlements 
without  any  ministrations  whatever.  Even  in  our  older  states 
the  farming  districts  are  lapsing  into  utter  indifference  and 
neglect  of  religion.  The  last  days  seem  to  have  come,  and 
"the  perilous  times"  are  upon  us.  The  Apostle's  terrible  por- 
traiture of  final  apostasy  is  paralleled  by  what  comes  to  us  in 
journals  as  every  day's  report.  Shameless  nudity  in  bathing 
and  semi-nudity  in  evening  attire,  with  lascivious  dances,  long 
banished  by  Christian  decorum  from  social  life,  are  flagrantly 
characteristic  of  American  manners.  Suicides,  murders,  out- 
rages too  awful  to  be  named  ;  scandalous  marriages  ;  husbands 
and  wives  slaying  each  other,  or  seeking  divorces  which  even 
heathen  lawgivers  would  not  tolerate  ;  the  decay  of  family  ties, 
beginning  with  "disobedience  to  parents,"  and  the  loss  of  "nat- 
ural affection  ;"  all  this  leading  to  scorn  of  law,  contempt  for 
magistrates,  lawless  revenges,  and  cruel  retributions  ;  the  decay 
of  conscience  in  public  men  ;  the  corruption  of  whole  legis- 
latures ;  socialistic  anarchy  and  threats  of  a  warfare  upon  society, 
with  torch  and  dynamite,  and  with  nameless  inventions,  the 
product  of  our  boasted  science — such  are  the  staple  of  journal- 
ism of  which  the  constant  "  evil  communications  corrupt  good 
manners,"  or  aggravate  what  is  already  bad.  Worse  than  all, 
in  some  respects,  is  the  chronic  cowardice  which  has  settled 
upon  men    who    should    be    watchmen  to  discover  and    martyrs 


HrSTORV  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  47 

to  reform.  To  what  are  we  drifting  so  rapidly  ?  "  Behold  a 
nation,"  says  one,  "  rotten  before  it  is  ripe."  A  critic  of  im- 
mense credit  heretofore  has  said:  "All  canvas  and  no  ballast;" 
and  he  predicts  a  total  wreck. 

But  I  am  not  a  pessimist.  Remembering  the  ten  righteous 
who  might  have  saved  Sodom,  in  answer  to  the  intercessions 
of  one  faithful  "friend  of  God,"  why  despair  of  a  country  where 
millions  intercede,  and  are  among  the  salt  of   the  earth? 

8.  The  most  rabid  of  our  antagonists,  the  brilliant  but  fan- 
atical De  Maistre,  in  words  which  are  now  familiar  to  us  all, 
recognized  the  Anglican  communion  as  the  motive-power  in 
Christendom  from  which  restored  unity  must  proceed.  The 
movement  he  predicted  has  begun.  The  Lambeth  appeal  has 
reached  the  Christian  conscience  in  many  lands.  But  it  was  mod- 
estly instituted  by  us,  in  Chicago,  nine  years  ago.  It  is,  there- 
fore, our  mission  to  keep  it  before  the  Christians  of  our  beloved 
country.  We  speak  to  the  best  and  wisest  and  most  learned 
men  in  the  nation,  who  though  great  and  mighty  in  the  Scrip- 
tures, like  Apollos  the  eloquent  preacher,  would  yet  become 
dearer  to  Christ  if,  like  the  same  Apollos,  they  might  conde- 
scend to  sit  at  the  feet  of  Aquila,  to  learn  "the  way  of  God 
more  perfectly."  It  is  not  with  arrogance  (God  forbid!)  that 
I  venture  thus  to  put  the  case  to  men  more  learned,  more  wise, 
and  more  godly  than  myself;  men  who  stand  before  the  nation 
in  vastly  more  popular  and  intimate  relations.  Quite  the  reverse, 
God  knoweth.  It  is  just  because  they  are  all  this  that  I  en- 
treat them  to  use  their  glorious  faculties  for  the  noblest  ends, 
after  the  unselfish  example  of  the  Apostles.  Christ  can  mul- 
tiply and  feed  the  souls  of  starving  millions  out  of  the  basket 
which  a  disciple  of  Antioch  may  chance  to  bear;  but  before 
He  works  miracles  He  will  enjoin  organization.  He  will  make 
the  men  "sit  down  in  companies;"  He  will  give  apostolic  men 
to  be  their  ministers;  and,  so  brought  into  order  and  system, 
thousands  will  be  fed  who  are  famishing  now.  What  hinders? 
Are  the  unhappy  divisions  of  American  Christians  bred  of 
convictions  that  there  is  no  common  faith?  or  that  a  particular 
Gospel  is  the  heritage  of  some  one  particular  sect?  or  that  a 
divided  and  parti-colored  Gospel,  held  in  rags  and  tatters  be- 
tween them  all,  is  good  enough  for  America? 


4^  HISTORY  OP  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Is  the  seamless  raiment  thus  rent  forever?  Or.  if  it  is 
really  believed  that  we  are  substantially  one  already,  why  then 
perpetuate  divisions  that  so  absolutely  hinder  the  triumphs  of 
the  Gospel  in  foreign  missions,  and  not  less  in  our  beloved 
country? 

It  is  supposed  to  be  a  forcible  answer  when  it  is  said: 
"Very  good!  You  come  over  to  us,  and  all  will  be  well." 
But  we  are  the  only  Christians  that  never  propose  this  to  others. 
In  our  appeal  there  is  nothing  for  ourseh'es  as  a  local  Church; 
we  are  speaking  for  the  Catholic  Church  of  the  Creed.  Re- 
construct your  relations  with  that;  }'ou  will  then  vastly  out- 
number us  and  we  must  join  you;  for  we  cannot,  without  sin, 
perpetuate  separation  with  any  genuine  Catholics.  Could  any- 
thing be  more  unselfish  than  such  proposals?  If  Melanchthon, 
if  Calvin,  if  Baxter,  if  Wesley  were  living,  what  would  they 
advise  their  followers  to  do?  In  their  books  they  all  testify 
to  this  consummation  as  devoutly  to  be  desired.  To  their  honor, 
none  of  them  considered  their  reformations  as  complete.  To 
their  followers  they  becjueathed  an  unfinished  work,  with  exhor- 
tations not  to  leave  it  in  the  imperfect  state  enforced  on  them 
by  evil  days  and  cruel  wars;  nay,  in  Calvin's  instance,  with 
anathemas  on  those  who  should  refuse  a  restored  episcopate  of 
our  primitive  sort.  Everything  they  demanded  is  found  with 
us.  But  we  do  not  press  that  consideration.  The  Swedes  and 
Finlanders  and  our  venerated  Moravian  brethren  are  said  to 
possess  the  historic  episcopate.  If  their  claims  are  dubious  in 
any  degree,  turn  to  "the  Old  Catholics,"  by  whom  the  end  of 
the  controversy  on  this  matter  might  be  legitimately  supplied. 
We  do  not  covet  such  an  office:  it  would  look  ungracious  to 
propose  it;  we  sympathize  with  great  and  good  men  who  dread 
what  might  seem  to  our  countrymen  a  humiliating  surrender. 
Let  them  settle  all  these  things  for  themselves.  It  will  take 
time  to  heal  the  disorders  of  time.  But  every  step  in  the 
right  direction  draws  us  nearer  together.  Let  the  Moravians, 
for  example,  complete  the  labors  of  their  pure  and  learned  and 
lovely  De  Schweinitz,  demonstrate  the  reality  of  their  inheritance, 
and  wake  up  to  their  responsibility  for  possessing  gifts  too  long 
unvalued  and  unimparted.  They  may  be  "healers  of  the  breach 
and  restorers  of  paths  to  dwell  in."  Gracious  Lord,  what  glories 
await  such   restorers! 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  49 

9.  When  the  Synod  of  Dort  received  the  Engh'sh  Bishops 
as  visitors,  they  were  welcomed  with  lamentations  over  the  con- 
trast between  the  local  reformation  in  Holland  and  that  of  the 
English  Church,  which  was  a  restoration  to  the  primitive  Cathol- 
icity. Their  president  said:  "We,  however,  have  not  been  so 
greatly  blessed."  They  had  forfeited,  to  say  the  least,  many 
of  those  secondary  privileges  which  arc  happily  preserved  to 
us — privileges  which,  to  appropriate  the  eloquence  of  Tully,  "if 
they  be  only  regarded  as  a  refreshment  to  the  mind  and  senses, 
are  of  all  such  delights  the  most  humane  and  most  ennobling. 
No  other  pleasures  are  so  equally  suitable  to  all  places,  all  ages, 
and  all  times.  The  Prayer  Book  itself  is  a  literature  which 
educates  the  young  and  consoles  the  aged,  affords  us  the  orna- 
ment of  our  prosperity,  and  our  resources  and  consolations  in 
affliction.  The  charm  of  our  homes,  it  is  no  disadvantage 
abroad.  It  beguiles  the  watches  of  the  night;  we  take  it  with 
us  when  we  voyage;  in  our  country  retreats  of  the  summer  it 
is  our  companion  still."  Who  does  not  recognize  these,  apart 
from  higher  considerations,  as  the  rich  advantages  of  a  Church- 
man's life?  The  Synod  of  Dort  at  least  deserves  the  credit 
which  Cicero  assigns  to  some  when  he  adds:  "Ah!  if  indeed 
we  ourselves  are  not  so  blessed,  nor  permitted  to  possess  so 
much,  nevertheless,  it  is  something  to  appreciate  the  happiness 
of  others,  and  to  admire  what  we  see  them  so  richly  enjoy." 
Would  to  God  no  American  believer  had  the  misfortune  to  feel 
the  forfeiture  of  such  treasures,  and  to  adopt  the  sigh  of  Dord- 
recht: "It  is  not  ours  to  be  so  greatly  blessed!"  When  we 
reflect  on  the  poetry  of  the  Scriptures,  surely  we  must  not  be 
blamed  because  we  enjoy  in  so  many  forms  all  the  poetry  of 
Christianity.  That  great  layman  and  statesman,  Edmund  Burke, 
whose  purity  of  taste  is  sustained  in  his  "Essay  on  the  Sublime 
and  Beautiful,"  recognizes  his  Anglican  mother  as  that  King's 
daughter  who  is  "all  glorious  within,"  who  adorns  herself  ex- 
ternally with  the  chaste  ornaments  of  a  spouse  and  matron.  It 
appears,  as  he  portrays  it,  "in  buildings,  in  music,  in  decoration, 
in  speech  and  in  dignity  of  persons,  with  modest  splendor,  with 
unassuming  state,  with  mild  majesty  and  sober  pomp."  Note 
the  adjectives — "modest,"  "unassuming,"  "mild,"  and  "sober." 
Whatever  is  the  reverse  of  these  in  religion  is  meretricious:  it 
marks  the  harlot,  not  the  bride. 


50  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

We  urge  our  appeal,  it  is  true,  on  no  sentimental  grounds, 
but  because  we  retain  ordinances  of  Christ  and  of  the  original 
Christians  which  many  lack.  Who  will  deny  me  the  privilege 
of  commending  to  the  American  people  even  the  secondary 
advantages  of  Catholic  Christianity?  True  to  Christ  as  the 
atoning  Saviour,  first  of  all,  His  Church  would  be,  in  its  com- 
prehensive unity,  most  precious  as  a  standard  of  morals  and  a 
base  of  social  unity;  as  a  fortress  of  truth  against  the  assaults 
of  Jesuits  on  the  one  hand,  and  of  skeptics  on  the  other,  and, 
at  the  same  time,  as  the  only  bond  of  organic  fellowship  with 
all  historic  churches,  "if  ever  such  a  blessing  shall  be  merci- 
fully restored  to  Christendom."* 

It  is  noteworthy  that  the  eloquent  Lactantius  predicts  an 
obliteration  of  natural  beauties  from  the  earth  as  one  token  of 
the  last  days,  when  they  approach.  Look  at  the  ugliness 
inflicted  everywhere  on  natural  scenery,  and  the  wanton  injury 
done  to  the  charms  of  landscape,  by  eyesores  which  advertise 
offensively  vile  wares  of  the  market,  but  far  more  strikingly 
denote  bad  taste  and  a  lack  of  public  self-respect.  But  shall 
"  the  beauty  of  holiness "  be  banished  as  ruthlessly  ?  And 
may  we  not  love  the  worship  which  promotes  the  love  of  God 
as  our  Father,  and  of  His  Church  as  our  Mother  ?  How  blest 
would  be  the  unit}'  of  true  believers  in  America  in  keeping 
with  one  heart  and  voice  the  sweet  succession  of  feasts  and 
fasts  that  beautify  the  Christian  Year;  in  maintaining  the  unities 
of  worship  in  which  all  might  join;  in  making  every  place 
where  Christians  are  gathered  to  keep  holyday  a  common  home 
for  all;  and  finally,  in  obliterating  forever  the  hideous  aspect 
of  chaotic  sects,  by  which  the  power  of  the  Gospel  is  paralyzed 
and  the  minds  of  the  masses  so  distracted  about  the  existence 
of  truth  that  they  lapse  into  indifference  and  irreligion  !  Alas  ! 
why  should  such  scandals  be  allowed  by  a  common  Master 
and  Redeemer  ? 

10.  Do  we  dictate  as  conditions  of  fellowship  any  confessions 
or  formulas  that  go  back  no  further  than  to  the  days  of  Luther 
and  Calvin  and  Laynez  ?t  If  others  who  call  themselves  Cath- 
olics have  formulated  a  new  creed  as  necessary  to  salvation, 
and  have  added  to  it,  even  in  our  own  times,  the  most  startling 
novelties,  not  so  has  this  Church    overlaid  the    Gospel.       Main- 

*Baxter  and  the  Presbyterians  of  A.  D.  1660. 

■fLaynez  was  the  founder  of  the  modern  Roman  sect,  A.  D.  1564. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  5 1 

taining  the  succession,  with  scrupulous  fidelity  to  the  canons 
of  Niccea,  after  obtaining  it  with  conscientious  effort  against 
formidable  difficulties,  from  the  mother  Church,  which  of  all 
Churches  has  been  its  most  faithful  custodian,  we  are  the  only 
American  Christians  qualified  to  meet  the  ancient  Churches  of 
Europe  and  Asia  upon  equal  grounds  of  antiquity,  and  with 
stronger  claims  to  primitive  purity.  So  much  it  is  our  duty  to 
affirm,  not  as  our  dignity,  but  as  Christ's  fidelity  to  His  Ascension 
gifts  and  promises.  He  is  pledged  to  be  with  the  succession 
He  created  to  the  end  of  time.  Notwithstanding  our  infirmities, 
we  are,  perhaps,  not  so  far  fallen  as  those  who  "  sat  in  Moses' 
seat,"  in  the  days  when  our  Lord  Himself  referred  the  people 
to  their  testimony.  Even  then  "  salvation  was  of  the  Jews." 
In  these  days,  ours  is  the  whole  counsel  of  God  which  the 
primitive  Christians  were  charged  to  diffuse  throughout  the 
world.  Without  palliating  or  magnifying  our  faults,  let  me 
then  point  out  the  fact  of  our  fidelity  as  the  earliest  and  most 
persistent  witness  to  the  traditions  of  Antioch  on  this  continent. 

It  is  well  nigh  three  hundred  and  fifty  years  since,  for  his 
fidelity  to  Christ,  and  for  asserting  the  Catholic  faith  of  the 
Church  of  England  in  Vera  Cruz,  Robert  Thomson,  an  English 
layman,  suffered  persecution,  with  his  companions,  and  was  for 
three  years  a  prisoner  of  the  Inquisition  in  .Spain.* 

In  1557,  Wulfall  celebrated  the  Holy  Eucharist  at  the  northern 
limit  of  explorations,  a  true  hero  and  saintly  confessor,  "venturing 
his  life  for  the  profit  of  his  flock,"  of  whose  ministrations  a 
contemporary  records:  "  This  celebration  of  the  Divine  Mystery 
was  the  first  sign,  seal,  and  confirmation  of  Christ's  Name, 
Death,  and  Passion  ever  known  in  these  quarters." 

In  1579,  Francis  Fletcher  first  officiated  in  California,  in 
territory  now  covered  by  the  American  flag,  on  St.  John  Baptist's 
Day,  celebrating  the  Holy  Eucharist  and  instituting  apparently 
the  daily  service. 

Under  the  crumbling  walls  of  an  ancient  church  on  the 
James,  in  Virginia,  rests  the  body  of  Robert  Hunt,  one  of  the 
greatest  benefactors  of  the  American  people,  who  in  1608  laid 
the  foundations  there  not  only  of  this  American  Church,  but  of 
Colonial  civilization  and  of  all  that  prepared  that  "Old  Dominion" 
to  be  what  she  was  in  the  formation   of   our  Republic.      From 

•Anderson's  "Colonial  Church,"  Vol.  I,  p.  4-3. 


b- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


these  carl)'  epochs  until  now,  what  has  been  our  testimony  ? 
Have  wc  ever  worshipped  without  affirming  our  Catholic  and 
Apostolic  characters,  in  the  use  of  the  Creed?  Have  we  ever 
shut  up  the  gates  of  the  Kingdom  against  others  by  adding  to 
the  ancient  faith  any  novel  terms  of  communion? 

For  the  first  time  in  the  annals  of  our  great  triennial  council, 
wc  arc  convened  in  the  Valley  of  the  Mississippi — that  mighty 
basin  which  drains  alike  the  AUeghenies  and  the  Rockies  and 
stretches  well  nigh  a  thousand  leagues  from  East  to  West 
through  a  "  land  which  the  rivers  have  spoiled."  Looking  back 
to  a  scene  of  which  I  ventured  to  remind  our  Board  of  Missions, 
three  years  ago,  I  recur  to  it  briefly,  for  a  momentary  comparison 
of  past  and  present.  A  contemporary  of  Bishop  White  in  my 
boyhood,  I  am  spared  beyond  all  anticipation  to  refer  again  to 
him  as  I  saw  him  in  '32,  when  our  House  of  Bishops  surrounded 
their  primate  at  the  altar  of  St.  Paul's,  in  New  York — a  college 
of  apostles,  most  venerable,  indeed,  but  truly  "a  little  one"  for 
so  great  a  field.  The  eloquent  Coadjutor-Bishop  of  Pennsylvania 
was  then  reminding  them  that  there  was  "yet  very  much  land 
to  be  possessed;"  but  it  never  entered  my  imagination  that  in 
'95  the  little  one  could  have  already  become  thousands,  much 
less  that  the  same  great  triennial  council  would  be  gathered 
to-day  at  the  Falls  of  St.  Anthony,  at  that  time  rarely  heard 
of  except  as  beyond  the  limits  of  ordinary  travel  and  even  of 
adventurous  exploration.  Neither  my  good  angel  whispered, 
nor  did  any  inward  conception  of  my  own  suggest,  that  at  such 
a  date  as  this,  and  in  parts  then  unknown,  it  might  be  mine  to 
stand,  as  the  preacher  stood  that  day,  to  fulfill  a  similar  task. 
If  the  retrospect  overwhelms  me  with  personal  emotions  which 
it  would  be  unbecoming  to  particularize,  I  may  yet  give  vent 
to  my  gratitude  and  joy,  when  I  find  myself  here  speaking  to 
deputies,  lay  and  clerical,  who  represent  every  State  and  Territory 
of  the  Republic,  and  the  divers  jurisdictions  of  their  se\'eral 
l^ishops  now  conterminous  with  its  entire  domain.  And  turning 
to  you,  my  venerated  fathers  and  brethren  in  the  episcopate, 
what  do  my  eyes  behold,  under  the  presidency  of  Seabury's 
worthy^  successor — a  prelate  pre-eminently  gifted  with  many  of 
his  characteristics,  and  not  less  with  those  which  graced  the 
patriarchal  White?  Here  are  Bishops  threescore  and  ten,  whose 
zealous    ministrations    are    not    only  extended    from    Florida   to 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


DJ 


Alaska,  but  over  oceans  East  and  West,  to  Africa  and  Asia. 
In  '32  only  eight  Bishops,  all  consecrated  by  his  hands,  were 
q;rouped  about  their  president.  Foreign  missions  were  not  as 
yet  organic  features  of  our  work.  But  that  very  year  this 
fruitful  vine  beside  the  well  of  life  began  to  emulate  the  blessing 
of  Joseph,  and  now  its  "branches  run  over  the  wall."  We  are 
gathered,  then,  at  a  point  most  favorable  for  solemn  reviewals 
of  the  past,  and  I  had  almost  said  for  a  Pisgah-prospect  of  our 
future.  Here,  at  the  sources  of  that  river,  "  the  Father  of 
Waters,"  we  look  southward,  along  the  meridian  of  our  riparian 
dioceses,  toward  the  Gulf,  a  thousand  miles  below — a  monitor 
to  us  that  there  is  half  a  continent  beyond  Darien,  and  that 
the  two  Americas  must  yet  be  made  one  in  Christ,  b^  Nicene 
conformity  and  true  evangelization.  To  this  effort,  as  by  the 
man  of  Macedonia,  we  are  beckoned  by  the  Southern  Cross 
that  shines  below  the  Equator  over  redeemed  souls,  and  reminds 
us  who  dwell  under  the  Northern  Crown  that  "the  heavens 
declare  the  glory  of  God."  In  these  constellations  the  firmament 
is  lettered  as  with  the  Creed.  It  displays  the  suffering  Lamb 
of  God,  and  not  less  the  conquering  Messiah,  "  on  whose  Head 
are  many  crowns."  Here,  too,  while  the  eastward  view  of  our 
older  dioceses  helps  us  to  measure  our  progress  and  calls  us  to 
augment  our  resources  for  a  larger  supply  of  men  and  means, 
we  turn  to  the  westward  survey  with  more  profound  ideas  of 
our  responsibilities.  We  have  extended  the  mission  from  Antioch 
to  our  ninetieth  meridian.  But  we  halt  not  here.  Our  faithful 
pioneers  have  met  the  Russo  -  Greeks  in  Alaska,  and  along  the 
coast  have  planted  outposts  toward  Mexico. 

How  wonderful  the  thought  that  from  the  Golden  Gate  of 
our  farthest  West  the  Antiochian  mission  has  been  carried  over 
the  Pacific  till  the  Orient  is  met  once  more  in  Asia  !  There 
our  Bishops  are  offering  to  Japan  and  China  the  same  Gospel, 
and  in  all  respects  the  same  religion,  which  was  ministered  by 
Paul  and  Barnabas.  Once  more  we  find  new  beauty  in  the 
Psalmist's  prophecy  of  the  Sun  of  Righteousness  coming  forth 
like  a  giant  to  run  His  course:  "From  the  uttermost  parts  of 
the  heavens  it  runneth  about  to  the  end  of  it  again."  I  thank 
God,  then,  that  here  we  are  met,  like  a  bannered  host,  face  to 
face  with  the  foes  of  God,  confronting  the  perils  of  campaigns 
and  counting  their  cost.       I  am  persuaded  that  to    some  forms 


54  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

of  primitive  soldiership  we  nuist  resort  again — among  them  to 
the  holy  celibate  of  volunteers,  making  no  rash  vows,  but  ac- 
cepting the  gentle  appeal  of  the  Great  Captain:  "He  that  is 
able  let  him  receive  it."  Glorious  examples  we  have  had  of 
this  sort.  Minnesota  and  Wisconsin  were  penetrated  by  mis- 
sionaries, who  bore  the  Cross  along  Indian  trails  and  planted  the 
parish  and  the  parsonage,  not  for  themselves,  but  for  others. 
Is  heroism  like  this  to  be  found  no  more?  Is  there  not  a 
call  for  enlistments  on  such  principles — for  deacons  and  younger 
presbyters  to  consecrate  their  youthful  energies,  at  least,  to 
fields  that  are  white  to  the  harvest,  while  laborers  are  few? 
But  God  direct  us  all  to  know,  each  one,  his  personal  duty, 
while  we  pray:  "  Lord,  what  wilt  Thou  have  me  to  do?"  And 
in  this  spirit  may  the  council  that  now  opens  be  directed  to 
practical  results!  In  revising  our  organic  and  functional  canons, 
"may  the  ancient  customs  prevail"  over  whatever  may  have 
been  found  in  our  system  no  longer  expedient,  though  pardon- 
able as  the  experiment  of  a  Church  greatly  reduced  in  strength, 
and  emerging  from  a  furnace  of  afflictions,  a  hundred  years 
ago!  And  may  the  Lord  our  God  be  with  us  as  He  was  with 
our  fathers  in  those  days  when  they  beheld  our  altars  in  the 
dust,  our  resources  confiscate,  and  our  flocks  as  sheep  without 
a  shepherd!  Happy  if  we  shall  meet  the  necessities  of  our 
times  as  those  venerable  men  met  theirs;  happy  if  children's 
children  shall  rise  up  and  call  us  blessed,  with  such  good  rea- 
sons as  now  turn  our  own  hearts  to  the  fathers  with  gratitude 
and  love  unfeigned;  happy  if  we  may  share  with  them  the 
Master's  "Well  done!"  in  that  day  when  the  just  who  live  by 
faith,  and  lose  their  lives  to  find  them,  shall  receive  their  great 
reward.  Thank  God,  we  look  for  the  resurrection  of  the  dead, 
and  the  life  of  the  world  to  come. 

At  the  close  of  the  sermon,  the  choir  sang,  "  I  Will  Give 
Thanks"  and  "Holy  Offerings,  Rich  and  Rare."  While  the  offer- 
ings were  being  brought  to  the  chancel.  Secretary  Hart  carried 
in  the  famous  golden  Alms  Basin,  presented  by  the  English 
Bishops  to  the  Bishops  of  the  American  Church,  into  which 
the  collectors,  who  were  wardens  of  the  Church,  Mr.  George 
O.  Eddy,  Mr.  George  C.  Farnham,  and  members  of  the  vestry, 
W.  D.  Lawrence,    M.    D.,  J.  L.    Moore,    M.  D.,  W.    H.  Ritchie, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  55 

William  Sweatt,  and  C.  J.  Weitzel,  placed  the  offerings.  The 
Communion  Service  being  over,  the  Bishops  and  choir,  during 
the  singing  of  the  recessional  hymn,  left  the  church  in  the  re- 
verse order  in  which  they  entered.  This  was  done  for  con- 
venience sake.  When  Knickerbacker  Hall  was  reached.  Bishop 
Whipple  offered  a  short  thanksgiving  and  prayer,  and  the 
opening  service  of  the  third  Convention  of  the  Church  west  of 
the  Alleghenies  was  ended.  At  that  moment,  all  felt  that  the 
morning  had  been  one  rich  in  blessing. 

The  Bishops  who  had  presided  at  the  consecration  of  new 
Bishops,  since  the  last  Convention,  introduced  the  new  prelates 
to  their  brothers  in  the  episcopate,  (for  their  names  see  Pre- 
siding Bishop's  report,  second  day);  this  done,  all  walked  across 
the  street  to  the  Hampshire  Arms  to  lunch. 


CHAPTER  IV. 

Importance  of  the  Convention. 

npHE  General  Convention  is  important  because  it  represents  the 
*  Church  in  America,  and  because  the  Church  in  the  United 
States  is  part  of  the  great  Anglican  Communion  throughout  the 
whole  world.  We  have  often  heard  it  said  that  the  Episcopal 
Church  is  a  small  body,  and  so  it  is,  comparatively,  if  that  part 
of  it  which  is  in  the  United  States  is  alone  spoken  of,  but  the 
Anglican  Communion  is,  in  a  peculiar  sense,  the  representative 
Church  of  the  English  speaking  world.  It  numbers  in  Ireland 
about  560,000  communicants,  and  in  England  it  has  more  than 
23,000  clergy,  who  are,  without  doubt,  as  a  whole,  samples  of  the 
highest  culture  that  England  can  show.  There  is  nothing  good 
for  which  many  of  these  men  have  not  stood,  and  to  which 
they  have  not  given  powerful  advocacy.  There  is  not  a  part 
of  the  British  Isles  where  the  services  of  an  Anglican  clergy- 
man cannot  be  had.  The  Church  is  alive  with  religious  enthu- 
siasm and  it  is  gaining  new  adherents  every  day.  There  is  no 
nation  that  can  show  a  literature  higher  or  a  culture  nobler  than 
that  which  has  been  produced  by  English  churchmen.  The 
stately  service  of  the  Church  and  the  principles  taught  have 
said  to  every  man,  "You  have  a  God-given  right  to  use  your 
reason  in  matters  religious,"  and  it  has  thus  had  a  reflex  in- 
fluence upon  the  commercial  world,  such  as  no  other  State 
Church  under  the  Heavens  can  show.  True  manliness  is  one 
of  the  best  characteristics  of  the  best  Anglican  Churchmanship 
in  Britain,  and  the  commercial  achievements  of  that  nation, 
small  as  it  is,  iiavc  no  equal  in  ancient  or  in  modern  history. 
The    stately    parish    churches,  the    glorious    cathedrals    and    the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTIOX.  ;; 

magnificent  universities,  with  Oxford  and  Cambridge  at  their 
head,  have  all  impressed  the  English  public  mind.  In  a  recent 
sermon  preached  by  the  Rev.  T.  W.  Holmes  of  Shefifield,  an 
old  friend  of  mine,  himself  one  of  the  most  cultured  Congre- 
gational ministers,  and  a  believer  in  the  disestablishment  of  the 
Church,  he  said,  "It  must  not  be  taken  as  true  that  because 
non-conformist  churches  arc  plain,  we  have  no  love  for  the 
beautiful  in  architecture.  These  buildings  are  not  an  indication 
of  our  taste  but  of  our  poverty.  We  love  the  stately  cathedral 
of  the  English  church  and  are  as  proud  of  them  as  any  Dean," 
and  he  voices  the  best  thought  of  the  Englishmen  whether  in 
the  Church  or  not. 

The  great  American  Convention  attracted  general  attention 
all  through  the  country,  because  it  was  a  law-making  body  for 
a  part  of  the  Church  whose  services  are  read  on  every  sea,  and 
whose  Prayer  Book  is  known  wherever  Englishmen  are  found, 
from  the  sheep  walks  of  Australia  to  the  tents  of  the  dwellers 
in  Moab's  land.  From  what  has  been  said,  it  must  not  be 
taken  that  the  Church  in  America  is  an  insignificant  body;  it 
has  over  600,000  communicants  and  more  than  4,600  clergy;  its 
gifts  for  religious  work  and  worship  last  year  were  over  $1,000,- 
000  per  month.  The  progress  of  the  Church  is  remarkable; 
while  the  population  of  the  United  States  has  increased  five 
times,  the  Church  has  increased  fourteen  fold.  The  increase  of 
the  clergy  may  be  seen  when  it  is  told  that  in  the  three 
months  ending  September  ist,  1895,  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
one  additions  were  made  in  the  Living  Church  Quarterly  clergy 
list.  Nor  is  this  all;  statistics  could  be  quoted  to  tell  in  other 
ways.  It  is  a  fact  also,  that  men  have  not  alone  to  be  counted, 
but  weighed.  It  is  a  commonplace  observation  that  the  Church 
in  y\merica  numbers  amongst  its  communicants  a  vast  proportion 
of  persons  who  are  influential  in  every  walk  of  life.  All  these 
facts  makes  its  Triennial  Convention  one  of  importance  to  the 
whole  American  Republic  and  an  e\ent  noted  in  English  speak- 
ing Europe,  and  this  importance  has  been  increased  by  the 
precision  with  which  it  has  done  its  work  in  the  past.  It  has 
gained  the  reputation  of  being  one  of  the  most  orderh'  assem- 
blies in  the  world.  For  its  government  it  has  the  follow- 
ing : 


58  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Rules   of   Order. 

Adopted  1880.     Amended  1883.  18S6,  1889  and  1892. 

Title  III,  Canon   i,  §  i. 

[4]  The  Rules  and  Orders  of  the  House  of  Deputies  shall 
be  in  force  in  the  ensuing  General  Convention  until  the  organi- 
zation thereof,  and  until  they  be  amended  or  repealed  by  the 
said  House. 

1.  The  daily  sessions  of  this  House  shall  be  opened  with 
the  Morning  Service  of  the  Church. 

2.  When  the  President  takes  the  chair,  no  member  shall  con- 
tinue standing,  or  shall  afterwards  stand  up,  except  to  address 
the  Chair. 

3.  When  the  President  shall  have  taken  the  chair,  the  Roll 
of  Members  shall  be  called,  and  the  Minutes  of  the  preceding 
day  read  ;  but  the  same  may  be  dispensed  with  by  a  majority 
of  the  House,  to  be  decided  without  debate. 

4.  At  the  opening  of  the  session,  the  President  shall  appoint 
the  following  Standing  Committees,  to-wit  : 

I.     On  the  State  of  the  Church,  to  consist  of  one  member 
from  each  Diocese,  two  members  from  the  Delegations 
from  Missionary  Jurisdictions,  and  one  from  the  Juris- 
diction of  Foreign  Churches  ;    and 
H.     On  the  General  Theological  Seminary. 
HI.     On  Missions. 

IV.     On  the  Admission  of  New  Dioceses. 
V.     On  the  Consecration  of   Bishops. 
VI.     On  Amendments  to  the  Constitution. 
VII.     On  Canons. 
VIII.     On  P^xpenses. 
IX.     On  Unfinished  Business. 
X.     On  Elections. 
XI.     On  the  Prayer  Book. 
XII.     On  Christian  PLducation. 

XIII.  On   Memorials  of  Deceased  Members. 

(P>ach  to  consist  of  thirteen  members.) 

XIV.  On  Rules  of  Order  (to  consist  of  six  members,  of  whom 

the  President  of  the  House  shall  be  one)  ;  to  which 
Committee  shall  be  referred,  without  debate,  all  pro- 
posed aniciuhnents  to  the  Rules  of  Order. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


59 


II. 
III. 

order: 


5.     The  daily  Order  of  Business  shall  be  as  follows: 
I.     Reading  the  Minutes. 

Communications  from  the   President. 

Reports   from    Standing    Committees,  in    the    following 


f 


I 

2 

3 
4 

5 
6 

7 
8 

9 
10 
1 1 
12 

13 
M 

15 

IV. 

V. 

VI. 


On  Elections. 

On  the  Admission  of  New  Dioceses. 

On  Rules  of  Order. 

On  the  Consecration  of  Bishops. 

On  Amendments  to  the  Constitution. 

On  Canons. 

On  the  General  Theological  Seminary. 

On  the  State  of  the  Church. 

On  Expenses. 

On  Missions. 

On  the  Prayer  Book. 

On  Christian  Education. 

On  Unfinished  Business. 

On  Memorials  of  Deceased  Members;    and 

Special  Committees  in  the  order  of  appointment. 

Petitions  and  Memorials. 
Motions  and  Resolutions. 
Business  on  the  Calendar. 


6.  The  Secretary  shall  keep  a  Calendar  of  Business,  on 
which  reports  from  Committees,  resolutions  which  lie  over,  and 
other  matters  undisposed  of,  indicating  the  subject  of  each 
item,  shall  be  placed  in  the  order  in  which  they  are  presented, 
a  printed  copy  of  which  Calendar  shall  be  furnished  to  each 
member. 

7.  At  twelve  o'clock,  unless  there  be  an  Order  of  the  Day, 
or  as  soon  thereafter  as  the  Order  of  the  Day  shall  be  disposed 
of,  the  business  on  the  Calendar  shall  be  taken  up  and  disposed 
of.  in  the  order  in  which  it  stands  thereon;  and  a  vote  of  two- 
thirds  of  the  members  present  shall  be  required  to  take  up 
any  matter  out  of  its  order  on  the  Calendar,  or  to  make  any 
matter  the  Order  of  the  Day  for  a  particular  time. 

8.  All  propositions  involving  expense  shall  be  referred  to 
the  Committee  on  P^xpenses  before  being  considered,  except 
propositions  to  print. 


i 


6o  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

g.  All  resolutions  shall  be  reduced  to  writing,  presented  to 
the  Secretar}',  and  by  him  read  to  the  House;  and  no  motion 
shall  be  considered  before  the  House  unless  seconded. 

10.  If  the  question  under  debate  contains  several  distinct 
propositions,  the  same  shall  be  divided,  at  the  request  of  any 
member,  and  a  vote  taken  separately,  except  that  a  motion  to 
strike  out  and  insert  shall  be  indivisible. 

11.  When  a  question  is  under  consideration,  no  motion 
shall  be  received,  unless  to  lay  it  upon  the  table,  to  postpone 
it  to  a  certain  time,  to  postpone  it  indefinitely,  to  commit  it, 
or  to  amend  it;  and  motions  for  any  of  these  purposes  shall 
have  precedence  in  the  order  herein  named.  If  a  motion  to 
lay  on  the  table  an  amendment  be  carried,  the  matter  before 
the  House  shall  be  proceeded  with  as  if  no  amendment  had 
been  offered.  The  motion  to  lay  upon  the  table,  and  to 
adjourn,  shall  be  decided  without  debate.  The  motion  to  adjourn 
shall  always  be  in  order. 

12.  There  shall  be  no  debate  upon  a  resolution  which  proposes 
to  refer  any  matter  to  a  Committee,  or  upon  a  motion  to  recommit 
any  subject  which  has  been  before  a  Committee.  But  the 
member  who  offers  such  a  resolution  or  motion  may  speak  five 
minutes  for  the  purpose  of  explaining  its  object.  And  if  objec- 
tion be  made  to  the  consideration  of  a  resolution  designed  for 
the  action  of  the  House,  without  reference  to  a  Committee,  it 
shall  lie  over,  and  come  up  the  next  day  as  unfinished  business. 
But,  by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  the  members  present,  the  House 
may  at  once  consider  the  resolution.  All  messages  from  the 
House  of  Bishops  communicating  any  legislative  action  on  their 
part  shall,  without  debate,  be  referred  to  the  proper  Committee. 

13.  When  a  proposed  amendment  is  under  consideration,  a 
motion  to  amend  the  same  may  be  made.  No  after-amendment 
to  such  second  amendment  shall  be  in  order,  but  a  substitute 
for  both  amendments  may  be  received,  which,  if  adopted,  shall 
operate  as  an  amendment  to  the  original  proposition.  No  prop- 
osition on  a  subject  different  from  the  one  under  consideration 
shall  be  received  under  colour  of  an  amendment    or  substitute. 

14.  In  all  questions  decided  numericall\%  the  motion  to  re- 
consider must  be  made  by  one  Deputy,  and  seconded  by  another 
who  voted  in  the  majority;  or,  in  case  of  equal  division,  by  those 
who  voted  in  the    negative;    and    in  case    of  a  vote  by  Orders, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  6 1 

where  there  is  a  concurrence  of  both  Orders,  a  motion  to  re- 
consider shall  be  made  by  a  majority  of  a  Deputation  from  any 
Diocese  of  either  Order  voting  in  the  majority;  and,  in  case  of 
a  non-concurrence  of  Orders,  the  motion  to  reconsider  shall 
come  from  a  majority  of  a  Deputation  from  a  Diocese  of  that 
Order  which  gave  the  majority  in  the  negative;  and,  in  either 
case,  a  motion  to  reconsider  shall  be  seconded  by  a  majority 
of  any  Deputation  of  either  Order,  without  regard  to  its  previous 
vote.  And  all  motions  to  reconsider  shall  be  made  and  second- 
ed on  the  day  the    vote    is  taken,    or  the  next  succeeding  day. 

15.  The  reports  of  all  Committees  shall  be  in  writing,  and 
shall  be  received  of  course,  and  without  motion  for  acceptance, 
unless  recommitted  by  a  vote  of  the  House.  All  reports  recom- 
mending or  requiring  any  action  or  expression  of  opinion  by  the 
House,  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  resolution  for  the  action  of 
the  House  therein. 

16.  Reports  from  the  Committee  on  Memorials  of  Deceased 
Members  shall  embody  simply  the  name.  Diocese,  date  of  birth 
and  death  and  time  of  service  in  General  Convention,  of  de- 
ceased members  of  the  current  or  any  preceding  General  Con- 
vention, of  whom  memorials  shall  not  have  theretofore  been 
made;  and  such  reports  shall,  after  suitable  devotions,  be  re- 
ceived by  the  House  standing. 

17.  No  new  business  shall  be  introduced  for  the  consider- 
ation of  the  House  after  the  twelfth  day  of  its  session,  except 
by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  the  members  present. 

18.  Whenever  the  election  of  a  Bishop,  the  approval  of 
his  testimonials,  or  assent  to  his  consecration,  shal  be  consid- 
ered, the  House  shall  sit  with  closed  doors. 

19.  All  questions  of  order  shall  be  decided  by  the  Chair 
without  debate;  but  any  member  may  appeal  from  such  deci- 
sion, and  on  such  appeal  no  member  shall  speak  more  than 
once,  without  express  leave  of  the  House. 

20.  The  names  of  the  movers  of  resolutions  shall  appear 
upon  the  Minutes  of  the  House. 

21.  Kvery  member  who  shall  be  in  the  House  when  any 
question  is  put,  shall,  on  a  division,  be  counted,  unless  he  be 
personally  interested  in  the  question  under  consideration. 

22.  While  the  President  is  putting  any  question,  the  mem- 
bers shall  continue  in  their  seats,  and  shall  not  hold  an\'  pri- 
vate discourse. 


62  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

23.  When  any  member  is  about  to  speak  or  deliver  any 
matter  to  the  House,  he  shall,  with  due  respect,  address  him- 
self to  the  President,  confining  himself  strictly  to  the  point  in 
debate. 

24.  No  member  shall  speak  more  than  twice  in  the  same 
debate,  nor  longer  than  fifteen  minutes  at  one  time,  without 
leave  of  the  House. 

25.  All  Committees  shall  be  appointed  by  the  President, 
unless  otherwise  ordered. 

26.  When  the  House  is  about  to  rise,  every  member  shall 
keep  his  seat  until  the  President  leaves  his  chair;  and  before 
the  President  leaves  the  chair,  he  may  make  any  communication 
to  the  House,  or  cause  any  notice  to  be  read  by  the  Secre- 
tary. 

27.  No  member  shall  absent  himself  from  the  service  of 
the  House,  unless  he  have  leave,  or  be  unable  to  attend. 

28.  When  memorials  or  petitions  are  presented,  their  con- 
tents shall  be  concisely  stated  by  the  Deputy  presenting  them, 
and  they  shall  be  referred  or  laid  upon  the  table,  unless  by  a 
majority  vote  the  memorial  or  petition  shall  be  ordered  to  be 
read. 

29.  Reports  of  Committees  appointed  to  sit  during  the  re- 
cess, if  not  acted  upon  at  once,  shall,  when  presented,  be  made 
the  Order  of  the  Day  for  a  time  fixed. 

30.  No  applause  shall  be  permitted  during  the  session  of 
the  House. 

31.  Messages  from  the  House  of  Bishops  shall  be  handed 
by  the  Secretary  of  this  House  to  the  President,  to  be  laid 
before  the  House  as  early  as  may  be  convenient. 

32.  Seats  upon  the  platform  shall  be  occupied  by  officers 
of  the  Convention  or  their  representatives,  members  of  the 
House  of  Bishops,  and  such  other  persons  only  as  by  special 
vote  of  the  Convention  shall  be  so  authorized. 

33.  No  one  shall  be  admitted  to  the  floor  of  the  House 
except  Deputies,  Presidents  of  Colleges  recognized  as  Church 
Colleges  by  the  Committee  on  Christian  Education,  Clergymen 
of  this  Church,  and  of  other  branches  of  the  Church  Catholic 
with  which  this  Church  is  in  Communion  who  may  be  sojourn- 
ing in  the  city  where  the  General  Convention  is  assembled. 
Managers,   Secretaries,    and   Treasurers    of    the    Board   of    Mis- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTION.  63 

sions,  Trustees,  Professors,  and  students  of  the  General  and 
other  Theological  Seminaries  of  this  Church,  other  students  of 
Theology  who  are  candidates  for  Holy  Orders  in  this  Church, 
former  members  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  and  the  Clergy, 
Wardens,  and  Vestrymen  of  the  Church  in  which  the  House  of 
Deputies  may  sit. 

34.     No  rule  shall  be  suspended  unless    with    the    assent    of 
two-thirds  of  the  members  present. 

A  correct  copy. 

Attest:     Chas.  L.   Hutchins,  Secretary. 


JOINT    RULE    ON    THE    POWERS    OF   JOINT    COMMITTEES. 

1.  Joint  Special  Committees,  having  made  their  final  Report, 
are  to  be  considered  as  having  exhausted  their  functions,  and 
can  only  be  revived  by  the  concurrent  action  of  the  two 
Houses. 

2.  It  shall  be  the  privilege  of  either  House  to  refer  to  a 
Joint  Committee  any  matter  relating  to  the  subject  for  which 
it  was  appointed;  but  neither  House  shall  have  the  power, 
without  the  consent  of  the  other,  to  instruct  the  Joint  Com- 
mittee as  to  any  particular  line  of   action. 

Adopted  by  the  House  of  Deputies  on  the  twelfth  day  of 
the  session,   1883.     (See  Journal,  p.  223.) 

Adopted  by  the  House  of   Bishops  on  the  seventeenth    day 
of  the  session,   1883.     (See  Journal,  p.  86.) 
A  correct  cop}'. 

Attest:     Chas.  L.  Hutchins, 
Secretary  of  the  House  of  Deputies. 

It  was  under  these  rules  the  House  was  called  to  order, 
October  2nd,   1895,  J^st  before  four  o'clock   in  the  afternoon. 

Rev.  Charles  L.  Hutchins  called  the  House  to  order,  and 
read  the  names  of  the  deputies.  It  was  found  that  a  quorum 
was  present,  and  so  was  in  a  position  to  proceed  to  organize. 
Rev.  J.  J.  Faude  nominated  Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix,  of  New  York, 
President.  Many  deputies  seconded.  Rev.  Dr.  Reatty,  Kansas, 
moved  that  the  Secretary  cast  the  ballot  of  the  House  for  Rev. 
Dr.  Dix,  which  was  passed  unanimously.     Rev.  Dr.  Leffingwell, 


64  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTTON. 

of  Illinois,    and    Hon.  J.  A.    King^,    of   Long    Island,    conducted 
Dr.  Dix  to  the  chair.     He  then  said: 

My  Reverend  Brethreii  and  Gentlemen  of  the  House  of  Deputies : 

I  am  at  a  loss  for  words  to  express  my  appreciation  of  your 
kindness  in  having  thus  for  the  fourth  time  elected  me  to  pre- 
side over  the  sessions  of  this  House.  It  is  an  honor  of  which 
any  man  has  just  reason  to  be  proud. 

Far  more  than  that,  my  dear  brethren  and  friends,  it  in- 
volves a  responsibility  so  great  as  to  be  painful.  The  councils 
of  the  Church  of  Christ  (and  of  these,  I  take  it,  our  council 
is  a  part)  have  been,  under  Divine  Providence,  the  means  of 
asserting  and  defending  the  faith  and  of  making  all  provision 
necessary  for  the  maintenance  of  law  and  order  throughout  the 
community  of  the  faithful.  As  Christians  and  as  Churchmen 
we  cannot  doubt  that  the  Holy  Spirit  guides  the  action  of  these 
representative  assemblies,  the  effects  of  which  are  felt  so  far 
and  so  wide  throughout  the  world.  To  be  called  upon  to  pre- 
side in  such  a  council  is  a  task  from  which  any  one  might  well 
shrink,  and  which  no  one  can  approach  without  a  profound  sense 
of  dependence  on  the  powers  above,  and  a  boundless  faith  in 
the  sympathy  and  kindness  and  consideration   of   his    brethren. 

Matters  of  great  importance  will  come  before  this  Conven- 
tion. Three  years  ago  the  revision  of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  was  brought  to  a  conclusion.  Now  we  have  the  kindred 
topic:  a  revision  of  the  Constitution  and  Canons,  a  work  bristling 
with  difficulties,  and  a  work  on  which  opinions  are  very  widely 
divided. 

Also  the  extension  of  the  missionary  work  of  the  Church, 
the  cause  of  Christian  education,  the  cause  of  Christian  Unity, 
and  other  problems  confront  us.  Let  it  be  our  prayer  that  the 
Holy  Ghost  will  be  very  near  us  to  guide  us  in  our  deliber- 
ations, to  the  glory  of  God  and  to  the  good  of  His  people  and 
the  edification  of  the  Church. 

We  meet  in  one  of  the  great  cities  of  the  West.  There  are 
those  here  to  whom  it  will  be  a  new  experience,  and  I  do  not 
think  it  is  too  soon  for  us  to  express  our  thanks  for  the  very 
cordial  reception  that  has  already  been  accorded  to  the  mem- 
bers of  this  Convention  in  this  beautiful,  this  wonderful  city, 
and  to  express  our  obligations  thus  far  in  advance  for  the  evi- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  65 

dences  of  constant  care  and  forethouGi'ht  shown  in  making  all 
possible  arrangements  for  our  reception.  We  are  here,  sur- 
rounded by  evidences  of  the  power,  the  wealth  and  the  influence 
of  the  great  West;  and  I  am  sure  that  those  of  us  who  come 
from  the  East  will  return  to  our  homes  with  a  feeling  that  it 
is  our  duty,  under  God,  to  do  all  that  we  can  to  promote  the 
cause  of  the  Church  and  to  strive  for  its  extension  to  places  on 
which  so  much  of  the  promise  and  hope  of  the  future  depends. 

Then,  dear  Brethren,  may  I  say  a  word  as  man  to  man  and 
Christian  to  Christian V  Have  we  not  all  reason  to  be  grateful 
that  in  the  providence  of  God  these,  perhaps  three  weeks,  are 
taken  out  of  our  li\cs,  which  we  are  required  to  dedicate  to 
the  work  of  the  Kingdom  of  Heaven?  Life  is  so  full  of  ab- 
sorbing and  wearying  tasks,  time  is  so  taken  up  with  undue 
attention  to  things  temporal,  it  seems  to  me  if  we  take  one 
solid  portion  out  of  our  lives  and  give  that  to  God  and  work 
for  His  Church,  it  is  like  so  much  saved  from  loss.  If  we  can, 
as  I  trust  we  shall  do,  begin  our  work  with  an  intention  to 
carry  it  on  with  the  least  possible  loss  of  time,  with  the  loving 
and  fraternal  spirit  which,  thank  God,  has  manifested  itself  in 
this  House  ever  since  I  have  had  the  honor  of  being  its  Pres- 
ident, if  we  so  carry  on  our  work,  loving  as  brethren,  courteous, 
kindly,  thoughtful,  diligent  in  our  business,  I  see  no  reason  to 
doubt  that  this  Convention  may  rank  as  one  of  the  best  and 
most  valuable  in  the  history  of  the  Church. 

I  thank  you  once  more,  my  dear  reverend  brethren  and 
brethren  of  the  laity,  for  your  kindness,  and  casting  myself 
upon  your  good  will,  and  with  the  promise  to  serve  you  as  well 
as  I  know  how,  I  now  accept  the  position  to  which  you  have 
elected  me. 

The  President  announced  that  the  first  business  in  order  was 
the  election  of  Secretary,  which  the  rules  required  should  be 
by  ballot. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Roots,  of  Arkansas,  the  rule  requiring  a 
ballot  was  suspended,  and  the  Rev.  Charles  L.  Hutchins,  D.  D., 
of  Massachusetts,  was  elected  Secretary. 

Dr.  Hutchins  appointed  as  his  four  assistants,  ist.  Rev.  Henry 
Anstice,  D.  D.,  Rochester,  New  York;  2nd,  Rev.  t^dward  Worth- 
ington,  Cleveland,  Ohio;  3rd,  Rev.  Carroll  M.  Davis,  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;  4th,  Rev.  William  C.  Prout,   Herkimer,   N.  V. 


k 


66  IllSroh'V  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Treasurer  of  the  Convention  was  Mr.  Buchanan  Win- 
throp. 

Rev.  J.  J.  Faude  and  Senator  George  F.  Fdmunds,  of  Ver- 
mont, were  appointed  a  committee  to  wait  upon  the  House  of 
Bishops  and  inform  them  of  the  organization  of  the  House. 

On  the  motion  of  Mr.  George  C.  Thom.as,  and  seconded  by 
Rev.  Arthur  Lawrence,  D.  D.,  of  Mass.,  the  House  telegraphed 
Bishop  Williams  its  regrets  at  his  absence,  and  its  desire  for 
restoration  to  health. 

At  the  Baltimore  Convention,  in  1892,  the  Prayer  Book  re- 
vision being  perfected,  it  was  judged  expedient  to  appoint  a 
joint  commission  to  revise  the  Constitution  and  Canons  of  the 
Church.  The  following  eminent  Bishops,  Priests  and  la)'men  : 
John  Williams,  Connecticut;  A.  Cleveland  Coxe,  Western  New 
York;  Wm.  Croswell  Doane,  Albany;  Thomas  Underwood 
Dudley,  Kentucky;  Alexander  Burgess,  Quincy,  111  ;  Henry  C. 
Potter,  New  York  ;  William  Paret,  Maryland,  —  seven  in  all  ; 
and  from  the  House  of  Deputies  were  Very  Rev.  Dean  Hoff- 
man, of  the  General  Seminary,  New  York  ;  Rev.  J.  S.  Stone, 
of  Philadelphia,  now  of  Chicago  ;  Rev.  Kinloch  Nelson  (since 
dead)  ;  Rev.  C.  A.  L.  Richards,  Providence,  R.  I.  ;  Rev.  Charles 
H.  Hall,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  (since  dead)  ;  Rev.  William  J.  Sea- 
bury,  New  York  ;  Hall  Harrison,  P^lliot  City,  Md.,  who  was 
secretary  of  the  Commission, — seven  clergymen,  all  Doctors  in 
Divinity.  The  lay  members  of  the  Co'mmission  were  the  follow- 
ing :  W.  H.  Lightner,  Edward  G.  Bradford,  Mr.  F.  B.  Swayne, 
Mr.  Charles  G.  Saunders,  Mr.  John  Beall,  Mr.  Frank  H.  Miller, 
and  Mr.  W.  S.  Laidley.  To  these  men  was  given  the  work  of 
revision,  with  the  aid  of  such  members  of  this  Church  learned 
in  the  law  as  they  may  be  minded  to  consult. 

The  Convention  of  '92  had  three  things  in  view  when  the 
Commission  was  appointed: — i.  To  secure  perfect  harmony  in 
all  parts  of  Canons  and  Constitution.  2.  To  adapt  them  to  the 
enlargement  and  growth  of  the  Church.  3.  To  clear  them  of 
all  mere  technicalities  and  words  used  by  jurists  and  canonists. 
No  man  can  say  that  if  it  is  needful  to  have  Canons  and  Con- 
stitutions it  is  not  also  needful  to  have  them  harmonious,  work- 
able, and  clear.  The  Commission  spent  twenty-eight  days  upon 
its  work,  and  printed  a  Revised  Constitution  and  Canons  in  a 
pamphlet  containing  ninety-four  pages.     This  report  was  in  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL   COXVENTION.  67 

hands  of  all  deputies,  and  had  loni^  been  in  the  hands  of  man)-. 
The  changes  proposed  were  well  known  to  the  House.  The 
Bishops  sit  behind  closed  doors.  It  was,  however,  certain  that 
opinion  was  not  a  unit,  in  regard  to  the  propo.sed  changes,  in  the 
Upper  House,  though  the  Revised  Canons  had  the  advocac}-  of 
men  of  the  very  highest  character  and  ability, — men  whose  li\es 
had  shown  that  they  placed  the  good  of  the  Church  before  all 
other  considerations.  Upon  the  Rev.  Dean  Hoffman  dexolved 
the  duty  of  presenting  the  proposed  Constitution  and  Canons  to 
the  House.  No  man  in  it  is  more  highly  respected.  His  gifts 
to  the  Church,  his  knowledge  of  affairs,  his  learning  and  self- 
sacrifice,  have  endeared  him  to  churchmen.  On  all  sides,  it  was 
felt  that  in  all  questions  of  such  vital  importance  as  those 
involved  in  Canon  Law  it  was  wise  to  make  haste  slowly.  In 
regard  to  changes  in  the  Constitution  it  was  the  same.  It  was 
wise  to  begin  the  consideration  of  the  whole  subject  so  early 
in  the  Convention.  As  the  consideration  of  the  subjects  pro- 
ceeded, it  was  surprising  to  many  well-informed  men  that  so 
much  time  was  given  to  names  of  little  real  importance,  and 
so  little  to  some  principles  of  influence  so  far-reaching  no  man 
can  tell  their  final   effect. 

It  was  in  these  circumstances  that  Dean  Hoffman  rose  to 
tell  the  House  the  report  was  ready  for  consideration,  and 
moved  that  it  be  a  special  order  each  day  at  1 1  A.  M.  till  dis- 
posed of.  There  were  a  few  verbal  alterations  in  the  report 
presented  from  the  one  printed.  The  motion  was  carried.  The 
time  of  meeting  was  fixed  at  9  A.  m.  to  i  p.  m.,  and  2:30  to  5. 
Rev.  J.  J.  Faude  moved  to  thank  the  Bishops  for  the  pastoral 
letter  of  1894,  and  to  ask  them  to  publish  it  with  the  pastoral 
letter  of  1895.  Dr.  Davenport  moved  a  substitute,  which  in- 
tended to  make  the  '94  letter  a  statement  of  the  faith,  as  held 
by  the  church.  Rev.  Dr.  David  H.  Greer,  New  York,  rose  and 
asked  that  both  resolution  and  substitute  be  placed  upon  the 
calendar,  which  was  done.  The  Bishops  of  Minnesota,  the 
Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Faribault,  asked  the  Convention  to 
visit  Faribault  on  Oct.  [2th.  Mr.  Lightner,  deputy  from  Minne- 
sota, stated  briefly  why  the  invitation  should  be  accepted. 
Bishop  Whipple  and  Bishop  Gilbert,  through  Rev.  Mr.  Faude, 
invited  the  Convention  to  a  reception  at  West  Hotel.  Re\'. 
Wm.   Prall,   D.  D.,   Michigan,  moved  that  at   noon,  Oct.  3rd,  the 


68  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

House  receive  the  Bishops  and  delegates  from  the  Provincial 
Synod  of  Canada.  So  ordered.  Revs.  Wm.  Prall  and  H.  P. 
Nicholls.  Mr.  A.  J.  C.  Sowdon  and  Mr.  John  Marshall  Brown, 
Maine,  were  appointed  a  committee  to  inform  the  Canadian 
dcle^rates  of  the  appointed  time  for  their  reception  and  escort 
them  to  the  House. 

After  a  resolution  to  place  on  the  calendar  the  correspond- 
ence with  other  bodies  respecting  Christian  Unity,  the  House 
adjourned. 


CHAPTF.R   V. 
House  of  Bishops. 

first  day. 

/^HURCHMEN  generally  do  not  know  the  precision,  stateli- 
^^  ness  and  devotion  with  which  business  in  the  House  of 
Bishops  is  transacted.  In  order  to  make  this  \-ery  clear,  it  is 
needful  to  publish  the  "Rules  of  Order."  There  are  seventy-eight 
Bishops  in  the  American  List.  These  men  have  all  been 
selected  by  men  who  were  themselves  chosen  for  that  purpose. 
All  that  is  best  in  American  scholarship,  all  that  is  highest  in 
self-sacrifice,  all  that  is  most  glorious  in  parocial  achievement 
is  represented  on  the  Episcopal  Bench.  In  the  House  of 
Bishops  nothing  is  left  to  chance.  The  Prelate  who  has  been 
longest  in  office  becomes  President.  Parliamentary  procedure 
is  observed  in  all  business  matters.  It  is  commonly  reported 
that  Bishops  are  not  esteemed  in  proportion  to  the  importance 
of  the  diocese  over  which  they  preside,  but  for  the  qualities 
which  they  are  known  to  possess.  One  man  is  influential  in 
mission  questions,  as  Bishop  Whipple,  another  on  historical 
questions,  as  Bishop  Perry,  a  third,  Bishop  Burgess,  on  canon 
law  and  precedent,  a  fourth  on  liturgical  questions,  and  others 
for  their  calmness,  judgment  and  knowledge  of  parliamentary 
law,  as  Bishops  Doanc  and  Neely.  Bishop  Dudley  has  a  unique 
place  because  of  his  intimate  acquaintance  with  the  negro  ques- 
tion. In  this  way  the  work  of  the  Church  finds  men  to  explain 
its  needs  and  tell  of  the  results  gained.  Some  Bishops  are 
revered  for  their  great  consecration  and  spirituality.  No  repre- 
sentative body  of  men  in  America  is  loved  with  a  deeper  love 
or  trusted  with  a  deeper  confidence.  In  the  Convention  there 
was    one    very    marked    feature.       It    was    the    enthusiasm    and 


70  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

ability  of  the  }'oungcr  Bishops.     All  who  heard  them  saw  prom- 
ise   and    prophecy  of  distinijuished   service. 

The  two  Bishops  who  have  been  longest  in  the  Episcopate, 
John  William,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  of  Connecticut,  and  Thomas  March 
Clark,  1).  U.,  LL.  1).,  of  Rhode  Lsland,  to  the  regret  of  the 
Coinention  and  the  people  of  Minnesota,  were  imablc  to  at- 
tend; and  Bishop  II.  A.  Neeh',  S.  T.  D.,  who  had  been  Chairman 
of  the  House  of  Bishops  for  six  years,  had  to  retire  from  that 
office  because  he  had  filled  it  six  years,  the  longest  period  the  law 
allows.  Bishop  H.  B.  Whipple,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  being  third 
Bishop  in  order  of  consecration,  was  thus  Presiding  Bishop.  Wm. 
C.  Doane,  S.  T.  D.,  of  the  Diocese  of  Albany,  was  elected  to  the 
chairmanship  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  the  highest  honor  the 
Prelates  can  confer  upon  any  man,  as  the  Presidency  goes  by 
seniority  and  not  by  election.  The  Chairman  is  really  Vice 
President.  The  Rev.  Samuel  Hart,  D.  I).,  of  Hartford,  Con- 
necticut, is  Secretary;  Rev.  Geo.  ¥.  Nelson,  of  New  York,  Rev. 
Andrew  D.  Stowc,  of  Stillwater,  Minnesota,  are  Assistant  Sec- 
retaries. The  regular  routine  work  incident  to  the  first  business 
session,  with  consideration  of  the  filling  of  missionary  jurisdic- 
tions, took  up  the  remaining  part  of  the  day.  The  Bishops  sit 
alone,  with  the  of^cials  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  behind  closed 
doors  ;  but  they  always  appoint  two  of  their  number  to  prepare 
reports  for  the  press,  so  as  to  insure  accurac}'. 

OFFICES    OF    DEVOTION. 

L 

A  Form  of  Devotion  for  the  Daily  Sessions  of  the  House. 

1.  A  Selection  from   Hoh'  Scripture. 

2.  The  Lord  be  with  you. 
A/IS.  And  with  th\'  spirit. 

()  Lord  show  thy  mercy  upon  us. 
Ans.  And  grant  us  th}-  salvation. 

O  God,  make  clean  our  hearts  within  us. 
Ans.  And  take  not  thy  Holy  Spirit  from  us. 
O  (jod  the  Father  of  Heaven;  have  mercy  upon  us  misera- 
ble sinners, 

0  (jod  the  Father  of  Hea^'en ;  have  mercy  upon  us  ))iiserablc 
si/Diers. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COW'EXTIOX.  7 1 

O  God  the  Son,  Redeemer  of  the  world;  h;i\e  niei(\-  u])()n 
us  miserable  sinners. 

0  God  tlic  Son,  Redeemer  of  the  world ;  lia^'c  mercy  upon  21s 
miserable  sinners. 

O  God  the  Hoh'  (jhost,  proceedini;-  from  the  i'dllur  and  the 
Son;  have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

0  God  the  Holy  Ghost,  proceeding  from  the  lu/ther  and  the  Son ; 
have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

O  hoi)',  blessed,  and  q'lorious  Trinity,  three  Persons  and  one 
God;  have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

0  holy,  blessed,  and  glorious  Triinty,  three  Persons  (//id  o/ie  God ; 
have  mercy  tipon  us  miserable  si/i/iers. 

O  God  the  Holy  Ghost,  we  thine  unworthy  servants  most 
humbly  beseech  thee  to  be  our  Light  and  Strength  in  our  pres- 
ent work.  Come  to  us,  and  teach  us  what  to  do,  that  b\'  thy 
help  we  may  please  thee  in  all  things.  Let  not  ignorance  draw 
us  astray,  nor  respect  of  persons  corrupt  our  doings.  Illumin- 
ate our  minds  and  sanctif}'  our  hearts,  O  blessed  Spirit,  whom, 
with  the  Father  and  the  Son  together,  we  worship  and  glorif\- 
as  one  God,  vorld  without  end.     A/nen. 

Collect. 

C)  blessed  Saviour,  the  Lord  of  the  Harvest,  who  knowest 
that  the  labourers  are  few,  we  beseech  thee,  according  to  thy 
most  sure  word  of  promise,  to  send  forth  labourers  into  th\- 
harvest,  to  our  comfort  and  thy  great  glor}-. 

Ans.     We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good   Lt)rd. 

Our  Father,  etc. 

The  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Lhri.^t,  etc. 


Or  this: 


I.     A  selection  from   Hoi}'  .ScriiJture. 

3.     Tlie  Creed. 

3.      Gloria  Patri,  to  be  said  or  sung. 

4.     Collect. 

O  God,  who  dost  teach  the  hearts  of  thy  faithful   people  by 
sending  to  them  the  light  of  thy  Holy  Spirit;  Grant  us  th\'  ser- 


^2  HISTORY  or  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

vants,  the  Bishops  and  Pastors  of  thy  flock,  by  the  same  Spirit 
to  have  a  right  judgment  in  all  things,  and  evermore  to  rejoice 
in  his  holy  comfort;  through  the  merits  of  Christ  Jesus  our 
Saviour,  who  liveth  and  reigneth  with  thee,  in  the  unity  of  the 
same  Spirit,  one  God,  world  without  end.     Amen. 

5.     Collect  for  the  First  Sjtnday  after  the  Epiphany. 

O  Lord,  we  beseech  thee  mercifully  to  receive  the  prayers 
of  thy  people  who  call  upon  thee;  and  grant  that  they  may 
both  perceive  and  know  what  things  they  ought  to  do,  and  also 
may  have  grace  and  power  faithfully  to  fulfil  the  same;  through 
Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.     Amen. 

6.  Collect  for  St.  Peter  s  Day. 

O  Almighty  God,  who  by  thy  Son  Jesus  Christ  didst  give  to 
thy  Apostle  St.  Peter  many  excellent  gifts,  and  commandest 
him  earnestly  to  feed  thy  flock;  make,  we  beseech  thee,  all 
Bishops  and  Pastors  diligently  to  preach  thy  holy  Word,  and 
the  people  obediently  to  follow  the  same,  that  they  may  receive 
the  crown  of  everlasting  glory;  through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord. 
Amen. 

7.  Aho,  the  following  Prayer. 

Bless,  O  gracious  P"ather,  thine  Holy  Catholic  Church;  fill  it 
with  truth  and  grace;  where  it  is  corrupt,  purge  it;  where  it  is 
in  error,  direct  it;  where  it  is  superstitious,  rectify  it;  where  it  is 
amiss,  reform  it;  where  it  is  right,  strengthen  and  confirm  it; 
where  it  is  divided  and  rent  asunder,  heal  the  breaches  of  it, 
O  thou  Holy  One  of  Israel;  through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord. 
Amen. 

8.     Our  P'athcr,  etc. 

g.     The  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  etc. 

IL 

A  form  to  he  used  before  balloting  for  a  Presbyter  to  be  nominated 
to  a  Missionary  Bishopric. 

1.  Lesson,  to  be  read  by  a  Bishop  to  be  designated  by  the 
Presiding  Bishop,  to-wit:  Exodus  iv.  1-12;  Isaiah  vi.  1-8;  Acts 
XX.  at  verse   17;  or  Revelation  vii.  at  verse  g. 

2.  Veni,   Creator  Spiritus,  the  longer  form. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  73 

3.  Versicles:    The  Lord  be  with  you. 

Afis.     And  with  thy  spirit. 

4.  Secret  Prayer,  for  which  there  shall  silence  be  kept   for 
a  space: 

5.  The  Lord's  Prayer. 

6.  The  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  etc. 

IIL 

A  form  to  be  used  when  the  House  is  ready  to  vote  on  the  Confirm- 
ation of  a  Bishop-elect. 

The  Presiding  Bishop  shall  bid    the    House    to    Prayer,  and 
after  silence  shall  have  been  kept  for  a  space,  he  shall  say: 

1.  The  Collect  for  the  P'ifth  Sunday  after  the  PLpiphany. 

2.  The  Collect  for  the  Ninth  Sunday  after  Trinity. 

3.  The  Collect  for  the  Nineteenth  Sunday  after  Trinity. 

4.  The  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  etc. 


RULES    OF    ORDER. 


1.  The  house  shall  meet  for  business  at  such  time  and  place 
as  shall  have  been  duly  notified  by  the  Presiding  Bishop  or 
Chairman  of  the  House  to  the  members  of  this  House,  and 
shall  be  called  to  order  by  the  Presiding  Bishop,  or,  in  his  ab- 
sence, by  the  Senior  Bishop  present. 

2.  Any  Bishop  appearing  in  the  House  of  Bishops  for  the 
first  time  after  his  consecration,  shall  then  be  presented  to  the 
President  by  one  or  more  Bishops,  and,  if  such  be  present,  by 
one  or  more   Bishops  who  took  part  in  his   consecration. 

3.  The  roll  of  members  shall  be  called  by  the  Secretary  or 
the  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  session  of  the  House  last  pre- 
ceding, or,  in  their  absence,  by  a  Secretary  appointed  pro 
tempore. 

4.  If  any  member  or  members  of  the  House  shall  have  died 
since  its  last  meeting,  the  Presiding  Bishop  shall  then  announce, 
without  word  or  comment,  the  fact  and  the  date  of  such  death, 
after  which  he  shall  say  the  Lord's  Prayer,  together  with  the 
following  Prayer  and  Collects: 


74  IIISTOKY  OF  GEXERAL   COXVhWriOX. 

"We  bless  thv  hoh'  Name  for  all  th\-  servants,  who,  having- 
finished  their  course  in  faith,  do  now  rest  from  their  labours. 
And  we  yield  unto  thee  most  high  j^raise  and  hearty  thanks,  for 
the  wonderful  grace  and  virtue  declared  in  all  thy  saints,  who 
have  been  the  choice  vessels  of  thy  grace,  and  the  lights  of  the 
world  in  their  several  generations;  most  humbly  beseeching  thee 
to  give  us  grace  so  to  follow  the  example  of  their  steadfast- 
ness in  thy  faith,  and  obedience  to  thy  holy  commandments, 
that  at  the  day  of  the  general  resurrection,  we,  with  all  those 
who  are  of  the  mystical  Body  of  thy  Son,  may  be  set  on  his 
right  hand,  and  hear  that  his  most  joyful  voice:  Come,  ye 
blessed  of  My  Father,  inherit  the  kingdom  prepared  for  you 
from  the  foundation  of  the  w^orld.  Grant  this,  O  Father,  for 
Jesus  Christ's  sake,  our  only  Meditator  and  Advocate.      Amen.'' 

The  Collect  for  All  Saints'  Day. 

The  Collect  in  the  Visitation  Office:  "O  God,  whose  days," 
etc. 

"The  grace  of  our  Lord,"  etc. 

5.  The  House  shall  then  proceed  to  elect  a  Secretary.  If 
but  one  candidate  be  nominated,  the  election  shall  be  77W  voce ; 
if  more  than  one,  by  ballot. 

6.  With  the  approbation  of  the  Presiding  Officer,  the  Sec- 
retary may,  at  an\'  period  of  the  session,  appoint  an  Assistant 
Secretary. 

7.  The  House  shall  then  proceed  to  elect,  in  all  cases  by 
ballot,  a  Chairman  of  the  House,  who  shall  be  Assessor  to  the 
Presiding  Bishop,  and  in  his  absence,  or  at  his  request,  shall 
be  the  Presiding  Officer  of  the  House,  and  to  whom  the  Pre- 
siding Bishop  may  assign  any  duties  connected  with  his  office, 
from  which,  from  time  to  time,  he  may  desire  to  be  relieved. 
He  shall  continue  in  office  until  the  Triennial  General  Conven- 
tion following  that  in  which  he  was  elected.  A  Bishop  who 
has  ser\ed  as  Chairman  for  three  years  may  be  elected  for  a 
second  time,  but  not  thereafter.  Officers  of  the  House  of 
Bishops,  when  addressing  the  House  in  debate,  shall  in  all  cases 
do  so  from  the  floor  of  the   House. 

8.  As  soon  as  the  House  of  liishops  shall  ha\-e  been  organ- 
ized by  the  election  of  its  .Secretary  and  Chairman,  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  the  (Chairman  to  instruct  the  Secretary  to  com- 
municate to  the  House  of  Deputies  the  fact  of  its  organization, 
and  that  it  is   ready  to  proceed    to  business. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  75 

DAILY    ORDER. 

I.  Bishops  shall  be  selected  by  the  Secretary  by  lot  on  the 
first  day  of  the  session,  whose  duty  it  shall  be,  in  the  order  of 
such  selection,  to  take  charge  of  the  united  Morning  Service  of 
the  (jcneral   Convention. 

II.  The  House  shall  meet  for  business  one  hour  after  the 
hour  aj)pointed  for  the  said  Morning  Service,  unless  otherwise 
ordered  at  the  previous  adjournment.  When  the  President  shall 
have  taken  the  chair,  new  members  may  be  introduced,  as  on 
the  first  day.  The  roll  shall  then  be  called,  after  which  the 
House  shall  be  bidden  to  prayer  by  the  President;  but  after  the 
third  day  of  the  session,  the  roll  shall  not  be  called,  unless  by 
order  of  the  House.  The  Minutes  of  the  last  meeting  shall 
then  be  read  by  the  Secretar}-,  and    acted  upon  by  the  House. 

HI.  On  the  second  day  of  the  Session,  after  Pra}'ers,  the 
Presiding  Bishop  shall  lay  before  the  House  a  statement  of 
his  official  acts  during  the  recess  of  the  General   Convention. 

IV.  On  days  when  the  Bishops  are  expected  to  meet  with 
the  Deputies  and  others  in  the  Board  of  Missions  during  an\- 
part  of  the  forenoon,  the  first  business  shall  be  the  consider- 
ation of  such  matters  as  the  Committee  on  the  Dispatch  of 
Business  shall  report  as  urgently  demanding  attention.  After 
that  shall  follow  consideration  of  Messages  from  the  House  of 
Deputies  not  disposed  of,  and  a  call  for  reports  from  Standing 
Committees;  then  may  follow  any  other  business  for  which  time 
shall  remain.  If  the  Board  of  Missions  shall  adjourn  before 
the  customary  hour  for  adjournment  of  the  House  of  Bishops, 
the  House  shall  resume  its  sitting.  Any  part  of  this  rule  may 
be  suspended  by  a  majority  vote. 

V.  The  business  of  the  House  shall  be  dis[)Osed  of  in  the 
order  following: 

a.  Communications  from  the   President. 

<^.  Petitions  and  Memorials. 

r.  Messages  from  the  House  of  Deputies  not  yet  disposed  of. 

(i.  Motions  of  reference. 

c\  Reports  from  Standing  Committees,  in  the  order  in  which 
the  Committees  are  named  in  the   First  General   Rule. 

/  Reports  of  Commissions. 

^i^.  Reports  from  Special   Conuiiittees. 


L 


76  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVEXTIOX. 

Ji.     Miscellaneous  business. 

\'I.  The  Order  of  the  Da\'  shall  be  taken  w\i  at  the  hour 
appointed,  unless  postponed  by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  the  mem- 
bers  present. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  to  prepare  and  place 
upon  the  table  in  front  of  his  desk,  each  morning  after  the 
opening"  of  the  House,  a  calendar  of  all  Orders  of  the  Day  not 
yet  discharged. 

VII.  Bishops  invited  to  honorary  seats  may  be  introduced 
by  the  President  whenever  no  other  business  occupies  the  House. 

GENERAL    RULES. 

I.  As  an  indication  of  our  humble  dependence  upon  the 
Word  and  Spirit  of  God,  and  following  the  example  of  Primi- 
tive Councils,  a  copy  of  the  Holy  Scriptures  shall  always  be 
reverently  placed  in  view  of  the  meetings  of  this  House. 

II.  There  shall  be  added  to  other  Religious  Services  of  this 
House  the  Administration  of  the  Holy  Communion  once  in 
every  week. 

HI.  Committees  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Chairman  of  the 
House,  unless  otherwise  ordered.  The  Bishop  first  named  on 
the  Committee  shall  act  as  its  convener,  and  each  Committee 
at  its  first  meeting  shall  elect  its  own  Chairman.  Whenever  an 
appointment  to  any  place  or  position  is  made  by  direct  action 
of  the  House,  such  appointment  shall  be  by  ballot.  The  Stand- 
ing Committees,  to  be  announced  not  later  than  the  third  day 
of  the  session,  shall  be  as  follows: 

1.  On  the  Prayer  Book. 

2.  On  Amendments  to  the  Constitution. 

3.  On  Canons. 

4.  On  the  Pastoral  Letter,  of  which  the  Presiding  Bishop 
shall  be    Chairman. 

5.  On  the  conduct  of  all  Religious  Services  connected  with 
the  Convention. 

6.  On   Domestic  Missions. 

7.  On   P^oreign  Missions. 

8.  On  Christian   lulucation. 

9.  On  the  Consecration  of  Bishops. 

10.     On  the  Nomination  of  Missionary  Bishops.    ' 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  yy 

11.  On  the  Admission  of  New  Dioceses. 

12.  On  the  General  Theological  Seminary. 

13.  On  Memorials  and  Petitions. 

14.  On  Unfinished  Business. 

15.  On  Despatch  of  Business. 

16.  On  Rules  of  Order. 

Each  of  these  Committees  shall  consist  of  not  more  than 
five  nor  less  than  three  members,  at  the  discretion  of  the  Chair- 
man of  the  House,  except  that  the  Committee  on  Canons  shall 
consist  of  seven  members. 

IV.  No  memorial,  petition,  or  address  shall  come  before 
this  House  unless  presented  b}'  the  Chairman  of  the  House,  or 
some  other  Bishop  present. 

V.  Nothing  other  than  reports  and  other  documents  printed 
for  the  use  and  by  the  order  of  the  House,  except  the  private 
correspondence  of  its  members,  shall  be  distributed  in  the 
House  without  having  first  been  entrusted  to  the  Secretary,  and 
submitted  to  the  approval  of  the  Presiding  Officer. 

\T.  All  resolutions  shall  be  reduced  to  writing;  and  no 
motion  shall  be  considered  as  before  the  House  until  seconded. 

VH.  Members  in  discussion  shall  address  the  Chair,  and 
shall  confine  themselves  to  the  point  in  debate.  No  member 
shall  speak  more  than  twice  in  the  same  debate  without  leave 
of  the  House. 

Vni.  Ever}'  member  present  shall,  on  a  dixision,  be  coun- 
ted, unless  personally  interested  in  the  question  to  be  decided. 
When,  in  taking  a  question,  the  President's  vote  produces  a  tie, 
the  motion  shall  be  considered  as  lost. 

IX.  The  ayes  and  nays  may  be  required  by  any  three  mem- 
bers, and  shall  in  such  cases  be  entered  on  the  Journal. 

X.  When  a  question  is  under  consideration,  no  luotion  shall 
be  received  unless  to  lay  it  upon  the  table,  to  postpone  it  to  a 
certain  time,  to  postpone  it  indefinitely,  to  commit  it,  to  amend 
it,  or  to  divide  it;  and  motions  for  any  of  these  purposes  shall 
have  precedence  in  the  order  herein  named.  Motions  to  lay 
upon  the  table  and  to  adjourn  shall  be  decided  without  debate. 
A  motion  to  adjourn  shall  always  be  in  order. 

XI.  On  motion  duly  put  and  carried,  the  House  may  re- 
solve itself    into  a  Committee  of  the  Whole,  when  a  Chairman 


jS  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

of  the  same  shall  be  elected.     The  Junior  Bishop  present  shall 
act  as  Clerk  of  the  Committee,  and  make  a  record  of  its  action. 

XII.  Reports  of  Committees  shall  be  in  writing,  and  shall 
be  received  of  course,  and  without  motion  for  acceptance,  unless 
re-committed  by  a  \'ote  of  the  House.  Reports  recommend- 
ing or  requiring  any  action  or  expression  of  opinion  by  the 
House  shall  be  accompanied  by  specific  resolutions. 

XIII.  Reports  of  Committees  appointed  to  sit  during  the 
recess,  if  not  acted  upon  at  once,  shall,  when  presented,  be  made 
the  Order  of  the  Day  for  a  time  fixed. 

XIV.  All  questions  of  order  shall  be  decided  b\'  the  Chair 
without  debate,  but  appeal  may  be  taken  from  such  decision. 
On  such  appeal  no  member  shall  speak  more  than  once  with- 
out express  leave  of  the  House. 

XV.  Amendments  shall  be  considered  in  the  order  in  which 
they  are  moved.  When  a  proposed  amendment  is  under  con- 
sideration, a  motion  to  amend  the  same  may  be  made.  No  after- 
amendment  to  such  second  amendment  shall  be  in  order,  but  a 
substitute  for  the  whole  matter  may  be  received.  No  proposition 
on  a  subject  differing  from  the  one  under  consideration  shall 
be    received  under  color  of  a  substitute. 

XVI.  A  question,  being  once  determined,  shall  stand  as  the 
judgment  of  the  House,  and  shall  not  be  again  drawn  into  de- 
bate during  the  same  session  of  the  Convention,  except  with 
the  consent  of  two-thirds  of  the  House.  A  motion  to  recon- 
sider can  only  be  made  by  one  who  voted  with  the  majority 
on  the  previous  determination  of  the  question. 

XVII.  Messages  from  the  House  of  Deputies  shall  be  hand- 
ed by  the  Secretary  of  this  House  to  the  President,  to  be  laid 
before  the  House  as  early  as  may  be  convenient.  Committees 
from  the  House  of  Deputies  shall  be  admitted  immediately. 

XVIII.  The  Committee  on  Despatch  of  Business  shall,  each 
day,  before  the  adjournment  of  the  House,  report  any  action 
of  the  House  of  Deputies  which  is  liable  to  acquire  the  effect 
of  law  without  the  concurrence  of  this   House. 

XIX.  Two  of  the  Bishops  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Chair 
to  act  with  the  Secretary  in  preparing  daily  reports  of  the  action 
of  this  House,  and  furnishing  them,  at  their  discretion,  to  public 
journalists. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL   CONVENTION.  79 

XX.  It  shall  be  competent  for  the  House  of  Bishops  to 
convene  as,  or,  being  convened,  to  resolve  itself  into  a  Council 
of  Bishops,  at  which  only  members  of  the  House  of  Bishops 
and  elected  ofificers  of  the  Council  shall  be  present,  and  in  which 
one  of  the  members  of  the  Council,  chosen  for  that  purpose, 
shall  act  as  Clerk. 

XXI.  Bishops  admitted  to  honorary  seats  shall  be  conducted 
to  the  seats  assigned  to  them  by  the  Bishops  who  introduce 
them  ;  and,  except  when  privileged  business  is  before  the  House, 
or  when  this  House  resolves  itself  into  a  Council  of  Bishops, 
shall  at  all  times  be  entitled  to  be  present. 

XXII.  In  the  event  of  the  calling  a  special  meeting  of  the 
House  of  Bishops,  notice  shall  be  issued  for  the  same,  and  de- 
livered or  posted  at  least  forty  -  five  days  before  the  first  day 
of  the  proposed  meeting.  A  request  shall  accompany  the  notice 
that  an  answer  be  returned  as  early  as  convenient  from  each 
Bishop,  stating  whether  he  will  be  able  to  attend  or  no.  In  the 
event  of  the  failure  to  obtain  a  favorable  reply  from  a  sufficient 
number  of  the  Bishops  to  constitute  a  majority  of  the  whole 
House,  notice  of  such  failure  shall  be  sent  to  each  of  the  Bishops 
at  least  twelve  days  before  the  first  day  of  the  proposed  ses- 
sion, and  the  call  for  such  meeting  shall  be  held  as  satisfied, 
and  of  no  further  effect. 

XXIII.  The  ballot  for  the  nomination  of  a  Missionary  Bishop 
shall  not  be  had  until  the  day  after  the  presentation  of  the 
names  of  Presbyters  suggested  for  the  office,  without  unanimous 
consent  ;  and  it  is  recommended  that  the  administration  of  the 
Holy  Communion  precede  the  ballot. 

XXIV.  None  of  the  Rules  of  Order  shall  be  suspended 
without  the  concurrence  of  two-thirds  of  the  members  present. 

XXV.  These  Rules  shall  be  in  force  in  subsequent  session 
of  this   House  until  otherwise  ordered. 

STANDING    ORDERS. 

1.  The  Senior  Bishop  of  the  Church  present  at  any  General 
Convention  is  the  Presiding  Bishop    in    the  House    of    Bishops. 

2.  The  Senior  Bishop  of  this  Church  is  the  Presiding  Bishop 
for  all  other  purposes  contained  in  the  Canons. 


80  IIISTORV  OF  (iENERAL  COXVENTION. 

3.  Whereas,  By  provision  of  Title  I,  Canon  19,  §  ii  [2], 
§  iii  [l],  and  §  xvi  [  i  ],  the  Presiding  Bishop  of  the  House  is 
empowered  to  take  order  for  the  ordination  or  consecration  of 
Diocesan  and  Missionary  Bishops,  either  in  his  own  person  or 
by  commission  issued  to  three   Bishops: 

It  is  hereby  ordered,  that  in  all  cases  of  Episcopal  conse- 
crations, the  place  for  the  same,  if  not  in  the  Diocese  or  Juris- 
diction of  the  Presiding  Bishop  or  of  the  Bishop  appointed  by 
him  to  preside  at  the  solemnity,  shall  be  designated  only  with 
the  consent  of  the  Bishop  in  whose  Diocese  or  Jurisdiction  it 
is  ;  that  the  Bishop-elect  shall  have  the  right  to  designate  the 
preacher  and  the  two  Bishops  by  whom  he  is  to  be  presented; 
and  that,  in  the  absence  of  the  Presiding  Bishop,  the  Senior 
Bishop  of  this  Church  present  at  any  consecration  of  a  Bishop 
is  the  Bishop  presiding  for  that  solemnity,  unless  some  other 
Bishop  shall  have  been  assigned  to  such  service  on  any  special 
occasion  by  the  Presiding  Bishop,  or  by  the  Bishops  present 
at  the  consecration. 

4.  Seniority  among  the  Bishops  is  according  to  the  time  of 
the  Consecration  of  each   Bishop. 

5.  Two  or  more  of  the  Bishops  shall  be  appointed  at  each 
General  Convention,  to  take  charge,  together  with  the  Secretary 
of  the  House  of  Bishops,  of  the  Journal  of  its  proceedings, 
and  to  see  that  the  whole,  or  such  parts  of  it  as  the  House 
may  direct,  be  entered  in  its  proper  place  in  the  Journal  of  the 
General  Convention. 

6.  The  House  of  Bishops  shall  assemble  on  every  morning 
during  the  period  of  the  General  Convention,  except  the  Lord's 
Day,  for  business,  unless  adjournment  beyond  that  morning  has 
been  ordered  by  the  vote  of  the  House. 

7.  The  daily  session  of  this  House  shall  be  closed  with  the 
Benediction,  pronounced  by  the  Bishop  presiding. 

8.  The  Standing  Committee  on  the  Nomination  of  Missionary 
Bishops  shall  receive  any  information  touching  any  one  who 
has  been  nominated  for  election  as  Missionary  Bishop,  and  es- 
pecially any  information  concerning  the  intellectual,  moral,  and 
physical  qualifications  of  the  person  nominated,  with  dates  of 
birth  and  graduation,  and  specific  statements  as  to  theological 
attainments,  proficiency  in  languages,  ancient  and  modern,  and 
as    to    aiu'    specialty    in    sacred    studies  to   which  he  may  have 


HISTORY  OF  CENERAL  COA'VEXTIOX.  8 1 

devoted  himself;  and  shall  report  to  the  Mouse  the  u.imes  of 
such  persons  nominated  as  appear  to  them  fitted  for  the  luris- 
diction  to  be  filled. 

g.  The  Secretary  of  the  House  of  Bishops  shall  keep,  in  a 
suitable  book  to  be  provided  for  the  })uri)ose,  a  Record  of  the 
members  and  officers  of  the  House  from  the  bej^innini;".  and 
shall  record  therein  the  names  of  the  Bishops  who  are  or  ha\e 
been  members  of  this  House,  the  date  and  place  of  their  con- 
secration, the  names  of  their  consecrators,  to^^ether  with  the 
date  of  the  termination,  by  death,  resignation,  or  otherwise,  of 
the  membership  of  such  I^ishops  as  ha\-e  ceased  to  have  a  seat 
in  this  House  ;  all  which  facts  shall  be  recorded  onl\-  upon 
official  information,  for  which  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Sec- 
retar}'  to  call  upon  such  persons  as  may  be  competent  to  fur- 
nish the  same.  The  said  book  of  record  shall  be  the  official 
Register  of  this  House,  and  the  Roll  of  the  House  made  up 
therefrom  by  the  Secretary  shall  be  by  him  certified  to  its 
Presiding  Officer,  who  shall  at  each  regular  or  special  session 
of  the  House  communicate  the  same  to  the  House,  as  its  official 
Roll,  as  soon  as  he  shall  ha.\e  taken  the  chair.  Such  Roll  shall 
be  subject  to  change  only  by    vote  of  the  House. 

10.  In  making  up  the  list  of  the  Bishops  who  have  retained 
their  constituted  right  to  seats  in  this  House,  the  Secretary  is 
instructed  to  leave  the  name  of  any  Bishop  resigned  in  the 
place  which  he  occupies  in  the  order  of  his  consecration,  with 
the  addition  of  the  word  "  Bishop,"  which  shall  be  considered 
as  the  sufficient  official  title  of  such  resigned  Bishop. 

11.  In  the  event  of  the  loss  by  any  Bishop  of  his  seat  in 
the  House  of  Bishops,  with  the  consequent  omission  of  his  name 
from  the  roll,  and  his  return  to  the  House,  his  name  shall  be 
entered  on  the  roll  of  the  [)lace  corresponding  with  the  time 
of  such  return. 

12.  It  is  the  judgment  of  the  House  of  Bishops  that  the 
Foreign  Missionary  Bishops  of  the  Church  should  attend  the 
sessions  of  the  General  Convention. 

RESOLUTION.S    ADOPTED    OCTOI5ER     1 8,    1 892. 

Resolved,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  House  it  is  competent 
for  the  Presiding  Bishop  to  devolve  all  the  duties  pertaining 
to  his  office  upon   the  Chairman  elected  by  the   House. 


82  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Resolved,  That  it  is  competent  for  any  Bishop  to  decline 
entering  upon  the  office  of  Presiding  Bishop,  and  to  resign  the 
same  at  his  discretion. 

Resolved,  That  whenever  it  is  evident  that  the  Presiding 
Bishop  is  incompetent  to  discharge  the  duties  of  his  office,  and 
at  the  same  time  disqualified  by  mental  infirmity  for  the  intel- 
ligent resignation  of  his  office,  it  shall  be  incumbent  upon  the 
Bishops  of  the  seven  Dioceses  nearest  the  Diocese  of  the  Pre- 
siding Bishop,  or,  if  he  have  no  Diocese,  nearest  the  Diocese 
or  Jurisdiction  relinquished  by  him,  to  call,  through  the  Chair- 
man of  the  House,  a  special  meeting  of  the  House  of  Bishops 
for  the  purpose  of  taking  action  to  meet  the  emergency. 


p 


CHAPTER  VI. 

The    House  of  Deputies. 

second  dav. 

RESIDENT  DIX  took  the  chair  and  announced  the  follow- 
ing committees: 

COMMITTEE    ON    THE    STATE    OF    THE    CHUKC]!. 


The  Re\'.  Dr.  Duncan,  of  Louisiana  ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Barnwell, 
of  Alabama  ;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Edmunds,  of  Albany  ;  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Miller,  of  Arkasas;  the  Re\'.  Dr.  Trew,  of  California;  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Olmstead,  of  Central  New  York;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Powers, 
of  Central  Pennsylvania;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Edwards,  of  Chicago;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Newton,  of  Colorado;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Lines,  of  Con- 
necticut; the  Rev.  Mr.  Bartlett.  of  Delaware;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Harding,  of  East  Carolina;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Roberts,  of  P^aston; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Shields,  of  Florida;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Dafter,  of  Pond 
du  Lac;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Reese,  of  Georgia;  the  Rev.  Mr  Stanle\', 
of  Indiana;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Green,  of  Iowa;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas, 
of  Kansas;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Ward,  of  Kentucky;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Breed,  of  Long  Island;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Moody,  of  Maine;  the 
Rev.  Dr.  McKim,  of  Maryland;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hodges,  of  Mas- 
sachusetts; the  Rev.  Mr.  McLean,  of  Michigan;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Jewell,  of  Milwaukee;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Nichols,  of  Minnesota;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Morris,  of  Mississippi;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Green,  of  Mis- 
souri; the  Rev  Mr.  Gardner,  of  Nebraska;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Water- 
man, of  New  Hampshire;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Glazebrook.  of  New 
Jersey;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Car- 
ter, of  Newark;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Buxton,  of  North  Carolina;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Aves,  of  Ohio;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Short,  of  Oregon;  the 
Rev.   Dr.   Parks,  of  Pennsvlvania;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Arundel,  of  Pitts- 


k 


84  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

burg;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Jeffords,  of  Ouincy;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Henshaw, 
of  Rhode  Island;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Porter,  of  South  Carolina;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  (iibson,  of  Southern  Ohio;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Meade,  of 
Southern  Virginia;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Dresser,  of  Springfield;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Winchester,  of  Tennessee;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Beckwith,  of  Texas; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Collins,  of  Vermont;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Carmichael,  of 
Virginia;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Talbot,  of  West  Missouri;  the  Rev.  Dr 
Roller,  of  West  Virginia;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Fair,  of  Western  Mich- 
igan; the  Rev.  Dr.  Lobdell,  of  Western  New  York;  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Prout,  of  Montana;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rafter,  of  Wyoming;  the 
Rev.   Mr.   Massie,  of  Shanghai. 

GENERAL    THEOLOGICAL    SEMINARY. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Littell,  of  Delaware;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Carey,  of 
Albany;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Browne,  of  Long  Island;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Sills,  of  Maine;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Prall,  of  Michigan;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Baker,  of  New  Jersey;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Leffingwell,  of  Quincy;  Mr. 
King,  of  Long  Island;  Mr.  Merrick,  of  Pennsylvania;  Mr.  Mc- 
Whorter,  of  Central  New  York;  Mr.  Hayes,  of  Newark;  Mr. 
Parker,  of  Colorado;   Mr.   King,  of  Rhode  Island. 

DOMESTIC    AND    FOREIGN    MISSIONARY    SOCIETY. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Leffingwell,  of  Maine;  the  Rev.  Dr.  McVickar, 
of  Pennsylvania;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Lawrence,  of  Massachusetts;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Burton,  of  Kentucky;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Anstice,  of  West- 
ern New  York;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Seabrease,  of  Indiana;  Mr.  Stark, 
of  Connecticut;  Mr.  McNeal,  of  Tennessee;  Mr.  Brown,  of  Rhode 
Island;  Mr.  McBee,  of  North  Carolina;  Mr.  Bryan,  of  Virginia; 
Mr.  Pierrepont,  of  Long  Island. 

ADMISSION    OF    NEW    DIOCESES. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Richards,  of  Rhode  Island;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Car- 
michael, of  East  Carolina;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Harrison,  of  Spring- 
field; the  Rev.  Dr.  Lindsay,  of  Massachusetts;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Moore,  of  West  Missouri;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Restarick,  of  California; 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Fitts,  of  Kentucky;  Mr.  P'arwell,  of  New  Hamp- 
shire; Mr.  Wilmer,  of  Maryland;  Mr.  Perry,  of  Fond  du  Lac; 
Mr.  Pell  Clark,  of  Albany;  Mr.  Canfield,  of  Vermont;  Mr.  Paine, 
of  Massachusetts. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  85 

CONSECRATION    OF    BISHOTS. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York;  the  Rev.  Dr.  foncs, 
of  Central  Pennsylvania;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Nelson,  of  Western  New 
York;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Strong,  of  Georgia;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Tucker, 
of  Southern  Virginia;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Judd,  of  Iowa;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Johnson,  of  Michigan;  Mr.  Robinson,  of  Kentucky;  Mr.  Xicoll, 
of  Long  Island;  Mr.  Candee,  of  Springfield;  Mr.  Lee.  of  South 
Carolina;  Mr.  Thomas,  of  Pennsylvania;  Mr.  White,  of  Central 
New  York. 

AMENDMENTS    TO    THE    CONSTITUTION. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  of  New  York;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Har- 
wood,  of  Connecticut;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Maryland;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Faude,  of  Minnesota;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Stone,  of  Chicago; 
Mr.  Wilder,  of  Minnesota;  Mr.  Woolworth,  of  Nebraska;  Mr. 
Mills,  of  Newark;  Mr.  P^dmunds,  of  Vermont;  Mr.  Bennett,  of 
Massachusetts;  Mr.  Stiness,  of  Rhode  Island;  Mr.  (iilbert,  of 
.Springfield;   Mr.   Miller,  of  (icorgia. 

COMMITTEE    ON    CANONS. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  of  Tennessee;  the  Rev.  Dr.  P'ccles- 
ton,  of  Maryland;  the  Rc\-.  Dr.  Mann,  of  West  Missouri;  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Bates,  of  Ohio;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Taylor,  of  .Springfield; 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Fulton,  of  Pennsylvania;  the  Re\-.  Dr.  Morrison, 
of  Albany;  Mr.  Burgwin,  of  Pittsburg;  Mr.  Ingalls,  of  Maine; 
Mr.  Lyman,  of  Chicago;  Mr.  Battle,  of  North  Carolina;  Mr. 
Lightner,  of  Minnesota;   Mr.  .Stetson,  of  New  \'ork. 

COMMITTEE    ON    EXPENSES. 

Mr.  Sowdon,  of  Massachusetts;  the  Rev.  Dr.  .Spalding,  ot 
California;  Mr.  Nelson,  of  .Alabama;  Mr.  Moss,  of  Central  New 
York;  Mr.  Stettinius,  of  Southern  Ohio;  Mr.  Mather,  of  Oiiio; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Baker,  of  Central  Penns\-lvania;  the  Rev  Dr.  Parks, 
of  Penns\-lvania;  Mr.  Roots,  of  Arkansas;  Mr.  W'ilnier  of  \'ir- 
gina;  Mr.  Triplett,  of  Missouri;  Mr.  Carpender.  of  New  jeisex-; 
Mr.  Goodwin,  of  Connecticut. 


86  IIISTOKY  OF  GENERAL  CONVEXTIOX. 

COMMITTEE    ON    UXFIMSHEU    BUSINESS. 

The  Rc\-.  Dr.  Bcatt}-  of  Kansas;  the  Rev.  Ur.  Roberts,  of 
New  Hampshire;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bcnnitt,  of  Newark;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Sweet,  of  Ouiney;  the  Rev.  Dr.  .Swope,  of  West  V^irginia; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Oakes,  of  Colorado;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Schouler,  of 
Easton;  Mr.  Ouinlan.  of  .Springfield;  Mr.  Skiddy,  of  Connect- 
icut; Mr.  Hardcastle,  of  Easton;  Mr.  Hanrich,  of  Texas;  Mr. 
Lamb,  of  East  Carolina;   Mr.  Irwin,   M.  D.,  of  Indiana. 

COMMITTEE    ON    ELECTIONS. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Locke,  of  Chicago;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Marshall,  of 
North  Carolina;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Brewster,  of  Long  Island;  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Fair,  of  Western  Michigan;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Parks,  of 
Massachusetts;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Drane,  of  East  Carolina;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Rhodes,  of  Southern  Ohio;  Mr.  Morehouse,  of  Milwaukee; 
Mr.  Davis,  of  Massachusetts;  Mr.  Hooper,  of  California;  Mr. 
Miner,  of  Louisiana;  Mr.  Withers,  of  Southern  Virginia;  Mr. 
Griffin,  of  New  ILimpshire. 

COMMITTEE  ON  THE  PRAYER  BOOK. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Perkins,  of  Kcntuck)-;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Batter- 
shall,  of  Albany;  the  Rew  Dr.  Hodges,  of  Maryland;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Gold,  of  Chicago;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Rankin,  of  Western  New 
York;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Blanchard,  of  Pennsylvania;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Christian,  of  Newark;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Foute,  of  California;  Mr. 
Biddle,  of  Pennsylvania;  Mr.  Parker,  of  Newark;  Mr.  Temple, 
of  Vermont;  Mr.  Morgan,  of  New  York;  Mr.  Parke,  of  Mich- 
igan. 

COMMITTEE    ON    CHRISTIAN    EDUCATION. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Bliss,  of  Vermont  ;  the  Re\'.  Dr.  Jones,  of 
Ohio  ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Doherty,  of  Nebraska  ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Gard- 
ner, of  Fond  du  Lac  ;  the  Rev.  Di;.  Greer,  of  New  York  ;  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Douglas,  of  Louisiana  ;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Tatlock,  of 
Michigan;  Mr.  Curtis,  of  Delaware  ;  Mr.  Atwater,  of  Minnesota; 
Mr.  Fairbanks,  of  Plorida  ;  Mr.  Brown,  of  Maine  ;  Mr.  Nash, 
of  New  York  ;    Mr.  Garnett,  of  Virginia. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  Sy 

MEMORIALS    OF    DECEASED    MEMBERS. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop,  of  Long  Island  ;  the  Rev^  Dr.  Vaulx, 
of  Arkansas  ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Carter,  of  Florida ;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Harris,  of  Mississippi  ;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Robert,  of  Missouri  ;  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Spaulding,  of  Alabama;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Brooks,  of  Pitts- 
burg; Mr.  Laidley,  of  West  Virginia;  Mr.  Stimpson,  of  Kansas; 
Mr.  Covington,  of  Kentucky  ;  Mr.  Eagal,  of  Iowa  ;  Mr.  Pratt, 
of  West  Missouri  ;    Mr.   Porter  of  Mississippi. 

RULES    OF    ORDER. 

Mr.  Woolworth,  of  Nebraska ;  Mr.  Burgwin,  of  Pittsburg ; 
Mr.  Packard,  of  Maryland  ;  Mr.  Stetson,  of  New  York  ;  the 
Rev.  Dr.   Elliott,  of  Maryland. 

Then  the  Rev.  A.  G.  Trew,  LL.  D.,  of  California,  presented 
a  petition  asking  for  the  division  of  that  Diocese.  It  was  re- 
ferred to  the  Committee  on  Admission  of  Dioceses.  The  Rev. 
J.  S.  Eccleston,  D.  D.,  of  Maryland,  presented  a  petition  for 
the  division  of  that  Diocese,  which  was  also  referred.  The 
Rev.  K.  T.  Perkins,  D.  D.,  of  Kentucky,  presented  a  petition 
for  the  division  of  that  Diocese,  which  was  also  referred.  The 
Rev.  G.  Mott  Williams,  of  Northern  Michigan,  presented  a  peti- 
tion asking  that  the  Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  Northern  Mich- 
igan be  admitted  into  union  with  the  Convention  as  a  Diocese  ; 
referred  to  the  same  committee.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Prall,  of  Mich- 
igan, in  offering  a  resolution  respecting  the  reception  of  the 
delegation  from  the  General  Synod  of  the  Church  of  England 
in  Canada,  used  the  words,  "To  the  American  Church."  This 
designation  instantly  brought  to  his  feet  the  Rev.  Hartley  Car- 
michael,  D.  D.,  who  asked  to  be  informed  if  that  be  the  proper 
designation,  and  said  he  had  never  heard  it  so  named  before. 
He  moved  to  amend  and  put  in  the  resolution  the  words, 
"  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  United  States,"  innovations 
in  nomenclature,  evidently,  not  meeting  the  Doctor's  approval. 
Dr.  Prall.  with  that  suavity  for  which  he  is  distinguished,  said 
checrfull}-,  "I  accept  amendment;"  whereupon  cries  of  "No, 
no."  were  heard,  and  the  Doctor  said,  "  All  right.  I  withdraw 
my  acceptance.  "  Whereupon  Mr.  Arthur  J.  C.  Sowdcn,  ol 
Massachusetts,  said,  "  The  words  '  American  Church  '  are  no 
doubt  intended  as  a  description  of  our    Church    as    oi)posed  to 


88  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

the  Canadian  Church,  and  do  not  convey  any  theological  idea 
whatever."  And  so,  for  this  purpose,  "American  Church"  was 
left  in  its  glory  b\'  a  majority  of  nearly  three  to  one.  At 
the  hour  of  1 1,  Re\-.  I^ugenc  A.  Hoffman,  D.  D.,  Dean  of  the 
(ieneral  Theological  Seminary  of  New  York,  called  for  the  order 
of  the  day.  took  the  platform  and  addressed  the  Convention  on 
the  Revised  Constitution  and  Canons,  a  subject  with  which  he 
is  perfectly  familiar.  His  address  was  clear,  concise  and  able. 
He  paid  a  high  tribute  to  the  diligence,  fidelity  and  ability  of 
the  members  of  the  Commission,  who  had  spent  much  time 
and  labor  upon  the  work  of  revision.  They  had  received  a  large 
number  of  suggestions,  some  of  great  value  and  others  appar- 
ently of  little  worth ;  they  had  reviewed  the  history  of  the 
present  Constitution  and  Canon  Law^  and  the  history  of  the 
Church  under  their  guidance.  The  Commission  had  carefully 
reviewed  the  needs  of  the  Church,  and  endeavored  to  propose 
revised  Constitution  and  Canons  which  experience  had  proved 
to  be  necessary  for  expeditious,  wise  and  needful  work  and 
go\ernment.  It  has  been  the  one  object  of  the  Commission  to 
make  the  Revised  Constitution  and  Canons  conformable  to 
Catholic  usage  and  modern  needs.  New  principles  were  not 
introduced.  Where  the  old  Constitution  and  Canons  had  been 
conflicting,  obscure  or  cumbersome,  changes  had  been  made  in 
the  interest  of  clearness  and  harmony.  He  moved  that  the 
House  go  into  committee  of  the  whole,  so  that  ample  consid- 
eration and  discussion  could  be  had.  The  Rev.  John  Fulton, 
D.  I).,  of  Philadelphia,  who  is  editor  of  "The  Church  Standard," 
and  one  of  the  best  known  and  generally  acknowledged  to  be 
one  of  the  greatest  authorities  on  Canon  Law  in  the  Church, 
then  addressed  the  Convention  against  the  proposed  revision. 
In  doing  so  he  said  :  "  It  is  my  desire  to  impress  upon  this 
Convention  the  vast  perplexities  and  trouble  ahead  in  .the  con- 
sideration of  this  report."  The  subject  was  fairly  launched  for 
and  against.  Hon.  John  H.  Stiness,  one  of  the  judges  of  the 
Supreme  Court  in  Rhode  Island,  and  a  man  of  great  legal  knowl- 
edge, offered  a  substitute  resolution,  sending  the  report  of  the 
Commission  to  the  committee  of  the  whole,  subject  to  the 
action  of  the  House.  The  resolution  was  carried  by  a  majority 
of  five  votes,  135  to  130,  so  the  House  went  into  committee  of 
the  whole.     At  the    recjuest  of  Dr.  Dix,  Deputy  Joseph  Packard, 


HTSTORV  OF  GEXHRAL  COXVEXTIOX.  89 

from  Maryland,  took  the  chair.  Dr.  Hoffman  read  the  declar- 
ation printed  preceding  the  Constitution,  when  Rev.  James  S. 
.Stone,  of  Chicago,  made  a  speech  against  it.  Deputy  Stone 
is  a  member  of  the  Revision  Commission.  He  said,  "There 
is  certainly  a  division  of  opinion  in  the  Commission  in  regard 
to  this  declaration."  He  thought  no  such  preface  was  need- 
ed, but  if  needed,  then  this  is  sufficient  ;  it  does  not  go  far 
enough  to  cover  the  ground.  He  moved  that  the  resolution 
offered  accepting  the  preamble  be  laid  upon  the  table.  The 
chairman  said  a  committee  of  the  whole  had  no  power  to  lay 
on  the  table.  The  Rev.  F.  W.  Taylor,  D.  D.,  of  the  Diocese 
of  Springfield,  took  the  view  of  Dr.  Stone.  Mr.  Hill  Burgwin, 
of  Pittsburg,  moved  that  the  Committee  rise,  report  progress 
and  ask  leave  to  sit  again  in  order  to  put  the  rules  in  more 
satisfactory  shape.  This  was  done.  Dr.  Hoffman  promptly 
moved  that  the  rules  of  the  House  be  referred  to  a  Committee 
on  Rules  for  Revision,  for  the  use  of  the  House  of  Deputies 
when  sitting  as  a  committee  of  the  whole. 

It  was  now  high  noon.  The  House  of  Bishops  and  the  Cana- 
dian Delegation  having  been  received  with  becoming  ceremonx-. 
Bishop  Coxe,  who  had  been  called  the  Lord  Chesterfield  of  the 
American  Episcopal  Bench  of  Bishops,  took  the  chair,  and  in 
words  most  suitable  introduced  the  members  of  the  Canadian 
Delegation,  who  were:  The  Most  Rev.  R.  Machray,  D.  D.,  LL. 
D.,  prelate  of  the  Order  of  St.  George,  Archbishop  of  Rupert's 
Land,  and  Metropolitan  of  all  Canada.  This  is  the  style  and 
title  of  a  man  who  looks  every  inch  like  a  king.  He  is  si.x 
feet,  four  inches  tall,  and  broad  withal;  one  of  the  best  mathe- 
maticians in  Canada.  At  Cambridge,  England,  he  was  the 
wrangler  in  his  class.  Thirty  years  ago  he  was  made  Bishoj) 
of  Rupert's  Land,  and  worked  with  wonderful  energy  and  faith. 
Where  one  Bishop  was  then,  seven  and  himself,  Archbishop, 
are  now, — eight  in  all,  so  great  has  been  the  result  of  his  work 
and  plans.     .Such  is  the   head    of   the    delegation    from  Canada. 

My  Lord  Bishop  Burns,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  as  I  heard  a  cler- 
gyman from  Canada  style  him,  as  all  his  clerg}'  do,  was  a 
wrangler  also.  The  F^nglish  Church  Authorities  always  appoint 
to  be  Bishops  men  of  scholarly  attainments.  He,  too,  has  been 
a  trreat  worker. 


90  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Very  Rcw  James  CarmiclTacl,  Dean  of  Montreal,  a  famous 
preacher,  and  a  man  of  renown  in  the  Dominion. 

Rev.  J.  Grisdale,  B.  D.,  D.  C.  L.  This  man  has  seen  mission 
life  from  Persia  to  Manitoba,  —  preacher,  teacher,  professor, 
e\angelical  and  earnest,  a  representative  man  is  he. 

Matthew  Wilson,  O.  C,  is  an  evangelical  churchman,  but  not 
a  narrow  one  ;  a  bright  light  in  the  legal  world.  He  lives  at 
Chatham,  Ontario,  and  holds   many  ofifices  in  the  Church. 

Mr.  A.  H.  Brock  hails  from  Windsor,  and  is  a  marked  man, 
or  he  would  not  have  been  in  such  company  on  such  important 
business. 

These  men  were,  one  by  one,  with  perfect  taste,  introduced 
to  the  Convention.  All  made  appropriate  short  speeches,  and 
left  a  gooci  impression  upon  the  churchmen  who  heard  them. 
It  was  evident  that  the  Church  is  one  bond  of  union,  large, 
and  strong  between  the  English-speaking  race.  The  Archbishop 
is  an  old  comrade  of  Bishop  Whipple's  in  missionary  work,  and 
no  man  could  have  been  more  genial  than  he.  Dean  Carmichael 
was  once  called  to  the  rectorate  of  one  of  the  leading  New  York 
churches.  If  the  delegation  from  Canada  take  home  as  good  a 
report  of  the  Convention  and  of  the  American  Church  as  they 
left  here  of  their  own  Church,  their  coming  to  Minneapolis 
must  be  for  the  good  of  both  Churches. 

The  House  again  assembled  at  3  o'clock,  when  Mr.  Burgwin, 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Rules,  reported  the  rules  which 
were  in  use  during  the  revision  of  the  Hymnal,  which  was 
adopted. 

Rev.  Dr.  H.  W.  Spalding,  of  Alabama,  and  Rev.  Dr.  John 
H.  Elliott,  of  Maryland,  addressed  the  Committee,  the  latter 
saying  he  doubted  whether  the  Church  had  power  to  establish 
a  Constitution.  After  much  discussion  it  was  seen  that  no 
resolution  had  been  made  in  respect  of  the  declaration.  Judge 
L.  Bradford  Prince,  New  Mexico,  moved  to  strike  out  the  entire 
declaration,  which  was  carried,  there  being  one  solitary  "no" 
heard.  Dr.  Hoffman  read  the  first  two  articles  of  the  report. 
Dr.  John  H.  Iiigar,  from  Central  New  York,  moved  to  add  "S" 
to  the  word  "Constitution"  making  the  title  "Constitutions  and 
Canons,"  which  was  carried.  The  Rev.  Dr.  V.  P.  Davenport 
of  Tennessee,  mo\ed  the  Articles  be  taken  up  section  by 
section.      This  being    done,  and    the  word  "synod"  being  used. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  9 1 

Mr.  Johnson,  of  Colorado,  moved  to  insert  the  word  "Conven- 
tion" in  its  place.  The  Rev.  Dr.  F.  S,  Jewell,  of  Milwaukee, 
objected  to  the  word  "synod"  as  being  Eastern  and  Presbyte- 
rian. Mr.  James  Carpender.  of  New  Jersey,  thought  the  term 
"Council"  better  than  either  "Synod"  or  "Convention."  The 
Rev.  R.  H.  Wheeler,  of  Fond  du  Lac,  thought  the  word  "  Na- 
tional" should  precede  "Council."  Gov.  Prince  took  the  same 
view.  Dr.  Carmichael,  of  Virginia,  favored  "(General  Conven- 
tion." Dr.  Fisk,  of  Rhode  Island,  and  others  continued  the 
debate,  when  Dr.  John  Fulton,  of  Pennsylvania,  addressed  the 
committee  and  made  the  point  that  a  council  from  apostolic 
times  had  meant  a  meeting  of  Bishops  only.  A  Convention  is 
more  than  a  Council;  it  is  a  meeting  of  Bishops  and  Polders  and 
Brethren  who  meet  to  consult  regarding  things  which  concern 
the  Kingdom  of  God.  This  address  made  a  deep  impression. 
When  the  vote  was  taken  it  was  seen  that  "Council,"  "National 
Council"  and  "Synod"  could  not  be  carried;  and  "General  Con- 
\ention"  was  allowed  to  stand.  Lay  Deputy  James  M.  Garnett 
now  mo\ed  to  insert  after  "General  Convention"  the  words 
"Protestant  P^piscopal  Church  of  the  United  States."  131  voted 
"Yes,"  151  said  "No."  And  so,  section  by  section,  for  and 
against,  the  discussion  was  carried  on.  At  5  o'clock  Dr.  Dix 
took  the  chair  and  Dr.  D.  C.  Roberts,  of  New  Hampshire 
mo\cd  that  the  chair  appoint  a  committee  to  confer  with  the 
local  committee  on  arrangements,  to  see  if  better  accommoda- 
tions could  not  be  provided  for  those  delegations  which  had  to 
sit  under  the  galleries.  The  Commercial  Club,  of  St.  Paul,  sent 
a  very  polite  invitation  to  the  Convention  to  go  to  their  city 
for  a  carriage  drive.  Mr.  Lightner  moved  the  acceptance  there- 
of, and  named  the  afternoon  of  October  loth  as  the  time,  which 
was  adopted. 


CHAPTER    Vn. 

The  House  of  Bishops. 

second  day. 

'T^HE  junior  Bishop   of   the  House,    the    Rt.  Rev.    Dr.    Mills- 
■•       paugh,  read  the  lesson  of  Scripture,  at  the  opening  of  the 
House    of  Bishops  this    morning,  when    the    Chairman,    the    Rt. 
Rev.  Dr.  Croswell  Doane,  bade  the  Bishops  to  prayer. 

Then,  in  accordance  with  the  Rules  of  Order,  the  presiding 
Bishop  reported  his  official  acts  since  the  Baltimore  Conven- 
tion, held  in  October,   1S92.     He  wrote: 

Rt.   Rev.  and  Dear  Brethren: — 

I  have  taken  order  for  the  Ordination  and  Consecration  of 
fifteen  Bishops,  viz.: 

The  Rt.  Rev.  George  Herbert  Kinsolving,  D.  D.,  assistant 
Bishop  (and  since  Bishop)  of  Texas,  consecrated  in  the  Church 
of  the  Epiphany,  Philadelphia,  October  12th  1892;  the  Rt.  Rev. 
Samuel  Henry  Wells,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of  Spokane,  consecrated  in 
Trinity  Church,  New  Haven,  December  i6th,  1892;  the  Rt.  Rev. 
William  Crane  Gra\',  D.  D.,  Bishop  of  Southern  Florida,  con- 
secrated in  the  Church  of  the  Advent,  Nashville,  December 
27th,  1892;  the  Rt.  Rev.  Francis  Key  Brooks,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of 
Oklahoma,  consecrated  in  Grace  Cathedral,  Topeka,  on  the  Feast 
of  the  P^piphany,  1893;  the  Rt.  Rev.  William  Morris  Barker,  D. 
D.,  Bishoj)  of  Western  Colorado  (and  since  Olympia),  conse- 
crated on  the  P'east  of  the  Conversion  of  St.  Paul,  in  .St.  Paul's 
Church,  Duluth;  the  Rt.  Rev.  John  McKim,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of 
Tokyo,  Japan;  and  the  Rt.  Rev.  Frederick  Rogers  Graves,  D. 
D.,  Bishop  of  .Shanghai,  China,  consecrated  in  .St.  Thomas' 
Church,  New  \'ork,  June  14th,  1893;  the  Rt.  Rev.  PLUison  Capers, 
D.  D.,  assistant  Bishop  (and  since  Bishop)  of   South    Carolina, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  93 

consecrated  in  Trinity  Church,  Columbia,  Jul}'  20th,  1893;  the 
Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  Frank  Gailor,  D.  D.,  consecrated  in  the  Chapel 
of  St.  Augusine,  Sewanee,  on  St.  James  day,  1893;  the  Rt.  Rev. 
William  Lawrence,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of  Massachusetts,  consecrated 
in  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  October  5th,  1893;  the  Rt.  Rev. 
Joseph  Blount  Cheshire,  Jr.,  D.  D.,  assistant  (and  since  Bishop) 
of  North  Carolina,  consecrated  in  Calvary  Church,  Tarboro, 
October  15th,  1893;  the  Rt.  Rev.  Arthur  Cranshay  AUiston  Hall, 
D.  D.,  Bishop  of  Vermont,  consecrated  in  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Burlington,  on  the  Feast  of  the  Purification,  1894;  the  Rt.  Rev. 
John  Brockenbrough  Newton,  D.  D.,  assistant  Bishop  of  Virginia, 
consecrated  in  the  Monumental  Church.  Richmond,  Ma\'  i6th, 
1894;  the  Rt.  Rev.  John  Ilazcn  White,  D.  D.,  consecrated  in 
St.  Paul's  Church,  Indianapolis,  on  St.  Philip  and  St.  James' 
da}',  1895;  ^'"'d  ^^''c  f^t-  I^ev.  Frank  Rosebrook  Millspaugh,  con- 
secrated in  Grace  Cathedral,  Topeka,  September  19th,   1895. 

I  presided  at  the  consecration  of  the  Bishops  of  Spokane 
and   Massachusetts. 

The  Bishop  of  Alabama  presided  at  the  consecration  of  the 
Bishop  of  Texas. 

The  Bishop  of  Tennessee  presided  at  the  consecration  of 
the  l^ishops  of  Southern  Florida  and  the  Assistant  Bishop  of 
Tennessee. 

The  Bishop  of  Missouri  presided  at  the  consecration  of  the 
Bishops  of  Oklahoma  and  Indiana. 

The  Bishop  of  Oregon  presided  at  the  consecration  of  the 
Bishop  of  Olympia. 

The  Bishop  of  Long  Island  presided  at  the  consecrations 
of  the  Bishops  of  Tokyo  and  Shanghai. 

The  late  Bishop  of  North  Carolina  presided  at  the  conse- 
crations of  the  Bishops  of  South  and  North  Carolina. 

The  Bishop  of  Maine  presided  at  the  consecration  of  the 
Bishop  of  Vermont. 

The  Bishop  of  Minnesota  presided  at  the  consecration  of 
the  Bishop  of  Kansas. 

The  Bishop  of  Virginia  presided  at  the  consecration  of  the 
Assistant  Bishop  of  the  Diocese. 

At  the  written  request  of  twelve  Bishops,  and  in  accordance 
with  provisions  of  Title  I,  Canon  19,  Section  16,  I  called,  in 
conformity  to  Rule  22  of  the  Rules  of  Order  of  this  House,  a 


94  HTSTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

special  meeting  of  the  House,  which  was  held  in  the  City  of 
New  York,  in  the  month  of  October,   1894. 

The  commission  to  the  Bishop  of  Albany,  assigning  to  him 
the  full  Episcopal  charge  of  our  churches  and  congregations 
on  the  continent  of  Europe,  having  determined  by  the  lapse 
of  time,  I  have,  in  accordance  with  provisions  of  Title  3,  Canon 
3,  Section  6,  renewed  the  said  commission.  I  have  nominated, 
from  year  to  year,  the  Rev.  Henry  Forrester  to  the  supervision 
of  the  work  in  Mexico,  and  the  nomination  has  been  confirmed 
by  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Missionary  Society  of  this 
Church. 

The  Missionary  District  of  Western  Colorado  having  become 
vacant  by  the  transference  of  its  Bishop  to  the  District  of 
Olympia,  I  have,  under  provision  of  Title  I,  Canon  19,  §  vi  (3), 
appointed  the  Bishop  of  Utah  and  Nevada  to  the  charge  of  the 
same, 

I  desire  gratefully  to  acknowledge  the  kindness  and  for- 
bearance of  the  House  with  me  on  my  shortcomings,  and  to 
assure  my  brethren  of  my  affectionate  and  earnest  prayers  for 
them  in  all  their  ways  and    work. 

I  am,  dear   brethren,  your  affectionate   brother  and  servant, 

(Signed),  J.  Williams, 

Bishop  of  Connecticut. 

Memorials  were  presented  from  the  Diocese  of  Maryland, 
praying  for  the  erection  of  a  new  Diocese  within  the  limits 
of  the  present  Diocese  of  Maryland  ;  from  the  clergy  and 
laity  of  the  Missionary  District  of  Northern  Michigan,  ask- 
ing to  be  admitted  into  union  with  the  General  Convention;  and 
from  the  Church  in  the  Diocese  of  Kentucky,  praying  for  the 
erection  of  a  new  Diocese  within  the  limits  of  the  present  see. 

It  was  proposed  to  amend  the  Rules  of  Order  so  as  to  re- 
quire the  call  of  the  Bishops  to  prayer  for  missions  at  noon, 
whenever  the  House  is  in  segsion  at  that  time. 

On  the  motion  of  the  Bishop  of  Western  Texas  it  was  re- 
solved "That  in  the  interest  of  good  morals  this  house  desires 
to  express  its  hearty  sympathy  with  the  prompt  and  courageous 
application  of  the  power  of  civil  government  to  the  repression 
of  barbarous,  brutal  and  indecent  exhibitions  and  recreation  of 
whatever  sort."     This  resolution  practically  indorsing  the  noble 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  95 

stand  taken  by  the  Governor  and  Legislature  of  Texas  in  prevent- 
ing the  impending  prize  fight  within  the  limits  of  the  state,  was 
referred  to  a  committee  to  be  appointed.  The  order  of  the  day, 
which  was  the  consideration  of  the  revised  constitution  and  can- 
ons, being  in  order,  it  was  resolved,  after  considerable  discussion, 
that  this  report  of  the  committee  be  considered  by  articles  and 
sections,  and  that  after  the  recess  to  attend  the  welcome  ex- 
tended to  the  Archbishop  and  Bishops,  together  with  the  clerical 
and  lay  representatives  of  the  Canadian  Church.  On  reassem- 
bling the  report  should  be  considered  in  the  committee  of  the 
whole. 

Bishops  Potter  and  Seymour  were  appointed  a  committee  to 
express  the  sympathy  and  loving  regard  of  the  house  to  the 
presiding  Bishop  and  the  brethren  beloved  who,  by  reason  of 
sickness,  age  or  infirmity,  were  prevented  from  attendance  upon 
this  session. 

After  the  recess  the  brethren  went  into  the  committee  of 
tiie  whole,  the  Bishop  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  chair,  for  the 
purpose  of  considering  the  proposed  revision  of  the  constitution 
reported  by  the  joint  committee. 


CHAPTER    Vni. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

third  day. 

A  T  9  o'clock  the  Rev.  J.  Lewis  Parks,  D.  D.,  of  Pennsyl- 
*^  vania,  and  Bishop  George  Worthington,  S.  T.  D  ,  LL.  D., 
read  morning  prayer,  as  the  order  is  every  day.  When  Dr.  Dix 
took  the  chair  a  memorial  was  presented  from  the  Diocese  of 
North  Carolina,  asking  that  the  western  part  be  made  into  a  mis- 
sionary jurisdiction.  It  is  always  a  solemn  time  when  the  memo- 
rials referring  to  members  of  the  House  who  have  passed  into 
Paradise  are  read.  This  morning,  those  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Coit, 
the  Rev.  J.  M.  C.  Fulton,  Rev.  W.  S.  McEwin  and  Dr.  Pugh  were 
presented  amid  impressive  silence.  The  Governor  of  Texas 
having  lately  prohibited  prize  fighting  in  that  State,  the  dele- 
gation from  New  Hampshire  desired  the  House  of  Deputies  to 
express  its  appreciation  of  his  action,  and  Rev.  Dr.  D.  C.  Rob- 
erts moved  a  resolution  for  the  purpose,  when  one  of  the  dele- 
gates arose  and  said  he  would  like  that  placed  on  the  calendar 
as  his  knowledge  was  not  revised  up  to  date  on  that  subject. 
This  was  done,  when  Gov.  Prince,  of  New  Mexico,  moved  that 
it  be  taken  out,  which  was  done.  The  Rev.  B.  G.  White,  of 
Florida,  objected  to  the  resolution  as  irrelevant.  A  Texas  man 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Page,  supported  the  resolution,  which  was  adopted 
with  two  dissensions.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport  presented  re- 
ports of  Committees  on  Amendments  to  the  Constitution  and  the 
Committee  on  Canons,  being  in  order  at  any  time  except  when 
a  special  order  was  on.      Agreed  to. 

The  House  of  Bishops  sent  word  to  the  Deputies  that  they 
were  ready  to  meet  with  them  as  a  Board  of  Missions,  so  the 
House  adjourned.      The  great  congregation  sang  the  well  known 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  97 

hymn,  "O  Spirit  of  the  Living  God."  Bishop  Whipple  was  at 
home  here  as  everywhere  when  the  subject  is  missionary  work. 
The  old  man  eloquent  moved  every  soul  which  heard  his  words. 
He  told  the  joy  he  had  in  seeing  the  Convention;  he  described 
in  words  that  breathed,  the  deeds  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gear  who 
57  years  ago  was  the  only  Clergyman  in  Minnesota;  he  paid  a 
glowing  tribute  to  Breck,  and  Wilcoxson  and  other  pioneers 
of  missionary  work;  he  described  how,  under  the  spreading 
branches  of  a  sturdy  oak  those  holy  men  of  God  celebrated  the 
tucharist  the  first  day  their  feet  touched  Minnesota  soil,  and 
how  when  they  reached  St.  Paul  they  celebrated  holy  communion 
under  another  oak  tree  where  they  pitched  their  tent.  The 
first  year  these  men  walked  5000  miles  and  they  told  to  who- 
ever would  listen  to  it  the  story  of  Jesus  Christ  and  Him  cruci- 
fied, and  wherever  opportunity  presented-  they  knelt  in  solemn 
prayer  and  lifted  up  holy  hands.  These  men  knew  no  color 
line;  sin  and  sorrow  to  them  were  very  real;  life  was  very 
earnest;  death  was  very  near;  the  awful  solemnities  of  Eternity, 
its  exquisite  joys  and  glad  reward, .were  ever  in  their  view;  they 
endured  as  seeing  Him  who  is  invisible,  and  they  verily  ate 
bread  in  the  wilderness  and  saw  the  wonder  working  hand  of 
their  God  upon  them   for  good. 

1  he  Red  Man  from  these  pioneers  of  the  Church  learned 
new  songs;  the  old  war  dance  became  a  thing  of  the  past,  and 
"Jesus,  Lover  of  My  Soul"  and  "Rock  of  Ages"  took  its  place; 
where  lawlessness  had  prevailed,  grace  became  more  abundant 
and  the  moral  desert  was  made  to  blossom  as  the  rose.  In 
their  estimation  of  worth  and  of  service,  dollars  counted  for 
little.  Often  could  the}'  ha\'e  said  ".Silver  and  gold  have  I 
none,"  and  }'et  they  enriched  with  moral  grandeur  all  that  would 
be  blessed  b\'  their  labor. 

The  Rc\'.  Dr.  Manney  cheerfully  ga\'e  up  a  salary  of  S2000 
a  year  w  here  his  pa}'  was  never  a  cent  short  to  accept  a  place  of 
$500  a  year  as  founder  of  the  Seabury  Di\inity  .School.  "Bishop 
Kemper  after  ni}'  consecration,"  said  Piishop  Whipple,  "(.luietly 
laid  his  hand  on  my  head  and  said,  'My  brother,  do  not  forget 
those  wandering  Red  Men  whom  Jesus  Christ  wishes  us  to  bring 
home.'  That  afternoon  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  that  great  mis- 
sionar\-  to  .Xfrica,  came  to  me  and  said,  'The  last  thing  before 
I   left  Africa  our  African  Christians  gave  me  $75  and  sent  it  to 


98  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

be  their  gift  to  an}'  heathen  folk  in  America  for  whom  the 
Churcli  had  established  a  mission,'  so  the  first  dollar  that  ever 
came  to  me  for  missionary  work  in  Mimiesota  came  from  con- 
verted black  men  in  Africa."  Every  heart  was  thrilled  when 
the  Bishop  said,  "The  world  is  open  to  the  heralds  of  the  cross, 
and  I  want  this  great  Convention  to  remember  that  this  historic 
Church  has  something  greater  to  do  than  to  pass  on  Canons. 
It  is  to  hand  on  the  glorious  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  to  all  sorts 
and  conditions  of  men."  The  Bishop  of  New  Jerse^^  Thomas 
Alford  Starkey,  D.  D.,  announced  the  program  for  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  Board  of  Missions.  The  report  of  the  Woman's 
Auxiliary  was  then  received.  The  Triennial  offering  was  an- 
nounced as  S54000.  The  whole  congregation  rose  and  sung  with 
one  burst  of  gratitude,  "Praise  God  from  whom  all  blessings 
flow."  Bishop  Ferguson,  D.  D.,  of  Cape  Palmas,  was  the  next 
speaker.  He  is  a  black  man  with  a  clean  heart  and  a  glorious 
record.  My  friend  Dr.  Kimber  says  that  no  man  sends  letters 
written  in  purer  English  than  he.  He  said  missions  in  Africa 
were  not  an  experiment.  The  question  of  missions  was  settled 
long  ago  at  Calvary.  He  spoke  eloquently  for  the  education 
of  African  girls  and  the  vigorous  prosecution  of  the  Church's 
work  on  that  continent.  Bishop  Graves,  of  Shanghai,  said  our 
mission  in  China  extends  lOOO  miles,  through  the  fairest  and 
most  populous  portion  of  China,  which  has  60,000,000  people. 
We  need  more  men  and  we  need  them  now.  The  mind  and 
heart  of  the  Church  must  be  given  to  this  work.  Bishop  Whipple 
endorsed  the  views  and  plea  of  Bishop  Graves.  Bishop  Mc- 
Kim,  of  Japan,  said  his  jurisdiction  was  700  miles  in  length  and 
had  in  it  16,000,000  people.  Every  effort  is  being  made  to 
create  a  strong,  independent  Japanese  Catholic  Church.  Ad- 
ditional clergy  are  needed.  The  door  is  wide  open,  the  oppor- 
tunity is  large  and  the  harvest  may  be  great.  Bishop  Nelson,  of 
Georgia,  spoke  for  the  colored  work.  He  said  that  $50,000,000, 
had  been  spent  in  Georgia  for  the  education  of  the  negro  since 
the  war.  He  paid  a  high  tribute  to  the  white  people  of  Georgia, 
and  bore  testimony  to  their  enthusiasm  in  the  work  of  uplifting 
and  Christianizing  the  colored  race.  1  he  Rev.  F.  K.  Brooke, 
Bishop  of  Oklahoma,  sj^oke  for  work  in  the  Indian  Ter- 
ritory. He  said  the  Indian  had  been  robbed  of  many  of  his 
native  surroundings  which  gave  him  opportunity,'  suitable  to  his 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  99 

needs.  The  United  States  has  pushed  him  out,  sometimes  by- 
violence,  sometimes  by  treaties,  sometimes  against  the  will  of 
the  Indian,  and  we  arc  bound  to  see  that  ample  opportunity 
for  the  cultivation  of  the  moral,  intellectual  and  spiritual  side 
of  his  being  is  offered  to  him. 

In  the  afternoon  Hishop  Rulison,  of  Central  Pennsvhania, 
told  the  story  of  missionary  work  in  Alaska,  with  that  grace 
and  clearness  for  which  he  has  been  noted  ever  since  he  was 
Rector  in  the  City  of  Cleveland.  Bishop  Barker,  of  Oh'mpia, 
also  spoke  on  the  same  subject.  The  work  in  Brazil  was  spoken 
of  by  Bishop  George  W.  Peterkin,  of  West  Virginia,  and  the 
Rev.  Henry  Forrester  spoke  of  the  work  in  Mexico.  Resolu- 
tions were  passed  sympathizing  with  the  persecuted  Americans 
and  missionaries  in  China. 

Bishop  of  Kentuck}'  moved  resolutions  of  s}-mpath}'  with  the 
persecuted  Armenian  Christians.  He  said  they  were  suffering 
because  the}^  held  the  Christian  faith.  The  resolutions  may  be 
only  a  word  of  encouragement,  but  still  that  word  will  be  val- 
uable, and  he  trusted  that  Lord  .Salisbury  would  do  what  his 
predecessor  had  failed  to   do. 

Rcsolz'ed:  That  on  this,  the  first  assembling  of  the  Board 
of  Missions  since  the  recent  massacre  of  the  Armenian  Christians, 
the  Board  would  place  upon  record  its  sense  of  horror  at  the 
atrocities  which  have  been  perpetrated  upon  the  Armenians,  and 
its  sympathy  with  all  those  who  have  suffered  for  the  Truth's 
sake,  as  well  as  its  admiration  of  the  courage  and  steadfastness 
which  they  ha\e  manifested  in  the  midst  of  their  unspeakable 
trials. 

Resolz'i'd:  That  this  Board  of  Missions  hereby  adds  its  earn- 
est petition  to  the  many  appeals  which  have  been  made  to 
Christian  nations  to  exercise  their  full  power  to  protect  the 
helpless  Armenians,  and  to  secure  redress,  as  far  as  it  may  be 
possible,  for  those  who  ha\e  suffered. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Greer,  of  New  York,  than  whom  no  man  in 
the  Church  has  a  better  right  to  be  heard  on  this  subject,  be- 
cause of  his  work  amongst  Armenians  in  New  York,  and  of  the 
careful  stud}-  he  has  given  the  whole  question,  said  :  "  It  is 
nearly  a  year  ago  since  the  first  word  respecting  the  horrible 
outrages  and  massacres  at  Sassoum.  We  were  loath  to  believe 
them.  Further  news  has  shown  their  truthfulness.  I  have  seen 
and  read  letters  written  b\'  men   in  Armenia  at  the  peril  of  their 


100  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

lives;  men  whose  names  if  I  should  tell  them  would  be  known 
by  some  of  you.  They  describe  a  barbarity  we  can  scarcely 
realize.  I  am  not  a  believer  in  what  is  called  'Jingoism,'  but 
I  do  believe  in  humanity,  and  in  its  name  it  is  our  duty  to  lift 
up  our  voice  against  these  outrages.  Noble  speech  is  not  in 
vain ;  with  charmed  words  men  have  put  out  wild  evil  and 
fierce  tyranny,  and  the  protest  that  comes  from  this  great  repre- 
sentative assembly  will,   I  am  sure,  bear  fruit." 

The  third  day  of  the  session  will  be  memorable  because  of 
the  position  Bishop  Ncely  took  in  regard  to  the  erection  of 
Alaska  into  a  missionary  jurisdiction.  Nothing  could  have  been 
more  outspoken  or  plain  than  the  Bishop's  speech,  in  oppo- 
sition thereto,  and  though  it  was  evidently  on  the  unpopular 
side,  yet  it  was  spoken  with  a  clearness  and  thoroughness  which 
commanded  the  respect  of  men  who  admire  deep  convictions; 
and  Bishop  Paret,  of  Maryland,  with  the  frank  recognition  of 
honesty,  for  which  every  man  who  knows  him  knows  that  he 
is  remarkable,  paid  the  highest  tribute  to  Bishop  Neely.  The 
Bishop  of  Oregon  (Morris),  presented  Bishop  White,  of  Indiana, 
formerly  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  St.  Paul,  and  later  Dean 
of  the  Divinity  School,  Faribault,  from  which  position  he  was 
elected  to  the  Episcopate.  The  Bishop  spoke  on  the  work  in 
organized  Dioceses.  The  Bishop  pleaded  earnestly  for  young 
men  who  would  go  forth  in  the  Church's  service  and  do  pioneer 
missionary  work  in  new  and  hard  fields.  Bishop  Seymour,  of 
Springfield,  offered  a  resolution  expressive  of  determination  to 
push  forward  the  missionary  work  of  the  Church  regardless  of 
difficulty  or  of  danger.  In  glowing  words  he  passed  in  glorious 
review  the  sacrifices  in  the  Church,  beginning  with  that  of  its 
Saviour,  then  telling  the  story  of  the  Martyrdom  of  St.  Stephen, 
of  St.  Paul,  of  St  James,  of  St.  Peter.  Yet  he  said  their  blood 
and  the  blood  of  men  of  like  mind  had  furnished  glorious  ex- 
ample and  new  inspiration  to  faithful  souls  in  every  age. 

To-day  the  following  committees  were  appointed  in  the 
House  of  Bishops: 

ON    THE    PRAYER    BOOK. 

Bishop  of  P2astcrn  New  York,  Dr.  Coxc;  Bishop  of  Pitts- 
burg, Dr.  Whitehead;  Bishop  of  Georgia,  Dr.  Nelson;  Bishop 
of  Springfield,  Dr.  Hale;  Missionary  Bishop  of  the  Platte,  Dr. 
Graves. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  10 1 

To  this  committee  is  referred  all  proposed  changes  in  the 
Prayer  Book  and  all  matters  respecting  ritual  observancy.  The 
Bishop  of  Western  New  York  is  an  eminent  liturgiologist  and 
"His  Thoughts  on  the  Services,"  published  many  years  ago, 
have  been  an  inspiration  to  investigation  and  study  in  this  direc- 
tion, as  well  as  a  heart  and  home  manual  of  the  truest  devo- 
tional feeling. 

ON    AMENDMENT    TO    THE    CONSTITUTION. 

The  Bishop  of  Pennsylvania,  Dr.  VVhittaker;  the  Bishop  of 
Kentucky,  Dr.  Dudley;  the  Bishop  of  Central  Pennsylvania,  Dr. 
Rulison;  the  Bishop  of  P'ond  du  Lac,  Dr.  Grafton;  the  Bishop 
of  Michigan,  Dr.  Davies.  The  Chairman,  Bishop  VVhittaker,  is 
a  wise  student  of  constitutional  law  and  precedents,  conserva- 
tive, judicial  and  able;  while  the  Bishop  of  Kentuck}',  Dr.  Dudle}', 
is  a  man  of  splendid  abilities  and  thoroughly  at  home  in  all 
matters  which  can  come  within  the  purview  of  the  committee. 
The  junior  member.  Dr.  Davies,  is  an  eminent  scholar  and  a 
specially  gifted  man   in  all  these  questions  of  fundamental  law. 

ON    CANONS. 

The  Bishop  of  Missouri,  Dr.  Tuttle;  the  Bishop  of  Chicago, 
Dr.  McLaren;  the  Bishop  of  Iowa,  Dr.  Perry;  the  Bishop  of 
Quincy,  Dr.  Burgess;  the  Bishop  of  New  York,  Dr.  Potter;  the 
Bishop  of  East  Carolina,  Dr.  Watson;  the  Bishop  of  Indiana, 
Dr.   Paret. 

This  is  the  Working  Committee  of  the  House.  Their  reports 
are  in  many  instances  ecclesiastical  "state  papers,"  enunciating 
principles  and  illustrating  precedents  of  the  deepest  moment. 
The  junior  member  of  the  Committee,  Dr.  Watson,  after  a  long 
and  brilliant  career  as  a  canonist  of  unexampled  ability  and 
learning  in  the  lower  House,  found  on  his  elevation  to  the 
Episcopate  a  place  for  the  exercise  of  his  talents  on  this  Com- 
mittee, where  his  influence  is  always  felt  and  his  views  ever 
command  attention  and  respect.  The  Bishop  of  Quincy's 
connection  with  the  General  Conv^ention  dates  back  to  1847, 
and,  as  the  President  of  the  House  of  Deputies  before  his 
elevation  to  the  Episcopal  oflFice,  he  was  canfessedly  the  ablest 
presiding  officer  the  House  of  Deputies  ever  had.  He  received 
the  largest  \ote  of  any  one  on  the  selection  of  members  of  the 


102  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Committee  on  Constitutional  Revision,  and  was  the  Vice  Chair- 
man of  the  same.  At  this  session  he  is  the  head  of  the  joint 
Committee  in  the  absence  of  the  Bishop  of  Connecticut,  Dr. 
Williams. 

ON    THE    PASTORAL    LETTER. 

The  Presiding  Bishop,  Dr.  Williams;  the  Bishop  of  Minne- 
sota, Dr.  Whipple;  the  Bishop  of  Long  Island,  Dr.  Littlejohn; 
the  Bishop  of  Kentucky,  Dr.  Dudley;  the  Bishop  of  Southern 
Ohio,  Dr.  Vincent. 

The  five  senior  Bishops,  or  five  Bishops  including  the  Primus, 
and  chosen  for  sufificient  reason  by  the  Chairman  of  the  House, 
prepare  this  letter,  which  the  canon  requires  should  be  read  in 
the  Churches  throughout  the  land.  In  the  present  instance, 
the  Chairman  of  the  House,  Dr.  Carroll  Doane,  has  selected 
the  committee  in  a  broad  and  tolerant  spirit.  To  this  com- 
mittee, it  is  quite  likely  that  the  "Pastoral  Letter,"  issued  over 
the  names  of  a  committee  of  the  Bishops  in  council,  in  Octo- 
ber, 1894,  which  has  occasioned  no  little  discussion  by  its  lack 
of  acceptance  by  a  certain  section  of  the  Church,  may  be  re- 
ferred, with  instructions,  possibly,  to  reassert  its  authority  and 
to  reaffirm  its  doctrinal  teaching.  From  the  composition  of 
the  committee,  it  can  be  readily  seen  that  the  forthcoming 
Pastoral  will  advocate  no  "new  truth"  or  theories  in  religious 
teaching,  but  with  no  uncertain  sound  confess  "the  faith  once" 
—  and  once  for  all  time — "delivered  to  the  saints." 

ON    DOMESTIC    MISSIONS. 

The  ]-5ishop  of  Oregon,  Dr.  Morris;  the  Bishop  of  Western 
Michigan,  Dr.  Gillespie;  the  Bishop  of  North  Dakota,  Dr. 
Walker;  the  Bishop  of  Florida,  Dr.  Weed;  the  coadjutor  of 
Minnesota,   Dr.  Gilbert. 

For  nearly  half  a  century  the  venerable  Bishop  Wistar 
Morris  has  been  a  noted  figure  among  the  clergy  of  the  Amer- 
ican Church.  Second  to  the  missionary  charge  of  Oregon  and 
Washington  Territory,  Oregon  has  under  his  wise  and  faithful 
administration,  become  a  diocese  with  an  endowed  episcopate, 
with  institutions,  eleemosynary,  educational  and  remedial,  of 
importance  and  usefulness.  The  Bishop  of  Oregon,  if  any  man, 
possesses  the  knowledge,  is  well  acquainted  with  the  needs  of 
the  home  field. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  IO3 

The  Bishop  of  Western  Michigan,  with  his  large  sympathies 
for  his  brethren,  his  holiness  of  life,  his  wise  and  conservative 
judgment,  and  his  life-long  de\otion  to  the  cause  of  the  Church 
of  Christ,  is  specially  honored  and  revered,  even  among  his 
brethren,  and  fittingly  occupies  an  honored  place  on  the  com- 
mittee. The  Bishop  of  North  Dakota,  a  man  of  singular  devo- 
tion to  the  mission  field,  a  successful  laborer  among  the  abor- 
iginees  and  spending  and  being  spent  in  the  Churcii  service,  is 
also  a  working  member  on  this  committee.  Honored  at  home 
and  abroad,  appointed  by  President  Cle\'eland  one  of  the  Gov- 
ernment Commissioners  to  whom  the  care  of  the  Indians  as 
wards  of  the  nation  is  entrusted,  and  the  recipient  of  countless 
tributes  to  his  personal  popularity  and  his  specially  efficient 
and  successful  administration  of  his  see,  the  Bishop  of  North 
Dakota  is  physically,  and  in  many  other  respects  as  well,  a 
head  and  shoulders  above  his  brethren.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that 
he  will  order  to  Minneapolis,  to  be  seen  during  the  Conven- 
tion, his  cathedral  car,  with  which,  this  very  year,  despite  a 
recall  by  reason  of  family  bereavement  from  his  work  after  he 
had  fully  entered  upon  it,  he  has  visited  seventy  places  destitute 
of  regular  religious  services.  The  Bishop  is  one  of  the  most 
noted  of  the  Church's  Missionary  or  "Regionary"  Bishops,  and 
his  field  may  well  be  styled  "The  great  see  westward." 

ON    FOREIGN    MISSIONS. 

The  Bishop  of  New  Jersey,  Dr.  Scarborough;  the  Bishop  of 
West  Virginia,  Dr.  Peterkin;  the  Bishop  of  Easton,  Dr.  Adams; 
the  Bishop  of  Ohio,  Dr.  W.  A.  Leonard;  the  Bishop  of  Mich- 
igan, Dr.  Davies. 

New  Jersey  is  sometimes  styled  a  foreign  State,  but  the 
presence  of  its  episcopal  head  on  this  committee  is  not  due  to 
any  such  slanderous  reflection  on  the  lo}'al  little  State  sand- 
wiched between  New  York  and  Pennsylvania.  It  is  because  a 
genial  and  large-hearted  Bishop  of  this  see  is  the  friend  of 
all  men,  and  dear  to  all,  that  he  occupies  the  headship  of 
the  committee  which  is  charged  with  the  Church's  work  in 
foreign  lands.  Bishop  Scarborough  is  devoted  to  the  work  of 
his  committee.  His  reports  are  most  full  and  faithful  and  his 
judgment  in  all  matters  connected  with  the  foreign  mission 
work  can  never  be  excelled. 


104  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

ON    RELIGIOUS    SERVICES. 

Bishops  Huntington,  Central  New  York;  Ferguson,  Cape 
Palmas;  Nicholson,  Milwaukee;  McKim,  Tokio;  Hall,  Ver- 
mont. 

ON    CHRISTIAN    EDUCATION. 

Bishops  Neely,  Maine;  Niles,  New  Hampshire;  Gailor, 
Tennessee;    Newton,  Virginia;    White,   Indiana. 

ON    CONSECRATION    OF    BISHOPS. 

Bishops  Starkey,  Newark;  Randolph,  Southern  Virginia; 
Talbot,  Wyoming  and  Idaho;  Johnson,  Western  Texas;  Leon- 
ard,  Nevada  and    Utah. 

ON    ADMISSION    OF    NEW    DIOCESES. 

Bishops  Littlejohn,  Long  Island;  Peterkin,  West  Virginia; 
Worthington,  Nebraska;  Kendrick,  Arizona  and  New  Mexico; 
Cheshire,  North  Carolina. 

ON    THE    GENERAL    THEOLOGICAL    SEMINARY. 

Bishops  Seymour,  Springfield;  Potter,  New  York;  Coleman, 
Delaware;    Brooke,  Oklahoma;  Graves,  Shanghai. 

ON    MEMORIALS    AND    PETITIONS. 

Bishops  Neely,  Maine;  Spalding,  Colorado;  Nicholson,  Mil- 
waukee;   Wells,  Spokane;    Barker,  Olympia. 

ON    UNFINISHED    BUSINESS. 

Bishops  Gilbert,  Minnesota;  Atwill,  Western  Missouri;  Nel- 
son, Georgia. 

ON    THE    DISPATCH    OF    BUSINESS. 

Bishops  Nichols,  California;  Kinsolving,  Texas;  Gray,  Flo- 
rida. 

ON    THE    RULES    OF    ORDER. 

Bishops  Perry,  Iowa;  Capers,  South  Carolina;  Millspaugh, 
Kansas. 

Besides  these  announcements  nothing  of  moment  occurred 
save  the  reference  of  the  memorial  of  the  Diocese  of  California, 
for  the  erection  of  a  new  Diocese  within  its  limits,  to   the    ap- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  IO5 

propriate  committee,  and  the  making  of  an  order  of  the  day 
for  a  future  date  the  consideration  of  the  Pastoral  Letter  is- 
sued by  the  Bishops'  Council  in  October,   1894. 

Bishop  Nichols,  of  California,  presented  to  the  House  of 
Bishops  the  memorial  of  the  California  delegation,  asking  for 
a  division  of  the  Diocese,  and  strongly  urged  the  measure.  It 
was  presented  before  the  House  of  Deputies  on  Thursday  by 
Rev.  Dr.  Trew,  of  Los  Angeles,  and  referred  to  the  Committee 
on  Admission  of  New  Dioceses.  The  committee  agreed  to 
report  the  memorial  favorably  to  the  house,  which  was  done  at 
the  opening  of  the  morning  session. 

The  memorial  as  presented  in  both  houses  outlined  the  en- 
tire plan  of  division.  The  new  Diocese  is  to  consist  of  the 
counties  of  Santa  Barbara,  Ventura,  Los  Angeles,  .San  Benard- 
ino,  Riverside,  Orange  and  San  Diego.  "The  city  of  Los  An- 
geles," says  the  memorial,  "will  be  the  see  of  the  new  Diocese. 
The  census  of  1880  gave  it  a  population  a  little  over  11,000. 
The  census  of  iSgo  made  it  a  few  hundred  more  than  50,000. 
At  the  present  date,  October,  1895,  conservative  estimates  put 
it  at  not  less  than  80,000." 

The  memorial  contained  certified  copies  of  the  resolutions 
adopted  by  the  Diocesan  Convention  last  May,  also  the  written 
consent  of  Bishop  Nichols,  both  of  which  are  necessary  to 
bring  the  matter  before  the  Convention.  They  also  gave  figures 
showing  the  extent  of  the  new  Diocese,  and  of  the  old  one  to 
be  left.  The  new  Diocese  contains  7  counties,  400,000  popula- 
tion, 13  parishes,  29  organized  missions,  36  clergy  and  3,600 
communicants.  The  remainder  of  the  State,  which  comprises 
the  Diocese  of  California,  contains  23  counties,  85,000  popula- 
tion, 29  parishes,  31  missions,  yy  clergy  and  6,995  communi- 
cants. .Statistics  were  also  presented  showing  that  the  rapid 
growth  of  the  work  in  the  southern  counties  would  in  time  put 
the  two  dioceses  near  an  equality  in  course  of  time. 

The  memorial  was  referred  in  the  House  of  Bishops  to  the 
Committee  on  New  Dioceses.  The  committee  consisted  of 
Bishops  Littlejohn,  of  Long  Island;  Peterkin,  of  West  Virginia; 
Worthington,  of  Nebraska;  Kendrick.  of  New  Mexico  and 
Arizona;  and  Cheshire,  of  North  Carolina. 


CHAPTER    IX. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

fourth    day. 

I  HE  fourth  day  being  Saturday,  only  a  morning  session  was 
held  in  the  House  of  Deputies.  The  Committee  on  Admis- 
sion of  New  Dioceses  made  its  first  report  through  Dr.  Richards, 
of  Rhode  Island,  favoring  division  in  Maryland,  California  and 
Kentucky,  which  was  accepted  in  each  case  by  the  House.  A 
request  was  presented  from  Japan  asking  for  the  division  of 
the  Diocese  of  Tokio,  and  that  Kyoto  in  the  southern  part  of 
Japan  be  the  head  of  the  new  Diocese.  Rev.  E.  H.  Ward,  of 
Louisville,  invited  the  Convention  to  hold  its  next  triennial 
meeting  at  Louisville.  Referred  to  Committee  on  Location. 
Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan  moved  for  a  joint  committee  of  five 
Bishops  and  five  Deputies  to  fix  the  place  of  location.  This 
was  the  first  time  Mr.  Morgan  had  spoken  in  the  Convention. 
Carried.  Dr.  Dix  appointed  Dr.  E.  H.  Ward,  Dr.  J.  Lewis 
Parks,  of  Pennsylvania,  Dr.  J.  H.  Lindsay,  of  Massachusetts, 
Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan,  of  New  York,  and  Mr.  Robert  Earl, 
of  Albany,  as  that  committee.  Boston  desired  to  have  the 
Convention  meet  in  the  capital  city  of  the  commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts.  Article  P'ive  of  the  Constitution  came  up  for 
review.  This  called  forth  a  strong  speech  from  Dr.  Reese  Alsop, 
of  Long  Island,  who  said  that  strong  centers  ought  not  to  seek 
to  put  territory  in  which  the  Church  is  weak  upon  the  general 
Church.  Judge  P^airbanks,  of  Florida,  also  spoke.  Mr.  Hill 
Burgvvin,  of  Pittsburg,  in  speaking  to  the  resolution  said  that 
with  all  becoming  respect  and  with  much  deference  to  the 
commission  on  revision  of  Constitution  and  Canons,  his  clear 
opinion  was  that  no  portion  of  the  proposed  revision  should  be 
accepted  by  this  Convention.     The  whole  subject  required  more 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  IO7 

consideration.  Now  occurred  a  scene  which  will  lon^^  be 
memorable.  The  Rev.  William  R.  Huntington,  D.  D.,  the  well 
known  rector  of  Grace  Church,  New  York,  and  Chairman  of 
the  (Committee  of  Prayer  Book  Revision,  a  man  who  has  brought 
wealth  of  learning,  extensive  research  and  long  continued  pains- 
taking work  to  Prayer  Book  revision,  which  he  carried  through 
to  its  final  completion  b\'  the  last  General  Convention,  arose, 
and,  addressing  the  chair,  presented  a  supplementary  report  of 
the  work  of  his  commission  to  be  annexed  to  the  report  presented 
at  Baltimore  three  years  ago.  This  supplementary  report  he 
read  with  that  perfect  clearness  for  which  he  is  so  distinguished. 
He  then  quietly  walked  to  the  chancel  and  reverently  placed 
on  the  Secretary's  desk  a  standard  copy  of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer.  It  was  received  with  every  mark  of  respect.  Secretary 
Hutchins,  in  a  happy  moment  of  inspiration,  took  up  the  book 
with  great  reverence,  and  quietly  held  it  high  in  the  air.  Dean 
Hoffman  instantly  stepped  forward,  with  a  resolution  of  thanks 
to  the  commission,  which  was  carried  by  a  rising  vote.  This 
scene  does  not  rival  in  awful  solemnity  the  giving  of  the  law 
on  Sinai,  but  it  is  one  worthy  the  pencil  of  the  most  accomplished 
artist,  and  so  memorable  it  will  never  be  forgotten  by  those 
who  saw  it.  A  new  chapter  to-day  was  added  to  the  history 
of  the  great  service  book  of  the  Anglican  Church  in  the 
American  Republic.  Its  very  quietness  moved  not  a  few  to 
tears. 

At  12  o'clock  the  House  adjourned.  At  the  Lyceum  Theatre 
the  great  missionary  rally  was  held.  The  Hon.  John  W.  Foster, 
of  New  York,  who  was  secretar)'  of  state  under  President 
Harrison,  told  of  missionary  work  as  he  had  seen  it  in  foreign 
lands.  Bishop  Charles  C.  Penick,  of  Maryland,  was  called  to 
the  chair  by  Rev.  W.  S.  Langford,  D.  D.,  Secretary  of  the 
Church  Missionary  Society.  Mr.  Foster  told  how  civilization 
had  taken  its  way  from  the  Orient  through  the  old  and  to  the 
new  world.  He  spoke  of  the  great  non-Christian  religions, 
Mohammedanism,  Hinduism  and  Buddhism.  He  paid  high 
tribute  to  mission  schools  in  foreign  lands.  He  said  that  India 
presented  scenes  than  which  none  of  greater  interest  to  men 
who  love  ancient  monuments  or  ancient  arts  can  be  found  in 
the  world.  Brahminism  is  a  most  perfectly  organized  system. 
Its  fakirs  are  men   of    great    skill.       The    caste    swstem    is    well 


I08  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

defined,  and  presents  crrcat  barriers  to  missionary  work.  Notwith- 
standing this  the  progress  of  missions  can  show  as  great  results 
as  could  be  expected  by  any  reasonable  man,  and  in  India 
to  day  there  are  as  many  Christians  as  could  be  counted  in  the 
Roman  Empire  at  the  end  of  the  first  hundred  years  of  Christian 
work.  He  paid  tributes  of  respect  and  honor  to  the  work  of 
Methodists  and  Presbyterians  among  the  lower  classes  in  India, 
and  he  said  the  hope  of  the  conversion  of  India  was  in  these 
classes.  It  was  a  sad  picture  he  drew  of  a  woman's  life  in 
India.  He  told  in  graphic  words  of  missionary  life  in  a  land 
of  strangers,  in  a  land  where  poisonous  snakes  were  numerous, 
where  22,000  persons  were  known  to  have  been  killed  by  poisonous 
snakes  in  one  year,  a  land  where  there  are  500,000  lepers.  He 
told  a  pathetic  story  of  a  }'oung  woman  from  Ohio  who  spent 
eight  years  among  the  Hindoos.  Tired  and  weary  she  came 
home  to  rest,  and  one  morning  she  saw  a  spot  which  startled 
her.  Without  a  word  she  went  straight  to  New  York,  knowing 
that  spot  was  the  handwriting  on  the  wall.  She  saw  a  physician. 
He  said,  "Yes,  it  is  leprosy."  She  said,  "This  is  the  Lord's 
call  to  go  back  to  my  work,"  and  she  went,  to  return  no  more 
to  the  home  of  her  childhood,  the  land  of  her  birth. 

Burmah  is  the  place  where  women  have  greater  liberty  than 
in  any  other  part  of  heathenism,  perhaps.  Buddhism  has  been 
styled  the  light  of  Asia.  It  has  a  charm  for  romantic  natures; 
it  has  utterly  failed  to  enlighten  India.  Every  missionary  finds 
what  David  Livingstone  found,  that  the  Hindoos  have  no  con- 
science such  as  Christian  men  look  for  and  find  amongst 
respectable  people.  Japan  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  coun- 
tries in  the  world,  and  in  it  missionary  work  is  making  progress. 
Bishop  Ferguson  addressed  the  meeting.  Bishop  Leonard  of 
Nevada  and  Utah  addressed  the  meeting. 


\ 


CHAPTER    X. 

FIFTH     DAY. 

/^CTOBER  6th  was  a  glorious  day  for  the  Churchmen  in 
^^  Minneapolis  and  St.  Paul,  a  day  to  which  the  congregations 
had  looked  with  anticipatory  delight.  It  was  known  that  the 
men  of  renown  in  the  congregation  of  saints  would  fill  the 
pulpits,  men  of  distinction  in  every  kind  of  pulpit  eloquence. 
The  musical  part  of  the  services  had  been  arranged  with  great 
care,  and  whether  it  was  a  Eucharistic  service  or  Morning  or 
Evening  Prayer  or  other  religious  exercises,  wherever  sermons 
were  preached  or  addresses  given,  it  had  long  been  known  that 
they  would  be  by  some  of  the  best  men,  and  it  was  confidently 
expected  that  they  would  be  at  their  best.  Nor  were  the 
expectations  in  vain.  At  Gethsemane  Church,  Bishop  McLaren, 
of  Chicago,  preached  one  of  his  massive  sermons  on  the  Di\ine 
Compassion.  The  text  was,  "Christ  had  compassion  on  the 
multitude  when  he  saw  them  scattered  abroad  as  sheep  having 
no  shepherd."  Bishop  Grafton  of  Eond  du  Lac  also  preached 
in  the  same  Church  on  the  Headship  of  Jesus  Christ.  He  said 
that  Christianity  meets  every  man's  needs  by  a  full  and  free 
forgiveness  at  the  cross,  and  b}-  offering  to  him  an  immortality 
full  of  glory  and  of  God,  where  Christ  shall  be  head  o\er  all, 
glorified  forever  more.  At  St.  Ansgarius  Church  was  a  crowded 
congregation.  The  Rev.  VV.  R  Huntington  preached  to  the 
Scandinavians  on  the  real  Friend  of  the  working  man,  Jesus 
Christ,  who  stands  for  love  and  purit\-,  for  peace  and  home, 
for  justice  and  equit)',  who  is  the  world's  true  reformer  and 
Saviour.  At  Grace  Church  Bishoj)  Graves,  of  the  Platte, 
preached,  in  the  Church  he  founded  22  years  ago  when  assistant 
to  Bishop  Knickerbacker,  of  Indiana,  wlio  at  that  time  was  the 
Rector  of  Gethsemane  Church.      The   Bishof)  took   for  his  text, 


no  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

"Quit  \'ou  like  men,  be  stront^."  It  was  a  straightforward, 
manly  sermon  which  bore  all  the  marks  of  the  genuine  man 
the  Bishop  is,  as  all  western  Churchmen  know.  At  Holy 
Trinity  Church,  where  the  Rev.  Stuart  H.  Purves  is  Rector, 
Bishop  George  F.  Seymour,  of  Springfield,  preached.  The 
Church  was  full.  'His  subject  was,  "Unity  in  Christ."  It  was 
a  worthy  treatment  of  the  Incarnation  of  God  in  Christ  which 
brings  humanit}'  into  unity  with  God  himself.  At  All  Saints', 
in  the  morning  Bishop  Sessums  of  Louisiana  preached.  He  is 
one  of  the  younger  generation  of  Bishops,  who  gives  promise 
of  being  one  of  the  greatest  preachers  on  the  bench  of  Bishops. 
His  rhetorical  periods  are  very  captivating.  The  sermon  was 
on  the  words,  "So  then,  brethren,  we  are  not  children  of  the 
bondwoman  but  of  the  free."  The  Bishop  showed  the  enlight- 
enment, the  liberty  and  the  transcendent  glory  of  the  religion 
of  Jesus  Christ.  In  the  afternoon  the  Bishop  also  preached  at 
Gethsemane  Church  on  "The  Church  as  the  Kingciom  of  God," 
as  being  ever  progressive  in  love,  in  charity  and  in  holy  fear. 
At  St.  Luke's  Church,  Bishop  Niles,  of  New  Hampshire, 
preached  a  sermon  such  as  those  who  know  the  solid  w^orth 
of  the  Bishop  looked  for.  It  was  on  Christian  forbearance  and 
meekness.  The  sermon  was  one  of  exquisite  sweetness  and 
tenderness,  which  made  the  achievements  of  Christian  character 
look,  as  in  fact  they  are,  glorious,  and  the  conquests  of  self 
over  mere  animalism  to  be  the  noblest  triumph  given  to  the 
children  of  men.  Bishop  .Lawrence  was  the  preacher  at  St. 
Mark's  Church.  He  belongs  to  an  old  New  England  family. 
He  has  had  exceptional  advantages  and  a  remarkable  career. 
He  is  a  prominent  figure  in  New  England  and  successor  of  the 
world  renowned  preacher,  Phillips  Brooks,  Bishop  of  Massa- 
chusetts. Because  of  these  facts  all  eyes  turned  to  him.  The 
sermon  was  on  fixedness  of  character.  The  preacher  showed 
that  every  day  of  life  not  only  is  in  itself  important,  but  is 
important  as  tending  to  give  eternal  fixedness  of  character  for 
good  or  for  bad,  and  hence  its  importance.  Those  who  heard 
the  sermon  said  it  was  very  solemn  and  able.  The  Bishop  also 
addressed  a  large  audience  at  the  University,  The  students 
were  very  pleased.  Being  a  Harvard  man  he  spoke  of  college 
life  there,  and  he  insisted  upon  cultivation  of  the  intellect  but 
not  that  alone,  as  the  education  of  the  heart  should  ever  be  its 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  Ill 

complement.  Neither  without  the  other  is  sufficient.  Rev.  Dr. 
Alsop,  of  l^rookl}'n,  also  addressed  the  students.  He  spoke  of 
the  advantages  of  University  training,  and  the  obligation  which 
comes  to  men  of  large  opportunity.  He  strongly  urged  the 
students  present  to  do  noble  things  in  the  republic  and  in  the 
Church.  At  night  the  missionary  Bishop  of  China,  Frederick 
Rogers  Graves,  told  the  story  of  work  amongst  the  Chinese,  in 
a  way  that  interested  greatly  all  who  heard.  According  to  the 
Bishop  the  converted  Chinaman  finds  that  this  world  is  not  his 
rest  by  any  means.  If  he  is  to  have  much  comfort  he  needs 
to  look  for  an  abiding  city  which  hath  foundation  whose  builder 
and  maker  is    God. 

At  St.  Barnabas  Hospital,  Bishop  A.  R.  Gra\'es,  of  the 
Platte,  preached  a  strikingly  appropriate  sermon.  The  subject 
was,  "The  ministry  of  the  sick  to  those  who  are  well,"  and  he 
said  sick  people  are  often  a  great  blessing  to  those  who  are 
strong.  They  show  us  examples  of  patience  and  charit\^  and 
resignation  and  faith  and  hope.  At  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon 
at  St.  Mark's  Church  there  was  a  large  congregation.  Bishop 
Hall,  of  Vermont,  was  expected  to  preach,  but  was  unable  to 
do  so,  having  sprained  his  ankle,  whereupon  Bishop  Kinsoh'in"", 
of  Texas,  occupied  the  pulpit  and  preached  upon  the  conx'ersion 
of  St.  Paul  as  showing  all  the  elements  in  the  Gospel  of  Jesus 
Christ.  The  congiegation  was  inspired  to  nobler  living  by  the 
sermon.  In  St.  Paul's  Church,  Bishop  Millspaugh,  of  Kansas, 
preaclied  on  the  words,  'T  am  Alpha  and  Omega,  the  first  and 
the  last,"  It  was  a  statement  of  the  eternity  of  God  as  we 
see  it  in  his  revelation,  and  of  His  desire  to  pardon  all  who 
repent.  The  sermon  was  listened  to  by  the  members  of  the 
parish  and  other  worshippers  with  joy  because  it  was  from  the 
old  Rector  of  St.  Paul's.  At  St.  Andrew's  Church  the  Rev. 
George  Hodges,  D.  D.,  Dean  of  the  Theological  School  at 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  preached  in  the  morning.  There  was  much 
speculation  as  to  what  the  Dean  would  be  likely  to  sa}\  The 
subject  was,  "The  Ground  of  Religious  Certainty,"  and  he  said 
certainty  in  religion  was  what  is  needed.  The  way  of  argument 
has  been  tried.  Ability  and  energy  ha\'e  been  exhausted  in 
the  pursuit  of  certaint)',  and  yet  we  have  to  fall  back  u])on 
testimony.  We  must  be  reasonable  in  our  religion  as  in  e\er}- 
other  walk   of   life,  and  God    has    spoken.      We  must  hear  His 


112  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Word,  and  accept  its  testimony  to  the  supernatural  and  the 
divine.  The  sermon  was  very  clear.  It  was  dogmatic  and 
strong,  such  a  sermon  as  many  western  men,  at  least,  had  not 
expected  from  the  Dean  of  Cambridge.  At  night,  in  the  same 
Church,  the  Rev.  William  McVickar,  U.  D.,  preached  a  sermon 
on  the  "Capacity  of  the  Human  Mind  for  Divine  Inspiration." 
The  text  showed  that  the  Lord  called  workers  in  clay  and  iron 
and  brass,  and  by  His  spirit  qualified  them  for  the  common 
toils  of  life,  and  made  them  workers  together  with  Moses,  the 
great  prophet-seer,  the  great  lawgiver  in  Israel,  and  from  that 
he  sl^owed  that  all  rightly  ordered  society  is  dependent  in  each 
of  its  parts  upon  other  parts,  and  that  the  way  to  glorify  common 
drudger}',  the  daily  task,  the  work  that  is  grinding  and  the  work 
that  some  men  call  menial,  is  to  have  it  filled  with  divine 
inspiration,  to  have  it  brought  into  relationship  by  the  inspiration 
of  the  Almighty  to  the  eternal  realities  of  the  unseen  and 
spiritual  world.  The  sermon  lifted  common  life  to  the  very 
gate  of  heaven,  and  it  is  within  the  truth  to  say  that  no  congre- 
gation in  St.  Andrew's  Church  up  to  that  time  had  ever  been 
so  moved.  At  night  at  St.  Mark's  Church,  Dr.  William  R. 
Huntington  preached.  The  Church  was  thronged  with  people. 
The  text  was,  "The  Fruits  of  the  Spirit."  Dr.  Huntington  said 
the  real  life  is  the  spiritual  life.  This  he  contrasted  with  the 
physical,  the  intellectual  and  the  practical  life;  he  placed  the 
things  that  now  are  in  contrast  with  the  unseen  and  with  the 
eternal,  and  showed  that  as  we  rise  into  the  life  of  God  do  we 
round  out  and  fill  our  true  mission  and  prove  ourselves  worthy 
of  the  high  vocation  unto  which  we  are  called.  As  we  live  a 
life  of  love  and  joy  and  peace  and  long  suffering,  gentleness 
and  goodness,  faith,  meekness  and  temperance,  are  we  the 
children  of  God  doing  His  work  and  serving  his  high  behests. 
No  Sunday  in  Minneapolis  ever  equalled  this  in  Anglican 
Churches.  The  noticeable  thing  about  it  was  the  absence  of 
speculation  and  what  may  be  called  theological  defences  of  the 
Christian  faith.  The  religious  banqueting  houses  had  all  been 
prepared;  the  tables  were  set,  the  guests  were  invited;  the 
officials  of  the  feast  came  and  they  said,  "All  things  are  read},, 
come  to  the  supper.  Let  us  eat  the  fat  and  drink  the  sweet 
and  send  portions  to  them  for  whom  nothing  is  prepared;  so 
shall   we  be  children  of  the   Father  which   is  in  hea\cn."      Plain,. 


rilSTORY  OF  GF.NEKAL  COKVEXTIOX.  II3 

ringing,  emphatic,  dogmatic,  tender,  bright  and  sweet  were  the 
sermons,  and  thus  ended  a  Sunday  that  is  historic,  so  far  as 
preaching  is  concerned.  While  the  elder  people  had  been 
provided  for,  the  children  had  not  been  forgotten.  In  the 
afternoon  at  Gethsemane  was  a  great  Sunday-  School  rally.  The 
Church  was  crowded  in  every  part.  Rev.  Dr.  Langford  had 
charge  of  the  service.  Bishop  Nelson,  of  Georgia,  and  Bishop 
C.  C.  Penick  addressed  the  children.  Mr,  George  C.  Thomas, 
of  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Apostles,  Philadelphia,  one  of  the 
most  successful  Sunday  School  superintendents  in  America,  also 
gave  an  address  on  the  need  of  the  children's  support  of  mis- 
sionary w'ork  and  their  learning  lessons  of  reverence. 

Now  came  an  exercise  which  called  the  attention  of  every 
one  to  the  chancel  with  anxious  expectation.  Bishop  Ferguson, 
of  Cape  Palmas,  had  brought  with  him  a  little  boy,  whose  name 
is  Thomas  Tobau.  Thomas  was  born  of  heathen  parentage  and 
went  to  a  mission  school,  where  he  was  trained  with  a  diligence 
of  a  student  for  honors.  He  showed  great  aptitude  in  learning, 
and  enjoyed  religious  exercises  exceedingl}'.  Thomas  is  called 
the  Bishop's  mascot.  The  little  fellow,  being  introduced, 
smiled  one  of  his  most  captivating  smiles  and  looked  so  much 
at  home  that  all  the  children  were  pleased.  "Sa\-  your  cate- 
chism, Thomas."  Thomas  said  it,  in  plain  P^nglish  told  his 
duty  to  his  neighbor.  He  then  repeated  the  second  Psalm, 
and  by  way  of  closing  he  sang,  in  his  native  tongue,  "From 
Greenland's  Icy  Mountain,"  in  a  voice  as  clear  as  that  of  an 
English  lark  on  a  summer's  morn.  The  mountains  in  Green- 
land are  icy,  but  there  is  nothing  cold  about  Thomas  Tobau. 
To  the  children  who  saw  him  at  Gethsemane  Church  he  is  the 
best  remembered  personage  in  all   the  great  Convention   of  1895. 

In  St.  Paul  all  was  astir  betimes.  At  Christ  Church  Bishop 
Weed,  of  Florida,  preached  on  the  praj-er  of  blind  Bartimcus. 
The  Bisho[)  said,  "The  multitude  rebuked  this  blind  man,  but 
he  was  not  to  be  discouraged.  He  praj'ed  the  more  earnestly, 
'Thou  Son  of  David,  have  mercy  on  me.'  It  is  e\-er  thus,  when 
men  turn  their  faces  toward  the  Christ,  the  wDild  sa\s  'desist,' 
but  patient  faith  is  sure  of  its  reward.  Christ  did  hear  and 
Christ  did  answer  that  prayer  of  faith." 

In  the  same  Church  in  the  evening  Bishop  II.  C.  Potter,  of 
New  York,  preached.       The  text   was:    "Woe    is  me    that   I    am 


114  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

constrained  to  dwell  with  Mescch  and  have  my  habitation 
among  the  tents  of  Kedar.  Our  feet  shall  stand  within  thy 
gates,  O  Jerusalem."  The  Bishop  showed  how  the  tent-life 
was  transient,  and  how  the  people  referred  to  in  the  text  were 
at  least  half  barbarians,  and  how  the  Psalmist  felt  the  irksome- 
ness  of  living  in  such  condition,  and  how  the  yearnings  of  his 
heart  went  out  towards  Jerusalem;  how  the  temple  stood  to 
him  for  all  that  was  most  beautiful  in  art,  in  civilization,  in 
worship,  and  how  religion  then  as  now  is  the  one  great  pro- 
gressive conserving  force  in  all  society  worth  the  name,  and 
how  the  loftiest  souls  have  ever  yearned  for  the  place  where 
God's  honor  dwelleth. 

At  the  Church  of  the  Messiah  the  Rev.  Mr.  Haupt  is  Rector, 
and  the  special  preacher  was  the  Rev.  J.  H.  Eccleston,  D.  D., 
of  Baltimore,  Maryland.  The  sermon  was  in  some  respects 
unique,  but  exceedingly  useful.  It  was  an  exact  portrayal  of 
human  experience  in  many  walks  of  life.  "Make  me  as  one 
of  thy  hired  servants,"  was  the  text.  The  preacher  said  that 
when  this  prodigal  boy  went  to  feed  swine  he  was  far  away 
from  his  father's  home,  which  he  had  left  to  get  rid  of  restraint, 
but  he  had  taken  with  him  a  yoke  without  knowing  it,  and  a 
hard  one;  but  you  could  not  at  first  have  made  him  believe  it. 
No  man  lives  his  life  through  without  a  yoke,  and  how  much 
the  world  owes  to  its  yokes  will  never  be  known.  We  read  of 
the  glory  of  men  who  ride  the  horses  into  the  furious  battle, 
but  civilization  owes  more  to  the  ox  and  the  ass  than  it  does 
to  the  horse.  The  untamed  Tartar,  the  Indian  and  the  romantic 
Arab  are  all  men  of  the  horse,  but  Egypt,  Greece,  Rome, 
Northern  Europe,  use  the  slow  plodding  drudge,  the  ox.  His 
head  goes  down  into  the  yoke  and  civilization  grows  and  gains. 
The  prodigal  son  did  not  know  in  his  heyday  that  he  was 
yoked.  But  he  was  not  yoked,  as  the  ox  is,  to  growth  and 
usefulness  and  honorable  toil;  his  yoke  was  to  pleasure,  to 
spendthrift  habits  and  to  prodigal  ways,  to  degeneracy  and  the 
paths  of  death.  He  was  yoked  as  the  horse  is  to  a  battle 
chariot.  The  preacher  showed  the  need  of  the  wicked  turning 
from  their  yokes  and  bonds  and  prodigality. 

Bishop  Rulison  preached  at  night  on  "The  surprised  right- 
eous." The  text  was:  "Lord,  when  saw  we  thee  a  stranger  and 
took  thee  in?    athirst  and  gave  thee  drink?"  etc.      He  showed 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  11$ 

that  the  men  who  came  to  judgment  and  received  the  com- 
mendation of  Christ  had  just  done  good,  simply  that.  It  was 
the  outcome  of  their  being;  it  was  the  law  of  their  nature;  they 
did  not  keep  a  record  of  it;  they  did  it  and  went  their  way, 
and  that  is  the  highest  attainment  of  all  work  which  is  worth 
the  name  in  the  Church  of  God  or  in  the  world.  The  sermon 
was  an  earnest  plea  for  right  living. 

Bishop  Boyd  Vincent,  of  Southern  Ohio,  preached  at  the 
Ascension  Church.  The  Rev.  Charles  Holmes  is  Rector.  The 
Bishop  preached  on  "  The  love  of  God  and  the  love  of  the 
world  contrasted."  He  said :  "  You  cannot  love  two  things 
supremely;  if  you  love  the  world  best,  that  is  your  god;  if  you 
love  God  aright,  the  world  is  your  servant,  and  your  living  will 
be  harmonious  and  your  life  complete.  The  things  of  the 
world  will  perish  in  the  using;  the  things  of  God  will  grow 
more  real  and  true  as  you  understand  and  use  them.  It  is 
positively  pitiable  to  see  men  and  women  in  the  world  who  are 
struggling  to  defeat  the  progress  of  decay  and  keep  up  appear- 
ances. They  have  struggled  for  riches,  for  applause,  for  fame, 
none  of  which  they  have  gained,  and  soon  they  lie  in  a  cof^n, 
no  richer  than  when  they  lay  in  a  cradle.  They  can  take 
nothing  with  them,  yet  they  live  as  though  they  were  going  to 
live  forever,  when  they  are  the  creatures  of  a  day,  forgetful  of 
the  life  which  is  eternal,  and  might  be  made  to  bloom  as  with 
the  very  beauty  of  the  paradise  of  God." 

At  St,  Paul's  Church  this  was  a  high  day.  Early  celebra- 
tion of  Holy  Communion,  and  afterwards  Morning  Prayer  with 
Litany  and  an  address  by  Bishop  Spaulding,  of  Colorado,  on 
the  life  and  work  of  the  late  Bishop  Thomas,  of  Kansas,  a 
former  Rector  of  St.  Paul's.  The  preacher  spoke  of  Bishop 
Thomas  as  a  man,  as  a  Churchman,  as  a  parish  priest  and  as 
a  Bishop,  and  he  paid  a  high  tribute  to  his  former  comrade  in 
religious  work. 

At  night  Bishop  Nelson,  of  Georgia,  spoke  on  the  negro 
question.  He  has  800,000  blacks  in  his  Diocese.  He  said  the 
Southern  man  is  the  one  most  friendly  to  the  negro,  although  it 
was  the  act  of  the  North  that  made  him  free.  Many  Northern 
men  will  pet  a  negro  and  then  denounce  him  and  say  he  is 
hopeless.  A  Southern  man  by  long  association  knows  the 
negro,  both  his  limitations  and  his  powers.     A  negro  is  naturally 


Il6  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

religious.  Devotion  is  part  of  his  being,  but  many  negros  do 
not  understand  the  need  of  doing  right  for  right's  sake.  The 
colored  people  want  their  own  churches,  schools  and  institutions, 
and  they  should  have  them.  But  it  is  a  great  mistake  to  try 
and  give  them  at  the  first  a  literary  education.  What  they 
ought  to  have  is  an  industrial  education  and  an  education  which 
teaches  them  higher  and  better  views  of  life.  What  we  want 
is  to  teach  the  colored  people  that  they  can  be  united  with  the 
white  people;  that  Jesus  Christ  is  the  Saviour  of  all  alike.  If 
Bishop  Nelson's  view  is  the  view  of  Southern  Churchmen,  as 
I  believe  it  is,  glorious  results  will  follow  in  the  wake  of  the 
Church's  work. 

Bishop  Walker  preached  at  St.  James'  Church  a  sermon  on 
true  happiness.  He  said  "The  envy  of  the  poor  on  the  one  hand 
and  the  arrogancy  of  the  rich  on  the  other  hand  are  alike  to 
be  condemned.  Poverty  is  not  in  itself  an  evil  and  w'ealth  is 
not  in  itself  an  unmixed  good,  but  a  contented  spirit  is  at  all 
times  a  thing  above  price,  and  this,  by  grace,  we  all  can  have. 
It  is  not  an  Arcadia  we  want,  it  is  a  real  city  of  God,  which 
we  can  have  by  copying  the  example  of  Jesus  Christ  and  pray- 
ing for  His  grace  to  make  our  lives  like   His  own." 

In  the  morning  Bishop  Coxe  preached  at  the  Church  of  the 
Good  Shepherd.  The  whole  sermon  was  a  glorification  of  the 
work  of  the  Apostle,  St.  Paul.  In  the  afternoon  Bishop  Cole- 
man, of  Delaware,  gave  a  beautiful  address  on  the  lack  of 
reverence  among  so-called  Christian  people.  "This  arises  from 
the  fact,"  said  the  Bishop,  "that  the  solemnity  and  reality  of 
the  life  eternal  are  not  realized  as  they  should  be  by  Christian 
people.  When  we  compare  the  time  spent  in  labor  and  rest, 
in  struggle  and  ambition,  the  thought  and  the  care  bestowed 
upon  them,  with  that  which  is  bestowed  upon  our  spiritual  life 
and  the  world  to  come,  we  shall  see  the  reason  for  this  lack 
of  reverence  for  divine  things.  If  we  would  but  reverence  God, 
think  about  God  and  pay  our  vows  unto  Him,  our  spiritual  life 
would  grow  and  flourish,  and  we  should  become  more  God-like." 

Bishop  Thompson  was  the  preacher  in  the  evening.  The 
Bishop  of  Mississippi  is  well  known  to  Churchmen  as  one  of  the 
truly  great  preachers  of  the  American  Church.  He  is  a  master 
of  a  terse  and  epigrammatic  English  and  an  able  writer  on  ec- 
clesiastical subjects.       His  articles  in  the  religious  press,  which 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVEXTIOX.  II7 

have  been  reprinted,  and  his  sermons  in  defense  of  the  Christian 
faith  have  made  him  widely  known.  His  sermon  was  on  self- 
sacrifice  as  the  highest  law  of  Christian  love.  The  law  which 
says  to  the  highest  "You  must  reach  down  to  the  lowest,"  and  to 
the  strongest  "You  must  help  the  weakest,"  and  to  the  rich  "You 
must  help  the  poor,"  and  to  every  man  "You  are  not  in  the 
world  to  look  after  your  own  salvation  alone,  but  you  are  your 
brother's  keeper,"  is  a  divine  law  whose  deepest  principles  arc 
enshrined  in  the  very  incarnation  and  worked  out  in  the  whole 
life  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  Son  of  God. 

At  St.  John's  Church,  its  former  Rector,  J.  H.  White,  Bishop 
of  Indiana,  was  the  preacher.  The  subject  was  "  God's  love 
manifested  in  the  gift  of  His  son  for  the  salvation  of  men." 
The  sermon  was  a  clear  statement  of  the  great  principles  of 
the  Gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  the  Son  of  God,  who  left  heaven  and 
came  to  earth  to  save  men,  who  demands  our  faith  and  love 
and  service,  and  as  He  gave  Himself  so  we  should  give  our- 
selves to  the  service  of  God,  to  the  work  of  the  Church,  to  the 
salvation  of  men. 

In  the  afternoon,  in  the  same  church.  Bishop  Rulison,  of 
Central  Pennsylvania,  preached  on  the  glory  and  grandeur  of 
manhood.  He  showed  with  fullness  of  detail  what  Christianity 
had  done  for  men  ;  how  it  had  produced  the  very  highest  cul- 
ture yet  attained;  that  its  conquests  were  of  the  very  highest' 
order  on  every  line  of  human  action  ;  that  its  voices  were  ever 
upward;  that  its  sign -posts  were  ever  pointing  onward;  and 
that  the  highest  ideals  conceivable  to-day  are  attainable  to 
Christian  manhood.  Tiie  text  was,  "  What  is  man  that  Thou 
art  mindful  of  him?"  And  the  Bishop  showed  that  man  had 
capacities  and  capabilities  for  realizing  relationship  with  God 
and  the  enjoyment  of  God  to  all  eternity. 

The  most  memorable  service  of  the  da}-  in  the  city  of  St. 
Paul  was  that  at  which  St.  Clement's  Church,  which  is  the 
cathedral  of  the  Coadjutor  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota, 
AX.  N.  Gilbert,  D.  D.,  was  dedicated.  Very  man)'  >ears  ago 
the  Rev.  Theodore  Eaton,  U.  I).,  of  New  York,  baptized  a  child 
whose  parents  were  coming  out  West.  They  were  people  of 
limited  means,  and  were  so  impressed  with  the  baptismal  service 
that  in  after  }ears,  when  they  had  become  prosperous,  they  gave 
Dr.  I^aton  a  (juarter  section  of  land,  which  he  used   for  Church 


Il8  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

purposes.  This  land  was  in  Minnesota.  After  Dr.  Eaton's 
death,  his  widow,  a  most  devout  and  conscientious  Church 
woman,  wishing  to  do  good  to  the  Church  and  honor  the  mem- 
ory of  her  revered  husband,  built  St.  Clement's  and  gave  it  to 
the  Diocese.  The  consecration  services  were  very  impressive. 
The  Bishop  accepted  it  as  his  church,  and  has  as  assistant  and 
vicar  Rev.  Ernest  Dray.  Bishop  Gilbert  was  consecrator.  A 
large  vested  choir,  led  by  Mr.  A.  A.  McKechnie,  sang  the  musical 
part  of  the  service  with  great  precision.  In  the  chancel  were 
the  Bishop  of  New  York  and  hi-s  chaplain,  the  Rev.  Ralph 
Baldwin,  the  Rev.  E.  A.  Hoffman,  D.  D.,  New  York,  Arch- 
deacon Appleby  and  the  vicar  of  the  Church.  At  the  chancel 
rail  were  Mr.  Van  Alcott,  of  New  York,  and  Mr.  J.  Pierpont 
Morgan.  The  deed  of  gift  being  read  and  accepted,  Ven. 
Archdeacon  Appleby  read  the  sentences  of  dedication.  Bishop 
Potter  read  the  prayers.  Bishop  Gilbert  read  the  lessons. 
Bishop  Potter  then  ascended  the  pulpit  and  delivered  the  ser- 
mon. It  was  a  glorious  tribute  that  Bishop  Potter  paid  to  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Eaton's  memory.  Then  in  graphic  words  he  pictured 
the  New  Englander,  who  left  his  home  in  the  East  to  find  a 
new  home  in  the  West,  and  who,  fearing  his  God  and  rever- 
encing His  name,  did  not  rest  until  he  had  built  a  suitable 
church  in  which  to  offer  the  sacrifice  of  praise  and  of  thanks- 
giving. He  said  that  a  people  might  have  everything  the  world 
can  give  and  yet  not  be  truly  blessed.  It  required  religion  in 
the  heart  of  a  nation  to  supply  its  deepest  wants.  Without 
this,  civilization  must  end  as  did  ancient  Rome.  Bishop  Gilbert 
made  a  short  address,  in  which  he  said  it  was  the  intention  of 
the  giver  of  the  church  and  his  own  that  St.  Clement's  should 
stand  for  the  missionary  principles  of  the  Gospel  of  Jesus  Christ. 
The  church  was  crowded  in  every  part,  hundreds  of  people 
having  come  to  the  service  who  could  not  get  in. 


CHAPTER    XI. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

october  7th. 

yyiORNING  Prayer  at  9  o'clock.  President  Cyrus  Northrup 
■*■  *■  sent  an  invitation  to  the  House  to  visit  the  State  Uni- 
versity, which  was  accepted.  Rev.  George  F.  Breed,  of  Long 
Island,  thought  that  a  prayer  should  be  inserted  in  the  Morning 
Prayer  of  the  House  for  missions,  rather  than  that  special  prayer 
should  be  offered  for  missions  at  12  o'clock,  thus  interfering 
with  the  business  of  the  House.  Mr.  Biddle  desired  that  record 
should  be  kept  of  the  votes  taken  by  the  House  when  sitting 
as  a  committee  of  the  whole,  and  that  such  vote  be  placed  in 
the  Journal.  Whereupon  the  committee  reported  that  the  Sec- 
retary states  such  records  are  kept,  but  it  has  not  been  deemed 
needful  to  record  them  in  the  Journal. 

Deputy  Edmunds  proposed  that  the  House  make  provision 
in  the  rules  governing  debate  on  subsidiary  questions  requiring 
action  of  part  of  the  House  of  Deputies  only,  and  also  on  per- 
mitting that  in  questions  requiring  action  by  both  Houses 
debate  may  be  ended  after  it  has  continued  for  a  period  of 
three  hours. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Prali,  of  Michigan,  from  the  deputation  ap- 
pointed to  visit  the  Provincial  Synod  of  the  Church  of  England 
in  Canada,  in  September  last,  reported  that  the  visit  had  been 
very  pleasant,  and  that  they  deemed  these  interchanges  of 
fraternal  regard  as  a  great  benefit.  The  committee  suggested 
that,  as  the  Provinces  of  Canada  are  now  united  in  a  General 
Synod,  future  deputations  should  be  sent  to  that  body  only. 

Mr.  Sowdon  moved  that  the  House  of  Bishops  be  asked  to 
prepare  and  consider  a  short  form  of  prayer  to  be  used  in  the 


120  II [STORY  OF  GENERAL   COWEXTIO.Y. 

churches  on  the  4th  of  July,  with  a  view  to  elexating  the  general 
observance  ot  that  patriotic  da\'.  Referred  to  the  Committee 
on  the  State  of  the  Church. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Drowne  moved  for  a  committee  to  consider 
miscellaneous  resolutions,  and  also  consider  the  expediency  of 
declining  all  further  invitations  that  might  interfere  with  the 
business  of  the  P^ouse.  Both  referred  to  Committee  on  Rules 
of  Order. 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  of  New  York,  presented  for  reference 
to  the  Committee  on  Amendments  to  the  Constitution  a  substi- 
tute for  a  resolution  offered  by  him  three  years  ago,  in  regard 
to  which  he  explained  that  it  was  in  answer  to  questions  or 
objections  that  had  been  raised.  The  resolution  provided  that 
"  nothing  in  Article  8  should  be  so  construed  as  to  restrain  any 
Bishop  of  this  Church  from  episcopal  oversight  of  any  congre- 
gation not  previously  in  communion  with  the  Church,  but  whose 
ministers  should  receive  episcopal  ordination,  and  whose  book 
of  service  should  contain  nothing  contrary  to  the  doctrines  of 
this  Church,  and  should  include  provision  for  the  apostolic  rite 
of  Confirmation,  and  require  that  in  the  administration  of  the 
Sacraments  the  elements  ordained  by  Christ  Himself  should  be 
used." 

Rev.  Dr.  Nelson,  of  New  York,  desired  that  the  resolution 
preventing  the  binding  in  one  volume  of  the  Hymnal  and  the 
Book  of  Common   Prayer  be  rescinded. 

Dr.  Elliott  offered  a  resolution  expressing  thanks  for  the 
Pastoral  Letter  of  last  year,  and  asking  that  it  be  printed  in 
accordance  with  the  Canon  20,  Sec.  3.  The  motion  was  then 
made  to  take  it  from  the  calendar  and  consider  it.  The  Rev. 
Dr.  Parks,  of  Pennsylvania,  spoke  very  ably  in  opposition  to 
considering  it  at  this  time. 

Mr.  P'airbanks'  resolution  in  regard  to  setting  off  a  portion 
of  Florida  was  tlien  brought  up.  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop,  of  Long 
Island,  also  spoke.  Rev.  Dr.  Taylor,  of  Springfield,  moved  to 
lay  the  whole  matter  on  the  table.  Dr.  McVicar  moved  the 
whole  matter  be  referred  to  a  committee  on  constitutional 
amendments.     So  ordered. 

It  was  now  time  for  the  order  of  the  day.  The  House  went 
into  committee  of  the  whole.  Mr.  Joseph  Packard,  of  Mary- 
land, was  again    called    in    the    chair.       Mr.    Packard    is  a  most 


HISTORY  OF   GENERAL  CONVENTION.  121 

expert  and  admirable  presiding  officer.  The  question  before  the 
House  was  Section  i,  Article  i,  and  the  amendments  thereto, 
providing  that  the  House  of  Bishops  should  be  required  to 
report  on  any  action  of  the  House  of  Deputies  submitted  to 
them  within  three  days,  and  that  in  case  of  failure  to  do  so 
the  action  of  the  House  of  Deputies  should  become  law. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport  reviewed  the  records  ot  the  Gen- 
eral Convention  from  the  beginning  as  relating  to  this  matter. 
He  said  that  it  was  a  question  simply  whether  the  House  of 
Bishops  is  to  be  regarded  as  a  House  of  Revision  or  whether 
it  is  regarded  as  one  of  concurrent  action.  He  claimed  that  it 
was  not  possible  to  enforce  the  proposed  limit  of  time.  "We 
can  trust  the  House  of  Bishops,"  he  said. 

The  Rev.  E.  Spalding,  D.  D.,  of  Alabama,  said  it  appeared 
plain  that  the  power  to  bind  and  loose  was  given  to  the  House 
of  Deputies,  but  he  thought  it  ought  to  show  mercy  in  this 
matter. 

Dr.  McVicar  said:  "This  is  not  a  matter  of  sentiment.  It 
is  not  a  matter  of  loosing  and  letting  go  the  House  of  Bishops. 
It  is  not  a  matter  of  respect  for  the  'Upper  House,'  as  it  is 
called.  It  is  a  simple,  cold  question  of  wise  legislation.  Of 
course,  we  trust  the  House  of  Bishops,  and  we  take  it  for 
granted  that  they  can  and  will  trust  us,  and  the  action  taken 
will  be  for  good  or  ill,  long  after  we  shall  all  be  dead  and 
forgotten.  There  is  a  decided  drift  in  this  proposed  revision 
of  the  Constitution  and  Canons  toward  the  House  of  Bishops. 
We  must  remember,  however,  that  that  House  sits  with  closed 
doors;  they  can,  for  any  reason  they  see  fit,  pack  away  any- 
thing we  send  to  them  and  say  nothing  to  us  about  it.  We 
have  no  such  power  in  regard  to  anything  they  send  to  us. 
What  they  send  to  us  comes  in  the  clear  light  of  open  da\-. 
It  can  be  discussed  in  the  newspapers.  It  often  is.  Vou  stand 
on  a  public  platform,  and  we  are  only  asking  reasonable  things 
when  we  ask  for  reasons  from  the  House  of  Bishops  for  the 
action  they  take  upon  it.  In  this  House  the  numbers  required 
to  pass  any  measure  are  constantly  growing  larger.  It  is  now 
proposed  to  legislate  in  such  a  manner  as  that  17  Bishops  may 
possibly  rule  legislation.  It  may  be  that  this  House  wants  to 
give    more  power  to  the   House    of  Bishops  —  that    this  is  your 


122  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

will;  but  if  so,  let  it  be  done  understandingly  and  with  our  eyes 
open." 

Rev.  Dr.  Spalding,  of  California,  said:  'The  House  of  Bish- 
ops is  beginning  to  attain  its  proper  place.  We  ought  to  leg- 
islate so  as  to  give  more  power  to  the  House  of  Bishops. 
They  are  our  fathers  in  the  Church  of  God.  There  was  a  time 
when  we  worked  hard  to  get  our  Bishops,  and  one  when  some 
people  did  not  want  any  Bishops.  For  one,  I  do  not  want 
this  question  influenced  by  the  fact  that  Bishops  sit  behind 
closed  doors.  It  is  not  done  for  their  privilege.  It  is  one  of 
protection.  I  know  of  some  matters  being  brought  before  the 
House  of  Bishops  in  reference  to  Prayer  Book  revision  when 
this  House  was  unwilling  to  have  the  action  of  the  Bishops 
known  before  we  had  considered  the  matter.  I  hope  that  the 
amendment  to  the  amendment  will  be  voted  down  and  the 
Bishops  placed  upon  a  parity  with  the  Deputies  in  matters 
legislative." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Maryland,  said:  "I  would  have 
equality  of  both  Houses  as  justice  to  ourselves  and  as  justice 
to  the  Dioceses  which  we  represent.  In  a  great  council  like 
this  we  should  act    concurrently." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York,  the  member  of  Revi- 
sion Commission,  who  was  charged  with  introducing  the  report 
into  the  House  of  Deputies,  said:  "I  may  inform  the  House 
that  all  those  matters  which  give  more  power  to  the  Bishops 
were  not  suggested  by  prelates,  and  some  of  them  were  not 
approved  by  some  of  the  Bishops  on  the  Commission." 

The  Deputy  from  Pennsylvania  said:  "We  are  likely  to  in- 
crease the  majority  required  in  this  House  while  we  lower  it 
in  that.  It  may  be  that  a  majority  in  the  House  of  Bishops 
could  be  15.  My  opinion  is  that  it  would  require  20.  But  I 
may  inform  the  House  that  under  the  present  Constitution  no 
specific  number  is  required.  I  think  the  three  days'  limit  pro- 
posed, in  which  the  Bishops  must  report  their  action,  and  if  it 
is  not  in  accordance  with  the  action  of  this  House  state  the 
reasons  for  such  dissent,  to  be  exceedingly  unjust.  In  regard 
to  equal  rights,  the  House  of  Clerical  and  Lay  Deputies  can  at 
any  moment,  if  it  so  wills,  lay  upon  the  table  any  matter 
coming  from  the  House." 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 23 

Dr.  McKim,  of  Maryland,  thought  the  three  days'  require- 
ment should  be  stricken  out.  He  expressed  his  delight  at 
hearing  that  the  request  to  extend  the  rights  of  the  House  of 
Bishops  did  not  come  from  members  of  that  House.  He 
demonstrated  that  in  voting  as  he  should  do  against  increasing 
the  Bishops'  powers  he  should  have  the  sympathy  of  the  House 
of  Bishops  itself. 

Rev.  J.  J.  Faude,  of  Minnesota,  said  :  "It  seems  that  the 
general  feeling  in  this  House  is  against  the  increase  of  the 
powers  of  the  House  of  Bishops.  Let  us  distinguish  legislative 
equality  from  the  powers  which  belong  inherently  to  the  House 
of  Bishops.  This  House  is  perfectly  able  to  iiold  its  own  in 
matters  of  legislation.  There  are  certainly  matters  I  shall 
oppose  in  this  proposed  revision,  but  I  see  no  objection  to  this 
section  as  it   stands." 

The  Rev.  P.  G.  Robert  said  that  little  by  little  the  rights 
of  Bishops  have  been  acknowledged.  We  should  be  willing  to 
trust  them.  They  have  to  deal  with  all  sorts  and  conditions 
of  priests.  They  had  his  profound  sympathy.  On  a  vote 
being  taken  the  amendment  was  lost. 

By  this  time  it  was  clear  that  the  discussion  on  revision  of 
Constitution  and  Canons  was  becoming  wearisome  to  a  large 
number  of  Deputies,  and  that  it  would  not  be  carried  through 
at  this  Convention.  Rev.  Dr.  Roberts  moved  that  the  consid- 
eration be  in  the  House  and  not  in  committee  of  the  whole. 
"  I  want  to  get  out  of  the  difficulty  we  are  in,"  he  said.  The 
Chairman  said  the  motion  was  out  of  order.  The  committee 
then  arose  and  the  House  adjourned. 


CHAPTER    XII. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

OCTOBER  8th. 

yi/IORNING  Prayer  was  said  by  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop,  of  Long 
■*■'*■  Island,  and  the  benediction  was  pronounced  by  the 
Bishop  of  West  Virginia. 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  of  New  York,  submitted  a  report  from 
the  Committee  on  Amendments  to  the  Constitution,  to  which 
was  referred  the  proposal  to  change  the  word  "  constitution  " 
to  "  constitutions,"  and  the  incidental  changes  necessitated 
thereby,  and  advised  against  the  change. 

Rev.  Dr.  Davenport  brought  in  a  report  to  amend  Title  3, 
Canon   i,  Section  2,  in  relation  to  the  office  of  Registrar. 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  who  had  been  asked  by  Rev.  Dr.  Hart 
to  present  to  the  Convention  his  report  as  the  custodian  of  the 
Standard  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  did  so.  It  was  accompanied 
by  a  resolution  to  change  the  Golden  Numbers  in  the  book. 
Dr.  Huntington  said,  "  Before  anybody  has  time  to  ask  any 
difficult  questions  about  the  Golden  Numbers,  I  move  that  the 
resolution  be  referred  to  the  Committee  on  the  Prayer  Book." 
Agreed  to. 

Memorials  in  relation  to  the  late  Rev.  Lewis  Burton,  of 
Ohio,  the  late  Dr.  Wainwright,  of  Connecticut,  the  late  Corning 
.S.  Judd,  of  Chicago,  and  the  late  Hon.  Matthew  P.  Deady,  of 
Oregon,  were  presented  and  referred  to  the  proper  committee. 

Mr.  Fairbanks  presented  a  memorial  from  the  annual  council 
of  his  Diocese  asking  that  action  be  taken  on  the  report  of 
the  Joint  Committee  on  degrees  of  affinity  and  kindred.  Re- 
ferred to  Committee  on  Canons. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 25 

Rev.  Mr.  Bennitt,  of  Newark,  moved  that  the  title  "  Bishop 
Coadjutor"  be  substituted  for  "Assistant  Bishop"  wherever  it 
occurs  in  the  Constitution.       Placed  on  the  calendar. 

Mr.  Stiness,  of  Rhode  Island,  submitted  an  amendment  to 
Article   i.  Canon   19,  Section    12.       Referred. 

Dr.  Morrison,  of  Albany,  submitted  an  amendment  to  Title 
2,  Canon  4.  Section  3,  by  inserting  after  the  words  "  General 
Convention"  "And  shall  certify  that  a  majority  of  all  the  clergy 
and  of  the  parishes  and  of  the  congregations  of  the  proposed 
new  Diocese  and  the  same  proportion  of  the  remaining  territory 
have  given  their  consent  to  a  division."      Referred. 

Rev.  Dr.  Egar,  of  Central  New  York,  said  that  although  the 
Committee  on  Constitutional  Amendments  had  brought  in  a 
report,  and  asked  to  be  discharged,  this  did  not  discharge  the 
House.  He  therefore  moved  that  the  resolution  be  placed  on 
the  calendar.       So  ordered. 

Mr.  Forsyth,  of  Louisiana,  on  behalf  of  Bishop  Sessums  said 
his  Diocese  invited  the  Convention  to  hold  its  next  session  in 
New  Orleans. 

Two  messages  were  received  (Nos.  8  and  9)  from  the  House 
of  Bishops,  informing  the  House  that  it  had  adopted  resolutions 
containing  amendments  to    the  Constitution. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York:  I  move  to  suspend 
the  rules  of  the  House,  in  order  that  we  may  take  immediate 
action  in  this  House  on  the  messages  just  received  from  the 
House  of  Bishops.      Agreed  to. 

The  President:  The  business  now  before  the  House  is  Mes- 
sage No.  8,  which  the  Secretary  will   read. 

The  message  was  read  as  follows: 

Resolved,  The  House  of  Deputies  concurring,  that  the  fol- 
lowing amendment  be  made  to  the  Constitution,  and  that  the 
proposed  amendment  be  made  known  to  the  several  Dioceses, 
in  order  that  it  may  be  finally  agreed  to  and  ratified  at  the 
next  General  Convention,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
Article  ix  of  the  Constitution. 

Strike  out  the  title  and  insert  in  place  thereof  the  following: 

"  Constitution  and  Canons  for  the  government  of  that  portion 
of  the  Catholic  Church  known  in  law  as  the  Protestant  l^pis- 
copal  Church  in  the  United  States  of  America." 

Adding  thereto  the  sub-title  "  Constitutions." 


126  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  vote  was  taken  by  Dioceses  and  Orders  with  the  fol- 
lowing result: 

Clerical  \'ote — ayes,  47  Dioceses;  nays,  5  Dioceses;  divided, 
I    Diocese. 

Lay  vote — ayes,  36  Dioceses;  nays,  8  Dioceses;  divided,  6 
Dioceses. 

The  President:  The  House  concurs  with  the  House  of  Bishops 
in  Message  No.  8.  The  question  now  before  the  House  is 
Message  No.  9,  w'hich  will  be  read. 

The  message  was  read  as  follows: 

The  House  of  Bishops  informs  the  House  of  Deputies  that 
it  has  adopted  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  The  House  of  Deputies  concurring,  that  the  fol- 
lowing amendment  be  made  to  the  Constitution,  and  that  the 
proposed  amendment  be  made  known  to  the  several  Dioceses 
in  order  that  it  may  be  finally  agreed  to  and  ratified  in  the  next 
General  Convention,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  Art.  ix 
of  the  Constitution 

Insert  in  place  of  Articles  i,  11  and  iii  of  the  Constitution 
the  following: 

I. 

Section  i.  There  shall  be  a  General  Synod  of  this  Church, 
consisting  of  the  House  of  Bishops  and  the  House  of  Deputies, 
which  Houses  shall  sit  and  deliberate  separately  ;  and  in  all 
deliberations  freedom  of  debate  shall  be  allowed.  Either  House 
may  originate  and  propose  legislation,  but  every  act  of  the 
General  Synod  must  be  adopted  by  both  Houses  and  be  cer- 
tified by  the  signatures  of  the  presiding  officer  and  of  the 
Secretary  of  each   House. 

Sec.  2.  Every  Bishop  of  this  Church,  every  Bishop  Coad- 
jutor and  every  Bishop  whose  resignation  of  jurisdiction  by 
reason  of  advanced  age  or  infirmity  shall  have  been  accepted, 
shall  have  a  seat  and  a  vote  in  the  House  of  Bishops.  A 
majority  of  all  Bishops  entitled  to  vote,  exclusive  of  those  who 
have  resigned  their  jurisdiction  and  those  who  are  Bishops  in 
foreign  lands,  shall  be  necessary  to  constitute  a  quorum  for  the 
transaction  of  business. 

Sec.  3.  The  senior  Bishop  of  this  Church,  in  order  of  con- 
secration, having  jurisdiction  within  the  United  States,  shall  be 
the  presiding  officer    of    the    House    of    Bishops,    and    shall    be 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 27 

called  the  Primate.  He  shall  discharge  such  duties  as  may 
be  prescribed  by  the  Constitutions  and  Canons  of  the  General 
Synod  or  for  its  own  needs  by  the  House  of  Bishops.  The 
Primate  shall  hold  office  for  life,  unless  he  resign  or  be  removed 
for  disability  or  canonical  cause. 

Sec.  4.  The  Church  in  each  Diocese  which  shall  have  been 
admitted  to  the  General  Synod  shall  be  entitled  to  be  repre- 
sented in  the  House  of  Deputies  by  not  more  than  three 
presbyters,  canonically  resident  in  the  Diocese,  and  three  lay- 
men, communicants  of  this  Church  and  having  domicile  in  the 
Diocese.  Each  Diocese  shall  prescribe  the  manner  in  which 
its  Deputies  shall  be  chosen. 

A  majority  of  the  Dioceses  entitled  to  representation  shall 
be  represented  by  clerical  Deputies,  and  also  a  majority  of  the 
Dioceses  so  entitled  shall  be  represented  by  lay  Deputies,  to 
constitute  a  quorum  for  the  transaction  of  business.  The  ab- 
sence of  a  majority  of  the  deputies  of  either  order  of  any 
Diocese  shall  not  invalidate  the  representation  of  such  Diocese 
so  long  as  there  be  present  one  or  more  Deputies  of  either 
order.  If  any  Diocese  be  not  represented,  or  be  represented 
in  one  order  only,  such  Diocese  shall,  nevertheless,  be  bound 
by  the  acts  of  the  General  Synod. 

On  any  question  the  vote  of  the  majority  of  the  Deputies 
present  shall  suffice,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  these  consti- 
tutions, or  unless  the  clerical  or  lay  representation  from  any 
Diocese  require  that  the  vote  be  taken  by  orders  ;  and  in  all 
cases  of  a  vote  by  orders  the  two  orders  shall  vote  separately, 
each  Diocese  having  one  vote  for  its  clerical  and  one  for  its 
lay  representation,  if  present  ;  and  the  concurrence  of  the  votes 
of  the  two  orders,  by  not  less  than  a  majorit)'  in  each  order  of 
all  the  Dioceses  represented  in  that  order  at  the  time,  shall  be 
necessary  to  constitute  a  vote  of  the  House. 

Sec.  5.  In  either  House  any  number  less  than  a  quorum 
may  adjourn  from  day  to  day.  Neither  House  during  the 
session  of  the  General  Synod  shall  adjourn,  without  the  consent 
of  the  other,  for  more  than  three  days,  or  to  any  place  other 
than  that  in  which  the  Synod  shall  be  sitting. 

Sec.  6.  One  clerical  and  one  lay  delegate  chosen  by  each 
missionary  district  of  this  Church  shall  have  seats  in  the  House 
of  Deputies  without  the  right  to  vote. 


128  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

II. 

The  General  Synod  shall  meet  in  every  third  year  at  such 
time  and  place  as  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Synod;  and  if  there 
shall  appear  to  the  Primate  sufficient  cause  for  changing  the 
place  so  appointed,  he  may  appoint  another  place  for  such 
meeting.  Special  meetings  may  be  called  in  accordance  with 
canonical  provisions  of  the  Synod. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop,  of  Long  Island:  I  move  to  strike  out 
Sec.  I,  Article  i,  as  proposed  in  the  message  of  the  House  of 
Bishops,  and  insert  the  following: 

.Sec.  I.  There  shall  be  a  General  Convention  of  this 
Church,  consisting  of  the  House  of  Bishops  and  the  House  of 
Deputies,  which  Houses  shall  sit  and  deliberate  separately,  and 
in  all  deliberations  freedom  of  debate  shall  be  allowed.  Either 
House  may  originate  and  propose  legislation,  but  every  act  of 
the  General  Convention  must  be  adopted  by  both  Houses  and 
be  certified  by  the  signatures  of  the  presiding  officer  and  of  the 
secretary  of  each   House. 

The  President:  The  question  is  on  agreeing  to  the  motion 
to  amend   made  by  the  Rev.   Dr.  Alsop,  of  Long  Island. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  P!gar,  of  Central  New  York:  I  offer  the  fol- 
lowing resolution: 

Resolved,  That  Article  i.  Sec.  i,  of  the  proposed  revised 
Constitution  be  amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

"There  shall  be  a  General  Convention  of  this  Church  on  the 
first  Wednesday  in  October  in  every  third  year  after  the    year 

one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  ,   in  such  place  as  shall 

be  appointed  by  the  Convention,  and  if  there  shall  appear  to 
the  Primate  sufficient  cause  for  changing  the  place  so  appoint- 
ed, he  may  appoint  another  place  for  such  meeting. 

"Sec.  2.  The  General  Convention  shall  consist  of  the  House 
of  Bishops  and  the  House  of  De[)uties,  which  Houses  shall  sit 
and  deliberate  separately,  and  in  all  deliberations  freedom  of 
debate  shall  be  allowed.  Either  House  may  originate  and 
propose  legislation,  but  every  act  of  the  General  Convention 
must  be  adopted  by  both  Houses  and  be  certified  by  the  sig- 
natures of  the  presiding  officer  and  of  the  secretary  of  each 
House." 

Number  the  succeeding  sections  of  Article  i,  to  correspond 
with  the  above.       I   move  to  strike  out   from  Article  ii   all  that 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 29 

precedes  the  words  "special  meetings."  I  ask  the  gentleman 
who  has  just  made  the  motion  to  amend,  to  be  kind  enough 
to  confine  his  motion  to  the  substitution  of  the  word  "Conven- 
tion" for  the  word  "Synod,"  which  is  the  essence  of  his  amend- 
ment, and  then  permit  this    motion  to  be  made. 

The  President:  The  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop  modifies  his  amendment 
and  moves  to    substitute   the    word    "Convention"  for  "Synod." 

The  amendment  was  agreed  to. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Egar:  I  now  move  the  amendment,  which  I 
have  handed  to  the  Secretary,  and  which   I  have  just  read. 

Mr.  Stetson,  of  New  York:  Before  the  amendment  of  Dr. 
Egar  shall  be  put,  I  desire  to  state  that  it  was  my  intention 
when  this  subject  should  have  been  reached  in  its  proper  order 
to  offer  the  following  re'solution: 

Resolved,  That  the  words  "every  third  year"  be  changed  so 
as  to  read  "every  fifth  year." 

The  President:  The  Rev.  Dr.  Egar  modifies  his  amendment 
so  as  to  make  it  possible  for  the  General  Convention  to  meet 
either  every  three  years  or  every  five  years. 

Rev.  Dr.  Fulton  moved  that  Dr.  Egar's  amendment  be  laid 
on  the  table.  On  division  being  taken  154  said  "Aye,"  167 
said  "No."  The  discussion  was  continued  by  Mr.  Nash,  of 
New  York,  Rev.  Dr.  Egar,  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  Rev.  Dr.  Stone, 
and  Mr.  Biddle.  The  question  was  now  upon  the  substitute  of 
Dr.  Egar,  which  was  rejected.  The  question  was  now  upon 
Section   i   of  Message  No.  9,  of    the  House  of  Bishops. 

The  President:  If  there  be  no  further  amendments  to  Sec. 
I,  the  House  will  consider  Sec.  2. 

Mr.  Bennett,  of  Massachusetts,  moved  to  strike  out  Sec.  2 
of  the  Bishops'  message  and  put  into  it  the  following  words: 
"The  Bishop  or  Bishop  Coadjutor,  if  any,  of  every  Diocese, 
and  every  Missionary  Bishop,  shall  have  a  seat  and  vote  in 
the  House  of  Bishops.  Any  Bishop  whose  resignation  of  his 
jurisdiction  shall  have  been  duly  accepted  shall  have  a  seat 
therein  without  a  vote.  A  majority  of  all  the  Bishops  entitled 
to  vote,  exclusive  of  missionary  Bishops  in  territor)'  bej'ond 
the  United  States,  shall  be  necessary  to  constitute  a  quorum 
for  the   transaction  of  business." 

Mr.    Prince    moved    to    amend    by    striking    out    the    words 


130  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

"Bishop  Coadjutor"  and  inserting  "Assistant  Bishop."  This 
amendment  was   rejected. 

House  adjourned  until  3  o'clock. 

At  the  afternoon  session  Mr.  Sovvdon  presented  the  trien- 
nial report  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  Convention.  Rev.  Dr.  Ward 
presented  report  from  the  Joint  Committee  on  place  of  meeting 
of  next  General  Convention,  recommending  the  city  of  Boston, 
Mass.       Report  placed  on    calendar. 

Mr.  Edmunds,  of  Vermont,  on  his  own  motion  and  by 
unanimous  consent,  was  excused  from  further  attendance  at  the 
Convention  and  his  resignation  as  a  member  on  the  Committee 
of  Amendments  to  the  Constitution  was  accepted.  From  this 
time  Mr.  Henry  Wells,  of  Burlington,  filled  the  place  in  the 
delegation  from  Vermont  vacated  by  Senator  Edmunds. 

The  revision  of  the  Constitution  was  now  again  taken  up. 
Rev.  Dr.  Rhodes,  of  Southern  Ohio,  moved  to  postpone  the 
Bishops'  Message  No.  9  until  tomorrow  morning  at  9  o'clock. 
This  was  voted  down. 

Mr.  Bennett's  amendment  was  now  the  question.  Rev. 
Chauncey  B.  Brewster  moved  to  amend  the  amendment  pro- 
posed by  striking  out  the  last  sentence  of  the  same.  This  was 
accepted  by  Judge  Bennitt.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Morrison,  of  Albany, 
said  he  preferred  the  old  section  as  it  came  from  the  House  of 
Bishops.  He  deprecated  the  idea  that  venerable  Bishops,  who 
by  reason  of  age  had  resigned  jurisdiction,  should  be  without 
votes.  Dr.  Hoffman  said  if  the  House  desired  to  give  resigned 
Bishops  a  vote,  in  his  judgment  the  thing  to  do  was  to  accept 
the  section  as  sent  from  the  Bishops. 

Dr.  Richards,  of  Rhode  Island,  said  it  is  possible  that  there 
may  be  at  one  time  two  Bishops  who  have  resigned  in  one 
Diocese.  In  that  case,  such  Diocese  would  have  three  votes 
in  the   House  of  Bishops. 

Mr.  Lightner,  of  Minnesota,  asked  what  provision  was  in- 
tended to  be  made  to  determine  the  cause  of  resignation.  Dr. 
Hoffman  replied:  "I  suggest  the  insertion  of  the  words,  'whose 
resignation  has  been  duly  accepted.'  "  Rev.  Dr.  McVicar:  "  I 
call  attention  to  this  bugbear  of  depriving  the  aged  and  infirm 
Bishops  of  their  votes.  It  amounts  to  little,  after  all.  They 
are  still  Bishops.  We  arc  simply  depriving  them  of  the  right 
of  legislation  in  matters  which  have  almost  ceased  to  interest 
them   j3ractically." 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTION.  13I 

Rev.  Dr.  McKim  moved  to  amend  by  the  words,  "A  majority 
of  all  Bishops  entitled  to  vote,  exclusive  of  those  who  are 
Bishops  in  foreign  lands,  shall  be  necessary  to  constitute  a 
quorum  for  the  transaction  of  business." 

Mr.  Hill  Burgwin  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  Con- 
stitution which  it  is  now  proposed  to  amend  knows  nothing 
about  resigned  Bishops.  The  amendment  to  the  amendment 
was  lost. 

Now  Mr.  Bennett's  amendment  came  up,  and  it  was  rejected. 
The  question    now  recurred    on  Section  2,  which    was   adopted. 

Section  3  came  up  for  discussion,  and  the  word  "  Primate." 
By  reading  Section  3  it  will  be  seen  that  the  question  of  a 
General  Synod  and  the  designation  of  the  presiding  Bishop  by 
the  word  "  Primate,"  were  involved.  Mr.  George  C.  Thomas 
moved  to  strike  out  the  word  "Primate"  and  put  in  its  place 
"  Presiding  Bishop."  Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Maryland,  made  a 
very  able  speech.  He  said  the  Commission  had,  of  its  own  free 
will,  increased  largel}^  the  power  of  the  House  of  Bishops.  He 
affirmed  that  not  a  single  reason  had  been  given  why  the  words 
"Presiding  Bishop"  should  be  dropped.  He  said,  "If  we  are, 
as  we  are  told  we  are,  the  American  Church,  do  not  let  us  be 
ashamed  of  American  names  or  republican  institutions  or  re- 
publican words.  We  cannot  find  any  loftier  name  than  that  of 
'Presiding  Bishop.'"  This  speech  was  very  manly  and  frank 
and  able. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Lobdell,  of  Western  New  York,  who  is  one 
of  the  most  faithful  attendants  and  diligent  and  careful  Deputies 
in  the  Convention,  now  addressed  the  House,  and  was  listened 
to  with  marked  attention.  He  said:  "There  seems  to  be  an 
impression  that  those  of  us  who  are  accustomed  to  vote,  and 
very  seldom  make  speeches,  cannot  vote  intelligent))'  unless  we 
are  properly  instructed.  They  think  we  do  it  ignorantl)'.  They 
are  wrong.  We  do  it  in  a  spirit  of  forbearance.  If  fewer  long 
speeches  were  made  the  action  taken  would  often  be  more  in- 
telligent. Every  Deputy  has  had  the  report  of  the  Commission 
in  his  hand  for  months,  and  has  studied  the  subject  and  is 
I)repared  to  vote." 

Rev.  Dr.  McKim  said  that,  not  w  ithstanding  the  words  spoken 
by  the  learned  Deputy  from  Western  New  York,  he  desired  to 
place  himself  by  the  side  of  his  brother  from    Maryland.      He 


132  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

said,  "  Names  are  things,  and  I  oppose  it  because  it  suggests 
a  hierarchy." 

Rev.  Dr.  Harwood,  of  Connecticut,  made  a  strong  speech 
against  the  word  "  Primate."  He  asked  if  there  was  any  think- 
able reason  why  this  change  in  name  should  be  made.  "Your 
Primate  will  have  no  Provincials,  no  court,  no  power." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington  said  it  is  proposed  to  associate 
the  word  "Primate"  with  the  venerableness  of  old  age,  and 
veneration  for  old  age  is  one  of  the  primary  principles  of 
Christian  morals.  He  said:  "I  am  on  record  as  having  fought 
against  pretentious  titles,  and  struck  at  'Very  Reverends'  and 
'Venerablcs'  whenever  I  had  a  chance,  but  when  it  comes  to  a 
truly  great  position  it  should  have  a  great  name.  The  Church 
must  be  thoroughly  American,  or  it  may  just  as  well  close  its 
doors.  'Primate'  has  no  Anglomania  about  it.  It  is  not  hier- 
archical. The  two  words  that  are,  are  'Archbishop'  and  'Metro- 
politan.'" Dr.  Huntington  also  spoke  strongly  against  "Prelacy," 
but  he  said  there  is  nothing  inconsistent  in  all  this  with  advocacy 
of  the  word  "  Primate." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Carey,  of  the  Diocese  of  Albany,  said  they 
need  not  fear  the  use  of  the  word  "  Primate."  The  Am- 
erican people  would  understand  it   perfectly. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Greer,  of  New  York,  made  a  speech  against 
the  use  of  the  word  "Primate,"  which  was  intense  in  its  fervor. 
He  said:  "  Names  stand  for  principles,  for  facts,  for  groups  of 
facts,  for  whole  philosophies  of  principles.  In  a  name  that  is 
full  of  ancient  and  memorable  associations  a  whole  history  is 
spoken.  You  cannot  divest  a  name  of  its  history.  I  am 
appealing  to  common  sense  when  I  say  that  the  great  mass  of 
the  American  people  will  associate  with  the  word  '  Primate  ' 
something  more  than  the  venerableness  of  age.  There  is  more 
power  in  names  than  there  is  in  laws,  and  give  me  the  naming 
of  things  and  I  don't  care  who  makes  the  laws.  I  want  to  see 
this  Church  the  great  comprehensive  Mother  Church  of  the 
American  people.  The  place  it  has  gained  has  been  under 
those  simple,  great  and  dignified  titles  that  the  common  sense 
of  the  multitude    can    appreciate,  understand    and   respond  to." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Green,  of  Iowa,  said,  "This  Church  of  ours  has 
grown  to  what  she  is  because  she  is  an  institutional  Church 
filled  with  the  dignity  of  an  episcopacy,  because  she  is  a  Church 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  I  33 

tliat  looks  back  to  the  apostolic  succession.  She  came  from 
England  and  marched  into  the  van  of  American  institutions 
and  is  going  on  from  conquest  to  victory.  I  shall  welcome 
the  term  'Primate'  because  it  puts  us  into  touch  with  the 
Anglican  communion  throughout  tUe  world." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Spalding,  of  Alabama,  said  that  he  found  that 
Peter  was  Primate  in  New  Testament  history. 

Rev.  Dr.  Battershall,  of  Albany,  said  that  Primate  was 
simply  a  numerical  term,  most  innocent  and  most  convenient 
as  a  designation  for  the  House  of  Bishops.  This  and  nothing 
more. 

Mr.  Fairbanks,  of  Florida,  said  that  the  term  had  been 
chosen  by  the  House  of  Bishops  to  designate  their  own  officer 
and  they  ought  to  have  such  a  right.  The  term  Presiding 
Bishop  was  on  a  par  with  Presiding  Elder.  We  ought  grace- 
fully to  accept  the  desire  of  the  Bishops. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Parks,  of  Massachusetts,  made  a  scholarly 
speech  in  which  he  sought  to  show  that  the  name  "Primate" 
was  itself  an  innovation.  He  said  it  belongs  rightly  to  an 
Archbishop  and  when  the  provincial  system  is  established  and 
you  have  an  Archbishop  in  every  state,  "Primate"  will  be  un- 
equal to  the  dignity  of  the  head  of  the  whole  Church  and  he 
will  have  to  be  called  the  Patriarch  of  the  Church  in  America. 

Mr.  Thomas,  of  Pennsylvania,  said,  "I  appeal  to  my  brethren 
on  all  sides  to  let  "matters  stand  as  they  are.  We  may  be 
hurt  by  making  a  change.  Do  not  force  the  matter,  as  it 
appears  may  now  be  done." 

The  President  said:  The  question  is  now  on  the  motion  of 
Mr.  Thomas  to  amend  Section  3  by  striking  out  the  word 
"Primate"  and  inserting  "Presiding  Bishop."  The  vote  was 
"Aye"   152,  "No"   162. 

Messages  were  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops  announc- 
ing their  concurrence  in  the  erection  of  new  Dioceses  in  Mary- 
land,  California  and   Keiituck)'. 


CHAPTER    XIII. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

october  qth. 

Morning  Prayer  was  read  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ohl,  of  Colo- 
'*-^*-    rado.     The  benediction  was  pronounced  by  Bishop  Potter, 

of   New  York. 

Rev.  Dr.  Richards,  of  Rhode  Island,  from  the  Committee 
on  New  Dioceses,  submitted  a  report  accompanied  by  the  follow- 
ing resolution,  which  was  agreed  to: 

The  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  the  General  Convention 
give  its  consent  to  the  erection  of  the  Diocese  of  Northern 
Michigan,  with  boundaries  co-terminus  with  those  of  the 
previous  Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  Northern   Michigan. 

He  also  submitted  a  report  on  the  memorial  asking  for  a 
division  of  the  Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  Tokio  and  asked 
that  the  Committee  on  New  Dioceses  be  discharged  from  further 
consideration  of  the  subject. 

Dr.  Huntington  reported  in  favor  of  adding  to  Article  i  in 
the  Constitution  these  words:  "That  either  House  may  make 
necessary  and  reasonable  rules  for  the  prevention  of  any  abuse 
of  this  privilege,"  namely,  limitation  of  debate. 

Rev.  Dr.  Duncan  submitted  the  following  report:  "That 
the  resolution  of  Mr.  Sowdon  asking  for  an  office  for  Indepen- 
dence Day  be  sent  to  the  House  of  Bishops  with  the  endorse- 
ment of  the  Committee  on  the  State  of  the  Church." 

Rev.  Dr.  Perkins,  of  Kentuck)-,  reported  on  behalf  of  the 
Committee  on  Prayer  Book  in  favor  of  changing  the  table  of 
the  Golden  Number.  Resolution  adopted.  The  same  com- 
mittee reported    against    the^  resolution    of    Dr.    Carey    on    the 


HISTOKV  OF  GEXERAL  CONVEXTIOX.  135 

diversity  of  usage  in  saying  the  Gloria  Patri  and  also  in  some 
parts  of  the  Litany. 

The  Rev.  G.  M.  Williams,  of  Northern  Michigan,  submitted 
the  following:  "The  Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  Northern  Mich- 
igan having  a  memorial  pending  before  this  Convention  for 
admission  into  union  with  it,  and  having  elected  delegates  to 
this  body,  it  is  resolved  that  upon  their  presenting  proper  cer- 
tificates, the  delegates  be  admitted  to  seats  upon  the  floor  of 
this   House,    pending    action    by    the    House    of  Bishops." 

On  motion  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bennett  the  report  of  the  Commit- 
tee on  Canons  made  to  the  Convention  in  1889,  on  functions  of 
Rectors,  Wardens  and  Vestrymen,  was  referred  to  the  Committee 
on  Canons.       Mr.   ^Morgan,  of  New  York,  proposed: 

Whereas,  b}'  Article  9  of  the  Constitution,  it  is  enacted  that 
the  same  shall  be  unalterable,  unless  approved  in  General  Con- 
vention by  majority  of  Dioceses  that  shall  have  adopted  the 
same,  it  is. 

Resolved,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  House  to  obtain  the 
approval  of  any  Diocese  it  is  essential  that  the  vote  of  both 
clerical  and  lay  Deputies  should  be  concurrent,  in  approval  of 
any  proposed  change. 

JNIr.  Stephen  P.  Nash,  of  New  York,  presented  the  triennial 
report  of  the  Trustees  of  the  Fund  for  the  Relief  of  the  W'idows 
and  Orphans  of  Deceased  Clergymen  and  of  Aged,  Infirm  and 
Disabled  Clergymen.  He  proposed  that  Sec.  i.  Subdivision  i 
of  Canon  8,  Title  3  of  the  Digest,  be  amended  by  the  substitu- 
tion of  the  word  "7"  in  the  place  of  "15,"  and  that  Subdivision 
2  of  the  same  section  be  stricken  out.  Rev.  Dr.  Nelson,  of 
Western  New  York,  proposed  the  following:  "That  the  trustees 
be  instructed  to  secure  a  change  in  the  charter  of  the  society 
so  as  to  secure  the  enlargement  of  the  number  of  trustees,  as 
indicated  in  the  action  of  the  Convention  of  1882." 

Mr.  Stetson,  of  New  York,  proposed  a  special  rule  of  order 
for  the  House  in  its  consideration  of  messages  from  the  House 
of  l^ishops,  communicating  the  action  of  that  House  in  the  ado[)- 
tion  of  amendments  to  the  Constitution  and  Canons.     Adopted. 

The  next  business  awakened  very  general  interest,  and  was 
full  of  brightness  and  good  nature.  The  report  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Location  of  the  next  General  Convention  was  in  favor 
of  the  city  of  Boston,  Mass.,  whereupon  Mr.  Robinson,  of 
Kentuck)',  very  good  humoredly  moved  to  amend  by  inserting 


136  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

the  word  "Louisville,  Kentucky,"  in  the  place  of  "Boston;" 
whereupon  the  Rev.  John  Percival,  D.  D.,  of  Louisiana,  moved 
as  an  amendment  to  the  amendment  that  "New  Orleans"  be 
inserted  in  the  report  and  "Louisville"  struck  out.  This  was 
quickly  rejected,  whereupon  the  Rev.  A.  W.  Knight,  of  Georgia, 
with  great  calmness  and  self  possession,  but  with  all  the  air  of 
a  man  in  grim  earnest  and  yet  in  good  humor,  moved  to  amend 
the  amendment  by  putting  in  the  words  "Atlanta,  Georgia," 
and  the  resolution  thus  amended  was  agreed  to.  This  was 
regarded  as  a  bit  of  the  cleverest  strategetic  work  yet  done  in 
the  Convention,  and  made  Mr.  Knight  the  observed  of  all  ob- 
servers. 

Message  No.  13  from  the  House  of  Bishops  was  then  given 
to  the   House  by  the   President. 

The  following  changes  in  the  Constitution  proposed  in  the 
last  General  Convention  be  made  known  to  the  several  Diocesan 
Conventions  and  be  finally  agreed  to  and  ratified,  in  accordance 
with  Article  9,  of  the  Constitution,  to-wit:  strike  out  the  words 
"Assistant  Bishop"  wherever  they  occur  and  insert  in  their 
place  the  words  "Bishop  Coadjutor."  The  House  agreed  by 
the  following  vote:  11  Dioceses  said  "No,"  6  Dioceses  said 
"We  are  divided,"  and  36  said  "Yes,"  by  their  clerical  Deputies. 
By  their  lay  Deputies  3  Dioceses  were  divided,  19  said  "Nay" 
and  29  said  "Yes."  So  "Coadjutor"  is  the  word  that  describes 
the  second  Bishop  in  a  Diocese  where  there  are  two. 

Message  No.  14  was  read.  The  House  concurred  with  the 
Bishops  in  appointing  a  joint  committee  to  take  action  with 
reference  to  the  ordinations  and  depositions  prepared  by  Arch- 
deacon Duncan. 

Message  17.  The  House  of  Deputies  concurring,  that  a  joint 
commission  be  appointed  of  5  Bishops  and  5  Presbyters  to 
consider  a  report  to  the  next  triennial  session  of  the  General 
Convention  of  what,  if  any,  marginal  reading  of  the  English  ver- 
sion of  the  Old  and  New  Testament  the  General  Convention  may 
authorize  for  the  instruction  of  our  people.  To  this  the  House 
agreed.  It  is  noticeable  that  whenever  any  question  which  has 
to  do  with  accurate  scholarship  and  the  general  diffusion  of 
sound  knowledge  amongst  the  people  comes  up,  prompt  action 
is  taken.  The  House  always  favors  the  general  spread  of 
knowledge. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 37 

The  President  brought  before  the  House  the  iSth  Message, 
It  was  agreed  to  consider  this  later,  and  now  came  up  in  Mes- 
sage ig  the  question  of  the  Provincial  System.  This,  too,  was 
ordered  considered  later. 

Now  was  taken  up  Message  No.  9,  Sec.  3.  A  senior  Bishop 
of  this  Church,  in  order  of  consecration,  having  jurisdiction 
within  the  United  States,  shall  be  presiding  officer  of  the  House 
of  Bishops,  and  shall  be  called  Primate.  He  shall  discharge 
such  duties  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  Constitution  and  Can- 
ons of  the  General  Synod  for  its  own  needs  by  the  House  of 
Bishops.  The  Primate  shall  hold  office  for  life  unless  he  resign 
or  be  removed  for  disabi-lity  or  canonical  cause.  INIr.  Parker, 
of  Colorado,  moved  a  resolution  that  the  House  of  Bishops 
elect  a  Primate  in  case  the  Primate  resign.  Dr.  Huntington 
moved  to  amend  by  inserting  the  words,  "The  next  in  order 
of  seniority  shall  succeed  to  the  office  of  Primate."  The  Rev. 
Mr.  Weller,  of  P'ond  du  Lac,  moved  that  Section  3  be  stricken 
out  and  that  the  word  "Primate"  shall  take  the  place  of  the 
word  "Primus,"  and  the  word  "Convention"  of  the  word  "Synod." 
He  objected  to  appointing  a  man  to  such  an  office  simply 
because  he  was  old  and  had  been  a  long  time  Bishop.  Dr. 
Huntington,  of  New  York,  did  not  want  a  Primate  who  would 
be  too  active.  He  wanted  a  man  of  age  and  experience,  a  man 
who  had  all  that  knowledge  could  confer.  He  thought  the 
Church  could  be  governed  too  much.  In  the  question  of  Pri- 
macy the  elective  system  is  a  dangerous  one,  and  the  principle 
of  seniority  a  wise  and  safe  one.  Rev.  Dr.  Parks,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, thought  they  needed  many  other  things  besides  activity, 
and  the  proposition  of  the  honorable  deputy  from  Fond  du  Lac 
was  not  desirable.  The  Rev.  J.  J.  Faude,  of  Minnesota,  said  it 
was  evident  that  the  House  of  Bishops  had  considered  and 
rejected  the  proposition  to  make  the  office  of  Presiding  Bishop 
elective.  If  the  rule  of  seniority  is  wise  in  their  eyes,  why 
should  it  not  be  satisfactory  to  the  House  r  The  Rev.  Cameron 
Mann,  I).  D.,  said  the  House  was  perfectly  within  its  rights  in 
saying  which  way  the  Presiding  Bishop  should  come  into  his 
office.  He  was  the  presiding  officer  not  alone  of  the  House  of 
Bishoi)s  but  of  the  whole  Church.  Rev.  Dr.  Morrison,  of 
Albany,  put  his  finger  upon  one  of  the  strongest  points  that 
can  be  urged    in    favor    of    the    elective    system.       He    said  the 


138  niSTORY  or  GENERAL  CO.WEXTION. 

seniority  rule  ma\',  and  some  time  will,  give  us  a  Presiding 
Bishop  who  lives  in  some  very  remote  part  of  the  Republic. 
There  are  times  when  it  is  needful  for  a  man  to  be  in  the 
center  of  activity,  to  speak  the  strongest  words  that  can  be 
spoken  for  the  Church,  and  speak  it  in  the  strongest  way.  The 
leader  of  the  Mouse  of  Bishops  should  be  such  a  man.  Me 
should  voice  the  dignity,  power  and  convictions  of  this  Church. 
The  speech  made  a  great  impression  upon  very  many  who 
heard  it. 

Mr.  Robert  Treat  Paine  moved  that  the  Secretary  of  this 
House  be  instructed  to  cause  to  be  printed,  for  the  information 
of  its  members,  all  messages  from  the  Mouse  of  Bishops  re- 
lating to  Canons  and  Constitution.  That  the  Secretary  of  this 
House  be  instructed  to  cause  to  be  printed,  for  the  information 
of  members,  all  action  taken  by  this  House  upon  the  Consti- 
stution  and  Canons. 

In  the  afternoon  session  a  long  discussion  took  place  on  the 
old  question  of  the  Primacy,  in  which  the  manner  of  his  suc- 
ceeding to  that  office  was  discussed.  Mr.  Parker,  of  Colorado, 
Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  Rev.  Mr.  VVeller,  Rev.  Dr.  Spalding,  of 
Alabama,  Rev.  Mr.  Jewell,  of  Milwaukee,  Rev.  Mr.  E^dmunds,  of 
Albany,  Rev.  Mr.  Ely,  of  Southern  Ohio,  Rev.  Mr.  Robert,  of 
Missouri,  Rev.  Dr.  Nevin,  of  Rome,  Italy,  who  represented  the 
Churches  in  Europe,  Mr.  Biddle,  of  Pennsylvania,  Rev.  Mr. 
Fitts,  of  Alabama,  Mr.  Shipworth  VVilmar,  of  Maryland,  took 
part.  Dr.  Nevin  said  the  great  thing  was  not  to  get  the  oldest 
or  necessarily  the  ablest  man  for  Primate  ;  what  we  want  is  the 
wisest  man  for  Presiding  Bishop,  and  that  is  a  thing  we  can 
hardly  hope  to  reach  under  the  present  rule,  and  certainly  we 
cannot  always  reach  it.  He  said:  "I  hope  that  the  present  rule 
will  be  rooted  out  and  put  into  the  lumber  room  of  the  19th 
century."  Mr.  Wilmar  desired  that  the  Church  should  be  left 
as  our  fathers  left  it,  and  that  we  should  go  on  in  the  good 
old  ways.  The  question  was  now  on  Mr.  Weller's  proposed 
substitute,  and  it  was  lost.  When  the  amendments  and  substi- 
tutes were  all  through,  the  Presiding  Bishop  was  left  to  come 
into  his  office  as  the  present  Presiding  Bisho[)  did,  namely,  by 
seniority. 

Rev.  Dr.  Rhodes,  of  Southern  Ohio,  moved  a  resolution 
which  would  give  power  of  removal  for  disability  to  the  Mouse 


HISTORY  OI^    GENERAL  CONVESTIOX.  I  39 

of  Bishops  by  a  majority  vote.  This  was  agreed  to.  Mr. 
Skinner,  of  Missouri,  moved  that  no  Bishop  shall  become  or 
remain  Primate  after  the  age  of  70  years.  This  was  rejected. 
Dr.  Huntington,  by  permission,  at  this  time  presented  the 
following  report  from  the  Committee  on  Constitutional  Amend- 
ments, to  whom  was  referred  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Morgan,  of 
New  York: 

Resolved,  That  the  proper  manner  of  voting  and  of  deter- 
mining the  question  upon  alterations  of  the  Constitution  is 
that  presented  in  the  Second  Article  for  a  vote  by  orders; 
but  the  vote  for  the  af^rmative  must  be  in  each  order  a  majority 
of  the  number  of  Dioceses  which  have  accepted  the  Constitution, 
and  the  concurrence  of  both  orders  in  each  Diocese  cannot  be 
required.  Your  committee  considers  it  is  inexpedient  to  go 
behind  this  decision.  It  therefore  asks  to  be  discharged.  So 
ordered. 

Message  No.  21  announced  that  Idaho  and  Wyoming  had 
been  constituted  separate  missionary  jurisdictions  under  the 
Episcopal  jurisdiction  of  Bishop  Talbot.  Message  No.  22,  that 
the  jurisdiction  of  Western  Colorado  had  been  placed  under 
the  care  of  the  Missionary  Bishop  of  Nevada  and  Utah,  whose 
title  is  now  Missionary  Bishop  of  Nevada,  Utah  and  Western 
Colorado.     The  President  said  these  messages  required  no  action. 

In  the  afternoon  revision  of  the  Constitution  and  Canons 
was  again  taken  up,  and  the  same  ground  gone  o\-cr  with  little 
if  any  progress  made. 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

OCTOBER    lOTH. 

'TpHE    House   met   for   business   at    lO   a.    m.      Dr.    Carey,    of 
*       Albany,  presented  a  memorial  from  workers  among  colored 
people  who  had  recently  held  a  meeting  in  Washington,  D.  C. 
It  ran  as  follows: 

"Baltimore,  Md.,  Oct.  7,   1895. 
Reverend  and  Honored  Sir: 

At  the  Eleventh  Annual  Conference  of  Church  Workers 
among  Colored  People,  held  in  the  city  of  Washington,  Sep- 
tember 24-27,  it  was  resolved  that  a  memorial,  setting  forth 
certain  needs  of  the  work,  be  sent  to  the  General  Convention 
to  be  held  in  Minneapolis.  We  beg  leave  to  call  attention  to 
the  following: 

1.  Wc  ask,  should  a  commission  for  work  among  colored 
people  be  appointed,  that  in  its  composition  the  colored  clergy 
and  laity  be  fairly  represented. 

2.  We  would  ask  the  employment  of  two  well-qualified 
colored  priests,  to  labor  under  the  direction  of  the  Church 
Commission  or  Board  of  Managers.  These  could  engage  in 
evangelical  work,  and,  coming  into  the  closest  contact  with  the 
people  in  one-half  of  the  year,  would  know  their  requirements, 
and  in  the  other  half  of  the  year  could  be  engaged  in  letting 
the  work  be  known  in  the  North.  We  believe  such  a  practice 
would  be  most  beneficial  to  the  work.  It  has  been  tried  in 
other  denominations,  and  found  most  helpful. 

3.  Wc  recommend  the  founding  of  a  college,  well  cquii)ped 
in  every  way,  where  the  youth  of  our  race  might  not  only  ha\c 
Church  training,  l)ut  the  benefits  arising  from  a  college  edu- 
cation." 

The  memorial  was  referred  to  the  committee  on  colored 
work  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Missions. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  I4I 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Arthur  Lawrence,  of  Massachusetts,  moved 
that  a  joint  committee  of  two  Bishops  and  two  clergymen,  with 
two  laymen,  be  appointed  to  nominate  fifteen  persons  as  Trustees 
for  Prayer  Book  distribution.  Mr.  Schenck,  of  Long  Island, 
asked  that  the  Committee  on  Canons  be  directed  to  propose 
an  amendment  necessary  for  the  placing  of  the  words  "  Bishop 
Coadjutor"  where  the  words  "Assistant  Bishop"  now  are  in 
the  Constitution.  Mr.  Forsyth,  of  Louisiana,  asked  that  the 
Committee  on  Canons  be  requested  to  draw  a  Canon  defining 
clearly  the  status  of  clergymen  called  by  vestries  to  the  position 
of  Rector,  and  also  to  define  the  relations  of  an  Assistant 
Rector.  Dr.  Richards  asked  that  the  Secretaries  of  both  Houses 
be  instructed  to  have  prepared  by  an  expert  a  subject  index 
to  the  journal  of  the  proceedings  of  this  Convention  and  a 
digest  of  the  Canons. 

Dean  Hoffman  now  called  for  the  order  of  the  day,  and  Mr. 
Stephen  P.  Nash,  of  New  York,  moved  that  the  whole  subject 
of  revision  be  referred  to  a  new  commission,  who  should  report 
article  by  article  such  changes  as  they  might  jud-ge  desirable. 
Mr.  Stockton,  of  Western  New  York,  asked  whether  such  a 
resolution  were  in  order.  Dr.  Dix,  with  the  utmost  possible 
suavity,  said,  with  very  great  deference  to  the  mover  of  this 
resolution,  and  submitting  to  the  judgment  of  this  House,  the 
chair  would  express  the  opinion  that  the  resolution  is  not  in 
order.  The  commission  having  only  made  a  partial  report, 
and  still  being  in  existence,  and  having  with  the  consent  of 
the  House  withheld  part  of  its  primary  report,  a  vote  for  a  new 
commission  is  out  of  order.  Whereupon  Mr.  Nash  moved  to 
strike  out  Section  3  entirely.  He  said  "The  presiding  Bishop 
has  been  simply  presiding  officer  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  but 
we  are  legislating  into  existence  an  officer  with  rights  and 
powers  to  preside  over  the  whole  Church."  A  vote  being  taken, 
the  House  went  "Nay"  120  and  "Yea"  178.  Section  4  proposed 
to  reduce  both  lay  and  clerical  delegations  to  the  General 
Convention  to  three  of  each  order  (heretofore  it  has  been 
four),  the  purpose  of  this  proposed  change  being  to  make  the 
General  Convention  less  cumbersome.  This  at  once  called  up 
Mr.  Fairbanks,  of  Florida,  who  moved  that  the  present  number 
be  retained.  He  said  that  the  older  men  of  the  Diocese  are 
the  ones  from  whom  the  Deputies  are  selected,  and  hence  they 


142  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

are  liable  to  be  awa)'.  If  three  are  appointed  it  is  probable 
that  two  will  be  present.  Judge  Prince  opposed  the  reduction 
on  the  ground  that  numbers  add  to  enthusiasm  and  enthusiasm 
to  public  influence.  "There  is  nothing,"  said  the  Judge,  "to 
prevent  any  Diocese  from  sending  three  or  one  of  each  order 
now  if  it  so  desire;  four  is  the  largest  number  it  can  send. 
But  whether  it  sends  four  or  one,  when  the  vote  is  taken  by 
Dioceses  it  has  just  the  same  power.  In  regard  to  the  Con- 
vention being  a  burden  it  is  evidently  not  so  regarded  when 
four  great  cities  earnestly  contended  yesterday  for  the  Conven- 
tion to  meet  with  them  three  }'ears  hence."  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop 
and  Mr.  Biddle  now  spoke  on  the  same  side.  Rev.  Dr.  Richards, 
of  Rhode  Island,  thought  that  the  larger  the  body  the  more 
liable  it  is  to  be  influenced  by  powerful  eloquence,  and  thus 
sometimes  moved  to  do  things  for  which  it  repents  too  late. 
Judge  Atwater,  of  Minnesota,  was  in  fa\'or  of  reduction.  Mr. 
Triplett,  of  Missouri,  would  have  the  Deputies  canonically 
resident  in  the  Dioceses  they  represent.  Rev.  Dr.  Fulton 
pointed  out  that  that  might  prevent  able  men  who  are  engaged 
in  educational  work  from  becoming  deputies.  Rew  Dr.  McVicar 
trusted  that  the  amendment  proposed  would  not  be  carried. 
"Why  should  we  pretend  to  say  to  a  Diocese  whom  they  shall 
choose  to  represent  them?  We  know  from  experience  how 
important  it  is  that  certain  gentlemen,  who  have  long  had  seats 
in  this  House,  should  continue  to  have.  The}'  might  move 
from  where  they  now  live  and  there  would  be  the  very  best 
reasons  why  the  Dioceses  which  the}'  haxe  represented  so  nobly 
should  desire  still  to  retain  their  service.  We  have  in  the 
revision  of  the  Prayer  Book  an  instance  in  which  a  representative 
moved  from  one  Diocese  to  another  was  returned  to  the  Con- 
vention, and  I  for  one  would  not  limit  the  power  of  Dioceses." 
Mr.  Triplett's  amendment,  which  would  have  the  Deputies 
actually  resident  in  a  Diocese,  was  lost.  Re\'.  Dr.  Richards' 
amendment  was  also  lost.  It  was  evidently  not  the  intention 
of  the  Deputies  to  lessen  the  number  four  as  the  limit  of  rep- 
resentation of  each  order.  Nothing  more  was  done.  The  House 
of  Bishops  sent  Message  No.  23. 

Resolved,  The  House  of  Deputies  concurring,  that  the  fol- 
lowing amendment  be  made  to  the  Constitution,  and  that  it  be 
made  known  to  the  se\'eral  Dioceses,  so  that  it  mav  be  agreed 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 43 

to  and  ratified  at  the  next  General  Convention,  in  accordance 
with  Article  No.  9  of  the  Constitution.  Amend  the  constitu- 
tion by  inserting  the  following:  VI.  Sec.  i.  In  every  Diocese 
there  shall  be  a  standing  committee  which  shall  be  appointed 
by  the  Convention  of  the  Diocese  whose  duties,  except  so  far 
as  provided  for  in  the  Canons  of  the  General  Synod,  may  be 
prescribed  by  the  Canons  of  the  respective  Dioceses.  Sec.  2. 
When  there  is  a  Bishop  in  charge  of  the  Diocese  the  said 
Committee  shall  be  his  counsel  of  advice,  but  when  there  is  no 
such  Bishop  it  shall  be  the  ecclesiastical  authority  of  the 
Diocese. 

This  went  to  the  House  for  consideration  in  regular  order. 
Message  24  of  the  House  of  Bishops  gave  consent  to  the  or- 
ganization of  the  new  Diocese  of  Northern  Michigan  and  its 
union  into  the  General  Convention.  Message  No.  26  of  the 
House  of  Bishops  expressed  sympathy  with  the  Armenian 
Christians  in  their  suffering  and  advised  help  for  them  in  their 
necessities.  It  also  desired  that  the  House  join  in  asking  the 
Church  of  England  to  commend  the  Armenian  Christians  to 
the  whole  English  speaking  world.  The  first  resolution  was 
unanimously  concurred  in.  The  second  resolution,  asking  the 
English  Church  to  help  in  this  work  was  now  presented,  when 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington  moved  that  the  House  does  not  concur. 
His  ground  for  doing  so  was  that  it  was  not  the  business  of 
the  General  Convention  to  suggest  duties  to  the  Church  of 
England.  Rev.  Dr.  Nevin  sprang  a  surprise  upon  many  of  the 
Deputies  by  saying  that  the  Archbishop  of  York  had  presided 
at  a  great  meeting  in  London  and  had  written  a  pastoral  letter 
three  months  ago  on  this  subject.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Greer  said  the 
resolution  simply  declared  our  belief  in  the  cause  of  righteous- 
ness, and  we  simply  ask  another  great  body  of  Christians  to  help 
us  to  forward  that  cause.  146  voted  for  this  resolution  and  92 
against  it.      The  House  adjourned. 

After  lunch  ten  beautiful  interurban  cars,  specially  provided, 
free  of  charge  by  the  Street  Railway  Company  of  Minneapolis 
and  St.  Paul,  of  which  Mr.  Thomas  Lowry  is  President,  were 
in  waiting  to  take  the  Convention  to  St.  Paul.  Nothing  could 
have  exceeded  the  generous  kindness  of  the  Street  Railway 
Company  through  its  officials,  Mr.  Lowry  and  Mr.  C.  Goodrich, 
the  Vice  President,  all  through  the  Convention.  From  the 
West  Hotel,  Minneapolis,  to  the  R>an  Hotel,  St.    Paul,  it  takes 


144  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

about  50  minutes  to  make  the  run,  and  the  interurban  line  goes 
through  beautiful  scenery.  The  St.  Paul  people  well  deserved 
that  the  Convention  should  visit  their  delightful  city.  Its 
business  men,  of  every  class,  and  its  public  officials  had  joined 
with  the  Church  people  in  general  interest  and  desire  to  make 
the  Convention  a  success.  The  Deputies,  one  and  all,  spoke 
in  terms  of  high  praise  of  the  afternoon's  programme. 

Mr.  George  C.  Thomas,  of  Philadelphia,  a  man  who  has 
traveled  widely,  said  to  the  writer  of  this  History,  "With  all 
deference  to  you,  sir,  as  a  resident  of  Minneapolis,  I  must  say 
that  the  scenery  from  Summit  Ave.,  in  St.  Paul,  is  amongst  the 
most  magnificent  I  ever  saw." 

The  public  press  gave  long  accounts  of  this  delightful  after- 
noon. The  St.  Paul  Globe  and  the  Pioneer  Press  spoke  in  high 
terms  of  the  visitors,  and  the  Dispatch  used  words  of  like  import. 
In  order  to  show  future  Convention  cities  just  how  such  enter- 
tainment is  provided,  I  print  the  report  from  the  Pioneer  Press, 
which  is  substantially  like  that  in  the  Globe.  If  the  subscrip- 
tions appear  small,  it  is  only  because  small  sums  were  needed, 
and  it  appeared  better  that  it  should  be  given  in  small  sums 
than  that  one  or  two  men  should  pay  the  whole,  which  they 
would  gladly  have  done. 

In  the  afternoon  St.  Paul  contributed  to  the  entertainment 
of  the  P^piscopal  delegates  in  a  manner  that  will  long  be  re- 
membered by  all  the  visiting  clergy  and  lay  Delegates  who 
availed  themselves  of  the  invitation  tendered  by  St.  Paul  citi- 
zens to  take  a  drive  about  the  city. 

Great  preparations  had  been  made  for  the  event,  and  no  less 
than  500  persons  readily  signified  their  acceptance  of  the  invi- 
tation. A.  S.  Tallmadge  accepted  the  responsibility  of  securing 
sufficient  conveyances  in  which  to  transport  the  Ecclesiastical 
guests  to  and  from  the  various  points  of  interest  in  the  Saintly 
city,  with  the  result  that  there  occurred  one  of  the  most  bril- 
liant displays  of  equipages  ever  seen  in  the  streets  of  St.  Paul. 
One  hundred  and  nine  carriages  were  sent  and  money  subscribed 
sufficient  to  provide  thirty-seven  more.  All  were  to  congregate 
at  the  Hotel  Ryan  at  3  p.  m  ,  and  long  before  that  hour  the 
scene  in  the  vicinity  of  Sixth  and  Robert  Streets  was  one  of 
the  utmost  excitement.  Traps,  dog-carts  and  carriages  of 
nearly  every  description  filled  the  streets  in  all  directions,  and 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVEXTION.  !45 

a  few  minutes  past  3  the  first  car  arrived  bearint^  the  Delegates. 

Early  in  the  day  a  committee,  consisting  of  Messrs.  B.  F. 
Beardsley,  S.  M.  Hayes,  F.  B.  Millard,  M.  H.  Albin,  E.  B. 
Graves,  C.  F.  Fauntlero)',  T.  Gaskcll,  W.  S.  Gilliam,  C.  J. 
Ingles,  C.  A.  Dibble,  F.  O.  Osborne  and  W.  H.  Lightner  had 
repaired  to  Minneapolis  for  the  purpose  of  escorting  the  visitors 
to  St.  Paul,  while  the  Recejition  Committee  at  the  Ryan  in- 
cluded Messrs.  A.  S.  Tallmadge,  J{.  VV.  Peet,  Fred  S.  Bryant, 
W.  T.  Kirkc,  B.  F.  Stanton,  M.  N.  Y.  Seymour,  E.  T.  Eawton, 
W.   H.  Merrick,  \V.  J.  Sleppy,  J.   E  Jellett  and  S.  C.  M.  Appleby. 

El  spite  of  the  vast  aggregation  of  carriages,  prancing  horses 
and  the  multitude  of  people  thronging  the  streets,  the  procession 
got  off  with  the  greatest  order  and  precision.  Not  the  slightest 
break  occurred  in  the  proceedings.  All  were  escorted  to  car- 
riages and  handed  in  with  the  greatest  dexterity.  No  one  was 
o\erIooked,  and  the  seemingly  interminable  procession,  under 
the  escort  of  a  detachment  of  mounted  police,  as  it  threaded 
its  wa}-  through  the  principal  thoroughfares  of  the  cit}^  excited 
great  admiration. 

The  march  was  up  Sixth  .Street  to  Dayton,  to  Western,  to 
Portland,  to  Kent,  to  Holh',  to  Dale,  to  Summit,  to  Victoria, 
to  Ashland,  to  Milton,  to  Summit,  to  Victoria,  to  Fairmont 
Avenue,  to  Crocus  Hill,  to  Dale  Street,  to  Summit  Avenue 
and  .Summit  Court,  to  Merriam  Hill,  to  Central  Avenue,  via 
Central  Park  Place,  to  Twelfth  Street,  West  to  Cedar,  to  Third, 
to  Wacouta,  to  .Sixth  and  thence  back  to  the  Ryan. 

The  dri\'e,  from  start  to  finish,  was  a  great  success,  admir- 
ably planned  and  executed,  and  greatly  enjoyed  by  the  many 
visitors,  who  are  convinced  that  there  is  no  place  like  the  West 
for  courtesy  and  hospitality.  It  was  probably  twice  as  large 
a  driving  part}-  as  was  ever  escorted  about  St.  Paul,  there  being 
5S4  people  in  the  part}'.  Although  the  committee  in  charge 
tlid  not  know  half  an  hour  beforehand  how  many  would  come, 
it  happened,  fortunatcl)-,  that  there  were  just  enough  carriages 
to  contain  the  party,  and  one  single  trap  left  ovex.  INEany  of 
the  carriages  were  dri\'en  b\'  their  owners,  and  man}'  of  the 
\'isitors  found  themsehes  with  personal  friends.  The  streets 
oxer  which  the  party  was  dri\en  had  all  been  cleaned  and 
sprinkled  and  the  weather  was  delightful.  The  following  is  the 
complete  list  of  those  who  furnished  carriages  and  contributed 


146  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

cash,    to    whom    the    Committee    return    grateful    acknowledg- 
ments: 

Carriages.  Dr.  C.  A.  Higbee,  C.  F.  Mahler,  Dr.  C.  Schiffman, 
F.  B.  Bass,  C.  E.  Dickerman,  E.  F.  Hughson,  John  A.  Stees, 
Alex.  Ramsey,  William  B.  Dean,  Dr.  A.  E.  Senckler,  Dr.  J.  W. 
Chamberlin,  E.  W.  Peet,  George  W.  Magee,  E.  H.  Bailey,  James 
H.  Weed,  John  B.  Sanborn,  Samuel  Dearing,  Peter  Siems,  W. 
P.  Warner,  Charles  P.  Noyes,  E.  S.  Chittenden,  D.  L.  Curtice, 
Dr.  E.  C.  Abbott,  C.  B.  Olmsted,  John  M.  Egan,  F.  B.  Kellogg, 
W.  F.  Peet,  E.  W.  Shirk,  Mrs.  W.  Q.  Allen,  W.  H.  Lightner, 
Charles  Michaud,  D.  R.  Noyes,  Mrs.  J.  Q.  Adams,  Philip  Reilly, 
Mrs.  H.  E.  Averill,  Mrs.  S.  S.  Welch,  J.  A.  Humbird,  S.  S. 
Eaton,  F.  E.  Elmud,  T.  S.  Tompkins,  C.  H.  Bigelow,  Joseph 
Elsinger,  Col.  R.  F".  Hersey,  F.  S.  Bryant,  V.  M.  Watkins,  Mrs. 

A.  H.  Wilder,  C.  Q.  White,  A.  A.  White,  C.  Livingston,  Theo- 
dore Irvine,  A.  H.  Lindeke,  P.  T.  Jackson,  W.  C.  Edwards,  T 
L.  Schurmeier,  Timothy  Foley,  Mrs.  William  F.  Graves,  Dr.  J 
E.  Schadle,  H.  P.  Upham,  T.  B.  Campbell,  G.  W.  P'reeman 
Col.  A.  Scheffer,  William  Hamm,  S.  O.  Brooks,  Mrs.  J.  J 
O'Leary,  J.  C.  Richardson,  Mrs.  Henry  Hale,  R.  Gordon,  M 
Auerbach,  ¥..  V.  Warner,  J.  H.  Skinner,  F.  Weyerhauser,  O.  P 
Lanpher,  A.  Kalman,  E.  W.  Winter,  Dr.  Foster,  William  Con- 
stans,  Mrs.  A.  S.  Strong,  R.  M.  Newport,  Mrs.  F.  A.  Fogg,  W. 
D.  Cornish,  Rev.  E.  C.  Mitchell,  C.  A.  Severance,  W.  F.  Meyers, 
J.  J.  Parker,  C.  Shields,  Matt  Clark,  C.  H.  C.  Smith,  E.  J. 
Hodgman,  Dr.  Charles  Smith,  Dr.  A.  }.  Stone,  J.  W.  Bishop, 
R.  A.  Lanpher,  E.  B.  Graves,  George  Benz,  R.  P.  Lewis,  Mrs. 
H.  Bigelow,  Mrs.  Hammond,  William  Dawson,  Mrs.  Hewitt,  R. 

B.  Bement,  A.  Tighe,  F.  W.  M.  Cutcheon,  William   Hamm,  Mrs. 
J.  J.  Hill,  R.  Jefferson,  George  R.  Finch. 

Cash.     C.  E.  Flandrau,  $5;  W.  T.  Kirk,  ^2;  R.  Mannheimer, 
$2;  S.  M.    Gary,    $2;    Kenneth    Bryan,    $2;    E.    F.    Warner,   $10 
Rukard  Hurd,  $2;  Mrs.   Ansel    Oppenheim,  $2;  H.  F.  Stevens 
$2;  A.  B.   DriscoU,  $2;  A.  B.    Plough,  $2;    Greenleaf  Clark,  $2 
George  L.  Beardslee,  $2;  Alfred  Dufrene,  $2;  Judge  C.  E.  Otis 
$2;  H.  M.  Smyth,  $2;  D.  M.  Robbins,  $3;  W.  H.  Mingaye,  $2 
cash  ;^io;    H.    C.    McNair,    $2;    T.    L.    Schurmeier,  $5;  Harvey 
Officer,  $2;  C.  H.  Fauntleroy,  $1;  A.  M.  Eddy,  $2;  W.  R.  Mer- 
riam,  $4;  P.  H.  Gotzian,  $2;  W.  B.  Bend,  $2;  Mrs.  J.  L.  Merriam, 
$2;  Mrs.  A.  Greve,  ^3;  J.  W.  Lusk,  $2. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  147 

On  the  evening  of  this  day  the  Board  of  Missions  met. 
Bishop  Gilbert  moved  that  the  House  of  Bishops  be  requested 
to  elect  a  Missionary  Bishop  for  Alaska.  Bishop  Rulison,  in 
a  powerful  speech,  supported  this.  Bishop  Neel\-  followed, 
and  he  stated  that  the  English  Bishop  Bompas  alread\'  in 
Alaska  could  do  all  the  work  required  in  the  Yukon  District, 
while  the  Bishop  of  Olynipia  could  superintend  the  work  done 
at  Juneau.  He  asked  whether  it  was  wise  to  spend  the  needful 
money  for  a  Missionary  Bishop  to  Alaska  when  we  have  over 
7,000,000  negroes  in  the  South  where,  in  his  judgment,  the 
money  could  be  much  more  wisely  and  much  more  fruitfully 
spent.  This  was  the  speech  of  a  man  who  had  studied  the 
question,  and  it  deserved  the  very  careful  consideration  of  the 
Board.  Bishop  Tuttle,  Bishop  Whipple,  Bishop  Seymour,  Bishop 
Barker  and  the  Rev.  Dean  Hoffman  all  supported  sending  a 
Bishop  to  Alaska.  Bishop  Paret  paid  a  very  high  tribute  to 
Bishop  Neeh',  and  said,  "We  need  to  have  the  whole  facts 
before  us  so  as  to  act  intelligently."  Bishop  Hall,  of  Vermont, 
moved  the  adjournment  until  the  following  evening.  At  the 
Friday  evening's  meeting  Dr.  Langford  went  over  the  expendi- 
ture in  the  jurisdiction  of  Alaska,  and  he  made  an  earnest  plea 
for  mission  work  there.  Amongst  other  speakers  was  the  Bishop 
of  New  York,  who  had  ordained  the  Rev.  John  Chapman,  who 
is  at  present  at  work  in  Alaska.  He  spoke  of  him  as  a  man 
of  fine  character,  of  self-sacrificing  life,  and  of  truly  noble 
Christian  worth.  He  painted  in  glowing  colors  the  possibilities 
of  Alaska  both  from  a  commercial  and  a  religious  point  of  \-iew. 


CHAPTER    XV. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

* 

OCTOBER     11 TH. 

Tyi  O  R  N  I  N  G  Prayer  and  Litany  were  said  by  Rev.  Dr. 
■*•'*  Hodges,  of  Massachusetts;  Bishop  Niles  pronounced  the 
benediction.  At  lo  o'clock  Dr.  Dix  took  the  chair.  On  motion 
of  Rev.  Mr.  Bennitt,  of  Newark,  the  amendment  to  the  Canons 
on  marriage  and  divorce,  reported  by  the  Committee  on  Unfin- 
ished Business,  was  sent  to  the  Committee  on  Canons.  Rev. 
Dr.  Davenport,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolutions: 

Resolved,  The  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  that  Title  3, 
Canon  7,  §  i,  be  amended  by  the  addition  of  the  following  article, 
to  be  numbered  Art.  10:  Whenever  there  shall  be  a  meeting  of 
the  Board  of  Missions,  as  provided  for  in  Article  3  of  this 
Canon,  there  shall  be  a  roll  call  of  the  Bishops,  and  whole 
deputations  and  delegations,  and  of  other  members  of  the 
board,  and  on  all  votes  such  call  shall  be  made  whenever  de- 
manded b}'  the  clerical  or  lay  deputation  of  any  Diocese  or  by 
any  three  members  appointed  under  Article  4.  A  majority  of 
all  the  members  of  the  Board  shall  be  necessary  to  pass  any 
vote. 

Resolved,  That,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring.  Title  3, 
Canon  7,  be  amended  by  changing  the  numbering  of  Articles 
10  and   II. 

The  House  of  Bishops  sent  word  that  it  had  x'oted  in  favor 
of  holding  the  next  General  Convention  at  Louisville,  Ken- 
tucky, and,  desiring  a  committee  of  conference;  Dr.  Perkins, 
of  Kentucky,  Mr.  R.  Treat  Paine,  of  Massachusetts,  and  Mr. 
Miller,  of  Georgia,  were  appointed.  The  Missionary  Council  of 
the  Church  is  always  an  important  gathering,  and  its  work 
requires  to  be  prepared  with  ability  and  care.  The  President 
appointed  as  members  of  the  joint  committee,  the  Rev.  Chaun- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 49 

cey,  K.  Brewster,  Rev.  Dr.  l^attershall,  Mr.  J.  N.  Brown,  and 
Mr.  B.  Stark.  Rev.  Dr.  Lindsay,  of  Massachusetts,  presented 
a  resolution  asking  that  the  complete  report  of  the  joint  com- 
mission on  revision  of  Constitution  and  Canons  be  presented  at 
3  o'clock  this  afternoon.  Dr.  Hoffman  said  there  will  be  no 
meeting  to-morrow;  the  report  will  be  ready  for  Monday.  It 
was  ordered  presented  at  10  o'clock  on  that  day.  Dr.  Davenport, 
from  the  Committee  on  Canons,  to  whom  was  referred  Title  3, 
Canon  4,  Sec.  ii,  moved:  That  when  one  Diocese  is  about  to 
be  divided  into  two  Dioceses,  declaration  shall  be  made  which 
part  is  to  be  the  new  Diocese,  and  that  a  majority  of  organized 
parishes  and  missions  shall  have  consented  to  the  division,  and 
that  this  shall  be  certified  before  such  division  can  take  place. 
Resolution  passed. 

A  long  debate  now  took  place  on  Sec.  4  of  Message  No.  g 
from  the  House  of  Bishops,  when  the  ground  of  residence, 
"having  domicile"  in  connection  with  the  Diocese,  etc.,  were 
all  gone  over.  In  all  these  discussions  the  manly  frankness  and 
fairness,  the  consideration  shown  and  the  ability  displayed  by 
Dr.  Hoffman,  had  won  the  hearts  of  every  member  of  the  Con- 
vention, and  many  men  in  it  felt  sorry  that  it  had  become 
evident  the  work  of  revision  could  not  be  finished  this  year. 
The  Rev.  Dr.  Egar  voiced  the  feeling  of  ever\-  deputy,  probably, 
when  he  said  :  "If  the  chairman  does  not  expect  to  see  the 
work  ended  at  this  Convention,  and  no  one  expects  a  final  vote 
to  be  taken,  the  rest  of  our  time  had  better  be  spent  in  dis- 
cussing the  general  principles  of  the  various  Articles."  E\-ery 
one  saw  the  wisdom  of  this.  From  this  time  on  it  was  evident 
that  a  new  commission  would  have  to  take  revision  in  hand,  or 
the  old  commission  continue  its  work. 

A  long  discussion  on  the  position  of  delegates  from  the 
Missionarx'  jurisdictions  of  the  Church  in  the  United  States,  in 
foreign  lands,  and  on  the  continent  of  Europe,  took  place.  It 
was  evident  that  some  members  would  like  to  see  them  on 
perfect  equality  in  all  rcsjjects.  Some  would  like  to  see  the  rej)- 
resentatives  of  foreign  Churches,  espcciall}'  the  Church  in  Japan, 
with  a  seat  by  courtesy,  onl\',  and  some  would  like  to  ha\c  no 
delegation  from  .American  Churches  on  the  continent  of  Europe, 
and  others  thought  that  the  Continental  Churches  should  be 
drawn   even    more    closely  to    the    Church  in  the  United  States 


150  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

than  heretofore.  Dr.  Nevin  made  a  telling  speech.  He  said 
we  did  not  want  the  clert^y  of  the  American  Churches  to  be- 
come Antrlicanized,  much  less  Germanized,  or  to  stay  away 
from  the  land  of  their  birth  for  twenty  years  without  ever  vis- 
itint:^  it.  It  was  stated  that  there  are  20,000  Americans  perma- 
nentl}^  resident  in  places  where  this  Church  has  services,  and 
that  100,000  persons  visit  American  Churches  on  the  continent 
of  Europe  every  year.  Dr.  Parks  bore  testimony  to  the  great 
good  which  is  done  by  the  clergy  of  American  Churches  in 
European  cities.  At  the  close  of  the  discussion  the  whole 
position  was  left  as  it  had  been  in  the  past. 

The  writer  has  no  hesitation  in  saying  that  it  will  be  an  evil 
day  for  the  American  Church  if  any  of  the  privileges  of  Amer- 
ican congregations  in  Europe  are  curtailed,  and  one  of  those 
privileges  is  that  of  sending  wise  men  to  the  General  Conven- 
tion of  the  Church.  I  know  the  interest  of  American  Churchmen 
abroad  in  our  ecclesiastical  affairs.  I  have  heard  it  in  Paris, 
in  Florence,  and  in  the  city  of  Rome  itself. 

In  the  afternoon  the  revision  of  the  Constitution  came  up. 
Mr.  Stephen  P.  Nash  moved  as  an  amendment  to  Article  2,  by 
which  the  Convention  meets  once  in  three  years,  to  insert  the 
word  "five."  Thus  the  Convention  would  have  met  every  fifth 
year.     Rejected. 

Mr.  J.  Vaughn  Merrick,  of  Pennsylvania,  moved  that  the 
question  be  taken  by  Diocesan  orders  after  concurrence  with 
the  Bishops  on  Articles  i  and  2.  The  House  of  Bishops  sent 
in  Message  No.  31.  Strike  out  Articles  No.  4  and  No.  9  of 
the  Constitution,  and  insert: 

ARTICLE    V. 

Section  i.  In  every  Diocese  the  Bishop,  or  Bishop  Coad- 
jutor, shall  be  chosen  agreeably  to  such  rules  as  shall  be 
prescribed  by  the  Convention  of  that  Diocese.  Missionary 
Bishops  shall  be  chosen  by  the  House  of  Bishops  in  accordance 
with  canonical  provisions  of  the  General   Synod. 

Sec.  2.  A  Bishop  shall  confine  the  exercise  of  his  ofifice  to 
his  own  Diocese  or  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  unless  requested  to 
jierform  some  P^piscopal  act  in  another  Diocese  or  in  a  Mis- 
sionary' Jurisdiction  by  the  ecclesiastical  authority  thereof,  or 
unless  authorized  and  appointed  by  the  House  of  Bishops  to  act 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  151 

temporarily,  in  case  of  need,  beyond  the  territorial  limits  of  the 
United  States. 

Sec.  3.  No  one  shall  be  ordained  and  consecrated  Bishop 
until  he  shall  be  thirty  years  of  age  ;  nor  without  the  consent 
of  a  majority  of  the  Bishops  of  this  Church,  exercising  juris- 
diction in  the  United  States,  and  the  consent  of  a  majority  of 
the  Standing  Committees  of  all  the  Dioceses.  No  one  shall  be 
consecrated   Bishop  by  less  than  three   Bishops. 

Sec.  4.  A  Bishop  may  not  resign  his  jurisdiction  without 
the  consent  of  the   House  of  Bishops. 

Sec.  5.  Bishops  may  be  consecrated  for  foreign  lands  upon 
due  application  therefrom,  with  the  approbation  of  a  majority 
of  the  Bishops  of  this  Church  entitled  to  vote  in  the  House  of 
Bishops,  certified  to  the  Primate  under  such  conditions  as  may 
be  prescribed  by  Canons  of  the  General  Synod.  Such  Bishops 
shall  not  be  entitled  to  vote  in  the  House  of  Bishops,  nor  shall 
they  perform  any  act  of  the  Episcopal  office  in  any  Diocese  or 
Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  this  Church,  unless  requested  to  do 
so  by  the  ecclesiastical  authority  thereof. 

The  President.  This  message  (No.  31)  will  go  to  the  House 
for  its  consideration  in  the  proper  order,  when  reached. 

A  message  (No.  32)  was  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
announcing  that  that  House  had  passed  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved:  That  this  House  non-concurs  in  resolution  con- 
tained in  message  No.  20  from  the  House  of  Deputies,  and 
asks  for  a  Committee  of  Conference,  with  a  view  to  the  prep- 
aration of  a  proper  index  to  the  Digest  and  all  journals  of  the 
General  Convention,  and  has  appointed  as  members,  on  its  part 
of  said  committee,  the  Bishop  (!^oadjutor  of  Minnesc^^a  and  the 
Bishop  of  Delaware. 

The  President.  Is  it  the  pleasure  of  the  House  to  authorize 
such  a  committee  on  the  part  of  this  House?  The  Chair  hears 
no  objection,  and  the  committee  will  be  hereafter  appointed. 

Dr.  Perkins,  of  Kentucky,  from  the  committee  of  conference 
on  selection  of  place  of  meeting  of  next  General  Convention, 
reported  in  fa\'or  of  Washington,  D.  C.  The  report  was  accepted 
and  Washington  adopted  as  the  place  where  the  next  General 
Convention  will  hold  its  session. 

Messages  35  and  36  were  received  from  the  House  of 
Bisops,  and  the  House  adjourned. 


cil\pti:r  x\'i. 

OCTOIJKK     I3TH. 

^UNDA\',  October  13,  was  a  day  never  to  be  forgotten  by 
^^  Churchmen  of  Minneapolis  and  St.  Paul.  The  fame  of  the 
services  held  on  the  preceding  Sunday  had  spread  far  and  wide. 
There  was  not  a  newspaper  reader  in  the  Northwest  who  had 
not  been  informed  of  their  glory  and  greatness.  The  preachers 
for  the  day  had  been  announced  in  all  Saturday's  newspapers. 
The  musical  part  of  the  service  had  been  very  carefully  pre- 
pared, and  every  one  interested  in  Church  matters,  who  could 
possibly  attend  service,  did  so.  In  many  of  the  churches  five 
services  were  held.  Celebration  of  the  Holy  Communion  was 
held  in  many  of  the  churches  at  an  early  hour,  and  to-day,  like 
the  preceding  Sunday,  the  sermons  were  of  a  high  spiritual 
tone.  Bishop  Perry  preached  at  St.  Paul's  in  the  morning  to 
one  of  the  largest  congregations  ever  seen  in  that  church.  The 
text  was:  "Now,  when  the  centurion  and  they  that  were  with 
him  watching  Jesus  saw  the  earthquake  and  those  things  that 
were  done,  they  feared  greatly,  saying,  Truly  this  was  the  Son 
of  God."  The  sermon  was  all  that  a  sermon  on  such  a  text 
should  be.  It  set  forth  in  fitting  words  the  perfectness  of 
Christ's  Divinity,  and  from  that  went  on  to  show  how  he  be- 
came the  Saviour  of  men  ;  how  the  majesty  of  God  shone  through 
the  manhood  of  Christ  in  all  the  complete  perfection  of  His 
character,  and  the  superhuman  wisdom  of  His  words  made  men 
who  were  not  religious  say,  "Never  man  spake  like  this  man." 
The  Prophet  of  Na/.areth  announced  Himself  as  the  Reformer 
of  His  age,  the  Teacher  of  absolute  truth,  and  the  source  of 
Divine  wisdom.  He  reached  the  very  source  of  sin,  and  dealt 
with  it  as  no  worldly  sage  or  seer  had  ever  done.  Christ's 
whole    mission   was  a   revelation    in    ethics,  quite    as  much   as  a 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  I  53 

i^ospcl.       It  was  a  xindication    of    law,  as    well    as  a  disi)la}-    of 
L^racc. 

BISHOP    HALL    AT    ALL    SAINTS. 

The  Bishop  of  Vermont  preached  at  Morning  Prayer  in  All 
Saint's  Church.  I-onsj^  before  the  hour  of  divine  service  the 
church  was  completeh'  filled,  and  hundreds  were  unable  to  ob- 
tain admission.  The  sermon  was  earnest  and  \igorous  and  clear. 
It  was  on  the  love  of  God.  The  text  was  the  law\'er's  question, 
"Which  is  the  great  commandment  in  the  law?"  and  the  Saviour's 
reply:  "Thou  shalt  love  the  Lord  thy  God  with  all  th)'  heart, 
with  all  thy  soul,  with  all  thy  mind.  This  is  the  first  and  great 
commandment ;  and  the  second  is  like  unto  it.  Thou  shalt  love  tin- 
neighbor  as  thyself.  On  these  two  commandments  hang  all  the 
law  and  the  prophets."  The  Bishop  said:  "Many  people  appear 
to  think  that  the  Christian  religion  is  a  series  of  negations,  pro- 
hibitions ;  that  it  simply  lays  down  a  lot  of  things  men  may 
not  do.  Whoever  takes  this  view  of  the  Christian  religion  takes 
a  wrong  one.  The  religion  of  Christ  is  the  religion  of  Love. 
The  great  need  for  us  is  that  we  shall  be  resurrected  out  of  our 
old  seh'es,  our  follies  and  our  e\'il  ways.  Christ's  death  is  only 
an  exemplifier  of  the  death  we  must  all  die — the  death  of  self. 
Our  religion  depends  upon  what  our  conception  of  what  love 
is.  The  great  mass  of  men  confuse  love  with  passion.  Passion 
seeks  to  possess  ;  lo\'e,  in  its  gentleness  and  pureness,  seeks 
to  be  possessed  for  the  blessings  it  may  give.  Pure  love  rules 
out  all  self,  that  it  may  be  of  service  to  the  beloved.  A  great 
deal  of  the  so-called  lo\'e  of  God  is  sham.  Whoever  really 
loves  God  gives  himself  into  God's  care  and  keeping,  as  faith 
in  God's  wisdom  and  kindness,  and  desires  to  serve  or  be  served. 
Lo\"e  is  rational,  careful,  thoughtful,  kind,  generous,  and  is  ne\er 
blind.  Love  must  ever  be  based  on  esteem  and  reverence.  Love 
gives  all,  without  thought  of  reward,  and  love  means  sacrifice. 
It  in\olvcs  nobility  and  strength  of  character,  honor,  integrit}', 
courage,  intelligence.  If  we  thus  love  (jod  we  are  His  children, 
doing  His  work  and  sharing  His  life." 

niSHOI'    DOANL- ox    THK     I'KOCiRKSS    OF    SIX. 

St.  Mark's  Church  was  filled,  chairs  being  placed  in  every 
aisle.  The  singing  was  especially  good.  The  offering  was  given 
to  the  fund  for  the  relief  of  aged  and  infirm  clerg}'  in  Minnesota. 


15  1  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  sermon  was  preached  by  Bishop  Doane,  who  was  at  his 
\'ery  best.  The  words  of  his  text  were:  "Then  drew  near  unto 
Him  all  the  Publicans  and  sinners  for  to  hear  Him,  and  the 
Scribes  and  Pharisees  murmured,  saying.  'This  man  receiveth 
sinners  and  eateth  with  them.'  And  He  spake  this  parable  unto 
them,  saying  :  'What  man  of  you,  having  an  hundred  sheep,  if 
he  lose  one  of  them,  doth  not  leave  the  ninety  and  nine  ;  either, 
what  woman  having  ten  pieces  of  silver,'"  etc.  The  sermon  was 
a  glorious  presentation  of  a  great  Gospel  truth.  The  woman 
with  her  lost  silver,  the  man  with  his  lost  sheep,  and  the  father 
with  his  prodigal  son,  were  all  one  parable,  teaching  one  great 
truth  The  woman  sought  that  which  she  had  lost  ;  the  man 
sought  the  sheep  that  had  wandered  ;  the  prodigal  returned  to 
his  father's  home.  It  was  an  exquisitely  beautiful  thought, 
and  made  the  text  gleam  with  new  light  when  the  Bishop  said: 
"  This  woman,  sweeping  her  house  in  search  of  her  silver, 
teaches  the  Church  of  God  that  home  missions  are  not  to  be 
neglected.  You  are  to  look  after  the  people  who  are  outside 
of  religious  influence  in  this  American  Republic,  in  your  own 
homes.  F'oreign  missions  were  to  be  looked  after.  The  man 
with  his  sheep  went  out  into  the  wilderness.  In  all  this  parable 
and  in  all  this  work,  we  are  to  see  the  infinite  love  of  Jesus 
Christ.  There  is  no  place  so  far  away  but  it  is  within  the  reach 
of  His  vision,  and  no  sinful  child  of  man,  however  far  he  has 
wandered  or  fallen,  is  outside  the  reach  of  the  love  of  God. 
The  message  of  the  Gospel  is  for  all,  and  the  Tree  of  Life, 
whose  leaves  are  for  the  healing  of  the  nations,  must  be  planted 
in  far  off  lands." 

THE    CHURCH    SOCIAL    UNION. 

At  Gethsemane  Church,  in  the  afternoon,  Bishop  Hunting- 
ton, of  Central  New  York,  President  of  The  Church  Social 
Union,  spoke  on  its  objects  and  aims.  The  address  displayed 
every  one  of  Bishop  Huntington's  well  known  qualities, — breadth 
of  view,  calmness  and  fullness  of  expression,  a  mastery  of  per- 
fect l^nglish,  and  deep  sympathy  with  the  men  and  women 
upon  whom  the  burden  of  our  present  social  s\'stem  seems  to 
rest  most  heavil}'.  He  said  that  "  i)olitical  economy  is  being 
broadened  every  \-ear,  and  men  are  beginning  to  understand 
the  philosophy  of  history  as  they  have  not  understood  it  until 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  I  55 

our  own  time ;  that  every  man  who  is  strivin.f:,^  to  make  the 
world  better  is  one  of  the  rightful  helpers  in  social  and  economic 
progress  ;  but  it  is  ours  to  enthuse  into  all  methods  for  the 
uijlifting  of  mankind  the  very  spirit  which  is  at  the  base  of  the 
Gospel  of  Jesus  Christ.  The  law  of  Christ  is  applied  admirably 
in  the  pulpit  to  general  principles,  but  not  so  braveh-  when  it 
comes  to  particular  application  of  those  principles.  We  must 
remember  that  mankind  are  not  now  to  be  redeemed,  but  they 
are  to  be  taught  that  the  Redeemer  of  men's  souls  is  the  Re- 
deemer of  their  lives  from  thralldom  and  meanness  and  degrading 
conditions  ;  that  He  is  the  Redeemer  of  society,  of  the  nation 
and  of  the  state.  The  very  law  of  the  Church  which  God  has 
gi\en  us  is  the  law  which  binds  each  man  to  his  fellows,  and 
it  is  the  design  and  scope  of  its  catholic  purpose  to  reach  it, 
to  bless  it,  and  to  save  it.  It  was  the  view  of  Plato,  as  set 
forth  in  the  4th  book  of  his  Republic,  that  it  was  not  good  for 
the  nation  that  only  one  part  of  it  should  be  prosperous  and 
happy ;  and  that  is  not  the  design  of  Jesus  Christ,  who  tore 
the  bandage  from  off  man's  eyes  and  broke  down  the  barrier 
between  Jew  and  Gentile,  and  taught  that  every  wall  of  preju- 
dice built  by  pride,  or  jealousy,  or  money,  or  caste,  should  come 
down.  In  the  wide  earth  there  is  room  for  all  God's  children, 
hut  there  is  not  room  for  a  wall  between  them.  Mankind  is 
one  in  the  Son  of  Man.  The  worst  evil  of  the  poor  is  not 
their  poverty  ;  the  worst  evil  of  overworked  men  is  not  their 
work.  So  long  as  between  rich  and  poor  there  is  no  question 
but  the  question  of  'how  much  money,'  there  will  be  no  con- 
tract that  self-interest  will  not  break.  Mr.  Kidd's  expectation 
of  an  altruistic  age  coming  out  of  a  competitive  evolution  may 
have  hope  in  it,  but  we  shall  do  well  to  remember  that  in  his 
own  cit\',  the  same  year  that  he  wrote  that  theory,  in  answer 
to  one  adxertisement  for  one  clerk  at  a  modest  salary,  1,100 
persons  ai)plicd.  We  must  not  forget  that  a  woman,  for  doing 
exactly  the  same  work  that  a  man  does,  and  just  as  well  and 
([uickh',  often  is  paid  one-fourth  less  money  than  a  man  would 
receive,  and  that  when  she  is  a  widow  or  a  mother  with  a  de- 
pendent famih'.  This  Church  of  ours  has  something  else  to 
do  than  to  wait  for  the  coming  of  an  ideal  social  kingdom. 
God's  kingdom  is  to  come  to  men  who  work  while  they  wait. 
A  believ.ing,  thinking,  working,  loving,  praying  Church,  a  Church 


156  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

which  makes  itself    useful  in  the  world    here  and   now,   is  what 
we  want  and  what  the  world  sorely  needs." 

This  was  a  c^lorious  word,  spoken  by  a  progressive  and 
manly  thinker. 

BISHOP    GRAFTON  —  ON    THE    CHRISTIAN    CHURCH. 

Bishop  Grafton,  of  Fond  du  Lac,  preached  at  Holy  Trinity 
Church  in  the  morning.  Text,  Acts  ii,  42,  "They  continued 
steadfastly  in  the  Apostles'  doctrine  and  fellowship,  and  in 
breaking  of  bread  and  in  prayers." 

The  Bishop  said:  "There  is  only  one  Church,  and  like  its 
Lord  it  was  only  born  once.  It  is  the  same  Church  to-day  it 
was  in  the  first  day  of  its  existence.  The  Holy  Spirit  was 
given  to  it  on  the  day  of  Pentecost.  The  Church  keeps  the 
pure  doctrine  of  Jesus  Christ  because  the  Holy  Spirit  lives  in 
it.  We  believe  in  the  great  Catholic  creeds  of  Christendom, 
because  so  taught  by  the  .Spirit  of  the  living  God.  It  is  the 
province  of  the  Holy  Spirit  to  guide  the  Church  into  all  truth. 
The  breaking  of  bread  is  the  sacrament  of  the  altar,  the  same 
sacrament  that  Christ  instituted  in  the  upper  room.  We  often 
hear  men  say  that  an  ornate  eucharistic  service  lacks  the 
simplicity  of  Bethlehem.  They  hear  liturgical  service,  see 
many  ceremonies,  behold  the  altar  adorned  with  light  and 
flowers  and  sometimes  they  see  burned  incense.  They  tell  us 
the  New  Testament  teaches  none  of  these  things.  The  Christian 
religion  does  not  mention  the  idea  of  external  worship.  The 
worship  of  the  children  of  Israel  in  the  wilderness  was  much 
more  simple  than  their  later  worship.  God  revealed  the  glori- 
ous worship  of  the  Temple  and  He  still  reveals  His  will  to  the 
Catholic  Church.  It  is  not  wilderness  worship,  nor  the  earliest 
forms  of  worship,  which  are  the  crowning  glory  of  public  de- 
\otion;  God  has  ever  been  revealing  himself  in  higher  forms 
and  nobler  thoughts.  He  revealed  the  worship  of  heaven  to 
St.  John,  as  we  read  in  the  Revelation  that  bears  His  name, 
and  we  need  ever,  in  all  our  Churches,  to  worship  God  with  the 
true  catholic  and  beautiful  service." 

In  the  same  Church  the  Rev.  H.  L.  Duhring,  of  Philadelphia, 
a  man  who  is  well  known  all  through  the  East  as  a  Sunday 
School  worker,  spoke  to  the  chiklren  of  the  school  and  parish. 
The  subject  was  "Clear  heads  and    pure    hearts."      The  speech 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 57 

was  exceedingly  characteristic  of  the  man.  It  was  racy,  pictur- 
esque, entertaining,  educating  and  useful.  It  did  what  all  true 
school  work  should  do,  insisted  upon  educational  progress  with 
moral  brightness,  and  was  calculated  to  make  manly  Christians 
of  all  the  young  hopefuls  in  Trinit}'  parish  who  heard  it. 

In  the  same  Church,  on  the  evening  of  the  same  day,  Bishop 
Neel}^  of  Maine,  was  the  preacher.  He  had  been  Rector  of 
the  parish  for  a  short  time  after  the  war.  At  that  time  Minne- 
apolis had  hardly  begun  to  be.  When  he  arriv^ed  at  .St.  Anthony 
the  parish  had  a  little  wooden  chapel  in  which  they  worshipped, 
and  now  he  was  glad  to  find  the  beautiful  parish  Church  and 
Guild  House,  and  all  conveniences  needful  for  the  work  it  is 
called  to  do.  The  text  was:  "The  grace  of  God  that  brings 
salvation  hath  appeared  unto  all  men,"  etc.  The  Bishop  said, 
"It  is  not  the  mere  saying  of  the  Bible  that  will  save  us  but  the 
incarnation  and  atonement  of  our  Lord.  We  are  to  believe  in 
Him  in  such  a  way  that  our  every  day  life  and  every  act  in 
it  are  the  outcome  of  moral  rectitude.  If  we  believe  the  words 
of  God  we  are  to  do  the  deeds  that  he  commands  us;  as  the 
text  tells  us,  we  are  to  deny  worldly  lusts,  ungodliness,  to  live 
soberly,  righteously  and  God-like  in  this  present  evil  world.  It 
is  not  our  duty  to  require  urging  to  do  good  works.  It  is  a 
Christian's  solemn  business  to  find  out  what  good  works  he  can 
do  and  do  them  with  brightness  and  cheerfulness  and  pleasure. 
That  is  the  service  that  God  will  honor;  that  is  the  love  that 
God  expects,  and  to  such  servants  and  to  such  lives  the  'Well 
done'  of  the  Master  shall  be  spoken." 

BISHOP    SEYMOUR  —  ON    CHRIST's    HUMILIATION. 

Gethsemane  Church  was  crowded  this  evening  to  hear  a 
sermon  by  the  Bishop  of  Springfield.  The  sermon  was  on  the 
humiliation  of  Christ,  and  it  was  such  a  sermon  as  has  helped 
to  make  the  reputation  of  the  great  Bishop  what  it  is.  Nothing- 
could  have  been  clearer  than  the  dogmatic  statements  laid  down 
by  the  Bishop,  that  God  is,  and  that  He  is  the  revvarder  of 
them  that  diligently  seek  Him;  that  Jesus  Christ  is  God  and 
that  He  emptied  himself  of  the  glory  which  He  had  from  the 
beginning,  and  traveled  the  journey  of  life  from  the  birth  to 
the  grave;  that  he  left  the    company  of  angels  and  archangels, 


15^  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

and  of  the  elect  of  heaven,  that  he  might  dwell  with  the  poor 
and  lowly,  as  the  friend  of  the  toilers  on  the  sea  and  the  tillers 
of  the  land;  of  the  man  in  shop  and  mart,  and  street;  that  He 
might  know  their  trials  and  temptations,  and  difificulties,  and 
sorrows  and  sins;  that  He,  in  His  very  divine  nature,  gave  Him- 
self to  be  the  Saviour  of  all  men,  and  especially  of  those  that 
believe,  and  thus  lead  men  out  of  the  dark  valley  of  sin  into 
the  glorious  light  of  the  salvation  of  God,  are  great  truths  made 
known  in  the  Gospel.  "What  care  we,"  said  the  Bishop,  "for 
mere  form?  It  is  the  thing  represented,  that  stands  behind  all 
form,  higher  than  all  Litany,  nobler  than  all  praise.  It  is  the 
worship  of  the  Father,  in  Christ  Jesus  the  Saviour;  first,  midst, 
last  and  all  the  time.  This  it  is  that  shall  lift  man  out  of  his 
earth-born  care  into  the  divine  glory  of  the  sons  of  God." 

BISHOP    COXE  —  ON   A    REVERENT    WORSHIP. 

To-day  was  a  high  day  at  St.  Andrew's  Church.  The 
organist,  Mrs.  Arthur  Cawcut,  and  the  choir,  had  prepared  the 
music  with  great  care.  The  Rev.  Hartley  Carmichael,  D.  D., 
of  Virginia,  was  to  preach,  but  at  the  last  moment,  found  it 
impossible  because  of  throat  trouble.  Morning  Prayer,  Litan\' 
and  the  Ante  Communion  service  were  read  by  the  Rector  and 
Rev.  James  W.  Keeble,  a  clerical  Deputy  from  Arkansas.  Bishop 
Coxe  gave  a  short  address  in  which  he  said,  "I  have  come  to 
St.  Andrew's  Church  this  morning,  to  show  my  respect  for  your 
Rector,  and  for  the  work  he  has  done  in  the  Church  of  God, 
and  for  the  poor  and  needy.  May  I  speak  to  you  about  the 
need  that  exists  to-day  that  men  shall  study  reverence  in  wor- 
ship? and  I  feel  the  freer  to  do  this  because  the  worship  here 
is  so  beautiful,  orderly  and  becoming.  The  Psalmist  often  said 
"Selah"  and  often  called  men  to  pause  to  consider,  to  stop  to 
think.  We  live  in  an  age  of  anxiety  and  rush  and  worry,  and 
this  haste  often  intrudes  itself  into  the  sacred  places  of  the 
Most  High,  and  mars  the  service  which  should  otherwise  be 
calm  and  whole-souled  and  holy."  The  Bishop  recited  several 
parts  of  the  service  as  he  had  sometimes  heard  them  rendered, 
and  then  the  same  parts  as  they  ought  to  be  rendered.  The 
effect  was  remarkable  and  all  present  felt  its  force.  The  Rector, 
W.  Wilkinson,  then    gave    an    address    on    the  question,    "What 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  159 

effect  has  death  upon  character?"  He  said:  "One  of  the 
most  important  lessons  that  can  be  learned  from  the  appear- 
ances of  our  Lord,  after  his  resurrection  from  the  dead,  is  this, 
that  he  showed  exactly  the  same  elements  of  character  we  know 
he  possessed  when  he  was  Jesus  of  Nazareth,  who  lived  in 
Galilee.  Before  His  death  He  spake  to  the  woman  at  the  well, 
lost,  and  lone,  and  sinful.  To  her  He  declared  His  divinity 
and  His  mission.  He  told  the  story  of  the  prodigal  who  came 
to  his  father.  He  spake  to  the  woman  taken  in  sin.  He  fed 
the  hungry.  He  blessed  the  poor,  and  said  that  the  crowning 
glory  of  the  Gospel  is  that  it  is  preached  to  the  poor.  He 
was  the  friend  of  the  wanderer,  of  the  outcast,  of  the  sad,  of 
the  helpless,  the  doubter,  and  him  that  had  no  strength.  Now 
this  Jesus  Christ  is  crucified,  dead  and  buried.  He  has  passed 
through  death.  Its  complete  and  perfect  work  is  done  upon 
Him  so  far  as  it  has  power  to  do  it.  But  Jesus  Christ  rises 
again.  What  do  we  see?  He  appears  to  Mary  Magdalene, 
out  of  whom  He  cast  seven  devils.  He  sends  a  message  say- 
ing, 'Go  and  tell  the  Disciples  and  Peter,'  mentioning  Peter 
specially  and  by  name;  the  Peter  who  had  denied  the  Christ 
and  had  sworn  he  never  knew  Him.  He  gives  demonstration 
to  Thomas  the  doubter,  and  He  says  to  the  disciples,  as  He 
said  of  old,  'Children,  have  ye  any  meat?'  The  appearances 
of  our  Lord  after  the  resurrection  arc  the  most  instructive  and 
suggestive  things  the  New  Testament  contains,  as  showing  that 
death  does  not  change  character;  and  hence,  we  are  right  in 
saying  that  what  Christ  was  in  the  past  He  is  now  and  will  be 
to-day  and  forever  the  same." 

BISHOP    WHITAKEK  —  ON    .SIN    VS.    SALVATION. 

Bishop  Whitaker  preached  at  .St.  Andrew's,  the  subject  being 
"Salvation,"  and  no  one  could  mistake  the  purpose  of  the 
preacher,  that  he  was  in  love  with  his  subject,  that  he  is  an 
earnest.  God-fearing  man,  who  is  interested  onl}-  in  one  thing, 
and  that  is  to  preach  the  Gospel  plainly,  clearh'  and  so  as  to 
do  good  to  the  souls  of  all  who  hear  him. 

The  sermon  was  to  the  congregation  like  gentle  wind  in 
warm  sunshine  on  a  summer  day.  It  had  no  maudlin  sentiment 
or  weak  conceit.       It  called  things  by  their  proper  names.     Sin 


l6o  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

was  sin,  deadening,  degrading,  debasing,  shutting  out  from 
God  and  jo}'  and  heaven.  Salvation  was  pardon  and  life  and 
light  and  jo}',  leading  to  paradise.  Christ  stood  out  as  a  tran- 
scendently  beautiful  person,  so  attractive,  so  divine,  that  all 
who  heard  must  have  seen  sin  in  its  native  ugliness  and  salva- 
tion in  its  sweetest  power. 

Rl.SHOP    TALBOT — ON    TRUE    GLORVIXG. 

It  was  a  large  and  de\'out  congregation  that  assembled  at 
All  Saints'  Church,  this  afternoon.  The  preacher  was  the 
Bishop  of  Wyoming  and  Idaho.  The  text  was  I  Cor.,  Chap. 
3,  verses  21,  22  and  23:  "Therefore  let  no  man  glory  in  men," 
etc.  The  Bishop  is  a  man  of  good  presence,  of  resonant  voice 
and  of  self  possession.  He  said:  "One  truth  that  needs  to 
be  kept  constantly  in  mind  is  this,  that  Christian  men  are  not 
their  own.  They  are  bought  with  a  price;  they  are  redeemed, 
not  with  corruptible  things  as  silver  and  gold,  but  with  the 
precious  blood  of  Christ;  and  the  Saviour's  ownership  of  each 
and  every  person  in  the  Church  and  the  world,  ought  to  be 
constantly  kept  in  mind.  'Ye  arc  Christ's  and  Christ  is  God's.' 
But  this  does  not  mean  that  therefore  we  have  no  rights  nor 
any  duties  in  the  world.  We  have  both.  The  past  is  ours, 
with  its  heritage  of  blessing  and  accumulation  of  teaching;  the 
present  is  ours,  with  its  opportunities  of  doing  good  and  being 
useful,  of  cheering  and  blessing  the  world  in  which  we  live. 
Life  is  ours  with  its  high  behests,  with  its  grave  responsibilities 
and  with  its  pure  enjoyment;  and  death  is  ours.  It  will  come 
to  each  and  to  all  of  us  in  the  Lord's  good  time,  and  seeing 
that  all  things  are  ours,  and  that  we  are  Christ's,  wc  ought  so 
to  live  as  to  make  the  very  best  of  each  and  every  day  so  that 
the  change  which  will  surely  come  we  will  not  fear  to  see." 

BISHOP    DUDLEY — ON    PHILIP's    METHOD. 

The  Bishop  of  Kentucky  was  the  preacher  at  St.  Mark's  in 
the  evening,  and  his  subject  was,  "Philip  calling  Nathaniel  to 
see  Him  of  whom  Moses,  in  the  Law  and  the  Prophets,  did 
write."  In  his  well  known  graphic  character,  he  sketched  with 
a  skillful  hand  the  scene  of  our  Lord's  surroundings  on  this 
memorable  day.     "He  has  found  Philip  and  called  him  into  his 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  i6t 

holy  service.  Philip  has  heard  that  call  and  answered  it,  and 
gone  out  and  found  Nathaniel  under  a  fig  tree,  and  he  in  turn 
calls  Nathaniel  to  the  service  of  Christ.  Nathaniel  has  heard 
of  the  great  prophet  teacher,  and  knowing  that  Nazareth  is  a 
wicked  place,  that  its  inhabitants  are  generally  described  in 
terms  of  opprobrium,  he  asks  the  common  question:  'Can  any 
good  thing  come  out  of  Nazareth?'  Philip  does  not  offer 
proof;  he  does  not  enter  into  argument;  he  simph'  said,  'Come 
and  see,'  makes  Jesus  Christ  Himself  His  own  authorit)-,  and 
His  works  the  proof  of  His  divinity,  and  in  all  true  work  it 
must  ever  be  thus.  Philip  had  struck  the  very  key  note  of  all 
true  mission  work.  He  had  understood  the  very  heart  of  the 
Gospel.  To  see  Christ  as  He  is,  to  know  Christ  truly,  to  ex- 
perience His  power,  is  to  become  His  disciple.  Argument, 
assertion,  theory,  may  all  be  wasted,  but  one  true  vision  of 
Jesus  will  ensure  discipleship.  People  do  not  love  and  serve 
Christ  because  they  do  not  see  Christ  as  He  is." 

REV.    LEIGHTON    PARKS,    D.    D.  —  ON    WAR    IN    HEAVEN. 

The  Rev.  Leighton  Parks  is  one  of  the  best  known  clergy- 
men in  New  England,  and  Rector  of  Emmanuel  Church,  Bos- 
ton. This  evening  he  preached  at  Grace  Church,  cor.  i6th  Ave. 
and  24th  St.  South.  The  text  was,  "And  there  was  war  in 
heaven."  After  explaining  the  text  in  its  primar}-  sense.  Dr. 
Parks  went  on  to  show  that  "  in  every  life,  whene\'er  the  di- 
vine, the  ideal,  begins  to  assert  itself,  then  war  begins.  The 
good  and  the  bad  are  ever  in  conflict.  This  is  the  meaning 
and  the  burden  of  life.  Were  it  not  for  the  divine  within  us 
we  would  know  no  further  care  than  the  beast.  Through  this 
we  understand  good  and  evil,  right  and  wrong.  The  moment 
you  begin  to  think  about  living  nobly,  doing  bravely,  and  being 
and  achieving  something  worthy  your  best  manhood,  there 
come  into  play  other  forces  which  are  earth  born,  and  whose 
aim  and  purpose  is  ever  to  enthrall  and  enslave.  This  is  the 
meaning  of  "War  in  heaven."  The  lirst  step  of  overcoming  the 
accuser  has  been  taken  in  the  death  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  Re- 
deemer, who  carried  our  sins  in  his  own  body  on  the  tree  in 
order  that  our  whole  being  might  eventually  be  peaceful,  har- 
monious, and  blessed  with  all  the  blessings  of  the  children  of 
God." 


l62  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

SUNDA  Y  IN  ST.  PA  1 7.. 

BISIIOI'    I.KOXAKU — ON    LOVE    TO    THY    NEIC7HBOR. 

At  St.  Peter's  Church,  Morning  Prayer  was  said,  and  the 
musical  part  of  the  service  was  sung  by  the  vested  choir, 
which  added  greatly  to  the  dignity  and  beauty  of  worship. 
The  preacher  was  Bishop  Leonard  ;  the  text  :  "  Thou  shalt 
love  thy  neighbor  as  thyself."  The  Bishop  said,  "To  love  our 
neighbor  is  better  than  to  offer  whole  burnt  offerings.  The 
man  who  has  learned  to  love  his  neighbor  properly,  has  learneci 
the  hardest  lesson  contained  in  the  law.  If  we  look  around 
we  shall  find  God  showing  His  kindness  to  the  just  and  to  the 
unjust;  to  the  thoughtless  and  to  the  unthankful.  Men  who 
are  outside  the  reach  of  logic  are  within  the  reach  of  love,  and 
although  love  sometimes  gets  discouraged  and  seems  to  be 
thrown  away,  yet  even  these  experiences  should  teach  us  wis- 
dom, and  bring  us  back  to  first  principles,  and  we  should  learn 
that  as  God  loved  men  so  we  should  love  them,  and  having 
loved  them,  continue  so  to  do  unto  the   end." 

BISHOP    CAPERS — CHRIST    AN    EXAMPLE. 

The  Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd  is  one  of  the  best  known 
parish  Churches  in  St.  Paul,  because  of  the  life-long  rectorate 
of  its  faithful  Rector,  the  Rev.  William  C.  Pope,  M.  A.,  who 
was  present,  as  a  youth,  at  the  organization  of  the  Diocese  of 
Minnesota,  and  who,  being  the  oldest  white  Presbyter  in  the 
State  of  Minnesota,  has  never  changed,  and  report  saj^s  never 
wished  to  change,  his  place.  He  has  maintained  a  Parish 
School,  and  still  maintains  it,  has  daily  prayers  as  the  Prayer 
Book  directs,  and  the  worship  in  the  Church  of  the  Good 
Shepherd  is  in  the  beauty  of  holiness.  The  sermon  by  Bishop 
Capers  was  on  the  example  of  Christ.  The  Bishop  said  the 
command  is,  "Follow  me,"  and  elsewhere,  "I  have  set  you  an 
example."  "It  is  not  alone  the  duty,  it  is  the  solemn  business 
of  Christian  men  and  Christian  women  to  copy  the  example  of 
Jesus  Christ  in  the  fervency  of  prayer,  in  the  exercise  of  faith, 
in  the  consciousness  of  the  presence  of  God,  in  that  humility 
which  is  content  to  fill  a  little  space,  if  good  be  done;  that 
only  asks  to  serve  and  work  and  wait.     It  was  these    elements 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 63 

in  the  character  and  life  of  our  Lord  combined  with  His  sweet 
gentleness,  consideration  and  sympathy  which  made  sinners 
draw  near  unto  Him  with  liopefulness  and  joy.  Christ's  char- 
acter was  truly  great,  and  a  trul}-  great  character  is  what  Christ 
would  have  all  His  children,  perfect.  He  never  isolated  Him- 
self in  such  a  way  that  the  common  people  could  not  come 
unto  Him.  He  invited  all  men  to  love  Him  and  trust  Him, 
that  He  might  make  all  men  lovable  and  trustful.  His  love 
is  as  free  as  the  sunshine  and  warm  as  its  glow,  and  coming 
into  it  our  souls  are  changed  and  uplifted  and  purified  and 
blessed.  The  one  need  of  the  world  to-day  is  that  each  and 
every  person  in  it  should  become  like  Christ." 

r.ISHOP    GAILOR. 

In  St.  Paul's  Church,  Bishop  McLaren,  of  Chicago,  was  ex- 
pected to  preach,  but  illness  pre\'ented  him  doing  so.  The 
Coadjutor  Bishop  of  Tennessee,  T.  F.  Gailor,  took  his  place, 
and  preached  an  admirable  sermon  from  Hebrews  ii:  i,  "There- 
fore we  ought  to  give  the  more  earnest  heed  to  the  things 
which  we  have  heard,  lest  at  an}-  time  we  should  let  tliem  slip." 
"  The  apostle  has  been  speaking  of  the  dignity  of  Christ,  of 
the  majesty  of  His  office  and  His  person,  that  God  had  spoken 
to  prophets  and  seers  and  to  angels,  but  not  in  the  wa\-  that 
He  had  spoken  to  Christ,  who  is  the  highest  manifestation  of 
the  divine  glory  and  person  ;  and  therefore  we  ought  to  hear 
and  give  earnest  heed  so  to  do  the  things  which  we  have  heard, 
lest  at  any  time  we  should  let  them  slip.  The  words  of  Christ 
are  to  be  light  and  life  to  the  children  of  men.  It  is  an  easy 
thing  in  this  easy-going  world,  and  particularh'  in  this  age,  for 
men  to  take  such  a  sunny  and  optimistic  view  of  religion,  and 
to  think  that  all  words  and  all  creeds  arc  alike  so  that  men 
are  fairly  moral,  that  we  just  drift  awa}-,  without  knowing  it, 
from  the  ancient  faith,  from  the  old  landmarks  of  the  Christian 
religion,  and  so  drifting,  to  think  we  are  coming  upon  the  seas 
of  glorious  liberty,  and  never  dreaming  that  we  are  going  onto 
an  unknown  ocean,  in  a  bark  without  a  rudder,  without  sail, 
without  compass  ;  a  sea  over  which  the  winds  blow  fiercely  and 
the  storms  rage  furiously  ;  where  the  darkness  is  dense,  the 
dangers  many,  and  the  wrecks  fearful.       Men   drift  because  they 


l64  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

do  not  give  earnest  heed  to  the  things  spoken.  A  man  does 
not  need  to  be  immoral  or  wicked,  or  deliberately  vile,  of  set 
purpose,  to  let  slip  the  faith  of  his  father,  the  faith  of  the 
Church,  the  faith  of  Christ.  All  he  needs  to  do  is  to  pay  no 
attention, — just  sit  idly  down  and  let  things  go,  and  insensibly 
he  will  let  them  slip,  and  one  day  he  will  waken  out  of  his 
lethargy  and  find  how  far  he  is  away  from  all  he  once  held 
dear.  We  need  earnest  attention  and  prayer  and  consideration. 
The  ministers  need  to  proclaim  aloud  the  whole  truth  of  the 
living  God,  who  is  back  of  all  things  seen,  —  the  self-existent, 
the  eternal,  the  only  wise.  These  great  truths  should  not  be 
diluted  or  apologized  for  or  kept  in  the  background.  They 
should  be  proclaimed  aloud  and  earnestly  and  clearly,  that  the 
faith  of  Jesus  Christ  in  all  its  grandeur  and  its  glory  may  cap- 
tivate and  win  the  hearts  of  the  children  of  men." 

BISHOP    HALL  — 0\    THE    BIBLE    IN    THE    CHURCH. 

Bishop  Hall,  of  Vermont,  preached  at  St.  Paul's  Church  in 
the  evening.  The  service  was  full  choral.  The  edifice  was 
crowded  with  people.  The  text  was  Nehemiah  viii:  8:  "  So 
they  read  in  the  book  of  the  law  of  God  distinctly,  and  gave 
the  sense,  and  caused  them  to  understand  the  reading."  The 
Bishop  has  gained  great  renown  all  through  the  American 
Church  for  his  frankness,  manliness,  honesty,  and  fearlessness, 
and  this  sermon  showed  every  one  of  those  qualities.  His 
subject  was  the  Bible  and  the  Church's  authority.  He  said, 
"the  Bible,  apart  from  the  divinity  which  pervaded  it,  was 
valuable  as  the  work  of  a  number  of  holy  and  earnest  men. 
Let  us,  however,  beware  of  bibliolatr}-.  Let  us  not  exalt  the 
Bible  above  its  divine  Inspirer.  Before  the  Old  Testament 
were  Moses  and  the  prophets,  and  before  the  New  Testament 
were  Christ  and  His  apostles.  The  Church  gets  its  authority 
to  teach  from  Christ  and  His  apostles,  who  did  not  give  to 
each  and  every  individual  man  authority  to  teach.  He  gave  it 
to  His  Church.  The  world  needs  to  learn  that  the  Bible  is  not 
the  world's  book.  It  is  the  Church's  book,  and  private  inter- 
pretation means  confusion  and  division  and  separation.  Any 
man  with  a  message  which  purports  to  come  from  God  will 
surely  have  an  audience,  no  matter  how  new  the  theme  may  be. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 65 

The  Bible  is  given  b)-  inspiration  of  the  Almighty,  and  we  are 
to  use  it  as  the  Church  directs,  wisely  and  well,  and  thus  it 
shall  be  a  means  of  education  and  grace.  It  shall  reveal  God 
in  Christ  Jesus  to  us,  and  we  shall  be  saved  from  those  errors 
which  ignore  the  Bible  on  the  one  hand  or  deify  it  on  the 
other." 

BISHOP    VINCENT — ON    THE    POWER    OF    PRAYER. 

A  large  congregation  attended  St.  John's  Church  in  the 
afternoon.  Special  music  was  sung  by  a  large  choir,  the  con- 
gregation joining  heartily  in  the  hymns.  Bishop  Vincent,  of 
Southern  Ohio,  was  the  preacher.  The  text  was,  "The  fervent, 
effectual  pra)'er  of  a  righteous  man  availeth  much."  The  sermon 
was  such  as  a  man  of  clear  mental  vision,  deep  spiritual  con- 
secration, and  large  experience  of  personal  religion,  a  man  who 
has  walked  in  sorrow  and  found  comfort  and  blessedness  in 
answered  prayer,  alone  could  preach.  It  was  rich  in  its  sugges- 
tiveness,  inspiring  in  its  trustfulness,  and  ennobling  in  its 
hopefulness.  "The  man  who  prays  as  the  Bible  directs  wields 
one  of  the  mightiest  forces  in  the  world,"  said  the  Bishop. 
"  He  sets  in  motion  the  forces  of  the  universe.  Do  you  believe 
this?  Then  you  will  pray,  as  I  trust  you  all  do  pray,  fervently 
and  with  )'our  whole  heart.  Is  there  a  time  in  your  life  when 
you  are  discouraged,  when  }'our  spiritual  disappointments  are 
many,  when  you  ask  yourself,  'If  I  pra}'  will  God  answer  me  ?' 
the  answer  is,  'Yes,  He  will,'  and  the  answer  will  be  wise  and 
kindly  and  good;  and  though  you  may  not  see  it  at  the  time, 
as  often  happens,  '  where  seeming  reason  ends,  the  realm  of 
faith  begins.'  Does  a  mother  grant  every  prayer  of  her  child 
in  the  way  a  child  desires?  A  great  many  people  think  that 
God  should  take  instructions  from  them  as  to  how-  He  should 
answer  prayer.  This  is  wrong.  We  should  not  pray  to  have 
God  on  our  side,  but  that  we  may  be  on  God's  side,  who  is 
e\er  on  the  side  of  right  and  love  and  mercy.  Believe  the 
instincts  of  your  heart;  tell  your  desires  to  the  Almighty;  make 
Jesus  Christ  your  sa\'iour  and  the  Hoi)-  Spirit  your  guide;  let 
your  prayers  be  simple  and  earnest  and  submissive  and  fervent 
and  faithful  and  the)'  will  become  effectual.  '  Call  upon  Me 
in  the  day  of  trouble  and  I  will  answer  thee  and  thou  shall 
glorify  Me.'  " 


1 66  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

BISHOP    I'AKF.T       OX    Tll|-.    FKKDIXti    OF    THE    MULTITUDE. 

With  glad  hearts  and  radiant  faces  the  members  of  the  parish 
of  Christ's  Church,  with  many  of  their  friends,  and  persons  in 
attendance  upon  the  General  Convention,  assembled  this  morn- 
ing. The  excellency  of  the  music  at  Christ's  Church  is  well 
known.  The  vested  choir  was  at  its  best.  There  were  many 
visiting  clergymen  in  the  chancel.  The  Rector  is  the  Rev.  C. 
D.  Andrews,  who,  assisted  by  several  of  the  clergy,  read  the 
service.  The  Bishop  of  Maryland  was  the  preacher.  The 
text  was  taken  from  the  narrative  of  Christ  feeding  five  thousand 
men  besides  women  and  children.  He  said,  "This  vast  congre- 
gation, which  probably  numbered  more  than  ten  thousand 
people,  for  it  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that  the  women  and 
children  numbered  at  least  as  many  as  the  men,  had  been 
waiting  on  the  Master  and  the  disciples  for  three  days,  and 
they  were  badly  in  need  of  food.  The  disciples  called  the 
Master's  attention  to  the  fact.  It  was  needless  ;  He  knew 
perfectly  and  He  was  well  aware  that  they  had  come  because  of 
the  fame  of  His  miracles.  They  did  not  deserve  the  aid  which 
Christ  could  give,  but  do  we  ever  deserve  the  blessings  bestowed 
upon  us?  These  people  were  placed  in  order;  they  were  made 
to  sit  down,  and  Christ,  in  accordance  with  the  universal  custom 
of  people  in  that  day,  asked  God's  blessing  upon  the  food.  In 
these  days  we  are  in  danger  of  forgetting  this  beautiful  custom. 
Then  Christ  gave  to  His  disciples,  and  they  distributed  it;  and 
so  it  is  to  this  day.  It  was  Christ  feeding  the  multitude,  and 
in  the  Church,  no  matter  what  the  order  or  who  the  minister, 
it  is  Christ  that  feeds  the  multitude,  and  is  ever  ready  to 
multiply  loaves  and  fishes,  to  bless  the  provision  to  give  to  the 
disciples  so  that  there  may  be  no  lack,  and  when  all  the  world 
has  had  enough  there  is  ample  food  to  spare.  In  this  narrative 
we  see  the  reserve  power  which  Jesus  Christ  always  has.  The 
multitude  may  be  in  the  city,  or  the  village,  or  the  wilderness. 
It  may  have  been  long  without  food,  and  hungry,  and  wasted 
and  famishing,  but  when  Christ  is  there,  in  the  exercise  of  His 
glorious  power,  every  need  will  be  supplied  and  all  may  ha\'c 
enough  and  to  spare." 

The  sermon  was  listened  to  with  marked  attention. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 67 

BISHOP    SESSUMS  —  OX    TIU:    (iOSI'F.L. 

This  evening  Christ's  Church  was  crowded  in  every  part. 
After  Evening  Prayer  had  been  said,  the  sermon  was  preached 
by  Bishop  Sessums,  of  Louisiana.  The  text  was:  "All  things 
are  possible  to  him  that  believeth.  Lord,  I  belie\'e.  Help  thou 
mine  unbelief." 

"Before  us  stands  a  man  whose  son  is  possessed  of  a  devil. 
He  has  been  brought  to  the  disciples  of  Jesus  Christ  and  they 
could  not  cast  out  the  demon,  and  then  as  a  last  resort  he  came 
to  Jesus  Christ.  He  was  not  bothered  by  discussions  of  doc- 
trine or  creeds  or  any  of  those  subtleties  known  to  dialecticians. 
He  believed  in  the  power  of  Jesus  Christ,  and  he  was  supremely 
anxious  that  this  power  should  be  exercised  in  casting  the  devil 
out  of  his  son,  and  the  Lord  said  to  him,  'All  things  are 
possible  to  him  that  believes,'  and  the  man  replied,  T  do  be- 
lieve; help  Thou  mine  unbelief.'  And  the  result  was  that  his 
child  received,  in  all  its  glorious  fullness,  the  blessing  asked. 
In  the  Christian  Church  there  have  been  man\'  discussions, 
many  questions  asked  and  answered  as  to  the  divinity  of  Jesus 
Christ,  and  the  like,  but  its  true  defense  is  in  the  practical  side 
of  its  work.  It  is  not  in  the  deductions  of  science  that  men 
are  to  find  what  the  Church  stands  for  to-day.  The  Church's 
power  is  in  another  realm.  It  is  in  the  spiritual  and  the  God- 
like. Men  will  come  to  us  when  they  see  the  goodness  of  the 
Gospel  exemplified  in  the  Church,  and  our  religion  will  rise 
from  what  it  does  not  know  to  what  it  does  know,  and  those 
longings  of  our  spirits  after  God  will  prove  the  deathless  asser- 
tion of  our  immortality.  The  man  who  demands  a  merely 
physical  proof,  in  religion,  retards  and  deadens  progress.  Our 
Lord  stands  in  the  spiritual  realm  to  do  greater  works  than 
these  of'which  we  read  in  the  Gospels,  and  the  Church's  safe- 
guard and  her  strength  is  in  the  assertion  of  these  mighty 
truths." 

KEV.    W.    K.    HUNTINfiTON,    D.    I).  —  OX    THK    KESTOR.VriOX 
OF    THE    -SOUL. 

In  the  Cluuch  of  the  Messiah  this  morning.  Rev.  C.  E. 
Ilaupt,  Rector,  at  Morning  Prayer,  a  vested  girl's  choir  assisted 
in  thejservice  of  song.      The  preacher  was  the  well  known  Dr. 


1 68  HISTOFV  OF  GESEKAL   COXVENTIOX. 

William  R.  Huntini^^on,  of  New  York,  and  the  sermon  was  on 
"He  restoreth  my  soul  and  leadeth  me  in  the  paths  of  right- 
eousness for  His  name's    sake."       He  said: 

"These  words  are  so  familiar  to  us  that  we  lose  sight  of 
their  significance.  The  soul  embodying  all  there  is  within  us 
often  desires  and  needs  restoration.  It  is  well  for  us  to  ask 
what  is  restoration?  It  is  the  replacing  or  putting  back  that 
which  has  been  displaced.  When  sin  entered  the  world  this 
restoration  became  a  means  of  escaping  its  penalties.  The 
parable  of  the  Lost  Sheep,  the  Prodigal  Son  and  the  Lost  Silver 
shows  this  process.  Often  men  become  discouraged  and  go 
through  their  devotions  in  a  mechanical  manner,  and  seemingly 
derive  no  comfort  from  their  faith.  It  is  at  such  times  that 
the  Song  of  David  gives  us  the  blessed  assurance,  'He  restor- 
eth my  soul.'  When  we  are  physically  ill  we  seek  out  a  phy- 
sician and  place  our  case  before  him  and  are  restored  to  health. 
It  is  the  same  case  with  the  spiritual  illness;  we  must  seek 
counsel  of  the  Great  Physician,  and  there  will  be  no  doubt 
about  the  restoration.  When  we  refuse  this  means  we  forget 
about  God's  loss,  we  are  accustomed  to  consider  only  our  own 
feelings  in  the  matter.  I  keep  in  mind  the  metaphysical  defi- 
nition of  God  as  a  being  incapable  of  suffering  loss  or  pain, 
but  when  the  Bible  represents  God  as  grieving  over  the  loss  of 
a  soul,  it  is  not  an  idle  statement;  it  is  the  expression  of  the 
attributes  of  a  personal  God,  according  to  human  conception. 
'He  leadeth  me  in  the  paths  of  righteousness  for  His  name's 
sake.'  If  we  believe  that  and  follow  the  teachings  of  Holy 
Scripture,  wc  ma)-  be  assured  of  a  leader  along  the  highways 
of  life;  one  who  will  cheer  us  when  we  faint  and  bind  our 
wounds  when  we  fall,  and  what  God  was  to  the  shepherd  David, 
He  will  be  to  us  all  through  our  lives." 

It  is  impossible  in  a  short  outline  to  give  an  adequate  view 
of  the  tenderness  and  beauty  of  this  sermon. 

BISHOP    SEYMOUR  —  ON    LOVE    TO    GOD. 

At  St.  James'  Church  the  Rev.  R.  H.  Cotton,  Rector,  read 
Morning  Praj'cr  and  Litany.  The  choir  had  been  strengthened 
by  the  addition  of  eighteen  young  ladies,  and  so  the  musical 
part  of  the  service  was  well  rendered.  Bishop  Seymour  took 
for  text  Matt,  xxii;  verses  37  and  38.      The  Bishop  said: 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 69 

"Love  is  the  heart  and  soul  of  religion.  Here  we  find  the 
whole  Bible  reduced  to  a  sentence,  and  we  see  it  exemplified 
in  the  second  Person  of  the  ever  adorable  Trinity,  who  is  Jesus 
C^hrist,  the  Saviour  of  men  and  king  in  his  Church.  Whether 
you  look  into  His  face  at  the  stable  at  Bethlehem,  on  the  Mount 
of  Transfiguration,  or  hanging  upon  the  cross  at  Calvary,  you 
may  read  the  same  word.  It  is  the  word  'Love'  which  gave 
itself,  which  lived  and  bore,  and  suffered,  and  in  the  life  of 
Christ  }'ou  may  learn  to  give  up  your  apathy,  and  selfishness, 
and  your  sin,  and  follow  His  sacred  footsteps,  attain  to  His 
eternal  salvation  by  the  practice  of  the  active  principle  of  all 
pure  religion,  which   is  love." 

(J.'^THEKlNd    OF    SUNDAY    SCHOOL    CHILDREN. 

In  the  afternoon,  in  Christ  Church,  children  from  all  the 
Sunday  Schools  in  the  cit}'  gathered.  The  service  was  short, 
simple,  impressive  and  exceedingly  interesting.  The  subject 
was  the  missionary  work  of  the  Church.  Bishop  Ferguson, 
the  Bishop  of  Cape  Palmas,  on  the  East  coast  of  Africa,  gave 
an  address,  and  with  the  Bishop  was  that  sample  of  effective 
missionary  work,  Thomas  Tabou,  who  had  created  such  an  im- 
pression in  Minneapolis  the  week  before.  Thomas  was  just  as 
attractive  here.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Haupt  read  the  lesson  and  Bishop 
Gilbert,  in  a  few  well  chosen  words,  welcomed  the  children  to 
the  Mother  Church  of  the  Diocese.  He  pointed  out  that,  prac- 
ticalK',  the  whole  General  Convention  at  Minneapolis  was  a 
great  missionary  meeting.  He  then  introduced  Bishop  Rulison, 
of  Central  Pennsylvania,  who  made  an  exceedingly  effective 
address.  He  said,  "We  want  men  and  we  want  women  and 
bo>'s  and  girls,  too."  He  spoke  on  the  Christian  child  as  a 
crusader,  and  told  beautiful  stories  of  what  the  crusaders  of  old 
had  done  and  how  much  modern  Europe  owes  to  them.  He 
spoke  of  the  love  of  the  Church's  work  and  being  read\-  to 
make  sacrifices  for  that  work.  He  spoke  of  unity  in  Christian 
work,  that  e\'er\-  child  should  helj)  e\er\'  other  child  in  the 
Church  and  thus  large  things  can  be  accomplished.  He  paid 
a  glowing  tribute  to  Bishop  Gilbert  whom  he  had  known  in  his 
youthful  days.  l^ishop  Ferguson  made  a  very  effectixe  address. 
He  told  of  the  land  where  he   lived,  where  the  hills  are  green 


170  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

all  the  )'ear  round,  and  the  light  which  the  Church  is  casting 
amongst  the  African  people;  of  Sunday  School  and  other  work 
amongst  the  swarthy  children  of  Africa,  and  then  he  pointed 
out  his  little  charge,  Thomas  Tabou,  as  a  specimen  of  African 
school  children.  Every  child  in  the  congregation  lifted  its 
head  and  stretched  its  neck  to  get  a  glance  at  the  genial  little 
fellow,  whom  the  Bishop  placed  on  a  chair.  He  went  through 
the  Catechism,  and  all  the  answers  of  Thomas  were  accurate. 
Thomas  repeated  a  Psalm  and  one  of  the  prophecies  of  Isaiah 
in  English.  He  sang  a  verse  of  an  English  hymn,  and  then 
he  repeated  the  Apostles'  Creed  and  sang  a  stanza  of  a  hymn 
in  his  own  language,  all  of  which  awakened  the  greatest  pos- 
sible interest  in  the  minds  of  all  the  children  present,  some  of 
whom  climbed  on  the  seats  to  catch  a  glimpse  of  their  African 
brother.       It  did  not  disturb  Thomas  a  particle. 

Re\-.  Dr.  Langford  came  next.  He  had  an  important  part 
to  play.  It  is  difficult  to  effectively  address  children  at  an\' 
time,  but  ten  fold  more  so  when  a  child  from  Africa  has  just 
created  such  an  impression.  The  Doctor,  however,  did  nobly. 
An  offering  was  taken  and  the  service  concluded  in  the  usual 
way.      The  following  are  the  numbers  of  children  present: 

Christ's  Church,  150;  St.  Paul's,  150;  St.  Peter's,  80;  St.  Peter's 
Mission,  40;  St.  James',  80;  St.  Clement's,  75;  Good  Shepherd, 
50;  Resurrection,  10;  St.  Philip's,  10;  Ascension,  50;  Trinity,  10; 
St.  Mark's,  10;  Messiah,  150;  St.  Mary's,  50;  St.  Matthew's,  10; 
St.  Bonifacius',  40;  St.  Stephen's,  40;  St.  John's,  150;  total  1,155. 


CHAPTER   XVII. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

october   i4th. 

r^R.  Huntington,  for  the  Committee  on  Amendments  to  the 
*-^  Constitution,  presented  the  following  report:  "The  Com- 
mittee on  Amendments  to  the  Constitution,  to  whom  was  referred 
the  resolution  of  a  clerical  Deputy  from  New  York,  making  it  law- 
ful under  well-defined  restrictions  for  Bishops  to  take  under 
their  spiritual  \isitation  congregations  of  Christian  people  not 
hitherto  in  communion  with  this  Church,  report  that,  inasmuch 
as  this  resolution  differs  onl}-  from  a  similar  one  which  was 
brought  forward  three  years  ago,  and  contains  more  careful 
safeguards,  they  do  not  consider  it  incumbent  to  enter  upon  the 
merits  of  the  case,  but  recommend  the  adoption  of  the  follow- 
ing: 

"Resolved,  The  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  that  the  fol- 
lowing amendment  be  made  to  the  Constitution,  and  that  the 
proposed  amendment  be  made  known  to  the  se\'eral  Dioceses 
in  order  that  it  may  be  finally  agreed  to  and  ratified  in  accord- 
ance with  Article  ix  of  the  Constitution;  add  to  Article  viii 
of  the  Constitution  the  following:  'But  nothing  in  this  Article 
shall  be  so  construed  as  to  restrain  any  Bishop  of  this  Church, 
acting  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Standing 
Committee  of  his  Diocese  or  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  from  tak- 
ing under  his  spiritual  oversight  any  congregation  of  Ciiristian 
people,  not  heretofore  in  communion  with  this  Church,  which 
accepts  the  Apostles'  Creed  and  Nicene  Creed,  and  whose  min- 
ister having  received  Episcopal  ordination  shall  covenant  as 
shall  be  prescribed  by  Canons  to  use  in  |)ublic  worship  such 
form  or  directory  as  the  Bishop  shall  recognize,  pro\ided  it 
shall  make  provision  for  the  Apostolic  rite  of  confirmation,  and 
shall  agree  in  the  ministration  of  the  sacraments  of  Baptism 
and  the  Lord's  Supper,  in  the  unfailing  use  of  the  words  and 
elements  prescribed  b\'  Christ  Himself. 


172  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

"Pro\ided  further,  that  no  such  congregation  shall  be  ad- 
mitted into  union  with  the  Diocese  until  organized  into  a  parish 
of  this  Church,  in  accordance  with  canonical  requirements.' 
(Signed)  W.  R.  Huntington,  E.  Harwood,  John  H.  Elliott,  J. 
S.  Stone,  E.  H.  Bennett,  and   J.  H.  Stiness." 

Dr.  Huntington,  of  New  York,  who  presented  the  report, 
moved  that  it  be  made  the  order  of  the  day  next  after  the 
matter  of  constitutional   revision. 

A    MINORITY    REPORT. 

Mr.  Faude,  of  Minnesota,  presented  a  minority  report  on  the 
same  subject.       It  was  as  follows: 

"The  undersigned  members  of  the  Committee  on  Amend- 
ment to  the  Constitution  regretfully  dissent  from  the  views  of 
the  majority  of  the  committee  in  its  report  on  the  proposed 
amendment  to  Article  viii  of  the  Constitution.  The  proposed 
amendment  is  declared  to  be  a  step  in  the  direction  of  Christian 
unity.  By  its  provisions  congregations  of  unconfirmed  people 
accepting  the  Apostles'  and  Nicenc  Creeds  may  be  received  — 
first,  under  the  spiritual  oversight  of  the  Bishop,  acting  under 
the  advice  and  consent  of  his  standing  committee,  and  second, 
into  union  with  the  Diocesan  Convention  or  Council.  Such 
congregations  are  to  be  allowed  to  worship  according  to  any 
form  or  directory  of  public  worship  which  their  Bishop  may  set 
forth,  it  being  provided: 

"  {a.)  That  it  be  in  harmony  with  the  four  points  submit- 
ted at  the  Lambeth  Conference  as  a  basis  upon  which  the 
Anglican  community  is  willing  to  confer. 

"  (d.)  That  it  make  provision  for  the  Apostolic  rite  of  Con- 
firmation. 

"The  undersigned  are  unable  to  give  consent  to  this  project 
for  the  following  reasons:  First,  the  proposed  amendment  is 
one  touching  our  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  which  is  the  inter- 
preter and  bulwark  of  our  faith  and  doctrine.  The  American 
branch  of  the  Church  Catholic  has  wisely  agreed  that  this  book 
shall  not  be  altered  by  the  Bishops  alone,  but  by  the  House 
of  Deputies  acting  concurrently  in  two  successive  Conventions 
with  an  interval  of  three  years.  But  now  this  proposed  amend- 
ment has  a  provision  which  allows  in  Church  legislation  any 
Bishop  to  make  certain  alterations  in  certain  specified  emer- 
gencies. Each  Bishop  could  then  be  a  law  unto  himself.  The 
form  of  the  administration  of  the  Holy  Communion  in  its  in- 
terpretation would  be  open  to  each  Bishop  to  decide.  There 
is  nothing  in  the  proposed  amendment  which  would  prevent 
the  use,  with  some  modifications,  of  the  Roman  Mass  by  a 
Bishop  who  inclined  in  that  direction,  to  say  nothing  of  other 
changes  or  forms. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  !73 

"While,  perhaps,  every  Bishop  would  not  sanction  a  different 
directory  of  public  worship,  yet  the  different  schools  of  thought 
would  make  these  directories  a  propaganda  for  their  interpre- 
tation, and  such  great  divergencies  of  view  would  not  tend  to 
peace  and  harmony  in  the  Church,  but  would  give  rise  to  fac- 
tions for  which  no  gains  of  some  converts  from  outside  would 
compensate  us. 

"Second.  The  undersigned  are  further  of  the  opinion  that 
the  indirect  abolition  of  the  Rubric,  providing  there  shall  be 
none  admitted  to  the  Holy  Communion  until  they  be  confirmed 
or  be  ready  and  desirous  to  be  confirmed,  is  a  most  unsafe 
proceeding.  This  indirect  abolition  of  the  Rubric,  doing  away 
entirely  with  confirmation  as  a  pre-requisite  to  the  Holy  Com- 
munion as  a  recognized  and  indispensable  sacramental  rite, 
should  not  be  obligatory.  In  the  judgment  of  the  undersigned 
this  would  be  presenting  an  opportunity  for  the  admission  to 
the  Church  Catholic  of  those  not  conforming  to  its  requirements. 
Whatever  irregularities  there  may  be  in  the  national  or  provin- 
cial Church,  such  a  departure  as  this  is  unwarranted,  and  in 
thus  legislating  we  should  be  receiving  converts  from  without 
at  the  risk  of  alienating  those  already  in  full  communion  with 
the  Church. 

"Third.  The  undersigned  arc  not  unmindful  of  the  fact  that 
almost  any  changes  in  the  Prayer  Book  may  be  justified,  pro- 
vided they  are  made  in  the  usual  and  lawful  way,  and  that 
compensating  gains  were  assured  to  us  thereb}\  What  is  the 
supposed  gain  from  these  proposed  amendments?  Christian 
unity,  it  is  answered.  That  this  measure  seems  to  have  as  its 
underlying  principle  that  unity  means  union  in  the  sense  of 
aggregation,  but  without  that  unity  of  spirit  which  is  the  bond 
of  peace,  and,  in  the  judgment  of  the  undersigned,  union  with- 
out unity  is  no  better  than  recognized  separation.  Almost 
every  congregation  admitted  as  here  proposed  would  give  us 
something  resembling  another  school  of  thought.  We  certainly 
have  enough  schools  of  thought,  sometimes  called  parties,  in 
tl)e  Church,  as  it  is,  and  to  open  the  door  and  invite  more 
would,  in  the  judgment  of  the  undersigned,  be  well  nigh  suicidal. 

"Fourth.  Even  if  it  were  admitted  that  the  Chicago-Lam- 
beth declaration  should  be  followed  by  some  such  legislation 
as  is  here  proposed,  the  undersigned  feel  that  to  take  such 
action  now  would  be  premature  and  unhappily  precipitative. 
The  House  of  Bishops,  in  1886,  after  making  a  declaration 
sometimes  called  'The  Quadrilateral,'  concluded  with  the  fol- 
lowing words:  'Furthermore,  deeply  grieved  by  the  sad  divi- 
sions, which  effect  the  Christian  Church,  we  hereby  declare  our 
desire  and  readiness,  as  soon  as  there  shall  be  any  authorized 
response  to  this  declaration,  to  enter  into  brotherly  conference 
with  all  or  any  Christian  bodies  seeking  the  restoration  of  the 


174  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

organic  unity  of  the  Church,  with  a  view  to  the  earnest  study 
of  the  conditions  under  which  so  priceless  a  blessing  might 
happily  be  brought  to  pass.' 

"The  undersigned  remind  this  House  that  not  one  of  the 
Christian  bodies  about  us  has,  in  the  language  of  the  Bishops, 
as  yet  made  to  this  Church  any  authorized  response  to  this 
declaration.  Until  this  is  done  we  cannot,  without  loss  of  self- 
respect,  make  any  further  advances. 

"Fifth.  It  is  doubtful  if  any  congregations  of  Christian 
people  would  accept  so  questionable  a  position  as  this  legisla- 
tion would  give  them.  They  would  not  be  received  into  the 
fulness  of  the  Church's  privileges.  While  Bishops  might  re- 
ceive them,  the  councils  of  the  Diocese  might  be  closed  against 
them.  They  would  stand  upon  a  different  plane  from  that  of 
the  average  Church  people,  at  the  best  a  new  kind  of  'proselytes 
at  the  gate' — a  most  humiliating  position,  and  one  not  likely  to 
be   accepted. 

"We  offer  as  a  substitute  and  recommend  for  adoption  the 
following  resolution:  'That  it  is  expedient  to  amend  Article 
vrii  of  the  Constitution  in  the  manner  proposed.'  (Signed)  J. 
J.  Faude,  E.  T.  Wilder,  J.  M.  Woolworth,  F.  H.  Miller,  E.  H. 
Temple,  M.  F.  Gilbert." 

Dr.  Huntington  asked  if  it  were  customary  for  minority  re- 
ports to  be  formally  received. 

Tlie  chairman  stated  that  they  could  amend  by  substituting 
the  report  of  the  minority,  but  not  until  the  report  of  the 
committee  was  before  the  House.  On  motion  of  Dr.  Taylor 
the  House  ordered  the  printing  of  both  the  majority  and  minor- 
ity reports,  and  the  consideration  of  the  same  was  agreed  to 
be  taken  up  when  the  matter  of  revision  was  suspended. 

Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  Committee  on  Canons,  reported: 
"The  Committee  on  Canons,  to  whom  was  referred  the  resolu- 
tion directing  the  committee  to  prepare  such  amendments  as 
might  be  necessary  to  make  the  wording  of  the  Canons  con- 
form to  the  Constitutional  change  of  the  title  Assistant  l^ishop 
to  that  of  Bishop  Coadjutor,  recommend  the  following: 

'Resolved,  That  Title  i.  Canon  19,  Section  5,  be  amended  so 
as  to  read"  (the  sentence  was  left  in  its  original  form,  the  only 
alteration  being  the  substitution  of  the  words  "Bishop  Coad- 
jutor" for  the  words  "Assistant  Bishop"). 

The  other  sections  of  the  same  Canon  were  similarly  altered 
and  the  resolutions  of  the  committee  recommending  the  alter- 
ations were    adopted. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  175 

In  the  House  of  Bishops,  the  Bishop  of  Kentuck}^  presented 
the  following  preamble  and  resolution: 

"The  House  of  Bishops  would  place  upon  its  record  a  me- 
morial of  the  supreme  satisfaction  and  the  joyful  encouragement 
its  members  have  received  from  their  visit,  in  company  with 
the  members  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  to  Faribault  on  Satur- 
day last,  the  1 2th  inst.  Astonishment  slowly  gave  way  to 
thankfulness  as  they  beheld  what  God  hath  wrought  by  one 
man  in  one  short  life.  By  the  labors  of  Breck  and  his  com- 
panions in  preparation,  and  of  Whipple  in  continuance  and 
completion,  the  wilderness  He  hath  made  to  blossom  as  the 
rose  and  a  desert  place  to  be  filled  with  them  that  praise  His 
name.  'Not  unto  us,  O  Lord,  not  unto  us,  but  to  Thy  name 
give  the  praise.' 

"The  House  of  Bishops  rejoices  with  the  venerable  Bishop 
of  Minnesota,  its  senior  Bishop  present,  that  he  has  been  per- 
mitted to  build  to  the  honor  of  our  Lord  God  such  enduring 
monuments. 

"The  House  of  Bishops  rejoices  with  the  Bishop  of  Minne- 
sota upon  the  manifestation,  plain  and  unmistakable,  given  them 
the  last  Saturday,  that  he  has  indeed  maintained  and  led  for- 
ward love  and  peace  among  all  his  neighbors. 

"They  would  express  to  Mr.  Roswell  Miller,  president  of 
the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railroad,  their  cordial  thanks 
for  his  most  splendid  courtesy  in  providing  a  train  for  their 
transportation  to  Faribault;  and  to  the  Christian  people  of  that 
city  for  the  sumptuous  and  beautiful  hospitality,  all  of  which, 
as  they  believe,  is  the  assurance  of  the  love  thc}'  bear  to  the 
Bishop  of  Minnesota. 

"Thc  House  of  Bishops  rejoices  with  the  Bishop  of  Minne- 
sota that  the  burden  he  has  carried  so  long  and  so  bra\ely  is 
now  rolled  down  upon  Churches  worthy  to  bear  it;  that  he  is 
blessed  in  the  love  and  loyal  filial  devotion  of  a  coadjutor, 
whose  praise  is  already  in  all  the  Churches. 

"The  House  of  Bishops  rejoices  with  the  Bishop  of  Minne- 
sota in  the  splendid  crowning  of  a  long  life  of  unselfish  devotion, 
such  that  'all  apostles,  elders,  and  brethren'  had  been  gathered 
about  the  hearth-stone  where  he  kindled  the  fire  a  lifetime  ago; 
that  in  his  own  home  he  has  heard  from  the  assembled  Church, 
as  earnest  of  the  commendation  of  the  Master,  the  plaudit, 
'Well   done,  good  and  faithful  serxant!'" 


CHAPTER   XVIII. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

october   15th. 

nr^O-DAY  it  was  decided  that  the  Convention  should  adjourn 
*  on  Tuesday,  the  22nd,  and  that  the  closing  service  be  at  3 
o'clock,  and  that  the  Pastoral  Letter  be  read  at  that  time. 
Northern  Michigan  was  erected  a  new   Diocese. 

Message  No.  41  from  the  House  of  Bishops  named  as 
Church  University  Regents,  Bishops  Doane,  Whipple,  and  Dud- 
ley, and  Rev.  Drs.  Dix,  Greer,  Huntington,  Potter,  and  Messrs. 
Professors  Dresler  and  Garnet,  Geo.  W.  Vanderbilt,  Spencer 
Trask,  and  Silas  McBee. 

Message  No.  3  referred  to  the  list  of  ordinations  and  the 
need  of  having  the  record  correctly  kept  and  certified  copies 
furnished.  It  was  stated  as  an  interesting  fact  that  in  the  last 
100  years  in  the  American  Church  77,068  deacons  had  been 
ordained. 

1.  That  the  list  of  ordinations  herewith  submitted  be  printed 
as  an  appendix  to  the  journal. 

2.  That  permission  be  given  to  print  extra  copies  of  the 
list  for  sale. 

3.  That  the  Rev.  Dr.  Herman  C.  Duncan  be  appointed  an 
officer  of  this  Convention,  as  Recorder  of  Ordinations,  to  con- 
tinue the  list  thus  begun,  which  may  be  printed  from  time  to 
time,  as  may  be  directed  by  the  Convention. 

4.  That  the  Recorder  of  Ordinations  be  required  to  keep  a 
list  of  the  clergy  in  regular  standing,  corrected  to  the  first  day 
of  October  in  each  year,  and  that  he  be  required  to  furnish  a 
certified  copy  to  the  Almanacs. 

The  afternoon  of  this  day  was  spent  in  considering  the  Pro- 
vincial   System.       Three     plans     have    been    proposed:    i,    that 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  I77 

there  be  a  commission  for  the  establishment  of  a  system  of 
provinces  by  the  General  Convention  without  consultation  with 
the  several  Dioceses;  2,  that  there  be  a  plan  of  state  prov- 
inces under  which  the  Church,  in  every  State  of  the  Union, 
should  be  regarded  as  a  province  and  should  have  a  provincial 
organization  and  law,  and  that  this  arrangement  be  made  wher- 
ever there  are  three  or  more  Dioceses  in  one  State;  and  the 
last  plan,  that  which  merely  permits  legislation,  thus  leaving 
the  General  Convention  at  liberty  to  allow  provinces  to  be 
arranged  whenever  certain  Dioceses  desire  to  become  a  province. 
The  debate  on  this  question  was,  without  doubt,  the  ablest  yet 
heard  in  the  Convention.  It  seems  to  have  been  the  general 
opinion  amongst  Churchmen  who  were  not  members  of  the 
Convention,  that  the  Provincial  System  was  but  the  beginning 
of  radical  changes  in  the  customs  and  laws  of  the  American 
Church,  and  that  its  adoption,  under  whatever  name,  meant 
that  the  Presiding  Bishop  in  a  province  would  be  in  fact,  and 
soon  would  become  in  name,  an  Archbishop,  and  this  really 
stood  in  the  way  of  the  adoption  of  the  Provincial  System  in 
any  guise. 

REPORT    ON    STATE    OF    THE    CHURCH. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Duncan  read  the  report  of  the  Committee  on 
the  State  of  the  Church.  He  said  that  it  was  a  matter  of  re- 
gret that  some  of  the  returns  called  for  had  not  come  in  in  as 
complete  a  form  as  was  necessary  for  a  full  and  accurate  report, 
and  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  omissions  in  one  direction 
affected  the  whole  report.  The  report  shows  300  more  clergy 
to-day  than  three  years  ago — a  gain  of  about  7  per  cent. — an 
increase  of  24  per  cent,  in  the  ordination  of  deacons  and 
priests,  there  having  been  1,132  in  the  period.  The  number  of 
candidates  for  orders  is  smaller  than  three  years  ago,  and 
although  the  difference  is  slight,  it  indicates  a  halt,  and  gives 
food  for  thought.  There  is  an  increase  in  the  number  of  lay 
readers  of  59.  The  increase  in  the  baptisms  and  confirmations 
is  encouraging,  and  the  Church  has  67,571  more  commmiicants 
to-day  than  three  years  ago,  an  increase  of  over  12 ,'4  per  cent. 
The  difference  between  the  rate  of  increase  of  communicants 
and  clergy  demands  serious  thought. 

"The  increase  of  the  number  of  clergy  ought  to  keep  pace 
with  that  of   the  communicants.      We    have    need    to    pray    the 


I 


178  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Lord  of  the  harvest  that  He  will  send  forth  laborers  into  the 
harvest,  and  we  have  need  to  select  men  of  skill  and  wisdom 
to  labor  in  the  fields. 

"Here  we  are  estopped  to  be  reminded  of  the  great  number 
of  what  are  called  unemployed  clergymen — seeming  to  indicate 
no  need  for  further  increase  of  the  clergy.  We  are  precluded 
from  the  thought  that  the  large  proportion  are  other  than  good 
men  and  true.  The  trouble  seems  to  be  insufficiency  of  stipend. 
If  the  clergy  increase  in  number  and  the  amount  contributed 
to  their  support  decreases  we  shall  find  that  the  masses  of  the 
population — the  poor  in  our  cities — are  not  having  the  Gospel 
preached  to  them.  67,571  more  communicants  to-day  than  in 
1892,  and  but  157  more  priests.  The  priests  we  have  must  be 
supported  and  kept  in  their  places,  and  the  number  ought  to 
be  largely  increased.  We  earnestly  appeal  to  the  people — the 
division  of  the  loaf  and  of  the  cruse  with  God's  prophet  will, 
as  of  old,  bring  into  the  house  renewed  life  and  joy.  We 
earnestly  call  upon  the  youth  to  offer  themselves  for  the  min- 
istry, with  confidence,  not  in  their  personal  ability  to  earn  a 
livelihood,  but — from  amid  scenes  that  in  the  last  generation 
saw  the  youth  of  Nashotah,  we  call  upon  the  youth  of  to-day  to 
show  heroism  and  Christian  valor. 

"It  is  gratifying  to  mark  an  increase  of  teachers  in  the  Sun- 
day Schools,  keeping  pace  with  the  inflow  of  pupils.  The 
great  increase  of  duties  and  responsibilities  of  parish  priests  of 
necessity  calls  upon  the  laity  for  assistance,  to  which  they  are 
gladly  responding.  The  number  of  parishes  and  missions  has 
increased  more  than  9^   per  cent. 

"  Fully  80  per  cent,  of  our  church  edifices  are  free  and  open. 
There  are  536  more  church  edifices  than  there  were  three  years 
ago,  and  we  can  report,  as  we  did  then,  every  other  day  a  new 
one.  The  increase  in  the  number  of  parishes  and  missions  is 
practically  the  same  as  the  increase  in  the  number  of  our  church 
edifices.  There  is  a  gratifying  increase  in  the  number  of  rec- 
tories. The  number  of  homes  and  institutions  for  the  suffering 
has  increased  from  257  to  320,  or  nearly  one-fourth  more.  It 
has  been  said  that  we  may  estimate  the  religious  population  by 
multiplying  the  number  of  communicants  by  five.  If  we  do 
this  we  have  the  number  of  adherents  to  our  Church  3,092,500. 
The  total  contributions  are  $305,102.23  less  than  for  the  three 
years  preceding.  The  distress  of  the  nation  readily  accounts 
for  this. 

"  The  Committee  has  been  asked  to  consider  the  propriety 
of  a  service  for  the  Fourth  of  July,  and  believes  that  the  nation 
cannot  enter  into  all  the  spirit  of  true  patriotism  without  exer- 
cising that  love  of  God  which  should  be  associated  with  the 
love  of  country.     We  pray  that   this  nation  may  endure,  but  it 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 79 

cannot  if  the  blessing  of  Almighty  God  rests  not  upon  it.  The 
Committee  believes  that  this  nation  and  this  people  has  need 
to  be  taught,  and  that  it  is  the  duty  of  the  Church  to  guide 
the  people  of  the  land  in  this  direction.  It  will  conduce  to 
this  end,  if  on  Independence  Day  the  church  bell  calls  to  prayer 
and  a  goodly  part  of  the  day  is  spent  in  religious  exercises. 

"  Much  complaint  has  been  made  about  lay  readers  violating 
Canons  by  wearing  the  stole  and  preaching  their  own  sermons. 
The  discipline  of  the  Church  should  be  enforced,  and  the 
directions  of  the  Canons  strictly  observed.  The  clergyman 
under  whom  the  lay  reader  is  placed  should  be  held  to  strict 
account  for  infraction  of  the  law  by  his  lay  reader. 

"  Complaint  is  made  that  the  discipline  of  the  Church  is 
not  given  due  regard,  particularly  in  the  matter  of  divorce.  It 
is  of  the  utmost  importance  that  the  provisions  of  the  Canon 
on  divorce  should  be  enforced.  The  penalties  should  not  be 
lightly  regarded.  Judgments  in  one  parish  ought  to  have  equal 
weight  in  another,  when  the  guilty  party  removes  from  one 
to  another.  It  is  important  to  reiterate  the  law  of  God  con- 
cerning divorce  in  general.  No  laws  of  the  state  can  set  that 
aside  or  annul  it.  Our  people  ought  to  clearly  understand  this. 
The  Committee  earnestly  desires  strict  enforcement  of  the  Canon 
on  remarriage. 

"  The  Committee  reports  satisfactory  progress  in  ministering 
to  the  Swedes  in  our  land.  Twenty  parishes  and  missions,  seven- 
teen clergymen  and  2,530  communicants  justify  the  belief  that 
our  endeavors  in  behalf  of  the  Swedes  will  in  the  future,  as  in 
the  past,  be  abundantly  blessed. 

"The  Committee  reminds  the  youth  that  they  ought  to  exer- 
cise wise  discrimination  in  choice  of  amusements.  They  should 
recognize  that  there  are  amusements  that  for  them  would  seri- 
ously impede  their  spiritual  growth.  They  also  need  to  be 
mindful  to  abstain  from  amusements  at  times  and  seasons  ap- 
pointed by  the  Church  to  be  devoted  to  exercises  of  devotion. 
God  has  blessed  the  day  commonly  called  Sunday,  and  set  it 
apart,  and  your  Committee  would  call  attention  to  the  growing 
practice  of  spending  it  largely  in  social  enjoyments  in  the 
afternoon  or  evening,  thereby  not  only  detracting  from  the 
spiritual  benefits  of  the  day  to  themselves,  but  imposing  extra 
labor  upon  domestics. 

"  There  is  no  spiritual  growth  to  be  relied  upon  if  we  neglect 
the  provisions  of  the  Church,  and  we  ask  that  instruction  be 
given  upon  the  importance  of  not  allowing  Friday  to  be  turned 
into  a  day  of  amusements,  as  also  of  not  devoting  Holy  Week 
to  preparation  for  amusements  to  be  had  in  Easter  week, 

"  The  Committee  called  attention  to  the  great  need  for  ap- 
propriations for  the  aggressive  work  of  the  Church,  and  for  the 


l80  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

fund  for  the  relief  of  disabled  clergymen  and  widows  and  or- 
phans. The  funds  for  the  latter  ought  not  to  have  to  be  drawn 
from  the  former.  The  royalty  from  the  Hymnal  will  not  be  as 
much  in  the  future  as  it  has  been  of  late. 

"  The  interests  of  capital  and  labor  it  is  thought  and  hoped 
are  being  gradually  adjusted.  The  Church  must  ever  stand  for 
that  justice  that  will  not  permit  the  employer  to  demand  more 
than  is  due  from  the  employee,  or  the  employee  to  interfere 
with  the  rights  of  the  employer. 

"  There  should  be  more  attention  to  the  enforcement  of  the 
rubrics  in  the  worship  of  the  Church,  especially  in  the  ofifice 
of  the  Holy  Communion. 

"  The  schools  for  deaconesses  are  doing  praiseworthy  work. 
Women's  work  in  the  Church  has  come  to  be  an  important 
integral  factor.  The  more  intelligent  her  work,  the  greater  the 
benefit. 

"The  translation  of  the  Prayer  Book  into  the  languages  of 
the  various  foreigners  who  come  to  our  land  is  a  matter  of 
great  importance.  The  circulation  of  the  Catechism  in  this  way 
would  be  of  much  educational  value. 

"The  Prayer  Book  Distribution  Society  is  doing  an  excellent 
work,  and  the  Committee  recommends  that  care  should  be  taken 
to  see  that  every  child  in  the  Sunday  School  is  furnished  with 
a  Prayer  Book. 

"  Attention  is  directed  to  the  thoughtful  care  that  is  being 
taken  for  the  weak  and  suffering.  There  is  need  for  additional 
help  in  these  directions,  and  trust  funds  should  be  handled  with 
care  in  the  matter  of  securities. 

"Your  Committee  has  endeavored  to  set  forth  the  necessity 
for  a  large  increase  in  the  number  of  the  clergy.  The  onward 
spirit  of  the  Church  has  been  evinced  in  the  rapid  growth  of 
the  same.  We  may  not  refrain  from  reference  to  the  fact  just 
alluded  to,  the  teachers  must  be  competent  to  instruct  them, 
capable  of  training  them  in  their  intellectual  activities,  so  they 
may  be  grounded  in  the  Catholic  faith,  and  have  the  same 
clearly  presented  to  them. 

"We  earnestly  ask  the  Bishops  of  this  Church,  from  time  to 
time,  as  in  their  judgment  the  need  may  arise,  to  counsel  the 
Church  as  to  its  doctrines  as  well  as  its  discipline  and  worship. 
It  will  not  be  ineffectual  should  our  Bishops  be  constant  in  the 
reiteration  of  the  exposition  which  the  Church  places  on  the 
truth,  and  expects  her  disciples  to  hold  and  profess.  The  agen- 
cies of  the  Church,  the  Brotherhood  of  St.  Andrew,  Daughters 
of  the  King,  the  Church  Temperance  Society,  the  White  Cross, 
the  Girls'  Friendly  Society,  and  the  various  guilds  and  fraterni- 
ties and  orders  have  all  been  faithful  in  their  respective  spheres 
of  life,    and    the  result    of   their    efforts    and    prayers    and   their 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVEXTIO\\  iSl 

services  have  been  a  large  factor  in  the  great  advance  this 
Church  has  made  in  the  three  years  last  past. 

"  Loyalty  and  love  are  characteristic,  not  of  a  single  Diocese, 
though  pre-eminently  true  it  may  be  of  that  Diocese.  Your 
Committee  claim  then  for  the  whole  national  Church  lo}'alt}'  to 
the  faith  of  the  ages,  love  to  the  Church  so  eminently  adapted 
to  the  conditions  of  the  hour  ;  these  have  been  the  character- 
istics which  have  marked  the  Church  in  its  onward  progress 
for  Christ  and  the  people  of  this  land. 

"  We  beg  to  report  the  following  resolution  : 

"  Resolved,  that  a  copy  of  the  report  be  presented  and  trans- 
mitted to  our  reverend  fathers  in  God,  the  House  of  Bishops, 
with  the  request  that  they  issue  a  pastoral  letter  asking  for  the 
Divine  benediction." 

The  resolution  was   adopted. 


CHAPTER   XIX. 
The  House  of  Deputies. 

OCTOBER    i6tH. 

TyiORNING  Prayer  was  said  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hibbard,  of  New 
■*■'*■  Jersey,  and  the  benediction  was  pronounced  by  Bishop 
Brewer,  of  Montana.  Rev.  Dr.  Greer,  of  New  York,  presented 
report  of  the  Church  University  Board  of  Regents. 

Rev.  Dr.  Hodges,  of  Maryland,  from  the  committee  to  nom- 
inate trustees  for  the  General  Theological  Seminary,  reported 
the  following  names: 

Rev.  Dr.  Dyer,  Rev.  Morgan  Dix,  Rev.  G.  Williamson  Smith, 
Rev.  W.  S.  Langford,  Rev!  J.  S.  B.  Hodges,  S.  T.  D.,  Rev. 
Robert  N.  Merritt,  D.  D.,  Rev.  T.  Gardiner  Littell.  D.  D.,  Rev. 
Eliphalet  N.  Potter,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  Rev.  John  W. 
Brown,  D.  D.,  Rev.  Edward  D.  Cooper,  D.  D.;  Rev.  William 
Montague  Gear,  D.  D.,  and  Messrs.  T.  Elbridge  Gerry,  John 
King,  George  C.  McWhorter,  John  Chauncey,  Henry  Hayes, 
Henry  E.  Pierpont,  Walter  H.  Lewis,  Frederick  A.  Rhinelander, 
George  Zabriskie,  George  P.  Gardner,  J.  Van  Vachten  Olcott, 
Prof.  Thomas  Egleston,  Henry  Budd. 

The  list  is  the  same  as  the  last  one,  except  that  Henry 
Budd  takes  the  place  of  Rev.  Dr.   Hall,  deceased. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Perkins,  of  the  Committee  on  the  Prayer  Book, 
submitted  a  report  recommending  that  the  title  page  of  the 
Book  of  Common  Prayer  be  changed  so  that  it  will  read,  "The 
Book  of  Common  Prayer  and  Administration  of  the  Sacraments, 
and  other  rites  and  ceremonies  of  the  Church,  according  to 
American  use,  together    with   the  Psalter  or  Psalms  of  David." 

The   Rev.   Dr.   Blanchard  submitted  a  minority  report. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  183 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Groton,  of  Rhode  Island,  spoke  strongly 
against  the  proposed  change.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Faude  followed  in 
the  same  line  saying  that  it  was  inopportune  at  this  time. 

President  Dix  then  said:  If  there  be  no  objection,  the 
question  will  be  taken  upon  concurring  with  the  House  of 
Bishops  with  the  amendment  recommended  by  our  committee, 
and  on  that  question  the  vote  will  be  taken  by  Dioceses  and 
Orders. 

The  Secretary  called  the  roll  with  the  following  result: 

Clerical  vote — yeas,   19  Dioceses;  nays,  30;  divided,  3. 

Lay  vote — yeas,   12;  nays,  30;  divided,  4. 

So  the  motion  to  concur  with    an  amendment  was  lost. 

The  motion  to  concur  with  the  message  of  the  House  of 
Bishops  was  also  lost. 

THE    CHURCH    IN    SWEDEN. 

Rev.  Dr.  Christian,  of  Newark,  from  the  joint  commission 
for  considering  the  subject  of  the  regularity  and  validity  of  the 
orders  of  the  Church  in  Sweden,  read  the  following  report: 

"From  joint  commission  to  whom  was  entrusted  the  con- 
.sideration  of  the  subject  of  the  regularity  and  validity  of  the 
orders  of  the  Church  of  Sweden. 

"First.  They  find  that  there  is  a  very  strong  probability 
that  in  the  established  Church  of  Sweden  intactual  ministerial 
succession  has  been  continued  since  the  Lutheran  reformation. 

"Second.  They  also  find  that  since  that  time  the  Swedish 
Church  has  not  retained  the  three  orders  of  the  ministry,  the 
diaconate,  as  an  holy  order,  being  entirely  rejected. 

"Third.  They  further  find  that  at  the  Swedish  ordinations 
the  laying  on  of  hands  is  accompanied  by  no  words  denoting 
the  conferring  of  any  gift,  order  or  office,  nor  by  any  prayer 
for  the  descent  of  the  Holy  Ghost.  The  only  words  now  used 
(and  this  has  been  the  unvarying  custom  since  1571)  are  the 
Lord's  Prayer. 

"Fourth.  They  also  find  that  the  same  ceremony  of  laying 
on  of  hands  and  the  same  words  are  used  at  the  'ordination  to 
the  office  of  preaching,'  at  the  'installing  into  the  office  of 
Church  pastor,'  and   at  the    'installing  of    a  Bishop  into  office.' 

"Fifth.  They  also  find  that  (while  'ordination'  or  'conse- 
cration' to  the  Episcopate  is  sometimes  spoken  of  in  the  Canon 
law)  in  the  present  office  books  there  is  no  such  service,  but 
only  one  for  'installing  a  Bishop  into  office,'  which  corresponds 
almost  exactly  with  the  form  for  'installing  a  Church  pastor 
into  office.' 


1 84  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

"Your  joint  commission  could  add  other  facts,  but  they  deem 
these  sufficient  to  warrant  their  proposing  the  following  reso- 
lution: 

"Resolved,  That  while  not  giving  any  judgment  with  regard 
to  the  validity  or  otherwise  of  ordination  ministered  by  the 
established  Church  of  Sweden,  for  the  reason  that  the  subject 
is  now  before  the  Lambeth  Conference;  for  the  greater  security 
of  our  own  people  this  General  Convention  judges  it  right  that 
without  first  receiving  the  order  of  Deacon  and  afterward  that 
of  Priesthood,  with  the  undoubtedly  sufficient  form  of  words 
provided  by  our  Prayer  Book,  and  from  a  Bishop  in  commun- 
ion Avith  this  Church,  no  minister  of  the  Swedish  Church  shall 
be  allowed  to  officiate  in  any  congregation  under  the  Eccle- 
siastical jurisdiction  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the 
United  States  of  America. 

"All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted:  W.  E.  McLaren, 
Bishop  of  Chicago;  William  Stevens  Perry,  Bishop  of  Iowa;  A. 
M.  Randolph,  Bishop  of  South  Virginia;  Thomas  F.  Davies, 
Bishop  of  Michigan;  William  F.  Nichols,  Bishop  of  California; 
Henry  R.  Percival,  George  McClellan  Fiske,  G.  M.  Christian." 

This  afternoon  there  came  up  for  consideration  and  action 
one  of  the  most  important  subjects,  if  not  the  most  important, 
yet  presented  to  the  Convention,  Christian  Unity.  For  the 
union  of  the  divided  Church  of  God  pious  souls  and  faithful 
hearts,  in  every  land,  have  long  prayed.  In  lowly  cottages, 
in  village  meeting  houses,  in  lonely  churches,  in  sequestered 
hamlets,  before  gleaming  altars,  with  all  the  ceremonial  con- 
nected with  the  Holy  Eucharist,  and  on  quiet  beds  of  racking 
pain,  earnest,  faithful,  supplicating  prayers  to  the  Lord  God 
Almighty  have  been  offered,  that  the  body  of  Christ,  which  is  the 
Church,  may  again  become  one,  so  that  there  shall  be  one  faith, 
one  Lord,  one  baptism,  and  that  the  body  of  Christ,  which  is  the 
Church,  may  present  to  the  world  an  unbroken  front,  and  as  steps 
toward  this  end  thoughtful  men  have  been  meeting,  comparing 
notes  and  trying  to  unite  brethren  who  are  at  present  looking  at 
each  other  over  denominational  and  divisional  walls.  The  great 
Anglican  Conference  of  Bishops,  held  at  Lambeth  Palace, 
London,  England,  July,  1888,  set  forth  the  following  which  has 
attracted  more  attention,  probably,  in  the  English  speaking 
world  than  any  document  sent  out  since  the  Reformation,  and 
perhaps  than  any  document  since  the  reformation  of  the  Nicene 
Creed.      This  is  the  proposed  ground  of  union: 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 85 

{(7.)  The  Holy  Scriptures  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments, 
as  "containing  all  things  necessary  to  salvation,"  and  as  being 
the  rule  and  ultimate  standard  ot  faith. 

(/;.)  The  Apostles'  Creed,  as  the  Baptismal  Symbol;  and 
the  Nicene  Creed,  as  the  sufificient  statement  of  the  Christian 
faith. 

(c.)  The  two  Sacraments  ordained  by  Christ  himself — 
Baptism  and  the  Supper  of  the  Lord — ministered  with  unfailing 
use  of  Christ's  words  of  Institution,  and  of  the  elements  or- 
dained by   Him. 

(c/.)  The  Historic  Episcopate,  locally  adapted  in  the  meth- 
ods of  its  administration  to  the  varying  needs  of  the  nations 
and  peoples  called  of  God  into  the  Unity  of  His  Church. 

With  this  declaration  of  desire  for  union  and  frank  state- 
ment of  principles  on  which  the  Anglican  Communion  is  willing 
to  unite  with  members  of  other  Churches,  the  Committee  ap- 
pointed by  the  General  Convention  have  been  faithfully  at  work. 
Every  member  of  the  House  of  Bishops  and  every  Deputy  and 
Delegate  in  the  House  of  Deputies  was  deeply  interested.  Dr, 
Huntington,  who  has  given  long  and  prayerful  study  to  the  whole 
subject,  led  the  discussion.  There  had  been  a  report  of  the 
Committee  and  a  minority  report  presented,  by  the  Rev.  W.  R. 
Huntington,  D.  D.,  for  the  Committee  and  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Faude, 
for  the  minority.  The  order  of  the  day  being  upon  the  report 
of  the   Committee — 

]\Ir.  Faude  said:  I  move  that  the  resolution  of  the  minority 
of  the  Committee  be  substituted  for  the  resolution  of  the  Com- 
mittee. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington:  I  will  first  ask  the  Secretary  to 
read  the  resolution  reported  by  the  Committee. 

The  Secretary  read  the  resolution. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington:  This  is  not,  as  may  have  been 
suspected,  a  measure  in  the  interests  of  militant  Broad  Church- 
manship.  It  is  a  measure  in  the  interests  of  comprehensive 
Churchmanship.  It  is  a  measure  in  the  interests  of  American 
Catholicity.  Before  taking  up  the  direct  and  positive  side  of 
the  subject,  I  would  call  attention  to  the  fact  that  in  the  able 
and  temperate  paper  submitted  b)-  the  minority  in  opposition 
to  the  view  of  the  Committee,  two  points  are  made  which  seem 
to  be  mutually  destructive.     It  is  well  to  rid  ourselves  of  dead 


1 86  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

wood  and  surplusage.  I  call  attention  to  the  familiar  algebraic 
principle  that  when  we  find  on  two  sides  of  an  equation  quantities 
of  the  same  value  they  may  be  stricken  out.  The  minority 
tell  us,  in  the  first  place,  that  this  is  opening  the  flood  gates, 
and  that  we  know  not  what  horrible    consequences    may  ensue. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Faude:     Where  is  that,  Mr.  President? 

The  Rev.  Dr.   Huntington:     I   read  from  the  minority  report: 

"The  proposed  amendment  is  one  touching  our  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,  which  is  the  interpreter  and  bulwark  of  our 
faith  and  doctrine.  This  American  branch  of  the  Church  Catholic 
has  wisely  guarded  this  book  by  providing  that  not  only  no 
one  bishop,  not  even  the  whole  House  of  Bishops  alone,  but 
the  House  of  Deputies  acting  concurrently  with  the  House  of 
Bishops,  in  two  successive  General  Conventions,  with  an  interval 
of  three  years  and  with  a  full  knowledge  imparted  to  the  several 
Dioceses,  shall  act  on  all  changes  in  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer.  But  in  this  proposed  amendment  is  a  provision  which 
annihilates  time,  brushes  aside  the  whole  Church  in  her  legis- 
lative capacity,  and  allows  every  Bishop  to  do  at  will  what  it 
is  now  intended  he  shall  do  only  in  certain  specified  emergencies. 
Each  Bishop  would  then  be  a  law  unto  himself.  The  form  of 
administration  of  the  Holy  Communion,  for  example,  would 
very  naturally  reflect  the  'interpretation'  which  each  Bishop 
would  put  upon  that  great  sacrament." 

I  submit  that  the  phrase  "  opening  the  flood-gates  "  is  not 
an  incorrect  paraphrase  of  what  is  there  deprecated. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Faude:  But  that  is  not  all  the  gentleman 
said.  I  must  ask  him  to  quote  correctly  if  he  is  going  to 
quote  the  minority  at  all.  I  do  not  think  it  is  necessary  to 
use  a  characterization  of  any  of  the  language  that  is  employed 
in  the  minority  report.  The  gentleman  has  the  paper  before 
him,  and  he  can  quote  correctly,  if  it  is  necessary  to  quote 
at  all. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington:  I  read  further  from  the  minority 
report: 

"  We  certainly  have  enough  '  schools  of  thought ' — sometimes 
called  parties — in  the  Church  as  it  is  ;  to  open  the  door  and 
invite  more  would,  in  the  judgment  of  the  undersigned,  be 
well-nigh  suicidal. 

"  It  is  doubtful  if  any  '  congregations  of  Christian  people  ' 
would  accept  so  questionable  a  position  as  even  this  excep- 
tional legislation  would  give  them.  Clearly  they  would  not 
thus  be  received  into  the  fullness  of  the  Church's  privileges. 
While  Bishops  might  receive  them  under  their  spiritual  oversight 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 87 

the  councils  of  the  Dioceses  might  be  closed  to  them.  They 
would  stand  upon  a  different  plane  from  that  of  confirmed 
Church  people.  They  would  be,  at  the  best,  a  new  kind  of 
'  proselytes  at  the  gate  ' — a  most  humiliating  position,  and  one 
not  likely  to  be  accepted.  It  therefore  seems  to  the  undersigned 
that  so  weak  an  overture  would  defeat  its  own  ends." 

I  did  not  wish  to  be  ungracious  in  my  method  of  opening 
the  argument.  If  I  have  said  anything  at  all  that  touches  the 
sensibilities  of  the  representative  of  the  minority,  I  very  gladly 
take  it  back.  I  merely  wanted  to  call  attention  to  the  fact 
that  a  portion  of  the  argument  of  the  majority  seems  to  me 
self-destructive;  that  one  part  of  it  cancels  the  other.  The 
House  will  judge  for  itself  whether  that  general  position  was 
rightly  taken  or    not. 

Now  I  proceed  to  advocate  the  measure  itself  in  positive 
and  substantive  form  on  three  grounds.  My  discourse,  which 
must  be  brief,  shall  be  of  catholicity,  of  practicability,  and  of 
self-consistency.  I  hold  this  measure  to  be  catholic.  I  have 
no  wish  to  juggle  with  words,  or  to  palter  in  a  double  sense. 
Let  us  recognize  the  fact  that  the  word  catholic  is  one  that 
has  different  significations.  It  sometimes  means  primitive  and 
apostolic;  it  sometimes  means  comprehensive  and  all-embracing. 
I  claim  catholicity  on  both  of  these  grounds  and  under  both 
of  these  definitions  for  the  measure  in  hand.  It  is  catholic  in 
the  first  sense,  because  it  gives  to  the  Bishop  of  each  Diocese 
(I  speak  under  correction  of  those  more  learned  in  ecclesiastical 
history  than  myself)  only  such  liturgical  rights  as  can  be  shown 
to  have  belonged  to  the  Bishop  of  the  primitive  Church.  I 
might  appeal  to  the  New  Testament  practice;  I  might  remind 
you  of  what  his  duty  was  in  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles  and  the 
First  and  Second  Epistle  to  the  Corinthians.  But,  waiving 
New  Testament  argument,  I  appeal  to  primitive  Church  history 
and  ask  to  be  contradicted  if  I  am  wrong  when  I  say  that  the 
JUS  lituygicnni  in  primitive  times  was  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese. 
It  is  also  catholic  in  the  other  sense  of  the  word,  being 
comprehensive  and   all-embracing. 

I  wish  that,  as  a  preparatory  study  for  the  discussion  of 
this  question,  all  of  us  would  have  undertaken  some  perusal, 
even  a  superficial  perusal,  of  the  religious  section  of  the  census 
of  1890.  By  application  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  that 
[portion  of    the    census   can  be    rcadih^  procured,  and    a  volume 


l88  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

more  full  of  information  and  more  rich  in  suggestion  to  those 
who  would  master  the  problem  of  Church  Unity  in  the  United 
States  cannot  be  named.  We  learn  from  that  document  that 
there  are  in  this  country  about  20,000,000  communicants  of  the 
different  Christian  denominations,  Roman  Catholic  and  Protes- 
tant combined.  Of  these  20,000,000  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church  is  credited  with  about  600,000.  As  to  the  great  ma- 
jority of  this  number,  what  has  it  that  differences  it  from  us, 
and  what  has  it  in  common  with  ourselves?  We  know  per- 
fectly well  what  the  points  of  difference  are.  They  and  we 
differ  widely  in  questions  of  Church  polity.  They  and  we 
differ  widely  in  devotional  phraseology  and  in  methods  of  public 
worship.  They  differ  widely  in  their  ecclesiastical  tastes;  in 
their  arrangement  of  the  ground  plan  of  the  Church  and  their 
views  with  reference  to  its  external  adornment  and  construction. 
But,  sir,  they  and  we  have  one  thing  in  common.  I  hope  I 
shall  not  be  called  to  order  for  naming  it.  It  is  an  unfamiliar 
phrase  in  our  debates.  They  and,  we  have  in  common  the  love 
of  Christ;  our  love  and  their  love  for  Him;  His  love  for  us  and 
them.  This  is  in  their  hearts.  In  their  minds  are  the  simple 
statements  of  the  Apostles'  Creed.  I  submit  to  you,  sir,  that 
the  one  point  we  have  in  common  more  than  outweighs  all  the 
points  of  difference.  The  object  of  the  measure  before  you  is 
to  find  a  practicable  way  to  come  to  some  sort  of  better  under- 
standing with  the  smallest  portion  of  these  19,400,000  Christians. 
I  admit  that  it  is  a  very  little  way  that  it  goes,  but  it  goes  a 
little  way. 

Now,  I  pass  to  the  question  of  practicability.  I  thank  God 
that  this  Convention  meets  in  Minneapolis.  I  cannot  but  count 
it  an  indication  of  Divine  Providence  that  it  meets  in  this  par- 
ticular place,  for  in  this  particular  place  the  absolute  practic- 
ability of  this  scheme  stands  before  our  eyes.  It  has  been 
tried,  and  it  has  succeeded.  Solvitnr  ambula?ido.  An  ounce 
of  successful  experiment  is  worth  a  pound  of  theory.  That 
experiment  has  been  put  in  actual  form  and  has  succeeded  in 
the  Church  of  St.  Ansgarius,  the  Swedish  Church  in  this  city, 
only  three  years  old,  and  to-day,  if  I  mistake  not,  in  some  re- 
spects the  strongest  parish  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  the  city 
of  Minneapolis,  certainly  one  in  which  of  a  Sunday  morning 
you  will    find    a  larger  proportion  of  adult  men  than  anywhere 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  1 89 

else.  You  ask  me,  how  that  has  been  possible,  and  if  that  be 
possible  how  I  make  it  an  argument  for  an  amendment  of  the 
Constitution.  For  the  very  same  reason  that  my  brother  from 
Florida  (Mr.  Fairbanks)  has  asked  for  an  amendment  of  the 
Constitution  with  respect  to  setting  apart  a  missionary  portion 
of  the  Dioceses,  that  all  doubt  may  be  removed.  God  forbid 
that  I  should  charge  the  great-hearted  Bishops  of  the  Church 
in  this  Diocese  with  unconstitutional  acts,  but  I  do  say  that  in 
this  important  move  of  theirs  their  action  was  extra  constitu- 
tional. They  were  doing  what  the  Congress  of  the  United 
States  did  during  the  war;  they  were  reading  between  the  lines 
of  the  Constitution  what  were  known  as  war  powers,  confessedly 
not  in  it,  but  necessary  for  the  preservation  of  the  government. 
By  the  exercise  of  these  war  powers  the  Bishops  of  Minnesota 
have  set  before  our  eyes  a  working  model  of  this  scheme. 

Now,  let  me  make  myself  understood  on  another  point.  It 
is  no  part  of  this  plan  to  try  to  affect  great  denominations  as 
such.  It  considers  and  seeks  to  meet  the  case  of  sporadic 
congregations.  I  am  free  to  say  that  personally  I  have  very 
little  faith — I  say  it  with  regret,  knowing  that  we  have  with  us 
as  our  guest  the  representative  of  one  of  the  most  powerful 
denominations  in  the  land — personally,  I  have  very  little  faith 
indeed  in  the  coming  about  of  Christian  Unity  by  negotiations 
among  high  contracting  powers.  It  does  not  seem  to  me  feas- 
ible. If  that  is  what  people  mean  when  they  talk  about  iri- 
descent dreams,  I  am  not  one  of  the  dreamers.  If  you  look 
in  the  direction  of  the  Roman  Church,  I  say  it  is  impracticable 
that  there  should  be  a  treaty  between  high  contracting  powers. 

On  both  sides,  we  are  barred  off  from  corporate  unity. 
For  that  very  reason,  sir,  I  advocate  this  tentative  method  of 
finding  whether  there  be  no  sporadic  congregations  of  Christian 
folk  among  the  19,400,000  Christians  of  this  land,  who,  having 
heard  of  the  generous  attitude  taken  by  the  Anglican  Episco- 
pate at  Chicago  and  at  Lambeth  are  likely  to  come  forward 
and  say:  Those  are  terms  on  which  we  will  join  you,  if  you 
will  give  us  the  primitive  liberty  with  respect  to  worship.  It 
is  doubted  whether  there  are  any  such  Christians,  but  I  assure 
you  that  the  leaven  of  the  Lambeth  article  is  at  work,  and 
very  widely  at  work.  I  hold  in  my  hand  the  circular  letter  of 
an  organization  known  as  the  Catholic  League  of  Unity,  which 


1 90  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

numbers  among  its  signers  leading  representatives  of  seven 
Christian  denominations,  the  object  of  which  is  to  invite  the 
Christian  people  in  the  United  States  of  America  to  study 
hopefully  the  Lambeth  proposition,  including  the  historic 
Episcopate.  I  have  further  to  say  that  last  summer  the  pro- 
fessor in  one  of  the  most  conservative  of  the  non-Anglican 
theological  schools  of  this  land,  orthodox  in  the  sense  in  which 
that  phrase  is  used  in  New  England,  said  to  me,  that,  in  his 
judgment,  out  of  the  twelve  members  of  the  faculty  of  his 
school,  nine,  at  least,  were  ready  to  accept  the  Lambeth  Dec- 
laration in  its  length  and  breadth.  So  then,  sir,  much  as  it 
may  surprise  you,  the  dreamers  are  still  dreaming  and  the 
bubble  of  Church  Unity,  though  it  is  attenuated,  is  continually 
extending  and  has  not  yet  burst. 

I  come  to  my  third  point,  I  can  say  what  I  have  to  say 
on  the  score  of  self-consistency  in  a  very  few  words. 

My  point  is  that  the  Lambeth  Declaration  having  been  first 
accepted  at  Chicago — and  I  thank  God  most  profoundly  that 
it  carries  on  its  front  the  name  of  one  of  our  great  western 
cities — and  carried  over  to  England  and  accepted  there,  and 
brought  back  here,  and  after  a  long  contest  in  this  House 
accepted  as  expressing  the  belief  of  this  House  three  years 
ago,  consistency  requires  that  we  should  do  at  least  something 
to  show  that  we  mean  what  we  say.  Alread)',  on  a  commence- 
ment occasion  at  one  of  the  leading  universities  of  New 
England,  this  Church  was  publicly  taunted  with  insincerity.  I 
blush  to  think  of  it.  But,  sir,  we  have  it  in  our  own  hands. 
We  can  at  least  go  forward  and  say  we  do  not  expect  to 
accomplish  a  great  deal,  but  we  will  see  if  we  cannot  do  some- 
thing; we  will  find  out  whether  a  bridge  is  possible,  whether 
we  can  get  within  speaking  distance  of  our  fellow  Christians 
so  as  to  come  to  a  better  understanding. 

Some  of  you  will  remember  having  observed  in  England 
those  beautiful  features  of  the  rural  landscape,  the  lich-gates, 
so-called,  of  the  English  churchyards,  covered  entrances  to  the 
churchyard,  leading  up  to  the  church.  They  are  among  the 
most  beautiful  features  of  the  English  church  architecture.  A 
returned  traveller  tells  us  that,  coming  upon  one  of  these 
beautiful  modes  of  access  to  the  church,  he  was  struck  with 
the    inscription    in    letters    of    the    most    correct    Gothic    form: 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  191 

"This  is  the  gate  of  heaven,"  and  underneath,  roughly  painted 
on  a  piece  of  board,  were  these  words:  "Closed  during  the 
winter  months." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Faude:  If  it  were  simply  a  question  as  to 
whether  by  this  act,  and  this  act  alone,  we  could  restore 
Christian  Unity,  I  certainly  should  not  lift  my  voice  against  it, 
nor,  I  believe,  would  any  single  one  of  those  who  have  signed 
what  is  technically  the  minority  report  have  done  anything  to 
oppose  it. 

But,  Mr.  President,  there  are  certain  incidental  questions 
that  must  not  be  overlooked,  and  I,  for  one,  refuse  to  be  ac- 
cused of  being  opposed  to  Christian  Unity  because  I  oppose 
some  of  the  efforts  and  some  of  the  means  whereby  it  is 
proposed  to  restore  Christian  Unity.  My  objection  to  the 
particular  method  that  is  offered  by  the  proposed  amendment 
of  the  Committee  on  Amendments  to  the  Constitution  is,  in  the 
first  place,  one  that  has  to  do  with  the  Prayer  Book. 

I  submit  that,  while  we  are  not  perhaps  taking  up  the  Prayer 
Book  again,  yet  we  are,  by  one  of  those  indirect  propositions 
that  are  most  to  be  shunned  and  feared,  doing  the  very  thing 
which  not  only  the  House  of  Bishops  at  that  time,  but  the 
House  of  Deputies  and  the  whole  American  Church,  hoped 
would  not  be  done  for  many  years  to  come;  that  is  to  say,  we 
are  proposing  to    allow  almost  any  kind  of  service  imaginable. 

Without  going  over  many  of  the  other  points  which  it  might 
be  well  to  go  over,  I  wish  to  call  attention  to  one  objection 
which  was  made  by  the  chairman  of  the  committee  to  the  form 
and  language  of  the  views  of  the  minority,  that  they  were  self- 
contradictory.  Mr.  President,  I  did  not  suppose  that  it  would 
be  necessary  before  this  House  to  point  out  the  evils  of  one 
side  of  a  question  and  of  the  issue  of  it,  and  then,  on  the  other 
hand,  to  say  that  even  if  such  a  thing  were  possible,  such  and 
such  would  be  the  effect  and  the  results.  I  do  not  believe 
that  there  is  anything  self-contradictory  in  that,  nor  that  the 
members  of  this  House  have  any  misunderstanding  with  refer- 
ence to  it;  nor  does  it  seem  to  me  that  the  appeal  to  numbers, 
to  the  20,000,000  Christians  or  communicants  of  the  various 
religious  bodies  in  this  land,  and  then  contrasting  with  them 
our  own  600,000,  is    an    especially  instructive  point;  because    it 


192  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

seems  to  me  that  that  argument,  if  it  were  carried  far  enough 
back,  would  be  almost  the    destruction  of  the  Church. 

What  separates  those  who  profess  and  call  themselves  Chris- 
tians in  this  land  to-day  is  not  our  Prayer  Book;  on  the  con- 
trary, that  is  the  attraction  with  many  and  many  a  one,  all 
through  this  whole  American  Church.  What  causes  the  separa- 
tion is  something  which  lies  deeper  down  than  that;  and  when 
once  there  has  come  on  the  part  of  all  those  who  follow  Christ 
a  realization  of  the  fact  that  for  His  sake,  and  for  His  sake 
alone,  they  must  come  together  and  endeavor  to  realize  their 
brotherhood  and  their  sonship  with  the  Father,  then,  and  only 
then,  will  Christian  Unity  be  restored. 

What  I  shall  now  say  will  perhaps  not  meet  the  views  even 
of  my  friends,  and  that  is,  that  I  do  not  believe  Christian  Unity 
is  a  thing  that  we  can  hope  for  as  the  beginning  of  a  movement, 
but  rather  that  it  must  come  at  the  end  of  all  things  and  when 
the  human  heart  shall  have  become  so  fired  with  the  love  of 
Christ  that  all  differences  that  are  of  human  making  shall  be 
swept  away.  In  other  words,  the  grand  impulse  must  come 
over  the  whole  Christian  world,  and  not  simply  a  Canon  or  an 
amendment  to  a  constitution.  From  some  points  of  view  the 
idea  that  Christian  Unity  can  be  advanced  by  an  amendment 
to  the  Constitution  deserves  no  more  serious  consideration  than 
that  supposed  American  idea  that  all  the  wrongs  and  abuses 
in  the  whole  American  nation  can  be  reformed  by  the  passing 
of  a  law. 

Mr.  Mills,  of  Newark:  It  is  painful  to  me  to  oppose  any 
measure  brought  forward  by  so  distinguished  a  man  as  the 
chairman  of  this  committee  which  looks  to  Christian  Unity  and 
to  forwarding  that  Christian  love,  that  brotherhood,  which  one 
day  will  come;  and  where  the  motive  is  so  pure  as  in  this  case, 
and  the  aim  is  so  noble,  we  must,  I  think,  look  carefully  and 
see  whether  the  rule  proposed  is  the  one  likely  to  accomplish 
the  result.  It  is  because  I  do  not  think  this  method  is  likely 
to  bring  about  the  result  wished  for  that  I  oppose  it. 

It  seems  to  me  that  when  Dr.  Huntington  said  that  this 
measure  was  not  general,  but  was  meant  to  meet  special  cases, 
he  gave  away  the  argument,  if  my  view  of  the  effect  of  the 
amendment  to  the  article  in  the  Constitution  on  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer  is    correct.      You    remember   that    any  Bishop 


HISTOR'Y  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  193 

of  this  Church,  acting  with  a  Standing  Committee,  may  take 
under  his  spiritual  oversight  any  congregation  of  Christian 
people  not  theretofore  in  communion  with  this  Church,  which 
accepts  the  Apostles'  Creed  and  the  Nicene  Creed,  and  so  on. 

There  are  two  conditions:  The  first  is  that  the  congrega- 
tion accept  the  Apostles'  Creed  and  the  Nicene  Creed;  and  the 
second  is  that  the  minister  of  that  congregation  for  the  time 
being  have  Episcopal  ordination.  Those  are  the  two  con- 
ditions precedent  upon  the  action  of  the  Bishop. 

Then,  there  is  a  contract  to  be  made  by  the  minister-in- 
charge,  who  shall  covenant  to  use  in  public  worship  such  form 
or  directory  as  the  Bishop  shall  set  forth  and  authorize.  Then, 
there  is  a  proviso. 

It  seems  to  me  that  that  law  is  broad,  it  is  general,  it  does 
not  show  on  its  face  that  it  is  meant  to  apply  to  any  special 
case,  but  it  is  general  in  its  provisions,  and  wherever  any  con- 
gregation of  Christians  accepting  the  Creeds  have,  for  the  time 
being,  a  minister-in-charge  who  has  Episcopal  ordination,  that 
congregation  may  be  taken  under  the  spiritual  care  of  a  Bishop, 
and  use  any  form  of  worship  that  the  Bishop  may  prescribe, 
provided  that  the  terms  of  this  proviso  are  not  violated. 

A  message  from  the  House  of  15ishops  announcing  consent 
to  the  erection  of  the  jurisdiction  of  Northern  Texas  into  a 
Diocese,  placed  on  the  calendar. 


CHAPTER    XX. 

The  House  of  Deputies, 
october  i/th. 

REV.  V.  W.  Shields,  D.  D.,  of  Florida,  read  Morning  Prayer. 
Bishop  Grafton  pronounced  the  benediction.  Dr.  Leigh- 
ton  Parks  submitted  a  resolution  ordering  the  hymn,  "My 
Country,  'tis  of  Thee,"  to  be  placed  in  all  future  editions  of 
the  Hymnal  in  its  authorized  form.  Dr.  Beatty,  of  Kansas, 
proposed  that  as  much  of  the  report  of  the  Commission  on 
the  Revision  of  Constitution  and  Canons  as  relates  to  ordina- 
tion of  Deacons  and  Priests  be  made  the  order  of  the  day 
when  the  present  pending  orders  are    disposed  of. 

Dr.  Henry  W.  Nelson,  D.  D.,  moved  a  resolution  permitting 
the  Hymnal  and  Prayer  Book  to  be  bound  together.  Mr. 
Morehouse,  of  Milwaukee,  said  that  would  interfere  with  the 
copyright  in  the  Hymnal.  Mr.  George  William  Thomas  said 
that,  as  a  Superintendent  of  a  Sunday  School  which  had  1500 
children  in  it,  he  pleaded  for  the  resolution.  Agreed  to.  121 
said,  "Yea,"  78,  "No." 

On  motion  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Spalding,  of  California,  the 
House  proceeded  to  consider  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  the  first 
Sunday  in  November  of  every  year  be  recommended  to  the 
several  churches  of  this  Church  throughout  the  land  as  a  day 
appropriate  for  taking  up  an  offering  for  the  Clergy  Relief 
P^und. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Spalding  moved  to  amend  the  resolution  by 
striking  out  the  words,  "the  first  Sunday  in  November,"  and 
inserting,  "Quinquagesima  Sunday." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Greer  moved  to  amend  the  amendment  so  as 
to  make  the    resolution    read,    "on    Quinquagesima    Sunday,    or 


HIS^TORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  igi, 

some  other  Sunday  near  to  that  date,"  which  was  accepted  by 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Spalding,  and  the  resolution,  as  thus  amended, 
was  agreed   to. 

Dr.  Huntington  reported  a  resolution  from  the  Committee 
on  Amendments  to  the  Constitution,  which  was  agreed  to. 

Resolved,  That  the  House  concur  in  Message  No.  46,  setting 
off  a  portion  of  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota  for  a  missionary 
jurisdiction. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  of  Tennessee,  from  the  Committee 
on  Canons,  to  whom  were  referred  resolutions  respecting 
amendments  to  Title  in..  Canon  8,  Section  i..  Clause  i,  of 
"General  Clergy  Relief,"  reported  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  agreed  to: 

Resolved,  That  the  trustees  be  instructed  to  secure  a  change 
in  the  charter  of  the  society  so  as  to  provide  for  an  enlarge- 
ment of  the  number  of  trustees,  as  indicated  by  the  action  of 
the  General  Convention  of  1892. 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  Title  i.. 
Canon   ig.  Section  xii.,  be  amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

"It  shall  be  the  duty  of  a  Bishop  when  leaving  his  Diocese 
or  Missionary  Jurisdiction  for  the  space  of  three  calendar 
months,  to  authorize  by  writing,  under  his  hand,  the  Bishop- 
Coadjutor,  or,  should  there  be  none,  the  standing  committee 
of  the  Diocese  or  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  to  act  as  the  eccle- 
siastical authority  thereof;  and  in  case  of  the  temporary  disa- 
bility of  the  Bishop,  he  may  authorize  the  Bishop-Coadjutor, 
if  there  be  one,  or  the  standing  committee,  to  act  as  the 
ecclesiastical  authority: 

"Provided,  That  nothing  in  this  Canon  shall  be  so  construed 
as  to  prevent  any  Bishop  who  may  have  issued  such  authori- 
zation from  exercising  his  jurisdiction  himself,  so  far  as  the  same 
may  be  practicable,  during  his  absence  from  his  Diocese,  or 
from  permitting  and  authorizing  any  other  Bishop  to  perform 
the  episcopal  offices  for  him." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  Committee  on  Canons, 
reported  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring.  That  Title  iii., 
Canon  2,  section  iii.,  be  amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

"When  there  is  no  Bishop,  or  when  it  is  certified  in  writing 
by  at  least  two  physicians  that  the  13ishop  is  physicallj^  or 
mentally  incapable  of  performing  the  duties  of  his  office,  the 
standing  committee  shall  be  the  ecclesiastical  authority  for  all 
purposes  declared  in  these  Canons." 

Recommitted. 


196  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Church  Unity  question  again  being  the  order,  Dr.  Jewell 
made  a  brilliant  speech,  which  so  impressed  the  House  that 
when  his  time  was  up  and  Dr.  Dix  called  attention  to  that 
fact,  Dr.  Huntington  moved  that  the  time  be  extended,  and 
said  nothing  could  be  more  to  the  point.  He  thought  the 
time  had  not  yet  come  for  taking  such  action  as  the  friends  of 
the  Church  Unity  Society  desired.  He  thought  that  persons 
who  came  into  our  Church  should  not  come  over  the  walls 
but  in  through  the  door  which  the  Church  has  appointed.  He 
said  the  iron  of  division  had  entered  into  his  soul  and  no  man 
longed  for  the  union  of  Christendom  more  earnestly  than  he, 
but  our  true  wisdom  and  strength  was  to  watch  and  wait  and 
pray  that  it  may  come  in  the  Lord's  good  time. 

Rev.  Dr.  McKim  made  a  powerful  speech  in  favor  of  con- 
gregations not  of  this  Church  being  taken  into  fellowship  with 
it  on  certain  conditions  acceptable  to  the  Bishops  in  whose 
Dioceses  and  Jurisdictions  these  congregations  were.  He  said 
we  should  be  consistent,  and  Catholic  and  Christian  Unity  de- 
mands all  that  is  proposed  by  the  Committee.  Our  Bishops 
have  declared  themselves  ready  to  make  all  reasonable  conces- 
sions on  all  things  of  human  ordering  and  choice.  This  is  all 
that  is  proposed  to  be  done.  It  touches  forms  of  worship 
which  have  differed,  now  differ  and  will  differ  in  the  Catholic 
Church.  The  Pastoral  letter  of  1892  had  expressed  the  readi- 
ness of  this  Church  to  make  concessions  in  all  things  not  in- 
volving first  principles.  It  is  provided  that  there  shall  be 
nothing  in  the  worship  of  the  congregations  taken  under  Epis- 
copal care  which  is  contrary  to  the  doctrine  of  this  Church. 
It  has  been  contended  that  under  the  permissions  now  sought 
to  be  given  the  Roman  Mass  might  be  said.  No,  sir,  not  un- 
less it  is  held  that  the  Roman  Mass  is  not  contradictory  to  the 
doctrine  of  this  Church.  The  acceptance  of  the  oversight  of 
any  congregation  is  to  be  with  the  consent  of  the  Standing 
Committee  so  that  it  must  pass  their  inspection  and  in  all  the 
Dioceses  except  two  there  are  laymen  on  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee. He  said  that  liturigical  appointments  in  worship  were 
of  human  origin.  It  could  not  have  been  that  the  Church  over 
which  St.  Timothy  presided  had  in  its  service  the  prayer  of  St. 
Chrysostom,  for  he  was  not  born  until  300  years  after  St. 
Timothy  was  dead.       In   1853    the   great    Bishop  Alonzo  Potter 


HIS  TORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTIOX.  1 97 

said  that  whenever  any  congregation  was  ready  to  receive  an 
episcopally  ordained  minister,  it  ought  to  be  left  to  them 
whether  they  would  use  the  liturgy  or  not. 

At  this  point  a  message  was  received  from  the  House  of 
Bishops,  numbered  63,  stating  that  a  new  Missonary  Jurisdiction 
had  been  erected  in  the  Islands  of  Japan,  and  that  Joseph  M. 
Francis,  a  presbyter  of  the  Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  Tokio, 
had  been  elected  Bishop. 

]\Iessage  64  announced  the  election  of  the  Rev.  Peter  Trimble 
Rowe,  of  the  Jurisdiction  of  Northern  Michigan,  to  be  mis- 
sionary Bishop  in  Alaska. 

The  House  of  Bishops  and  the  House  of  Deputies  now  had 
a  joint  meeting  on  educational  report. 

The  Bishop  of  Maine  read  the  report  of  the  joint  Committee 
on  Christian  Education. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Anstice  read  the  report  of  the  Church  Uni- 
versity Board  of  Regents. 

Addresses  were  made  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Greer,  Bishop  Niles, 
of  New  Hampshire,  Rev.  Dr.  Doherty,  of  Nebraska,  Rev.  Mr. 
Tatlock,  of  Michigan,  and  Mr.   Fairbanks,  of  Florida 

Rev.  Dr.  John  Fulton  moved  a  resolution  which  was  passed 
that  the  Board  of  Church  University  Regents  be  asked  to  con- 
sider the  expediency  and  feasibility  of  uniting  the  divinity 
schools  of  the  Church  in  one  organization  as  a  Theological 
University  in  connection  with  the  General  Theological  Seminary 
of  New  York.  Many  level  headed  men  regard  this  as  one  of 
the  most  important  and  wisest  resolutions  passed.  It  would 
give  dignity  and  influence  and  many  advantages  to  the  various 
theological  schools,  and  if  such  a  combination  could  be  made 
and  there  be  one  great  Theological  University,  the  men  who 
graduated  from  it  would  gain  in  influence. 

The   House  adjourned. 

In  the  afternoon  Dr.  Spalding  moved  a  resolution  asking 
the  House  of  Bishops  to  embody  the  resolution  reciuesting  the 
yearly  collection  for  the  Infirm  Clergy  Relief  Fund  in  their 
pastoral  letter,  so  as  to  bring  its  importance  before  the  whole 
Church. 

Dr.  McKim  now  took  up  the  question  of  the  oversight  of 
congregations  not  of  this  Church  at  the  point  where  he  left  it. 
He  had  lost   none  of  his   clearness,    or   force  or  fire.       He  said 


ig8  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

consistency  demands  that  we  shall  pass  the  measure  proposed 
or  some  similar  measure.  The  argument  from  Catholicity  can 
be  urged.  I  mean  Catholicity  in  practice.  Let  us  look  to- 
ward a  nobler,  grander,  freer,  fuller  conception  of  the  Christian 
Church  which  is  indebted  to  all  historical  schools.  Dr.  Pusey, 
Frederick  Denison  Maurice  and  Charles  Simeon  have  all  done 
good  service.  Let  the  Prayer  Book  stand  as  it  is.  Let  not 
this  Church  refuse  to  open  the  door  in  the  interest  of  Christian 
Unity. 

Ur.  Cameron  Mann  followed.  He  said  it  was  not  a  question 
of  doing  away  with  sects  outside  the  Church  as  it  is  of  creating 
sects  inside.  He  did  not  believe  that  these  concessions  would 
bring  Presbyterians,  Methodists,  Baptists  and  Congregationalists 
into  closer  fellowship  with  us.  He  submitted  that  the  Prayer 
Book  is  the  great  distinctive  thing  about  this  Church,  and  if  it 
were  possible  to  ensure  the  Prayer  Book  being  used  in  its 
entirety  in  any  congregation  it  is  absolutely  certain  that  that 
congregation  would  come  to  accept  the  conditions  of  the  Church 
as  we  accept  them. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Nichols,  of  Minnesota,  said  he  would  not 
presume  to  speak  were  it  not  that  he  thought  the  question  of  min- 
istering to  Swedish  congregations  was  one  of  paramount  impor- 
tance, and  he  had  had  peculiar  responsibility  in  connection  with 
the  congregation  of  St.  Ansgarius  in  this  city,  who  had  been 
permitted,  by  the  wisdom  of  the  great  hearted  Bishops  of 
Minnesota,  to  use  their  own  home  liturgy  because  they  are 
profoundly  attached  to  it,  owing  to  the  few  years  they  have 
been  in  America;  an  attachment  whicli  we,  probably,  would 
each  and  every  one  feel  to  our  own  service  if  we  were  to  live 
in  Japan  or  in  some  other  foreign  country;  and  the  permission 
to  use  the  Swedish  liturgy,  given  by  the  Bishops  of  Minnesota, 
has  been  justified  by  the    results. 

The  Historian  may  here  remark  that  the  whole  plan  of 
dealing  with  the  Swedish  question  was  devised  by  the  Coad- 
jutor Bishop  of  Minnesota,  Bishop  Gilbert.  Those  members 
of  the  Church  who  had  been  confirmed  in  Sweden  were  not 
compelled  to  be  re-confirmed.  The  Swedish  liturgy  was  used, 
but  the  minister,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Tofteen,  has  received  holy  orders 
from  the  hands  of  American  Bishops.  Bishop  Whipple  has 
approved  every  step    which   has   been    taken,  and  the   Swedish 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVEXTIOX.  1 99 

conjrregations  in  Minnesota  are  rapidly  becoming  accustomed 
to  and  in  love  with  the  doctrine  of  the  Church.  The  one  great 
aim  of  the  clergy  and  others  who  are  responsible  for  the 
Swedish  work  is  not  only  that  it  shall  become  allied  to,  but 
assimilated  in  the  larger  thought  and  practice  of  the  general 
Church. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  McVicar  said:  As  we  have  listened  to  the 
eloquent  speeches  on  one  side  or  other,  we  may  have  been  led 
to  take  a  distorted  view  of  the  question  before  us.  When  we 
look  at  it  simply  and  quietly  it  is  not  the  very  momentous  one 
that  some  have  been  trying  to  lead  us  to  believe  that  it  is.  There 
is  no  attack  on  the  Prayer  Book  or  subtile  plan  to  undermine 
the  liturgy,  with  regard  to  its  solemn  rites  and  services.  The 
question  is  much  simpler  than  we  suppose  it  to  be.  What  is 
the  article  proposed  to  add  to  the  Constitution?  W'ithout  re- 
peating it  word  for  word,  but  only  mentioning  its  purpose,  as 
I  understand  it,  it  is  to  keep  inviolate  our  book  of  worship. 
It  is  due  to  every  congregation,  all  over  this  land,  that  the 
Book  of  Common  Prayer  and  its  services  shall  be  preserved  in 
all  its  integrity.  It  would  be  absurd  to  think  we  propose  to 
change  it  in  any  way.  It  is  not  proposed  to  introduce  into 
any  congregation  of  this  Church  a  different  manual  of  worship 
or  even  a  service  for  occasional  use  different  from  it,  or  any- 
thing of  that  sort.  The  smallest  mission  chapel  in  the  most 
out  of  the  way  districts  of  our  Church  is  not  effected  in  the 
least  by  anything  proposed  in  this  article.  Then  what  is  pro- 
posed to  be  done?  Just  this,  to  help  congregations  not  of 
this  Church  who,  here  and  there,  are  struggling  after  something 
which  we  value  and  which  we  possess,  something  beyond  even 
our  glorious  liturgy;  and  they  now  come,  not  in  great  com- 
panies, but  still  enough  of  them  to  make  us  ready  at  least  to 
listen  to  what  they  have  to  say.  Is  it  much  in  us  to  give 
when  we  say  that  we  are  willing  under  certain  conditions  that 
you  shall  have  the  oversight  and  blessing  and  counsel  of  one 
of  our  Bishops?  Wherein  have  we  made  great  concessions  in 
this  matter?  Have  we  not  rather  asked  c\er\^  congregation 
that  comes  to  us,  practically,  to  become  an  P^piscopal  Church? 
As  I  understand  it  we  have  made,  in  a  practical  wa}-,  it  pos- 
sible for  these  people  to  come  to  us.  It  has  been  said  that 
this  is  an  iridescent    dream.      Very    well;    be  it  so.      Vet   I    re- 


200  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

member  a  great  dreamer  who  was  in  the  spirit  on  the  Lord's 
day  and  had  his  eyes  opened  and  saw  the  Heavenly  Jerusalem 
descending  from  God  as  a  bride  prepared  for  her  husband. 
That  was  an  iridescent  picture  with  its  golden  streets,  its  pearly 
gates,  its  rainbow  and  its  throne.  How  unpractical  it  must 
have  looked  in  the  eyes  of  the  Christians  who  were  under  the 
persecutions  of  Nero.  Brethren,  this  dream  will  become  real 
but,  oh,  that  we  may  have  some  part  in  making  it  real. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  George  M.  Christian,  of  Newark,  was  the  next 
speaker.  He  spoke  emphatically  against  giving  any  such  power 
as  that  proposed  into  the  hands  of  individual  Bishops,  and  in 
a  straightforward,  manly  way  he  gave  his  reasons.  He  said 
that  he  had  known  bodies  of  Socinian  people  who  stood  pre- 
pared to  say  the  Nicene  Creed  by  what  sort  of  moral  obliquity 
he  could  not  tell;  but  the  fact  remains  that  they  did  say  it. 
The  mere  mechanical  statement  of  the  Apostles'  and  the  Nicene 
Creeds  is  not  sufficient  to  guarantee  that  there  shall  be  any 
kind  of  adhesion  to  Catholic  doctrine  in  its  simplest  form.  No 
great  advances  can  be  made  in  visible  Christian  Unity  with 
either  the  great  barrier  of  nonconformists  on  the  one  hand  or 
the  Roman  Catholic  Church  on  the  other.  If  the  Deputies 
could  have  read  the  correspondence  respecting  Christian  Unity 
they  would  have  seen  how  hopeless  it  is  at  present.  There 
are  religious  bodies  who  read  the  chapter  containing  the  words 
of  the  institution  of  the  Eucharist  as  a  lesson  and  then  dis- 
tribute the  bread  and  wine  to  their  congregations  sitting  in  their 
pews.  It  might  be  a  congregation  of  disaffected  Baptists  who 
wanted  to  come  and  the  Baptists  are  a  very  intelligent  body  of 
Christian  people.  Under  the  proposition  now  submitted,  there 
is  no  reason  why  they  should  not  receive  Episcopal  supervision 
and  yet  deny  the  sacrament  of  baptism  to  the  children  of  the 
congregation. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Bennett,  of  Kansas,  was  the  next  speaker. 
He  said  that  many  congregations  in  Kansas  had  left  their  old 
forms  of  worship  and  drifted  into  the  Church. 

Mr.  Biddle,  of  Pennsylvania,  pointed  out  that  the  Committee 
on  Christian  Unity  stood  evenly  divided.  He  said:  "It  pains 
me  deeply  on  this  question  to  be  in  opposition  to  men  with 
whom  I  usually  work,  such  as  Dr.  Huntington,  of  New  York, 
men   of   great   ability   and   zeal    for   the   good    of  the  Church." 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  201 

He  surprised  the  House  by  saying :  I  regret  to  see  any  ref- 
erence to  the  Lambeth  Conference.  I  believe  we  have  had 
enough  Lambeth  Conferences.  I  should  like  to  see  something 
which  would  diminish  and  destroy  the  Anglomania  which  per- 
vades, to  a  large  extent,  our  Church.  We  do  not  belong  to  the 
Anglican  communion.  Dr.  Crosby,  of  New  York,  so  far  from 
accepting  the  Nicene  Creed  had  declared  the  council  itself  to 
be  a  rather  rowdy  collection  of  people  in  a  barbarous  age.  The 
propositions  now  before  us,  if  submitted  to  an  ordinary  congre- 
gation of  Presbyterians  of  good  standing  in  New  York  or  Phil- 
adelphia, would  be  looked  upon  w^ith  the  greatest  contempt. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Rhodes,  of  Southern  Ohio,  said:  There  is 
need  for  such  a  constitutional  amendment  as  is  proposed.  A 
congregation  in  Cincinnati  shows  this  need.  There  was  a 
congregation  of  about  250  colored  people,  who,  for  various 
reasons,  became  dissatisfied  with  its  connection  with  the  Metho- 
dist Episcopal  Church.  They  came  to  the  Bishop  and  Standing 
Committee  of  Southern  Ohio  and  asked  to  be  taken  under 
Episcopal  supervision.  The  Bishop  laid  before  them  our  two 
great  Creeds  and  the  Lambeth  Quadrilateral,  all  of  which  was 
satisfactory  to  them.  The  minister  said,  *T  am  willing  to  ask 
for  Episcopal  ordination.  My  people  are  willing  to  come  into 
the  Church  and  we  will  deed  our  entire  property,  if  desired,  to 
the  Trustees  of  the  Diocese,  as  a  guaranty  that  we  will  stand 
by  the  proposition  we  make."  The  Bishop  told  them  they 
would  have  to  use  the  Prayer  Book;  they  said  they  did  not 
understand  it  and  were  not  familiar  with  its  use.  The  Bishop 
had  no  power  to  change  it  or  give  them  a  shorter  or  different 
form,  and  they  are  to-day  outside  our  Church  for  lack  of  such 
a  provision  in  the  Constitution  as  would    meet  their  case. 

The  Rev.  J.  J.  Faude  said,  in  reference  to  the  possibility  of 
the  Roman  Mass  being  used :  The  amendment  before  us  allows 
each  individual  Bishop  to  say  whether  or  not  there  is  anything 
in  the  Roman  Mass  contrary  to  the  doctrine  of  this  Church. 
With  reference  to  Swedish  confirmation  something  ought  to  be 
said.  The  Swedes  in  this  city  who  have  been  brought  into 
connection  with  this  Church  have,  as  they  believe,  received 
confirmation.  There  is  no  intention  on  their  part  to  set  aside 
the  sacramental  service,  and  I  believe  some  of  them  will,  of 
their  own  accord,  yet  ask  to  be    confirmed  in  our  Church.       It 


202  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

has  been  said  by    some  that  we  are  not  legislating^  for    Church 
people.      They  now  combat  the  Christian  Unity. 

Ur.  Huntington  said  :  Ridicule  is  more  effective  than  logic, 
and  there  is  a  great  difference  between  the  views  of  the  Holy 
Catholic  Church  entertained  by  the  lay  Deputy  from  Pennsyl- 
vania and  those  which  I  entertain.  Any  attempt  to  harmonize 
them  would  be  in  vain.  He  seems  to  think  the  Holy  Catholic 
Church  is  an  organization  into  which  only  desirable  people  are 
to  be  received.  His  idea  seems  to  be  that  the  Church  re- 
sembles a  club,  but  I  suspect  that  the  club  to  which  the  learned 
gentleman  belongs,  if  it  be  made  up  of  Anti-Anglomaniacs, 
does  not  take  the  London  papers,  and  that  may  account  for  the 
reason  why  my  venerable  friend  has  heard  nothing  of  one  of 
the  most  important  utterances  lately  made  in  London.  He 
says  no  person  of  note  or  eminence  among  the  Presbyterians 
or  other  aliens  has  indicated  any  wish  to  accept  the  proposi- 
tions of  Lambeth.  Dr.  Parker,  the  most  eminent  nonconformist 
minister  in  London,  who  has  held  the  attention  of  thoughtful 
people  for  over  twenty  years,  declared  that  if  he  could  forward 
the  cause  of  Christian  Unity  in  the  least  degree  he  would  sub- 
mit to  ordination  at  the  hands  of  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
tomorrow.  Is  it  said,  sir,  that  the  Quadrilateral  is  dead?  No, 
sir;  it  is  the  moving  square  which  has  been  found  so  effective 
in  the  British  army.  It  moves  on  to  conquest.  The  Congre- 
gationalists  in  the  National  Council  at  Syracuse  have  just  been 
discussing  Christian  Unity,  and  they  propose  alliance  with  other 
denominations  kindred  to  their  own.  The  method  proposed 
here  is  that  of  comprehension  under  leadership.  This  is  what 
I  had  the  honor  to  propose.  It  is  primative  and  Catholic. 
Something  is  the  matter  with  Church  of  P!nglandism,  and  there 
is  a  sense  in  which  Protestantism  is  a  failure;  but  look  across 
the  line  to  Canada  and  dissent  is  three  times  as  strong  as  the 
Church.  We  need  a  modified  Church  of  Englandism;  we  have 
it.  Oh,  for  an  hour  of  the  wisdom  of  William  White  or  a 
half  hour  of  his  courage.  The  word  "sporadic"  has  been  ridi- 
culed, but  if  it  can  cover  (as  my  friend  from  this  Dioce-e 
showed  that  it  could),  populations  of  600,000  people,  I  shall  not 
relinquish  it;  na)',  if  you  reduce  it  to  a  single  soul,  to  one  little 
sporadic  sheep  that  Christ  was  willing  to  go  into  the  wilderness 
until  He  found.     It  took  fifteen  years  to  accomplish  liturgical  re- 


HISTOKV  OF  GENERAL  CONVENnOX.  203 

vision;  it  took  eighteen  years  for  the  friends  of  women's  work  to 
secure  the  Canon  of  Deaconesses;  it  may  take  five  and  twenty 
years  to  secure  this  amendment  to  the  Constitution,  but  it  will 
come.  Men  will  be  raised  up  who  will  take  up  and  carry  for- 
ward the  cry.  I  was  asked  just  as  the  session  convened  this 
afternoon,  if  I  would  not  have  it  referred  to  keep  it  alive. 
You  cannot  kill  it;  it  is  the  logic  of  the  situation  and  is  written 
in  the  books  of  God. 

The  President.  The  hour  has  arrived  at  which  the  vote  is 
to  be  taken.  The  House  has  before  it  Report  No.  5  from  the 
Committee  on  Amendments  to  the  Constitution.  The  resolu- 
tion appended  to  the  report  ot  the  Committee  will  be  read. 

The  Secretary  read  as  follows: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  the  fol- 
lowing amendment  be  made  to  the  Constitution,  and  that  the 
proposed  amendment  be  made  known  to  the  several  Dioceses, 
in  order  that  it  may  be  finally  agreed  to  and  ratified  in  the  next 
General  Convention,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
Article  ix  of  the  Constitution. 

Add  to  Article  viii  of  the  Constitution  the  following,  to-wit: 

"But  nothing  in  this  article  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  re- 
strain any  Bishop  of  this  Church,  acting  by  and  with  the 
advice  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  his  Diocese  or  Missionary 
Jurisdiction,  from  taking  under  his  spiritual  oversight  any  con- 
gregation of  Christian  people,  not  theretofore  in  communion  with 
this  Church,  which  accepts  the  Apostles'  Creed  and  the  Nicene 
Creed,  and  whose  minister,  having  received  episcopal  ordina- 
tion, shall  covenant,  as  may  be  prescribed  by  Canon,  to  use  in 
public  worship  such  form  or  directory  as  the  said  Bishop  shall 
set  forth  and  authorize. 

''Provided,  such  form  or  directory  shall  contain  or  enjoin 
nothing  contrary  to  the  doctrine  of  this  Church,  shall  make 
provision  for  the  Apostolic  rite  of  confirmation,  and  shall  require 
in  the  administration  of  the  sacraments  of  Baptism  and  the 
Supper  of  the  Lord,  the  unfailing  use  of  the  words  and  ele- 
ments ordained  by  Christ  Himself;  and,  provided,  further,  that 
no  such  congregation  shall  be  admitted  into  union  with  a 
Diocesan  Convention  or  Council  until  it  shall  have  been  organ- 
ized as  a  parish  or  congregation  of  this  Church,  in  accordance 
with  canonical  requirements." 

The  Secretary  having  called  the  roll,  the  result  was  an-' 
nounced  as  follows: 

Clerical  vote — yeas,   19  Dioceses;    nays,  23;   divided,    11. 

Lay  vote — yeas,   15   Dioceses;    nays,  27;    divided,  3. 

So  the  resolution  was  rejected. 


204  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Message  No.  66  from  the  House  of  Bishops  was  read  as 
follows: 

The  House  of  Bishops  informs  the  House  of  Deputies  that 
it  has  concurred  with  the  House  of  Deputies  in  adopting  the 
resolution  contained  in  its  Message  No.  50,  recommending  a 
Sunday  for  offerings  for  the  General  Clergy  Relief  Fund. 

On  motion  the  Convention  adjourned. 


CHAPTER   XXI. 
The  House  of  Deputies. 

OCTOBER    i8tH. 

np  H  I S  morning  Holy  Communion  was  celebrated  by  the 
*  Bishop  of  Pittsburg  (Whitehead).  The  Epistle  was  read 
by  the  Rev.  Dr  Battershall,  of  Albany,  and  the  Gospel  by 
Bishop  McKim,  of  Japan. 

Ur.  Hoffman  brought  in  a  report  from  the  Committee  on 
Consecration  of  Bishops,  recommending  the  confirmation  of  the 
nomination  of  the  Kev.  Peter  Trimble  Rowe  as  Bishop  to  ex- 
ercise jurisdiction  in  Alaska. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Nelson  submitted  a  report  and  resolution  as 
follows  : 

Resolved,  That  the  Commission  on  the  Hymnal  be  continued, 
with  power  to  correct  such  errors  as  may  still  be  discovered  in 
the  book,  or  to  bring  the  hymns  of  living  authors  into  con- 
formity with  the  expressed  wishes  of  their  writers. 

Placed  on  the  calendar. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Taylor,  of  Fond  du  Lac,  submitted  the  fol- 
lowing resolution,  which  was  laid  upon  the  table: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  a  committee 
of  six,  consisting  of  two  Bishops,  two  clerical  and  two  la}^ 
Deputies,  be  appointed  to  confer  with  the  Committee  of  Ar- 
rangements, at  the  next  General  Convention,  to  arrange  for  a 
place  of  the  meeting  of   this   Convention   other  than  a  church. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  Committee  on  Canons, 
to  whom  was  referred  a  resolution  of  the  Diocese  of  Plorida, 
looking  to  the  adoption  by  this  Church  of  an  authorized  table 
of  degrees  of  kindred  and  affinity,  submitted  the  following 
resolution,  which  was  agreed  to  : 

Resolved,  That  the  resolution  of  the  Diocese  of  Plorida  be 
referred  to  the  Joint  Commission  on  the  Revision  of  the  Canons, 


206  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTION. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  Committee  on  Canons, 
to  whom  was  referred  a  proposed  amendment  to  Title  3,  Canon 
2,  Section  3,  reported  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
agreed  to  : 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  Title  3, 
Canon  2,  Section  3,  be  amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows  : 

"When  there  is  no  Bishop,  or  when  it  is  certified  in  writing 
by  at  least  two  reputable  physicians,  who  shall  have  examined  the 
case,  that  the  Bishop  is  incapable  of  giving  authority,  and  upon 
the  advice  of  two  Bishops  of  adjoining  Dioceses,  the  Standing 
Committee  shall  be  the  ecclesiastical  authority,  and  shall  retain 
such  authority  until  such  time  as,  by  like  certificate,  the  Bishop 
shall  be  declared  competent  to  perform  the  official  acts." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  same  committee,  to  whom 
was  referred  a  resolution  calling  for  the  re-presentation  of  a 
Canon  on  marriage  and  divorce,  as  presented  in  the  General 
Convention  of  i8q2,  reported  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  agreed  to  : 

Resolved,  That  the  Canon  above  noted  be  referred  to  the 
Joint  Commission  for  its  consideration. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  same  committee,  to  whom 
was  referred  a  proposed  Canon  relating  to  lay  readers,  reported 
the  following  resolution,  which  was  agreed  to  : 

Resolved,  That  the  proposed  Canon  be  referred  to  the  Joint 
Commission  on  the  Revision  of  the  Canons  for  its  consideration. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  of  Tennessee,  from  the  same  com- 
mittee, to  whom  was  referred  proposed  amendments  to  Title 
I,  Canons  7  and  10,  reported  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  agreed  to  : 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring.  That  Title  i. 
Canons  7  and  10,  Section  5,  be  amended  so  as  to  read  as 
follows  : 

"A  certificate  from  the  Bishop,  or  Bishop  Coadjutor,  declaring 
the  date  of  his  admission  and  the  character  of  his  candidate- 
ship,  and  also  a  certificate  from  the  Bishop  or  Bishop  Coadjutor, 
or  from  the  examining  chaplain,  that  he  had  passed  satisfac- 
torily his  examination  for  deacon's  orders,  as  provided  in  Title 
I,  Canon  5,  Section  2,  or  Title  i.  Canon  2,  Section  6,  clauses 
I  and  2,  as  the 'case  may  be,  provided  that,  when  such  certificate 
cannot  be  had,  other  evidence  satisfactory  to  the  committee 
shall  suffice." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  same  committee,  reported 
the  following  resolution,  which  was  agreed  to  : 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  20y 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  Title  i, 
Canon   lO,  Section   i,  {a),  be  amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

"  No  person  shall  be  ordained  priest  unless  he  be  first  recom- 
mended to  the  Bishop  for  ordination  by  the  Standing  Committee 
of  the  Diocese  or  Missionary  Jurisdiction  to  which  he  belongs. 
In  order  to  such  recommendation  he  must  lay  before  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  a  certificate  from  the  Bishop  or  Bishop  Coadjutor 
testifying  that  he  is  of  sufificient  age  to  permit  of  his  candidate- 
ship,  and  the  term  of  his  service  in  the  diaconate  shall  have 
been  completed,  and  also  a  certificate  from  the  Bishop  or  Bishop 
Coadjutor,  or  from  the  examining  chaplain,  that  he  has  passed 
satisfactorily  his  examination  for  priest's  orders,  as  provided  in 
Title  I,  Canon  6,  Section  6,  provided  that,  when  such  certificate 
cannot  be  had,  other  evidence  satisfactory  to  the  committee 
shall   suf^ce." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman  submitted  the  following  amendment 
to  the  Canons,  which  was  agreed  to : 

"  Proposed  amendment  to  Title  3,  Canon  7,  Section  i,  Art.  iv. 
Strike  out  the  words,  '  Said  council  shall  be  competent  to  take 
all  necessary  action  in  regard  to  the  missionary  work  of  the 
Church,  which  shall  not  conflict  with  the  general  policy  of  the 
l^oard  of  INIissions,  as  from  time  to  time  determined  at  its  tri- 
ennial session,'  and  insert:  'To  consider  the  missionary  work 
of  the  Church,  to  make  such  recommendations  to  the  13oard 
of  Managers  as  it  may  deem  expedient,  and  to  increase  interest 
in  the  work  of  the  Board  of  Missions.'  " 

MISSIONARY    DISTRICT    OF    KYOTO. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman  submitted  the  following  report,  and 
the  resolution  appended  thereto  was  agreed  to  : 

"  The  Committee  on  the  Consecration  of  Bishops,  to  whom 
was  referred  Message  No.  63  from  the  House  of  Bishops,  in- 
forming the  House  of  Deputies  that  it,  the  House  of  Bishops, 
has  erected  a  new  missionary  district  in  the  islands  of  Japan, 
to  be  called  the  missionary  district  of  Kyoto,  and  nominating 
the  Rev.  Joseph  M.  Francis,  a  presbyter  of  the  missionary  dis- 
trict of  Tokyo,  for  election  as  Bishop  of  the  Church,  to  exercise 
episcopal  jurisdiction  in  the  missionary  district  of  Kyoto,  beg 
leave  to  report : 

"  That  they  have  no  evidence  before  them  that  the  said 
missionary  district  has  been  erected  with  the  concurrence  of 
the  House  of  Deputies,  as  required  by  Title  i.  Canon  19,  Sec- 
tion 7,  Sub-section  i,  which  states  that  'the  House  of  Deputies 
may,  from  time  to  time,  on  nomination  by  the  House  of  l^ishops, 
elect  a  suitable  person  or  persons  to  be  a  Bishop  or  Bishops 
of  this  Church,  to  exercise  episcopal  functions  in  any  mission- 


208  IIISTORV  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

ary  station  or  stations  of  this  Church  out  of  the  territory  of  the 
United  States,  which  the  House  of  Bishops,  with  the  concur- 
rence of  the  House  of  Deputies,  may  have  designated.'  They 
therefore  report  the  following  resolution  for  adoption  by  the 
House  of  Deputies  : 

''Resolved,  That  Message  No.  63  be  respectfully  returned  to 
the  House  of  Bishops,  with  the  statement  that  this  House  has 
no  information  that  the  missionary  district  of  Kyoto  has,  as  yet, 
been  canonically  erected  with  the  concurrence  of  this  House, 
as  required  by  Title  i,  Canon  19,  Section  6,  Sub-section  i." 

SWEDISH    ORDERS. 

The  President.  The  order  of  the  day  is  now  before  the 
House,  being  the  report  of  the  Joint  Commission  on  Swedish 
Orders. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Greer,  of  New  York  :  The  report  has  been 
read,  and  I  presume  the  House  is  familiar  with  its  contents.  I 
move,  with  the  approval  of  the  members  of  the  committee  on 
the  part  of  this  House,  that  the  report  be  indefinitely  post- 
poned. 

The  motion  was  agreed  to. 

ADMISSION    OF    NEW    DIOCESES. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Maryland,  from  the  Committee  on 
Amendments  to  the  Constitution,  to  whom  was  referred  Message 
No.  56  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  proposing  an  amendment  to 
Article  v  of  the  Constitution,  submitted  a  report  recommending 
concurrence  in  the  proposition  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  with 
the  following  amendment  : 

"Insert  in  the  I2th  line  of  Article  v  of  the  Constitution, 
after  the  word  'concerned'  and  before  the  words  'as  well,'  the 
words  '  in  the  case  of  a  missionary  district  or  districts  of  the 
l^ishop  and  convocation  of  each,'  so  as  to  make  the  second 
paragraph  of  Article  v  as  proposed  to  be  amended  by  the 
House  of  Bishops,  and  by  this  amendment,  read : 

"No  new  Diocese  shall  be  formed  or  erected  within  the 
limits  of  any  missionary  district,  nor  by  the  junction  of  any 
two  or  more  missionary  districts  or  parts  of  districts  or  any 
existing  Diocese,  nor  shall  any  Diocese  be  formed  by  the 
junction  of  any  two  or  more  Dioceses,  or  parts  of  Dioceses,  or 
districts,  unless  with  the  consent  of  the  Bishop  and  Convention 
of  each  of  the  Dioceses  concerned,  as  well  as  of  the  General 
Convention,  and,  in  the  case  of  a  mission  district  or  districts, 
of    the    Bishop    and    convocation    of    each,    as    well    as    of   the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  2O9 

General  Convention,  and  such  consent  shall  not  be  given  by 
the  General  Convention  until  it  has  satisfactory  assurance  of  a 
suitable  provision  for  the  support  of  the  episcopate  in  the  con- 
templated Diocese." 

"The  object  of  the  amendment  proposed  by  your  committee 
is  to  show  clearly  and  conclusively  that  no  change  is  proposed 
in  the  second  paragraph  of  Article  v.,  except  the  change  pro- 
posed by  the  House  of  Bishops,  as  we  understand  it,  and  that 
change  is  simply  to  put  the  Missionary  District  on  a  par  with 
the  Diocese,  in  so  far  that  a  part  of  the  district  is  not  to  be 
taken  away  without  the  consent  of  the  missionary  Bishop  and 
the  Convocation,  but  that  their  consent  shall  be  given,  as  now 
the  consent  of  the  Bishop  and  the  Convention  of  the  Diocese 
is  given.  I  therefore  ask  for  the  adoption  of  the  resolution 
reported  by  the  committee,  which  is  as  follows: 

''Resolved,  That  this  House  concurs  with  the  House  of 
liishops  in  Message  No.  56,  with  the  amendment  herein  pro- 
posed." 

The  message  was  concurred  in,  with  the  amendment,  the 
vote  being  taken  by  Dioceses  and  Orders,  and  resulting  as 
follows: 

Clerical  vote — yeas,   51    Dioceses;  nays,  none. 

Lay  vote — yeas,  41;  nays,  none. 

BOARD    OF    MISSIONS. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Taylor,  of  Springfield,  submitted  the  following 
resolution,  which  was  referred  to  the  Joint  Commission  on  Re- 
vised Canons,  with  instructions  to  report  at  the  next  General 
Convention: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  the  Joint 
Commission  on  Revised  Canons  be  requested  to  amend  or  to 
recast  the  Canon  governing  the  meetings  of  the  two  Houses  as 
a  Board  of  Missions,  Title  iii,  Canon  7,  of  1892,  so  that  no 
legislative  action  shall  be  had  except  by  the  concurrent  action 
of  the  two  Houses  of  the  General  Convention. 

STANDARD    PRAYER    BOOK. 

Mr.  Morgan,  of  New  York,  submitted  the  following  resolu- 
tion, which  was  considered  by  unanimous  consent,  and  agreed  to: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  the  Joint 
Committee  on  the  Standard  Prayer  Book  be  directed  to  have 
fifty  copies  of  the  Standard  Prayer  Book  now  in  its  possession 
duly  attested  by  the  committee  and  the  presiding  officers  and 
secretaries    of    the    two    Houses    of   the  General  Convention    of 


210  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

1892,  and  deposit  the  same  with  the  custodian  of  the  Standard 
Praj'cr  Book  for  use  in  suppl\'ing  new  Dioceses  and  missionary 
districts  with  a  duly  certified  copy  of  the  Standard  Prayer 
Book. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Parks,  of  Massachusetts,  called  up  from  the 
calendar  a  resolution  heretofore  introduced  by  him,  which  was 
agreed  to,  as  follows: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring.  That  in  future 
editions  of  the  Hymnal,  the  hymn  "My  country,  'tis  of  thee" 
commonly  called  "America,"  be  inserted  in  its  authorized  form. 

On  motion  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York,  the 
House  proceeded,  with  closed  doors,  to  the  consideration  of  the 
report  of  the  Committee  on  the  Consecration  of  Bishops,  upon 
Message  No.  64  from  the  House  of  Bishops,  nominating  the 
Rev.  Peter  Trimble  Rowe  as  Bishop  of  the  missionary  district 
of  Alaska. 

The  House  reassembled  at  3  p.  m.,  and  proceeded,  with  closed 
doors,  to  the  consideration  of  Message  No.  46  from  the  House 
of  Bishops,  setting  off  the  northern  part  of  Minnesota  as  a  mis- 
sionary district.      The  doors  were  reopened  at  5  P.  m. 

A  message  (No.  72)  was  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
announcing  the  passage  of  the  following  resolution  in  reference 
to   Message  No.  48  of  the  House  of  Deputies: 

Resolved,  That,  in  the  judgment  of  this  House,  the  setting 
forth  of  a  form  of  prayer  for  use  in  the  churches  on  the  Fourth  of 
July,  annually,  is  inexpedient  at  the  present  time,  every  Bishop 
having  the  privilege  and  right  to  set  forth  a  form  for  his  own 
Diocese,  until  experience  and  comparison  may  suggest  the  best 
and  most  practical  manner  of  formulating  an  office  for  the 
Fourth  of  July  worthy  of  being  added  to  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer. 

A  message  (No.  73)  was  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops 
announcing  concurrence  in  the  resolution  contained  in  Message 
No.  49  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  and  the  adoption  of  the  fol- 
lowing resolution: 

Resolved,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  House,  the  resolution 
of  the  General  Convention  of  1871,  which  forbids  the  binding 
of  the  Hymnal  with  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  ought  not 
to  be  rescinded,  it  being  all  important  to  guard  the  popular 
mind  against  a  confusion  of  ideas  as  to  what  the  Prayer  Book 
is  and  what  is  included  in  its  contents. 

A  message  (No.  74)  was  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
concurring  with  the  House  of  Deputies  in  the  amendment  pro- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTIOX.  211 

posed  by  it  in  its  Message  No.  37  to  the  resolution  contained 
in  Message  No.  9  from  the  House  of  Bishops,  except  the  sub- 
stitution of  the  word  "Convention"  for  the  word  "Synod,"  and 
the  omission  from  Section  2  of  the  words  "having  jurisdiction" 
and  the  words  "by  reason  of  advanced  age  or  infirmity;"  and 
that  it  had  substituted  the  word  "relieved"  for  the  word  "re- 
moved," in  Section  3,  and  had  stricken  out  from  Section  6  the 
words  "within  the  limit  of  the  U.  S.,"  and  had  added  to  Section 
4  the  words  "at  any  time  before  the  final  adjournment  of  the 
Convention  then  in  session;"  and  asked  for  a  committee  of 
conference,  and  had  appointed,  as  members  of  said  committee, 
on  its  part,  the  Bishop  of  Western  New  York,  the  Bishop  of 
Kentucky,  and  the  Bishop  of  Delaware. 

On  motion,  the  message  was  concurred  in. 

A  message  (No.  yy)  from  the  House  of  Bishops  announced 
the  passage  of  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  this  House  asks  the  House  of  Deputies  for 
a  committee  of  conference  on  the  relations  of  the  two  Houses 
in  the  matter  of  messages;  and  this  House  appoints  as  mem- 
bers of  said  committee,  on  its  part,  the  Bishop  of  Quincy,  the 
Bishop  of  Maryland,  and  the  Bishop  of  New  York. 

The  request  for  a  committee  of  conference  was  granted. 

A  message  (No.  78)  from  the  House  of  Bishops,  in  relation 
to  the  setting  off  a  portion  of  the  Diocese  of  North  Carolina 
as  a  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on 
the  Admission  of  New  Dioceses. 

The  President:  The  House  will  now  proceed  to  the  next 
business  on  the  calendar,  being  the  resolution  submitted  b}'  Mr. 
Prince,  of  New  Mexico,  which  will  be  read. 

The  Secretary  read  as  follows: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Bishops  concurring,  That  in  future 
editions  of  the  Hymnal,  the  human  name  of  our  Blessed  Lord 
be  printed  "Jesus,"  without  change  or  abbreviation. 

Resolved,  That  the  foregoing  resolution  be  referred  by  the 
President  to  some  appropriate  committee  for  consideration  and 
report. 

The  Secretary  also  read  the  following  resolution  of  the  Re\'. 
Mr.  Schouler,  of  Easton: 

Resolved,  That  in  future  editions  of  the  Hymnal,  the  human 
name  of  our  Divine  Redeemer  be  given  uniformly  as  in  the  old 
Hymnal,  or,  if  not  that,  then  that  permission  be  granted  in  the 


212  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Hymnal  for  the  use  of  the  name  in  the  accustomed  form  as 
alternative. 

The  Rev.  Dr.    Hoffman    moved  to    refer   the  subject  to 
Committee  on  the  Hymnal,  to  report  at  the   next   Convent 

The  motion  was  not  agreed  to,  there  being  on  a  divisio 
ayes,  75  ;  nays,   105. 

The  House  adjourned. 


CHAPTER   XXII. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

october  19th. 

'T^HE  Committee  of  Conference  on  Messages  9  and  37  of  the 
*  House  of  Bishops,  regarding  amendments  to  the  Constitu- 
tion, was  appointed.  Dr.  Dix  named  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  Rev. 
Dr.  Parks,  of  Pennsylvania,  and  Judge  Atwater,  of  Minnesota.  On 
the  Committee  on  Relations  between  the  two  Houses,  Rev.  Dr. 
ElHott,  of  Washington,  D.  C,  Mr.  Merrick,  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  Mr.  Temple,  of  Vermont. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Nelson,  of  Virginia,  and  the  Rev^  Dr.  Hall, 
of  Long  Island,  having  gone  to  the  rest  of  Paradise,  their  places 
had  to  be  filled  on  the  Joint  Commission  on  Canons.  The 
Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  of  Tennessee,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Eccleston, 
of  Maryland,  were  appointed. 

The  Committee  on  Messages  of  the  House  of  Bishops  con- 
cerning amendments  to  the  Constitution,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hunt- 
ington, Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  Rev.  Dr.  Egar,  Rev.  Dr.  Taylor,  Rev. 
Dr.  F'ulton,  Rev.  Dr.  Fiske,  with  Messrs.  Temple,  Woolworth, 
Burgwin,  Mills,  Bennett  and  Earle.  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington  de- 
clined the  honor  of  serving,  which  called  forth  expressions  of 
regret  from  President  Dix,  who  was  himself  afterwards  asked  by 
the  House  to  take  the  place  vacated  by  Dr.  Huntington,  which 
he  did. 

Rev.  Dr.  Davenport  brought  in  a  report  that  whenever  a 
portion  of  a  Diocese  is  set  off  into  a  new  Diocese  or  Jurisdic- 
tion the  consent  of  a  majority  of  parishes  or  congregations  in 
the  part  so  set  off  shall  be  necessary,  and  consent  shall  not  be 
given  by  the  General  Convention  until  it  has  assurance  of  the 
provision    for  the    supi)ort    of   the    episcopate  of  the    proposed 


214  HISTORY  OF  GESBRAL  CONVENTION. 

new  Diocese  or  Jurisdiction.  It  was  also  recommended  that 
the  question  of  establisliing  Courts  of  Appeal  be  not  discussed. 
This  action  was  taken  in  view  of  the  lateness  of  the  time  and 
of  the  importance  of  the  subject. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Perkins  mo\-ed  to  amend  by  requesting  that 
the  Committee  on  the  Amendments  to  the  Constitution  be  asked 
to  present  to  the  next  General  Convention  a  plan  for  a  Court 
of  A{)peals  in  connection  with  or  independent  of  a  provincial 
sN'stem.      This    was  carried. 

The  report  was  made  of  the  committee  to  which  had  been 
referred  a  proposed  Canon  on  Rectors.  Wardens  and  Vestries, 
which  provides  that  in  case  of  a  vacancy  in  the  Rectorship  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Wardens  to  notify  the  Bishop  without 
dela\-  and  to  take  no  action  in  regard  to  securing  a  Rector 
until  thirt}-  days  have  passed  from  the  time  of  sending  such 
notice.  The  object  of  this  provision  is  evidently  to  give  the 
Bishop  an  opportunit\'  of  naming  to  the  \^estry  some  suitable 
man  for  Rector  and  the  opportunit}-  of  knowing  what  is  being 
done  towards  filling  the  \acanc\-.  In  the  discussion  of  this 
subject  the  Rev.  Dr.  Morrison,  of  Alban}-,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Fulton, 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Bennett,  of  Newark,  Rev.  Dr.  Ta}'lor.  of  Spring- 
field, and  the  Rev.   Dr.  Davenport,  took  part. 

Dr.  Richards.  Rhode  Island,  from  the  Committee  on  New 
Dioceses,  reported  that  it  had  considered  Message  No.  69  from 
the  House  of  Bishops,  respecting  the  setting  apart  of  a  new 
Missionary  Jurisdiction  in  Japan,  which  it  was  proposed  to  call 
the  District  of  Kyoto,  and  recommended  that  the  following 
resolution  be  passed  : 

Resolved,  That  the  House  of  Deputies  inform  the  House  of 
Bishops  it  does  not  concur  in  the  resolution  contained  in  INIes- 
sage  No.  69. 

Dr.  Harrison  presented  a  minority  rei)ort,  which  read  as 
follows : 

"  The  undersigned,  a  minority  of  the  Committee  on  the  Ad- 
mission of  New  Dioceses,  beg  leave  to  present  their  views  in 
regard  to  the  advisability  of  setting  off  a  new  ]\Iissionary  Juris- 
diction in  the  empire  of  Japan.  They  are  in  favor  of  the  House 
of  Deputies  concurring  with  the  House  of  Bishops  in  setting 
off  the  Jurisdiction  of  Kyoto,  and  for  the  following  reasons  : 

"  First.  This  is  not  an  extension  of  jurisdiction,  but  a 
question  of   properly   and    more    fully    discharging    our  duty  in 


HISTORY  OF  GhWHRAL  COXVEXTIO.W.  21  5 

tliat    for   which    we  are    held   responsible.      This    request    origi- 
nated with  the  Japanese  themselves. 

"Second.  The  proposed  Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  Kj'oto  is 
separated  from  the  Jurisdiction  of  Tokyo  by  an  English  Juris- 
diction of  more  than  three  hundred  miles  in  width.  If  we  are 
unable  to  care  for  this  work  properly,  we  arc  informed  that  the 
luiglish  Church  stands  ready  to  assume  it.  It  is  generally  be- 
lieved that  the  United  States  Government  and  our  own  Church 
stand  high  in  the  affection  of  the  Japanese  —  an  appreciation 
that  tlates  from  the  da3-s  of  Commodore  M.  C.  Perry.  We 
cannot  but  believe  that  the  failure  to  carry  out  the  wishes  of 
the  Japanese  themseh'es  would  have  a  most  discouraging  effect 
upon  the  prospects  of  the  Japanese  Church,  and  delay  its 
formation  and  establishment  for  many  years. 

"  For  these  reasons,  therefore,  we  beg  leave  to  offer  the 
following  as  a  substitute  for  the  resolution  offered  by  the  Com- 
mittee : 

''Resolved,  That  the  House  of  Deputies  concur  with  Message 
Xo.  69  from  the  House  of  Bishops,  setting  apart  the  Missionary 
Jurisdiction  of  Kvoto.  Signed — J.  B.  Harrison,  i\I.  M.  Moore, 
}.  S.   Folwell,  L. 'p.   Clarke." 

Dr.  Harrison  moved  that  this  be  substituted  for  the  report 
presented  b}-  the  Committee. 

In  reply  to  a  question,  it  was  stated  that  five  signed  the 
majority  report,  and  four  that  of  the  minority. 

]\Ir.  Morehouse,  of  IMilwaukee,  said,  "It  is  utterly  impossible 
for  an\-  man  to  efficiently  keep  the  oversight  of  such  a  work 
as  is  being  done  by  our  Church  in  Japan.  Dr.  McKim  has 
done  and  is  doing  a  noble  work,  but  we  need  more  work  such 
as  a  new  Bishop  like  him  can  do."  Mr.  Morehouse  presented  a 
map  of  Japan  showing  that  the  present  Bishop  has  to  travel  450 
miles  one  way  and  325  miles  another,  and  if  the  new  District 
is  set  apart  it  will  contain  five  million  souls.  "  It  is  not  likely 
that  the  nati\-e  Church  of  Japan  will  be  organized  in  such  a 
manner  as  to  take  care  of  its  own  affairs  for  the  next  fifteen 
years.  The  new  bishopric  has  been  objected  to  on  the  grounds 
of  expense.  Of  course  the  expenses  would  increase,  and  wise 
Churchmen  want  them  to  increase  ;  the  more  you  develop,  and 
the  more  any  work  is  prospered,  the  greater  will  be  the  ex- 
pense, and  we  need,  out  of  our  generosity,  to  give  largely  for 
the  carrying  on  of  the  Japanese  work."  The  s[)ecch  was  an  able 
presentation  of  the  grounds  upon  which  a  new  Bishop  is  asked. 

Rev.  Dr.  McVickar  followed  with  a  brilliant  speech,  in 
which    he    said  :     "  I    ha\e    been    in    Japan,    and  ha\e    seen    our 


2l6  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Church  work  there  ;  I  believe  I  have  an  intelligent  view  of  the 
situation.  There  has  sprung  up,  under  the  fostering  care  of 
the  American  and  English  Churches,  a  native  Japanese  Church, 
which  has  its  own  convocation ;  it  has  its  candidates  for  the 
niinistr)',  and  also  for  the  Episcopacy.  The  Japanese  ministry 
has  in  its  ranks  men  of  piety,  learning  and  independence. 
Japan  is  a  nation  which  has  been  born  in  a  day ;  it  is  neither 
wise  nor  right  on  the  part  of  this  Church,  or  any  other,  to  seek 
.to  foist  a  foreign  Church  upon  a  nation  which  has  a  Church  of 
its  own."  The  doctor  spoke  as  one  having  large  knowledge, 
and  as  the  Rector  of  Holy  Trinity  Church  in  Philadelphia, 
which  parish  is  now  building  a  new  church  in  Kyoto.  The 
Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York,  spoke  ably  in  the  same  line, 
and  ended  by  saying  that  what  we  need  is  a  greater  teaching 
force  in  Japan  with  a  view  to  increasing  the  native  ministry  ; 
in  this  way  we  shall  do  the  very  best  and  most  effective  work. 

The  result  of  the  vote  was  a  non-concurrence  with  the  mes- 
sage from  the  House  of  Bishops.  On  the  substitute  the  vote 
stood:  Clerical — ayes,  13;  nays  34;  divided,  5.  Lay — ayes,  9; 
nays,  26;    divided,  2. 

The  chair  then  read  Messages  Nos.  80  to  86  inclusive,  from 
the  House  of  Bishops. 

No.  80,  concerning  the  cession  of  territory  for  new  districts, 
recommended  a  three-fourths  vote  of  the  parishes  concerned, 
as  a  condition  of  consent  by  the  General  Convention.  It  was 
referred  to  the  Committee  on  Constitutional  Amendments. 

Message  81  reported  non-concurrence  in  resolution  66,  from 
the   House,  on  the  ground  of  inexpediency. 

Message  82  concurred  with  resolution  62,  from  the  House 
of  Deputies,  with  an  amendment  in  phraseology,  with  which 
the  House  concurred. 

Message  83  concurred  with  No.  60,  from  the  House  of 
Deputies,  in  regard  to  the    Missionary  Council. 

Message  84  non-concurred  with  No.  61,  from  the  House  of 
Deputies,  asking  for  the  insertion  in  the  H)'mnal  of  the  hymn, 
"My  country,  'tis  of  thee."  The  reasons  assigned  were  expense 
and  inconvenience. 

Message  85  non-concurred  with  No.  59  from  the  House, 
concerning  ordination,  on  the  ground  that  the  proposed  amend- 
ment would  induce  unnecessary  delays  in  the  way  of  ordination. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTION.  21  7 

Mr.  Biddle,  of  Pennsj'lvania,  then  made  a  motion  that  l\Ies- 
sage  No.  81  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  stating  "  incxpedience  " 
as  their  reason  for  non-concurrence  with  resolution  No.  56  of 
the  House  of  Deputies,  be  returned  to  the  House  of  Bishops, 
with  a  respectful  request  for  the  statement  of  a  more  definite 
reason.  The  hour  of  adjournment  had  already  passed,  and  Mr. 
Biddle's  resolution  was  tabled. 

A  motion  to  adjourn  prevailed,  and  the  resolution  was  not 
acted  upon. 


CHAPTER    XXII I. 

SUNDAY,  OCTOBER  20TH. 

PEARLY  Celebration  of  Holy  Communion  was  the  rule 
*-^  in  the  Churches  of  the  city,  and  a  second  Celebration  at 
many.  The  music  at  every  service  had  been  prepared  with 
care  and  was  marked  by  a  spiritual  rendition  which  lent  not 
only  beauty  but  solemnity  to  the  worship  of  the  Lord  in  His 
house.  The  reading  of  the  service  was  also  a  marked  feature 
of  the  day;  it  was  most  reverent  and  dignified.  One  devout 
woman  said,  "As  I  heard  the  Litany  I  was  moved  to  tears." 
The  sermons  were  of  a  high  order;  all  were  strong  and  clear, 
and  definite;  some  were  mighty;  in  all,  God  in  Christ  Jesus 
the  Saviour  of  men  shone  forth,  and  in  several  the  noble  ma- 
jesty of  common  life  and  work  was  seen  in  all  its  glory  and 
usefulness.  To  give  a  full  report  of  any  sermon,  much  less  of 
all  the  sermons  preached,  is  not  possible.  The  extracts  printed 
may  be  taken  as  samples  of  what  Church  people  heard  and 
enjoyed.  It  was  remarked  that  the  Church  had  upon  the  bench 
of  Bishops  many  men  of  remarkable  power  as  preachers,  and 
also  a  long  list  of  names  of  men  in  her  priesthood  who  were 
as  preachers  workmen  who  had  no  need  to  be  ashamed. 

BISHOP    SESSUMS — THE    REWARD    OF    THE    CONQUEROR. 

Rt.  Rev.  Davis  Sessums,  Bishop  of  Louisiana,  preached  in 
the  morning  at  St.  INIark's  Church,  which  was  crowded  to  the 
doors  to  hear  the  eloquent  Southerner.  His  text  was:  "To 
him  that  overcometh  I  will  give  to  eat  of  the  tree  of  life,  which 
is  in  the  midst  of  the  paradise  of  God." 

"These  words,"  he  said,  "are  the  Alpha  and  Omega  of  the 
Bible,  and  belong  both  to  Genesis  and  Revelation.  It  is  the 
great  problem  of  the  Bible.     God  drove  man  out  of  his  inher- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  2ig 

itancc  in  Eden,  then  in  the  promise  of  the  text  promised  to  bring 
him  back.     Does  that  mean  that  God  faltered  in  His  purpose? 

"It  ma)'  mean  a  great  many  things,"  he  continued,  "but 
certainly  means  this  :  That  God  is  not  jealous  of  mankind  ; 
that  the  Christian  God  is  different  from  the  pagan  idea  of  God. 
It  means  that  man  cannot  escape  God.  He  will  always  be 
brought  back.  Not,  perhaps,  to  the  sweet  \crdurc  and  plenty 
of  the  garden,  but  somewhere,  whether  in  the  arid  wastes  of 
the  desert  or  on  the  plains  of  the  north,  he  will  come  stagger- 
ing back  to  the  foot  of  the  Cross. 

"  It  means  that  God  is  not  the  adversary  of  man.  God 
once  punished  man  at  Babel,  and  caused  him  to  speak  with 
diverse  tongues.  When  again  he  caused  man  to  speak  with 
tongues  it  was  at  Pentecost.  It  came  with  the  gift  of  the 
Holy  Spirit,  and  was  given  to  men  as  a  token  that  the  Gospel 
must  be  preached  in  every  tongue. 

"  The  fall  of  Adam  and  the  death  of  Christ  on  the  cross  mean 
that  men  must  come  through  toil,  agony  and  despair  to  the 
perfection  of  life.  It  does  not  mean  that  God  wishes  to  glorify 
himself  and  minimize  man.  He  is  not  a  half-hearted,  self-de- 
feating God,  struggling  in  many  ways  to  accomplish  His  ends. 
It  is  men  that  travail  in  their  ideas  and  fall  short  of  their 
purposes — not  the  Omnipotent. 

"  It  is  not  necessary  to  have  any  extraordinary  ideas  of  the 
Fall  and  the  Incarnation.  The  first  man  represented  the  falli- 
bleness  and  w^eakness  of  man,  the  second  —  the  man  God  — 
represents  the  strength  and  righteousness    of   the    perfect    man. 

"  Righteousness  is  no  fictitious  attribute;  it  is  the  individual 
overcoming  the  sensual  nature.  The  Incarnation  was  no  after- 
thought. It  meant  that  God  became  flesh  that  He  might  claim 
humanity  for  His  own.  Christianity  meai>s  that  God  is  deter- 
mined to  bring  humanity  into  His  own  image,  the  expression 
of  God.  Though  God  was  slain  in  Christ,  He  is  still  on  earth, 
reigning  in  the  bodies  of  men,  and  though  the  final  consum- 
mation is  long  coming.  He  will  some  day  become  manifest  in 
the  perfection  of  humanity,  when  the  Son  of  God  and  the  son 
of  man  shall  be  one,  the  unification  of  God  and  man,  the  up- 
lifting of   mortality  to  the  glorious  image  of  the  divine. 

"  Sin  is  the  suffering  through  which  men  must  go  in  order 
tliat  they  may  suffer   as    God    has    suffered,  that    they    may    be 


220  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

crucified  in  the  flesh  as  Christ  was  crucified.  The  only  recom- 
pense that  man  can  offer  for  the  death  of  Christ  is  perfection 
through  suffering  and  sin. 

"  In  that  day  man  shall  be  correlated  with  the  divine  and 
shall  no  longer  waste  in  objective  absorption  of  truth,  but  the 
inner  life  of  Christ  will  become  the  actual  life  of  man,  and 
man  and  God  shall  dwell  in  the  golden  streets  together." 

BISHOP    DOANE  —  ON    INTERCESSORY    PRAYER. 

In  Gethsemane  Church  the  preacher  at  Morning  Prayer  was 
Bishop  Doane.  His  text  was  St.  Matthew,  9th  chapter,  first 
eight  verses,  —  the  story  of  the  bringing  of  the  sick  man  to 
Christ,  and  of  his  marvelous  cure.  From  this  the  preacher,  with 
great  felicity,  went  on  to  show  how  miracles  were  tokens  of  the 
love  as  well  as  power  of  Jesus.  He  said  the  taking  of  ship 
and  passing  over  to  the  other  side,  might  be  taken  to  set  forth 
the  Incarnation.  He  came  thus  to  His  own  city,  to  His  own 
world,  to  humanity.  With  a  skilful  hand  was  drawn  the  lights 
and  shades  of  the  world  to-day,  in  contrast  with  those  of  the 
world  at  the  coming  of  t^hrist.  At  the  time  of  His  birth,  chil- 
dren that  were  infirm  were  exposed  to  die ;  the  aged  people 
were  put  out  of  the  way  ;  the  races  were  in  utter  ignorance. 
Government  —  there  was  no  government  at  all,  but  the  control 
of  the  few.  Since  the  Incarnation,  there  have  sprung  up  one  by 
one  the  orphanages  and  the  homes  of  mercy ;  asylums  for  the 
insane,  the  tenderest  care  for  the  sick,  respect  for  the  aged ; 
education  has  spread  everywhere  for  the  intellectual  uplifting 
and  enlightenment  of  the  people;  and  government  —  good  gov- 
ernment and  bad  government — have  sprung  into  existence.  He 
would  not  seem  to  turn  their  thoughts  merely  into  spiritual 
direction  of  the  lessons  of  these  miracles,  but  yet  in  every  story 
read  in  the  text  one  finds  the  very  finger  of  the  Lord  Him- 
self pointing  the  way  into  the  higher  and  deeper  truths  which 
the  dear  Lord  came  on  earth  for  us  to  know.  Look  at  the 
story  in  the  text.  The  first  lesson  it  intended  to  convey  was 
evidently  that  of  the  power  of  intercessory  prayer.  It  is  the 
strongest  of  all  forms  of  prayer.  Prayer  for  oneself  is  well 
enough  ;  it  is  right  for  each  one  to  ask  for  the  daily  need 
to  be    supplied    and    for    personal  blessings,  but    the    prayer    of 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  221 

Christ  Himself  was  not  in  the  singular  number,  but  commenced 
with  the  "Our  Father."  Prayer  fills  the  very  air  we  breathe; 
it  fills  the  modern  universe  and  makes  the  atmosphere  that  con- 
nects earth  and  heaven  incessant  intercession  to  the  great 
High  Priest,  pleading  all  the  time  for  mankind.  People  ques- 
tion the  power  of  prayer,  and  ask  the  possibility  of  what  has 
been  called  the  "  professional  prayer  test."  Why,  we  can  not 
shut  prayer  out  of  anything  or  anywhere.  It  is  the  atmos- 
phere of  this  earth  just  as  in  the  atmosphere  the  sun  shines, 
and  tlie  wind  blows,  and  life  is  given  to  us.  There  is  no  place, 
clime  or  time  in  this  universe  that  it  does  not  touch  and  which 
is  not  ringing  with  this  element  of  prayer. 

This  great  lesson  of  intercessory  prayer  was  brought  forth 
in  this  miracle  in  the  figure  of  the  palsied  man;  it  represented 
one  man  bound  with  the  chains  of  sin  ;  the  man  whose  will 
power  and  moral  forces  were  so  weakened  by  disease  and  by 
disuse  of  himself  that  he  was  paralyzed — a  man  whom  things 
held  instead  of  being  held  by  him.  It  was  the  man  who  had 
lost  the  mastery  of  himself  that  was  brought  to  Christ,  brought 
by  that  incessant  element  of  intercession  that  fills  this  world. 
"The  Son  of  man  hath  power  on  earth  to  forgive  sins."  We 
had  the  lesson,  first  the  meaning  of  sin,  and  then  of  the  mean- 
ing of  salvation.  In  ninety  -  nine  cases  out  of  a  hundred  the 
question  with  men  is  how  to  escape  their  just  punishment  that 
is  due  their  sins  ;  just  as  the  coated  tongue  is  a  sign  of  inward 
disease,  these  men  would  scrape  the  tongue  to  remove  the 
disease  of  sin.  We  limited  ourselves  often  to  attempting  to 
escape  just  by  the  skin  of  the  teeth.  There  were  inward  as- 
surances of  sins  being  forgiven,  but  we  had  to  guard  against 
that  tendency  of  modern  teaching  which  would  plant  certain 
assurances  and  evidences  and  leave  them  merely  to  sensation 
and  feeling.  While  they  were  to  guard  against  too  much  of 
this  kind  of  thing,  yet  it  was  not  to  be  altogether  disregarded. 
There  were  three  things  that  Christ  told  this  sick  man  to  do 
after  he  was  healed ;  the  first  was  to  arise,  the  next  to  take 
up  his  bed,  and  the  next  to  go  to  his  house.  The  same  three 
things  had  to  be  done  by  the  converted  soul,  —  he  must  arise 
and  let  his  light  shine,  must  keep  on  in  the  Christian  walk, 
and  see  that  at  home  it  was  not  neglected. 
r 


222  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

REV.    DEAN    HOFFMAN,    D.    D. — ON    THE    SONS    OF    GOD. 

In  St.  Andrew's  Church  at  Morning  Prayer,  the  Rev.  Dean 
Hoffman  took  for  text  the  words,  "Called  to  be  sons  of  God." 
The  sermon  was  a  reflex  of  the  man,  strong,  honest,  frank, 
spiritual,  and  inspiring  on  the  common  sonship  in  creation,  and 
the  spiritual  sonship  in  regeneration  by  the  atonement  of  Jesus 
Christ.  The  Dean  set  forth  the  Church's  order,  b}'  which  men 
are  to  be  called  into  the  family  of  Christ,  in  such  a  way  that 
it  thrilled  every  heart.  Then  with  exquisite  grace  and  tender- 
ness he  showed  what  manner  of  persons  sons  of  God  should 
be;  he  appealed  powerfully  to  all  present  to  walk  worthy  of 
this  high  relationship,  and  so  be  blessings  to  all  around.  The 
service  was  so  sweet,  and  the  sermon  so  noble,  all  felt  at  the 
close  as  if  they  had  for  a  time  come  to  the  delectable  moun- 
tains of  God's  special  blessings. 

BISHOP    WALKER  —  ON    THE    TAKING    AWAV    OF    THE    LORD. 

In  the  morning  Bishop  Walker  preached  at  Holy  Innocents' 
Chapel,  from  the  words  "They  have  taken  away  my  Lord." 
In  graphic  words  he  drew  a  picture  of  that  early  morn  when 
Mary  Magdalene  visited  the  tomb  of  Jesus  and  found  it  empty; 
then  he  showed  how  to  many  men  and  women  since  then  the 
tomb  has  stood  for  desolation  and  despair,  till  they  learned  the 
mighty  truth,  that  it  had  been  left  and  its  power  vanquished. 
And  so  it  has  become  a  landmark,  a  sign  and  fact  in  proof  of 
the  risen  Lord's  divinity;  thus  it  has  been  the  vei'}'  starting 
point  of  a  new  experience,  view  and  career  of  usefulness.  It 
is  not  in  a  full,  it  is  in  an  empty  tomb,  and  a  risen  Lord;  it  is 
not  in  a  dead  past  but  a  present  full  of  new  life,  wherein  the 
old  is  put  away  and  the  new  blooms  with  beauty,  power  and 
service,  that  we  are  to  know,  to  feel  and  see  the  Christ,  the 
Son  of  God,  and  to  have  faith  in  His  might  and  in  His  name 
to  do  our  work. 

THE    POWER    OF     LOVE. 

The  Brotherhood  of  St.  Andrew  held  a  joint  meeting  in 
Holy  Trinity  Church,  of  which  the  Rev.  S.  B.  Purves  is  rector. 
Bishop  Gilbert  presided,  and  made  introductory  remarks. 

The  first  speaker  was  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hammond,  of  Wilming- 
ton,  Delaware,  a  warm  personal  friend  of  Bishop    Gilbert,  who 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTIOW  223 

has  been  prominently  identified  with  one  of  the  most  thriving 
Brotherhoods  in  the  country,  in  his  native  parish.  His  remarks 
afforded  a  brief  explanation  of  the  object  and  aims  of  the 
Brotherhood.  He  spoke  particularly  of  its  practical  Christian 
workings  and  the  principles  of  prayer  and  service  so  well 
exemplified  by  the  members  of  the  organization.  He  dwelt  at 
length  upon  the  importance  of  the  underlying  life,  which  is, 
after  all,  the  test  of  the  value  of  any  Christian  institution. 
Life  and  conduct,  he  said,  were  the  test  which  would  judge  the 
Brotherhood,  life  which  is  the  result  of  prayer  and  service  and 
effort.  All  members  of  the  Brotherhood  should  have  more 
than  mere  formal  membership;  they  should  be  spiritually  allied 
with  each  other  in  a  great  soul-saving  movement.  They  should 
be  real  disciples,  consecrated  to  all  that  is  good  and  noble  and 
pure  and  uplifting.  Above  all,  they  should  be  willing  to  do 
the  will  of  the  Heavenly  Father  and  to  fulfill  His  command- 
ments. Their  lives  should  be  great,  active  influences,  exerting 
either  consciously  or  unconsciously  some  direct  personal  influ- 
ence upon  men.  He  spoke  of  the  great  significance  of  the 
word  ''Brotherhood."  It  meant  that  the  members  were  banded 
into  a  great  organization  to  help  and  benefit  one  another.  The 
great  principle  of  interdependence  was  the  corner  stone  of  the 
organization,  and  its  motto  must  be:  "No  Man  Liveth  Unto 
Himself."  The  members  should  carr\'  out  into  the  world  as 
well  as  among  themselves  the  influence  of  Christian  character. 
They  should  be  so  consecrated  to  the  divine  truth  that  they 
will  hold  up  Christ  everywhere  in  the  dail}'  labors  that  engage 
them,  thus  spreading  the  net  of  Christian  influence  where  their 
fellow  men  may  become  snared,  and  they  themselves  become 
truly  "fishers  of  men."  To  each  one  should  come  the  truth  of 
the  words,  "I  slept  and  dreamed  that  life  was  beauty;  I  woke 
and  found  that  life  was  duty."  The  greatest  lesson  is  to  learn 
how  to  live,  and  too  few  men  learn  that  lesson.  The  influence 
that  the  Brotherhood  is  to  exert  must  be  good  and  true  and 
unselfish.  The  members  of  the  organization  must  first  conquer 
selfishness,  and  then  avoid  it  and  live  beyond  and  abo\-e  it. 
"We  are  too  apt,"  said  the  speaker,  "to  forget  our  duty  to  our 
neighbors,  and  on  the  walls  of  our  inner  lives  too  often  hangs 
the  motto,  'I  take  care  of  myself:  let  others  take  care  of 
themselves.'     He  who  sa\-s    this  misses    in    his    own    life    man)- 


224  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

little  acts  of  kindness,  and  he  misses  the  great  blessing  of 
knowing  that  it  is  better  to  give  than  to  receive.  And  into 
his  life  comes  not  that  divinest  of  benedictions,  'Inasmuch  as 
ye  have  done  it  to  the  least  of  these,  my  brethren,  ye  have 
done  it  unto  me.'  " 

Bishop  Gilbert  then  introduced  Mr.  Silas  McBee,  of  North 
Carolina,  who  he  said  was  as  solid  and  firm  in  the  work  of 
the  Brotherhood  as  the  mountains  back  of  his  North  Carolina 
home.  Mr.  McBee  is  an  earnest  speaker  and  never  fails  to 
hold  the  closest  attention  of  his  hearers.  His  talk,  while  brief, 
was  very  touching  and  effective.  He  told  a  number  of  little 
stories  to  illustrate  the  duties  of  the  Brotherhood  and  applied 
the  moral  truths  conveyed  in  a  very  telling  manner.  His 
central  thought  was  the  Christ  in  man.  He  said  that  men  fail 
to  realize  as  they  should  the  power  of  Christ  on  earth  through 
men.  Brotherhood  members  were  too  prone  to  forget  in  their 
daily  lives  the  cross  on  their  button  and  upon  their  brows,  and  to 
forget  that  they  were  holding  up  the  cross  day  by  day,  and  men 
were  judging  of  the  Christian  religion  by  the  way  in  which  these 
Brotherhood  members  were  living  in  their  daily  lives.  Their 
lives  should  be  fully  consecrated  and  hidden  with  Christ  in  God. 
"Others,"  said  Mr.  McBee,  "are  coming  through  your  life  to  know 
and  to  believe  in  Christ  if  you  will  give  them  a  chance.  You  are 
to  many,  doubtless,  the  window  through  which  they  are  seeing 
Christ.  Be  careful  what  kind  of  a  Christ  you  show  to  them. 
How  many  men  follow  us  to  church  to  find  the  silent  power  that 
they  feel  lies  in  our  lives  somewhere?  Do  any?  Are  we  not 
organized  to  emphasize  that  kind  of  Christianity?  Can  any  one 
point  to  our  daily  lives  and  say  to  his  doubting  neighbor:  '  I 
believe  in  Christianity  because  his  life  is  evidence  enough  to  me 
Christianity  is  worthy.'  Would  we  be  known  if  we  wore  not  that 
Brotherhood  button?  Would  our  lives  speak  did  we  not  belong 
to  this  society?  Are  our  lives  living  lies,  or  are  we  exempli- 
fying the  Christ  in  our  daily  acts  and  thoughts?  These  are  all 
pertinent  questions  for  us  and  we  should  ponder  upon  them 
carefully  and  prayerfully.  We  can  joy  in  living  if  we  only  feel 
that  others  are  believing  in  Christ  because  we  have  held  him 
up  so  worthily  and  well." 

The  next  speaker  was  Rev.  Dr.  Lindsay,  rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church  in  Boston.      He   spoke   of   the   great    degree    in   which 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  225 

Christianity  had  commenced  to  permeate  society  in  all  its 
functions,  and  was  no  longer  to  be  confined  within  churches 
and  creeds.  The  influence  which  Christianity  has  exerted  upon 
all  people  and  upon  civilization  is  remarkable  and  the  common 
humanity  of  the  world  is  to-day  a  splendid  thing  owing  to  the 
influence  Christianity  has  had  upon  it.  To-day  charity  perme- 
ates all  classes  of  people  and  is  world-wide,  and  all  men  feel 
more  kindly  one  toward  another,  and  men  are  more  willing  to 
help  each  other  now  than  ever  before,  all  of  which  Christian 
civilization  has  accomplished.  It  has  to  a  marxelous  extent 
mellowed  and  softened  all  human  life  everywhere.  Hospitals, 
and  all  other  institutions  that  are  for  man's  help  and  benefit, 
speak  the  praises  of  Christian  civilization.  Continuing  he  re- 
marked: 

"The  world  is  full  of  duties  and  high  obligations,  and  we 
are  all  given  a  place  to  fill  in  the  world.  Human  life  is  a 
great  blessing  because  of  the  opportunities  it  gives  us  for  do- 
ing something  to  uplift  man  and  to  advance  the  cause  of  truth 
and  righteousness.  The  silent  influence  of  character  in  daily 
life  is  more  powerful  than  we  will  ever  know.  Therefore  let 
your  life  grow  into  all  truth  and  beauty,  and  shed  so  pure  a 
light  of  love  upon  the  path  of  humanity  that  many  will  belic\e 
in  the  goodness  of  God  and  in  the  beauty  of  His    world." 

JOSEPH    BLANCHARD,    D.    D. — AT    ST.    ANDREW'S. 

At  the  four  o'clock  service  in  the  afternoon,  the  Rev. 
Joseph  Blanchard  was  the  preacher.  The  text  was:  "And 
suddenly,  when  they  had  looked  around,  they  saw  no  man  any 
more,  save  Jesus  only  with  themselves."  The  speaker  referred 
to  the  unusual  way  in  which  the  three  men  of  the  text  were 
drawn  from  their  common  life  of  toil,  to  become  constant 
companions  of  Jesus,  and  when  they  saw  the  vision  were  able 
to  comprehend  its  wonder. 

"The  experience  of  these  three  early  disciples  of  Jesus," 
said  the  speaker,  "finds  its  repetition  in  the  experiences  of 
many  of  his  late  followers.  Every  man  to  whom  religion  means 
something  more  than  a  scrupulous  conformity  to  traditions  or 
mere  doing  of  outward  duties;    everyone  to  whom  religion  is  a 


226  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

life,  a  life  of  communion,  the  great  life  of  Jesus,  must  have 
the  mountain  tops  of  vision  away  from  the  world  of  faith. 
Man  does  not  live  by  bread  alone.  He  is  more  than  an  ani- 
mal. Neither  does  he  live  by  that  which  nourishes  the  mind 
alone.  He  is  more  than  a  thinker.  He  is  a  soul.  He  loves, 
and  he  has  the  capacity  to  dwell  upon  and  be  fed  by  highest 
truth  and  love.  He  must  see  that  God  comes  very  near  to 
him,  directly  into  his  life,  or  rather  that  he  comes  very  near 
to  God." 

In  his  concluding  remarks.  Dr.  Blanchard  said:  "The  life 
of  vision  and  the  life  of  service  must  go  hand  in  hand.  We 
cannot  think  of  either  as  what  it  ought  to  be  without  the  other. 
We  must  not  think  of  those  supreme  moments  of  the  soul 
when  we  can  draw  so  near  to  the  real  glory  of  the  Life  that 
upholds  the  world,  and  is  the  source  of  all  true  character;  we 
must  not  think  of  such  an  experience  while  we  are  in  the 
flesh,  as  other  than  opportunities,  reservoirs  from  which  we  are 
to  draw  strength  for  the  daily  battle.  And  then  when  we  go 
into  that  daily  battle,  into  the  life  that  is  for  so  many  the  only 
life  they  care  for,  we  must  feel  that  what  we  see  there  and 
use,  bread,  trade  and  amusement,  shops,  and  homes,  and  offices, 
are  only  means.  They  cannot  make  us  men  and  women.  They 
cannot  satisfy  the  heart.  They  cannot  make  life  peaceful  and 
happy.  They  are  part,  a  large  part  if  you  will,  of  that  great 
experience  in  which  our  human  life  is-  getting  hold  of  the  un- 
seen life.  If  into  that  common  experience  we  walk  with  the 
Christ  life,  with  the  helpful  loving  spirit,  we  shall  be  more 
than  safe.  We  shall  be  like  the  Master,  able  to  cast  out  evil 
spirits  of  self  and  pride." 

REV.    MORGAN    DIX,    D.    D.,    D.    C.    L. — ON    CHURCH    UNITY. 

Peculiar  interest  was  felt  in  the  sermon  which  it  was  known 
Dr.  Dix  would  preach  at  Gethsemane  Church  in  the  evening;  the 
edifice  was  crowded  in  every  part  and  his  clear  words  could 
be  heard  by  everyone  present.  The  sermon  was  exactly  what 
was  to  be  expected  from  the  man;  he  in  all  he  says  and  does 
is  ever  striving  to  get  down  to  cold,  hard  facts — to  foundation 
principles;  he  is  ever  loyal  to  what  he  believes  to  be  the  truth, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  22/ 

and  is  never  for  an  instant  afraid  of  accepting  the  logical  re- 
sults of  his  faith. 

The  subject  of  his  discourse,  which  was  intended  for  Church- 
men especially,  was  "Christian  Unity,"  and  his  text  was  taken 
from  the  story  of  Esau  selling  his  birthright  for  a  mess  of  pot- 
tage. The  address  had  been  most  carefully  prepared,  and  was 
read  from  manuscript,  holding  the  closest  attention  of  his  audi- 
ence. The  gist  of  the  sermon  was  that  the  Episcopal  Church 
holds  as  a  sacred  charge  certain  gifts,  the  surrender  or  com- 
promise of  which  would  be  a  selling  of  its  birthright.  Unity 
upon  other  than  these  essentials,  would  result  in  little  advan- 
tage to  the  cause  of  the  Master,  and  would  be  of  but  short 
duration. 

"The  story  of  Esau  casting  away  his  birthright  has  been  told 
since  its  occurrence,  and  is  likely  to  be  repeated  as  long  as  men 
continue  to  barter  away  their  especial  privileges  for  wants  of  the 
present  moment.  I  shall  refer  only  to  the  privileges  we  enjoy 
as  members  of  Christ's  Church.  Have  we  as  Churchmen  a 
grand  birthright,  and  if  so,  what  is  it?  and  how  may  it  be  lost? 
Near  to  every  Christian's  heart  is  the  problem  of  the  long  lost 
unity  of  Christendom,  the  most  important  question  of  the  hour. 
The  problem  is  to  be  studied  with  fear  and  trembling,  as  a  com- 
ing together  the  wrong  way  is  sure  to  incur  perils  greater  than 
those  of  the  present  division.  While  unity  is  the  dream  of  all 
ardent  souls,  still  differences  arise  which  refuse  to  be  put  aside. 
That  the  Episcopal  Church  holds  a  peculiar  place  in  Christen- 
dom can  hardh^  be  denied.  There  is  something  here  not  to  be 
found  elsewhere,  special  privileges  and  advantages  which  belong 
to  us  as  a  birthright.  This  birthright,  I  think,  consists  in  four 
things: 

"A  clear  and  concise  statement  of  the  facts  revealed  to  man 
by  God  in  His  Word;  a  proper  observance  of  the  sacraments 
commanded  by  Christ;  the  only  essential  creed;  a  ministry  with 
power  transferred  from  the  apostles  of  Christ.  With  these 
privileges  it  would  seem  that  we  are  the  native  born  mediators 
of  reunion.  Time  was  when  the  impression  was  prevalent  that, 
while  outside  of  the  Church  was  dissention,  within  was  peace 
and  repose.  Elect  souls  were  drawn  to  us  as  to  a  place  where 
belief  was  to  be  found,  and  where  needy  souls  would  find  rest. 


228  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

It  was  regarded  as  a  system  of  practical  and  theoretical  religion, 
not  a  hospital  for  unthinking  men,  but  a  tower  of  strength  for 
believers.  We  believe  the  Scriptures  of  both  Old  and  New 
Testaments  to  be  the  Word  of  God.  We  have  always  held 
those  Scriptures  to  be  inspired  as  no  other  writings  have  been 
or  will  be  inspired.  As  to  the  creed,  it  is  not  to  be  regarded 
as  a  string  of  words  capable  of  change,  but  a  statement  of  facts, 
a  statement  so  simple  as  not  to  be  easily  misunderstood.  It 
is,  however,  not  the  words  but  the  sense  that  we  hold  to — the 
x'irgin  birth  of  Christ  and  His  resurrection  from  the  dead.  We 
have  one  Bible,  one  creed. 

"In  regard  to  the  sacraments,  have  they  a  deep  meaning,  or 
are  they  figurative,  empty  rites?  Why  are  the  elements  used 
in  the  Communion,  and  what  is  the  purpose  of  the  acts  per- 
formed? Would  the  rite  of  baptism  be  of  any  effect  without 
belief  in  the  Father,  Son  and  Holy  Ghost?  Of  what  efficacy 
would  any  of  these  be  if  Christ  is  but  a  good  man?  We  claim 
a  ministry  whose  power  has  regularly  descended  from  the 
Apostles.  In  the  Word  of  God  is  found  authority  for  a  three- 
fold ministry.  We  often  hear  the  term  historical  ministry  used, 
which  is  to  be  regarded  with  suspicion.  The  apostolic  ministry 
defines  the  system  which  gives  sonship  in  God.  These  are  our 
privileges  and  to  give  up  any  of  them  would  be  to  sell  our 
birthright  to  that  extent.  To  unite  on  other  foundations  would 
be  valueless.  When  you  find  men  willing  to  unite  upon  the 
foundation  of  the  word  of  God,  welcome  them.  Take 
heed  that  no  wrong  step  be  taken.  What  we  want  is  real 
unity,  not  a  beginning  in  compromise,  only  to  end  in  dis- 
ruption. We  have  above  us  an  authority  which  men  must 
recognize.  Do  not  oppose  final  unity  b)^  hasty  desire  for  its 
accomplishment.  What  we  have  goes  all  together  as  a  whole, 
and  must  be  accepted  in  the  spirit,  and  not  only  in  the  letter. 
If  by  God's  grace  this  Church  has  something  which  others 
have  not  by  which  it  is  fitted  to  act  as  mediator,  it  would  be 
wrong  to  so  use  these  things  as  to  render  ourselves  weak  and 
helpless.  He,  who  is  true  to  his  birthright,  holding  fast  to  the 
law  of  God,  will  see  more  clearly  in  the  coming  and  larger 
day." 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  229 

BISHOP    THOMAS    F.    GAILOR — ON     DEFE^XES    OF 
THE    FAITH. 

At  St.  Paul's  Church,  Rev.  F.  T.  Webb,  Rector,  Morning 
Prayer  being  said,  the  Coadjutor  Bishop  of  Tennessee  preached 
the  sermon.  The  large  congregation  listened  with  the  closest 
attention.  The  speaker  was  perfectly  at  home;  his  voice  was 
clear  and  sonorous,  his  face  cheerful  and  ruddy,  his  purpose 
earnest,  and  his  theme  one  of  great  practical  interest;  it  was 
the  true  defence  of  the  faith.  Bishop  Gailor  showed  how  the 
faith  held  by  the  Church  was  divine;  how  God  had  given  it 
to  his  people  to  defend,  to  keep  and  to  pass  on,  in  all  the 
splendor  of  its  beauty,  utility  and  uplifting  and  purifying 
power,  to  the  generations  following;  how  this  faith  is  historic. 
Scriptural  and  reasonable;  how  it  has  inspired  lofty  song  and 
produced  noble  character;  that  as  long  as  men  sin  and  suffer 
and  are  reformed,  changed  and  saved,  so  long  will  the  faith 
stand,  and  its  best  exposition  and  defence  will  be  in  saved 
men  and  women,  in  society  cleansed  by  the  Gospel  of  Jesus 
Christ,  the  Son  of  God  and  Saviour  of  the  world. 

THE    Y.    M.    C.    A.    SERVICE. 

Bishop  Penick  was  speaker  at  the  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association ;  there  was  a  good  attendance,  and  a  song 
service  preceded  the  address  of  the  Bishop.  The  text,  "Let  us 
make  man  in  our  own  image,"  was  taken  and  considered.  The 
speaker  said  God  made  man  upright  and  perfect;  by  sin  he 
fell,  and  conflict  has  been  the  result.  Like  Goliath  of  old, 
"Give  me  a  man  that  we  can  fight  together,"  has  often  been 
the  cry,  but  the  sound,  from  Macedonia,  "Come  over  and  help 
us,"  has  been  heard  and  answered.  Christ  did  come  to  restore 
the  lost  image  of  God  in  the  heart  of  man.  The  duty  imper- 
ative of  the  Church  is  to  make  known  the  truth  set  forth  in 
redemption;  this  is  to  be  set  forth  at  all  times,  to  all  people, 
as  God's  plan  for  the  salvation  of  men. 

ST.    BARNABAS    HOSPITAL. 

It  was  an  impressive  service  which  was  held  at  St.  Barna- 
bas' Hospital;    Bishop  Cortlandt  Whitehead  made  a  very  beau- 


230  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

tiful  address  on  the  use  of  hospitals,  and  showed  how  they  are 
in  unison  with  the  very  soul  and  genius  of  Christianity.  The 
Bishop  is  Chaplain  General  of  the  Guild  of  St.  Barnabas  for 
Nurses,  and  it  was  an  exceedingly  impressive  service,  at  which 
thirty-one  nurses  were  received  as  members  of  the  Guild.  Two 
priests  associate  were  also  received,  the  Rev.  F.  T.  Webb,  of 
Minneapolis,  and  the  Rev.  George  S.  Bennitt,  of  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 
Mr.  Webb  is  Chaplain  of  St.  Barnabas  Hospital,  and  also  Chap- 
lain of  the  Minneapolis  branch  of  the  Guild  for  Nurses.  He  has 
had  a  very  long  and  honorable  career  in  hospital  work,  having 
given  much  time,  thought  and  successful  labor  to  it  in  his  rector- 
ate  at  Helena,  Montana,  where  his  services  were  well  known  and 
highly  valued,  as  his  work  for  St.  Barnabas  Hospital  is  here. 
The  value  of  hospitals  is  often  seen  in  remarkable  ways;  it 
was  in  St.  Barnabas'  that  the  Rev.  J.  Hilliard  Ranger,  Deputy 
from  Indiana,  died,  and  was,  during  his  illness,  faithfully  min- 
istered to  by  the  Chaplain,  and  his  friend,  the  Rev.  J.  J. 
Faude. 

This  service  will  long  be  remembered  as  one  of  the  most 
memorable  held  during  the  sessions  of  the  Convention;  its 
deep  spiritual  tone,  its  exalted  ideas  of  service,  and  the  con- 
secration of  thirty-three  lives,  full  of  gift,  promise  and  conse- 
cration, to  the  help  of  the  sick  and  the  poor,  give  it  a  unique 
place  both  in  work  and  worship. 

REV.    DR.    McVICKAR  —  ON    GOD's    WORLD    AND 
man's    WORK    IN    IT. 

At  St.  Mark's  Church,  the  well  known  Rector  of  Holy 
Trinity  Church,  Philadelphia,  was  the  preacher  at  the  four 
o'clock  service.  The  text  was,  "The  earth  is  the  Lord's  and  the 
fullness  thereof,  the  world  and  they  that  dwell  therein."  The 
sermon  was  one  of  much  beauty  and  power.  The  preacher  said 
the  Creator  ever  takes  care  alike  of  the  world  and  of  man;  He 
made  both  and  is  interested  in  both;  man  in  all  times  and 
places  obtains  his  power  to  work  from  God,  whether  it  be  a 
porter  or  king;  from  highest  to  lowest,  all  alike  are  allied  to 
their  Maker,  who  is  interested  in  all  mankind  near  and  far. 
both  Christian  and  heathen.  In  this  'tis  well;  the  Jew  had  a 
mission    and    so    had    the    heathen,  who    often    disciplined    the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  23 1 

Jew.  God  does  not  use  man  for  his  own  purpose,  and  then 
throw  him  away;  every  man  who  desires  to  act  righteously 
will  find  a  way  to  God  and  be  accepted  of  Him.  We  never 
can  remember  too  well  that  all  honest  work  done  by  men  is 
God's  work  in  God's  world.  In  this  way,  all  praise  and  prayer, 
all  service  in  the  commonwealth,  shop,  or  street,  on  bench,  or 
on  the  farm,  is  work  of  God's  appointment,  and  if  done  for 
Him  will  meet  His  approval  and  be  given  its  fit  reward.  All 
work  should  be  sacred,  and  man  and  the  world  be  looked  upon 
as  belonging  to  God,  and  we  may  see  an  example  of  how 
work  is  to  be  regarded,  by  looking  how  Jesus  Christ  did  it 
and  ennobled  it. 

THE    PRAYER    BOOK    DISTRIBUTION    SOCIETY. 

Annual  meeting  in  St.  Paul's  Church.  All  present  had 
ample  information  given  of  the  work  done  by  this  society,  which 
is  one  of  the  very  best  thinkable  missionary  works  of  the  Church,, 
because  as  men  understand  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  do 
they  understand  the  Church  in  all  the  beauty  of  her  exquisite 
order,  in  the  sublimity  of  her  Divine  faith,  in  her  witness  to  the 
truth  as  it  is  in  Jesus  Christ,  and  in  her  sacramental  system, 
which  is  witness  for  Christ,  till  He  shall  come  again  to  judge 
both  the  quick  and  the  dead.  And  they  also  see  the  majestic 
order  of  the  Christian  Year.  No  written  means  of  making 
known  the  Church  has  been  found  equal  to  giving  the  Prayer 
Book  to  those  who  will  read  it  and  keep  it  to  read  in  time  of 
need.  How  large  is  the  demand  for  this  service  book  is  seen 
by  the  fact  that,  since  its  revision  three  years  ago,  a  million 
copies  have  been  published,  and  the  demand  not  only  contin- 
ues but  grows.  The  meeting  was  preceded  by  the  reading  of 
livening  Prayer,  by  the  Rev.  Geo.  C.  Foley,  of  Pa.,  after  which 
the  Bishop  of  Albany  announced  the  object  of  the  gathering,  and 
called  upon  the  Rev.  Dr.  Langford  to  read  the  first  triennial 
report. 

The  report  stated  that  the  society  was  organized  in  accord- 
ance with  Canon  9,  Title  3,  and  its  object  was  to  promote  the 
distribution  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  among  the  people 
of  the  United  States.  It  is  not  intended  to  publish  nor  to  dis- 
tribute it,  but  to  promote  and  stimulate  its  circulation  among 
the  existing  agencies.      The    society  asked  all  members  of   the 


232  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Dioceses  and  Missionary  Jurisdictions  to  do  their  utmost  in 
helping  the  work,  as  it  was  the  most  simple  and  effective  way 
of  propagating  the  gospel  of  Christ  as  received  and  believed 
by  the  Church.  It  required  but  little  machinery,  and  could  be 
engaged  in  by  all  of  the  members  of  the  Church  at  trifling  cost. 
When  the  Prayer  Book  was  once  delivered  it  made  its  own 
way  and  "stands  ready  with  its  arguments  to  instruct,  comfort 
and  help."  No  official  figures  were  before  them,  but  an  ap- 
proximate had  been  made  which  showed  that  since  the  Prayer 
Book  revision  of  1892  there  had  been  1,100,000  copies  of  the 
Prayer  Book  published.  The  outgoing  vessels  of  many  of  our 
seaport  towns  have  various  books  given  to  them,  and  it  was 
thought  that  it  would  be  a  good  thing  if  the  Prayer  Book  could 
be  added  to  the  list.  In  New  York  the  experiment  has  been 
tried  of  having  a  copy  of  the  Prayer  Book  put  in  the  principal 
hotels  and  the  result  has  been  that  there  had  been  many  re- 
quests from  all  over  the  city  to  have  the  book  put  in  other 
hotels.  The  society  had  been  enabled  to  get  the  price  of  the 
cheapest  book  reduced  from  twenty-five  cents  to  fifteen  cents, 
thus  putting  it  within  the  reach  of  the  poorest. 

The  Bishop  of  Delaware  then  spoke  on  behalf  of  the  society, 
choosing  as  his  text  the  words,  "To  do  good  and  to  distribute, 
forget  not."  He  said  that  the  aim  of  all  should  be  not  only 
to  be  good,  but  to  do  good,  and  distribute.  The  object  of  this 
society  was  to  distribute  this  book;  there  was  hardly  anything 
in  the  world  so  good  as  the  Prayer  Book  which  the  Protestant 
I^piscopal  Church  used  and  which  was  authorized  by  the  General 
Convention.  In  propagating  this  book  they  were  not  under- 
rating the  Bible,  and  it  should  be  remembered  that  the  Prayer 
Book  contained  a  large  amount  of  the  Holy  Scriptures  and  was 
the  means  of  having  them  more  systematically  read  by  the  use 
of  the  Prayer  Book.  The  objects  of  the  society  must  commend 
themselves  to  every  thoughtful  mind,  and  not  only  to  Church- 
men but  to  every  devout  Christian  who  desired  to  have  the 
Holy  Scriptures  propagated. 

The  Bishop  made  an  earnest  plea  for  a  hearty  support  of 
the  society,  showing  the  good  work  which  it  was  enabled  to  do, 
and  requested  a  more  hearty  support  for  the  cause  so  that  the 
good  work  could  go  on  increasing  in  usefulness. 


Rev.  Robert  C.  Matlack,  D.  D., 
General  Secretary  the  Evangelical  Education  Society. 


234  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Evangelical  Education  Society. 

This  Society  was  organized  by  Rt.  Rev.  Alonzo  Potter,  D.  D., 
LL.  D.,  of  Pennsylvania,  in  St.  Luke's  Church,  Philadelphia, 
as  "The  Divinity  Students'  Aid  Society,"  November  3rd,  1862. 
The  late  Rt.  Rev.  M.  A.  DeWolfe  Howe,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  was  the 
first  regular  secretary.  In  November,  1866,  several  changes 
were  made  in  the  administration  of  the  Society  and  its  present 
name  adopted,  "  to  promote  the  efficiency,  and  to  increase  the 
resources  of  this  Society."  December  nth,  1866,  the  Rev.  Rob- 
ert J.  Parvin  was  elected  secretary  and  Jay  Cooke,  Esq.,  Presi- 
dent. 

By  the  able  management,  the  energetic  work,  and  the  elo- 
quent pleading  of  the  new  secretary,  the  receipts  were  greatly 
enlarged,  and  the  Society  became  widely  and  favorably  known. 

In  December,  1868,  Mr.  Parvin  went  to  the  West  in  the 
prosecution  of  his  work.  The  first  news  of  him  was  the  report 
of  his  sudden  and  melancholy  death,  on  the  night  of  December 
4th,  1868,  by  the  burning  of  the  steamer  United  States,  upon 
which  he  had  embarked  for  Louisville,  Ky.  The  shock  to  the 
Church  in  the  sudden  removal  of  this  gifted  and  devoted  am- 
bassador of  Christ,  in  the  prime  of  life,  was  very  great.  Deep 
gloom  settled  upon  the  mind  of  those  engaged  in  the  work, 
and  depression  and  discouragement  were  almost  universal. 

Immediately  after  this  great  loss,  two  secretaries  were  elected, 
the  Rev.  Daniel  S.  Miller,  D.  D  ,  to  take  charge  of  the  office 
work,  and  the  Rev.  O.  Perinchief,  to  visit  the  Churches.  These 
able  and  faithful  men  worked  hard  for  some  time  and  then 
resigned,  as  the  Society  was  heavily  in  debt,  and  the  Board 
felt  that  bankruptcy  was  before  it. 

September  27th,  1869,  the  Rev.  Robert  C.  Matlack,  the  Rev. 
Phillips  Brooks,  D.  D.,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  John  Cotton  Smith, 
were  appointed  a  Committee  "  not  only  to  raise  funds  to  meet 
the  deficiency,  but  also  to  make  such  provision  as  would  enable 
the  work  to  go  on."  The  Committee  held  public  meetings  in 
the  chief  cities,  and  sent  out  private  appeals,  and  very  soon 
reported  that  they  had  raised  $13,000,  which  paid  all  debts  and 
left  a  good  balance  in  the  treasury.  The  success  of  this  effort 
was  so  marked  that  the  chairman  of  the  Committee  was  urged 
to  resign  his  parish  and  accept  the  general  charge  of  the 
Societ}^ 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  235 

Thus  the  Rev.  Robert  C.  Matlack,  D.  D.,  became  the  Sec- 
retary, and  has  held  the  office  ever  since,  though  once  elected 
president  of  Griswold  College,  twice  offered  the  professional 
chair,  and  even  the  highest  office  in  the  gift  of  the  Church. 
The  first  effort  made  by  the  new  secretary  was  to  enlaro-e 
the  constituency  of  the  Society  and  to  stimulate  the  generosity 
of  the  Church,  and  the  second  was  to  build  up  a  permanent 
fund,  by  the  way  of  endowed  memorials,  the  interest  of  which 
should  form  a  part  of  the  income,  and  also  to  secure  a  reserved 
fund,  upon  which  the  Society  could  call  in  time  of  need.  Both 
efforts  were  successful.  The  Secretary  visited  the  leading  P>an- 
elical  Churches  of  New  York,  Boston,  Cincinnati,  Louisville, 
Washington,  Baltimore,  etc.  Enthusiasm  was  awakened.  There 
was  a  large  increase  of  contributing  Churches  and  individuals, 
and  the  collections  of  the  Churches  were  doubled  and  quadru- 
pled, and  in  some  cases  they  were  phenomenal,  Holy  Trinity, 
New  York,  giving  $6,000;  Epiphany,  Philadelphia,  S/.OOO;  Ascen- 
sion, New  York,  $3,000. 

In  1873  came  the  great  financial  panic,  and  soon  after  the 
Reformed  Episcopal  Church  was  organized.  The  progress  of 
the  Society  was  necessarily  arrested.  The  work,  however,  has 
gone  on  steadily,  gaining  in  influence  and  power,  its  securities 
and  real  estate  having  increased  to  over  $100,000. 

The  Society  has  also  become  an  agent  for  the  free  distribu- 
tion of  books  and  tracts  to  the  missionary  clergy,  and  does  a 
large  work  in  this  direction,  which  is  of  far-reaching  influence 
in  many  ways. 

The  present  Secretary  is  a  man  whose  zeal  for  the  Society 
and  the  things  it  stand  for  is  too  well  known  to  need  praise. 
There  never  can  come  a  time  when  it  will  not  be  needful  for 
good  men  who  love  Christ  and  His  Church  to  help  young  men, 
who  have  the  gifts  fitting  them  for  the  work  of  the  holy  ministry, 
to  obtain  such  training  as  is  required,  before  they  can  be  or- 
dained. The  names  of  the  officers  of  the  Societ\-  will  inspire 
confidence  in  the  minds  of  all  who  know  the  men  named, 
because  of  their  ability,  probity,  and  devotion  to  the  interests 
of  the  kingdom  of  God.  In  a  day  when  ingratitude  so  often 
is  the  return  men  receive  for  help,  the  following  is  full  of  cheer: 

"  It  is  gratifying  to  report  that  the  needs  of  the  Society  are 
awaking  special    interest    in    some    of   those    who    have  reached 


236  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

the  ministry  through  its  aid,  resulting  in  generous  contributions 
to  our  treasury. 

"  It  is  with  great  pleasure  that  we  acknowledge  the  gift  of 
$300  from. one  of  our  students,  who  has  been  in  the  ministry 
but  a  few  'years,  and  in  charge  of  parishes  which  could  make 
but  little  return  for  his  faithful  services. 

"  Another  student  has  informed  us  that  he  proposes  to  give 
the  Society  the  half  of  the  proceeds  of  a  small  farm  as  soon 
as  it  can  be  sold. 

"Another  is  endeavoring  to  found  a  $2,500  scholarship  by 
small  earnings,  which  come  to  us  from  time  to  time." 


OFFICERS    OF  THE    SOCIETY. 

BOARD    OF  MANAGERS. 

President:  Active  Vice-President: 

Hon.  Felix  R.  Brunot.  Rt.  Rev.  O.  W.  Whitaker,  D.  D. 

Generccl  Secretary:  Treasurer: 

Rev.  Robert  C.  Matlack,  D,  D.  Alfred   Lee,  Esq. 

one  year. 

Rev.  I.  Newton  Sanger,  D.  D.,  Phila.  Rev.  Robert  C.  Booth,  New  York. 

Rev.  Thomas  Duncan,  D.  D.,  Md.  Benjamin  G.  Godfre5%  Philadelphia. 

Rev.  W.  K.  Paddock,  D.  D.,  Phila.  W.  M.  Coates,  Philadelphia. 

Rev.  John  P    Hubbard,  Phila.  Rev.  R.  H.  McKim,  D.  D.,  Washington. 

TWO  years. 

Rev.  G.  Lewis  Piatt,  S.  T.  D.,  N.  Y.  Rev.  Benjamin  Watson.  D.  D.,  Phila. 

Anson  W.  Hard,  New  York.  Rev.  W.  N.  McVickar,  D.  D.,  Phila. 

Rev.  Henry  Brown,  Chester,  Pa.  Rev.  James  S   Stone,  D.  D.,  Phila. 

Rev.  R.  A.  Edwards,  D.  D.,  Phila.  William  S.  Harvey,  Chicago. 

THREE   YEARS. 

W.  C.  Houston,  Phila.  Rev.  J.  B.  Falkner,  D.  D.,  Phila. 

Rev.  J.  E.  Grammer,  D.  D.,  Balto.  Rev.  Robert  A.  Mayo,  Phila. 

Rev.  Charles  E.  Murray,  Delaware.  Rev.  C.  Campbell  Walker,  Phila. 

John  Ashhurst,  Jr.,  M.  D.,  Phila.  Horace  Y.  Evans,  M.  D.,  Phila. 

Honorary  Vice-Presidents: 

Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  M.  Clark,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  S.  D.  Ferguson,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  C.  M.  Williams,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  M.  N.  Gilbert,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  F.  M.  Whittle,  I).  D.  Rt.  Rev.  Ethelbert  Talbot,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  W.  Hobart  Hare,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  J.  S.  Johnston,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  J.  H.  D.  Wingfield,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  Abiel  Leonard,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  T.  U.  Dudley,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  J.  M.  Kendrick,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  A.  Jaggar,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  Boyd  Vincent.  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  Charles  C.  Penick,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  A.  R.  Graves,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  S.  I.  J.  Schereshewsky,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  E.  R.  Atwill,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  Geo.  W.  Peterkin,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  H.  M.  Jackson,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  L.  R.  Brewer,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  F.  K.  Brooke,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  W.  M.  Barker,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  G.  H.  Kinsolving,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  Ellison  Capers,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  T.  J.  Holly,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  A.  M.  Randolph,  D.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  John  McKim,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  D.  Walker,  S.  T.  D.  Rt.  Rev.  Lemuel  H.  Wells,  D.  D. 

Rt.  Rev.  George  Worthington,  D.  D.  Rev.  Heman  Dyer,  D.  D. 

Rev.  E.  T.  Perkins,  D.  D.  Charles  Markell. 

Rev.  Thomas  F.  Fales.  R.  A.  Robinson. 

Hon.  R.  C.  Winthrop.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan. 


HISTORY  OF  GEXERAL  COWEXTIOX.  237 

Honorary  Secretaries: 

Rev.  W.  W.  Spear,  D.  D.  Rev.  J.  C.  White,  D.  D. 

Rev.  Asa  Dalton,  D.  D.  Rev.  C.  C.  Pinckney,  D.  D. 

Rev.  David  H.  Greer,  D.  D.  Rev.  H.  D.  Lathrop,  D.  D. 

Rev.  J.  G.  Bacchus,  D.  D.  Rev.  Joseph  Packard,  D.  D. 

Rev.  W.  H.  Neilson,  D.  D.  Rev.  Wm.  P.  Orrick,  D.  D. 

Rev.  T.  G.  Addison,  D.  D.  Rev.  \V.  S.  Langford,  D.  D. 

Rev.  Cyrus  S.  Bates,  D.  D.  Rev.  R.  F.  Alsop.  D.  D. 

FORM    OF    BEQUEST. 


I  give  and  bequeath  to  the  Protestant  Evangelical  Society  of 

the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  Dollars 

Real  Estate  for  the  general  purposes  of  the  Society. 


EXPECTED  RETURN. 

Rule  X.  The  beneficiary  is  expected,  when  he  enters  the 
ministry,  to  aid  the  Society  by  annual  collections  in  his  church,  and 
otherit'ise,  in  return  for  the  money  it  has  expended  upon  his 
education,  and  to  enable  the  Society  to  aid  others  who  are 
seeking  the  ministry,  and  to  enlarge  its  general  work. 

DISTINCTIVE     PRINCIPLES. 

The  Ei'angelical  Education  Society  represents  moderate  views  of 
the  Church,  the  ministry,  and  the  Sacraments,  which  it  would 
emphasize  and  proclaim,  in  the  pulpit  and  by  the  press,  as  all 
important  to  the  purity  and  power  of  the  Church.  They  are 
briefly: 

First.  The  Holy  Scriptures,  the  sole  authoritative  code  of 
doctrine  and  rule  of  life. 

Second.  The  justification  of  man  before  God,  solely  through 
faith  in  the  work  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

Third.  The  Priesthood  of  Christ,  the  onh'  necessary  medi- 
ation between  God  and  man. 

Fo2irtJi.  The  Hoh^  Ghost,  the  author  and  gi\'er  of  all  spiritual 
life,  and  of  acceptable  worship  and  service. 

Fifth.  The  Church  Universal,  the  m3'stical  body  of  Christ, 
which  is  "the  blessed  company  of  all  faithful  people." 

Sixth.  Episcopacy,  important  to  the  well-being  of  the  visi- 
ble Church,  but  not  essential  to  its  existence. 

We  have  no  sympathy  with  that  modern  cant  which  makes 
such  a  bugbear  of  dogma  or  doctrine,  and  declares,   "It  matters 


238  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

little  what  a  man  believes,  if  he  is  sincere  and  loyal  to  Christ. 
It  is  a  man's  life,  and  not  his  creed,  that  God   regards." 

This  is  no  liberality,  but  looseness  and  indifference  to  what 
God  has  seen  fit  to  reveal  as  essential  to  right  conduct,  saying, 
"As  a  man  thinketh,  so  is  he."  "Take  heed  to  thyself  and  to 
the  doctrine."  "Earnestly  contend  for  the  faith  once  deliv- 
ered." Indeed,  this  divorce  of  life  from  dogma  is  illogical 
nonsense.  "Loyalty  to  Christ"  is  dependent  upon  a  knowledge 
and  appreciation  of  His  character  and  Vv^ork,  and  correct  opin- 
ions of  the  same,  and  this  is  dogma.  We  cannot  be  loyal  to 
myths  and  fables,  but  to  facts  and  realities.  It  is  true  that  the 
great  question  of  God  to  every  man  is,  "  What  is  your  life  ?" 
and  the  final  test  of  the  day  of  judgment  will  be,  "  What  have 
you  done  for  me  ?"  This,  again,  supposes  a  knowledge  of  our 
obligations  and  duties  to  God's  revealed  laws,  under  which  we 
have  lived,  and  this  is  a  dogma. 

We  endeavor  to  be  as  broad  and  liberal  as  the  gospel  of 
salvation,  but  it  certainly  has  very  distinct  limitations. 

The  Society  held  its  thirty-third  yearly  meeting  in  St.  Mark's 
Church.  There  was  a  very  large  attendance.  The  opening 
service  was  conducted  by  the  Rector,  the  Rev.  Harry  P.  Nichols. 
The  288th  hymn  was  sung  to  the  Missionary  Chant  ;  several 
collects  were  said  ;  the  20th  chapter  of  Acts,  from  the  17th  to 
the  35th  verses,  was  read,  and  the  287th  hymn  sung;  the  Gen- 
eral Secretary,  the  Rev.  Robert  C.  Matlack,  D.  D.,  read  a 
summary  of  his  report.  Bishop  Whitaker,  of  Pennsylvania,  was 
chairman  ;  he  made  a  ringing  speech,  every  word  of  which  was 
emphatic  in  favor  of  distinctive  Gospel  preaching.  He  em- 
phasized spiritual  character  as  the  primary  qualification  for  an 
effective  ministry,  setting  forth  this  truth  with  great  clearness 
and  earnestness: 

"That  minister  is  weak  and  almost  powerless,  whatever  may 
be  his  intellectual  grasp  and  attainments,  who  does  not  speak 
from  his  own  experience.  The  efficient  power  in  converting 
men  from  sin  and  Satan,  and  building  them  up  in  the  divine 
life,  is  the  power  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  realized  in  the  man's 
own  heart  and  manifest  in  his  humble,  holy,  and  righteous  walk 
among  men.  The  effective  minister  must  be  in  sympathy  with 
Christ's  redemptive  work,  and  be  loyal  to  Christ  and  His  truth, 
and    illustrate    in    his    own    life    the    lo\-e    and    sacrifice    of    his 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  239 

Master,  and  testify  to  the  power  of  God's  grace  from  the  in- 
dwelling of  the  Divine  Spirit.  He  should  be  a  man  'born  of 
the  spirit,  born  from  above;'  one  called  of  the  Holy  Ghost  to 
the  work  of  the  ministry  for  the  glory  of  God  in  the  salvation 
of  men.  The  minister  of  Christ  is  an  embassador  of  God's  word, 
and  must  be  loyal  to  Christ's  truth,  as  well  as  to  His  person. 
His  eye  will  ever  be  upon  Christ,  his  model ;  and  his  prayer  to 
Christ  will  ever  be,  '  Lord,  what  wilt  Thou    have   me  to  do  ?'  " 

The  Society  has  sent  men  into  the  ministr\'  who  have  given 
special  attention  to  work  among  the  colored  people  and  Indians; 
as  well  as  among  white  people  on  the  frontier. 

Bishop  Dudley,  of  Kentuck}',  with  enthusiastic  charm,  pic- 
tured the  need  of  men  better  trained  than  many  are  who  are 
now  engaged  in  ministerial  work.  He  paid  a  glowing  tribute 
to  the  Bible  and  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  as  text  books  of 
religious  knowledge.  The  Bishop  made  a  noble  plea  for  the 
education  and  Christianization  of  the  colored  people.  He  said 
that  in  fifteen  states,  including  the  District  of  Columbia,  7,000,- 
000  people  live  ;  the  Baptists  and  Methodists  have  2,240,000 
Church  members,  and  these  two  bodies  are  doing  much  to 
uplift  the  colored  people.  The  Bishop  said  the  education  and 
general  influence  of  a  very  large  proportion  of  the  ministers  of 
these  bodies  were  not  what  they  ought  to  be.  The  speaker  paid 
a  glowing  tribute  to  Mr.  Washington,  who  really  was  the 
founder  of  Phelps  Hall,  Tuskegee,  Ala.,  which  is  doing  a  noble 
work  in  fitting  men  for  work  in  the  South. 

Rev.  Dr.  Matlack  made  a  strong  appeal  on  behalf  of  the 
Society,  and  said  there  never  was  a  day  when  it  had  more 
need  of  the  gifts  of  its  friends,  or  could  use  those  gifts  to  better 
purpose,  than  now.  At  present  the  Societ}'  is  helping  fort\'- 
eight  students.  All  funds  given  to  the  Society  are  used  with 
care    and   fidelity. 

All  who  attended  the  meeting  were  impressed  with  the 
purpose  of  the  Society,  and  felt  its  object   deserved  support. 

As  histroian  of  the  Convention,  I  cannot  do  better  than 
close  my  account  of  the  meeting  with  a  significant  deed  of  one 
who  evidently  loved  the  Society.  In  doing  this,  I  may  add, 
Wherever  possible,  go  thou  and  do  likewise. 

For  the  past  quarter  of  a  century  the  Society  has  received, 
about  Christmastide    each    vear,  Sioo  from    an    unknown    friend 


240  HISTORY  OF  GEXERAL  CONVENTION. 

calling  himself  "Mountaineer."  Last  Christmas  the  gift  did  not 
come  to  hand  as  usual,  and  we  concluded  that  our  anonymous 
contributor  had  gone  to  his  reward.  February  14,  1895,  a  letter 
came  to  hand  with  the  remark  :  "I  like  the  suggestion  of  your 
last  Annual  Report,  that  the  friends  of  the  Society  should  en- 
deavor to  perpetuate  their  annual  gifts  by  giving  the  prineipal  of 
their  usual  contribution  to  the  zvork,  and  thus  enlarging  the  Per- 
manent Endowment  Fund,  and  I  now  enclose  $2,500  to  perpetu- 
ate the  annual  gift  of  $100  which  I  have  made  for  the  past 
thirty  years  as  'Mountaineer.'" 

The  generous  and  thoughtful  contributor  passed  away  soon 
after  his  check  was  received,  and  his  name  has  been  placed  on 
our  Memorial   Roll. 


SUNDAY  FN  ST.    PAUL. 

All  the  churches  had  special  preachers  and  good  music.  At 
Christ  Church,  Rev.  C.  D.  Andrews,  Rector,  Bishop  Seymour, 
of  Springfield,  preached  a  sermon  on  the  resurrection  of  the 
body.  The  text  was  from  the  words  of  Job,  "I  know  that  my 
Redeemer  li\eth,  and  that  He  shall  stand  at  the  latter  day  upon 
the  earth,  and  though  after  my  skin,  worms  destroy  this  body, 
yet  in  m)^  flesh  shall  I  see  God  :  When  I  shall  see  for  myself 
and  my  eyes  shall  behold,  and  not  another."  The  sermon  was 
a  defence  of  the  resurrection  of  man's  body.  The  preacher  de- 
clared that  no  Bishop,  or  priest  or  layman,  no  man,  or  'oody  of 
men,  had  any  right  to  seek  to  explain  away  the  doctrine  taught  in 
the  words  of  the  text.  Whenever  attempts  are  made  to  simplify 
the  Church's  faith,  no  end  of  confusion  comes,  and  the  greatest 
and  gravest  of  difficulty  rises.  To  deny  the  resurrection  of  the 
body,  and  in  defence  of  the  denial,  to  appeal  to  what  is  called 
Science  and  Philosophy,  sound  very  learned  ;  it  gives  men  an 
eminence  with  the  unthinking,  and  with  those  who  refuse  to  be- 
lieve the  faith  of  the  Gospel  as  taught  by  the  Scriptures  and  the 
Church.  The  old  Gentile  who  spake  the  words  of  the  text  knew 
what  he  was  speaking  about,  and  he  was  positive  that  he  would 
rise  again  from  the  dead.  The  Church,  in  her  faithful  children,  is 
not  to  ask,  What  does  the  Twentieth  Century,  or  the  Nineteenth 
Century   thought  say  ?     Hers  is  a  different  question  ;  it  is  this, — 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVENTION.  24 1 

What  do  the  Scriptures  say  ?  They  have  declared  from  the 
very  beginning  that  the  dead  shall  rise,  and  that  the  faithful 
shall  be  rewarded  by  their  Lord.  To  surrender  the  doctrine 
of  the  resurrection  of  the  dead  is  to  give  up  the  creed,  and 
to  make  shipwreck  of  the  faith  as  held  by  the  Apostles,  and 
taught  by  Jesus  the  Christ. 

In  the  evening.  Bishop  Talbot,  of  Wyoming,  preached  a 
sermon  on  the  beautiful  narrative  of  Jacob  cheating  Esau  out  of 
his  birthright ;  and  from  this  he  preached  a  strong  sermon  on 
sin  and  conscience.  He  showed  how,  in  twenty  years  after, 
Jacob  met  the  angel,  and  supposed  him  his  foe,  when  he  was 
his  friend. 

"You  may  think  this  a  strange  story, —  a  legend,"  continued 
Bishop  Talbot.  "But  I  do  not  care,  for  the  purpose  of  this 
sermon,  whether  it  be  legend  or  not  ;  it  has  its  application  just 
the  same  as  though  it  were  the  truth.  Do  we  not  all  feel 
within  us  a  voice  that  warns  us  against  wrong,  that  chides  us 
when  we  are  tempted  to  evil  ?  You  may  call  this  conscience, 
or  what  j'ou  will,  but  it  really  does  seem  to  argue  with  us  at 
times.  What  is  a  man's  conscience  ?  How  many  volumes  have 
been  written  by  the  philosophers  of  all  ages  to  tell  us  what 
conscience  is,  and  describe  its  workings  !  But  nowhere  have  I 
seen  a  better  description  of  it  than  in  Genesis.  Jacob  no 
longer  thought  of  himself  or  family,  or  anything  material.  He 
thought  alone  of  sin. 

"There  are  times  when  we,  like  Jacob,  are  concerned  only 
with  the  material  side  of  life  and  forget  the  moral  and  spirit- 
ual. But  a  time  is  sure  to  come  when  we  realize  that  we  are 
not  at  peace  with  God.  There  is  sure  to  come  a  time  when 
God  will  wrestle  with  us,  as  he  did  with  Jacob,  through  the 
medium  of  conscience.  The  greatest  of  men  do  not  always 
have  their  own  way  in  this  world  ;  their  best  laid  plans  are  at 
times  defeated.  They  rise  on  the  morning  of  their  long  hoped 
for  success  only  to  find  that  the  bottom  has  been  knocked  out 
of  everything,  as  we  say. 

"  We  find  these  broken  and  disjointed  aspirations  everywhere. 
The  hospitals  are  filled  with  persons  whose  physical  beings  have 
been  overcome,  disjointed,  and  the  hand  of  the  physician  and 
nurse  minister  to  them  to  restore  health  and  strength.  But 
what  power  shall  unite  the  broken  hopes  and  ambitions  ?     What 


242  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

power  shall  heal  the  mental  wounds  left  by  this  invisible  force 
that  seems  to  be  working  to  break  up  our  plans  and  destroy 
our  peace  ?  It  is  strange  to  note  the  different  reasons  men 
assign  for  their  reverses.  One  will  lay  it  to  lack  of  judg- 
ment, another  to  over-confidence  in  his  fellow  man,  and  others 
to  this,  that  and  the  other  thing.  But  the  true  way  of  looking 
at  them  is  not  that  we  should  become  more  hardened  toward 
our  fellow  man,  but  that  we  are  in  need  of  light  from  Christ. 
Every  human  life  is  a  broken,  disjointed  life  until  joined  to 
God.  And  shall  we  be  able  to  say  at  last,  when  the  darkness 
of  our  night  is  at  an  end:  'The  morning  breaks;  the  day  has 
come?' 

"  With  Jacob  the  night  passed  and  the  morning  at  last  broke 
upon  him  and  enabled  him  to  realize  his  true  situation,  and  he 
said:  'Let  me  go.  Let  me  go.  The  morning  breaks.'  Shall 
it  be  the  same  with  us  when  the  night  of  our  life  has  run  its 
course  and  the  morning  of  our  heavenly  life  has  dawned?" 

BISHOP    GARRETT— ON   THE    CARE    OF    GOD    FOR    MAN. 

The  Rev.  Robert  Hammond  Cotton,  M.  A.,  is  the  Rector  of  St. 
James  Church,  and  Bishop  Garrett,  of  Northern  Texas,  preached 
a  very  powerful  sermon.  He  took  as  his  text  Heb.  ii:  6, — 
"What  is  man  that  Thou  art  mindful  of  him  ?"     He  said  in  part: 

"  These  most  beautiful  words  are  intended  to  show  a  great 
wonder  in  the  mind  of  man — amazing  that  the  Almighty  should 
take  any  note  of  the  creature  we  call  man.  Suppose  we  ask 
the  question,  '  Lord,  what  is  man  that  Thou  should  be  mindful 
of  him  ?'  Science  would  account  for  man  as  the  natural  out- 
come of  physical  forces  goverened  by  its  laws.  The  Scriptures 
would  give  an  entirely  different  answer.  It  would  be  'Thou 
hast  made  him  a  little  lower  than  the  angels.  Thou  hast  put 
all  things  in  subjection  under  him.'  Then  the  question  is  asked, 
'Isn't  man  —  the  servant  of  all  —  the  weakest  of  all  creatures?' 
Then  we  are  reminded  that  we  see  'not  yet'  all  things  put 
under  him.  Science  forgets  these  two  words  'not  yet.'  Man  has 
not  reached  his  perfect  consummation.  We  have  an  ideal  man, 
that  is  Jesus.  He  is  the  ideal  to  which  man  is  possible.  Look 
at  the  character  of  Jesus  in  its  grandeur,  in  its  perfertion,  and 
then  are  we  strengthened    for   the    struggles  of   a  life  in  which 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  243 

we  seem  likely  to  be  submerged  completely.  Let  us  look  at 
another  view  of  this  marvelous  character.  This  is  manifest  in 
the  life  we  see  around  us.  Take  a  pure  Christian  character  who 
lives  a  life  of  suffering.  How  hard  it  is  to  explain  his  lot.  The 
answer  is,  We  see  Jesus  ;  we  have  the  tear  of  Jesus  as  He  stood 
beside  the  grave  of  His  friend ;  there  we  see  Him  suffering 
with  those  who  suffer.  It  is  then  our  privilege  to  sorrow  with 
those  who  sorrow,  as  well  as  to  rejoice  with  those  who  rejoice." 

DR.    WM.    R.    HUNTINGTON— DESIRE    FOR    GOD. 

At  St.  Andrew's  Church  Dr.  Huntington  preached.  The 
text  was:  "Whom  have  I  in  heaven  but  thee,  and  there  is 
none  upon  earth  that  I  desire   beside  thee." 

Asaph  is  supposed  to  be  the  writer  of  the  Psalm  of  which 
this  is  part.  He  was  a  singer  in  the  temple  of  Solomon,  but 
he  was  also  a  seer  who  could  see  as  well  as  a  singer  who  could 
make  ennobling  songs.  Asaph  did  not  think  heaven  a  lonely 
place,  but  God  was  supreme  in  his  thoughts  and  desires.  If 
our  lives  are  not  so  ordered  that  this  is  true  of  us,  we  are  far 
from  the  highest  good;  we  have  left  out  of  our  thoughts  the 
principal  good.  The  one  being  who  can  supply  every  want  and 
give  charm  and  beauty  and  make  us  supremely  blessed  is  God. 
If  the  earth  had  a  tongue  and  could  speak,  it  would  say  to  the 
sun,  which  guides  it,  keeps  it  in  its  power,  sphere  and  place, 
"Whom  have  I  in  heaven  but  thee?"  That  would  not  mean 
there  were  no  stars  or  asteroids,  but  that  the  sun  rules  the 
earth.  So  in  human  life,  man  needs  guidance,  balance  and  re- 
straint. All  this  Asaph  knew  and  he  saw  through  temple  walls, 
and  human  conditions;  his  penetrating  vision  passed  the  local 
and  time  conditioned  to  the  eternal,  the  abiding,  and  saw  the 
throne  of  God  and  Him  that  sat  upon  it.  Here  hope  was 
satisfied,  faith  realized  its  desire.  If  we  would  order  our  lives 
God  must  be  in  them  for  light  and  strength  and  joy. 

REV.    J.    S.    LINDSAY,    D.    D.  —  ON    SERVICE. 

St.  John's  Church  is  at  the  corner  of  Ashland  and  Mackubin 
Streets,  and  is  one  of  the  influential  churches  in  the  city;  here 
Bishop  White  of  Indiana  was  formerly  Rector,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Rev.  Y.   Peyton  Morgan,  who  has  just  resigned  and 


244  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

gone  to  Dayton,  Ohio.  This  morning  the  Rev.  John  S.  Lind- 
say, D.  D.,  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Boston,  was  preacher;  the 
congregation  was  large;  the  text  was,  "The  Son  of  Man  came 
not  to  be  ministered  unto  but  to  minister."  The  subject  was, 
"The  true  vocation  of  man  on  earth."  He  said,  there  are  two 
ways  of  looking  at  life;  one  is  that  which  sees  personal  enjoy- 
ment as  the  right  of  man,  which  thinks  he  should  be  receiving 
kindness  and  service  and  love,  that  everyone  should  serve  him. 
Such  a  view  is  intensely  selfish,  narrow,  and  chilling;  it  dwarfs 
all  the  noblest  powers,  and  all  the  highest  aspirations  of  the 
soul;  it  is  of  the  world,  worldly;  it  sings  no  songs  men  care 
to  hear;  it  does  no  deeds  men  care  to  remember.  The  other 
view  is  that  laid  down  by  Jesus  Christ,  when  he  says,  "I  did 
not  come  to  receive  service,  I  came  to  do  service;  not  to  be 
ministered  to  but  to  minister."  This  is  the  very  note  of  all 
that  is  valuable  in  human  history  and  achievement;  it  is  of  the 
very  nature  of  self-sacrifice;  in  its  sweet  blessing  man  finds  the 
very  highest  expression  of  his  being  rises  in  an  experience 
which  partakes  of  the  divine  nature.  Would  you  do  the  works 
of  Christ,  would  you  have  your  heart  sing  for  joy,  and  make 
the  hearts  of  the  sad  glad  with  praise;  you  must  catch  the 
meaning  of  this  text,  and  go  out  into  your  little  world  and  put 
its  lessons  into  practice.  The  whole  life,  the  death,  and  the 
resurrection  and  ascension  of  Jesus  Christ  flashes  the  import- 
ance and  beneficence  of  this  principle  of  self-sacrifice  upon  the 
world. 

REV.    DEAN    HODGES  —  ON    PERFECT    REST. 

At  vesper  service  at  St.  John's  Church,  Dean  Hodges  of 
the  Divinity  School,  Mass.,  was  the  preacher.  The  text  was 
from  the  Revelation  of  St.  John  the  Divine,  "There  shall  be 
no  more  sea."  He  said  St.  John  had  seen  a  great  series  of 
great  sights,  and  had  news  from  the  unseen  land.  But  he  did 
not  sec  the  twentieth  century  idea  of  life,  did  not  see  the  ma- 
terial side,  as  what  we  shall  eat,  drink,  and  wear,  but  he  did 
see,  and  note  the  fact,  that  there  was,  "No  more  sea";  the  sea 
may  be  taken  as  a  symbol  of  unrest;  to-day  the  patron  saint 
is  St.  Martha,  for  the  women;  for  the  men,  St.  Vitus;  we  are 
never  still.  In  the  land  John  saw  there  will  be  perfect  rest. 
The  sea,  to  St.  John,  may   have    meant    mystery;    here,    life    is 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  245 

full  of  it;  we  are  perplexed  and  we  cannot  explain  many 
things.  There  it  shall  vanish,  we  shall  sec,  and  we  shall  know 
what  we  know  not  now.  To  St.  John  life  was  in  the  divine 
light,  progressive,  but  quiet,  peaceful,  but  calm,  full  of  rest 
and  joy.  The  mission  of  man  was  clear,  and  the  dark  mys- 
teries vanished  in  the  light  of  that  land  which  in  vision  he 
saw. 

The  choir  sang  with  much  feeling  the  musical  parts  of   the 
service.     Miss  Catharine  Gordon  was  soloist. 


BISHOP    SEYMOUR — ON    HOME. 

At  the  Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  where  the  Rev.  Wil- 
liam Pope,  M.  A.,  has  been  Rector  for  nearly  a  generation, 
Bishop  Seymour  preached  a  characteristic  sermon  on  home. 
"The  whole  family  in  heaven  and  earth,"  was  the  text,  and  for 
grace  and  sweetness,  for  charm  and  power,  the  sermon  was 
very  remarkable.  It  should  be  published  in  full,  and  sent 
broadcast  through  the  land. 

The  Bishop  said,  "St.  Paul  says:  'I  bow  my  knees  to  Thee 
in  the  family,  in  whom  is  named,  next  to  Thee,  the  whole 
family  in  heaven  and  earth.'  Thus,  then,  he  puts  the  home 
paramount  to  everything  else,  the  home,  to  which  God  hath 
given  the  children,  that  wind  round  our  hearts  a  tie  that  can- 
not be  sundered.  The  home  is  the  fountain  from  which  the 
stream  flows,  in  whom  the  family  of  heaven  and  earth  is 
named.  In  it  are  named  not  only  those  we  see  and  commune 
with,  but  those  also  that  are  departed.  And  not  alone  these, 
but  even  the  angels.  Therefore  we  see  that  the  text  brings  us 
under  the  shadow  of  the  cross.  Jesus  worked  miracles,  but 
this  He  did  because  God  was  behind  them.  Now  He  works 
His  miracles  through  the  sacraments.  Some  doubt  the  sacra- 
ments of  the  bread  and  wine,  the  water  of  baptism,  and  that 
hands  can  confirm.  But  we  see  their  power  because  He  is 
behind  the  sacraments.  It  is  He  who  works  these  sacraments 
at  a  distance  from  the  object  of  His  benediction  and  through 
His  agents,  He  makes  Himself  man  that  we  may  share  His 
bone  and  His  flesh.  And  what  cheers  us  on  is  the  conviction 
that  we  arc  of  the  family.  The  real  home  brings  us  into  com- 
munion with  God,  and  the  church  is  a  part  of  that  home.     B\' 


246  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

the  revelation  of  the  Trinity  we  know  that  God  determined, 
fesus  fulfilled,  and  the  Holy  Ghost  sanctified,  thus  being  united 
in  the  salvation  of  humanity.  Be  loyal,  therefore,  my  brethren, 
and  remember  that  you  are  a  part  of  the  family,  and  at  last 
you  shall  be  washed  and  made  fit  to  associate  with  the  angels 
and  archangels  around  the  Father's  throne." 

THE    REV.    WILLIAM    PRALL,    D.    D. — ON    FIXITY    OF    CHARACTER. 

In  St.  Peter's  Church,  of  which  Rev.  Anthon  T.  Gesner  is 
Rector,  Rev.  William  Prall,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Detroit,  Mich.,  preached.  The  text  was  Rev.  xxii:ii, — "He  that 
is  unjust,  let  him  be  unjust  still;  he  that  is  filthy,  let  him  be 
filthy  still;  and  he  that  is  righteous,  let  him  be  righteous  still; 
and  he  that  is  holy,  let  him  be  holy  still."  Dr.  Prall  said  that 
God's  love  for  man  was  very  strong  and  deep  and  eternal,  is 
shown  by  the  fact  that  He  gave  His  Son,  Jesus  Christ,  for  his 
redemption;  this  truth  should  at  all  times  be  kept  gratefully  in 
mind;  but  there  is  another  truth,  which  is  too  much  the  fashion 
to  forget,  it  is  this:  That  God  is  just,  He  metes  out  justice  as 
well  as  bestows  love.  The  natural  world  is  governed  by  law, 
so  is  the  moral  word;  why  should  not  law  work  to  its  perfection 
in  man  as  well  as  in  the  universe  at  large.  The  tendency  is 
for  character  to  become  fixed;  the  more  good  we  do,  and  the 
oftener  we  do  good  deeds,  the  more  does  goodness  become  a 
part  of  our  nature,  and  the  more  certain  is  it,  that  we  shall 
continue  to  be  and  to  do  good.  The  converse  of  this  is  true; 
if  a  man  loves  evil  and  continues  to  do  it,  the  more  evil  he 
does  the  more  firmly  does  evil  become  habitual  to  him  and 
part  of  his  very  self.  That  fixity  of  character  is  one  of  the 
great  facts  of  God's  moral  world  is  true,  and  it  is  a  truth 
fraught  with  blessings  in  very  many  ways.  The  declaration  of 
the  text  should  fill  the  minds  of  the  good  with  joy  unspeakable, 
because  a  time  will  come  when  it  will  be  said  of  the  righteous 
and  of  the  holy,  they  shall  so  remain.  The  text  should  fill  the 
mind  of  the  sinner  with  solemn  concern,  lest  he  come  to  a  time 
when  it  is  said  of  him  let  him  remain  unholy  still.  In  a  day 
when  we  are  too  prone  to  trespass  upon  the  goodness  of  God, 
and  because  of  his  kindness  and  love,  put  away  his  service  from 
us.      The  sermon  was  opportune  and  it  was  able. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  247 

BISHOP    MILLSPAUGH  —  ON    THE    LAY    PRIESTHOOD. 

At  St.  Paul's  Church  the  preacher  was  Bishop  Millspaugh, 
of  Kansas.  The  Bishop  is  a  warm  friend  of  the  Rector  of 
the  Church,  Rev.  John  Wright,  D.  D.,  and  was  for  many  years 
a  very  intimate  friend  of  a  former  Rector,  Rev.  E.  S.  Thomas, 
late  Bishop  of  Kansas,  of  whose  life  and  work  Bishop  Mills- 
paugh, in  loving  words,  spake  before;  the  preacher  then  began 
his  sermon  which  was  on  the  priesthood  of  all  the  laity,  which 
he  said  involves  very  solemn  responsibilities,  and  should  make 
every  one  think  with  prayerful  care  upon  his  duty.  This  relation- 
ship is,  alas,  too  often  forgotten  by  men;  the  press  of  business, 
the  stress  of  life,  its  temptations  and  cares,  put  out  of  mind  the 
truth  that  we  are  priests  unto  God.  The  baptismal  sacrament 
and  vows,  are  out  of  our  thoughts,  it  may  be,  but  they  are  not 
out  of  God's  thoughts,  and  we  shall  be  judged  in  their  light. 
In  this  glad  hour  let  us,  remembering  that  we  are  all  priests 
unto  God,  offer  ourselves  in  holy  sacrifice  unto  Him;  so  shall 
our  joy  be  complete  and  our  acceptance  with  our  Father  in 
heaven  be  perfect. 

BISHOP    HALL — ON    THE    SACRAMENTS. 

The  notice  that  the  Bishop  of  Vermont  would  preach  in  St. 
Paul's  Church  was  sufficient  to  ensure  a  large  congregation;  the 
sermon  was  on  the  Sacraments  of  the  Church.  All  who  know 
Bishop  Hall  know  the  ground  he  took,  for  his  positions  are  so 
well  defined  and  positive,  that  no  room  for  question  exists. 
The  Bishop  assumed  that  the  Church  is  a  Divine  institution, 
that  she  has  a  divinely  appointed  and  ordained  ministry,  whose 
duty  and  whose  ofifice  it  is  to  offer  unto  God  both  gifts  and 
sacrifices,  that  by  Holy  Baptism  men  are  made  children  of  God, 
admitted  into  the  Church,  and  thus  become  members  of  the 
household  of  faith.  That  Baptism  is  instituted  by  Christ  and 
will  abide  a  sacrament  in  His  Church  till  He  shall  come  to 
judge  the  quick  and  the  dead.  That  the  Holy  Communion  is 
also  of  Christ's  institution  and  is  of  perpetual  obligation  in  the 
Church,  that  in  it,  is  Jesus  Christ  Himself,  that  all  the  faithful 
are  to  find  here  strength  and  comfort  and  "Him  of  whom  Moses 
in  the  Law  and  the  Prophets  did  write."  In  Bishop  Hall's 
sermon  in  regard  to   the   Sacrament  of   the  Lord's  Supper,   the 


248  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL   CONVENTION. 

Church  stands  alike  removed  from  the  reformers  of  Geneva  on 
the  one  hand,  and  the  teaching  of  Rome  on  the  other.  The 
Bishop's  earnest,  impassioned  words,  his  definitiveness,  and 
powerful  appeals  to  all  present  to  be  loyal  in  life  and  heart,  in 
faith  and  in  practice  to  the  Sacramental  teaching  of  the  Church, 
made  a  profound  impression.  To  the  Bishop  Jesus  Christ  is 
very  real  in  all  the  sacraments  of  the  Church,  and  this  is  to 
him  a  joy  and  strength. 

BISHOP    PERRY  —  OiN    FOLLOWING    CHRIST. 

At  St.  Paul's  Church,  the  Bishop  of  Iowa  was  the  preacher 
in  the  evening;  the  subject  was:  "Forsaking  all  for  Christ's 
sake  and  following  Him."  The  Bishop  said:  "It  is  in  the 
Gospel  required  that  a  man  who  will  serve  Christ,  must  be 
ready  to  give  Him  the  very  highest  thoughts  of  his  mind,  and 
the  warmest  love  of  his  heart;  in  so  doing,  all  the  blessings  He 
has  to  give  are  gained;  if  we  have  to  forsake  father  or  mother, 
or  worldly  goods,  the  reward  is  sure,  the  promise  certain.  We 
place  too  much  value  upon  the  every  day  things  of  life,  too  little 
value  upon  the  things  eternal.  God  would  have  us  consider 
and  set  our  hearts  upon  things  in  their  relative  value,  and  so 
by  His  grace,  develop  all  that  is  in  us,  in  just  proportions;  if 
we  do  not,  evil  and  worry,  dissatisfaction,  and  disappointment 
of  every  kind  comes;  man  being  out  of  harmony  with  the  great 
moral  law  of  the  world,  can  do  nothing  other  than  eat  the  bread 
of  sorrow.  In  following  the  rule  laid  down  by  Christ,  all  is 
full  of  light;  we  grow  in  grace,  for  the  light  of  God  in  the  soul  of 
man,  conforms  to  known  laws;  if  we  dwell  upon  spiritual  things, 
if  we  live  devout,  prayerful,  consecrated  lives,  if  we  take  enough 
time  from  business  and  worldly  employ  to  contemplate  God, 
He  will  come  to  us  in  all  the  blessings  of  His  grace  and  plenti- 
tude  of  His  power." 


CHAPTER   XXIV. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

october  2ist. 

Morning  Prayer  was  read  by  the  Rev.  A.  Beatty,  D.  D., 
•*■'*•  of  Kansas,  Bishop  Barker,  of  Olympia,  pronounced  the 
benediction.  Rev.  Francis  Lobdell,  D.  D.,  of  Western  New  York, 
proposed  the  following  resolution,  which  was  passed: 

That  the  President  of  this  House  be,  and  hereby  is,  em- 
powered to  fill  vacancies  upon  the  part  of  this  House  which 
may  occur  between  the  meetings  of  the  General  Convention  in 
Commissions,  Joint  Committees  and  Committees  of  the  Conven- 
tion. 

Mr.  George  C.  Thomas,  of  Pennsylvania,  proposed  a  vote  of 
thanks  to  the  Minneapolis  and  St.  Paul  daily  papers,  for  the 
very  faithful  reports;  this  was  passed.  It  was  generally  agreed 
by  Bishops,  Priests  and  Laymen,  that  no  previous  Convention 
had  ever  been  reported  so  thoroughly  and  well.  There  are 
six  daily  papers  in  the  two  cities;  four  of  which  have  evening 
editions.  The  Pioneer  Press  and  the  Globe,  in  St.  Paul,  gave 
every  morning,  accounts  of  the  proceedings  of  the  preceding 
day;  the  Despatch,  of  the  same  city,  gave  evening  reports.  In 
Minneapolis,  the  Times  newspaper  had  made  an  arrangement 
with  the  editors  of  The  Living  Church  and  the  Church  Stand- 
ard, by  which  the  three  papers  worked  in  harmony.  In  addition, 
long  before  the  Convention  it  engaged  Rev.  \Vm.  Wilkinson  to 
supply  biographical  sketches  daily  during  the  Convention,  of 
leading  men  in  both  Houses,  which  he  did,  and  Bishop  Perry 
it  is  understood,  wrote  notes  on  such  doings  in  the  House  of 
Bishops  as  were  of  interest  to  the  general  public.  This  paper 
also  had  a  photographer  at  the  disposal  of  its  reporters  for  the 
purpose    of   taking    photographs    of   men    and    scenes,   and  thus 


250  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

produced  reports  which  have  become  historic.  The  Tribune, 
the  other  morning  paper  published  in  this  city,  also  had  artists 
making  photographs  which  it  published,  and  excellent  reports 
of  what  was  said  and  done.  The  Journal  and  the  Evening 
Tribune  showed  great  enterprise  and  gave  long  reports  of  the 
proceedings,  and  printed  many  likenesses  of  representative  men. 
The  New  York  Churchman,  the  Church  Standard,  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  the  Living  Church,  of  Chicago,  printed  reports  which 
deserve  a  permanent  place  in  every  Church  library,  and,  in  ad- 
dition, had  editorial  and  other  comment  upon  the  proceedings 
which  are  of  permanent  value  to  well  informed  Churchmen. 
The  writer  of  this  History,  with  great  care,  before  the  Conven- 
tion opened,  had  gathered  facts  and  prepared  notes  on  Bishops 
and  Clerical  and  Lay  Deputies,  and  Church  officials;  was  one 
of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements  for  the  General  Convention 
and  in  daily  attendance  at  its  sessions;  yet  has  found  it  neces- 
sary to  make  large  use  of  reports  in  papers  named,  and  cheer- 
fully and  gratefully  acknowledges  many  obligations. 

Mr.  Bennett,  of  Massachusetts,  submitted  the  following  reso- 
lution, which  was  agreed  to: 

Resolved,  That  the  special  Committee  of  this  House,  to  whom 
were  referred  the  proposed  Amendments  to  the  Constitution,  be 
authorized  to  print  with  their  report  the  present  Constitution 
and  the  Amendments  thereto  which  have  been  approved  at  this 
Convention.      Carried. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Maryland,  submitted  the  following 
report,  which  was  concurred  in: 

The  Committee  of  Conference  on  the  relations  of  the  two 
Houses  on  the  matter  of  messages  respectfully  report  that  it 
does  not  seem  to  the  Committee  that  there  is  any  occasion  for 
proposing  action  upon  the  subject. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Maryland:  At  an  informal  meet- 
ing of  all  the  Deputies  now  in  Minneapolis  who  have  been  ap- 
pointed by  the  chair  to  serve  on  the  Committee  which  has 
been  raised  to  consider  the  messages  of  the  House  of  Bishops 
relating  to  the  Constitution,  and  to  report  to  the  next  General 
Convention,  it  was  unanimously 

Resolved,  That  in  view  of  the  sincerely  regretted  declination 
of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington  to  serve  with  the  Committee,  the 
House  of  Deputies  be  requested  to  appoint  the  President  of 
the  House,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix,  to  serve  on  said  Com- 
mittee and  to  act  as  chairman  thereof. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  25 1 

Resolved,  further,  That  Dr.  Elliott  be  asked  to  move  a  reso- 
lution to  this  effect,  and  that  it  be  placed  upon  the  minutes  of 
the  House. 

The  resolution  was  unanimously  passed  on  being  put  by- 
Secretary  Hutchins.  Dr.  Dix  was  taken  completely  by  surprise, 
but  he,  in  graceful  words,  thanked  the  House  for  honoring  him 
in  this  way,  and  accepted  the  position. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Richards,  of  Rhode  Island,  brought  in  a  report 
from  the  Committee  on  the  Admission  of  new  Dioceses,  which 
had  considered  Message  No.  62,  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
referring  to  the  erection  of  the  Missionary  District  of  Northern 
Texas  into  a  Diocese.  There  had  been  no  preliminary  convo- 
cation of  the  proposed  Diocese,  or  such  action  taken  as  is  need- 
ful by  the  law  of  the  Church,  and  so  Northern  Texas  remains 
a  Jurisdiction. 

Dr.  Richards  reported  from  his  Committee  favorably  on  the 
erection  of  a  new  Missionary  Jurisdiction  in  North  Carolina. 

Rev.  Chauncey  B.  Brew'ster,  of  Long  Island,  and  the  Rev. 
Dr.  L.  Waterman,  of  New  Hampshire,  spoke  on  the  subject; 
when  Mr,  McBee,  of  North  Carolina,  made  a  powerful  plea  in 
behalf  of  the  division,  which  he  said  would  contain  a  larger 
number  of  souls  than  fifteen  out  of  the  eighteen  Jurisdictions 
the  Church  already  had;  he  was  followed  on  the  same  side  by 
Rev.  Dr.  Lindsay,  of  Massachusetts. 

Dr.  John  Fulton  closed  the  discussion  in  a  speech  replete 
with  kindness  and  admiration  for  the  noble  work  done  by 
Churchmen  under  the  greatest  difficulties,  in  Carolina;  he  sup- 
ported the  resolution  to  erect  a  new  Jurisdiction.  The  vote 
was  as  follows:  Clerical,  fifty-one  Dioceses,  yes.  One,  no. 
One  divided.  Lay  vote,  thirty-eight,  yes.  Six,  no.  Divided, 
two.      So  the  resolution  was  agreed  to. 

REVISION    OF    THE    CONSTITUTION. 

The  Rev.  Dr.   Hoffman  submitted  the  following  report: 

"The  Committee  of  Conference  on  the  Disagreements  of  the 
two  Houses  of  this  Convention,  respecting  the  amendments  to 
Articles  i,  11,  and  11 1  of  the  Constitution,  as  communicated  in 
Messages  37  and  74  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  unanimously  re- 
port, as  the  result  of  their  conference,  a  recommendation  that 
the  following  resolution  be  adopted  by  both  Houses : 


252  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

''Resolved,  That  the  following  amendment  be  made  to  the 
Constitution,  and  that  the  proposed  amendment  be  made  known 
to  the  several  Dioceses,  in  order  that  it  may  be  finally  agreed 
to  and  ratified  in  the  next  General  Convention,  in  accordance 
with  the  provision  in  Article  ix  of  the  Constitution: 

"  Insert  in  place  of  Articles  i,  ii,  and  iii  of  the  Constitution 
the  following : 

CONSTITUTIONS. 

1. 

"Section  i.  There  shall  be  a  General  Convention  of  the 
Church,  consisting  of  the  House  of  Bishops  and  the  House  of 
Deputies,  which  Houses  shall  sit  and  deliberate  separately  ;  and 
in  all  deliberations  freedom  of  debate  shall  be  allowed.  Either 
House  may  originate  and  propose  legislation,  but  every  act  of 
the  General  Convention  must  be  adopted  by  both  Houses,  and 
be  certified  by  the  signatures  of  the  presiding  officer  and  of 
the  secretary  of  each  House. 

"Sec.  2.  Every  Bishop  of  this  Church  having  jurisdiction, 
every  Bishop  Coadjutor,  and  every  Bishop  whose  resignation 
of  Jurisdiction  shall  have  been  accepted,  shall  have  a  seat  and 
a  vote  in  the  House  of  Bishops.  A  majority  of  all  Bishops 
entitled  to  vote,  exclusive  of  those  who  have  resigned  their 
Jurisdiction  and  those  who  are  Bishops  in  foreign  lands,  shall 
be  necessary  to  constitute  a  quorum  for  the  transaction  of 
business. 

"Sec.  3.  The  senior  Bishop  of  this  Church,  in  the  order  of 
consecration,  having  jurisdiction  within  the  United  States,  shall 
be  the  presiding  officer  of  the  House  of  Bishops.  He  shall 
discharge  such  duties  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  Constitution 
and  Canons  of  the  General  Convention,  or,  for  its  own  needs, 
by  the  House  of  Bishops,  and  shall  hold  office  for  life,  unless 
he  resign  or  be  relieved  from  that  office  by  vote  of  a  majority 
of  the  Bishops  entitled  to  a  vote  in  the  House  of  Bishops. 

"  Sec.  4.  The  Church  in  each  Diocese  which  shall  have 
been  admitted  to  the  General  Convention  shall  be  entitled  to 
be  represented  in  the  House  of  Deputies  by  not  more  than  four 
presbyters,  canonically  resident  in  the  Diocese,  and  not  more 
than  four  laymen,  communicants  of  this  Church,  and  having 
domicile  to  the  Diocese.  Each  Diocese  shall  prescribe  the  man- 
ner in  which  its  Deputies  shall  be  chosen. 

"A  majority  of  the  Dioceses  entitled  to  representation  shall 
be  represented  by  clerical  Deputies,  and  also  a  majority  of  the 
Dioceses  so  entitled  shall  be  presented  by  lay  Deputies,  to  con- 
stitute a  quorum  for  the  transaction  of  business.  The  absence 
of  a  majority  of  the  Deputies  of  either  order  of  any  Diocese 
shall  not  invalidate  the  representation  of  such  Diocese,  so  long 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  253 

as  there  be  present  one  or  more  Deputies  of  either  order.  If 
any  Diocese  be  not  represented,  or  be  represented  in  one  order 
only,  such  Diocese  shall  nevertheless  be  bound  by  the  acts  of 
the  General  Convention. 

"On  any  question,  the  vote  of  the  majority  of  the  Deputies 
present  shall  suffice,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  these  Consti- 
tutions, or  unless  the  clerical  or  lay  representatives  from  any 
Diocese  require  that  the  vote  be  taken  by  orders  ;  and  in  all 
cases  of  a  vote  by  orders,  the  two  orders  shall  vote  separately, 
each  Diocese  having  one  vote  for  its  clerical  and  one  for  its  lay 
representation,  if  present ;  and  the  concurrence  of  the  votes  of 
the  two  orders,  by  not  less  than  a  majority  in  each  order  of  all 
the  Dioceses  represented  in  that  order  at  the  time  of  the  vote, 
shall  be  necessary  to  constitute  a  vote  of  the  House.  Provided, 
however,  that,  if  it  shall  appear  that  a  constitutional  quorum  of 
the  House  has  not  voted,  the  presiding  officer  shall  declare 
that  there  has  been  no  vote  of  the  House  ;  and  in  such  a  case 
the  question  may  be  again  put  to  the  House  when  a  quorum 
shall  be  present,  at  any  time  before  the  final  adjournment  of 
the  Convention  then  in  session. 

Sec.  5.  In  either  House  any  number  less  than  a  quorum 
may  adjourn  from  day  to  day.  Neither  House,  during  the  ses- 
sion of  the  General  Convention,  shall  adjourn  without  the  con- 
sent of  the  other  for  more  than  three  days,  nor  to  any  place 
other  than  that  in  which  the  Convention  shall  be  sitting. 

"  Sec.  6.  The  General  Convention  shall  meet  in  every  third 
year  on  the  first  Wednesday  in  October,  unless  a  different  day 
be  appointed  by  the  preceding  Convention,  and  at  such  place 
as  shall  have  been  determined  on  by  the  Convention  ;  and  if 
there  shall  appear  to  the  presiding  officer  of  the  House  of 
Bishops  sufficient  cause  for  changing  the  place  so  appointed, 
he  may  appoint  another  place  for  such  meeting.  Special  meet- 
ings may  be  called  in  accordance  with  canonical  provisions  of 
the  Convention." 

The  question  then  was  on  the  report  of  the  Committee  of 
Conference.  The  vote  was  taken  by  orders  and  Dioceses ;  both 
orders  voted,  yes,  and  the  report  was  agreed  to. 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  from  the  Committee  on  Amendments 
to  the  Constitution,  which  had  considered  Message  No.  80  from 
the  House  of  Bishops,  recommending  the  following  amendment 
to  the  Constitution,  be  proposed  and  made  known  to  the  several 
Dioceses,     Add  to  Article  v  of  the  Constitution  the  following: 

"The  General  Convention  may  accept  a  cession  of  a  part  of 
the  territorical  jurisdiction  of  a  Diocese  when  the  Bishop  and 
Convention  of  such  Diocese  shall  propose  such  cession,  and 
three-fourths    of  the  parishes  in    the    ceded    territory,    and    also 


254  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

the  same  proportion  of  the  parishes   within    the   remaining  ter- 
ritory, shall  consent  thereto  ;    reported  the  following  resolution:" 

The  resolution  was  placed  on  the  calendar. 

A  message  (No.  Sy)  was  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
announcing  that  it  had  passed  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Deputies  concurring,  That  Title  i. 
Cannon  i6,  Section  7,  Sub-section  i,  be  amended  by  the  inser- 
tion of  a  form  of  certificate  of  the  election  of  a  foreign  Mis- 
sionary Bishop  in  place  of  that  adopted  by  the  General  Con- 
vention in  1844. 

The  message  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Canons. 

A  message  (No.  88)  was  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
announcing  that  it  had  under  further  consideration  the  subject 
of  Message  No.  56  from  the  House  of  Deputies,  and  had  adopted 
the  following  resolution  : 

Resolved,  the  House  of  Deputies  concurring.  That  Title  1, 
Canon  19,  Section  14,  Subdivision  2,  be  amended  by  adding, 
after  the  words  "judicial  sentence,"  the  words  following,  to-wit: 
"  or  of  mental  infirmity,  assured  by  the  judgment  of  four  neigh- 
boring Bishops  convened  for  the  purpose  and  acting  upon  the 
testimony  of  sufificient  medical  authority  ;  "  so  that  the  para- 
graph amended  shall  read: 

(2)  A  Diocese  without  a  Bishop,  or  of  which  the  Bishop 
is,  for  the  time,  under  a  disability  by  reason  of  a  judicial  sen- 
tence, or  of  mental  infirmity,  assured  by  the  judgment  of  four 
neighboring  Bishops,  convened  for  the  purpose,  and  acting  upon 
the  testimony  of  sufficient  medical  authority,  may,  by  its  Con- 
vention, be  placed  under  provisional  charge  and  authority  of 
the  Bishop  or  Bishop  Coadjutor  of  another  Diocese,  or  of  a 
Missionary  Bishop,  etc. 

The  message  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Canons. 

A  message  (No.  89)  was  received  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
announcing  that  it  had  received  a  report  of  the  Committee  of 
Conference  respecting  the  proposed  amendments  to  amendments 
I,  II,  and  III  of  the  Constitution,  and  had  adopted  the  resolu- 
tion contained  in  the  said  report. 

The  President:     No  action  is  required  upon  this  message. 

Now  was  the  time  for  the  order  of  the  day,  and  the  busi- 
ness being  the  presentation  of  memorials  of  members  of  former 
General  Conventions,  who,  in  the  last  three  years,  have  passed 
to  the  rest  of  Paradise.  The  House  joined  in  prayer,  which 
being  ended,  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop  introduced  the  report  proper,  in 
beautiful   words,    saying,    that    within  the    last    three  years   the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  255 

Church  had  lost  many  members  whose  place  could  not  easily 
be  filled. 

"As  we  come  to  name  after  name  in  the  list  given  below, 
we  would  fain  stop  to  speak  of  virtues  and  services  which  once 
enriched  our  communion.  Here  are  names  which  the  world 
will  not  willingly  let  die;  clergymen  and  laymen  of  whom  we  are 
justly  proud;  men  whom  we  loved  and  revered;  men  whose 
presence  and  counsel  were  a  benediction  to  this  body.  They 
have  gone  to  their  rest  and  reward,  but  have  left  behind  them 
memories  which  we  do  well  to  cherish,  while  with  our  best 
powers  we  put  our  hands  and  hearts  to  the  work  passed  on  to 
us;  when  in  the  battle  field  the  front  ranks  are  often  thinned, 
those  who  rush  to  fill  the  vacant  places  do  it  not  seldom  with 
heavy  hearts  and  tear-dimmed  eyes,  and  with  the  same  feeling 
we  close  up  our  ranks.  God  give  us  courage  to  be  faithful 
and  true  as  those  whom  to-day  we  commemorate." 

The  following  is  the  list  of  deceased  members: 

Alabariia,  H.  Stringfetlow,  attended  eight  General  Conven- 
tions.     J.  Ireland   Tucker,   attended   two   General  Conventions. 

Arkansas,  Legan  C.  Roots,  attended  three  General  Conven- 
tions. 

California,  George  F.  Bugbee,  attended  one  General  Con- 
vention. 

Central  New  York,  Russell  A.  Olin,  attended  one  General 
Convention. 

Central  Pennsylvania,  Robert  A.  Lamberton,  attended  seven 
General  Conventions;  H.  Coppee,  attended  seven  General  Con- 
ventions. 

Chicago,  S.  C.  Judd,  attended  six  General  Conventions. 

Colorado,  E.  J.  Bowell,    attended   five  General  Conventions. 

Connecticut,  George  R.  Curtis,  attended  one  General  Con- 
vention; Z.  A.  Kidston,  W.  A.  M.  Wainright,  attended  two 
General  Conventions. 

Easton,  F.  F.  Barber,  attended  nine  General  Conventions. 

East  Carolina,  M.  C.  Hugus,  attended  six  General  Conven- 
tions. 

Kentucky,  W.  Cornwall,  attended  nine  General  Conventions. 

Long  Island,  C.  H.  Hall,  attended  seven  General  Conven- 
tions. 

Maine,  W.   H.  Washburn,  attended  six  General  Conventions. 

Maryland,  C.  M.  Mathews,  attended  one  General  Conven- 
tion. 

Massachusetts,  Phillips  Brooks,  attended  five  General  Con- 
ventions; G.  C.  Shattuck,  attended  eight  General  Conventions; 
R.  C.  Winthrop,  attended  five  General  Conventions;  A.  H.  Rice, 
attended  two  General  Conventions. 

Milwaukee,  W.  Ashley,  attended  three  General  Conventions; 
D.  Keene,  attended  four  General  Conventions. 


256  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Michigan,  11.  P.  P.  Baldwin,  attended  fifteen  General  Con- 
ventions. 

New  Hampshire,  H.  A.  Coit,  attended  four  General  Con- 
ventions; G.  Alcott,  attended  four  General  Conventions. 

Oregon,  W.  L.  McEwan,  attended  one  General  Convention; 
W.  D.  Deedey,  attended  two  General  Conventions. 

Ohio,  L.  Burton,  attended  two  General  Conventions;  D.  Pise, 
attended  two  General  Conventions. 

Pennsylvania,  L.  Coffin,  attended  nine  General  Conventions. 

Rhode  Island,  T.  P.  I.  Goddard,  attended  four  General  Con- 
ventions. 

Springfield,  J.  M.  C.  Fulton,  attended  one  General  Conven- 
tion. 

Texas,  S.  M.  Bird,  attended  five  General  Conventions. 

Virginia,   K.  Nelson,  attended  three  General  Conventions. 

The  Committee  on  Canons,  which  had  referred  to  it  Mes- 
sage No.  79  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  recommended  the  pas- 
sage of  a  resolution  concurring  in  Message  No.  79  with  an 
amendment  to  Title  i.  Canon  19,  Section   16. 

On  Motion  of  Mr.  Fairbanks,  of  Florida,  Message  No.  80 
of  the  House  of  Bishops  was  taken  from  the  calendar  for  im- 
mediate consideration.      This  refers  to  the  cession  of  Dioceses. 

Dr.  Alsop  said  this  matter  had  been  referred  to  a  commit- 
tee, and  he  thought  that  was  the  proper  course.  It  had  been 
referred  twice  already,  and  he  therefore  moved  that  it  be  again 
referred  to  the  proper  committee. 

Dr.  Huntington  said  that  they  had  to  send  an  answer  to  the 
House  of  Bishops,  and  he  hoped  the  question  of  reference  would 
be  voted  down. 

The  motion  to  refer  was  lost  and  upon  concurrence  with  the 
House  of  Bishops  in  Message  No.  80.  The  vote  was  taken  by 
Diocese  and  orders  and  resulted:  Clerical  vote,  ayes  45,  nays 
6,  divided   i;  lay  vote,  ayes  30,  nays  2,  divided   i. 

Dr.  Taylor,  of  Springfield,  moved  — 

Resolved,  The  House  of  Deputies  respectfully  request  a  Com- 
mittee of  Conference  in  regard  to  Message  85,  the  House  of 
Bishops  declining  to  concur  in  Message  No.  59,  of  the  House 
of  Deputies,  concerning  Title  i.  Canons  7  and  10,  relating  to 
candidates    for   ordination. 

The  motion  was  passed  and  the  Chairman  appointed  as  such 
Committee  of  Conference  from  the  House  of  Deputies  Dr. 
Davenport,  of  Tennessee,  Dr.  Blanchard,  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
Mr.  Fairbanks,  of  F'lorida. 


HISTORY  OF  GEXERAL  CONVENTION.  257 

The  resolution  contained  in  the  report  of  the  Commission 
on  the  Hymnal,  asking  that  the  Commission  be  continued  for 
reasons  therein  stated,  was  passed. 

The  resolution  contained  in  report  No.  5,  of  the  Committee 
on  P>xpenses,  relating  to  printing  that  might  be  required  during 
the  interim  before  the  next  Convention,  making  it  imperative 
for  such  to  be  done  through  the  Secretary  of  the  Convention, 
was  taken  up  for  consideration. 

Mr.  Sowdon  said  that  it  was  in  the  interest  of  economy  that 
this  was  proposed,  and  the  motion  was  carried  with  an  amend- 
ment that  it  only  have  reference  to  printing,  the  expense  of 
which  had  to  be  borne  by  the  Convention. 

J.  Pierpont  Morgan  asked  for  a  Committee  of  Conference 
relating  to  the  message  from  the  House  of  Bishops,  concerning 
the  binding  of  the  Prayer  Book  and  Hymnal. 

The  committee  as  asked  for  was  granted. 

No.  20  on  the  calendar,  relating  to  the  nomination  of  a 
Missionary  Bishop  for  Kioto,  was  ordered  stricken  from  the 
calendar,  as  the  House  had  declined  to  concur  in  the  erection 
of  a  Missionary  Diocese  there. 

This  having  exhausted  the  calendar,  the  House  took  a  recess 
some  half-hour  earlier  than  usual. 

At  the  opening  of  the  afternoon  session,  Rev.  Dr.  Lobdell 
presented  a  resolution  that  this  House  place  on  record  its  very 
grateful  appreciation  of  the  uniform  courtesy,  kindness  and 
hospitality  of  the  Churchmen  and  citizens  of  Minneapolis  to 
this  Convention,  and  that  the  thanks  of  the  House  be  particu- 
larly tendered  to  the  Local  Committee  and  the  Rector,  Wardens 
and  Vestry  of  Gethsemane  Church.      Passed. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  from  the  Committee  on  the  Provin- 
cial System,  reported  progress  and  asked    continuance. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Fair,  of  Western  Michigan,  from  the  Com- 
mittee to  Nominate  Fifteen  Trustees  for  the  Fund  for  the 
Relief  of  Disabled  Clergymen  and  the  Widows  and  Orphans  of 
Deceased  Clergymen,  reported  the  Bishops  of  Connecticut, 
Maine,  New  York,  Delaware,  and  Southern  Ohio;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Dix,  Rev.  Dr.  Harwood,  Rev.  Dr.  McKim,  Rev.  Dr.  Langford, 
Messrs.  E.  E.  Chauncey,  Wm.  Alexander  Smith,  George  C. 
Thomas,  Stephen  P.  Nash,  and  Robert  Treat  Paine. 


258  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  question  was  then  brought  up  in  regard  to  the  difficulty 
of  the  present  form  of  the  charter  interfering  with  the  power 
of  this  committee  to  act,  and  by  a  vote  of  the  house  it  was 
decided  to  so  arrange  the  committee  that  the  first  seven  names 
should  be  from  the  former  members,  leaving  them  with  power  to 
act  until  the  proper  amendment  to  the  charter  could  be  secured, 
which  would  enable  the  fifteen  to  act  in  accordance  with  law. 

Mr.  Biddle  thought  that  it  would  be  well  to  discharge  the 
Committee  to  whom  had  been  referred  the  Provincial  System 
because  that  was  a  subject  included  in  the  Joint  Commission 
on  Revision,  and  it  seemed  unadvisable  to  have  it  in  the  hands 
of  so  many  committees. 

Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  however,  stated  that  there  was  under 
consideration  the  withdrawal  of  the  Provincial  System  matter 
from  the  subject  matter  before  the  Commission  on  Revision  and 
no  action  was  taken  upon  Mr.  Biddle's  suggestion. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Duncan,  of  Louisville,  then  reported  from  the 
Commission  on  Church  Unity,  stating  that  the  entire  corre- 
spondence was  now  in  print. 

He  added:  "The  commission  feels  that  much  good  has  been 
accomplished  in  the  drawing  of  attention  to  the  evil  and  sin  of 
schism  and  the  arousing  of  discussion  concerning  methods  of 
consideration  for  the  healing  of   divisions. 

"I  do  not  deem  it  necessary  to  ask  for  enlargement  of  the 
powers  of  the  commission,  but  do  deem  it  desirable  that  the 
commission  should  be  continued,  notwithstanding  the  difficulties 
and  dangers  which  beset  the  question." 

Dr.  Duncan  then  read  from  the  report  the  recent  corre- 
spondence between  Dr.  Roberts,  of  the  Presbyterian  General 
Assembly,  and  Bishop  Coxe,  Chairman  of  the  Commission. 
The  letter  of  Bishop  Coxe  was  sent  from  here  since  the  open- 
ing of  the  Convention,  and  neither  of  them  have  yet  appeared 
in  print.     The  correspondence  is  as  follows: 

LETTER    FROM    DR.    ROBERTS. 

"The  Rt.  Rev.  A.   Clevela?id  Coxe,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of  Wesfer?i  Nezv 

York,  Chairmafi  of  the  Commisdoii  on   Church  Unity  of  the 

General  Co?iventio?i  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  : 

"Philadelphia,    Pa,,    Sept.    25. — Right     Reverend    and   Dear 

Brother:     Your    letter    of    April    25,    1895,    acknowledging   the 

receipt    of    our    communication    containing    the    action    of    our 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  2^9 

General  Assembly  touching  mutual  recognition  and  reciprocity, 
has  been  received.  We  greatly  regret  to  learn  from  it  that 
you  and  your  brethren  on  the  commission  regard  the  action  of 
our  assembly  an  equivalent  to  the  expression  of  a  desire  on 
its  part  that  all  negotiations  between  us  should  cease.  Such 
we  can  authoritatively  say  was  not  the  intention.  The  assem- 
bly desires  that  the  negotiations  should  continue,  and  result,  if 
not  in  an  organization  of  the  two  churches,  at  least  in  closer 
relations,  hearty  co-operation  in  the  work  of  the  Lord,  and 
even  a  federation  for  that  work,  and  will  regret  exceedingly  if 
there  should  be  a  failure  in  reaching  these  highly  desirable 
ends.  But  the  assembly  believes  that  the  mutual  recognition 
and  reciprocity  which  now  prevail  between  the  great  majority 
of  the  evangelical  Churches  of  Christendom  should  be  explic- 
itly accepted  also  by  your  Church.  At  the  time  of  our 
appointment  in  1887,  our  General  Assembly  affirmed  that  such 
mutual  recognition  and  reciprocity  was  'the  first  and  essential 
step  towards  practical  Church  Unity.'  We  so  informed  you  in 
the  beginning  of  our  negotiations,  but  you  responded  in  sub- 
stance that  you  were  not  then  authorized  to  consider  the  mat- 
ter. Your  language  was:  'Our  authority  at  present  extends 
only  to  a  search  for  the  basis  of  unity.'  'The  question  of 
reciprocity  is  one  that  will  probably  be  for  consideration  as  a 
tentative  measure  in  the  course  of  our  further  negotiations.' 
We  again  directed  your  attention  to  the  importance  of  the 
question  by  a  proposition  for  an  exchange  of  pulpits.  Receiv- 
ing from  the  Chairman  of  your  commission  a  communication 
to  the  effect  that  you  could  not  negotiate  on  that  subject,  with- 
out authority  from  your  General  Convention,  our  General  Assem- 
bly instructed  us  to  suspend  the  correspondence  until  your 
commission  should  secure  from  your  General  Convention  such 
authority.  This,  we  repeat,  was  not  the  prompting  of  a  desire 
to  end  the  correspondence,  but  an  expression  of  the  import- 
ance of  the  doctrine  of  mutual  recognition  and  reciprocity. 
Our  General  Assembly  did  not  direct  the  cessation  of  corres- 
pondence, but  only  its  suspension.  We  trust  that  your  General 
Convention  will  take  such  action  as  will  leave  open  the  door 
to  future  correspondence — and  that  such  correspondence  will 
lead  to  the  happiest  results. 

"Personally  the  brotherly  conference  in  which  wc  have  been 
engaged  have  brought  to  us  their  own  reward.  We  have 
learned  to  know  and  love  each  other  as  brethren,  and  to  rejoice 
in  the  recognition  of  each  other's  gifts  and  graces,  as  we  have 
taken  sweet  counsel  together  and  talked  one  to  another  of  the 
things  pertaining  to  the  King.  Our  hours  of  communion  with 
you,  dear  brethren,  we  will  ever  recall  with  delight,  and  cherish 
their  memory  as  blessed  preludes  to  that  unbroken  communion 
we  hope  soon  to  enjoy  with  you  in  the    Father's  house  above. 


260  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Allow  us  again  to  express  the  earnest  desire  that  nothing  which 
has  recently  occurred  may  interrupt  our  earnest  and  continued 
efforts  to  bring  the  churches  we  respectively  represent  into 
closer  fellowship  and  ultimate  union  with  each  other. 

"In  behalf  of  the  Committee  on  Christian  Unity  of  the 
General  Assembly  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United 
States  of  America. 

Wm.  Henry  Roberts." 

BISHOP    COXE's    reply. 

To  the  Rev.  Dr.  Roberts,  etc.,  Philadelphia  : 

"Rev.  and  Dear  Sir:  In  acknowledging  your  kind  com- 
munication of  September  25,  the  receipt  of  which  I  have  already 
announced  by  private  letter,  I  congratulate  myself  that  our 
'General  Convention'  being  now  in  session,  one  great  obstacle 
in  our  fraternal  interchanges  is  removed.  For  three  years  we 
have  been  obliged  to  repeat  the  explanation  of  our  difficulties 
in  replying  to  your  polite  letters,  arising  from  delays  on  our 
part,  while  your  corresponding  legislature,  the  General  Assem- 
bly, has  enjoyed  more  frequent  opportunities  of  giving  instruc- 
tion to  your  venerated  committee  and  of  receiving  your  re- 
ports. 

"What  our  General  Convention  may  resolve  touching  the 
facts  we  now  lay  before  them  will  be  duly  communicated  by 
our  Secretary  at  the  conclusion  of  the  sessions.  For  the  present 
I  perform  the  duty  of  presenting,  at  their  request,  the  views  of 
our  commission,  as  they  will  be  embodied  in  our  report. 

"We  are  glad  to  be  informed  officially  that  it  was  not  the 
intention  of  the  General  Assembly  to  put  an  end  to  further 
communications  between  us,  and  heartily  respond  to  the  desire 
that  they  be  continued  with  favorable  results. 

"This  assurance,  however,  would  be  of  greater  importance, 
practically,  were  it  not  somewhat  modified  when  you  add  the 
words:  'But  the  assembly  believes  that  the  mutual  recognition 
of  reciprocity  which  now  prevails  between  the  great  majority 
of  evangelical  churches  of  Christendom,  should  be  explicitly 
accepted  also  by  your  Church.' 

"Our  authority,  as  we  have  previously  stated,  extends  only 
at  present  to  the  furthering  of  a  search  for  a  basis  of  unity 
under  the  four  conditions  recognized  in  the  '  Lombeth  Quadri- 
lateral'  (so-called).  The  definition  of  'reciprocity'  thus  em- 
phatically made  gives  grave  significance,  in  our  opinion,  in  two 
paragraphs  which  state  the  action  of  your  General  Assembly 
upon  your  reports  to  that  reverend  and  honorable  body.  We 
quote  them  as   follows: 

"  First.  '  In  view  of  this  history,  thus  briefly  sketched,  your 
Committee  believes  that  the  correspondence    of   the    Protestant 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  26 1 

Episcopal  Commission  should  be  suspended  until  action  is  taken 
upon  our  proposition  concerning-  reciprocity  by  the  General 
Convention.     We  recommend,  therefore,  the  following  action: 

"  Second.  '  The  General  Assembly,  on  the  request  of  its 
Committee,  directs  it  to  suspend  further  correspondence  with 
the  Protestant  Episcopal  Commission  until  that  Commission 
secures  from  its  General  Convention  instructions  to  accept  and 
act  upon  the  doctrine  of  mutual  recognition  and  reciprocity.' 

"  It  thus  appears  that  this  positive  action  of  the  Assembly 
was  taken  '  on  the  request  of  its  Committee.'  In  your  present 
polite  letter  you  express  the  trust  that  our  General  Convention 
'will  take  such  action  as  will  leave  open  the  door  to  future 
correspondence.'  In  other  words,  this  door  is  effectually  closed 
until  we  comply  with  the  demand  which  seems  to  us  to  substitute 
for  the  fourth  Lambeth  proposition  an  entirely  new  condition, 
— one  which,  in  the  present  stage  of  our  conferences,  is  a  con- 
dition not  only  inconsistent  with,  but  in  fact  subversive  of  its 
purpose  and  its  spirit. 

"  Its  spirit,  let  me  remind  our  Christian  brethren  of  the 
Committee,  is  the  enforcement  of  our  Lord's  own  conception 
of  unity  among  His  followers,  expressed  in  His  grand  mediato- 
rial intercession,  on  the  night  before  He  suffered.  His  follow- 
ers were  to  be  one,  not  in  a  social  or  sentimental  unity,  like 
the  friendships  of  good  men,  but  in  a  unity  like  that  in  which 
he  could  say:  'I  and  my  Father  are  one.'  Such  unity  He 
made  the  pre-requisite  of  universal  evangelization.  Our  belief, 
therefore,  is  that  modern  missions  to  the  heathen  will  be  com- 
paratively unfruitful  till  the  unhappy  divisions  of  true  disciples 
of  Christ  are  effectually  healed.  Not  until  then,  it  follows  from 
the  Master's  language,  will  the  world  believe  in  the  divine 
mission  of  the  incarnate  Word. 

"  Such  being  the  spirit  of  the  Lambeth  propositions,  our 
purpose  was  to  reanimate  true  Christians  to  renewed  efforts  for 
the  restoration  of  primitive  unity  as  described  in  Holy  Scriptures, 
—  a  unity  of  common  sacraments  and  prayers,  the  common 
creed  and  the  apostolic  fellowship.  We  did  not  make  any  de- 
mand for  unity  with  us  as  a  local  Church  ;  we  called  attention 
to  the  importance  of  conformity  to  the  standards  of  'first  faith,' 
'first  love,' and  'first  works,'  prescribed  by  our  Lord  Himself 
to  the  Churches  of  Asia.  We  recognize  many  things  to  be 
amended  in  ourselves,  and  much  to  be  admired  and  imitated  in 
others  ;  but  it  is  by  converging  lines  directed  to  this  common 
point,  from  which  we  have  all  more  or  less  departed,  that  we 
may  meet  at  last.  Were  we  striving  for  our  own  aggrandize- 
ment, or  for  principles  peculiar  to  ourselves,  we  could  expect 
no  blessing  upon  our  endeavors.  We  stated  nothing  of  the 
kind  ;  we  have  cited  only  the  scriptural  prescription  of  the 
Christian  Church,  once  universally  accepted.     He  who  will  not 


262  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

'hear  the  Church'  makes  himself  as  a  heathen  man  and  a  pub- 
lican. We  aim  for  ourselves  to  escape  this  condemnation,  by 
conformity  to  the  great  principles  in  which  true  believers  once 
confronted  a  hostile  world,  in    one  communion   and    fellowship. 

"  With  brethren  so  greatly  honored  as  those  whom  we  now 
address  through  your  Committee,  it  would  be  an  impertinence 
to  speak  ambiguously  on  interests  so  sacred,  involving  the  propa- 
gation of  the  gospel  to  millions  of  unevangelized  men.  To 
conceal  in  any  respect  our  convictions  of  truth  would  be  un- 
worthy of  ourselves.  We  do  not  write  as  diplomatists;  we 
would  be  slow  to  imagine  ourselves  affronted,  and  we  are  most 
anxious  not  to  give  offense  ;  but  we  cannot  accept  what  is 
specified  in  limine  as  the  'open  door'  to  further  negotiations. 
Instead  of  the  historic  episcopate,  you  would  substitute  '  the 
mutual  recognition  and  reciprocity  which  now  prevail  between 
the  great  majority  of  evangenical  Churches  of  Christendom.' 
Of  this  sort  of  unity  '  an  exchange  of  pulpits '  is  suggested  to 
us  as  the  outward  and  visible  sign.  We  must  frankly  confess 
that  this  is  the  unreal  and  delusive  idea  of  unity,  which  permits 
divisions  to  be  multiplied  without  end,  and  which  we  had  sup- 
posed both  your  Committee  and  our  Commission  were  fraternally 
endeavoring  to  correct. 

"Great  have  been  our  hopes  that  Presbyterian  brethren  were 
awakening  to  the  fact  that  we  and  they  were  originally  one 
family  in  the  Reformed  Church  of  England  ;  that  the  history 
of  the  Anglo-Saxon  race  is  our  common  history,  and  that  all 
things  in  our  existing  circumstances  and  relations  to  our  beloved 
country  invite  us  to  set  an  example  of  restored  unity,  and  of 
united  effort  for  the  propagation  of  the  blessed  gospel  among 
our  own  countrymen  and  all  the  world.  In  three  points  of  the 
'Lambeth  Quadrilateral'  (so-called)  we  are  supposed  to  coincide  ; 
it  is  the  fourth  which  we  are  now  called  upon  to  surrender  if 
our  communications  are  to  be  continued. 

"  Have  our  Presbyterian  brethren  forgotten  that  they  them- 
selves, so  long  ago  as  A.  D.  i66o,  pronounced  the  reformed 
episcopate,  as  we  have  done,  to  be  the  most  practical  step 
towards  a  reunion  of  Christendom,  if  ever  such  a  blessing  might 
be  regained?  They  then  declared  that  Presbyterian  principles 
do  not  conflict  with  such  an  episcopate  as  that  of  the  Anglican 
Church,  but  only  require  the  admission  of  presbyters  and  lay- 
men to  share  in  synodical  legislation.  Was  it  not  reasonable 
in  us  to  expect  the  Presbyterians  would  be  the  first  among 
American  Christians  to  join  us  in  support  of  a  principle  to  which 
they  are  themselves  historically  committed  ?  Can  anything  be 
conceived  of  as  more  likely  to  make  the  gospel,  in  all  its  prac- 
tical influences,  triumphant  throughout  this  land,  than  such  an 
example  of  healing  a  breach,  and  'restoring  paths  to  dwell  in.' 
Our  Commission  is  united  in  the  conviction  that  for  the  present, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  263 

and  until  Providence  sets  before  us  an  'open  door'  for  a  re- 
sumption of  our  conferences,  it  is  proper  for  us  to  accept  the 
action  of  the  Assembly  (made  'on  the  request  of  its  Committee') 
that  such  conferences  should  be  suspended,  but  only  for  the 
present. 

"  We  know  that  you  will  join  us  in  prayers  to  God  for  a 
speedy  renewal  of  our  fraternal  relations.  On  our  part,  we  shall 
pray  for  forgiveness,  if,  by  any  fault  of  our  own,  the  proposals 
of  Richard  Baxter  and  his  brethren,  in  1660,  were  relegated  to 
a  suspension,  which  for  two  centuries  has  perpetuated  a  mel- 
ancholy division  amongst  Christians  who  are  so  truly  described 
in  the  scriptural  phrase,  'Sirs,  ye  are    brethren.' 

"'Brethren'  we  are,  whose  united  forces  might  have  accom- 
plished most  glorious  results  for  mankind,  whose  discords  have 
brought  reproach  upon  the  gospel  of  Christ. 

"  Believe  me,  reverend  and  dear  brother,  that  our  Commis- 
sion returns  this  reply  with  no  feelings  of  diminished  Chris- 
tian regard  for  your  Committee  ;  and  I  am  personally  your 
obliged  friend  and  brother  in  Christ. 

A.  Cleveland  Coxe, 

Chairman,"  etc. 

In  concluding  his  report.  Dr.  Duncan,  for  the  Committee, 
recommended  that  work  be  continued  along  the  lines  of  Bishops' 
declaration  without  restricting  it  to  the  four  points  that  had 
been  taken  out  of  the  original  declaration. 

The  resolutions  recommended  by  the  Committee  continuing 
the  life  of  the  Commission  without  enlarging  its  powers  were 
unanimously  adopted. 

Attention  was  then  given  to  messages  from  the  House  of 
Bishops. 

Message  No.  90  referred  simply  to  a  slight  verbal  alteration 
in  the  resolution  in  Message  64  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  and 
was  acted  upon  favorably  by  the  House. 

Message  No.  91  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  recommended 
continuance  of  the  Joint  Commission  on  the  Hymnal,  and  power 
to  act  in  the  correction  of  such  errors  as  may  still  be  discov- 
ered in  the  book,  and  to  render  the  hymns  of  living  authors 
in  accordance  with  the  wishes  of  the  writers. 

Message  No.  92  adopted  the  report  on  Church  Unity,  with 
its  .resolutions. 

Message  No.  93  appointed  as  additional  members  on  the 
Church  Unity  Commission,  the  Bishops  of  Pennsylvania  and 
Chicago. 


264  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Message  No.  94  appointed  as  members  of  the  committee  to 
certify  as  to  changes  in  Canons  the  Bishops  of  Iowa  and  East 
Carolina. 

Message  No.  95  agreed  to  a  committee  of  conference  in 
regard  to  proposed  Amendments  to  the  Canons  on  Ordination, 
and  named  as  members  of  that  committee  the  Bishops  of  West 
Michigan,  Eastern  and  East  Carolina. 

Message  No.  96  acceded  to  request  for  Committee  of  Con- 
ference in  regard  to  binding  the  Hymnal  and  Prayer  Book,  and 
appointed  the  Bishops  of  Maine,  New  York  and  Florida,' 

The  Chairman  of  the  House  of  Deputies  then  appointed  on 
this  Committee  of  Conference  the  Rev.  Dr.  Nelson,  and  Messrs. 
Morgan  and  Thomas. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  Committee  on  Canons, 
then  reported  in  favor  of  the  House  concurring  in  Message  No. 
87  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  as  to  the  phraseology  in  the  re- 
quirements for  setting  off  Missionary  Districts,  with  reference 
to  the  clause  providing  for  the  consent  of  the  Convention. 
Also,  non-concurrence  in  Message  No.  88,  and  a  request  for  a 
Committee  of  Conference,  as  said  Message  No.  88  purported 
to  relate  to  Message  No.  56  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  but  as 
a  matter  of  fact  proposed  an  amendment  to  a  Canon  not  re- 
ferred to  in  said  message  of  the  House  of  Deputies  —  not 
germane  to  that  message. 

The  reports  from  the  Committee  on  Canons  were  adopted. 
A  deputy  from  Kentucky  asked  what  arrangements  had  been 
made  for  providing  seats  for  ladies  during  the  reading  of  the 
Pastoral  Letter,  to-morrow  afternoon. 

The  Chair  replied  that  no  arrangements  had  been  made,  but 
that  it  was  probably  understood  that  the  Deputies  would  not 
occupy  more  than  the  body  of  the  house,  and  the  ladies  would 
have  the  seats  both  under  and  in  the  galleries. 

Dr.  Huntington,  for  the  Committee  on  Amendments  to  the 
Constitution,  reported,  favoring  concurrence  in  Message  No.  90 
of  the  House  of  Bishops,  making  a  verbal  change  in  Article  5, 
from  "as  well  as,"  to  "in  no  case  without." 

Upon  a  vote  being  taken,  it  resulted  as  follows  :  clerical 
vote,  ayes  49  ;    lay  vote,  ayes  32.     None  voted  in  the  negative. 

Dr.  Duncan,  of  Louisiana,  moved  that  two  clergymen  and 
two  laymen  be  named  as  additional  members  of  the  Commission 
on  Christian  Unity.       This  was  carried. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  265 

Message  No.  97,  from  the  House  of  Bishops,  announced  the 
adoption  of  a  resolution  constituting  the  northern  portion  of  the 
Diocese  of  Minnesota  as  a  Missionary  District,  to  be  known  as 
the  Missionary  District  of  Duluth.  The  Presiding  Bishop  is  to 
be  requested  to  take  charge  of  the  same  until  provided  with  a 
Bishop,  and  consent  is  given  to  the  election  of  a  Bishop  during 
the  recess. 

The  House  concurred  in  the  message. 

Dr.  Spalding  moved  the  House  to  adjourn,  it  being  4:30,  but 
his  motion  was  lost.  At  a  little  later  period.  Dr.  Alsop  renewed 
the  motion,  stating  that  the  House  of    Bishops  had    adjourned. 

The  Chairman  said  he  must  rule  out  of  order  any  reference 
to  the  House  of  Bishops  in  influencing  the  action  of  that  House. 
However,  the  motion  was  carried,  and  the   House  adjourned. 


CHAPTER   XXV. 

The  House  of  Deputies. 

october   22nd. 

THIS  was  the  closing  day.  Many  of  the  Deputies  had  left 
the  city,  but  many  more  than  sufficient  remained  for  the 
transaction  of  the  business  of  the  Convention.  Much  formal 
business  came  before  the  House.  Perhaps  the  most  important 
statement  was  one  made  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Washington, 
D.  C,  regarding  the  new  Diocese.     He  said  : 

"  It  will  have  nine  thousand  communicants  and  seventy 
clergymen,  with  fifty  thousand  dollars  endowment ;  the  Diocese 
of  Maryland  giving  one-third  of  its  possessions  to  the  new 
Diocese  of  Washington.  Without  a  single  dissenting  voice, 
has  this  generous  deed  been  done.  If  we  cannot  take  you,  the 
next  Convention,  to  a  great  State  University,  we  will  show  you 
a  great  national  library,  of  two  million  volumes." 

Dr.  Elliott  paid  a  glowing  tribute  to  the  hospitality  of 
Minnesota. 

Message  No.  98  from  the  House  of  Bishops  announced  the 
setting  off  of  the  Missionary  District  of  Asheville  from  the 
Diocese  of  North  Carolina,  placing  it  under  the  care  of  the 
Presiding  Bishop  for  the  present,  and  providing  that  it  may 
have  a  Bishop  of  its  own  elected  by  the  House  of  Bishops 
during  the  recess  of  the  General  Convention.  The  House  con- 
curred. 

Message  No.  99  was  received,  announcing  reconsideration  of 
the  Message  of  the  Deputies  No.  79,  and  concurrence  therewith. 

Message  No.  100  reported  a  resolution  that  the  secretaries 
of  the  two  Houses  be  instructed  to  postpone   the   work  of   in- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  267 

dexing  the  Journal  and  Digest  until  action  had  been  taken  by 
the  Joint  Committee  on  the  Revision  of  the  Canons. 

Message  No.  loi  from  the  House  of  Bishops  concurred  in 
Message  No.  71  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  proposing  an  addi- 
tional paragraph  to  Article  v  of  the  Constitution. 

Message  No.  102  reported  in  favor  of  continuing  the  Joint 
Committee  on  the  provincial  system.  The  House  of  Deputies 
concurred. 

Message  No.  103  proposed  the  postponement  of  considera- 
tion of  the  subject  of  Swedish  Orders  until  the  next  General 
Convention,  and  named  as  an  additional  member  of  the  Com- 
mittee the  Bishop  Coadjutor  of  Minnesota  (Gilbert). 

THANKS    TO    PRESIDENT    DIX. 

Mr.  Biddle,  by  request  from  the  Deputies  from  Pennsylvania, 
then  offered  the  following  resolution  : 

Resolved,  That  this  House  hereby  expresses  its  hearty  ap- 
preciation of  the  uniform  dignity,  courtesy  and  impartiality  with 
which  the  President  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Morgan  Dix,  has  presided  over  its  deliberations. 

The  resolution  was  carried  unanimously  by  a  rising  vote. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Dix:  "My  dear  Brethren  and  Gentlemen  of 
the  House  of  Deputies:  —  In  offering  and  adopting  this  reso- 
lution, you  have  conferred  upon  me  another  and  a  most  valuable 
proof  of  }'our  confidence  and  regard.  When  we  met  in  this 
place  three  weeks  ago,  or  nearly  so,  and  when  for  the  fourth 
time  in  the  history  of  this  Convention,  I  was  chosen  to  be  its 
Presiding  Officer,  I  asked  for  your  kind  consideration  and  told 
you  then  that  I  should  only  feel  willing  to  enter  upon  the 
discharge  of  the  duties  of  this  office  if  I  could  rely  upon  the 
confidence  and  sympathy  of  this  House.  I  have  had  them  from 
beginning  to  end.  The  hours  are  not  very  few.  The  Conven- 
tion will  soon  adjourn  without  day,  and  its  record  will  go  into 
the  history  of  the  past.  It  may  be  thought  by  some  that  the 
position  which  I  have  occupied  by  your  favor  is  a  difficult  and 
trying  one.  I  may  say,  my  dear  brethren  and  gentlemen  of 
the  House  of  Deputies,  that  I  think  this  Convention  has  been, 
in  some  respects,  one  of  the  most  trying  in  our  history,  owing 
to  the  perplexities,  involvements  and  complications  in  which, 
from  time  to  time,  we  have    been    involved    in   discussing   very 


268  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COm^ENTION. 

difficult  and  important  questions  that  have  come  up  before  the 
House  ;  but  I  desire  to  say  that  I  have  not  found  the  position 
as  Presiding  Officer  a  difficult  or  trying  one,  and  the  reason  is 
because  I  have  had,  as  I  say,  such  a  body  of  clergy  and  laity 
as  yourselves.  I  doubt  very  much,  my  dear  brethren  and 
friends,  whether  there  can  be  found  in  this  country  a  body 
more  orderly,  more  regular  in  its  proceedings,  than  this,  and  it 
is  the  greatest  delight  to  me  to  think,  in  recalling  the  days 
during  which  we  have  been  sitting  here,  that,  so  far  as  I  can 
remember,  not  one  unkind  word,  not  one  discourteous  expres- 
sion—  nothing  that  any  member  would  desire  to  recall  —  has 
been  spoken  or  done  here  in  my  presence. 

"  No  wonder.  You  are  priests  of  the  Church  of  God  ;  you 
are  communicants  of  the  Church.  You  are,  I  am  sure,  in  your 
action,  under  the  direction  and  government  of  the  Holy  Ghost, 
and  who  could  find  it  hard  to  direct  the  proceedings  of  a  body 
under  such  influences  and  bound  by  such  ties,  inspired  by  such 
grace  from  above  ?  It  has  been  my  greatest  pleasure  and  com- 
fort, and  very  light  work,  to  preside  over  your  deliberations, 
and  in  view  ,of  your  kind  action,  one  more  of  the  innumerable 
expressions  of  your  kindness  towards  me  in  my  position,  I  re- 
turn my  thanks  for  your  sympathy  (which  I  know  I  have),  for 
your  uniform  courtesy,  and  for  the  kindness  that  I  have  always 
experienced  from  this  body.  I  believe,  when  we  all  go  to  our 
homes,  we  shall  be  thankful  for  the  results  of  this  present 
session ;  we  shall  feel  that  though  it  looks  as  if  but  little  had 
been  done,  a  great  deal  has  been  done,  and  one  of  the  best 
things  in  the  sight  afforded  by  the  orderly  conduct,  gentlemanly, 
courteous.  Christian  bearing  indicated  throughout  the  conduct 
and  deliberations  of  the  actions  of  this  House.  I  thank  you 
most  cordially,  my  dear  brethren  and  friends,  with  all  my  heart, 
and  shall  fondly  cherish  this  new  and  final  proof  of  your  kind- 
ness towards  me." 

Dr.  Davenport,  from  the  Committee  on  Canons,  presented 
a  report  concerning  the  proposed  amendments  to  Title  i.  Canon 
7,  Clause  B,  and  also  Clause  A  of  the  same  Canon.  The 
Committee  recommended  that  the  subject  be  referred  to  the 
Joint  Committee  on  the  Revision  of  the  Canons.  The  House 
so  referred  it. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  269 

The  same  Committee  also  presented  a  report  asking  leave 
to  add  to  Title  i,  Canon  ig,  concerning  the  election  of  a  Mis- 
sionary Bishop  during  the  recess  of  the  General  Convention 
the  following  words,  "  this  Canon  shall  take  effect  immediately." 
The  words  were  so  added. 

Rev.  H.  P.  Nichols,  of  Minnesota,  on  behalf  of  the  local 
committee,  desired  to  return  thanks  to  the  Convention  for  their 
very  courteous  treatment  of  the  modest  efforts  to  entertain  them. 
Whatever  success  had  been  attained  by  the  local  committee  was 
due  to  the  information  received  from  the  undivided  Diocese  of 
Maryland  ;  and  the  committee  also  acted  from  suggestions  given 
by  the  local  committee  in  Baltimore.  Now,  if  the  new  Diocese 
of  Washington  would  follow  Catholic  tradition,  this  local  com- 
mittee would  be  very  glad  to  give  them  suggestions. 

Dr.  Carey,  of  Albany,  moved  that  "the  thanks  of  this  House 
be  tendered  to  the  Secretary  and  his  assistants  for  their  efifi- 
ciency  and  uniform  courtesy  to  its  members  and  the  facilities 
which  they  have  offered  them  for  the  work  of  the  Conven- 
tion." 

This  was  carried  unanimously  and  Dr.  Dix,  in  felicitous 
words,  expressed  his  personal  gratitude  to  the  Secretary  and 
his  assistants,  who  had  been  very  helpful  to  him  all  through 
the  Convention.  The  Deputies  were  in  a  very  happy  mood; 
Mr.  Goodwin,  of  Connecticut,  Mr.  Pierpont  Morgan  and  others 
were  talking  about  the  promptness  and  gentlemanliness  of  the 
pages  and  their  uniform  attention  to  the  duties  assigned  to 
them.  There  is  a  good  deal  of  man  about  all  noble  boys,  and 
a  good  deal  of  the  boy  about  all  noble  men,  and  it  would  be 
hard  to  say  whether  the  Deputies  or  the  pages  took  the  more 
interest  in  what  was  now  being  done.  The  writer  knows  the 
profound  impression  the  Deputies  made  upon  the  pages  every 
day  of  the  Convention,  and  the  intelligent  way  the  pages  kept 
track  of  the  business  in  hand;  they  were  well-trained  lads  who 
had  had  every  advantage  in  life,  and  their  services  were  all 
given  absolutely  free;  and  I  doubt  not  that  each  and  every 
one  of  these  pages  will,  for  many  a  long  year,  think  that  to  be 
a  distinguished  member  of  the  House  of  Deputies  of  the 
American  Church,  is  to  attain  a  dignity  worthy  the  highest 
ambition  of  the  most  distinguished  man.  Mr.  Ringwall,  of 
Nebraska,  engraved  his  photograph  in  the  hearts  of  the   pages 


2/0  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

by  moving  a  resolution  that  appropriate  medals  be  struck  off 
for  the  boys.  The  Chair  said  it  would  have  to  go  to  the 
Committee  on  Expenses,  and  Mr.  Sowdon,  of  Massachusetts, 
asked  that  a  meeting  of  the  committee  be  called  at  once. 
This  was  done,  and  the  committee  reported  that  there  were  no 
funds  available  for  the  purpose,  but  expressed  the  opinion  that 
any  members  who  wished  to  contribute  to  a  fund  could  send 
the  money  up  to  the  Secretary's  desk  at  once. 

An  offering  was  taken,  and  more  than  $20  each  was  given 
to  the  boys.  As  old  larks  sing,  young  larks  learn  how  to  sing. 
After  the  boys  had  received  the  money,  the  Secretary  read  the 
following  resolution,  which  has  in  it  a  gleam  of  wit  and  is  full 
of  gratitude: 

"House  of  Pages,  last  day  of  the  session. — The  House  of 
Pages  beg  leave  to  inform  the  House  of  Deputies  that  they 
have  adopted  the  following  resolution: 

''Resolved,  Our  thanks  are  hereby  returned  to  the  House  of 
Deputies  for  their  kind  appreciation  of  our  services." 

It  is  doubtful  if  any  message  ever  read  by  Secretary  Hutch- 
ins  created  keener  delight.  At  first  the  Deputies  looked  and 
smiled,  and  then  grave  doctors,  learned  professors,  eminent 
bankers  and  jurists  laughed  as  they  had  not  laughed  in  many 
a  long  day,  and  the  pages,  all  unmoved,  were  as  quiet  as  the 
statue  of  Memnon  in  the  desert  of  Egypt  on  a  dark  night.  A 
spirit  of  pure  pleasure  was  contagious,  and  Dr.  Dodge,  of 
Georgia,  moved  that  thanks  be  extended  to  the  regular  speakers 
who  had  enlightened  them  with  their  eloquence  and  instructed 
them  with  their  knowledge. 

Dr.  Perkins  asked  if  an  amendment  were  in  order  to  include 
the  mover. 

Another  Deputy  thought  thanks  should  be  returned  to  those 
who  had  not  spoken. 

Message  No.  107  announced  that  the  House  of  Bishops  had 
received  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Conference  and  had 
receded  from  its  action  rescinding  the  resolution  which  author- 
ized the  binding  of  the  Hymnal  with  the  Prayer  Book. 

Dr.  Baker,  of  New  Jersey,  stated  that  the  Joint  Commission 
on  Archives  had  a  lengthy  report  prepared  by  the  Secretary, 
the  Bishop  of  Iowa.  The  report  having  been  presented  to  the 
House  of  Bishops,  it  would  be  printed  in  the  appendix  to  the 
Journal. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  27 1 

Rev.  Mr.  Schouler,  of  Easton,  moved  that  thanks  be  given  to 
the  organist  of  Gethsemane  Church  for  his  assistance  at  the 
daily  services  of  the  Convention.     This  was  carried. 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington  stated  that  at  the  last  Convention  an 
amendment  was  sent  down  to  Article  viii,  making  it  necessary 
hereafter,  in  amending  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  that  there 
should  be  the  consent  of  the  Dioceses  represented  in  both 
orders.  He,  therefore,  asked  the  adoption  of  the  following 
resolution: 

Resolved,  The  proposed  amendment  to  Article  vni  of  the 
Constitution  adopted  at  the  last  General  Convention  and  made 
known   to  the  several  Dioceses  be  now  adopted. 

Rev.  Dr.  Fulton  stated  that  it  required  the  concurrence  of 
both  orders  in  making  any  amendment  to  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer.  He  doubted  the  propriety  of  adopting  such  an  amend- 
ment. 

Rev.  Dr.  Richards  asked  if  the  wisdom  of  the  Church  was 
so  concentrated  in  this  House  of  1895  ^^^^^t  they  could  not  con- 
ceive of  similar  wisdom  being  found  in  other  Conventions.  He 
hardly  thought  that  they  should  bind  posterity. 

Rev.  J.  J.  Faude  considered  that  the  amendment  would 
cause  a  revolution  in  the  legislativ^e  policy  of  this  House. 

Message  No.  108  from  the  House  of  Bishops  was  then  read 
and  proved  to  be  on  the  same  subject,  announcing  that  the 
House  of  Bishops  had  finally  agreed  to  and  ratified  the  amend- 
ment to  the  Constitution,  proposed  in  the  last  General  Con- 
vention, amending  Article  viii. 

Mr.  Biddle  was  of  the  opinion  that  the  amendment  should 
be  voted  down,  while  Dr.  Morrison  hoped  that  the  House 
would  concur  in  the  message  from  the  House  of  Bishops. 

Re\\  E.  S.  Lines,  of  Connecticut,  hoped  they  would  not 
concur. 

Mr.  Bennett,  of  Massachusetts,  thought  that  they  should 
understand  the  position  thoroughly  before  acting  upon  it. 

Rev.  Dr.  Elliott,  of  Maryland,  stated  that  it  was  proposed  at 
a  previous  Convention  that  when  the  vote  was  taken  it  must  be 
by  Dioceses.  In  1808  a  vote  was  taken  by  Dioceses  and  they 
were  only  following  in  the  steps  of  the  past.  He  had  brought 
in  this  proposition  because  it  was  felt  that  revision  of  the 
Prayer  Book  was  closed  for  some  time  to    come,    and    that    by 


272  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

the  adoption  of  this  resolution  the  Church  might  be  put  at  rest 
and  peace  on  the  subject. 

Message  No.  IG9  from  the  House  of  Bishops  informed  the 
House  of  nonconcurrence  in  the  resolution  contained  in  Mes- 
sage No.  85,  and  asked  for  a  Committee  of  Conference,  the 
House  of  Bishops  having  appointed  upon  such  committee  the 
Bishop  of  Colorado  and  the  Bishop  Coadjutor  of  Minnesota. 

Message  No.  no  stated  that  the  House  of  Bishops  had 
completed  its  work  and  awaited  any  further  communication 
from  the  House  of    Deputies. 

The  subject  interrupted  by  the  reading  of  the  message  was 
then  again  taken  up,  and  Dr.  Faude  stated  that  there  was  a 
misconception  with  regard  to  Art.  viii,  when  it  was  stated  that 
this  provision  existed  in  certain  cases.  By  this  amendment  it 
was  possible  for  a  single  member  of  a  single  deputation  to 
nullify  the  vote  of  a  whole  Diocese. 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington  stated  that  he  would  withdraw  his  reso- 
lution, in  order  that  the  House  might  concur  or  nonconcur  in  the 
message  from  the  House  of  Bishops  upon  the  same  subject. 

Upon  motion  of  Mr.  Thomas  the  matter  was  referred  to  the 
committee  having  charge  of  the  messages  from  the  House  of 
Bishops. 

The  Chairman  announced  as  the  Committee  of  Conference, 
asked  for  in  Message  No.  109  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
Rev.  Dr.  Morrison,  of  Albany,  and  Mr.  Sanders,  of  Massa- 
chusetts. 

The  following  resolutions,  offered  by  Mr.  Fairbanks,  were 
adopted  : 

Resolved,  All  items  of  unfinished  business  reported  by  the 
committee  be  placed  on  the  calendar  when  reported. 

Resolved,  All  matters  pending  in  this  House  at  the  time  of 
its  final  adjournment  and  remaining  undisposed  of  are  hereby 
referred  to  the  next  General  Convention. 

Rev.  Dr.  Davenport  presented  the  Report  of  the  Committee 
on  Conference  on  the  disagreement  of  the  two  Houses  to  Mes- 
sage No.  88,  and  asked  the  adoption  of  a  resolution  amending 
Title  3,  Canon  2,  Section  3,  defining  the  powers  given  to  a 
Standing  Committee  to  act  in  the  place  of  the  incapability  of  the 
Bishop  of  a  Diocese.     The  resolution  was  adopted. 

The  Committee  of  Conference  on  the  matter  of  Missionary 
Jurisdiction    contributing    to    the    support    of    their    episcopate, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  273 

brought  in  an  amendment  substituting  the  word  "request"  for 
"  require,"  and  leaving  to  the  Board  of  Managers  the  specifi- 
cation of  the  amount. 

Message  No.  115  was  presented  from  the  House  of  Bishops, 
saying  it  had  completed  its  business,  and  that  it  would  adjourn 
till  three  o'clock. 

The  Rev.  Henry  W.  Nelson,  D.  D.,  of  Western  New  York, 
rose  in  his  place  and  said, — "  I  move,  sir,  that  this  House  do 
now  adjourn  till  three  o'clock  this  afternoon,  to  meet  at  that 
hour  with  the  House  of  Bishops  to  hear  the  Pastoral  Letter, 
and  then  stand  adjourned,  si/ie  die."  This  was  passed,  and  every 
one  present  felt  that  an  important  leaf  in  the  history  of  legis- 
lature in  the  American  Church  was  filled,  and  that  it  must 
stand  for  weal  or  woe,  for  all  future  time  a  land  mark. 

CLOSING    SERVICE. 

At  three  o'clock  the  church  was  thronged  with  people. 
The  procession  was  formed  ;  the  choir  of  Gcthsemane  Parish, 
the  secretaries  of  both  the  Houses,  Rev.  J.  J.  F'aude,  Rev.  Dr. 
Dix,  and  the  Bishops  in  their  robes,  took  their  places  in  the 
chancel.  The  Processional  Hymn  was,  "Glorious  Things  of  Thee 
are  Spoken,  Zion,  City  of  our  God."  Every  note  was  sounded 
full  and  clear ;  the  men  and  women  who  sang  put  into  the 
words  their  very  soul ;  they  were  the  expression  of  the  deep- 
est conviction  of  all  present.  Rev.  Morgan  Dix,  D.  D..  led, 
in  his  own  deeply  spiritual  way,  the  prayers  and  the  saying  of 
the  creed.  Then  the  hymn,  "  I  Love  Thy  Kingdom,  Lord," 
was  sung.  At  the  close  of  it,  the  Bishop  of  Long  Island, 
Abram  Newkirk  Littlejohn,  read,  with  great  solemnity  and 
beauty,  the  Pastoral  Letter;  it  was  heard  with  reverential  at- 
tention. 


Rt.  Rev.  a.  N.  Littlejohn,   D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  275 

PASTORAL  LETTER. 

To  Our  Well-Beloved  in  Christ,  the  Clergy  a/id  Laity  of  the  Pro- 
testa?it  Episcopal  Church  in  the  United  States  of  America:  Grace 
be  unto  you,  and  peace,  from  God  our  Father,  and  the  Lord 
yesus  Christ. 

Once  more  it  has  been  our  privilege  to  meet  with  your 
representatives  in  the  Triennial  Convention  of  the  Church.  It 
closes  with  signal  proofs  of  God's  favor.  His  mercies  have 
not  been  hindered  by  the  shortcomings  of  its  members,  or  by 
their  misuse  of  His  grace.  The  bonds  of  brotherhood  in  Christ 
have  been  strengthened  ;  our  missions  have  been  enlarged  ;  and, 
from  statistics  presented,  we  are  able  to  record  many  gratifying 
evidences  of  the  Church's  edification  within  and  of  the  marked 
extension  of  its  influence  without. 

We  thankfully  remember  our  revered  fathers  and  brothers 
who  have  departed  in  the  faith  and  fear  of  God's  Holy  Name, 
and  sadly  miss  some  of  our  number,  of  whose  wise  counsels 
we  have  been  deprived  by  age  and  infirmity.  May  our  com- 
passionate Lord  minister  to  them  grace  and  consolation  in  the 
days  of  their  weakness  and  trial ! 

REVISION    OF    THE    CONSTITUTION. 

The  altered  conditions  of  the  Church,  due  to  its  expanding 
life  in  the  past  century,  have  imposed  upon  this  body  two  very 
grave  and  far-reaching  tasks  —  the  revision  of  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,  and  the  revision  of  the  Constitution  and  Can- 
ons of  the  Church.  The  one  was  happily  completed  three 
years  ago,  and  the  other  has  made  satisfactory  progress  during 
the  session  now  closed.  However  much  these  labors  and  the 
immediate  results  of  them  may  have  taught  us  respecting  past 
defects  and  present  needs  of  the  Church,  they  have  given  us  a 
still  more  important  lesson  respecting  the  identity  and  contin- 
uity of  the  Church  throughout  the  Christian  ages.  We  know^ 
now,  better  than  before  these  tasks  were  undertaken,  what  in 
the  Church  polity  and  worship  is  unchangeable,  and  what  in 
them  can  respond,  under  wise  guidance,  with  a  flexibility  at 
once  conservative  and  progressive,  to  the  ever-shifting  environ- 
ment of  times,  countries,  and  races.  We  have  had,  moreover, 
fresh  and  inspiring  proofs  of  the  transcendent  value  of  the  Cath- 


276  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

oHc  heritage  committed  to  our  keeping,  together  with  a  deep- 
ened sense  of  our  obligation  to  spare  no  effort  to  enable  all 
the  faithful  in  Christ  Jesus  of  every  name  to  share  its  blessings. 
Our  American  fathers  in  the  faith  builded  well  in  their  day  and 
generation.  It  will  be  praise  enough  if  our  children  in  the 
coming  century  shall  be  able  to  say  as  much  of  us. 

OFFERINGS    FOR    MISSIONS. 

The  state  of  the  Church,  so  far  as  is  shown  to  us  in  the 
report  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  brings  to  our  notice  a  serious 
defect  in  the  most  important  department  of  our  common  work 
■ —  namely,  our  domestic  and  foreign  missions.  It  is  true  that, 
through  the  effort  of  the  board  of  managers,  the  debt  which 
threatened  to  cripple  our  missionary  efficiency  has  been  paid. 
But  the  way  in  which  it  was  done  warns  the  members  of  the 
Church  of  a  neglected  duty.  The  large  offerings  of  a  few  rich 
laymen  —  not  more,  perhaps,  than  their  proportion  of  what 
ought  to  be  the  large  sum  given  yearly  for  this  great  work  — 
are  utterly  disproportionate,  whether  measured  by  the  small 
amount  given  by  the  Church  at  large  or  by  the  due  distribution 
of  giving  by  the  whole  body  of  the  laity.  It  is  right  that  the 
rich  should  give  largely ;  it  is  not  right  that  they  should  relieve 
any,  even  the  poorest,  of  his  privilege  of  giving  in  proportion 
to  his  ability.  We  can  never  hope  to  rise  to  the  measure  of 
our  opportunities,  and  of  our  obligations  to  meet  them,  until 
every  baptized  man,  woman,  and  child  shall  give  freely,  sys- 
tematically, conscientiously,  to  the  support  of  the  Gospel  and 
Kingdom  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  In  this  connection,  we  note 
with  grateful  commendation  the  constantly  growing  work  of 
that  efficient  and  generous  helper  of  the  Church's  missions, — 
the  Woman's  Auxiliary.  Its  triennial  offering  this  year,  though 
more  than  two-fold  larger  than  the  previous  one,  is  not  of  so 
much  moment  as  the  glowing  and  energetic  love  for  missions 
which  it  manifests.  Would  that  this  impressive  example  of  zeal 
and  liberality  might  plead,  in  this  day  of  stinted  and  irregular 
giving,  with  every  member  of  the  Church  "to  go  and  do  like- 
wise !" 

FOREIGN    MISSIONS. 

Missions  in  China  have  recently  suffered  a  great  disaster. 
When  least  expecting  it,  the  Church    has    been    shocked  by  an 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  277 

outbreak  of  hostility  and  violence  which  in  the  world's  estima- 
tion has  revived  the  question  of  the  Church's  right  to  be  there 
at  all.  Devoted  missionaries  have  sealed  with  their  blood  the 
faith  they  were  sent  forth  to  teach.  But  this  is  no  new  expe- 
rience of  the  Church  in  the  fulfilment  of  its  duty  to  carry  the 
message  of  life  to  all  nations.  It  has  often  confronted  the 
same  judgment  of  the  world,  and  the  same  temper  in  the  great 
world-religions  which  it  was  set  up  to  supplant.  As  in  the 
ages  past,  so  now,  persecution  will  feed  the  fire  of  Christian 
zeal ;  violence  will  develop  a  more  resolute  courage ;  suffering 
even  unto  death  will  produce  a  more  patient  fortitude  under 
trial,  and  stimulate  the  faithful  to  nobler  ventures  of  self-sacrifice. 
The  greater  the  blindness  and  hatred  of  heathen  people  toward  the 
Gospel  of  Christ,  the  stronger  will  be  the  call  upon  the  servants  of 
Christ  to  endure  hardness  in  the  struggle  to  spread  abroad  His 
words  of  light  and  love.  Such  a  crisis  in  missionary  work  will 
not  be  without  its  use  and  purpose  if,  as  like  ones  have  done 
in  the  past,  it  brings  to  the  front  and  sets  in  battle-array  a 
larger  measure  of  the  heroism  always  latent  in  the  militant 
host  of  Christ.  For  the  present,  then,  the  moral  of  this  calamity 
is  —  more,  not  fewer,  men  in  the  field,  and  larger  offerings  by 
the  Church  to  sustain  them. 

PROGRESS    AT    HOME. 

The  prosperity  and  growth  of  the  Church  are  impressively 
shown  by  the  consent  given  to  the  formation  of  five  new  Dio- 
ceses and  two  new  Missionary  Jurisdictions.  The  reports  of  our 
domestic  Missionary  Bishops  are  full  of  encouragement.  They 
illustrate  and  confirm  the  wise  foresight  which  sent  them  forth 
to  their  respective  fields,  and  abundantly  assure  the  Church 
that  it  is  taking  no  mean  part  in  the  great  task  of  infusing  the 
spirit  of  Christian  institutions  into  the  life  of  new  communities, 
and  into  the  laws  of  newly  organized  states.  Our  Bishops,  as 
men  of  God,  in  those  remoter  parts  of  our  country,  are  the  best 
builders  of  civil  empire  to  the  full  extent  that  they  are  apos- 
tolic builders  of  the  Kingdom  of  Christ.  Not  only  will  souls 
be  saved  and  the  Church  be  strengthened,  but  our  beloved 
country,  in  all  the  younger  offspring  of  its  life,  will  be  enriched 
and  blessed  by  their  labors.  As  they  go  forth  to  their  far-off 
work,  often  almost  single-handed,  let   us   see   that  they  do  so 


278  IIISTORV  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

with  the  encouragement  of  our  sympathy,  with  evident  tokens 
of  our  loving  remembrance,  and  with  the  moral  as  well  as  ec- 
clesiastical authority  of  our  sanction. 

CHRISTIAN    UNITY. 

The  great  question  of  Christian  Unity  continues  to  excite 
our  earnest  solicitude,  though  the  prospect  of  any  immediate 
and  tangible  result  is  not  encouraging.  The  mind  of  the  House 
of  Bishops  as  set  forth  in  the  Declaration  of  1886  is  unchanged. 
Though  that  Declaration  contained  too  much  for  some  and  too 
little  for  others,  we  are  persuaded  that,  as  a  basis  for  discussion 
and  conference,  we  could  not  hope  to  improve  it,  even  with 
the  added  experience  of  the  conflicting  criticisms  of  recent 
years.  We  regret  that  its  overtures  have  not  as  yet  been  ac- 
cepted by  those  to  whom  they  were  addressed,  but  rejoice  to 
know  that  many  of  the  faithful  of  various  ecclesiastical  connec- 
tions have  resolved  to  continue  the  study  of  the  conditions  and 
principles  of  unity  as  exhibited  in  the  once  undivided  Church. 
We  desire  to  assure  all  such,  however  associated  for  the  better 
accomplishment  of  their  purpose,  of  our  sympathy  and  approval, 
and,  so  far  as  may  be  proper  or  needful,  of  our  counsel.  This 
plan  for  leavening  the  general  Christian  mind  with  the  spirit 
of  unity  is  all  the  more  worthy  of  encouragement  because 
attempts  of  formal  conference  with  accredited  representatives 
of  the  several  Christian  communions  concerned  seem,  for  the 
present,  to  be  ended.  Denominational  barriers,  however  rigidly 
maintained,  cannot  hinder  the  prayers  or  fetter  the  aspirations 
or  suppress  the  enquiries  of  the  common  mind  of  Christendom. 
It  is  in  this  direction  that  we  now  turn  with  good  hopes  of 
substantial  fruits  in  the  near  future.  But,  however  earnest  and 
persistent  our  endeavor  to  keep  alive  this  great  movement,  and 
the  deep  yearnings  which  inspire  it,  we  can  imagine  no  circum- 
stance that  would  induce  us  to  consent  to  any  departure  from 
the  ancient  deposit  of  the  faith  and  order  committed  to  our 
keeping  for  the  common  benefit  of  mankind,  or  to  the  impair- 
ment of  any  truly  apostolic  and  Catholic  tradition  of  the  Church, 
or  to  any  measures  which,  in  bringing  us  nearer  to  post-Refor- 
mation communions,  would  create  any  new  obstacles  to  reunion 
with  the  old  historic  branches  of  the  Catholic  Church.  Mean- 
while, wc  have  an  unshaken  faith  in  the  fulfilment  of  our  Lord's 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  279 

prayer  for  the  unity  of  His  people.  We  believe  that  under 
Him,  whatever  the  signs  of  the  times  to  the  contrary,  the  forces 
working-  for  the  restoration  of  such  unity  will  ere  long  triumph 
over  the  forces  working  against  it,  and  that  modern  individualism 
in  religion  will  in  due  time  be  brought  to  recognize  the  fact 
that  whatever  in  it  may  be  needful  to  the  wholesome  spiritual 
progress  of  redeemed  humanity  can  reach  its  proper  develop- 
ment only  as  it  shall  be  trained  into  harmony  with  the  organic 
order  of  the  Kingdom  of  Christ.  In  behalf  of  this  great  interest, 
we  recommend  that  constant  and  earnest  application  be  made 
to  Almighty  God,  and  that  no  effort  be  spared  to  diffuse  a 
knowledge  of  the  true  principles  of  Church  unity  ;  and  that 
the  Feast  of  Whitsunday  be  annually  observed  as  a  most  ap- 
propriate time  for  such  prayer  and  instruction. 

CANDIDATES    FOR    HOLY    ORDERS. 

We  note  only  a  slight  change  in  the  number  of  postulants 
and  candidates  for  Holy  Orders.  This  may  mean  much  or  litttle 
for  the  growth  and  efficiency  of  the  Church.  The  training  of 
candidates  will  be  go\'erned  by  the  supposed  needs  of  the 
Church,  It  is  commonly  assumed  that  the  most  urgent  need 
is  of  men  qualified  to  do  the  work  of  parish  priests.  To  pro- 
vide for  this  need  is  the  chief,  but  it  ought  not  to  be  the 
exclusive,  aim  of  our  theological  schools.  No  candidate  for 
the  sacred  ministry  should,  anywhere  in  the  course  of  his 
preparation,  take  it  for  granted  that  he  will  be  appointed  or 
called  to  the  duties  of  a  settled  pastorate.  Whatever  may  be 
said  of  the  Church's  duty  to  build  up  the  life  within  it  in  the 
grace  and  knowledge  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  it  is  certain  that 
it  is  equally  bound  to  offer  that  grace  and  knowledge  to  the 
life  that  is  without.  Its  mission  is  to  all  that  know  not  God, 
not  less  than  to  those  who  accept  Him.  Indeed,  the  body  of 
Christ  cannot  be  truly  edified  unless  it  offers  its  loving  help  to 
the  nations  and  peoples  of  the  earth  that  sit  in  darkness.  It 
may  need  more  men  for  the  former  ;  but  that  it  needs  some 
men  for  the  latter  task  is  certain.  Now,  it  is  the  fault  of  much 
of  our  training  for  the  ministry  that  it  fails  to  produce  the  kind 
and  number  of  clergy  demanded  by  the  Church  for  its  mission- 
ary work  at  home  and  abroad.  However  it  may  be  accounted 
for,  it    is   painfully    apparent    that    the    self-sacrificing    type    of 


280  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

priestly  service  is,  to  say  the  least,  not  on  the  increase.  Our 
young  men  may  be  intellectually  well  furnished,  may  be  well 
grounded  in  dogmatic  and  practical  theology,  may  have  a  fairly 
good  average  of  personal  energy  and  sincere  desire  to  serve 
the  Master  if  the  service  be  not  too  exacting  and  burdensome  ; 
but  if  their  training  and  outfit  include  nothing  higher  in  motive, 
or  more  intense  in  conviction,  or  more  positive  in  self- conse- 
cration, their  ministry,  in  its  daily  contact  with  the  world,  will 
sooner  or  later  drop  from  the  dignity  and  fervor  of  a  divine 
vocation  to  the  loveless  routine  of  an  ordained  professionalism. 
Better  than  an  army  of  such  the  few  who  indeed  count  all 
things  loss  for  Christ  —  the  few  who,  fresh  from  the  hands  laid 
upon  them  in  ordination,  and  as  if  conscious  of  the  awful  gift 
of  the  Holy  Ghost  then  received,  come  to  the  front  with  their 
lives  in  their  hands,  saying  to  those  set  over  them  in  the  Lord, 
"  We  are  your  servants  for  Christ's  sake ;  send  us  whither  ye 
will,  even  to  the  ends  of  the  earth."  These  are  the  men  for 
whom  China,  and  Japan,  and  Africa,  and  the  waste  places  of 
this  land,  are  waiting  in  their  darkness  and  desolation.  To  call 
for  such  men,  and  to  call  in  vain,  is  the  bitterest  experience 
that  can  befall  the  Church.  Is  this  sort  of  poverty  to  be  reck- 
oned a  part  of  the  Church's  humiliation  at  the  close  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  now  busy  in  rounding  out  the  brilliant  record 
of  its  achievements  in  all  departments  of  the  world's  life?  It 
may  come  to  this,  but  not  without  words  of  warning  and  en- 
treaty from  us.  If,  under  the  pressure  of  a  sore  want,  we  are 
to  plead  for  a  return  of  that  noblest  characteristic  of  the 
Christian  ministry,  which  seems  to  have  so  largely  vanished, 
where  could  we  hope  to  plead  with  such  persuasive  force  as 
here  in  this  great  Northwest,  the  first  pulsations  of  whose  now 
gigantic  life  were  made  to  beat  in  unison  with  the  gospel  of 
Christ  by  the  apostolic  labors  of  James  Lloyd  Breck  and  his 
noble  associates  ? 

WORK  FOR  THE  NEGRO  RACE. 

We  should  fail  in  our  duty  to  a  large  part  of  that  home 
field  of  which  we  have  the  oversight,  did  we  not  strive  to 
impress  upon  all  loyal  citizens  and  loving  Christians  the  vast 
importance  in  Church  and  State  of  that  factor  in  our  civiliza- 
tion known  as  the  nesjro  race.      The  increase   of   numbers  and 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  28 1 

resources  among  them  adds  to  the  gravity  of  the  problem  how 
to  assimilate  these  people  to  our  national  existence,  and  we  are 
confronted  with  the  truth  that  "either  we  must  lift  them  up, 
or  they  will  drag  us  down."  We  have  made  them  citizens,  and 
we  must  make  them  Christians,  really  and  effectually,  or  we 
shall  feel  the  harmful  influence  of  millions,  aggregating  one- 
tenth  of  our  entire  population.  We  thankfully  recognize  the 
moral  advance  of  an  ever-increasing  number  of  this  race  during 
the  past  decade,  but  regret  that  their  still  imperfect  ethical 
standard  is  so  little  aided  by  the  ideas  of  religion  most  preva- 
lent among  them.  The  responsibility  of  this  work  belongs  to 
no  one  section.  To  redeem  and  elevate  these  people  is  a 
demand  which  the  American  Church  cannot  safely  or  reasonably 
decline.  We  urge,  therefore,  upon  our  clergy  and  congregation 
the  need  of  large  gifts  and  endowments  for  the  successful  prose- 
cution of  this  work  through  the  authorized  channels  of  the 
Church. 

THE    DISABLED    CLERGY. 

We  beg  to  call  yovu-  attention  to  the  fund  for  the  relief  of 
disabled  clergymen  and  of  the  widows  and  orphans  of  those 
deceased.  Merely  to  name  this  fund  ought  to  be  enough  to 
command  for  it  the  sympathy  and  help  of  all  whom  our  words 
will  reach.  The  existing  provision  for  this  purpose  is  sadly 
inadequate.  To  increase  it  to  a  suitable  amount  is  a  need  so 
real  and  pressing  that  Churchmen  cannot  longer  neglect  it  with- 
out a  painful  reflection  upon  their  sense  of  obligation  to  those 
who,  having  borne  the  burden  and  heat  of  the  day,  are  now 
struggling  in  loneliness  and  obscurity  with  undeserved  want. 
Let  the  awakened  heart  of  the  Church  prove  its  sorrow  for  this 
great  wrong  by  prompt  and  earnest  endeavors  to  repair  it.  The 
unfilled  treasury  of  this  hallowed  fund  puts  forth  through  us  not 
only  a  pathetic  appeal,  but  a  righteous  demand,  for  large  and 
constant  gifts.  We  earnestly  recommend  that  stated  offerings 
be  made  for  this  fund  annually  —  on  Quinquagesima  Sunday, 
or  on  the  Sunday  nearest  thereto  that  may  be    convenient. 

SOCL\L    PROBLEMS. 

There  are  several  important  topics  which,  for  lack  of  space, 
must  be  briefly  treated.     We  look  with   deep  concern  upon  the 

disturbed  industrial  and  social  relations    of   the  time,  and  sym- 


282  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

pathi/.c  with  every  well-meant  attempt  to  apply  to  them  the 
principle  of  justice  and  love.  The  teachings  of  experience  con- 
firm and  emphasize  those  of  revelation,  and  the  more  we  study 
the  often  misi,niided,  and  sometimes  passionate,  agitations  of 
our  time,  the  more  we  are  convinced  that,  whatever  is  wrong 
in  those  relations  can  find  an  adequate  remedy  only  in  the  law 
of  love  as  delivered  to  us  by  the  word  and  example  of  Him 
who  revealed  and  forever  united  the  Fatherhood  of  God  and 
the  Brotherhood  of  Man. 

THE    lord's    day. 

Recent  events  in  some  parts  of  our  country  compel  us  to 
call  your  attention  to  a  widely- spread  and  determined  attack 
upon  the  use  and  purpose  of  the  weekly  day  of  rest,  known 
from  the  beginning  of  the  Christian  era  as  the  Lord's  Day.  It 
is  declared  in  the  law  of  God  to  be  His  own  day,  and  by  the 
Saviour  of  man  to  be  "made  for  man."  It  is  protected  by  a 
divine  command  and  by  the  perpetual  sanctity  of  a  human 
right.  Men  may  and  ought  to  worship  God  every  day ;  but, 
for  the  greater  assurance  of  this  duty,  one  day  in  seven  has, 
with  the  formal  sanction  of  all  Christian  civilization,  been  set 
apart  for  its  due  observance.  This  order  cannot  be  disturbed 
without  grave  evils  to  the  individual  and  the  family,  to  the 
society  and  the  state.  It  seems  almost  incredible  that  our  mod- 
ern life  should  be  capable  of  bringing  into  play  any  powers  of 
evil  that  could  seriously  threaten  the  existence  of  so  divine  and 
beneficent  an  institution.  And  yet,  the  peril  and  disaster  of 
such  a  menace  confront  Christian  people  in  wide  areas  of  the 
country.  \Vc  exhort  you,  dear  brethren,  to  meet  this  menace 
with  unfaltering  courage  and  resolute  determination,  and  in  no 
opportunity  that  may  be  presented  to  decline  battle  with  the 
insatiate  greed  of  the  liquor  traffic  and  the  growing  desire  for 
popular  pleasures  and  amusements,  which  with  increasing  bold- 
ness claim  all  days  alike  for  their  uses.  In  this  connection, 
the  House  of  Bishops,  in  view  of  recent  occurrences  in  several 
of  our  states,  desires  to  express  its  hearty  approval  of  the 
prompt  and  courageous  application  of  the  powers  of  civil  gov- 
ernment for  the  repression  of  barbarous,  brutal,  and  indecent 
exhibitions  and  recreations,  of  whatever  sort. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  283 

ARMENIA. 

By  the  tender  mercies  of  our  God  and  the  infinite  compas- 
sion of  our  common  Saviour,  we  beseech  you,  brethren,  to 
remember  in  your  prayers,  and  with  your  prompt  and  liberal 
help,  that  long-suffering  and  downtrodden  people  of  the  ancient 
and  faithful  Church  of  Armenia.  To  wasting  oppression  and 
persecution,  extending  far  back  into  the  past,  have  now  been 
added,  by  the  fanatical  violence  and  hatred  of  Moslem  power, 
the  unspeakable  atrocities  of  to-day.  Such  a  cry  for  sympathy 
and  aid  has  seldom  been  heard  in  all  the  ages  of  Christendom. 

THE    PASTORAL    OF    1 894    REAFFIRMED. 

Beloved  brethren,  we,  your  Bishops,  have  recently  addressed 
to  you,  and  do  now  reaffirm,  a  pastoral  letter  dealing  chiefly 
with  two  of  the  great  fundamental  verities  of  the  Christian  faith: 
the  dwelling  among  us  of  the  Word  made  flesh,  "  conceived  by 
the  Holy  Ghost  and  born  of  the  Virgin  Mary"  ;  and  the  in- 
spiration of  the  written  Word  of  God,  in  which  "  the  Holy 
Ghost  speaks  by  the  prophets,"  —  two  truths  which  underlie 
Christianity,  and  without  which  God  has  not  been  fully  revealed 
to  man. 

FAITH    AND    WORSHIP. 

We  are  left  free,  therefore,  with  no  fear  of  seeming  to  dis- 
regard the  incomparable  value  of  "  the  faith  once  for  all  deliv- 
ered to  the  saints,"  to  speak  to  you  now  about  the  expression 
of  that  faith  in  certain  details  of  the  public  worship  of  the 
Church.  Let  us  remember  that  it  is  of  the  essence  of  all  ac- 
ceptable worship  (for  God  will  only  be  worshipped  "in  spirit 
and  in  truth")  that  it  should  rightly  express  the  Catholic  Faith. 
W'hile  it  is  true,  in  reason  and  in  fact,  that  the  faith  loses  its 
hold  upon  the  conscience  if  it  be  framed  onl\'  in  theological 
formularies,  it  is  true  also  that  false  doctrine  finds  no  readier 
medium  for  conveying  its  poison  to  the  mind  than  in  unsound 
or  unregulated  forms  of  service.  The  hymn  Tc  Dcudi  and  the 
constantly-recited  Creeds,  the  recurring  cycle  of  the  festivals  of 
the  Christian  year,  the  Trinity  in  the  Litany,  the  Licarnation 
on  Christmas  Day,  the  Resurrection  at  Easter,  the  doctrine  of 
the  Holy  Spirit  on  Whitsunday,  the  intercession  of  the  great 
High  Priest  in  the  ending   of   every    prayer  —  these    have    kept 


284  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

brit^ht  and  clear  the  faith  when  decrees  of  councils  and  elaborate 
catechisms  would  have  been  forgotten.  The  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  is  the  guide  to  a  true  worship,  because,  in  every  page 
and  part  of  it,  it  is  the  guardian  of  the  true  faith. 

It  is  on  this  ground  that  we  base  our  plea  to  the  clergy  and 
congregations  entrusted  to  our  care  to  stand  loyally  by  and 
contend  earnestly  for  pure  doctrine,  by  submitting  their  public 
teaching  and  their  public  conduct  of  divine  service  to  the  spirit 
and  letter  of  the  Prayer  Book. 

Nor  are  we  contending  for  any  narrow  use  or  interpretation 
of  the  book.  Neither  of  the  two  theories  is  true  in  any  sweep- 
ing sense  that  "omission  is  prohibition,"  or  that  "failure  to 
forbid  means  freedom  to  introduce."  On  the  one  hand,  the 
Prayer  Book  is  not,  and  is  not  intended  to  be,  a  minute  and 
detailed  directory,  entering  accurately  into  the  minutiae  of  every 
separate  act.  It  was  not  compiled  by  a  "Congregation  of  Rites," 
but  it  breathes  the  devotion  of  God's  worshippers  in  all  the 
centuries  since  He  first  revealed  Himself  to  man.  It  is  very 
easy  to  point  out  here  and  there  deficiencies  of  direction  as  to 
vestments  or  postures.  It  is  easier  still  to  make  too  much  of 
them  as  excuses  for  individualism.  On  the  other  hand,  the  drift 
and  intention  of  the  Liturgy  are  unmistakably  positive  and  plain. 
And  to  the  loyal  Churchman  the  instinct  will  be  to  fill  up 
what  may  seem  to  be  lacking  in  clearness  or  distinctness  with 
Ofily  such  ritual  as  may  be  in  entire  accord  with  the  spirit  of 
the  Prayer  Book,  and  to  regard  himself  as  clearly  forbidden  to 
introduce  any  act,  or  service,  or  word  which  violates  its  inten- 
tion and  purpose. 

LOYAL  USE  OF  THE  BOOK  OF  COMMON  PRAYER. 

Before  passing  to  any  specification  of  warning  or  counsel, 
which  the  present  condition  of  the  Church  seems  to  us  to  de- 
mand, there  are  two  other  principles  which  need  to  be  plainly 
stated.  Ours  is  a  Book  of  Common  Prayer.  It  is  intended  to 
serve,  first  of  all,  the  purpose  of  expressing  the  united  devotions 
of  a  congregation  of  people.  Congregations  will  be  everywhere 
made  up  of  varying  temperaments  and  mixed  characters,  and 
it  is  unseemly  and  unbecoming,  in  the  sanctuary  or  in  the  pews, 
to  allow  the  excrescences  of  individual  practice  to  thrust  them- 
selves into    too    great    prominence.      St.   Paul's    warning   to    the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  285 

Corinthian  Christians  about  the  use  of  their  extraordinary  gifts 
in  the  public  congregation,  is  not  without  application  here. 
At  the  same  time,  it  is  not  to  be  denied  that  the  greater  rule 
of  charity  ought  to  forbid  either  the  harsh  criticism  of  personal 
practices  or  the  attempt  to  compel  a  dead  level  of  absolute 
uniformity,  where  allowances  should  be  made  for  really  allotvable 
differences  of  feeling  and  its  expression.  But  postures  and  acts 
of  reverence  perfectly  natural  to  an  individual  and  perfectly 
proper  in  his  private  devotions  become  improper  and  unnatural 
if  they  are  forced  upon  the  attention  of  others  to  whom  they 
are  not  only  distasteful  but  distracting.  Self-effacement  and 
the  promotion  of  reverence  in  the  congregation  should  be  the 
governing  motives  of  the  men  who  are  set  to  lead  the  public 
worship  of  the  Church  ;  and  the  courtesy  of  mutual  consider- 
ation ought  to  rule  the  worshippers  themselves.  It  can  hardly 
be  necessary  to  dwell  at  any  length  upon  two  other  practical 
considerations.  First,  the  larger  danger  lies  in  exaggerating  the 
importance  of  minor  accessories.  Valuable  as  they  may  be 
within  the  laws  and  limitations  of  the  Church,  they  are  not 
worth  contending  for  as  though  they  were  articles  of  the  Chris- 
tian faith.  The  man  who  puts  into  his  creed  questions  of 
ceremony  is  guilty  of  the  sin  of  disproportion.  It  is  far  better 
to  teach  the  truth  persuasively  than  to  force  it  by  practices 
which  antagonize  and  annoy.  And  secondly,  it  must  be  plain 
to  any  intelligent  and  earnest  priest  that,  in  villages  and  towns 
where  there  is  but  one  congregation  to  which  all  members  of 
this  Church  must  go,  he  is  far  less  free  to  press  things  which, 
though  lawful,  may  not  be  expedient,  than  if  the  people  had  a 
choice  of  going  to  other  places  of  worship  where  the  ritual 
would  be  more  helpful  to  their  devotion. 

THE    HOLY    COMMUNION. 

Our  attention  is  naturally  directed  first  to  the  service  of  the 
Holy  Communion.  We  rejoice  to  witness  a  growing  apprecia- 
tion of  the  privilege  of  the  weekly  Eucharist,  but  we  regret 
that  we  are  somehow  in  danger  of  falling  into  the  error  of 
disparaging  all  other  worship  by  the  intense  feeling  of  reverence 
for  this  sacrament  and  by  the  increasing  frequency  of  its 
celebration.  The  two  great  sacraments  stand  upon  the  same 
high    level    of    tremendous    dignity,    not    only    as   instituted  by 


286  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Christ  Himself,  but  as  "generally  necessary  to  salvation." 
Names  are  of  consequence  because  they  become  symbols  and 
descriptions  of  things.  The  Church  undoubtedly— not  denying 
grace  and  an  outward  sign  to  Confirmation  and  Ordination,  for 
instance,  nor  implying  that  they  were  not  instituted  by  Christ 
Himself  by  the  use  of  the  qualifying  words,  "generally 
necessary  to  salvation,"  shows  that  the  two  which  are  "generally 
necessary  to  salvation"  are  the  two  which  she  is  content  to 
call  sacraments.  Of  the  other  words  which  are  sometimes 
used — "the  sacrament  of  penance,"  while  the  Church  knows  only 
the  gracious  power  of  absolution  ;  "  the  Mass,"  which  would  be 
as  harmless  as  it  is  unmeaning,  were  it  not  for  its  indication  of 
a  desire  to  import  the  language  of  another  communion — it  is 
enough  to  say  that  they  involve  the  surrender  of  the  manly 
independence  of  a  Church  rooted  in  the  primitive  soil  of 
Christianity  to  a  Church  which  has  no  claim  upon  the  allegiance 
of  the  English  speaking  race. 

SOLITARY    MASSES. 

But  we  are  far  more  concerned  with  the  misusing  of  the 
sacrament  of  the  Holy  Communion  than  with  its  misnaming  ; 
and  this  lies  in  three  directions  :  the  virtual  introduction  of 
what  are  called  "solitary  Masses;"  the  advocacy  and  adoption 
(in  few  instances,  it  is  true)  of  an  unauthorized  Office  of  Holy 
Communion  adapted  to  this  theory,  and  the  reservation  of  the 
consecrated  elements  as  objects  toward  which  a  special  adoration 
is  to  be   addressed. 

The  practice  of  celebrations  at  which  the  worshippers,  to  say 
the  least,  are  discouraged  from  receiving  the  sacrament  grows 
out  of  two  theories  :  first,  the  magnifying  of  the  element  of 
offering,  which  is  half,  and  the  first  half,  of  the  object  of  the 
institution,  and  secondly,  the  overweening  importance  attached 
to  the  practice  of  fasting  Communions. 

The  Holy  Communion  is  the  great  act  of  offering,  the 
Christian  sacrifice,  "  the  unbloody  sacrifice."  But  the  teaching 
of  the  Holy  Scriptures  makes  inseparable  the  union  of  the  two 
appointed  acts  of  the  institution — "  As  often  as  ye  eat  this 
bread  and  drink  this  cup,  ye  do  show  the  Lord's  death  till  He 
come" — and  we  have  no  right  to  separate  that  which  God  hath 
joined  together.     There  is  no    need,    in    the   reaction    from    the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  287 

thought  of  a  mere  empty  reminder  of  an  absent  person  and  a 
past  event,  or  from  the  thought  only  of  the  personal  benefit  of 
eating  and  drinking  nourishment  for  the  soul,  to  pass  to  an 
unscriptural  division  of  the  sacrament  by  separating  the  offering 
and  the  receiving,  the  Eucharist  and  the  Communion. 

The  very  title  which  this  Church  has  chosen,  with  the 
authoritative  expression  of  command,  "  The  Order  for  the 
Administration  of  the  Lord's  Supper  or  Holy  Communion," 
corrects  and  condemns  this  error.  The  whole  construction  of 
the  office  so  takes  for  granted  the  reception,  so  intertwines  the 
thought  of  celebrating  and  making  the  memorial  which  Christ 
hath  commanded  us  to  make  with  receiving  the  consecrated 
elements  "  according  to  His  holy  institution,"  that  they  cannot 
be  separated  without  violating  the  whole  teaching  and  purpose 
of  the  institution  of  our  Lord.  Indeed,  it  is  plainly  the  con- 
sciousness of  this  fact  which  has  led  to  the  second  wrong. 
Instead  of  recognizing  the  fact  that  a  theory  which  makes 
inconsistent  and  impossible  the  use  of  the  Church's  required 
service  is  untenable,  some  have  presumed  to  compile  an  office 
which,  by  omission  and  adaptation,  shall  bring  the  Church's 
teaching  into  conformity  with  their  views.  But  clearh^  this  is 
not  "  ministering  the  sacraments  as  the  Lord  hath  commanded, 
and  as  this  Church  hath  received  the  same." 

AN    ANCIENT    CUSTOM    IN    THE    CHURCH. 

So  far  as  the  motive  of  this  discouragement  of  communicants 
is  the  urging  of  people  to  receive  fasting,  we,  your  bishops, 
desire  to  speak  with  due  consideration  of  an  ancient  and 
prevalent  custom  in  the  Church.  But  the  claim  that  it  is  a 
rcqnircnioit  of  the  Church  is  unwarranted  and  indefensible. 
Reverent  in  its  intention  with  the  guarantee  of  long  usage,  and 
with  the  commendation  of  very  sainth'  men.  it  is  not  to  be 
elevated  to  the  dignity  of  an  ecclesiastical  coininand.  It  has,  of 
course,  no  warrant  in  the  words  or  in  the  circumstances  of  the 
institution  of  the  Sacrament.  And  there  is  no  statement  in  the 
Prayer  Book  as  to  the  requirements  for  the  right  reception  of 
the  Holy  Communion,  which  includes  it  or  implies  it.  And 
therefore,  no  minister  of  this  Church  is  justified  in  doing  more 
than  to  commend  it,  where  it  may  be  safely  used,  to  "such  as 
can  receive  it."     Between    the    alternatives    of  infrequent   com- 


288  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

munion  and  fasting  communion,  there  ought  to  be  no  question 
as  to  that  choice  which  conforms  most  literally  to  our  Lord's 
language  and  design.  And  we  cannot  but  feel  that  the  stress 
and  urgency  ought  to  be  directed,  first,  to  bring  people  to 
receive  the  Holy  Communion  ;  and  secondly,  to  bring  them  with 
those  three  spiritual  qualifications  of  repentance,  faith  and  charity, 
without  which  no  man  can  worthily  receive  the  Holy  Eucharist. 
We  cannot  leave  the  question  of  unauthorized  methods  of 
celebrating  the  Holy  Communion,  without  rebuking  the  lawless- 
ness which  omits  any  part,  or  parts,  of  the  appointed  ofiice  of 
the  Holy  Communion,  other  than  those  allowed  by  the  rubrics 
in  that  office  to  be  so  omitted.  This  unseemly  practice  destroys 
the  whole  value  and  object  of  a  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  and 
is  in  every  instance  to  be  condemned. 

RESERVING    THE    SACRAMENT. 

The  practice  of  reserving  the  Sacrament  is  not  sanctioned  by 
the  law  of  this  Church,  though  the  Ordinary  may,  in  cases  of 
extreme  necessity,  authorize  the  reserved  Sacrament  to  be 
carried  to  the  sick.  We  are  deeply  pained  to  know  that  any 
among  us  adopt  a  use  of  the  reserved  elements  such  as  the 
article  condemns  as  "not  ordained  of  Christ."  Whatever  theo- 
logical motive  or  metaphysical  meaning  may  be  assigned  to  the 
rubric  in  the  Communion  Office,  whatever  historical  coloring 
may  be  given  to  it,  as  a  study  of  liturgies,  no  ingenuity  of 
evasion  can  turn  the  plain  "  shall  not  be  carried  out  of  the 
church,"  "shall  reverently  eat  and  drink  the  same,"  into  an 
authorization  of  the  use  of  the  remaining  elements  for  a  service 
of  benediction  or  for  purposes  of  adoration.  Most  earnestly  do 
we  appeal  to  the  clergy  to  consider  the  wrong  of  such  disobe- 
dience alike  to  the  letter  and  the  spirit  of  our  ecclesiastical  law. 

We  are  pleading  for  loyalty  to  the  Church  ;  but  there  are 
deeper  reasons  and  higher  motives  even  than  this.  It  must 
never  be  forgotten  that  our  only  relation  to  the  Catholic  Church 
is  through  our  communion  with  the  National  Church  whose 
ministers  we  are,  and  through  our  inheritance  from  the  reformed 
Church  of  England.  And  this  Church  stands  to-day  claiming  to 
be  in  America,  in  doctrine,  discipline,  and  worship,  the  fullest 
and  fairest  representative  of  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Scriptures, 
of  the  apostles,  and  of  the  first  centuries.     She  believes  that  she 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  289 

has  to  offer  to  those  who  have  retained  primitive  order,  the  faith 
and  the  worship  of  the  primitive  Church.  She  believes  that  she 
has  to  offer  to  those  who  have  kept  the  faith,  at  least  pure 
from  Tridentine  and  later  Roman  traditions,  the  primitive  order 
and  a  form  of  worship  in  which  the  old  faith  is  and  can  be 
preserved  unaltered.  And  she  has  offered,  in  most  definite  and 
official  terms,  the  principles  which  express  her  desire  and  her 
plea  for  a  reunited  Christendom.  But  this  broken  front,  these 
divided  teachings,  these  diverse  customs  among  ourselves,  distract 
the  minds  of  those  who,  from  outside,  are  looking  for  an 
accordant  presentation  of  the  faith.  There  can  be  no  question 
that  the  wide  divergencies  of  ritual  and  service — far  exceeding 
the  broad  limits  of  the  Church's  toleration — arc  scandals, 
"  stumbling-blocks,"  to  those  whose  feet  tend  toward  the  old  paths, 
in  which  they  long  to  stand  fast  and  find  rest  for  their  souls. 
On  the  other  hand,  where  the  longing  for  reunion  looks  toward 
the  Church  of  Rome,  these  here-and-there  imitations  of  her 
corrupted  worship,  these  now-and-then  echoes  of  her  modern 
teachings,  either  awake  her  scorn  and  contempt  for  the  incon- 
sistencies of  those  who  pretend  to  hav'e  escaped  them,  or  else 
strengthen  her  in  the  conviction  that,  by  a  bold  maintenance  of 
her  modern  position,  she  can  win  their  allegiance  to  her  claims. 

A    DEMAND    FOR    CONCESSIONS. 

We  are  indeed  between  two  perilous  tendencies.  On  the 
one  hand  there  is  a  demand  for  concessions  which  will  make  it 
easy  for  members  of  the  Christian  bodies  not  in  communion 
with  this  Church,  to  enter  her  ministry,  to  transfer  themselves 
bodily  as  congregations,  with  faint  and  feeble  guards  of  soundness 
in  their  forms  of  worship.  On  the  other,  there  is  a  plea  put 
forth  by  some  to  enter  into  negotiations  with  the  Bishop  of 
Rome  with  a  view  to  reunion,  which  is  now  known  to  be 
possible  only  by  absolute  submission  to  his  unscriptural  and 
unlawful  demands.  It  is  a  time  of  intense  religious  stir  and 
thought.  The  very  attacks  upon  the  strongholds  of  our  faith  in 
God  have  not  only  directed  the  attention  of  the  whole  world  to 
the  Holy  Scriptures,  but  have  won  for  them  a  carefulness  of 
study,  a  reverence  of  recognition,  and  an  assured  confidence  in 
their  authority  and  authenticity,  which  vindicates  the  abiding 
and  unchanging  traditional  recognition  of  their  inspired  authority 


290  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

to  which  the  Church  has  clung ;  sometimes  with  a  critical 
foresight  which  anticipated  the  discoveries  of  modern  scholarship, 
sometimes  with  an  uncritical  positiveness  which  has  saved  them 
in  the  past  centuries  from  neglect  and  loss.  The  great  and 
continuous  growth  of  our  Church  in  numbers  and  in  influence 
in  broadened  activities  and  deepened  energies,  has  brought 
about  a  conviction  in  the  popular  mind,  of  her  combination  of 
adaptability  to  changing  conditions  of  life,  with  fast  hold  upon 
the  unchanging  facts  of  history  and  revelation,  which  to-day 
puts  her  in  a  position  of  enormous  responsibility  to  the  Christian 
world,  longing  for  rest  and  relief  from  the  divisions  and  dis- 
tractions of  the  spirit  of  sect. 

What  is  the  wise  thing  for  us  to  do  ?  Surely  not  to  surrender 
the  very  essential  elements  of  our  attractive  strength.  Rome, 
which  is  willing  enough  to  absorb  us,  would  have  no  reminder 
left  of  the  old  traditional  "  evangelical  truth  and  apostolic 
order"  if  we  are  to  dally  with  her  by  gradual  assimilations  to 
her  errors  as  to  the  faith.  And  the  ^worganized  and  ufiorgamzed 
Protestantism  will  find  nothing  to  seek  in  us  if  we  play  fast  and 
loose  with  the  trust  that  we  have  received,  not  for  to-day  and 
ourselves,  but  for  the  human  race  in  all    time. 

UNITY    AMONG    OURSELVES. 

The  wise  thing  for  us  to  do  now  is  to  hold  fast  to  our  position: 
to  be  more  and  more  at  unity  among  ourselves  ;  to  "  speak  the 
truth  in  love";  "to  love  the  truth  and  peace";  to  be  patient 
with  differences,  while  we  are  positive  about  distinctive  truths; 
to  be  conscious  rather  of  our  own  shortcomings  than  of  the 
deficiencies  of  others  ;  to  dwell  most  upon  the  much  there  is  in 
common  among  all  "  who  love  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  in 
sincerity";  to  maintain  the  points  of  separation,  with  the  clear 
conviction  that  only  absolute  faithfulness  to  truth  compels  their 
maintenance ;  to  train  our  people  in  the  "  principles  of  the 
doctrine  of  Christ";  to  "stand  fast  in  the  liberty  wherewith 
Christ  hath  made  us  free"  ;  to  "pray  always  with  all  prayer  and 
supplication  in  the  Spirit,  and  to  watch  thereunto  with  all 
perseverance  and  supplication  for  all  saints"  ;  and  above  all 
things  to  "  put  on  charity,  which  is   the    bond    of    perfectness." 

And  now,  dear  brethren,  waiting  for  the  Second  Coming  of 
our  adorable  Saviour,  and  commending  you  to  God  and  to  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  291 

Word  of  His  grace,  we  pray  that  He  will  "make  you  perfect 
in  every  good  work  to  do  His  will,  working  in  you  that  which 
is  well  pleasing  in  His  sight,  through  Jesus  Christ,  to  Whom 
be  glory  forever  and  ever.     Amen." 

The  Te  Deum  was  sung  and  the  last  prayers  said  by  the 
Chairman  of  the  House  of  Bishops  ;  if  possible,  with  more 
tenderness  than  he  usually  prays. 

Bishop  Whipple,  in  a  way  all  will  remember  long  who  heard 
him,  pronounced  the  benediction.  The  recessional  hymn  was 
sung  and  all  the  people  departed,  glad  in  heart  for  all  the  great 
things  that  God  had  done  by  his  Church,  in  this  great  Republic, 
and  in  lands  beyond  the  sea.  In  the  hotels,  private  boarding 
houses,  and  at  the  railway  depots,  men  looked  into  each  other's 
faces,  and  said  :  "  This  Convention  has  indeed  been  a  memorable 
one  in  the  History  of  the  Church  of  God." 

In  the  House  of  Deputies  were  four  pages — Gordon  Dunlop, 
Archibald  Eddy,  Louis  Weitzel,  Frank  E.  Wilkinson;  and  four 
doorkeepers — J.  B.  Graham,  H.  J.  Frizelle,  E.  P.  Hawthorne 
and  Thos.  Bouchier.  The  House  of  Bishops  had  two  pages — 
Max  McConn  and  James  Bouchier  ;  and  one  doorkeeper — James 
B.  Titus.  The  Bishops  gave  their  pages  a  generous  offering. 
The  sexton  of  Gethsemane  Church,  Mr.  Henry  Twyford,  attended 
to  all  of  his  many  duties  with  enthusiasm,  ability  and  kindness. 


CHAPTER  XXVI. 

Changes   in   the   Canons   Adopted  by  the  General  Conven- 
tion OF  1895. 

WE  do  hereby  certify  that  upon  a  careful  examination  of 
the  Minute  and  Message  Books  of  the  two  Houses  of 
the  General  Convention,  held  in  the  city  of  Minneapolis,  in  the 
month  of  October,  a.  d.  1895,  we  find  the  following  changes 
to  have  been  made  in  the  Canons  of  this  Church,  to-wit: 

Title  I.,  Canon  6,  Section  10,  was  amended  so  as  to  read 
as  follows: 

Section  10.  Satisfaction  given  in  any  of  these  examinations 
shall,  in  every  case,  be  certified  to  the  Bishop  in  writing  (or 
to  the  clerical  members  of  the  Standing  Committee,  as  the 
case  may  be)  with  the  signatures  of  all  the  examiners,  and  in 
the  following  form,  viz.  : 

To  the  Right   Reverend  Bishop  of  (or   the    clerical 

members    of   the    Standing    Committee   of 
as    the    case  may   be). 

Place,  Date, 

We  the  undersigned,  .  Examining  Chaplains  (or  Presbyters, 
as  the  case  may  be)  of  the  Diocese  (or  Missionary  Jurisdiction) 
of  ,  having  been  appointed  examiners  of  A.   B.,  a  candi- 

date for  priest's  orders,  hereby  certify  that  we  have  examined 
the  said  A.  B.  upon  the  subjects  prescribed  in  Title  i..  Canon 
6,  and,  in  accordance  with  what  we  believe  to  be  the  will  of 
the  Church,  as  set  forth  in  her  Ordinal  and  Canons,  and  sensible 
of  our  responsibility  for  the  evil  which  might  come  upon  the 
Church  through  the  admission  of  men  insufficiently  prepared 
for  their  work,  we  do  give  our  judgment,  as  follows:  (Here 
specify  the  proficiency  of  the  candidate  on  each  of  the  subjects 
prescribed.) 

[Signed.] 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  293 

Title  I.,  Canon  ig,  Section  5,  was  amended  so  as  to  read  as 
follows: 

Section  5.  When  a  Bishop  of  a  Diocese  is  unable,  by- 
reason  of  old  age,  or  other  permanent  cause  of  infirmity,  or 
by  reason  of  the  extent  of  his  Diocese,  to  discharge  his  epis- 
copal duties,  one  Bishop  Coadjutor  may  be  elected  by  and  for 
the  said  Diocese,  who  shall,  in  all  cases,  succeed  the  Bishop 
in  case  of  surviving  him:  Provided,  that  before  the  election  of 
a  Bishop  Coadjutor  for  the  reason  of  extent  of  Diocese,  the 
consent  of  the  General  Convention,  or,  during  the  recess  thereof, 
the  consent  of  a  majority  of  the  Bishops  and  of  the  several 
Standing  Committees,  must  be  had  and  obtained.  Prior  to  any 
election  of  a  Bishop  Coadjutor,  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese 
shall  consent  in  writing  to  such  election,  and  in  such  consent 
he  shall  state  the  duties  which  he  hereby  assigns  to  the  Bishop 
Coadjutor,  when  duly  elected  and  consecrated.  And  in  case 
of  the  inability  of  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  to  issue  the 
aforesaid  consent  to  the  election  of  a  Bishop  Coadjutor,  the 
Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese  may  request  the  Convention 
to  issue  such  letter  of  consent.  And  the  request  of  the  said 
Standing  Committee  shall  be  accompanied  by  medical  certifi- 
cates of  the  inability  of  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  to  issue  such 
written  consent.  No  person  shall  be  elected  or  consecrated  a 
Suffragan  Bishop,  nor  shall  there  be  more  than  one  Bishop  Co- 
adjutor in  a  Diocese  at  the  same  time. 

Title  I.,  Canon  19,  Section  7  (i),  was  amended  so  as  to 
read  as  follows: 

Section  7(1).  The  House  of  Deputies  may,  from  time  to 
time,  on  nomination  by  the  House  of  Bishops,  elect  a  suitable 
person  or  persons  to  be  a  Bishop  or  Bishops  of  this  Church, 
to  exercise  episcopal  functions  in  any  missionary  station  or 
stations  of  this  Church  out  of  the  territory  of  the  United 
States,  which  the  House  of  Bishops,  with  the  concurrence  of 
the  House  of  Deputies,  may  have  designated.  The  evidence 
of  such  election  shall  be  a  constitutional  majority  of  said  House 
of  Deputies,  expressing  their  assent  to  the  said  nomination, 
which  certificate  shall  be  in  the  following  form: 

We,  whose  names  are  underwritten,  fully  sensible  how  im- 
portant it  is  that  the  sacred  office  of  a  Bishop  should  not  be 
unworthily  conferred,  and  firmly    persuaded  that  it  is  our  duty 


294  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

to  bear  testimony  on  this  solemn  occasion,  without  partiality 
or  affection,  do,  in  the  presence  of  Almighty  God,  testify  that 
the  Rev.  A.  B.,  nominated  by  the  House  of  Bishops  to  the 
House  of  Deputies  for  election  to  the  Bishopric  of  the  Mis- 
sionary District  of  as  a  suitable  person  to  be  elected  a 
Bishop  of  this  Church  in  foreign  lands,  has  been  duly  and 
canonically  elected  by  the  House  of  Deputies  a  Bishop  ig 
aforesaid  on  this             day  of  Anno  Domini 

And  we  whose  names  are  hereunto  subscribed  do  hereby 
testify  that  the  said  Rev.  A.  B.,  Missionary  Bishop  elect  of 
,  is  not,  so  far  as  we  are  informed,  justly  liable  to  evil 
report,  either  for  error  in  religion,  or  for  viciousness  of  life; 
and  that  we  do  not  know  or  believe  there  is  any  impediment, 
on  account  of  which  he  ought  not  to  be  consecrated  to  that 
holy  office. 

We  do,  therefore,  -severally  giv^e  our  assent  to  the  said 
nomination  and  election,  humbly  trusting  that  the  consecration 
of  the  said  Bishop  elect  will  conduce  to  the  edification  and 
enlargement  of  the  Church  of  our  Lord   Jesus  Christ. 

Done  at  in  General  Convention  of  the  Church  in  the 

United  States  on  this  day  of  A7ino  Domini 

This  certificate  shall  be  produced  to  the  House  of  Bishops; 
and  if  the  House  of  Bishops  shall  consent  to  the  consecration, 
they  may  take  order  for  that  purpose. 

Title  I.,  Canon  19,  Section  12,  was  amended  so  as  to  read 
as  follows: 

Section  12.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  any  Bishop  of  a  Diocese 
who  is  about  to  leave,  or  has  left,  his  Diocese,  with  the  in- 
tention of  going  out  of  the  limits  of  the  United  States,  or,  if 
remaining  out  of  his  Diocese  for  the  space  of  three  calendar 
months,  although 'without  leaving  the  United  States,  to  authorize, 
by  writing  under  his  hand  and  seal,  the  Bishop  Coadjutor,  or, 
should  there  be  none,  the  Standing  Committee  of  such  Diocese, 
to  act  as  the  ecclesiastical  authority  thereof.  The  Bishop 
Coadjutor,  or  Standing  Committee  so  authorized,  shall  thereupon 
become  the  ecclesiastical  authority  of  such  Diocese,  to  all 
intents  and  purposes,  until  such  writing  shall  be  revoked,  or 
the  Bishop  shall  return  within  the  Diocese:  Provided,  that 
nothing  in  this  Canon  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  prevent  any 
Bishop  who  may  have  signed  such  writing  from  exercising  his 
jurisdiction  himself,  so  far  as  the  same  may  be  practicable, 
during  his  absence  from  his  Diocese,  or  from  permitting  and 
authorizing  any  other  Bishop  to  perform  episcopal  offices  for 
him. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  295 

Title  I  ,  Canon  19,  Section  14,  (i),  was  amended  so  as  to 
read  as  follows: 

Section  14  (i).  Any  Bishop,  Bishop  Coadjutor,  or  Mission- 
ary Bishop  may,  on  the  invitation  of  the  Convention  or  the 
Standing  Committee  of  any  Diocese  where  there  is  no  Bishop, 
or  where  the  Bishop  is,  for  the  time,  under  a  disability  to 
perform  episcopal  offices  by  reason  of  a  judicial  sentence,  visit 
and  perform  episcopal  offices  in  that  Diocese,  or  in  any  part 
thereof;  and  this  invitation  may  be  temporary,  and  it  may,  at 
any  time,  be  revoked. 

Title  I.,  Canon  19,  Section  14.  (2),  was  amended  so  as  to 
read  as  follows: 

(2)  A  Diocese  without  a  Bishop,  or  of  which  the  Bishop 
is,  for  the  time,  under  a  disability  by  reason  of  a  judicial 
sentence,  may,  by  its  Convention,  be  placed  under  provisional 
charge  and  authority  of  the  Bishop  or  Bishop  Coadjutor  of 
another  Diocese,  or  of  a  Missionary  Bishop,  who  shall  by  that 
act  be  authorized  to  perform  all  the  duties  and  offices  of  the 
Bishop  of  the  Diocese  so  vacant  or  having  the  Bishop  disabled; 
until,  in  the  case  of  a  vacant  Diocese,  a  Bishop  be  duly  elected 
and  consecrated  for  the  same;  and,  in  the  case  of  a  Diocese 
whose  Bishop  is  disqualified  as  aforesaid,  until  the  disqualifi- 
cation be  removed;  or  until,  in  either  case,  the  said  act  of  the 
Convention  be  revoked. 

Title  I.,  Canon  19,  Section  16.  (i),  was  amended  so  as  to 
read  as  follows: 

Section  16  (i).  If,  during  the  recess  of  the  General 
Convention,  and  more  than  six  months  previous  to  its  session, 
any  vacancy  arise,  either  by  death,  resignation  or  other  cause, 
in  the  office  of  any  Missionary  Bishop  of  this  Church  (whether 
domestic  or  foreign)  or  in  case  the  General  Convention  shall 
have  by  concurrent  resolution  given  consent  to  the  election, 
during  said  recess,  of  a  Missionary  Bishop  for  a  designated 
Missionary  Jurisdiction,  the  House  of  Bishops  shall,  on  the 
written  request  of  twelve  members  of  the  same,  be  convened 
by  the  Presiding  Bishop,  or,  in  case  of  his  death,  by  the  Bishop 
who,  according  to  the  rules  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  is  to 
preside  at  the  next  General  Convention;  and  thereupon  may 
proceed  to  fill  any  and  every  such  vacancy  that  may  then 
.exist,  by  electing  a  suitable  person  or  persons  to  be  a    Bishop 


296  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

or  Bishops  of  this  Church,  to  exercise  episcopal  functions 
within  the  district,  county,  territory,  station  or  jurisdiction, 
where  such  vacancy  or  vacancies  may  exist:  and  in  case  of 
such  election,  they  shall,  by  the  Presiding  Bishop,  or  by  some 
person  or  persons  specially  appointed,  communicate  the  fact 
of  such  election  to  the  Standing  Committees  of  the  Churches 
in  the  different  Dioceses;  and  each  Standing  Committee  that 
shall  consent  to  the  proposed  consecration  shall  forward  the 
evidence  of  such  consent  to  the  Presiding  Bishop  or  Bishop  as 
aforesaid.  And  if  the  major  number  of  the  Standing  Commit- 
tees shall  consent  to  the  proposed  consecration,  the  Presiding 
or  other  Bishop  as  aforesaid  shall  forward  copies  of  the  evidence 
of  such  consent  to  all  the  Bishops  of  this  Church  in  the 
United  States  (excepting  those  whose  resignation  has  been 
accepted);  and  if  a  majority  of  such  Bishops  consent  to  the 
consecration,  the  Presiding  Bishop  or  Bishop  aforesaid,  with 
any  two  Bishops,  or  any  three  Bishops,  to  whom  he  may  com- 
municate  the  testimonals,  may  proceed   to    perform   the   same. 

(2)  The  evidence  of  the  consent  of  the  different  Standing 
Committees  shall  be  in  the  form  prescribed  for  the  House  of 
Deputies  in  General  Convention;  and  without  the  aforesaid  re- 
quisites no  consecration  shall  take  place  of  any  Missionary 
Bishop  elected  during  the  recess  of  the  General  Convention. 

(3)  Every  Bishop  elected  and  consecrated  under  this  section 
shall  have  the  several  functions,  jurisdiction,  powers  and  rights 
granted  by  any  Canon  or  Canons  of  this  Church  to  Missionary 
Bishops,  whether  domestic  or  foreign,  according  as  such  Bishop 
shall  be  elected  to  be  a  domestic  or  a  foreign  Missionary  Bishop  ; 
and  shall  in  all  matters  be  subject  to  the  Canons  and  authority 
of  the  General  Convention. 

Title  3,  Canon  19,  was  amended  by  the  addition  of  the  fol- 
lowing section,  to  be  numbered  Section   17. 

Section   17.     This  Canon  shall  take  effect  immediately. 

Title  3,  Canon  i,  Section  2  (i),  was  amended  so  as  to  read 
as  follows  : 

Section  2(1).  The  journals,  files,  papers,  reports,  and  other 
documents,  which  are  named  under  Title  i,  Canon  20,  entitled 
"Of  Securing  an  Accurate  View  of  the  State  of  the  Church," 
together  with  all  other  articles  that  are  now,  or  shall  hereafter 
become  the  property  of   either    House  of    the  General  Conven- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  297 

tion  of  this  Church,  shall  be  committed,  when  not  otherwise 
expressly  provided  for,  to  the  keeping  of  a  presbyter  to  be 
elected  by  the  House  of  Deputies,  upon  nomination  of  the 
House  of  Bishops,  who  shall  be  known  as  the  registrar  of  the 
General  Convention. 

Title  3,  Canon  7,  Section  i,  was  amended  so  as  to  read  as 
follows : 

Article  iv.  There  shall  be  a  Missionary  Council  of  this 
Church.  It  shall  comprise  all  the  Bishops  of  this  Church,  all 
the  members  of  the  Board  of  Managers,  such  other  clergymen 
or  laymen  as  may  be  selected  by  the  General  Convention  at  its 
triennial  meetings,  and  in  addition  thereto,  one  presbyter  and 
one  layman  from  each  Diocese  and  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  to 
be  chosen  by  the  Convention,  Council  or  Convocation  of  such 
Diocese  or  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  said  presbyter  and  said  lay- 
man to  continue  in  office  for  one  year,  or  until  a  successor  is 
appointed.  This  Council  so  formed  shall  meet  annually,  except 
in  those  years  appointed  for  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Mis- 
sions, at  such  time  and  place  as  may  be  designated  by  the 
Board  of  Managers,  with  the  approval  of  the  Presiding  Bishop. 

Said  Council  shall  be  competent  to  consider  the  missionary 
work  of  the  Church,  to  make  such  recommendations  to  the 
Board  of  Managers  as  it  may  deem  expedient,  and  to  increase 
interest  in  this  Board  of  Missions.  It  shall  be  competent  for 
the  Bishop  of  a  Diocese  or  Missionary  Jurisdiction  to  fill  va- 
cancies in  the  representation  of  his  Diocese  or  Jurisdiction, 
occurring  by  removal,  resignation  or  death,  between  the  ses- 
sions of  the  Convention,  Council  or  Convocation  of  his  Diocese 
or  Missionary  Jurisdiction. 

There  shall  also  be  appointed  in  like  manner  a  Board  of 
Managers,  to  be  selected  from  the  Missionary  Council,  com- 
prising the  Presiding  Bishop  as  president,  and  fifteen  other 
Bishops,  fifteen  presbyters,  and  fifteen  laymen,  who  shall  have 
the  management  of  the  general  missions  of  this  Church,  and 
when  the  Board  of  Missions  is  not  in  session  shall  exercise  all 
the  corporate  powers  of  the  Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary 
Society  ;  they  shall  remain  in  office  until  their  successors  are 
chosen,  and  they  shall  have  power  to  fill  any  vacancies  that 
may  occur  in  their  number. 


298  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

All  other  Bishops  of  this  Church,  together  with  the  secretary 
and  treasurer  of  the  Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society, 
and  of  the  Board  of  Managers,  shall  be  ex  officio  members  of 
the  Board,  and  have  all  the  rights  and  privileges  of  the  elected 
members  except  the  right  to  vote. 

Whenever  demanded  by  one-fifth  of  the  members  present,  a 
majority  of  two-thirds  of  the  members  voting  shall  be  necessary 
to  any  act  of  the  Board.  In  all  annual  appropriations,  and  in 
entering  upon  or  abandoning  any  missionary  field,  as  also  in 
changing  the  By-Laws,  a  majority  must  be  present.  For  all 
other  business,  the  Board  may,  by  a  law,  determine  the  quorum. 

The  Board  of  Managers  shall  make  a  full  and  complete 
triennial  report  to  the  General  Convention,  constituted  as  the 
Board  of  Missions,  on  or  before  the  third  day  of  the  session 
of  the  General  Convention,  and  a  similar  report  to  the  Mis- 
sionary Council  at  its  annual  meetings,  comprising  such  an 
outline  of  the  missionary  work  prosecuted  during  the  preceding 
year  as  may  serve  to  give  a  comprehensive  view  of  the  progress, 
prospects  and  present  condition  of  the  work  of  the  society  in 
the  several  parts  of  the  domestic  and  foreign  fields. 

There  shall  be  appointed  at  each  meeting  of  the  General 
Convention  and  of  the  Missionary  Council,  a  committee  con- 
sisting of  two  Bishops,  two  presbyters,  and  two  laymen,  together 
with  the  General  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Missions,  whose 
duty  it  shall  be  to  arrange  an  order  of  work  for  the  ensuing 
meeting  of  the  Board  of  Missions,  or  of  the  Missionary  Council. 

Title  3,  Canon  7,  Section  i,  was  amended  by  the  addition 
of  the  following  Article,  to  be  numbered  Article  x,  to  read  as 
follows  : 

Article  x.  Whenever  there  shall  be  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Missions,  as  provided  for  in  Article  iii  of  this  Canon,  there 
shall  be  a  roll  call  of  the  Bishops,  and  of  all  deputations  and 
delegations,  and  of  the  other  members  of  the  Board,  and  on 
all  votes  such  call  shall  be  made  whenever  demanded  by  the 
clerical  or  lay  deputations  of  any  Diocese,  or  by  any  other 
members  appointed  under  Article  in.  A  majority  of  the  Board 
shall  constitute  a  quorum.  A  majority  of  all  members  of  the 
Board  present  at  any  meeting  shall  be  necessary  to  pass  any 
motion. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


299 


Title  3,  Canon  7,  Section    i,    was  amended  by    changing  the 
numbering  of   the  present  Article  x  to  Article  xi. 
Attest: 

William  Stevens  Perry, 

Bishop  of  Iowa, 
Alfred  Augustin  Watson, 
Bishop  of  East  Carolina, 


1 


Committee  on  the 
[part  of  the  House 
I  of   Bishops. 


Frederick  Parker  Davenport,  }  Committee  on  the 

TT  T  r  part  of  the  House 

Henry  Ingalls,  t    r  t-i       *.- 

'  )  or  Deputies. 

Joint  Committee  to  certify  the  changes  made  in 
the  Canons  by  the  General  Convention  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  United 
States  of  America,  held  in  the  city  of  Min- 
neapolis, in  the  month  of  October,  a.  d.  1895. 


CHAPTER   XXVII. 

Reports  :  ^Educational,  Philanthropic,  Social 
AND  Religious. 

Report  on   Christian  Education  and  the  Report  of  the  Church  University 
Board  of  Regents,  was  made  to  the  Convention  Oct.  17th. 

CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION. 

npHE  Committee  on  Christian  Education,  sitting  together  as 
*  a  Joint  Committee,  by  permission  of  both  Houses,  beg 
leave  to  present  the  following  report  of  the  result  of  their  de- 
liberations upon  the  present  conditions  and  needs  of  the  work 
of  Christian  education  in  the  Church  : 

"  Your  Committee  gladly  recognizes  the  fact  that  there  is  a 
steadily  growing  sentiment  among  all  Christian  people  in  favor 
of  an  education  that  shall  be  based  upon  the  Christian  faith, 
and  have  for  its  ideal  the  development  of  Christian  character. 
At  a  time  when  the  undue  assertion  of  the  liberty  of  individual 
opinion  has  led  to  widespread  perplexity  and  unrest,  and  to 
multiplied  experiments  in  religion  ;  when  the  minds  of  many 
are  disturbed,  and  the  hearts  of  the  timid  ones  are  failing  them 
for  fear — it  is  pre-eminently  right  and  necessary  that  this  Church 
should  boldly  and  clearly  assert  the  principles  of  her  historic 
faith,  and  provide  for  the  most  careful  instruction  and  training 
of  her  children.  The  Christian  faith  is  a  sacred  and  precious 
heritage  committed  to  our  trust.  Even  more  upon  us  than  upon 
that  old  Israel  the  responsibility  rests  to  proclaim  and  defend 
'that  which  we  have  heard  and  known,  and  such  as  our  fathers 
have  told  us  ;  that  we  should  not  hide  these  things  from  the 
children  of  the  generations  to  come,  but  to  show  the  honor  of 
the  Lord,  His  mighty  and  wonderful  works  that  He  hath  done. 
For  He  made  a  covenant  with  Jacob,  and  gave  Israel  a  law, 
which  he  commanded  our  forefathers  to  teach  their  children, 
that  their  posterity  might  know  it,  and  the  children  which  were 
yet  unborn  :  to  the  intent,  that  when  they  came  up  they  might 
show  their  children  the  same  ;    that   they  might    put  their  trust 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  3OI 

in  God  and  not  to  forget  the  works  of  God,  but  to  keep  His 
commandments'  (Ps.  Ixxviii), 

"The  Christian  Church  is  not  a  mere  voluntary  society  ;  the 
Christian  gospel  is  not  preferable  to  all  other  gospels — but  it 
is  the  only  gospel  that  can  help  and  save  the  world.  There- 
fore, no  education  of  the  young  that  leaves  out  the  name  and 
faith  of  Christ  can  be  the  education  required  for  the  children 
of  Christian  people.  That  which  is  not  definitely  Christian  can- 
not be  Christian  at  all.  It  was  the  Lord  Himself  who  said  : 
'  He  that  is  not  with  me  is  against  me ;  and  he  that  gathereth  not 
with  me  scattereth  abroad'  (St.  Matt.,  xii:  30).  This  is  the  grave, 
solemn  decision,  which  to-day,  perhaps  more  than  ever  before, 
challenges  the  heart  and  conscience  of  every  father  and  mother 
who  believes. 

"  (i)  The  Joint  Committee  would  first  of  all  urge  the  necessity 
of  more  earnest,  more  systematic,  more  enthusiastic  work  in  the 
Sunday  school.  The  Prayer  Book — the  great  devotional  manual 
of  the  Church  of  the  English-speaking  people  —  distinctly  em- 
phasizes the  instruction  of  children  in  the  faith,  as  a  part  of 
the  public,  official  work  of  the  Church,  and  recognizes  the  chil- 
dren as  members  of  the  one  body,  by  providing  a  catechism, 
which  is  a  model  of  devotional  accuracy  and  lucid  exposition. 
While  gladly  conceding  the  value  and  usefulness  of  many  of 
the  books  of  instruction  now  in  use,  it  is  the  opinion  of  the 
Committee  that  there  is  need  of  a  simple  and  more  interesting 
manual  based  upon  the  catechism.  The  best  method  of  train- 
ing the  teachers  in  the  Sunday  school  has  not  yet  been  gener- 
ally agreed  upon,  yet  the  progress  that  has  been  made  is  most 
encouraging.  We  have  to-day  about  50,000  teachers  and  500,000 
Sunday  school  pupils,  whose  Lenten  offering  last  year  to  the 
Board  of  Missions  amounted  to  over  $67,000.  There  is  no  de- 
partment of  Church  work  that  deserves  more  serious  attention, 
and  none  that  will  bring  a  richer  harvest  of  spiritual  power 
than  this,  if  it  be  wisely  handled. 

"(2)  Next  to  the  Sunday  schools  are  the  parish  and  gram- 
mar schools  of  the  Church.  The  more  expensive  schools  of 
this  class  this  Committee  gladly  believes  to  be,  in  number  and 
efficiency,  adequate  to  our  present  needs  ;  and,  by  their  hold 
upon  the  patronage  of  people  of  every  religious  denomination, 
they  have  vindicated  and  established  their  claim  to  the  cordial 
recognition  of  this  Convention.  One  point  only  would  your 
Committee  urge  in  this  connection,  and  that  is  the  more  per- 
sistent effort  to  reach  the  less  wealthy  of  our  population  by 
establishing  and  endowing  schools  for  both  sexes,  in  which  a 
good  education  can  be  acquired  at  a  more  moderate  cost  than 
can  be  afforded  by  more  pretentious  institutions. 

"  (3)  There  are  at  least  six  Church  colleges  in  the  United 
States,  and  one  Church  university,  all  of  which  are  doing  great 


302  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

and  noble  work  for  the  cause  of  education  founded  upon  the 
faith  of  Christ  as  this  Church  hath  received  the  same.  These 
institutions  are  not  behind  any  in  real  scholarship,  and  their 
graduates  are  winning  honors  in  professional  and  technical 
schools  all  over  the  land.  The  necessity  for  the  existence  of 
Church  colleges  cannot,  from  a  Christian  point  of  view,  be 
fairly  questioned.  The  serious  fact  confronts  us  that  the  average 
age  of  students  entering  colleges  and  universities  in  this  country 
is  less  than  eighteen  years,  and  in  almost  all  of  our  secular 
institutions  these  boys  are  to  receive  their  intellectual  training 
from  professors  and  teachers  who  openly  oppose  Christianity, 
or  else  from  professors  and  teachers  who  are  inhibited  in  the 
class  room  for  any  downright  and  explicit  expression  of  their 
faith.  The  colleges  and  universities  of*  the  Church  need  en- 
dowments, and  they  ought  to  have  them.  Her  educational 
work  in  the  highest  domain  of  scholarship  has  been  the  glory 
of  the  Church  of  our  fathers  in  the  upbuilding  of  the  civiliza- 
tion of  the  Anglo-Saxon  race,  and  this  American  Church  should 
not  be  unworthy  of  her  great  inheritance.  Surely,  there  are 
believing  men  to-day,  as  there  have  been  in  the  past,  who  will 
give  of  their  abundance  to  the  endowment  of  professorships, 
of  fellowships,  and  of  scholarships  in  our  institutions  of  learn- 
ing. When  it  is  considered  that  the  sum  of  $2,000  will  endow 
a  tuition  scholarship  in  any  of  our  colleges,  it  seems  incredible 
that  our  people  will  permit  these  institutions  to  be  compelled, 
by  their  poverty,  to  charge  such  fees  as  are  practically  prohi- 
bitory to  many  of  the  worthiest  children  of   the  Church. 

"  (4)  In  a  vast  country  like  ours,  where  each  state  is  prac- 
tically a  separate  commonwealth,  with  its  own  endowed  univer- 
sity ;  and  where  great  institutions  of  learning  have  grown  up 
in  many  quarters,  commanding,  by  considerations  of  local  pride 
and  family  loyalty,  the  patronage  of  many  Churchmen,  a  new 
condition  of  things  has  been  created,  and  wise  men  have  had 
to  devise  methods  for  maintaining  a  hold  upon  the  sons  and 
daughters  of  the  Church  in  places  where  the  existence  of  Church 
colleges  is  impossible. 

"(rt)  Among  these  efforts,  your  Committee  cordially  and 
heartily  endorses  the  plan  adopted  by  the  late  Bishop  Harris, 
in  the  establishment  of  Harris  Hall  at  the  University  of  Michi- 
gan. This  experiment  has  been  tried  for  ten  years,  and  has 
proved,  in  every  way,  a  complete  success.  The  Bishops  of 
Milwaukee  and  of  West  Virginia  have  undertaken  to  have  similar 
foundations  at  the  University  of  Wisconsin  and  the  University 
of  West  Virginia.  Young  men  attending  the  universities  may 
live  in  the  halls  as  practically  members  of  the  family  of  the 
clergyman  in  charge.  In  both  instances  the  religious  interest 
of  the  students  is  quickened  and  sustained  under  the  healthiest 
and  finest  influences.     The  Church    life  in  the  university  is  con- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTIOX.  303 

centrated  and,  at  the  Univ^ersity  of  Michigan,  its  influence  is 
reinforced  by  the  two  courses  of  lectures,  upon  the  Baldwin 
and  Slocum  foundation,  delivered  annually  to  all  the  students, 
by  eminent  clergymen  of  the  Church.  The  erection  and  endow- 
ment of  such  halls  as  these  in  connection  with  every  large 
secular  university  in  the  country  would  be  a  vast  gain  to  our 
educational  work. 

"(<^)  Another  plan  proposed,  in  connection  with  smaller 
colleges  not  under  Church  control,  and  which  commends  itself 
to  the  Committee,  is  to  endow  the  parish  churches  in  such  places 
with  annual  income  sufficient  to  support  a  clergyman  of  character 
and  ability  fit  to  influence  and  guide  the  students  committed  to 
his  care.  Some  of  the  very  best  work  that  has  ever  been  done 
among  }-oung  men  in  this  country  has  been  accomplished  by 
Rectors  of  parishes  which  happen  to  be  in  proximity  to  insti- 
tutions of  learning. 

"(5)  The  Joint  Committee  has  had  before  it  the  report  of 
the  University  Board  of  Regents,  appointed  by  the  General 
Convention  of  i88g.  The  Committee  is  of  the  opinion  that  the 
appointment  of  this  Board,  as  a  permanent  part  of  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Church,  was  one  of  the  wisest  and  most  significant 
acts  of  the  Convention  in  recent  years.  It  was  no  less  than 
the  public  and  emphatic  declaration  to  our  people  that  this 
Church  believes  in  the  Christian  education  of  Christian  men 
and  women,  and  is  ready  to  accept  the  responsibility  and  go 
forward  to  make  it  a  real  power. 

"It  does  not  come  within  the  province  of  this  Committee  to 
suggest  to  the  Board  of  Regents  plans  or  methods  for  the  con- 
duct of  their  work.  The  members  of  that  Board  are  men  whose 
names  are  a  sufficient  guarantee  for  wise,  large-minded  and 
judicious  measures  in  the  discharge  of  the  very  difficult  and 
complex  trust  committed  to  their  care.  The  Committee^  how- 
ever, does  venture  to  urge  upon  the  Church  the  necessity 
of  making  the  Board  of  Regents  more  and  more  a  realit}-,  by 
giving  to  it  that  sympathy,  counsel  and  co-operation,  without 
which   no  great  enterprise  of  the  kind  can  possibly  succeed. 

"In  conclusion,  the  Joint  Committee  reverently  expresses  its 
profound  sense  of  the  loss  that  has  come  to  this  Committee  of 
the  General  Convention,  and  to  the  Church  at  large,  by  the  death 
of  those  distinguished  Deputies,  those  great  Christian  educators, 
the  Rev.  Henry  A.  Coit,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  School, 
Concord,  N.  H.,  and  Prof.  Henry  Coppee,  of  Lehigh  University. 
Such  lives  as  theirs  are  the  joy  and  glory  of  the  Church.  They 
are  at  once  the  witness  and  the  prophecy  of  that  ever-growing 
interest  in  Christian  education,  that  in  the  near  future  shall 
actualize  itself  in  splendid  evidences  of  our  faith  in  Christ  —  in 
institutions  of  godly  as  well  as  sound  learning,  that  shall  be 
^ov  glory  and  for  blessing  to  our  children's  children." 


Rev.  David  H.  Greer,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  305 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Greer,  of  New  York :  "  Mr.  Chairman  and 
gentlemen  :  —  It  hardly  seems  necessary  to  supplement  the  re- 
port which  has  just  been  read,  by  a  speech.  The  work  of  the 
Church  University  Board  of  Regents,  to  which  the  report  refers, 
has  been,  so  far,  a  very  modest  work,  and  has  assumed,  so  far, 
but  very  modest  proportions.  When  more  has  been  done  there 
will  be  more  to  talk  about. 

"  I  simply  wish  to  add  a  word  in  regard  to  the  scholarships 
which  have  been  established  by  the  Board,  and  to  say  that  these 
scholarships  are  intended  to  be  both  an  end  to  themselves  and 
also  a  means,  leading  ultimately,  it  is  hoped,  to  a  much  larger 
end.  They  were  meant  to  be  an  end  in  themselves,  and  that 
end  the  enrichment  of  the  ministry  of  the  Church.  It  was  felt 
by  the  members  of  the  Board,  as  it  is  felt  by  all  thoughtful 
people  to-day,  that  the  great  foe  of  the  faith  and  of  the  faith 
of  the  Church  is  not  learning,  but  half-learning  ;  and,  therefore, 
it  was  also  felt  that  whatever  could  be  done  to  deepen  and 
enrich  the  scholarship  of  the  ministry  of  the  Church  would  be 
to  equip  that  ministry  so  as  to  enable  it  to  meet  the  cheap 
popular  {7d  captand2i)n  scepticism  of  the  day. 

"  Perhaps  no  better  illustration  has  been  recently  afforded  of 
the  fact,  that  while  half,  or  partial,  learning  in  philosophy  or 
science  may  lead  to  results  prejudicial  to  the  Christian  faith, 
fuller  and  larger  learning  along  the  same  lines  will  lead  to  the 
establishment  of  that  faith,  than  in  the  case  of  the  late  Prof. 
Romaine.  Some  of  you  remember  that  early  in  his  life  he 
wrote  and  published  a  little  book — little  in  bulk,  but  strong  as 
an  argument  it  was  thought  to  be  at  the  time — which  he  called 
'A  Candid  Examination  of  Theism.'  I  remember  having  read 
the  book,  and  I  recall  that  it  made  a  distinct  and  strong  im- 
pression upon  me,  as  it  did  upon  others  at  the  time.  The 
conclusion  of  his  argument  made  against  the  existence  of  a 
personal  God.  Not  long  before  his  death,  having  in  the  mean- 
time pursued  further  —  not  departed  from,  but  gone  on  and 
pursued  further  —  the  same  philosophical  and  scientific  inquiries, 
he  published  another  book,  in  which  he  traversed  the  argument 
that  he  had  put  forth  some  fifteen  years  before,  considering  it 
point  by  point,  reaching  precisely,  on  philosophical  and  scientific 
grounds,  a  precisely  opposite  conclusion  ;  and  he  died  in  the 
communion  of  the  English  Church.     ('Hear!     Hear.') 

"It  is  the  strong  and  deep  conviction  of  your  Board,  Mr. 
Chairman  and  gentlemen,  that  whatever  we  can  do,  be  it  ever 
so  little  and  of  so  modest  a  character,  to  enrich  and  strengthen 
and  ripen  the  scholarship  of  the  ministry  of  the  Church,  will 
equip  the  Church  for  the  stronger  and  better  defence  of  the 
Christian  faith." 

The  Rev.  Wm.  Tatlock,  of  Michigan,  followed  Dr.  Greer  in 
a  speech,  which  was  received  with  marked  attention  ;    being  at 


306  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Ann  Arbor,  he  has  ample  opportunity  of  seeing  the  operation 
of  principles  every  Churchman  holds  dear.  He  is  in  deep  sym- 
pathy with  the  desire  to  see  the  Church  attain  the  very  highest 
possible  results  in  the  educational  world  ;  it  was  very  noticable 
all  through  this  speech,  and  during  all  others,  on  allied  subjects. 
The  attention  of  the  House  was  almost  strained  in  its  eager 
response  to  all  that  was  said,  looking  to,  or  commending  the 
things  done  with  this  view. 


REPORT  OF  THE  BOARD   OF  M/SSlOyS. 

If  Church  folk  could,  one  and  all,  visit  the  Church  Missions 
House  in  New  York,  and  see,  as  I  have  very  many  times  seen, 
the  work  done  by  those  who  are  in  ofifice  there,  and  know  the 
men  who  are  doing  the  work  for  the  Church,  it  would  be  a 
revelation  to  many,  and  a  joy  to  all.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Langford 
is  a  genial  soul,  full  of  enthusiasm  for  every  good  work  ;  he  is 
a  man  of  wide  experience  and  large  knowledge  respecting  all 
matters  connected  with  missionary  work  ;  he  is  a  good  speaker 
and  an  able  administrator.  I  have  been  out  with  him  as  dep- 
utation more  than  once,  and  know  the  man  and  know  his  work; 
there  is  nothing  small  or  narrow  in  anything  he  says  or  does. 
The  second  secretary  is  Rev.  Joshua  Kimber,  D.  D.  ;  he  has 
been  for  many  years  in  the  service  of  the  Board  (I  suppose,  at 
least,  a  quarter  of  a  century).  He  is  a  magazine  of  information 
on  all  subjects  connected  with  foreign  missions,  and  an  authority 
on  home  missions.  He  is  a  man  with  a  past,  for  which  the 
Church  may  well  be  thankful.  Mr.  Roberts  is  the  official  who 
takes  care  of  the  cash  for  the  honored  treasurer,  Mr.  Bliss,  a 
well  known  member  of  Grace  Church  Parish,  New  York.  Mr. 
Bliss  is  loved  and  revered  wherever  he  is  known.  Mr.  Roberts 
has  been  long  in  the  service  of  the  Board  of  Missions,  and  has 
always  been  found  diligent,  capable,  and  scrupulously  honest. 
These  men,  with  the  clerks,  do  the  work  of  the  office.  The 
secretaries  have  very  many  duties  of  all  kinds,  not  the  least  is 
that  of  attending  meetings  as  deputation.  It  may  be  said  in 
the  strictest  truth,  no  church  ever  had  men  whose  service 
proved  their  loyal  devotion    to    its    interest  in  a  more  practical 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


307 


way  than  do  those  who    serve    at    the  Church  Missions    House, 
in  New  York. 

DOMESTIC    MISSIONS. 

Dr.  Langford  presented  the  annual  report  on  Domestic  Mis- 
sions of  the  Board  of  Managers.  The  report  is  too  long  to 
print  in  full  in  a  History  of  the  Convention,  but  the  following 
will  give  an  idea  of  the  work  done,  and  the  fact  that  in  eighteen 


0^" 

m    **" 

-  ^IlT  '' 

^^^^^L                  /  ^^ 

^^^^^^^^^^^^^        /'^^^B^^^ 

^ 

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^V^^^ 

H 

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^d&c'  .3l 

4|NH 

^^^^^^^^^^^■k|^^ 

■§j^ 

Rev.  Wm.  S.  Langford,  D.  D. 


years  the  income  of  the  Board  of  Missions  has  risen  from 
$152,632  to  $320,362  a  year,  shows  how  capable,  persevering  and 
able  has  been  the  direction  of  the  missionary  work  and  its 
financial  administration.  In  presenting  the  report,  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Langford  said  : 

"The  Board  of  Managers  presents  herewith  the  60th  annual 
report  of  the  work  of  the  Church  in  Domestic  Missions.  It 
contains  the  reports  of  the  several  Missionary  Bishops;  a  list 
of  the  missionaries    ordained    and    unordained ;    the    Treasurer's 


308  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

report  of  receipts  and  disbursements  for  the  year;  a  table  of 
Dioceses  and  Missionary  Jurisdictions,  showing  appropriations 
and  contributions  for  1894-95  ;  and  an  analysis  of  receipts  for 
Domestic  Missions  since  1877;  all  of  which  are  commended  to 
the  attention  of  the  clergy  and  laity  of  the  Church. 

"The  Society  is  responsible  for  the  salaries  of  the  Bishops 
and  stipends  of  the  missionaries  in  the  following  eighteen  Mis- 
sionary Jurisdictions,  viz:  Arizona,  Bishop  Kendrick  ;  Montana, 
Bishop  Brewer;  Nevada  and  Utah,  Bishop  Leonard;  New 
Mexico,  Bishop  Kendrick ;  Northern  California,  Bishop  Wing- 
field  ;  Northern  Texas,  Bishop  Garrett ;  North  Dakota,  Bishop 
Walker;  South  Dakota,  Bishop  Hare;  Western  Texas,  Bishop 
Johnston;  Olympia,  Bishop  Barker;  Wyoming  and  Idaho,  Bishop 
Talbot;  Oklahoma,  Bishop  Brooke;  Alaska,  Bishop  Rowe;  The 
Platte,  Bishop  Graves;  Spokane,  Bishop  Wells;  Western  Colo- 
rado (vacant);  Southern  Florida,  Bishop  Gray;  Northern  Mich- 
igan (not  yet  filled). 

"Besides  the  above,  which  are  exclusively  missionary,  the 
Board  has  given  assistance  to  thirty-seven  Dioceses,  as  follows: 
Alabama,  Arkansas,  California,  Colorado,  Delaware,  East  Caro- 
lina, Easton,  Florida,  Fond  du  Lac,  Georgia,  Indiana,  Iowa, 
Kansas,  Kentucky,  Louisiana,  Maine,  Maryland,  Milwaukee,  Min- 
nesota, Mississippi,  Missouri,  Nebraska,  New  Hampshire,  New 
York,  North  Carolina,  Ohio,  Oregon,  Quincy,  South  Carolina, 
Springfield,  Southern  Virginia,  Tennessee,  Texas,  Virginia,  West- 
ern Michigan,  West  Missouri,  and  West  Virginia. 

"The  whole  number  of  missionaries  during  the  year,  clerical 
and  lay,  male  and  female,  receiving  salaries  or  stipends,  is  837, 
and  the    amount   appropriated    for   the  whole  work   is  ^269,635. 

ALASKA. 

"  Perhaps  the  most  heroic  part  of  the  Church's  missionary 
work  is  in  our  most  remote  Northwest  territory.  There  the 
workers  are  absolutely  cut  off  from  communication  with  home 
except  once  a  year.  Through  the  greater  part  of  the  year  they 
are  inaccessible,  ice  and  snowbound.  Indeed,  at  the  time  of 
this  writing,  we  have  heard  only  indirectly  from  the  mission- 
aries at  Point  Hope  for  more  than  a  year.  Our  latest  advices 
came  through  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Education  in  Wash- 
ington, stating  that,  by  a  communication  which  they  had  re- 
ceived, the  Rev.  E.  H.  Edson  and  Dr.  John  B.  Driggs  were 
reported  well  in  December,  1894.  Previous  to  that,  Dr.  Driggs' 
report  was  to  June,  8th,  1894,  and  was  received  in  November,  and 
published  at  that  time. 

WORK    AMONG   THE    INDIANS. 

"In  Alaska,  Indian  Territory,  North  Dakota,  South  Dakota, 
Wyoming,  New    Mexico,    Utah,    and   Southern    Florida  and  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  309 

oldest  mission,  that  among  the  Oncidas  in  the  Diocese  of  Fond 
du  Lac,  are  all  reported  upon  with  more  or  less  fullness  in  the 
reports  of  those  Bishops.  The  great  work  in  Minnesota  ought 
to  be  reviewed  under  this  cover,  but  it  is  not.  The  massacre 
of  the  Bannock  Indians  in  Wyoming  during  last  July,  is  a  dark 
blot  upon  our  boasted  civilization.  The  Christian  conscience  of 
the  land  should  demand,  with  one  voice,  that  all  Indians  have 
justice  done  them.  Swift  retribution  should  be  made  to  follow 
upon  the  inhuman  cruelties  of  the  people  and  the  authorities 
of  Jackson's   Hole. 

"  How  can  we  complain  of  the  inhumanity  of  the  heathen 
if  we  tolerate  such  barbarism  in  a  Christian  land  ?  How  can 
we  wonder  if  the  Indians,  so  exasperated,  seek  revenge  ?  In 
the  name  of  the  merciful  Saviour,  we  plead  for  these  remnants 
of  tribes  scattered  throughout  the  United  States,  that  they  may 
be  surrounded  and  guarded  by  a  cordon  of  Christian  love,  that 
they  may  be  gathered  and  folded  in  the  arms  of  the  infinite 
compassion. 

"These  facts  are  certified  to  by  the  Bureau  of  Indian  Affairs: 
Of  the  247,000  Indians  in  this  country,  30,000  are  engaged  in 
farming,  stock  raising  and  other  civilized  pursuits.  During  the 
last  year  the  Indians  raised  11,722,656  bushels  of  wheat.  1,373,- 
230  bushels  of  corn  and  other  grain,  and  vegetables  in  like 
proportion.  They  marketed  30,233,000  feet  of  lumber ;  they 
own  205,844  head  of  cattle,  1,283,633  sheep  and  goats,  and  the 
value  of  products  of  Indian  labor  sold  by  them  is  estimated  at 
Si, 220, 517.  Of  the  247,000  Indians,  i8g,ooo  are  self-supporting 
and  35,000  pay  taxes,  live  outside  the  reservations  and  are 
counted  in  the  general  population.  At  the  last  election  about 
22,000  Indians  voted.     About  30,000  are  Church  members. 

THE    LENTEN    OFFERING. 

"  The  Lenten  offerings  of  the  Sunday  schools  show  a  de- 
cided improvement  the  past  year  over  the  year  immediately 
preceding, — §67,491.91  agamst  $58,108.58  in  1894.  They  are  yet 
behind  the  banner  year,  1893,  when  they  amounted  to  $76,000, 
but  the  recovery  is  so  great  as  to  afford  good  ground  to  hope 
that  they  may  go  beyond  that  and  reach  the  high  water  mark 
which  has  been  aimed  at, — $100,000.  It  can  be  done  if  all  set 
about  it  with  good  purpose,  and  do  one  thing  during  Lent 
honestly,  earnestly,  thoroughly. 

THE    woman's    auxiliary. 

"The  stipends  paid  by  the  Board  have  been  supplemented  by 
the  gifts  from  parish  branches  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  of 
clothing  and  supplies  for  the  missionaries'  families.  In  many 
an  instance  the  lives  of  the  missionaries  would  have  been  harder 


310  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

and  their  anxiety  greater  were  it  not  for  these  annual  donations 
to  eke  out  a  livelihood.  Although  that  is  not  the  ideal  way 
of  supporting  God's  servants,  who  ought  to  receive  a  sufficient 
remuneration  for  their  services,  yet  it  has  become  necessary, 
and  it  is  done  with  a  degree  of  delicate  sympathy  and  tender- 
ness which  gives  to  it  a  special  value,  and  it  has  brought  the 
givers  into  a  relation  with  the  missionaries  which  has  been  of 
benefit  both  to  the  one  and  to  the  other. 

"  Beyond  this  the  Auxiliary,  through  its  central  office,  has 
maintained  a  close  and  intelligent  contact  with  the  different 
parts  of  the  field,  which  has  been  largely  helpful  to  the  work 
and  to  the  workers,  and  through  their  missionary  meetings, 
—  parochial,  district  and  diocesan,  —  they  have  communicated 
information  concerning  the  wide  field  and  the  various  missions 
by  which  interest  has  been  fostered  and  support  secured  in 
large  measure.  It  should  be  said,  however,  by  way  of  caution, 
that  in  making  the  enquiry  why  certain  parishes  do  not  con- 
tribute to  the  treasury  of  the  Board,  the  Rectors  have  replied 
that  their  parish  contributions  for  misssions  are  given  to  the 
Woman's  Auxiliary,  and  for  that  reason  the  parishes  do  not 
appear  in  the  lists  of  contributors  to  the  Board.  It  is  not  the 
intention  that  gifts  through  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  should  take 
the  place  of  parochial  offerings  to  meet  the  Board's  appropri- 
ations, or  that  the  Auxiliary  should  ever  be  credited  with  the 
regular  parish  or  Sunday  school  Lent  offerings,  but  rather  that 
their  efforts  should  be  to  supplement  what  the  parish  gives  in 
the  ordinary  way. 

CONTRIBUTIONS    FOR    1894-5. 

"The  following  table  of  Dioceses  and  Missionary  Jurisdictions 
shows  contributions  for   1894-5  made  through  the   Board: 

DIOCESES. 

Alabama     $      504  Minnesota $     3,008 

Albany 8,630  Mississippi 418 

Arkansas 357  Missouri 2,439 

California 1,882  Nebraska 798 

Central  New   York 6,189  Newark 6,079 

Central   Pennsylvania. ..  4,687  New  Hampshire 1,670 

Chicago 3,337  New  Jersey 5,150 

Colorado 557  New  York 126,724 

Connecticut 16,208  North  Carolina 1,618 

Delaware 1,036  Ohio 2,046 

East  Carolina 1,212  Oregon 1,099 

Kaston 765  Pennsylvania 74-559 

Florida 308  Pittsburg 7,594 

Fond  du  Lac 485  Quincy 446 

Georgia 3,224  Rhode  Island 22,500 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


311 


Indiana   739 

Iowa 617 

Kansas 793 

Kentucky 1,849 

Long   Island 13,186 

Louisiana i>i75 

Maine 943 

Maryland I3,34i 

Massachusetts 27,336 

Michigan 3,128 

Milwaukee 1,127 


South  Carolina 1,762 

Southern   Virginia 2,183 


Springfield, 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Western   Michigan. 
Western  New  York 

West  Missouri 

West  Virginia 


507 

647 

689 

1,271 

1,947 

•1,378 

9,015 

290 

1,428 


MISSIONARY   JURISDICTIONS. 


Alaska $    100 

Arizona 198 

Montana 1,056 

Nevada  and  Utah 622 

New   Mexico 146 

Northern  California 489 

North  Dakota 177 

Northern  Michigan 154 

Northern  Texas 558 


Oklahoma $    178 

Olympia. . 266 

South    Dakota 1,046 

Southern  Florida 320 

Spokane 44 

The  Platte 203 

Western  Colorado 136 

Western  Texas 536 

Wyoming  and   Idaho....  302 


RECEIPTS    BY    YEARS. 


Wliole  No. 
Congregations. 


Gross  Keceipts 
for  the  year. 


1877-8  4,000  ;Si52,632.64 

1878-9  4,102  157,281.61 

1879-80  4,091  169,397.51 

1880- 1  4,151  222,298.09 

1881-2  4,264  228,357.68 

1882-3  4.357  202,356.30 

1 8S3-4  4,266  208,647.60 

1884-5  4-391  251,848.12 

18S5-6  4.478  323,747.07 

1886-7  4,434  229,634.52 

1887-8  4,550  384,222.44 

1888-9  4,600  254,816.86 

18S9-90  5,019  251,502.57 

1890-1  5,086  254,017.39 

1891-2  5,282  321,075.71 

1892-3  5,499  296,553.84 

1893-4  ••-• 5,724  329,376.12 

1894-5       5,484  327,362.75 

"  The  foregoing  takes  no  account  of  the  sums  expended  by 
the  several  Dioceses  for  diocesan  missions,  nor  of  the  help  given 

to    the  missionaries    in    money    and    supplies    by    the    Woman's 


312  HISTOKY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Auxiliary,  nor  yet  of  the  gifts  sent  directly  to  the  Missionary 
Bishops  and  others,  by  including  which  the  sum  of  the  offer- 
ings for  mission  work  in  the  United  States  would  exceed  three 
quarter  of  a  million  dollars  a  year. 

CONCLUSION. 

"  Out  of  a  total  of  5,484  congregations,  the  number  which 
contributed  during  the  past  year  to  domestic  missions  was  3,314, 
and  the  number  contributing  to  the  work  of  the  Board,  domestic 
and  foreign,  was  3,506.  There  is  good  ground  for  encourage- 
ment that  the  whole  number  of  congregations  contributing 
through  the  Board's  treasury  was  674  greater  than  the  year 
next  preceding,  and  432  more  than  have  contributed  in  any 
previous  year.  Still,  it  may  be  asked,  Why  should  there  be 
any  congregations  from  which  nothing  was  received  ?  Making 
reasonable  allowance  for  congregations  that  have  only  occasional 
ministrations,  for  those  in  which  change  of  Rector  may  have 
thrown  the  congregation  out  of  regular  habits  of  contributing, 
and  for  those  which  may  have  contributed  either  directly  to  the 
field  or  through  other  channels  than  the  13oard's  treasury,  there 
must  be  a  large  number  which  have  neglected  to  make  a  defin- 
ite effort  to  support  that  work  concerning  which  the  Lord  gave 
distinct  charge  to  his  Church,  and  many  people  who  are  of  the 
Church,  but  do  not  habitually,  if  at  all,  help  to  sustain  the 
work  for  which  the  Church,  through  its  constituted  authority, 
has  assumed  the  responsibility. 

"Notwithstanding  the  delinquencies  which  are  referred  to 
above,  which  have  hindered  and  imperilled  the  work,  it  is  of 
the  Lord's  mercy  that  we  have  come  through  the  year  without 
a  deficiency.  Heartfelt  thanks  are  due  and  are  hereby  expressed 
and  extended  to  all  who  have  aided  by  praj-ers  and  gifts  in  the 
work  of  domestic  missions,  and  especially  to  all  those  who  in 
the  time  of  anxiety,  when  it  seemed  that  the  work  must  be 
scriousl)'  curtailed,  were  prompt  and  generous  in  coming  to  the 
rescue  of  the  Board's  needy  treasury.  With  gratitude  for  what 
has  been  done  there  should  be  coupled  a  resolute  purpose  on 
the  part  of  all  to  begin  at  once  with  loving  hearts  to  plan  for 
the  support  of  this  work  in  the  future,  and  so  to  plan  that  no 
congregation  shall  fail  during  the  next  year  to  do  all  in  its 
power  toward  the  maintenance  and  extension  of  the  Church's 
work  in  the  domestic  field. 

"By  order  and  in  behalf  of  the  Board  of  Managers. 

Wm    S.  Langford, 
General  Secretary." 


314  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

TRIENNIAL  MEETING   OF  THE   WOMAN'S  AUXILIARY 
TO  THE  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS. 

This  triennial  meeting  had  long  been  looked  forward  to 
with  longing  eyes,  and  prayed  for  by  devout  and  earnest  souls, 
who  love  the  Church  and  its  missions,  with  an  intensity  no 
words  yet  spoken  by  man  are  sufficiently  expressive  to  tell,  in 
all  its  length  and  depth  and  breadth  and  height.  Christ 
Church,  St.  Paul,  was  the  place  to  which  the  women  of  the 
Church  journeyed,  on  the  3rd  of  October.  This  is  what  the 
Times  newspaper,  Minneapolis,  has  reported  of  that  historic 
meeting: 

"  The  triennial  general  meeting  of  the  Woman's  Auxilliary  to 
the  Board  of  Missions,  convened  October  3rd,  at  9:30  at  Christ 
Church,  St.  Paul.  The  spacious  church  was  well  filled,  and 
after  the  usual  ceremonial  of  hymn  and  prayer,  the  Rt.  Rev. 
H.  B.  Whipple,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota, 
spoke  as  follows: 

BISHOP  Whipple's  address. 

"I  hardly  know  how  to  express  the  fitting  welcome  that 
Minnesota  gives  you,  who  have  been  for  so  many  years  helpers 
in  the  Lord.  As  I  look  back  on  thirty-six  years  of  my  Bishop's 
life,  there  is  very  little  work  that  has  been  done  for  our 
Master,  in  which  your  woman's  love  has  not  been  the  influential 
part.  You  are  not  strangers;  some  of  your  number  are  house- 
hold names  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  this  Northwest. 
I  could  not  tell  you  of  all  the  loving  work  that  has  been  done — 
that  hospitals  builded  for  those  poor  and  helpless  red  men  was 
the  gift  of  a  woman.  That  beautiful  chapel,  where  those  too 
weak  to  tell  the  story  of  the  loving  hand,  where  day  by  day 
they  can  kneel  at  their  Master's  feet,  was  the  gift  of  a  woman. 
That  beautiful  chapel  of  our  boy's  school  was  the  gift  of  a 
woman. 

"And  in  the  very  dark  days  when  I  feared  that  work,  begun 
by  my  own  beloved  wife,  who  really  founded  St.  Mary's  Hall — 
that  was  the  work  of  a  woman.  It  was  a  woman  that  builded 
in  this  city  one  of  the  most  beautiful  churches,  wherein  the 
weary  laden  might  worship;  and  that  hospital  in  this  goodly 
city  is  the  work  of  a  woman. 

"There  are  here  to-day  names  unknown,  but  known  to  Him 
who  treasures  in  His  divine  heart  every  deed  of  love,  whose 
loving  sympathy  has  enabled  this  Church,  once  only  known  as 
a  people  spoken  against,  to  be  in  the  fore  front  of  that  mighty 
movement  that  is  peopling  this  West  with  its  millions  of  souls. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  315 

"It  is  due  to  your  Christian  women  that  this  dear  Church, 
the  Lamb's  bride,  of  which  you  are  the  daughter,  that  her 
voice  is  heard  in  the  wigwam  of  the  Indian,  in  the  school 
houses  on  the  border,  in  the  miner's  camp,  not  only  telling 
that  dear  story,  but,  I  trust,  by  the  love  of  the  Lord  Jesus, 
preparing  the  way  for  the  reunion  of  all  who  are  kinfolk  in 
Jesus  Christ. 

"I  count  it  an  honor  in  these  later  days  of  my  Bishop's 
life  that  there  are  lines  on  my  cheek  that  I  honestly  earned 
in  my  Master's  work,  but  my  heart,  by  your  love,  thank  God, 
is  young.  I  count  it  an  honor  that  in  your  name  I  am  permitted 
to  offer  you  united  offerings  on  the  Lord's  altar.  To  some  it 
may  mean  very  little,  but  to  that  loving  eye  that  from  the 
realms  of  paradise  sees  all  of  our  work  and  treasures  it  in  His 
heart,  it  means  gifts  to  gather  the  weary  and  the  lost  into  the 
fold,  that  He  may  see  that  the  travail  of  His  soul  ma}'  be 
satisfied.  And  there  is  this  to  cheer  your  heart  and  mind  in 
Christian  work  for  every  poor  soul,  that  out  of  the  depths  of 
the  needs  of  the  heart  the  hand  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  is 
grasped.  This  is  our  new  beginning,  and  the  work  will  go  on 
until  the  day  will  come,  God  hasten  it,  when  the  churches  will 
sing,  the  kingdoms  of  this  world  have  become  the  kingdoms 
of  our  Lord  and  His  Christ,  and  He  shall  reign  forever  and 
forever.  What  softens  hard  hearts  and  brings  wanderers  home 
is  the  infinate  love  of  God  in  Jesus  Christ.  In  days  of  old 
there  were  caught  glimpses  of  the  majesty,  the  power,  and  the 
wisdom  of  God;  but  He  who  thought  it  not  robbery  to  be  equal 
with  God,  He  came  to  reveal  to  a  lost  world  that  which  is 
greater  than  wisdom,  greater  than  majesty,  greater  than  infinite 
power,  of  which  this  is  only  the  manifestation,  the  essence  of 
the  being  of  God,  His  love. 

"And  that  love  of  the  Lord  Jesus  is  seen  everywhere  in  its 
absolute  hopefulness  for  humanity,  in  its  helpfulness  for  the 
weak  and  the  erring;  that  hopefulness  and  that  helpfulness  are 
intertwining  with  the  love  of  every  Christian  woman  who  has 
found  the  trysting  place  at  the  feet  of  the  Lord  Jesus. 

"I  will  not  thank  you;  we  all  overpay  whene\'er  we  are  per- 
mitted to  do  God's  work.  But  I  thank  God  that  in  the  last 
three  years,  years  when  many  a  hopeful  man  has  said,  as  men 
said  of  old,  in  the  morning,  'would  God  it  were  evening,'  and 
in  the  evening,  'would  God  it  were  morning.'  In  all  these 
years  you  have  been  teaching  the  Church  that  it  is  not  in  the 
halcyon  days  of  prosperity  alone  that  we  can  do  God's  work, 
but  any  time.  If  we  hold  fast  to  His  heart.  He  saying  to  us: 
'Go  out  into  the  wilderness,  and  there  I  will  speak  comfortably 
to  you.' 

"And  here,  sisters  in  the  Lord,  we  are  to  kneel  together,  to 
receive  that  which  our  incarnate  Redeemer  called  the  testimony 


3l6  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

of  His  dying  love,  to  seal  it  with  His  blood.  And  I  thank 
God  that  that  holiest  of  all  places  this  side  of  heaven,  our  Saxon 
fathers  called  the  Holy  Communion — His  voice  has  grown  dim 
through  long,  long  centuries — but  with  that  present  cross,  as 
you  kneel  by  that  chancel  rail,  through  that  Holy  Ghost,  the 
loving  bond  between  His  disciples  and  earth,  He  will  give  Him- 
self unto  you. 

"An  angel  might  well  ask  what  we  would  ask  to-day— to 
tell  of  sins  and  ask  for  pardon,  to  tell  of  weakness  and  ask  for 
strength,  to  tell  of  loved  ones  and  lay  them  at  His  feet,  and 
gather  all  we  have  and  give  with  ourselves  to  Christ;  nay, 
more,  to  remember  that  the  life  of  our  life  will  heal  every 
heart.  There  are  dear  ones  awaiting  our  coming  on  yonder 
shore,  our  coming  with  one  price,  for  we  have  come  not  unto 
the  mount  which  might  well  be  touched,  but  to  Mount  Zion, 
the  heavenly  Jerusalem,  to  a  company  of  churches,  the  Church 
where  we  are  born.  They  are  at  rest;  we  in  the  thickness  of 
the  battle,  one  in  Christ.  Let  us  not  only  lay  our  offerings 
on  the  altar,  but  that  which  is  above  price,  lays  our  hearts  at 
the  feet  of  Jesus." 

The  Holy  Communion  was  then  celebrated.  At  its  close  the 
communicants  adjourned  to  the  Central  Presbyterian  Church, 
corner  Exchange  and  Cedar  streets,  where  the  morning  meeting  of 
the  auxiliary  was  called  to  order.  Following  the  opening  hymn 
was  the  welcoming  address  by  the  well  beloved  assistant  Bishop 
of  Minnesota,  the  Rt.  Rev.  M.  N.  Gilbert,  and  the  presentation 
of  Mrs.  Charles  Brunson,  of  St.  Paul,  president  of  the  Minne- 
sota branch,  as  the  presiding  officer  of  the  meeting.  Mrs. 
Brunson  responded  with  a  brief  address. 

Rev.  \V.  S.  Langford,  D.  D.,  Secretary  of  the  Board  of 
Managers,  responded  on  behalf  of  the  board.  The  roll  call 
by  Dioceses  was  then  made,  the  delegates  from  each  Diocese 
rising  and  standing  until  note  was  made.  There  were  found 
to  be  delegates  representing  every  section  of  the  country,  and 
from  Alaska,  from  far  off  Japan,  and  from  China. 

GREETING    FROM    JAPAN. 

A  greeting  from  the  Japan  branch  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary 
to  the  Board  of  Missions  here  convened  was  then  read  and  re- 
ceived with  eclat. 

Miss  P^meiy,  auxiliary  secretary,  then  made  her  report  in  a 
very  pleasing  address.  She  said  that  in  the  course  of  the  last 
year  a  very  pleasant  correspondence  had  been  opened  with  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  317 

secretary  of  the  English  Board  of  Missions,  in  which  it  was 
developed  that  our  English  sisters  in  some  respects  were  far 
ahead  of  us,  and  the  most  important  was  that  they  now  take 
care  of  three  hundred  women  in  the  missionary  field  who  are 
doing  missionary  work. 

Upon  adjournment  a  bountiful  collation  was  served  in  the 
church  rooms  by  the  ladies  of  St.   Paul. 

The  afternoon  session  opened  at  2:30,  with  an  introductory 
address  by  Mrs.  Twing,  Honorary  Secretary.  She  spoke  of  the 
increase  in  trust,  in  enthusiasm  at  each  triennial  gathering. 
Never  before,  said  she,  had  the  Auxiliary  been  received  with 
such  boundless  hospitality  as  to-day  ;  never  before  has  the  bless- 
ings of  our  Heavenly  Father  been  so  great,  since  our  gifts  are 
increasing  year  by  year. 

She  said  that  the  Church  of  England  sends  her  daughters 
out  without  salaries, — that  they  support  themselves.  She  begged 
her  American  sisters  not  to  be  behind  their  English  sisters  in 
giving  personal  service  to  God.  From  our  most  distant  mis- 
sions come  not  sounds  of  sorrow,  of  sacrifice,  but  of  joy  and 
blessedness  of  service  and  richness  of  reward  that  comes  to 
them. 

A    BIG    COLLECTION. 

The  report  was  then  made  of  the  offering  made  at  the  fore- 
noon session  at  Christ  Church,  which  amounted  to  the  large 
sum  of  $53,928.58, — a  most  noble  thank  offering  to  the  Woman's 
Board  of  Missions  of  the  Episcopal  Church  of  America. 

The  next  address  was  given  by  Dr.  Marie  Haslip,  of  St. 
Luke's  Hospital,  Shanghai,  China,  who  gave  an  account  of  the 
medical  work  done  by  women  in  that  institution,  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Board  of  Missions.  She  said  they  had  worked 
under  serious  disadvantages,  and  their  work  had  been  subject  to 
limitations  of  space  for  patients,  and  lack  of  means  to  properly 
care  for  those  brought  there.  The  ignorance  of  the  people  had 
been  a  great  barrier  in  the  work,  although  this  was  being  grad- 
ually overcome.  At  first  no  respectable  woman  would  crave 
admission  ;    last  year  none  but  respectable  women  were  inmates. 

She  gave  a  glowing  tribute  to  the  mission  workers  in  the 
field.  A  Christian  Endeavor  Society  has  been  started  in  the 
work  for  our  Saviour,  and  is  doing  a  great  work  in  the  teaching 
of  the  Chinese,  and  it  is  teaching  them  the  great  needs  of  life. 


3l8  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  address  by  Miss  Helen  S.  Peabody,  Principal  of  All 
Saints'  School,  Sioux  Falls,  S.  D.,  is  as  follows: 

"The  question  is  not  infrequently  asked,  'Why  do  Church 
schools  exist?'  The  cost  is  great,  and  the  proportionate  returns 
inadequate.  Why  not  leave  the  matter  of  education  to  the 
State,  with  its  far-reaching  power  and  practically  exhaustless 
treasury,  and  devote  the  energies  of  the  Church  to  more  direct 
effort  for  making  the  kingdoms  of  this  world  the  kingdoms  of 
God  and  His  Church  ?  This  attitude  towards  education  is  de- 
termined largely  by  one's  attitude  towards  life.  To  the  point 
of  moral  character,  the  State's  school  and  the  Church  should 
go  hand  in  hand.  The  question  of  moral  character  turns  our 
mind,  the  source  of  moral  charater,  to  God  Himself.  To  the 
mind  and  heart  of  a  Christian,  character  can  exist  only  as  in- 
spired by  Him,  who  is  the  very  fountain  of  life  and  truth  and 
love.  So  far  as  I  have  a  knowledge  of  our  schools,  a  very 
small  minority  of  their  people  have  been  trained  in  the  Church. 
I  believe  in  the  public  school,  but  I  believe  that  the  work  of 
the  Church  school  is  one  of  the  most  important  given  us  to 
do. 

"The  Bishop  of  South  Dakota  is  unable  to  be  present  at 
these  meetings  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary.  I  feel  that  I  must 
take  this  opportunity  of  expressing  his  appreciation  of  your 
work.  The  last  words  of  the  Bishop  to  me,  when  I  left  him, 
were  these:  'Give  my  warmest  love  to  all  my  dear  friends,  and 
tell  them  how  much   I  long  to  be  with  them.'  " 

Mrs.  J.  M.  Francis,  of  Tokio,  Japan,  secretary  of  the  branch 
in  that  far  distant  country,  spoke  on  the  evangelistic  work. 
She  spoke  on  the  work  that  is  now  being  done  in  Japan,  first, 
by  the  foreign  women,  second,  of  the  developments  of  this 
work  and  of  the  workers  that  are  best  fitted  to  join  in  this  work 
for  Japan. 

She  gave  a  description  of  the  noble,  self-denying  work  being 
done  by  Miss  Perry,  who  came  from  New  York,  as  a  self- 
supporting  missionary.  Besides  Miss  Perry,  the  only  Amer- 
ican woman  connected  with  this  mission  was  Miss  Purdett. 
Patience,  gentleness  and  beautiful  Christian  character  of  these 
women  were  doing  much  to  break  down  the  barriers  in  this 
country.  Miss  Southern  lives  250  miles  from  Tokio,  in  the 
Northeastern  extremity  of  the  island  of  Hondo,  and  although 
in  the  midst  of  extreme  cold  and  isolation  from  friends,  she  is 
having  a  fair  amount  of  success.  The  Bishop  would  like  to 
have  other  such  lives  consecrated  to  this  noble  and  self-denying 
work. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  319 

The  Bible  School  has  developed  a  great  interest  among  the 
women  of  Japan;  spiritual  life  has  been  awakened  and  helping 
them  more  and  more.  As  the  outcome  of  this  work,  there 
were  seven  graduates  from  the  Bible  School,  and  five  more  who 
are  competent  to  teach  in  the  Bible  School.  She  urged  idle 
women,  who  desired  a  work  to  do,  to  go  to  this  land  far  away, 
to  work  for  God.  No  woman  should  go  to  Japan  who  expec- 
ted to  rule,  but  those  who  could  endure  to  be  ruled. 

WORK    AMONG    THE    NEGROES. 

Mrs.  A.  B.  Hunter,  of  St.  Augustine's  School,  Raleigh,  N. 
C,  was  then  introduced  and  gave  a  resume  of  the  good  work 
that  is  being  done  for  the  colored  people  of  the  South. 

"We  are  trying  to  teach  them  how  to  live,  and  in  teaching 
them  how  to  live,  we  have  not  only  taught  them  the  book 
lessons  in  the  schoolroom,  but  we  teach  them  practical  work  in 
their  homes — something  to  take  home  with  them.  The  women 
we  teach  to  cook  and  sew  and  clean.  To  the  men  we  teach 
carpentering  and  bricklaying,  etc.  I  hope  that  some  one  will 
come  forward  and  provide  them  a  trade  school. 

"We  are  very  anxious  to  do  what  we  can  for  these  people 
in  training  the  head,  the  heart  and  the  hand,  for  it  takes  all 
these  to  make  a  perfect  man  or  woman.  Women  do  much  of 
the  farmwork  there,  and,  therefore,  it  is  very  hard  to  interest 
them  in  the  lessons,  to  bring  any  intelligence  into  their  faces. 
Last  summer,  when  the  school  broke  up,  prayer  books  were 
given  away.  One  young  girl  soon  after  returned,  asking  for 
seventeen  more,  and  when  questioned  as  to  what  she  was  doing 
with  them,  she  turned  to  Mrs.  Hunter  with  an  indignant  look: 
'Mrs.  Hunter,  do  you  think  I  could  be  in  St.  Augustine  School, 
and  when  I  go  home  not  try  to  do  something  for  my  people?' 
Since  then  she  has  introduced  the  Prayer  Book  of  our  Church 
into  the  Sunday  School  near  her  home,  making  this  one  of  the 
regular  studies.  This  girl,  Mary,  is  teaching  there,  holding  a 
second-grade  certificate. 

"God  has  given  the  negro  brains;  why  should  not  their  brains 
be  trained  just  as  ours?  why  not  train  them  for  the  love  of  the 
useful  and  beautiful?  A  great  work  has  already  been  done, 
yet  there  are  multitudes  still  in  the  depths  of  ignorance  and 
vice.  Many  ask,  does  the  'nigger'  want  to  get  above  the  white 
man?  Their  brains  were  given  them,  not  to  lie  dormant.  Now, 
I  am  very  anxious  to  ask  for  the  co-operation  of  the  Woman's 
Auxiliary  in  the  West.  We  have  had  a  great  deal  of  iuterest 
shown  in  the  Eastern  branch.  Try  and  help  these  people;  train 
them   into  honest,  noble,  pure  lives." 


320  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

BISHOP    BROOKE    SPEAKS. 

Bishop  F.  K.  Brooke,  of  Oklahoma,  then  gave  the  following 
address  on  "The  Need  of  Workers  at  Home  and  Abroad:" 

"Apologies  are  never  graceful  things,  especially  do  they 
seem  ungraceful  and  ungraceless,  when  one  is  granted  but  fifteen 
minutes  of  time,  at  such  a  gathering  as  this,  on  which  to  speak 
on  such  a  subject.  Yet  it  seems  to  me  almost  disingenuous 
not  to  say  out  something  of  my  unfitness,  my  lack  of  the  larger 
experience  that  would  naturally  make  me  ready  and  apt  to  be 
suggestive  and  inspiring  in    speaking  to  you  of  woman's  work. 

"I  think  I  have  been  invited  here  to-day  by  your  secretary 
for  a  specific  purpose;  that  is,  to  speak  of  the  need  of  trained 
women  workers  in  the  domestic  field,  so  far  as  I  know  that 
field.  The  sort  of  women  needed,  and  what  must  be  her  best 
aim,  inspiration,  training  and  method.  You  will  not  think  it 
strange  if,  as  I  speak  to  you,  it  appears  very  plainly  to  me 
that  the  domestic  field  means  largely  Oklahoma  and  the  Indian 
Territory.  I  well  know  that  in  these  places  we  need  trained 
women  workers,  teachers  especially,  and  it  is  impossible  that 
these  should  be  as  well  paid  as  in  places  farther  East.  More 
than  once  could  I  have  used  to  great  advantage  some  well- 
qualified  woman  teacher,  who  could  or  would  forego  the  ques- 
tion of  a  salary,  equal  to  what  she  had  earned  elsewhere.  Are 
there  not  women  who  could  teach  and  teach  well,  for  the  sake 
of  Christian  education,  for  the  sake  of  Church  extensions,  for 
the  sake  of  helping  Christ's  little  ones? 

"I  have  always  believed  that  this  Woman's  Auxiliary  exists 
like  any  such  body  of  earnest  women,  not  to  accept  coditions, 
but  to  make  them;  not  to  acquiesce  in  the  weakness  and  mistakes 
of  woman's  life,  but  to  put  strength  for  weakness,  right  for 
wrong,  the  better  for  the  worse.  But  if  I  can  make  no  other 
point  or  appeal  to-day,  I  would  leave  this  one  thought  with 
you.  That  one  of  the  needs  for  the  work's  sake  and  the 
woman's  sake  as  well,  in  Western  mission  fields,  is  for  the 
independent  woman,  who  is  not  there,  because  she  must  earn 
her  living,  but  because  there  is  the  need  of  the  trained  woman 
worker,  and  she  was  fitted  and  free  to    go." 

The  Rt.  Rev.  F.  B.  Graves,  Missionary  Bishop  of  Shanghai, 
also  spoke  on  the  same  topic,  "The  Need  of  Workers  at 
Home  and  Abroad,"  and  outlined  his  work  in  China,  in  the 
building  of  a  deaconess'  home  in  the  city  of  Shanghai,  of  the 
obstacles  encountered  and  already  overcome.  The  Woman's 
Auxiliary  had  contributed  the  sum  of  $2,500  in  helping  this 
good  work  along,  and  the  building  was  now  in  the  course  of 
fraction;  but  the  sum  needed  for  the  completion    of  this  work 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  321 

exceeded  the  amount  already  given.  The  first  building  will 
cost  $3000,  and  the  second,  $4000.  He  desired  to  raise  this 
money  during  his  sojourn  in  this  country. 

THE    WORK    IN    CHINA. 

He  said  it  would  be  impossible  for  him  to  add  anything, 
but  to  reafifirm  the  words  of  his  preceding  Coadjutor,  that  a 
woman  to  become  a  successful  missionary  in  a  foreign  country, 
should  be  in  good  physical  health,  willing  to  work  under  hard 
conditions,  willing  to  work  in  harmony  with  other  Missions 
and  under  authority.  A  woman  needs  great  religious  force 
for  work  in  the  foreign  and  domestic  mission  field.  When  you 
go  into  the  hard  conditions  of  the  mission  field,  where  you  are 
beset  by  little  wants  and  petty  cares,  you  need  a  supreme  deep 
faith  in  the  Almighty  God,  and  if  our  religion  is  worth  any- 
thing, that  should  be  the  moving  point  in  woman's  work.  The 
greatest  thing  of  all  is  the  religious  faith  and  patience  that 
conquers  all  obstacles.  He  wished  our  American  churches 
would  consecrate  more  noble  woman  workers  to  the  cause. 
Every  steamer  brings  women  from  the  churches  of  England, 
from  the  Presbyterian  church  to  the  foreign  mission  field,  but 
America  was  not  represented  as  she  ought  to  be  in  this  grand 
and  glorious  work. 

A    COLORED     BISHOP. 

Bishop  Ferguson,  a  colored  worker  from  the  "dark  continent," 
having  just  entered  the  room,  with  one  of  his  African  pupils, 
was  called  to  the  platform,  and,  at  the  request  from  the  audience, 
placed  his  little  protege  in  a  chair,  where  he  could  plainly  be 
seen.       He  said: 

"Now,  my  dear  ladies,  I  was  very  much  afraid  that  Africa 
would  be  crowded  out,  for  there  were  no  arrangements  made 
for  a  speech,  but  I  see  Africa  represented  here  in  the  palm. 
How  cheering  it  is  to  see  so  many  here  representing  this  great 
work  of  the  Church.  In  regard  to  the  work  in  Africa,  it  is 
hard  to  bring  the  older  people  into  it,  but  they  would  say, 
take  our  children  and  train  them.  So  a  grand  and  noble  work 
is  being  done  among  the  heathen  children  in  that  dark  land. 
As  an  example,  I  have  brought  this  boy,  who  was  taken  from 
a     heathen    village    on    Cape     Palmas,    and    whose    parents    are 


P2 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


now  in  heathendom,  and  exhibit  him  as  a  'living  picture'  of 
the  training  that  is  being  done  in  the  'dark  continent.'  The 
boy  is  a  dwarf,  supposed  to  be  about  twelve  years  old.  I 
did  not  bring  him  as  a  fair  representative  of  the  intellect 
of  those  children,  but  because  of  his  small  size,  he  can  travel 
with  me  more  conveniently,  I  can  pack  him  away  into  a  small 
compass." 

At  his  request  the  little  dark-skinned  boy  recited  the  second 
Psalm,  the  Missionary  Psalm,  in  strong  and  sonorous  English, 
with  a  beautiful  accent;  then  sang  the  hymn,  "Safe  in  the  Arms 
of  Jesus,"  both  in  P^nglish  and  in  his  native  tongue,  after  which 
he  recited  the  Lord's  Prayer  in  his  own  language.  His  English 
was  perfect  in  pronunciation,  and  his  features  were  of  an 
intellectual  cast,  with  projecting  forehead  and  bright  dark  eyes. 


St.  Mark's  Church,  Minneapolis. 


The  meeting  closed  with  a  short  address  on  "The  Spiritual 
Side  of  Work,"  by  the  Rt.  Rev.  W.  F.  Nichols,  Bishop  of 
California. 


THE    HOUSE    OF    DEPUTIES. 


The  4th  day  of  October  will  be  forever  memorable  in  the 
history  of  the  House  of  Deputies  ;  the  report  will  show  how 
profoundly  impressed  the  Deputies  were,  and  with  what  grati- 
tude they  heard  the  result  of  the  work  of  the  Auxiliary. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  323 

The  Assistant  Secretary,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Anstice,  presented  the 
following  communication  : 

"  The  Woman's  Auxiliary  to  the  Board  of  Missions  takes 
great  pleasure  in  entrusting  to  the  care  of  the  Board  its  United 
Offering  for  1895,  made  at  the  triennial  service  of  the  Auxiliary, 
held  in  Christ  Church,  St.  Paul,  on  Thursday,  October  3.  The 
offering  amounts  to  $54,000,  and  has  been  made  in  accordance 
with  the  resolution  adopted  in  Baltimore  on  October  6,  1892, 
to  the  effect  that  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  places  before  itself 
for  its  United  Offering,  at  the  next  triennial,  the  endowment 
of  the  episcopate  in  a  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  subject  to  the 
approval  of  the  Board  of  Missions." 

The  President :  I  ask  before  proceeding  further,  that  we 
sing  "Praise  God,  from  Whom  all  Blessings  Flow,"  which  was 
done. 

Mr.  Geo.  C.  Thomas,  of  Pennsylvania:  In  view  of  the  com- 
munication which  has  just  been  read,  I  offer  the  following 
resolution : 

Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Missions  records  its  deep  sense 
of  the  self-denial  work  of  the  women  of  the  Church,  and  its 
gratitude  to  Almighty  God  for  the  wonderful  United  Offering 
to  missions  made  at  the  triennial  meeting  of  the  Woman's 
Auxiliary,  held  yesterday. 

The  resolution    was    unanimously    adopted   on  a  rising   vote. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Blanchard,  of  Pennsylvania:  I  ask  the  privi- 
lege of  the  House  to  offer  a  minute,  which  I  am  sure  will  be 
recognized  as  appropriate. 

"The  Board  of  Missions  desires  to  place  on  record  here  its 
devout  thankfulness  to  Almighty  God  for  the  payment  in  full 
of  the  large  indebtedness  which  threatened  so  seriously  to  ob- 
struct the  missionary  work  of  the  Church.  The  Board  also 
wishes  to  express  its  grateful  recognition  of  the  generosity  of 
those  who  have  so  nobly  responded  to  the  call  of  the  Church 
in  a  great  emergency." 

The  minute  was  unanimously  adopted  on  a  rising   vote. 

The  Auxiliary  offering  had  been  placed  on  the  altar  of  Christ 
Church,  in  the  gold  alms  basin,  presented  by  members  of  the 
University  of  Oxford  to  Bishops  McCoskry  and  DeLancey  for 
the  American  Church,  in  1852,  in  connection  with  the  Jubilee 
of  the  Venerable  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel. 
It  is  used  at  the  opening  service  of  each  General  Convention, 
and   also    at    the    triennial    service    for   the  Woman's    Auxiliary. 


Gold  Alms  Basin. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


325 


The  offering  was  afterwards  increased,  so  that  on  Nov.  2gth 
the  treasurer  of  the  Board  of  Missions  wrote,  saying,  "  The 
woman's  offering  is  now  ^56,027.53,  and  gifts  are  yet  being  sent 
to  us." 

LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTIONS    TO    THE    UNITED    OFFERING    OF    1895. 


Alabama 

Albany 

Arkansas 

California 

Central   New  York  . . 
Central  Pennsylvania 

Chicago    

Colorado 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

East  Carolina , 

Easton 

Florida 

Fond  du   Lac 

Georgia 

Indiana 

New  Hampshire 

New  Jersey 

New  York 8 

North   Carolina 

Ohio I 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 6 

Pittsburgh 

Ouincy    

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina 

Southern  Ohio i 

Southern  Virginia 

Springfield . 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Western   Michigan.... 
Western  New   York...  i 

W^est  Missouri 

West  Virginia 

Alaska 

Arizona 


215 

584 
32 

567 
J49 

780 
,260 

106 
,854 

430 

322 

91 
310 
179 

293 
158 
819 

,169 
470, 

,007 
188 

,560 

744 

93 
877, 

524. 
,013, 

952. 

233' 
no. 

30. 

323. 

S74- 

304- 

727. 

43- 
280. 

13- 
20. 


.00  Iowa 

.65  Kansas 

.16  Kentucky 

.72  Long   Island i 

.91  Louisiana 

.60  Maine 

.12  Maryland i 

.00  District  of   Columbia.,  i 

.75  Massachusetts 5 

.00  Michigan 2 

.41  Milwaukee 

.yy  Minnesota i 

.00  Mississippi 

.50  Missouri i 

.19  Nebraska 

.  I  5  Newark i 

.15  Montana 

.18  Nevada  and   Utah 

.34  New  Mexico 

50  North   Dakota 

.02  Northern  California..  . 

,00  Northern   Michigan.  .. 

.56  Northern  Texas  ....  . . 

.41  Oklahoma 

.83  Olympia 

,85  South    Dakota 

,04  Southern   Florida 

00  Spokane 

50  The  Platte 

61  Western  Colorado  .... 

35  Western   Texas 

00  Wyoming  and   Idaho.. 

38  France 

90  West  Africa 

88  Japan 

94  China 

25  Mexico 

92  Miscellaneous 

00  

00 


212.38 
82.00 

540.24 
,276.05 

459-58 

450.32 
,697.48 

,155-83 

,849-55 
,013.49 

162.99 

,006.90 

46.25 

,176.00 

130.00 

.794-78 
1 16.00 
117.75 

34-35 
34.55 
15.00 
6.00 
90.92 
67.95 
76.97 

258-53 
117.19 

1 1. 00 

42.08 

7.05 

168.72 

1 5 1 .00 

97.04 

5-00 

208.15 

87.30 

7-55 
542.51 


$56,070.99 


326  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

It  is  no  wonder  that  the  Auxiliary  is  so  mighty,  when  every 
one  of  its  members  are  asked  to  pray  daily  for  its  success,  and 
the  success  of  those  things  for  which  it  stands,  as  follows  : 

COLLECTS    FOR    DAILY    USE    BY    MEMBERS    OF    THE    AUXILIARY. 

O  God,  who  hast  prepared  for  those  who  love  Thee  such 
good  things  as  pass  man's  understanding;  pour  into  our  hearts 
such  love  towards  Thee,  that  we,  loving  Thee  above  all  things, 
may  obtain  Thy  promises,  which  exceed  all  that  we  can  desire; 
through  Jesus  Christ,  our  Lord.       Amen. 

Almighty  and  merciful  God,  of  whose  only  gift  it  cometh 
that  Thy  faithful  people  do  unto  Thee  true  and  laudable  ser- 
vice; grant,  we  beseech  Thee,  that  we  may  so  faithfully  serve 
Thee  in  this  life,  that  we  fail  not  finally  to  attain  Thy  heavenly 
promises;  through  the  merits  of  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.      Amen. 

O  Lord,  who  didst  come  to  seek  and  to  save  the  lost,  and 
to  Whom  all  power  is  given  in  heaven  and  in  earth,  hear,  we 
beseech  Thee,  the  prayers  of  Thy  Church  for  those  who,  at 
Thy  command,  go  forth  to  preach  the  Gospel  to  every  creature. 
Preserve  them  from  all  dangers  to  which  they  may  be  exposed; 
from  perils  by  lanci  and  perils  by  water;  from  the  deadly  pes- 
tilence; from  the  violence  of  the  persecutor;  from  doubt  and 
impatience;  from  discouragement  and  discord;  and  from  all  the 
devices  of  the  powers  of  darkness.  And  while  they  plant  and 
water,  send  Thou.  O  Lord,  the  increase;  gather  in  the  multitude 
of  the  heathen,  convert  in  Christian  lands  such  as  neglect  so 
great  salvation;  so  that  Thy  Name  may  be  glorified  and  Thy 
Kingdom  come,  O  Gracious  Saviour  of  the  world;  to  whom, 
with  the  Father  and  the  Holy  Ghost,  be  honor  and  glory,  world 
without  end.      Amen. 

The  noble  women  whose  names  are  here  printed,  with  an 
army  of  like-minded  women  who  help  them,  are  adding  to  the 
old  triumphs  of  the  cross  new  victories  daily. 

List  of  General  and  Diocesan  Officers  of  the  Woman's 
Auxiliary  to  the  Board  of  Missions,  1895-96. 

Conference  of  General  and  Diocesan  Officers  on  the  Third  Thursday  in  each 
month,  from  September  to  April  inclusive,  in  the  Auxiliar_v  Room  of  the 
Church  Missions  House,  immediately  after  Noon  Prayers  "in  the  Chapel; 
excepting  in  October,  when  it  is  held  at  the  time  and  place  of  meeting 
of  the  Board  of  Missions  or  of  the  Missionary  Council. 

GENERAL  OFFICERS. 

Secretary,  IMiss  Julia  C.  Emery,  Church   Missions  House,  New 

York. 
Honorary  Secretary,  ]\Irs.  A.  T.  Twixg,  Church  Missions  House, 

New  York. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COXVEXTION.  327 

DIOCESAN  OFFICERS. 
ALABAMA. 

Organized  August,  i88g.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diocesan  Convention.  President,  Mrs.  F.  H.  Warren,  318 
Clayton  St.,  Montgomery;  Vice-President,  INIrs.  J.  M.  Martin, 
728  West  Twentieth  St.,  Birmingham;  Altar  Chapter,  Miss  R. 
P.  Williams,  96  Mobile  St,  Montgomery;  Prayer  Book  Chapter, 
Miss  Alice  Hereford,   113  Catoma  St.,   Montgomery. 

ALASKA. 

Organized  April,  1894.  President,  Mrs.  John  W.  Chapman, 
Anvik;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Jules  L.  Prevost,  Fort  Adams; 
Secretary,  Miss  Bertha  W.  Sabine,  Anvik;  Treasurer,  Dr.  Mary 
V.  Glenton,  Anvik. 

ALBANY. 

Organized  April,  1883.  Annual  meeting,  first  Wednesday 
in  May;  place  fixed  by  Executive  Board,  semi-annual  in  Oc- 
tober. President,  Mrs.  F.  J.  H.  Merrill,  Albany;  Vice-Presi- 
dents, Mrs.  J.  K.  Paige,  Schenectady;  Miss  E.  W.  Brown,  Sara- 
toga Springs;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Miss  Alice  Lacy,  74 
Chapel  St.,  Albany;  Recording  Secretary,  Miss  S.  B.  Purdy,  80 
P'irst  St.,  Troy;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  C.  W.  Palmer,  51  Seventh  St., 
Troy;  Managers:  Archdeaconry  of  Albany,  Miss  A.  E.  Twed- 
dle,  Menand's,  Albany;  Mrs.  A.  VanNostrand,  7  Union  Street, 
Schenectady;  Archdeaconry  of  Ogdensburg,  Miss  Josephine  S. 
Kirby,  Potsdam;  Mrs.  Louis  Hasbrouck,  108  Crescent  Park, 
Ogdensburg;  Archdeaconry  of  the  Susquehanna,  Miss  E.  J. 
Hughes,  Gilberts\'ille;  Miss  Sarah  North,  Walton;  Archdeaconry 
of  Troy,  Miss  Ella  F.  Cusack,  58  Second  St.,  Troy;  Mrs.  W. 
Ball  VVright,  Rouse's  Point.  Junior  Department:  Secretary, 
Miss  E.  M.  Gray,  6  South  Hawk  St.,  Albany. 

ARKANSAS. 

Reorganized   1895.      Secretary,  Mrs.  John  Gass,  Little  Rock. 

CALIFORNLA. 

Organized  1880.  Annual  meeting,  day  after  Diocesan  Con- 
vention. President,  Mrs.  James  Newlands,  2903  Clay  St.,  San 
Francisco;  First  Vice-President,  Miss  t^sther  Towell,  2217  Fig- 
ueroa  St.,  Los  Angeles;  Secretary,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Lawver,  2805 
Washington  St.,  San  Francisco;  Treasurer,  Miss  J.  E.  Hill, 
Berkeley;  Vice-Presidents  from  Associated  Parishes:  Mrs.  J.  G. 
Clark,  iioi  Green  St.,  San  P'rancisco;  Mrs.  L.  A.  Garnet,  35 
Essex  St.,  San  Francisco;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Henry,  2103  Hyde  St., 
San  F"rancisco;  Mrs.  Wm.  H.  Taylor,  2128  California  St.,  San 
Francisco;  Mrs.  A.  K.  Greene,  San  P'rancisco;  Miss  P^leanor  Gay, 
2329  Fillmore  St.,    San    Francisco.      Junior    Department:      Sec- 


328  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

retary,  Miss  F.  Elizabeth  Bishop,  767  Fourteenth  St.,  Oakland; 
Babies'  Branch:  Secretary,  Mrs.  W.  F.  Nichols,  San  Mateo. 

CENTRAL    NEW    YORK. 

Organized  September,  1875.  Annual  meeting  in  May,  semi- 
annual, October  or  November;  President,  Mrs.  S.  C.  Knicker- 
backer,  19  Clinton  St.,  Watertown;  Secretary,  Mrs.  T.  C.  Chit- 
tenden, 5  Benedict  St.,  Watertown;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  C.  N.  Thorn, 
369  Genesee  St.,  Utica;  Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent, 
First  Missionary  District:  President,  Mrs.  A.  H.  Sawyer,  5 
Ten  Eyck  St.,  Watertown;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  E.  F.  Cooper, 
Watertown;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Geo.  I.  Baker,  17 
Winslow  St.,  Watertown.  Second  Missionary  District:  Presi- 
dent, Miss  Lucy  C.  Watson,  i  Hobart  St.,  Utica;  Vice-Presidents: 
Mrs.  S.  G.  Wolcott,  308  Genesee  St.,  Utica;  Mrs.  Charles  Ehle, 
28  South  St.,  Utica;  Mrs.  Sarah  A.  Lent,  714  Genesee  St.,  Utica; 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  C.  T.  Irish,  35  Chatham  St.,  Utica. 
Third  Missionary  District:  President,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Capen,  Bing- 
hamton;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  W.  E.  Allen,  Sherburne;  Treasurer, 
Mrs.  Joseph  Juliand,  .Greene  ;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  F.  H. 
Westcott,  174  Court  St.,  Binghamton.  Fourth  Missionary  Dis- 
trict: President,  Mrs.  C.  P.  Fuller,  704  University  Ave.,  Syracuse; 
Vice-Presidents:  Mrs.  E.  N.  Johnson,  Cortland;  Mrs.  Charles 
H.  Butler,  Oswego  ;  Mrs.  Emily  P.  Wilbur,  Skaneateles  ;  Mrs. 
William  W^atkins,  Cazenovia ;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  N. 
M.  White,  550  West  Onondaga  St.,  Syracuse  ;  Assistant  Secre- 
tary, Mrs.  F.  J.  West,  206  Delaware  St.,  Syracuse  ;  Treasurer, 
Mrs.  E.  J.  Keller,  119  Holland  St.,  Syracuse.  P'ifth  Missionary 
District:  President,  Mrs.  Frederick  L.  Manning,  Waterloo;  Sec- 
retary and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  E.  G.  White,  23  Easterly  Avenue, 
Auburn.  Sixth  Missionary  District:  President,  Mrs.  A.  F.  Ran- 
kine,  Owego;  Vice-President,  Miss  Mary  Park,  Elmira;  Secretary, 
Mrs.  S.  H.  Synnott,  28  E.  Buffalo  St.,  Ithaca;  Treasurer,  Mrs. 
J.  B.  Rathbone,  Elmira.  Junior  Department  :  Superintendent  of 
Junior  work,  Miss  Mary  E.  Cornell,  Llenroc,  Ithaca;  ist  Dis- 
trict, Miss  M.  Woodruff,  Cape  Vincent;  2nd  District,  Mrs.  Geo. 
Griswold,  17  Steuben  St.,  Utica;  3rd  District,  Mrs.  F.  H.  West- 
cott, Binghamton;  4th  District,  Miss  Louise  S.  Henry,  Homer; 
5th  District,  Mrs.  Frances  Bacon,  Waterloo;  6th  District,  Miss 
Lillie  B.  Collins,  28  East  Senaca  St.,  Ithaca.  Babies'  Branch: 
Miss  L.  C.  Watson,   i   Hobart  St.,  Utica. 

CENTRAL    PENNSYLVANIA. 

Organized  June,  1882.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Convention  ;  designated  and  approved  by  the  Bishop. 
President,  Mrs.  E.  G.Scott,  150  S.  Franklin  St.,  Wilkes  Barre; 
Vice-President,  Mrs.  Geo.  Douglass  Ramsay,  Harrisburg  ;  Sec- 
retary, Miss  M.  M.  Stone,  130  N.  Fifth  St.,  Reading;    Treasurer, 


HISTORY  OF   GENERAL  CONVENTION.  329 

Mrs.  Philip  Coleman,  South  Bethlehem;  Organizing  Secretaries: 
Harrisburg  Archdeaconry,  Mrs.  Robert  C.  Neal,  Harrisburg ; 
Scranton  Archdeaconry,  Mrs.  Rogers  Israel,  Scranton  ;  Reading 
Archdeaconry,  Mrs.  Gilbert  Sterling,  South  Bethlehem  ;  Wil- 
liamsport  Archdeaconry,  Mrs.   William    H.  Graff,  Williamsport. 

CHICAGO, 

Organized  October,  1884.  Annual  meeting,  day  after  Dio- 
cesan Convention.  Semi-annual,  October.  President,  Mrs.  D. 
B.  Lyman,  Box  30,  La  Grange,  Illinois  ;  Vice-Presidents:  North- 
eastern Deanery,  Miss  Katherine  D.  Arnold,  104  Pine  Street, 
Chicago;  Northern  Deanery,  Miss  A.  B.  Stahl,  Galena;  Southern 
Deanery,  Mrs.  D.  S.  Phillips,  189  Dearborn  Ave.,  Kankakee. 
Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  C.  O.  Meacham,  2458  Michigan 
Ave.,  Chicago  ;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  S.  K.  Munroe,  708 
Warren  Ave.,  Chicago  ;  Treasurer  Mrs.  O.  W.  Barrett,  2233 
Calumet  Ave.,  Chicago;  Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent, 
Mrs.  Henry  Starbuck,  6  Groveland  Park,  Chicago  ;  Comfort  Club 
Secretary,  Mrs.  H.  A.  Blair,  2735  Prairie  Ave.,  Chicago.  Junior 
Department:  President,  Miss  A.  B.  Stahl,  Galena,  111.  ;  Assistant, 
Miss   K.  D.  Arnold,   104  Pine  St.  Chicago. 

COLORADO. 

Organized  May,  1884.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Convention.  President,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Spalding,  201 1 
Lincoln  Ave.,  Denver;  Vice-Presidents:  Mrs.  Harriet  Piatt,  Cor. 
Race  St.,  and  Tenth  Ave.,  Denver  ;  Mrs.  M.  A.  Garstin,  Color- 
ado Springs;  Mrs.  J.  C.  Garvin,  131  East  Ninth  St.,  Leadville  ; 
Mrs.  J.  N.  Chipley,  Pueblo;  Mrs.  Fred  Kramer,  Boulder.  Sec- 
retary and  Treasurer,  Mrs.   Milo  A.  Smith,  Box  847,  Denv^er. 

CONNECTICUT. 

Organized  April,  1880.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
designated  by  the  Bishop.  President,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  H.  Colt, 
Hartford;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Harriet  F.  Giraud,  194  Wash- 
ington Street,  Middletown;  Honorary  Secretary,  Mrs.  S.  O. 
Seymour,  Litchfield;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Miss  Edith  Beach, 
care  of  Messrs.  Beach  &  Co.,  Hartford;  Recording  Secretary, 
Miss  Sarah  B.  Huntington,  336  Collins  Street,  Hartford;  Treas- 
urer, Miss  C.  L.  Thomas,  North  Washington  Street,  Norwich. 
Managers:  Fairfield  Archdeaconry  (Fairfield  Co.  Indian  Aid, 
organized  March,  1873):  Miss  H.  M.  Noble,  91  Stratford  Ave- 
nue, Bridgeport;  Mrs.  J.  H.  Brush,  Greenwich;  Miss  E.  D. 
P'erguson,  Stamford.  Hartford  Archdeaconry:  Mrs.  Stephen 
Terry,  771  Asylum  Street,  Hartford;  Miss  S.  E.  Davis,  95 
Trumbull  Street,  Hartford;  Miss  Mary  R.  Holkins,  Warehouse 
Point.  Litchfield  Archdeaconry:  Miss  Judith  Phelps,  Win- 
stead;  Miss  L.  C.  Barnum,    Lime    Rock.       Middlesex   Archdea- 


330  HISTORY  OF  GEXERAL  COXVEXTIOX. 

corny:  INIrs.  lohn  Binncy,  Middletown;  ]Mrs.  X.  C.  Stiles,  36 
Pleasant  Street.  Middletown.  New  Haven  Archdeaconry:  Miss 
S.  C.  Gower,  ^59  Orange  Street.  New  Haven;  Mrs.  C.  E.  Wood- 
cock. Ansonia;  Miss  A.  S.  Shelton.  Derby.  New  London 
Archdeaconry:  Miss  Eleanor  S.  Vinton.  Ponifret;  INIiss  E.  C. 
Stark.  44  Huntington  Street.  New  London;  ]Mrs.  S.  F.  Jarvis, 
Brooklyn.  Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent:  Miss  St. 
John.  114  Washington  St..  Hartford.  Junior  Department:  Sec- 
retarv  and  Treasurer.  Miss  L.  C.  Jarvis.  Brooklyn.  Wyndham 
Countv.  Fairfield  Archdeaconry:  Managers.  Hartford  Arch- 
deacoiirv:  ]\Irs.  W.  B.  Huntington.  Prospect  Hill.  Hartford; 
Miss  C'.  J.  Olmstead.  29  Spring  St..  Hartford;  :\Iiss  J.  V. 
Hendricks.  Forestville.  Litchfield  Archdeaconry:  Miss  J.  R. 
lohnson.  Watertown;  Miss  Juliette  Peck,  Greenwich.  Junior 
Auxiliar\-  Publishing  Company:  Secretary  and  Assistant  Treas- 
urer, Miss  Mary  E.  Beach.  Lock  Drawer  13.  Hartford. 

DELAWARE. 

Organized  April,  1SS5.  Annual  meeting,  second  Thursday 
in  October;  place  fixed  at  each  annual  meeting.  President. 
Mrs.  C.  E.  ]\lcllvane.  lOii  Park  Place,  Wilmington.  Vice- 
Presidents:  New  Castle  County.  Miss  V..  Rodney,  Xew  Castle; 
Kent  County.  Miss  H.  C.  Comegys,  Dover;  Sussex  County, 
Miss  Margaret  Orr,  Lewes.  Directresses:  Domestic  Missions, 
Mrs.  Andrew  G.  Wilson.  11 19  Market  St.,  Wilmington;  Foreign 
Missions.  Miss  Sophie  Rodney.  New  Castle;  Secretary.  Miss 
Frances  B.  Hurd.  Newark;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  William  C.  Lodge. 
Claymont;  Librarian,  Miss  May  Lafferty,  131S  West  Fourteenth 
St..  Wilmington.  ^lexican  Division:  President.  Mrs.  C.  E. 
Picllvane;  Corresponding  Secretary.  Miss  M.  T.  Canby.  619 
Delaware  Ave.,  Wilmington;  Recording  Secretary.  Miss  Anna 
Lea.  looi  ]\Lirket  St..  Wilmington;  Treasurer.  Miss  Bessie  Pal- 
mer. 190S  ^Larket  St.,  Wilmington.  Junior  Department:  Presi- 
dent, Mrs.  Geo.  C.  Hall,  Clayton  House,  Wilmington. 

EAST    CAROLINA. 

Organized  Ma\-,  1SS8.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diacesan  Convention.  Secretar\-,  Mrs.  John  Hughes,  New 
Berne.   X.  C. 

EASTOX. 

Organized  August.  1SS9.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diocesan  Convention.  President,  ^hs.  Geo.  E.  Haddaway. 
Easton.  Md.;  Vice-President.  Northern  Convocation,  Mrs.  Wm. 
Schouler.  Elkton;  Secretary,  ]\Irs.  W.  F.  Adams.  Easton.  Md.; 
Treasurer.   Miss  J.   P.   Dawson.   P^aston,   Md. 

FLORIDA. 

Organized  1879.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of  Dio- 
cesan Convention.      Honorar}-  President.  Mrs.  H.  W.  Swart,  J2 


HISTOA'Y  OF  GLWI-RAL  COXVEXriOX.  33  I 

W.  Fors)'thc  St.,  Jacksonville;  President,  Mrs.  John  Freeman 
\'ouno",  Church  and  Market  Streets,  Jacksonville;  Vice-President, 
Mrs.  K.  G.  Weed,  Jackson\ille;  Corresponding  Secretary  and 
Trcasiircr,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Burton,  iii  Market  St.,  Jacksonville; 
Recordint^  Secretar\',  Mrs.  R.  P.  Daniel,  Sprincjfield,  fackson- 
viUe. 

FOND    DU    LAC. 

Organized  July,  1884.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
designated  by  the  Bishop.  President,  Mrs.  K.  B.  Ta\'lor,  Fond 
du  Lac;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Geo.  L.  P'ield,  Ripon;  Corre- 
sponding Sccretar\',  Mrs.  Hugh  L.  Burleson,  Waupaca;  Record- 
ing Secretar}',  Mrs.  W.  H.  P^ord,  Oshkosh;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  J. 
B.   Perr\',   P'ond  du  Lac. 

CEORGIA. 

Organized  June,  1889  Annual  meeting,  day  after  Diocesan 
Con\'ention.  Secretary,  Mrs.  Frank  H.  Miller,  Summerville, 
Augusta;  Organizing  Secretaries:  Albany  Archdeaconry,  Miss 
Maria  Harrold,  Albany;  Atlanta  Archdeaconr}',  Mrs.  Geo.  R. 
Black,  Atlanta;  Augusta  Archdeaconry,  Mrs.  Charles  H.  Phinizy, 
Augusta;  Macon  Archdeaconr_\-,  Miss  M.  T.  Griffin,  [530  Third 
A\-e.,  Columbus;  Savannah  Archdeaconr)',  Miss  A.  C.  Johnson, 
551  Jones  St.,  Savannah. 

INDIANA. 

Organized  1883.  Annual  meeting,  day  before  Diocesan 
Convention.  Secretary,  Miss  li.  L.  Upfold,  546  North  Meridian 
St.,  Indianapolis;  Vice-President  for  Indianapolis  Convocation, 
Mrs.  J.  R.  Nichols,  519  North  Pennsylvania  St.,  hidianapolis; 
Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent.  Miss  C.  H.  Howland, 
627  North   Pennsylvania  St..   hidianapolis. 

IOWA. 

Organized  May,  1887.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Con\ention.  Honorary  President,  l\Irs.  W.  Stevens 
Perry,  Cathedral  Close,  Davenport;  President,  Mrs.  F,.  C.  Rock, 
179  Ave.  A.,  Cedar  Rapids;  \'ice-Presidcnt,  ]\h's.  W.  R.  Bowman. 
Waverly;  Secretary,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Ga}-lord,  1418  West  Locust  St., 
Des  Moines;  Treasurer,  INh's.  Arthur  C.  Stilson,  843  Fourth  St., 
Des    Moines. 

KANSAS. 

Organized  Ma}',  1881.  .Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
designated  by  the  President.  President,  Mrs.  Elisha  S.  Thomas, 
Topeka;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Frank  Millspaugh,  Topeka;  Sec- 
retary and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  P2dgar  Wright,  809  Vermoise  St., 
Leawrence. 


332  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


KENTUCKY. 

Organized  February,  1884.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diocesan  Convention.  President,  Mrs.  T.  U.  Dudley,  716 
Third  Ave.,  Louisville;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  C.  F.  Johnson,  928 
Second  St.,  Louisville;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  Thos.  W. 
Bullitt.  1207  Second  St.,  Louisville;  Recording  Secretary,  Miss 
Sally  T.  Booth,  171 1  First  St.,  Louisville;  Treasurer,  Miss  Fannie 
C.  Anderson,   1057  Third  Ave.,  Louisville. 

LONG   ISLAND. 

Organized  November,  1872.  Annual  meeting,  second  Thurs- 
day in  May;  i  p.  m.,  St.  Ann's  Chapel  Brooklyn.  Anniversary, 
second  Thursday  in  November,  St.  Ann's  Church,  Brooklyn. 
President,  Mrs.  Samuel  Cox,  Garden  City,  New  York;  Vice- 
President,  Mrs.  C.  F.  Willard,  251  Tompkins  Ave.,  Brooklyn; 
Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  E.  Langstaff,  19  Seventh  Ave.,  Brooklyn; 
Treasurer,  Mrs.  James  W.  Cromwell,  29  Brevoort  Place,  Brook- 
lyn. 

LOUISIANA. 

Organized  December,  1886.  Annual  meeting,  time  and 
place  of  Diocesan  Convention.  Semi-annual,  St.  Andrew's  Day. 
President,  Mrs.  T.  G.  Richardson,  282  Prytania  St.,  New  Orleans; 
Vice-President,  Mrs.  J.  P.  Hornor,  171  Esplanade  St.,  New 
Orleans;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  Wm.  G.  Coyle,  1427 
St.  Mary's  St.,  New  Orleans;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  F.  N. 
Ogden,  Pleasant  St.,  New  Orleans;  Treasurer,  Miss  M.  E. 
Rountree,  809  Josephine  St.,  New  Orleans.  Junior  Department: 
President,  Miss  Cora  R.  Pritchard,  1347  Coliseum  Place,  New 
Orleans;  Vice-President,  Miss  C.  Charles,  1539  Fourth  St.,  New 
Orleans;  Secretary,  Mrs.  Geo.  F.  Wharton,  1238  St.  Andrew  St., 
New  Orleans;  Recording  Secretary,  Miss  Josephine  Hornor,  171 
Esplanade  St.,  New  Orleans;  Treasurer,  Miss  Caro  Girault,  1674 
Peter's  Ave.,  Now    Orleans. 

MAINE. 

Organized  January,  1879.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diocesan  Convention.  President.  Mrs.  H.  A.  Neely,  143 
State  St.,  Portland;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  C.  T.  Ogden,  Wood- 
ford's; Secretary,  Miss  H.  S.  McCobb,  104  Park  St.,  Portland; 
Treasurer,  Miss  E.  H.  Smith,  105  State  St.,  Portland;  Advisory 
Committee:  Mrs.  John  M.  Glidden,  Newcastle;  Mrs.  S.  W. 
Musscy,  92  Park  Place.  Portland;  Mrs.  P.  M.  Blake,  27  Broad- 
way, Bangor;  Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Mrs.  Clar- 
ence H.  Corning,  645  Congress  St.,  Portland;  Altar  Society, 
Miss  Edith  Anderson,  206  State  St.,  Portland.  Junior  Depart- 
ment: President,  Miss  S.  Louise  Shelton,  Rockland;  Secretary, 
Miss  E.  C.  Snow,  361  Danforth  St.,  Portland;  Treasurer,  Miss 
A.  V.  Tobey,  6  North  Chestnut  St.,  Augusta. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  333 

MARYLAND. 

Organized  1876.  Annual  meeting,  day  before  Diocesan 
Convention  in  May.  Semi-annual,  November.  President,  Mrs. 
A.  L.  Sioussat,  Lake  Roland,  Baltimore  Co.;  Vice-Presidents: 
Mrs.  Hugh  H.  Lee,  The  Shirley,  Baltimore;  Mrs.  Jackson  Piper, 
Towson;  Mrs.  Beverley  Randolph,  Frostberg;  Mrs.  William  F. 
Gardner,  Dorsey;  Secretaries:  Miss  Rebecca  D.  Davis,  137 
W.  Lanvale  St.,  Baltimore;  Miss  M.  R.  Snovvden,  19 17  Eutavv 
Place,  Baltimore;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  John  Thompson  Mason,  807 
Fremont  Ave.,  Baltimore;  President  Indian  Aid,  Mrs.  George 
C.  Currie,  1014  St.  Paul  St.,  Baltimore;  Church  Periodical  Club 
Correspondent,  Mrs.  Jones,  26  Franklin  St.  S.  E.,  Baltimore; 
Babies'  Branch:  Secretary,  Miss  Susie  Appold,  904  Calvert  St., 
Baltimore. 

DISTRICT    OF    COLUMBIA. 

Organized  April,  1880.  Opening  meeting,  first  Tuesday  in 
November.  Closing  meeting,  second  Tuesday  in  May.  Presi- 
dent, Miss  Wilkes,  8 [4  Conneticut  Ave.,  Washington;  Vice- 
Presidents:  Mrs.  Heth,  191 1  I  St.,  N.  W.,  Washington;  Miss 
Buck,  Soldiers'  Home,  Washington;  Secretary,  Miss  L.  McLeod, 
829  Twenty-second  St.,  N.  W.,  Washington;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  A. 
Williams,  232  N.  Capitol  St.,  Washington. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Organized  November,  1877.  Annual  meeting,  third  Wednes- 
day in  October;  time  and  place  fixed  by  officers  and  Standing 
Committee.  President,  Mrs.  S.  V.  R.  Thayer,  191  Beacon  St., 
Boston;  Secretary,  Miss  J.  S.  Ball,  12  Brimmer  St.,  Boston; 
Treasurer,  Miss  S.  J.  Chase,  79  Newbury  St.,  Boston  ;  Vice- 
Presidents:  Berkshire  District,  Mrs.  W.  W.  Newton,  Pittsfield; 
Connecticut  Valley  District,  Mrs.  L.  S.  Brooks,  126  Chestnut 
St.,  Springfield;  South  Eastern  District,  Miss  Julia  W.  Rodman, 
106  Spring  St.,  New  Bedford  ;  Worcester  District,  Mrs.  H.  N. 
Bigelow,  Clinton.  Domestic  Committee:  Chairman,  Miss  A.  R. 
Loring,  i  Joy  St.,  Boston  ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  Reuben  Kidner,  16 
Brimmer  St.,  Boston  ;  Assistant  Secretary,  Miss  Helen  Turner, 
Falmouth  ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Joseph  W.  Woods,  2  Chestnut  St., 
Boston.  Indian  (organized  as  the  Dakota  League  in  1864,  re- 
organized December,  1872),  and  Freedman  Committee:  Chairman, 
Miss  Lucy  R.  Woods,  42  Newbury  St.,  Boston;  Secretary,  Mrs. 
J.  M.  Plubbard,  382  Marlboro  St.,  Boston;  Assistant  Secretary, 
Miss  J.  Mcintosh,  2859,  Washington  St.,  Roxbury  ;  Treasurer, 
Miss  H.  E.  Caryl,  82  Myrtle  St.,  Boston.  F'oreign  Committee 
(organized  November,  1874)  :  Chairman,  Mrs.  D.  C.  Scudder, 
250  Newbury  St.  Boston;  Secretary,  Mrs.  H.  O.  H  of  man,  6  Cedar 
Ave.,  Jamaica  Plain;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  E.  T.  Wilson,  118  Main 
St.,  Taunton;    Assistant  Treasurer,  Miss  S.  J.  Bradford,  the  Aus- 


334  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

terfield,  Boston.  Haitien  and  Mexican  Committee:  Chairman, 
Mrs.  Edward  Abbott,  ii  Dana  St.,  Cambridge;  Secretary,  Miss 
Florence  Dix,  49  St.  Stephen  St.,  Boston  ;  Treasurer,  Miss  E. 
R.  Storrow,  417  Beacon  St.,  Boston.  Altar  Society,  Miss  C.  V. 
Parker,  447  Marlborough  St.,  Boston.  Church  Periodical  Club 
Correspondent,  Miss  H.  C.  Gifford,  New  Bedford.  Auditor,  Mrs. 
A.  W.  Fiske,  2  Chestnut  St.,   Boston. 

MICHIGAN. 

Organized  18S0.  Annual  meeting,  day  before  Diocesan  Con- 
vention. President,  Miss  F.  E.  Adams,  545  Jefferson  Ave.,  De- 
troit ;  Vice-Presidents  :  Mrs.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  1 10  Fort  St.  W., 
Detroit;  Mrs.  T.  F.  Davies,  226  Fort  St.,  W.  Detroit;  Mrs.  J. 
S.  Minor,  33  Eliot  St.,  Detroit.  Recording  Secrerary  and  Treas- 
urer, Miss  F.  I.  Chandler,  37  Peterboro'  St.,  Detroit;  Domestic 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Delos  O.  Cole,  291  Park  St., 
Detroit;  P'oreign  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  W.  J.  Chittenden, 
134  Fort  St.  W..  Detroit;  Diocesan  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs. 
J.  G.  Johnson,  493  Woodward  Ave.,  Detroit;  President  of  Sur- 
plice Society,  Mrs.  J.  T.  Sterling,  344  lefferson  Ave.,  Detroit  ; 
Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Mrs.  D.  G.  Hellier,  Grass 
Lake.  Junior  Department:  President,  Mrs.  Richard  Macauley, 
61  Edmund  Place,  Detroit;  Vice-President,  Miss  Anna  H.  Davies, 
226  Fort  St.  W.,  Detroit  ;  Secretary,  Miss  Katherine  Baldwin, 
no  Fort  St.  W.,  Detroit;  Treasurer,  Miss  Euretta  Holmes,  116 
West  High  St.,  Detroit;  Musical  Director,  Miss  Frances  Sibley, 
410  Jefferson  Ave.,  Detroit;  Babies'  Branch,  Miss  Lillian  Arm- 
strong, 40  East  Montcalm  St.,  Detroit. 

MILWAUKEE. 

President,  Mrs.  A.  W.  Bartlett,  573  Maryland  Ave.,  Milwaukee, 
Wisconsin;  Vice-Presidents:  Madison  Convocation,  Mrs.  George 
Ravner,  Madison;  Lacrosse  Convocation,  Mrs.  Moore,  Menom- 
inee. Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  E.  A.  Wadhams.  187  Twenty- 
fifth  St.,  Milwaukee  ;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  Loyal  R. 
Durand,  678  F"ranklin  St.,  Milwaukee  ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  J.  S. 
Crandall,  405  Florida  St.,  Milwaukee.  Junior  Department:  Presi- 
dent, Mrs.  Warren  Hastings,  Cedar  St.,  Milwaukee;  Vice-Presi- 
dent, Miss  Knight,  356  Juneau  Ave.,  Milwaukee;  Treasurer,  Miss 
Mary  Dousman,  687  Marshall  St.,   Milwaukee. 

MINNESOTA. 

Organized  June,  1882.  Annual  meeting,  in  September  or 
October.  Semi-annual,  an  afternoon  during  Diocesan  Conven- 
tion, in  June.  President,  Mrs.  Charles  B.  Brunson,  543  Burr  St., 
St.  Paul;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Hector  Baxter,  406  S. 
Ninth  St.,  Minneapolis;  Missionary  Vice-President,  Miss  Sybil 
Carter,  Deaconess,  23  E.  Central  Ave.,  St.  Paul;   Vice-Presidents: 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  335 

Organized  June,  1891.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Convention.  President,  Mrs.  H.  M.  Thompson,  Jack- 
son; Corresponding  Secretary,  Miss  M.  P.  Eggleston,  Carrollton; 
Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Wright,  Meridian  ;  Treasurer, 
Miss  E.  W.   Fox,  402  Walnut  St.,  Vicksburg. 

MISSOURI. 

Organized  1881.  Annual  meeting,  day  after  Diocesan  Coa- 
vention,  the  Bishop  presiding.  President,  Mrs.  D.  S.  Tuttle, 
2727  Chestnut  St.,  St.  Louis  ;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  E.  C.  Sim- 
mons, 21  Westmoreland  Place,  St.  Louis;  Secretary,  Miss  Triplet, 
3847  Pine  St.,  St.  Louis;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  T.  Ewing  White,  4218 
Lindell  Ave.,  St.  Louis ;  Treasurer  for  the  United  Offering, 
Miss  Cousland,  4428  Delrnar  Ave.,  St.  Louis;  Custodian  of  Mite 
Boxes,  Mrs.  E.  C.  Simmons,  21  Westmoreland  Place,  St.  Louis; 
Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Miss  L.  B.  Allen,  Lafay- 
ette Park  Hotel,  St.  Louis. 

MONTANA. 

Organized  December,  1884.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Annual  Convocation.  President,  Mrs.  L.  R.  Brewer,  Helena; 
Vice-President,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Patterson,  Bozeman;  Secretar}-,  Mrs. 
S.  D.   Hooker,  Dillon;    Treasurer,  Mrs.  C.   H.   Moore,  Butte. 

NEBRASKA. 

Organized  May,  1886.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Convention.  President,  Mrs.  George  Worthington, 
Omaha;  First  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Philip  Potter,  Omaha  ;  Sec- 
retary, Mrs.  F.  B.  Tracy,  P.  O.  Box  256,  Omaha  ;  Treasurer, 
Mrs.  R.  R.   Ringwalt,  Omaha. 

NEVADA,  UTAH  AND  WESTERN  COLORADO. 

Utah,  organized  1884.  President,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Hadley,  969 
First  St.,  Salt  Lake  City  ;  Vice-Presidents  :  Mrs.  A.  B.  Sawyer, 
315  Progress  Building,  Salt  Lake  City;  Mrs.  Alex.  Milchele, 
Perkins  Addition,  Salt  Lake  City  ;  Miss  Florence  Adkins,  14 
Cane  St.,  Salt  Lake  City;  Mrs.  Foster,  Park  City;  Mrs.  Flem- 
ming,  Logan  ;  Mrs.  J.  H.  Young,  Plain  City  ;  Mrs.  Tucker, 
Pvureka.  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  N.  F.  Putnam,  131  S. 
Eighth   P>ast  St.,  Salt  Lake  City. 

Western  Colorado,  organized  1895.  Secretary,  Mrs.  Hiram 
BuUis,  Durango. 

NEWARK. 

Organized  November,  1875.  Annual  meeting,  in  the  spring; 
time  and  place  fixed  by  the  President  and  Secretary.  President, 
Mrs.  T.  A.  Starkey,  Arlington  Ave.,  East  Orange,  New  Jersey; 
Vice-President,  Mrs.  Decatur  M.  Sawyer,  Montclair;  Correspond- 
ing Secretary,  Miss  A.  Broome,  Prospect  St.,  ¥..  Orange;  Record- 


336  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Northern  Convocation,  Mrs.  Mary  K.  Mackall,  Moorhead  ; 
Southern  Convocation,  Mrs.  D.  M.  Baldwin,  Redwing  ;  Central 
Convocation,  Mrs.  Denis  Follett,  The  Aberdeen,  St.  Paul.  Man- 
agers: Mrs.  L.  D.  Frost,  Winona;  Mrs.  Wm.  Gardam,  Faribault. 
Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Mrs.  W.  E.  Jones,  loio 
Fourth  Ave.  S.,  Minneapolis.  Junior  Department  :  Secretary, 
Miss  A.  Gilman,  83  Virginia  Ave.,  St.  Paul. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

ing  Secretary,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Christian,  28  Prospect  St.,  E.  Orange; 
Treasurer,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Truslow,  Jr.,  Summit.  Directresses:  Do- 
mestic Missions,  Mrs.  J.  S.  MacKie,  The  Aldine,  Newark;  Indian 
Missions,  Miss  C.  L.  Boylan,  424  William  St.,  East  Orange  ; 
Freedman  Missions,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Palmer,  Summit;  Foreign  Mis- 
sions, Mrs.  Nathaniel  Niles,  Madison;  Mexican  Missions,  Mrs. 
F.  B.  Carter,  Montclair ;  Diocesan  Missions,  Mrs.  W.  G.  Far- 
rington,  New  England  Terrace,  Orange.  Church  Periodical 
Club  Correspondent,  Mrs.  H.  L  Booream,  16  Fulton  St.,  New- 
ark; Comfort  Club,  Mrs.  C.  V.  Reynal,  Montclair.  Junior  De- 
partment :  Directress,  Mrs.  F.  G.  Sigler,  38  Montclair  Ave., 
Montclair,  N.  J.  ;  2nd  Directress,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Browning,  Tenafly; 
Secretary,  Miss  S.  S.  Guinness,  16  Prospect  St.,  East  Orange  ; 
Treasurer.  Mrs.  E.  V.  Z.  Lane,  115  Harrison  St.,  East  Orange; 
Babies'  Branch,  Secretary,  Mrs.  F.  C.  Upton,  82  Sherman  Ave., 
Newark. 

NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

Organized  1879- 1880.  Annual  meeting,  last  Wednesday  in 
April,  about  a  fortnight  before  Diocesan  Convention,  in  order 
that  a  short  report  may  be  presented  to  that  body.  Secretary 
and  Treasurer,  Miss  Mary  F.  Duxbury,  179  Central  Ave.,  Dover  ; 
Executive  Board:  Mrs.  S.  G.  Griffin,  Keene;  Mrs.  J.  B.Good- 
rich, Claremont;    Mrs.  W.  W.  P^lint,  St.  Paul's  School,  Concord. 

NEW   JERSEY. 

Organized  January,  1876.  Annual  meeting,  last  Wednesday 
in  April.  President,  Mrs.  S.  A.  Clark,  641  Pearl  St.,  Elizabeth; 
Vice-Presidents:  Domestic  Missions,  Mrs.  S.  A.  Clark  ;  Indian 
Missions,  Mrs.  Thomas  Roberts,  Riverton  ;  P^reedman  Missions, 
Mrs.  Charles  M.  Steward,  Burlington;  Foreign  Missions,  Mrs. 
Thomas  R.  White,  Jr.,  1209  Fairmont  Ave.,  Elizabeth;  Mexican 
Missions,  Mrs.  Robert  Clarkson,  Beverly  ;  Diocesan  Missions, 
Mrs.  C.  E.  Ryder,  615  East  Front  St.,  Plainfield  ;  Missionary 
Literature  Bureau,  Mrs.  F.  S.  Conover,  Princeton.  Secretary  and 
Treasurer,  Miss  Isabel  Tweedy,  125  Crescent  Ave.,  Plainfield. 
Corresponding  Secretaries:  Upper  Division,  Mrs.  Charles  J.  Tag- 
gart,  12  Sycamore  Ave.,  North  Plainfield;  Lower  Division,  Mrs. 
Mrs.  E.  C.  Grise,  Riverton.  Librarians:  Miss  L.  E.  Catlin,  446 
Jefferson  Ave.,  Elizabeth;    Mrs.  Benjamin  Franklin,  Shrewsbury; 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  337 

Miss  U.  A.  Kelley,  Burlington.  Junior  Department:  Directress, 
Mrs.  Benj.  Williamson,  Elizabeth;   Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Miss 

E.  N.   Messinger,  49  Paterson  St.,  New  Brunswick. 

NEW    MEXICO    AND    ARIZONA. 

New  Mexico  organized  April,  1884.  Secretary,  Mrs.  Ellen 
S.  Palen,  Santa  Fe. 

Arizona  organized  1889.  Secretar}-,  Mrs.  E.  W.  Mean}% 
Prescott. 

NEW    YORK. 

Annual  meeting,  the  day  after  Ash  Wednesday,  the  Bishop 
presiding.  Domestic  Committee  (organized  November,  1874, 
from  the  Ladies'  Domestic  Missionary  Relief  Association,  formed 
in  November,  1868)  :  President,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Curtis,  9  E.  Fifty 
fourth  St.  ;  Vice-Presidents,  Mrs.  W.  G.  Boulton,  30  Fifth  Ave.  ; 
Mrs.  F.  Delafield,  12  W.  Thirty-second  St.  ;  Miss  A.  H.  Laight, 
33  Park  Ave.;  Secretary,  Miss  E.  D.  Taylor,  35  W.  Ninth  St.; 
Treasurer,  Mrs.  George  D.  Bleything,  1008  Madison  Ave.;  Church 
Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Miss  A.  H.  Laight,  33  Park  Ave. 
Niobrara  League  (organized  November,  1872):  President,  Mrs. 
George  Cabot  Ward,  in  E.  Twenty-ninth  St.  ;  V^ice-Presidents: 
Mrs.  Seth  Low,  30  E.  Sixty -fourth  St.;  Mrs.  G.  T.  Adee,  39 
W.  Forty-eighth  St.;  Mrs.  G.  R.  Preston,  180  W.  Fifty -ninth 
St.;  Mrs.  J.  M.  Lawton,  37  P^ifth  Ave.;  Secretary,  Miss  H.  D.  Nel- 
son, 35  E.  Twenty-ninth  St.;  Treasurer,  Miss  P.  C.  Swords,  62 
W.  Thirty-sixth  St.  St.  Augustine's  League  (organized  April, 
1890):  President,  Mrs.  L.  L.  White,  5  E.  Sixty-sixth  St;  Vice- 
Presidents:  Mrs.  Theodore  Kane  Gibbs,  62  W.  Twenty-first  St.; 
Mrs.  F.  Delafield,  12  W.  Thirty-second  St.;  Secretary,  Mrs.  B. 
W.  Strong,  822  Lexington  Ave.  ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Edward  Pat- 
terson, 19  E.  Fort}^- fifth  St.  Foreign  Committee  (organized 
October,  1874):  President,  Miss  C.  Jay,  155  W'.  Fifty-eighth  St.; 
Vice-Presidents:  Mrs.  J.  A.  Scrymser,  107  E.  Twenty-first  St.;   Miss 

F.  Schuyler,  Pelham;  Mrs.  W^  Bayard  Cutting,  372  Fifth  Ave.; 
Miss  M.  V.  S.  Winthrop,  170  W.  Fifty-ninth  St.;  Mrs.  Wm.  F. 
Cochran,  5  E.  Forty-fifth  St.;  Mrs.  R.  M.  Hoe,  11  E.  Seventy- 
first  St.;  Mrs.  W.  H.  Brown,  iii  E.  Sixteenth  St.;  Mrs.  H.  F. 
Kean,  87  Park  Ave.;  Assistant  Treasurer,  Miss  Henrietta  Schwab, 
Morris  Heights. 

NORTH    CAROLINA. 

Organized  May,  1882.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Convention.  Secretary,  Mrs.  John  Wilkes,  508  West 
Trade  St.,  Charlotte;  Assistant  Secretaries:  Convocation  of  Char- 
lotte, Mrs.  O.  M.  Royster,  Hickory;  Convocation  of  Salisbury, 
Miss  Agnes  Hairston,  Fort  Church,  Davis  Co.;  Convocation  of 
Tarboro,  Mrs.  Thos.  N.  Hill,  Halifax;  Convocation  of  Ashcville, 
Miss   F.   L.    Patton,    Ashevillc  ;    Church    Periodical  Club  Corre- 


338  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

spondcnt,  Miss  Rebecca  Cameron,  Hillsboro.  Junior  Depart- 
ment: Advisory  Committee,  Chairman,  Miss  M.  E.  Horner, 
Oxford  ;  Mrs.  Walter  J.  Smith,  Scotland  Neck;  Mrs.  H.  H.  I. 
Handy,  Winston  ;  Mrs.  A.  B.  Hunter,  St.  Augustine's  School, 
Raleigh  ;  Miss  Kate  McKinnon,  St.  Mary's  School,  Raleigh  ; 
Miss  Emma  J.   Hall,  915  N.  Tyron  St.,  Charlotte. 

NORTHERN    CALIFORNIA. 

Organized  April,  1892.  Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  T.  Shurtliff,  Santa 
Rosa,  Cal. 

NORTH  DAKOTA. 

Organized  June,  1890.  President,  Mrs.  P.  Clapp,  P'argo;  Sec- 
retary, Mrs.   H.   R.   Lyon,  Mandan. 

NORTHERN    TEXAS. 

Organized  August,  1883.  President,  Mrs.  L.  G.  Wallace, 
274  Park  St.,  Dallas;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Richard  Morgan,  Jr., 
Dallas;    Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  S.  Thatcher,  Dallas. 

OHIO. 

Organized  1875.  President,  Mrs.  F.  H.  Roalt,  114  W.  Main 
St.,  Norwalk;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  L.  Lascelles,  269  Washing- 
ton St.,  Cleveland ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Miss  Fannie  G. 
Spencer,  318  Market  St.,  Sandusky. 

OLYMPIA. 

Organized  September,  1881.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Annual  Convocation.  President,  Mrs.  John  Leary,  Madison 
St.,  between  Second  and  Third,  Seattle,  Wash.  ;  Secretary,  Miss 
E.  H.  Maynard,  807  North  I  St.,  Tacoma  ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  W. 
O.  Farr,  206  Tenth  St.,  Seattle  ;  Managers  :  Mrs.  G.  H.  Watson, 
Trinity  Rectory,  Seattle;  Mrs.  J.  Kellogg,  2034  Third  St.,  Seattle; 
Mrs.  P.  G.  Hyland,  Ballard;  Mrs.  F.  B.  Lippincott,  Mt.  Vernon; 
Mrs.  P'red.  Fontaine,  Hamilton;  Mrs  H.  L.  Badger,  Anacortes  ; 
Mrs.  C.  I.  Taylor,  Olympia  ;  Mrs.  D.  C.  Millett,  Chehalis;  Miss 
B.  A.  Williams,  Vancouver;  Mrs.  J.  C.  Stallcup,  319  South  G 
St.,  Tacoma;  Mrs.  A.  P.  Prichard,  North  End,  Tacoma;  Mrs. 
Powell,  Larchmont,  Tacoma ;  Mrs.  H.  A.  Roff,  South  Bend, 
Tacoma ;  Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Mrs.  L.  W. 
Applegate,  710  N.  Fourth  St.,  Tacoma.  Junior  Department  : 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs,  Samuel  Sutton,  329  Warren  St., 
Seattle. 

OREGON. 

Organized  January,  1882.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diocesan  Convention.  President,  Mrs.  A.  R.  Hill,  Portland; 
Vice-President,  Miss  E.  Lewis,  Portland  ;  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer, Mrs.  J.  W.  Sellwood,  Bishop  Scott  Academy,  Portland. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  339 

OKLAHOMA. 

Organized   1894.     Secretary,   Mrs.   F. -K.  Brooke,  Guthrie. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Annual  meeting,  third  Tuesday  in  November,  all  day  ;  and 
two  afternoon  meetings,  one  during  Epiphany  and  one  in  Lent, 
the  Bishop  presiding  in  all.  Executive  Committee:  Chairman, 
Mrs.  O.  VV.  Whitaker,  4027  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia;  Secretary, 
Miss  Mary  Coles,  2111  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia;  Assistant  Sec- 
retary, Mrs.  John  Markoe,  226  S.  Twenty-first  St.,  Philadelphia; 
Treasurer,  Mrs.  George  C.  Thomas,  301  South  Twenty-first  St., 
Philadelphia.  Domestic  Committee  (organized  November,  1874, 
from  the  Ladies'  Domestic  Missionary  Relief  Association,  formed 
in  November,  1868):  President,  Mrs.  Thos.  Neilson,  325  South 
Twelfth  St.,  Philadelphia  ;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Edw.  Shippen, 
2039  Pine  St.,  Philadelphia  ;  Secretary,  Miss  M.  A.  L.  Neilson, 
325  S.  Twelfth  St.,  Philadelphia;  Treasurer,  Miss  L.  G.  Davis, 
21 1 1  DeLancy  Place,  Philadelphia.  Indian  Hope  Association 
(organized  November,  1868)  :  President,  Mrs.  William  Welsh, 
Frankford;  Vice-Presidents:  Mrs.  John  Markoe,  226  S.  Twenty- 
first  St.,  Philadelphia;  Miss  J.  W.  Hornor,  3716  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  N.  DuBois  Miller,  Wis- 
sahickon  Ave.,  Germantown  ;  Treasurer,  Miss  McVickar,  1904 
Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia;  Assistant  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Wm.  Grant, 
2202  St,  James'  Place,  Philadelphia.  Freedman  Committee  (or- 
ganized 1875-76)  :  President,  Mrs.  G.  Woolsey  Hodge,  334  S. 
Thirteenth  St.,  Philadelphia;  Vice-President,  Miss  E.  W.  Steven- 
son, 249  S.  Thirteenth  St.,  Philadelphia;  Corresponding  Secretary, 
Mrs.  James  M.  Arrison,  1723  Arch  St.,  Philadelphia;  Recording 
Secretary,  Miss  V.  F.  Campbell,  1629  Spruce  St.,  Philadelphia; 
Treasurer,  Miss  E.  W.  Biddle,  122  S.  Twenty-second  St.,  Phila- 
delphia. Foreign  Committee  (organized  1874)  :  President,  Mrs. 
T.  S.  Rumney,  Wayne  and  Harrison  Sts.,  Germantown  ;  Vice- 
President,  Mrs.  Thos.  Neilson,  325  S.  Twelfth  St.,  Philadelphia; 
Secretary,  Miss  E.  H.  Watson,  126  S.  Eighteenth  St.,  Philadel- 
phia; Treasurer,  Mrs.  J.  Lightfoot,  5935  Green  St.  Germantown; 
Assistant  Treasurer,  Miss  Jennie  Riegel,  Wayne  and  Harvey 
Sts.,  Germantown.  Junior  Department :  President,  Mrs.  O.  W. 
Whitaker,  4027  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia  ;  Secretary,  Miss  Anna 
Ashhurst,  2000  DeLancy  Place,  Philadelphia;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  A. 
J.  D.  Dixon,  412  S.  Twenty-second  St.,  Philadelphia;  Treasurer 
for  Advent  and  Lenten  Offerings,  Mrs.  Orlando  Crease,  1347 
Spring  Garden  St.,   Philadelphia. 

PITTSBURG. 

Organized  January,  1881.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diocesan  Convention;  also  a  Semi-annual  meeting.  President, 
Mrs.  Ormsby    Phillips,  344    Ridge  Ave.,  Allegheny,   Pa.  ;    Vice- 


340  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Presidents:  Mrs.  Cortlandt  Whitehead,  4868  Ellsworth  Avenue, 
Pittsburg;  Miss  A.  B.  Howe,  Fifth  Ave.,  Pittsburg;  Northern 
Convocation,  Mrs.  C.  W.  Mackey,  1138  Elk  St.,  Franklin.  Cor- 
responding Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  S.  Rogers,  East  End  Hotel,  Pitts- 
burg ;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  M.  A.  Tschudi,  Lilac  Street, 
Shady  Side,  Pittsburg  ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  J.  O.  Slemmons,  6730 
Simens  Ave.,  East  End,  Pittsburg;  Church  Periodical  Club  Cor- 
respondent, Mrs.  H.  M.  Doubleday,  201  Collart  Square,  Oakland. 
Junior  Department:  President,  Miss  D.  Benson,  12  Ridge  Ave., 
Allegheny. 

OUINCY. 

Organized  September,  1887.  President,  Mrs.  V.  H.  Webb, 
220  South  A  St.,  Monmouth,  111.  ;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  G.  F. 
Peck,  444  North  Chambers  St.,  Galesburg,  111.  ;  Secretary  and 
Treasurer,  Mrs.  Chas.  E.  Chandler,  313  N.  Madison  Avenue, 
Peoria,  111. 

RHODE    ISLAND. 

Organized  February,  1878.  Annual  meeting,  first  Thursday 
in  October;  time  and  place  fixed  by  the  President  and  Secretay. 
President,  Mrs.  William  Ames,  I2i  Power  St.,  Providence.  Vice- 
Presidents:  Miss  A.  V.  Buffum,  88  South  Main  St.,  Providence; 
Mrs.  C.  T.  Dorrance,  98  Waterman  St.,  Providence;  Miss  A.  B. 
Manchester,  Bristol ;  Mrs.  E.  H.  Porter,  Newport ;  Miss  Eliza 
A.  Peckham,  27  Cushing  St.,  Providence  ;  Miss  J.  M.  Clarke,  38 
Williams  Street,  Providence  ;  Honorary  Secretary,  Miss  N.  A. 
Greene,  355  Wepbosset  St.,  Providence  ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  George 
J.  Arnold,  P.  O.  Box  56,  Providence  ;  Treasurer,  Miss  E.  E. 
Andrews,  12  Green  St.,  Providence  ;  Executive  Committee:  Do- 
mestic Missions,  Mrs.  Daniel  Henshaw,  73  Brown  St.,  Providence; 
Indian  Missions  (Providence  Indian  Aid,  organized  April,  1873), 
Mrs.  S.  M.  S.  Crouch,  102  George  St.,  Providence  ;  Freedman 
Missions,  Miss  A.  A.  Bridge,  272  Benefit  St.,  Providence  ;  P"or- 
eign  Missions,  Mrs.  Winslow  Upton,  391  Olney  St.,  Providence; 
Diocesan  Missions,  Miss  Candace  Allen,  i  Magee  St.,  Providence. 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

Organized  May,  1885.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Convention,  but  not  invariably.  When  the  Conven- 
tion meets  where  there  are  no  parochial  branches,  the  Auxiliary 
remains  in  Charlestown  where  there  are  six.  President,  Mrs. 
Robert  Wilson,  79  Coming  St.,  Charleston;  Vice-Presidents: 
Miss  Anna  P.  Jervey,  6  Legare  St.,  Charleston;  Miss  K.  Hamp- 
ton, Columbia;  Miss  C.  D.  Dawson,  Greenville;  Corresponding 
Secretary,  Miss  Pinckney,  29  Legare  St.,  Charleston;  Recording 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Miss  S.  I.  Lowndes,  136  Broad  St., 
Charleston;  Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Miss  C.  D. 
Dawson,  Green\ilie. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  34  I 

SOUTH    DAKOTA. 

Organized  November,  1886.  Annual  meetings,  time  and 
place  of  Annual  Convocations.  Secretaries:  Niobrara  Dean- 
ery, Miss  J.  B.  Dickson,  Rosebud  Agency;  Eastern  Deanery, 
Miss  Mary  B.   Peabody,  All  Saints'  School,  Sioux  Falls. 

SOUTHERN    FLORIDA. 

Organized  1893.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of  Annual 
Convocation.  President,  Mrs.  E.  K.  Foster,  Sanford;  Vice- 
President,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Gray,  Orlando;  Secretary,  INIiss  H.  R. 
Parkhill,  Fort  Reed,  Orange  Co.;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  R.  T.  Patton, 
Sanford;  Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Mrs.  J.  S. 
Arnold,  Glen  Ethel.  Junior  Department:  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Gray,  Orlando. 

SOUTHERN    OHIO. 

Organized  1876.  Annual  meeting,  da}^  before  Diocesan 
Convention.  Secretary,  Mrs.  Montgomery  Rochester,  Episcopal 
Rooms,    Cincinnati. 

SOUTHERN    VIRGINIA. 

Organized  1893.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of  Dio- 
cesan Convention.  Four  Prayer  Days:  Eves  of  Epiphany, 
Annunciation,  Transfiguration  and  St.  Andrew's.  Secretary, 
Miss  L.  L.  Taylor,  105  Granby  St.,  Norfolk,  Va.  Junior  De- 
partment: Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  J.  Lloyd,  704  Pearl  St.,  Lynchburg; 
Babies'  Branch:  Secretary,  Mrs.  T.  H.  Lacy;  1709  Grace  St., 
Lynchburg. 

SPOKANE. 

Organized  1893.  President,  Mrs.  W.  F.  Hubbard,  Walla 
Walla,  Washington;  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Kountz,  Walla  Walla; 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,   Miss  Glass,  Lidgerwcod,  Spokane. 

SPRINGFIELD. 

Organized  1882.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of  Dio- 
cesan Convention.  President,  Mrs.  Geo.  F.  Seymour,  Spring- 
field, Illinois;  Vice-Presidents:  Mrs.  D.  W.  Dresser,  Champaign; 
Mrs.  J.  B.  Harrison,  CaroUton;  Mrs.  M.  W.  Goodwin,  Decatur; 
Mrs.  E.  J.  PL  Tomlin,  Jacksonville;  Secretary  and  Treasurer, 
Mrs.  H.  H.  Candee,  314  Washington  Ave.,  Cairo.  Junior  De- 
partment: Secretary,  Mrs.  John  Chandler  White,  Springfield, 
Illinois. 

TENNESSEE. 

Organized  January,  1888.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place 
of  Diocesan  Convention.  President,  Mrs.  John  Shortridge,  i 
Howard  Row,   Memphis;    Vice-President,  Ah-s.  C.  E.  Richmond, 


342  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

557  Oak  St.,  Chattanooga;   Secretary,  Mrs.  Luke  W.  Finlay,  207 
St.  Paul  St.,  Memphis;   Treasurer,  Mrs.  F.  H.  Dobree,  Pulaski. 

TEXAS. 

Organized  June,  i88g.  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Mrs.  R.  L. 
Brown,  2001   University  Ave.,  Austin,  Texas. 

THE    PLATTE. 

Organized  April,  1S92.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Annual  Convocation.  President,  Mrs.  M.  A.  Hartigan,  Hastings, 
Nebraska;    Secretary,  Miss  A.  C.  Kramph,  North    Platte. 

VERMONT. 

Organized  1879.  Annual  meeting,  in  the  autumn.  Meeting 
of  Diocesan  officers  at  the  time  and  place  of  Diocesan  Con- 
vention. President,  Mrs.  L.  M.  Gray,  912  Maple  St.,  Burlington; 
Vice-Presidents:  Mrs.  L.  G.  Kingsley,  Rutland;  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
S.  Allen,  Woodstock;  Managers:  Montpelier  District,  Mrs. 
John  Reeve,  Island  Pond;  Mrs.  L.  P.  Gleason.  Montpelier, 
Windsor  District,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Paul,  Woodstock;  Mrs.  Thomp- 
son, Bellows  Falls;  St.  Albans  District,  Mrs.  Herbert  Dean; 
East  Berkshire,  Mrs.  I.  S.  Bostwick,  St.  Albans;  Burlington 
District,  Mrs.  Fuller,  Milton;  Mrs.  S.  W.  Hindes,  Vergennes; 
Rutland  District,  Mrs.  C.  M.  Niles,  Rutland;  Mrs.  George 
Woodcock,  Manchester  Center;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs. 
Charles  E.  Allen,  142  University  Place,  Burlington;  Recording 
Secretary,  Mrs.  Edison  P.  Gilson,  Rutland;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  E. 
L.  Wyman,  Manchester  Center;  Auditor,  Miss  Mary  Arthur, 
Burlington.  Junior  Department:  Secretary,  Mrs.  Thos.  H. 
Canfield,   146  William  St.,  Burlington. 

VIRGINIA. 

Organized  June,  1890.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Diocesan  Convention.  Four  Prayer  Days:  Eves  of  Epiphany, 
Annunciation,  Transfiguration  and  St.  Andrew's.  President  and 
Secretary,  Miss  S.  Stuart,  719  King  St.,  Alexandria;  Church 
Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Miss  Annie  Blankenship,  117 
S.  Third  St.,  Richmond.  Junior  Department:  Mrs.  Robert 
W.  Barton,  Winchester.  Babies'  Branch:  Mrs.  Grace  H.  Shields, 
1812  E.  Grace  St.,  Richmond. 

WESTERN    MICHIGAN. 

Organized  1880.  Annual  meeting,  Wednesday  before  the 
last  Sunday  in  May,  a  week  before  Diocesan  Convention. 
President,  Mrs.  William  G.  Austin,  218  W.  Cedar  St.,  Kalamazoo; 
Vice-President,    Mrs.    George   Willard,   Battle  Creek;    Secretary 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  343 

and  Treasurer,    Mrs.   A.  U.   Noble,   511   Village  St.,   Kalamazoo; 
Recording  Secretary,  Miss  Cora  H.  Wilkes,  Allegan. 

WESTERN    NEW    YORK. 

Organized  June,  1881.  Annual  meeting,  last  Wednesday 
and  Thursday  in  September.  President,  Mrs.  Wm.  L.  Halsey, 
339  S.  Ave.,  Rochester;  Vice-Presidents:  Mrs.  C.  C.  Wyckoff, 
482  Delaware  Ave.,  Buffalo;  Mrs.  Charles  Adsit,  Center  St., 
Hornellsville;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  Lloyd  Windsor, 
Hornellsville;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  W.  E.  Plumber,  Jr., 
1372  Niagara  St.,  Buffalo;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Dwight  S.  Chamber- 
lain, Lyons.  Junior  Department,  Committee:  Secretary, 
Mrs.  L.  F.  Folsom,  Geneseo;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  J.  N.  Potter,  177 
Dearborn  St.,  Buffalo;  Mrs.  Butler  Crittendon,  34  Emerson  St., 
Rochester;  Miss  Cornelia  Irving,  5  Park  Place,  Geneva.  Babies' 
Branch:      Miss  M.  E.  Hart,  90  Plymouth  Ave.,  Rochester. 

WEST    MISSOURI. 

Organized  June,  1890.  President,  Mrs.  E.  R.  Atwill,  1709 
Linwood  Ave.,  Kansas  City,  Missouri;  Vice-Presidents:  Mrs. 
H.  H.  Harding,  Carthage;  Mrs.  L.  E.  Tracy,  Chillicothe;  Mrs. 
M.  M.  Moore,  Springfield;  Mrs.  J.  M.  Byler,  Sedalia;  Corre- 
sponding Secretary,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Crow,  1334  Oak  Ave.,  Kansas 
City;  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  L.  F.  Shepard,  3127  Campbell 
St.,  Kansas  City;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  H.  C  Sprague,  Hotel  Bruns- 
wick, Kansas  City;  Custodian  of  Mite  Boxes,  Miss  E.  A. 
Roscoe,  324  Highland  Ave.,  Kansas    City. 

WESTERN    TEXAS. 

Organized  June,  1892.  Annual  meeting,  time  and  place  of 
Annual  Convocation.  Secretary,  Mrs.  John  G.  Mulholland,  604 
Solidad  St.,  San  Antonia. 

WEST    VIRGINIA. 

Organized  June  10,  1890.  President,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Small,  617 
Murdoch  Ave.,  Parkersburg;  Vice-Presidents:  Valley  Convo- 
cation, Miss  M.  G.  McSherry,  Martinsburg;  Kanawha  Convo- 
cation, Mrs.  Ely  Ensign,  Huntington;  North  W'estern  Convoca- 
tian,  Miss  Gertrude  Lamb,  2009  Chapline  St.,  Wheeling; 
Church  Periodical  Club  Correspondent,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Smith,  Jr., 
Parkersburg;  Altar  Society,  Mrs.  George  Lounsbery,  547  Ouarrin 
St.,  Charleston. 

WYOMING    AND    IDAHO. 

Organized  June,  1884.  Annual  meeting,  in  May.  President, 
Mrs.  Ethelbert  Talbot.  Laramie,  Wyoming;  Vice-President,  Mrs. 
Ridenbaugh,  Boise  City,  Idaho;  Secretary,  Miss  A.  H.  Talbot, 
Laramie,  XVyoming;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Cornelia  Mills,  Cheyenne, 
Wyoming. 


344  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

CHINA. 

Organized  May,  1893.  Secretary,  Miss  Dodson,  St.  John's 
College,  Shanghai. 

JAPAN. 

Organized  June,  1S93.  Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Francis,  Tokyo; 
Assistant  Secretaries:  Mrs.  Komiya,  St.  Margaret's  School 
Tokyo;    Mrs.  Kashiuchi,  St.  Barnabas'  Hospital,  Osaka. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEES. 
ON    SYSTEMATIC    GIVING. 


Mrs.  Clark,  New  Jersey;  Mrs.  Neely,  Maine;  Mrs.  Ames, 
Rhode  Island;  Mrs.  Neilson,  Penn.;  Mrs.  Soussiat,  Maryland; 
Miss  Adams,  Michigan;  Mrs.  Truslow,  Newark;  Mrs.  Millspaugh, 
Kansas;    Miss  Parkhill,  Southern  Florida. 


ON    PUBLICATIONS. 


Mrs.  Giraud,  Connecticut;  Mrs.  Tuttle,  Missouri;  Mrs.  Boalt, 
Ohio;  Miss  Hart,  Western  N.  Y.;  Mrs.  Worthington  Neb.;  Mrs. 
Baxter,  Minnesota;  Miss  Laight,  New  York;  Miss  Maynard, 
Olympia;    Mrs.   Merill,  Albany. 

ON    MISSIONARY    WORKERS. 

Miss  Loring,  Mass.;  Miss  C.  Jay,  New  York;  Mrs.  Lawyer, 
California;  Mrs.  Cox,  Long  Island;  Miss  Stuart,  Virginia;  Mrs. 
Whitaker,  Penn.;  Mrs.  Boulton,  New  York;  Mrs.  Lyman,  Chi- 
cago;   Mrs.   Lloyd,  Southern    Virginia. 

ON    THE    JUNIOR    AUXILIARY. 

Mrs.  Rochester,  S.  Ohio;  Miss  Jarvis,  Connecticut;  Miss  Stahl, 
Chicago;  Miss  Watson.  Cent.  N.  Y.;  Mrs.  Hooker,  Montana; 
Miss  Horner,  N.  Carolina;  Miss  Gillman,  Minnesota;  Miss  M. 
B.   Peabody,  South  Dakota. 

The  magnificent  results  of  the  work  done  in  the  Woman's 
Auxiliary  are  not  to  be  judged  by  the  splendid  offering  given 
at  its  triennial  meeting  alone,  for  that  is  a  small  part  of  what 
the  Auxiliary  does.  This  is  an  extra  gift  added  to  its  other 
deeds  of  love.  In  1872,  after  long  and  careful  enquiry  made 
by  some  of  the  best  men  and  women  the  Church  in  that  day 
had  in  her  communion,  the  Auxiliary  was  started,  and  into  its 
ranks  have  been  gathered  workers  in  every  Diocese  and  Juris- 
diction in  the  land, —  united  in  one  organization,  with  one  pur- 
pose, and  all  working  for  the  accomplishment  of  one  glorious 
end.       Prior    to    the  year    named,    there    were    at   work  women 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  345 

who  loved  the  Church  ;  they  were  separated  in  Dioceses,  as 
Connecticut,  New  York,  Maryland  and  Massachusetts.  It  was 
seen  and  known  that  a  larger  service  could  be  done  in  the 
extension  of  the  Kingdom  of  Christ  if  the  women  of  the  Church 
could  have  recognition,  organization,  and  unity.  Amongst  those 
who  had  given  prayerful  thought  to  the  whole  subject  of  wom- 
an's work  in  the  Church  were  men  like  Bishops  A.  N.  Littlejohn, 
H.  W.  Lee,  H.  C.  Potter,  Rev.  Drs.  J.  W.  Claxton,  John  F. 
Spalding,  Messrs.  Geo.  N.  Titus  and  Wm.  Welsh.  Few  more 
important  reports  have  ever  been  presented  to  a  General  Con- 
vention than  that  the  above  named  gentlemen  presented  in  i8gi. 
This  report  is  a  gem,  and  the  more  it  is  examined,  the  more 
is  its  wisdom  seen.  It  is  true  that  the  report  dealt  largely  with 
"Deaconesses,"  but  its  wisdom  appears  in  these  words: 

"  (c)  It  only  remains  to  your  committee  to  recommend, 
before  closing,  some  more  definite  form  of  organization  for  that 
still  remaining,  and  not  yet  utilized,  capability  for  missionary 
usefulness  residing  in  the  large  class  of  women  who,  because 
of  their  domestic  relations,  or  for  other  reasons,  cannot  ordin- 
arily be  included  in  any  scheme  for  parochial  or  Diocesan 
Sisterhoods  or  Associations  of  Deaconesses.  One  such  form 
has  already  been  found  and  most  happily  tested  in  the  Ladies' 
Domestic  Relief  Association,  whose  branches  exist  in  parishes 
scattered  all  over  the  land.  There  are  Bishops  and  presbyters 
from  Maine  to  the  Gulf,  and  from  the  Alleghenies  to  the 
Pacific,  who  can  bear  testimony  to  the  wise,  and  tender,  and 
blessed  ministries  of  this  modest  auxiliary  to  the  Church's 
missionary  work.  Above  all,  there  are  missionary  homes  all 
over  this  broad  land,  to  which  its  loving  and  discriminating 
benefactions  have  gone,  that  bless  God  with  grateful  hearts, 
and  a  courage  more  steadfast  than  ever,  for  its  practical  assur- 
ance of  the  Church's  far-reaching  and  living  sympath}'. 

"The  Committee  would  earnestly  recommend  that  the  Do- 
mestic and  Foreign  Committees  be  authorized,  if  necessary,  to 
enlarge  the  powers  and  the  functions  of  this  well  tried  and 
most  successful  agency  for  organizing  and  utilizing  the  indi- 
vidual efforts  of  women,  by  providing  that  it  shall  be  erected 
into  a  Ladies'  (or  Woman's)  Auxiliary  Missionary  Society,  with 
branches,  as  far  as  possible,  in  every  parish  in  the  land,  gov- 
erned by  simple  rules,  in  harmony  with  the  Constitution  of 
this  Board,  and  having  for  its  aims, — 

"  (a)  The  increase  of  its  funds. 

"  {d)  The  circulation  of  missionary  publications. 

"(r)  The  education  of  missionaries. 


346  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

"(d)  The  making,  collecting  and  distributing  of  articles  of 
clothing  for  missionaries  and  their  families. 

"(^.)      The  education  of  missionaries'  children. 

"This  Ladies'  (or  Woman's)  Auxiliary  Society  to  have  at 
its  headquarters  a  Central  Committee,  and  a  special  depart- 
ment in  the  Spirit  of  Missions;  the  Society  to  hold  annual 
meetings,  where  its  branches  may  be  represented  by  delegates 
only  chosen;  the  Central  Committee  to  have  to  undertake  any 
special  work,  such  as  that,  e.  g.,  among  the  Indians,  and  to 
control  its  own  funds,  and  the  committee  also  to  have  the  right 
to  nominate  missionaries  directly  to  the  Foreign  Committee, 
and,  through  the  Bishops,  to  the  Domestic  Committee.  Your 
committee  would  also  recommend  that  membership  in  the 
Ladies'  (or  Woman's)  Auxiliary  Society  shall  be  recorded  in 
New  York,  and  that  certificates  of  membership  shall  be  issued 
"on  the  payment  (say)  of   one  dollar." 

This  report  led  to  discussion  and  action.  The  Board  of  Mis- 
sions gave  power  to  its  secretaries  to  confer  with  the  women 
of  the  Church,  with  a  view  to  forming  an  Auxiliary  to  the  Board. 
The  work  was  entered  upon  with  great  enthusiasm;  all  Rectors 
were  asked  to  name  one  woman  in  their  parish,  to  act  as  sec- 
retary, and  the  progress  made  may  be  seen  when  it  is  said  that 
in  the  year  1872-3,  the  cash  gifts  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary 
were  ;?20,OOO.oo,  in  1882-3  they  had  risen  to  §52,820.73.  The 
value  of  boxes  of  clothing  and  useful  things  sent  to  missionary 
workers  in  1882,  was  over  $86,000,  and  the  same  }'ear  these 
noble  women  sent  to  Indians  and  to  the  poor  freed  men  in  the 
South,  boxes  worth  nearly  $27,000.  Now  the  Auxiliary  gives 
over  $1,000,000  every  three  years  to  Church  work,  in  one  form 
or  another;  the  money  given  is  not  even  the  main  part  of  the 
good  they  do;  in  keeping  up  correspondence  with  those  who 
are  in  the  'mission  field,  they  spread  information  of  all  kinds 
respecting  work  in  the  Church,  and  they  make  glad  the  hearts 
of  those  who  preach  Christ,  in  out-of-the-way  places;  they  help 
most  effectively  in  the  lines  where  the  help  of  wise  women  can 
do  the  most  good.  '  How  many  wives  of  Clergymen  have  been 
cheered  and  divinely  blessed  by  the  deeds  of  the  women  of 
the  Auxiliary,  can  never  be  known;  but  it  is  certain  that  they 
have  made  it  possible  for  the  wives  of  the  clergy  to  keep  up 
respectable  appearances,  for  their  children  to  be  suitably  clad, 
and  thus  to  more  nearly  represent  Christ,  and  His  Church  in 
the  world,  than  they  otherwise  could  have  done.      As  a  means 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  347 

of  spreading  missionary  knowledge  and  for  the  diffusion  of 
taste,  both  in  religion  and  in  dress,  as  an  example  of  consecra- 
tion to  the  work  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  de- 
serves a  very  high  place  in  the  esteem  of  the  Church. 

The  value  of  the  service  done  by  the  Auxiliary  and  by  those 
who  are  helped  by  it  testified  to  in  many  ways  by  many  who 
are  not  Church  people.  The  great  express  companies  as  the 
Great  Northern,  the  Northern  Pacific,  the  Adams,  the  United 
States,  the  American  and  Southern  Express  and  others,  deserve 
mention  for  their  kindness  in  sending  every  year  large  numbers 
of  packages  and  boxes  free  of  charge  from  branches  of  the 
Auxiliary  to  the  Clergy  and  others. 

In  all  this  it  must  not  be  looked  upon  as  partaking  of 
charity;  it  does  not.  It  is  a  banding  together  for  a  common 
purpose  to  hold  up  the  hands  of  those  whom  God  has  called 
upon  to  be  His  standard  bearers.  In  connection  with  the 
work  of  the  Auxiliary,  no  record  could  be  complete  which  did 
not  contain  the  names  of  the  Rev.  A.  T.  Twing,  W.  H.  Hare, 
now  Bishop  of  South  Dakota,  and  B.  I.  Haight.  Mrs.  Twing, 
who  is  Honorary  Secretar}^  has  given  to  all  the  interests  of 
the  Auxiliary  a  loving  study  and  devoted  attention,  which  are 
known  wherever  woman's  work  in  the  American  Church  is 
known.  The  service  of  Miss  Julia  C.  Emery,  as  secretary,  has 
had  in  it  a  wealth  of  devotion,  and  an  absolute  consecration 
which  has  made  all  labor  seem  light  and  which  has  been  a 
large  factor  in  making  the  Auxiliary  the  power  it  is.  The 
clergymen  engaged  in  mission  work  from  Alaska  to  China,  and 
from  the  Atlantic  Ocean  to  the  Golden  Gate,  know  of  the  kind 
and  efficient  work  of  Miss  Emery.  All  this  could  not  have 
made  the  Auxiliary  what  it  is,  if  it  had  not  been  for  the  en- 
thusiastic love  of  missionary  work,  which  is  found  in  the  souls 
of  the  women  of  the  American  Church;  a  love  which  is  not 
the  exclusive  possession  of  any  part  of  the  Church,  or  of  those 
in  any  one  walk  of  life.  Women  like  the  late  Mrs.  Carrington, 
of  Rhode  Island;  Mrs.  J.  J.  Astor,  of  New  York,  and  a  host 
of  others  in  high  social  position;  women  who  had  to  earn  their 
living  in  the  factories  of  Lowell  and  Lynn,  in  Massachusetts; 
women  who  had  to  work  for  hire  in  all  kinds  of  toil,  falsely- 
called  menial,  for  there  is  no  menial  toil  that  is  useful  and 
honest,    have    all    loved    this    Auxiliary    work    with    tender   and 


348  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

sacred  love.  It  is  very  safe  to  predict,  without  claim  inspir- 
ation as  a  prophet,  that  what  has  been  done  in  the  Auxiliary 
is  small  indeed  in  comparison  of  what  will  be  done  in  coming 
years.  It  would  have  been  a  delight  to  the  writer,  to  place 
the  photographs  of  the  leaders  in  the  Auxiliary  in  this  book; 
but,  having  asked  eight  of  its  ladies,  and  each  and  all  saying: 
"Thank  you,  very  much,  you  are  very  kind,  but  we  prefer  that 
our  photographs  do  not  appear  in  your  history,"  or  words  to 
that  effect;  I  had  to  rest  content  with  saying,  what  appeared 
wise,  about  the  work  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  to  the  Board 
of  Missions,  and  thus  acknowledge  with  gratitude  many  obli- 
gations for  kindness  shown  in  years  gone  by.  May  the  angel 
of  the  covenant  bless  all  its  labors,  and  reward  all  its  noble 
works. 

REPORT   OF    THE    CUSTODIAN    OF    THE    STANDARD 
BOOK  OF  COMMON  PR  A  YER. 

To  the  General  Convention  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the 
United  States  of  America,  to  be  holden  on  the  first  Wednesday 
in  October,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  iSgj: 

The  Custodian  of  the  Standard  Book  of  Common  Prayer 
begs  leave  to  present  his  report. 

Immediately  on  the  passage  of  the  resolution  adopting  a 
standard  text  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  and  the  adoption 
of  the  amended  Canon  with  reference  to  the  same,  I  obtained 
from  the  Committee  on  the  Standard  advance  copies  of  the 
sheets  from  the  type  prepared  for  the  Standard,  and  furnished 
them  to  all  publishers  who  desired  them.  At  the  same  time  I 
made  appointment  of  persons  suitably  recommended,  giving  them 
authority  to  compare  editions  that  should  be  prepared  with 
certified  copies  of  the  Standard,  that  I  might,  on  their  report, 
issue  the  certificate  required  by  Canon.  The  care  exercised 
by  the  persons  thus  appointed  and  by  the  skilled  readers  in  the 
several  printing  houses  brought  to  light  certain  slips  and  errors 
in  the  type  which  had  been  prepared  ;  and  by  the  courtesy  of 
the  publishers,  who  were  anxious  to  have  their  work  in  every  way 
perfect,  I  received  prompt  notification  of  these.  This  made  it 
possible  to  supply  the  Church  at  a  very  early  day  with  books 
conforming  to  the  new  Standard,  in  which  but  trifling  inaccuracies 
or  inconsistencies  could  be  detected  ;  and  to  provide  very  soon 
large  editions  in  which,  though  there  may  be  one  or  two 
inconsistencies  of  editing,  it  is  believed  that  there  are  no  typo- 
grapiiical  inaccuracies  whatever.     Great  thanks  are  due  to  those 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  349 

who,  in  various  ways,  with  unfailing  consideration  and  courtesy, 
contributed  to  bring  about  such  gratifying  results.  And  herein 
acknowledgement  should  be  made,  not  only  of  communications 
from  publishers,  and  others  having  official  connection  with 
editions  of  the  Prayer  Book,  but  also  of  letters  from  numerous 
correspondents  in  different  parts  of  the  country. 

The  copies  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  printed  directly 
from  the  type  prepared  for  the  Standard,  under  the  resolution 
of  the  Convention,  did  not  require  an  official  certificate  from 
me  as  Custodian.  No  others,  it  is  believed,  have  been  made  or 
published  without  a  certificate  as  required.  The  requirements 
as  to  uniformity  in  paging  and  in  other  matters  of  typographical 
arrangement  have  been  carefully  observed;  the  plates  have  been 
almost  always,  if  not  in  every  case,  made  from  new  type;  and  the 
books  have  presented  a  very  attractive  appearance.  The  require- 
ment as  to  uniformity  in  paging,  it  will  be  remembered,  does 
"not  extend  to  editions  smaller  than  those  known  as  24mo"; 
but  a  recognition  of  the  value  of  such  uniformity  has  led  to  its 
adoption  in  smaller  books.  The  first  plates  prepared  in  this 
country,  from  which  a  great  number  of  copies  have  been  printed, 
were  of  the  size  called  "imperial  32mo  "  ;  and  in  these,  though 
a  line-for-line  uniformity  was  not  attained,  yet  all  the  purposes  of 
uniform  paging  were  secured,  every  paragraph  and  every  prayer, 
and  every  verse  of  each  canticle  or  psalm  beginning  on  the 
same  page  as  in  the  Standard,  so  that  reference  could  be 
made  without  danger  of  confusion.  All  editions  larger  than 
32mo.,  and  the  32mos.  of  two  of  the  large  English  printing 
houses,  have  been  printed  with  absolute  conformity  to  the 
Standard,  line  for  line,  producing  a  fac-simile  effect,  though 
different  type  has  been  used.  In  the  48mos.  and  the  i28mos. 
no  attempts  at  uniformity  was  expected  or  made. 

The  permanent  appointments  made  under  Sec.  5  of  the 
Canon  (subject,  however,  to  revocation  by  myself  or  my  successor 
in  office)  have  been  of  one  person  in  the  city  of  New  York, 
one  of  the  Queen's  printers  in  London,  one  of  the  Oxford 
University  Press,  and  one  of  the  Cambridge  University  Press.  I 
have  also  appointed  to  compare  special  editions  with  the  Standard, 
three  persons  at  different  times  in  Philadelphia,  and  one  person 
in  Chicago  ;  and  an  appointment  has  been  made  for  an  edition 
of  part  of  the  Prayer  Book  to  be  published  in  Boston.  Mem- 
oranda of  these  appointments,  and  certificates  from  those 
appointed  as  to  each  edition  prepared  for  the  press,  are  on  file 
in  my  office.  The  editions  published  include  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer  in  8vo.,  i2mo.,  24mo.,  32mo.,  and  48mo.,  the 
book  omitting  Calendar  and  Occasional  Services  and  Articles  in 
[28mo.,  the  Order  for  the  Holy  Communion  with  Epistles  and 
Gospels  in  8vo.,  the  Litany  with  Occasional  Prayers  and  Thanks- 
givings in  8vo.,  and    the    Ordinal    with    accompanying    services 


350  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

(lart^e  type)  in  i2mo.  It  may  be  added  that  editions  have  been 
printed  in  i2mo.  and  in  24mo.  with  the  rubrics  in  red.  The  whole 
number  of  copies  of  the  Prayer  Book  thus  far  printed  from  the 
new  Standard  has  been  about  one  million  one  hundred  thousand. 

The  Standard  Prayer  Kook  itself,  duly  authenticated  as  pro- 
vided by  Canon  and  enclosed  in  a  carved  ebony  box,  was  de- 
livered to  me  in  September,   1895. 

The  Canon  in  Sec.  3,  provides  for  the  correction  of  any 
"typographical  inaccuracy"  that  may  be  found  in  the  Standard; 
and  if  would  probably  be  the  duty  of  the  custodian  to  report 
any  such  inaccuracy  that  might  come  to  his  notice.  The 
Standard  Book  has  been  in  my  possession  for  so  short  a  time 
that  I  have  not  been  able  to  examine  it  carefully;  but  I  am 
confident,  as  was  said  above,  that  the  copies  now  printed  as  in 
uniformity  with  the  Standard  are  absolutely  free  from  typo- 
graphical inaccuracy.  There  is  a  slip  of  editing  on  page  262, 
in  the  first  line,  where  for  "Minister"  we  should  read  "Question;" 
this  can  doubtless  be  corrected  by  a  resolution  of  the  General 
Convention,  unless  it  be  thought  better  to  wait  until  the  Stand- 
ard can  be  examined  for  possible  slips  in  printing. 

The  places  of  the  Golden  Numbers  prefixed  to  several  days 
in  the  calendar  for  March  and  April,  will  need  to  be  changed 
(see  pages  xxv  and  xxviii  of  the  Prayer  Book)  on  the  first 
day  of  January,  in  the  year  1900;  and  a  resolution  providing 
for  this  change,  which  may  be  finally  adopted  in  1898,  is  ap- 
pended to  this  report.  Further  changes  in  the  place  of  the 
Golden  Numbers  will  not  be  required  until  the  year  2200. 

At  my  request,  the  several  publishers  have  presented  to  me, 
for  my  official  library,  a  cop}'  of  each  of  the  editions  of  the 
Book  of  Common  praj-er  published  from  the  new  Standard. 
Beginning,  with  kind  encouragement,  to  make  a  "Custodian's 
Collection"  which  should  include  copies  of  all  the  Standard 
editions  of  the  Prayer  Book  and  of  such  others  as  might  throw 
special  light  on  the  Standards,  it  was  found  hard  to  draw  the 
line  between  editions  that  vyould  be  of  use  to  the  liturgiologist 
and  those  that  would  interest  only  the  bibliographer;  and  as 
this  has  appeared  to  be  a  good  opportunity  to  secure  old  edi- 
tions of  the  Prayer  Book,  1  have  been  collecting  copies  of  all 
editions  that  came  to  hand,  searching  especially  for  those  earlier 
than  Dr.  Coit's  Standard  of  1845,  and  for  those  printed  directly 
from  it.  The  result  has  been  the  securing  of  a  collection  of 
nearly  two  hundred  separate  editions  of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer.  Part  of  these  were  sent  in  reply  to  a  request,  accom- 
panying a  list  of  those  already  obtained,  which  was  published 
in  August  of  last  year;  and  thanks  for  gifts  to  the  Custodian's 
Collection  are  due  to  St.  Paul's  Church,  Newburvport,  Mass. 
(through  Rev.  W.  C.  Richardson);  Grace  Church,  Saybrook, 
Conn.;  St.  James'  Church,  West  Hartford,  Conn.;  Trinity  College 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  35  I 

Chapel,  Hartford,  Conn.;  Mrs.  Miranda  Anderson,  .Saybrook, 
Conn.;  Messrs.  D.  Applcton  &  Co.,  New  York;  Mrs.  X.  E.  Baylies, 
Taunton,  Mass.;  Mr.  James  S.  Biddlc,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Rev. 
Prof.  P^erguson,  Hartford,  Conn.;  Mr.  Henry  Hart,  Saybrook, 
Conn.;  Rev.  Joseph  Hooper,  Durham  Centre,  Conn.;  Mr.  Chas. 
A.  Home,  Dover,  N.  H.;  Miss  M.  B.  Johnston,  Washington,  D. 
C;  Mrs.  R.  S.  Ketchum,  Mystic,  Conn.;  Miss  Rozelle  Lloyd, 
Hartford,  Conn.;  Miss  Mary  Melicott,  Longmeadow,  Mass.; 
Mr.  S.  S.  Nash,  Tarboro,  N.  C;  Rev.  Dr.  G.  H.  Nicholls, 
Hoosac  P^alls,  N.  Y.;  Mrs.  C.  E.  Redfield,  Meriden,  Conn.;  Mr. 
John  H.  Sage,  Portland,  Conn.;  Miss  Katherine  Sherwood,  Hyde 
Park.  N.  Y.;  Rev  U.  H.  Spencer,  Ontario,  Cal.;  Mr.  William 
M.  Super,  Baltimore,  Md.;  Mr.  Thomas  Whittaker,  New  York; 
Messrs.  E.  and  J.  B.  Young  &  Co.,   New  York. 

For  the  greater  part  of  the  collection,  however,  thanks  are 
due  to  the  member  of  the  House  of  Deputies  under  whose 
encouragement  it  was  begun,  and  who  has  thus  added  to  the 
generous  services  that  he  has  rendered  to  the  Church  in  connec- 
tion of  the  publication  of  the  Standard  Book  of  Common  Prayer. 

A  catalogue  of  the  collection,  to  which  it  is  hoped  that 
valuable  additions  may  be  still  made,  is  given  as  an  appendix 
to  this  report. 

These  books,  with  the  copies  of  new  editions  already 
mentioned  and  other  books  and  papers  belonging  officially  to 
the  Custodian,  have  been  placed  in  the  room  assigned  to  the 
Custodian  in  the  Church  Mission  House,  New  York.  If  it  is 
necessary,  I  ask  authority  to  keep  these  documents  and  the 
Standard  Book  in  this  room,  which  has  a  fire-proof  vault. 

Besides  gifts  already  mentioned,  I  have  received  from  the 
Bishop  of  Western  New  York  the  subscription  paper  for 
meeting  the  expense  of  the  stereotype  plates  from  which  the 
General  Convention  Book  of  1844  and  the  Standard  of  1845 
were  printed;  from  the  Bishop  of  Michigan,  a  copy  of  the 
version  of  the  English  Prayer  Book  into  Greek,  made  by  Dr. 
James  Dupont,  Dean  of  Peterborough,  and  printed  in  1665; 
from  the  Re\'.  Dr.  W.  R.  Huntington,  a  beautiful  copy  of 
Ei^xoXoyiov  TO  /ueya,  sent  to  him  by  the  Archbishop  of  Athens 
by  the  hands  of  the  Archimandrite  in  New  York,  with  a  man- 
uscript inscription,  accompanying  the  Archbishop's  acknowledge- 
ment of  a  copy  of  our  new  Standard;  from  Mrs.  Francis  Harrison, 
of  Washington,  D.  C,  the  sheets  of  a  copy  of  the  "Altar 
Service,"  published  by  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Harrison;  and  from 
the  Rev.  P.  Voorhees  Finch,  of  Greenfield,  Mass.,  an  English 
Prayer  Book  of  1721,  with  Bible  of  1719  and  Metrical  Psalms 
of  1722.     All  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

Samuel  H.jirt, 
Custodian  of  the  Standard  Book  of  Common  Prayer. 

Oct.   I,   1895. 


:--2  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

RESOLUTION. 

Resolved,  The  House  of concurring,  that  the  follow- 
ing change  be  made  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  and  that 
the  proposed  alteration  be  made  known  to  the  several  Dioceses, 
in  order  that  the  same  may  be  adopted  in  the  next  General 
Convention: 

That,  on  the  first  day  of  January,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord, 
1900,  the  place  of  the  Golden  Numbers  prefixed  to  several 
days'  in  the  Calender,  between  the  twenty-first  day  of  March 
and  the  eighteenth  day  of  April,  both  inclusive,  be  changed, 
and  that  the  Golden  Numbers  be  prefixed  to  days  in  the 
Calendar  in  March  and  April  as  in  the  following  table: 


IN 

MARCH 

21 

14 

22 

0 

23 

24 

II 

25 

26 

19 

27 

cS 

28 

29 

16 

30 

5 

31 

IN  APRIL 

I 

13 

2 

0 

0 

:> 

4 

10 

5 

6 

18 

7 

7 

8 

9 

15 

10 

4 

1 1 

12 

12 

13 

I 

14 

15 

9 

[6 

17 

17 

6 

18 

and  that  in   the    fifth  line  of    page    xxv  the    figures  "1899"    be 
changed  to  "2199." 

NOTE. 

The  Convention,  having  adopted  the  resolution  appended  to 
the  above  report,  by  a  further  resolution  (see  Journal,  page 
208),  directed  the  Committee  to  have  fifty  copies  of  the  Book 
of  Common  Prayer  from  the  type  of  the  Standard  "duly  at- 
tested by  the  Committee  and  presiding  officers  and  the  secre- 
taries of  the  two  Houses  of  the  General  Convention  of  1892, 
and  deposit  the  same  with  the  custodian  of  the  Standard  Prayer 
Book  for  use  in  supplying  new  Dioceses  and  Missionary  Dis- 
tricts with  duly  certified  copies  of  the  Standard." 

The  Committee,  acting  under  the  authority  and  the  instruc- 
tion of  the  Convention,  has    adopted  the  following  resolutions: 


History  of  general  convention.  353 

Resolved,  That  in  \'irtue  of  the  vote  of  the  General  Conven- 
tion authorizing  the  Joint  Committee  to  make  such  disposal  of 
the  large  paper  copies  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  now 
remaining  in  its  hands,  as  shall  seem  best  to  it,  this  Committee 
entrusts  the  said  volumes  to  the  Custodian  of  the  Standard 
Book  of  Common  Prayer  to  be  kept  by  him  for  distribution  as 
follows: 

(i.)  Set  apart  fifty  copies  to  add  to  the  supply  already  in 
hand  for  distribution,  to  such  new  Dioceses  and  Missionary 
Districts  as  shall  hereafter  be  established. 

(2.)  Send  to  the  Rector,  Wardens,  and  V^estry  of  each 
Parish  Church  historically  associated  with  the  work  of  revision, 
to-wit:  The  Church  cf  the  Holy  Trinity,  New  York;  the 
Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  Philadelphia;  St.  James'  Church, 
Chicago;  St.  George's  Church,  New  York;  Emmanuel  Church, 
Baltimore;  Gethsemane  Church,  Minneapolis;  one  copy  to  be 
preserved  as  a  memento,  unless  said  churches  have  alread}' 
received  them. 

(3.)  Send  one  copy  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  P'redrick  Gibson,  in 
recognition  of  his  services  rendered  to  the  Committee. 

(4.)  Keep  in  store  all  the  remaining  copies,  to  be  gi\'en 
by  vote  of  the  General  Convention  from  time  to  time  to  such 
institutions  or  individuals  as  the  Custodian  of  the  Standard  Book 
of  Common  Prayer  shall  in  his  triennial  report  formally  recom- 
mend to  such   honour. 

Resolved,  That  the  Custodian  be  requested  to  have  prepared 
certificates  of  attestation,  with  the  signature  required  by  Canon, 
in  sufficient  number  for  insertion  in  all  the  copies  set  apart 
for  distribution  to  new  Dioceses  and  Missionary  Districts. 

Attest: 

Samuel    Hart, 
Secretary   of  the  Committee. 

[Here  follows  a  list  of  editions  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  in  the 
Cnstodian's  collection,  which  nimibers  202.] 


SUPPLEMENTAL  REPORT  OF  THE  JOINT  COMMITTEE 
ON  STANDARD  BOOK  OF  COMMON  PRAYER. 

At  the  General  Convention  of  1892,  this  committee,  acting 
under  the  terms  of  its  appointment,  submitted  a  full  report  on 
the  Standard,  accompanied  by  a  copy  of  the  Standard  of  1845, 
exhibiting  all  the  insertions  and  changes  of  every  kind  which 
were  described  or  explained  in  the  report,  and  also  by  a  copy 
of  the  whole  Book  of  Common  Prayer  printed  in  accordance 
with  the  said  report,  and  containing  the  changes  required  by  the 


Rev.  Wm.  R.  Huntington,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  355 

resolutions  of  amendment  or  alteration  which  had  been  finally 
adopted  by  that  Convention. 

The  text  submitted  by  this  committee  was  accepted  as  the 
correct  text  of  the  Common  Prayer  Book  of  this  Church  with 
the  Offices  and  Articles;  and  the  committee  were  "instructed  to 
cause  to  be  printed  on  vellum  a  corresponding  book,"  to  be 
"duly  authenticated"  and  "delivered  to  the  custodian  for  care- 
ful preservation,  according  to  the  provisions  of  the  Canon."  A 
further  resolution  authorized  the  committee  "to  print  from  the 
same  type  one  thousand  and  ten  copies  of  the  book,  and,  after 
reserving  so  many  as  shall  be  needful  for  distribution  among  the 
Dioceses  of  this  Church  and  the  members  of  this  Convention, 
to  do  with  the  remainder  as  they  shall  judge  best,  either  dis- 
posing of  them  to  subscribers,  or  presenting  them  in  the  name 
of  the  General  Convention  to  such  persons  and  to  such  insti- 
tutions, literary  and  ecclesiastical,  as  they  shall    think  proper." 

In  order  that  the  provisions  of  the  Canon  "on  the  Standard 
Book  of  Common  Prayer,"  adopted  by  the  Convention,  might 
be  carried  out,  and  that  the  Church  might  be  provided  with 
copies  of  the  Prayer  Book  after  the  new  Standard  at  as  early 
a  day  as  possible,  the  committee  supplied  advance  sheets  from 
the  type  prepared  for  the  Standard  to  the  custodian  for  the 
use  of  publishers.  To  the  skill  of  the  proof-readers  in  the 
several  offices,  the  vigilance  of  the  persons  appointed  by  the 
custodian  to  compare  the  text  of  the  several  editions  with  that 
of  the  Standard,  and  the  courtesy  of  the  publishers,  was  due 
the  detection  of  certain  slips  and  inaccuracies  in  the  plates  as 
at  first  prepared.  These,  as  being  divergencies  between  the 
description  of  the  text  given  in  the  report  and  the  type  set  to 
represent  the  text,  were  duly  corrected;  and  the  attention  of 
all  the  publishers  having  been  called  to  them,  uniform  accuracy 
was  attained  in  a  remarkably  short  time;  and  the  delay  in  the 
publication  of  the  more  elaborate  copies  printed  from  the  type 
of  the  Standard  enabled  them  to  be,  practically,  if  not  abso- 
lutely, free  from  typographical  errors. 

Of  the  copies  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  which  the 
committee  were  authorized  to  print  from  the  type  thus  pre- 
pared, five  hundred  were  printed  in  royal  octavo,  on  fine  paper, 
and  in  cloth  binding.  From  this  edition  a  copy  was  sent  to 
each  Bishop  of  this  Church,  and  to  each  Deputy  to  the  Con- 
vention of  1892. 

In  order  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  Section  3  of  the 
Canon,  a  sufficient  number  of  copies  were  printed  in  large  folio 
with  ruled  borders  on  hand-made  paper,  and  in  vellum  binding, 
richly  gilt,  one  of  which  was  sent  "to  the  P^cclesiastical  Au- 
thority of  each  Diocese  or  Jurisdiction  in  trust  for  the  use 
thereof,  and  for  reference    and    appeal    in    questions    as    to    the 


356  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

authorized  formularies  of  this  Church."  These  copies  were 
authenticated  by  autograph  signatures,  as  required  by  Canon. 
The  remaining  copies  of  the  number  authorized  by  the 
Convention  were  likewise  printed  in  large  folio  on  hand-made 
paper,  and  in  vellum  binding  (except  eleven,  which  were  on 
vellum  and  in  white  leather),  adorned  with  gilding,  and  with 
engraved  borders  to  the  pages.  Of  these,  a  part  were  offered 
to  subscribers,  and  a  copy  was  presented,  in  the  name  of  the 
Convention,  to  each  of  the  following  named  institutions  and 
individuals: 

Library  of  Lambeth  Palace,  London. 

Library  of  York  Cathedral. 

The  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford. 

Library  of  the  University  of  Cambridge,  England. 

Library  of  Fulham  Palace,  London. 

Library  of  the  Church  House,  Dean's  Yard,  Westminster,  Eng- 
land. 

Library  of  the  Archdiocese  of  Armagh,  Ireland. 

Library  of  the  Archdiocese  of  Dublin,  L'eland. 

The  P^piscopal  Chest  of  Scotland,  Edinburgh. 

Diocesan  Library  of  Montreal,  Canada. 

Library  of  the  Diocese  of  Quebec,  Canada. 

Library  of  the  Archdiocese  of  Calcutta,   India. 

The  Most  Rev.  the  Metropolitan  of  Canada,  Winnipeg,  Man- 
itoba. 

Library  of  the  Archdiocese  of  Cape  Town,  Africa. 

Library  of  the  Archdiocese  of  Sydney,  Australia. 

Library  of  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in 
Foreign  Parts,  London. 

Library  of  Congress,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Library  of  Columbia  College. 

Library  of  Trinity  College. 

Library  of  the  University  of   the  South. 

Librar\'  of  Kenyon  College. 

Library  of  Hobart  College. 

Library  of  the  General  Theological  Seminary,  New  York, 

Library  of  the  Theological  Seminary,  Alexandria,  Va. 

Library  of  the  Divinity  School  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  Philadelphia. 

Library  of  the  Berkeley  Divinity  School,  Middletown,  Conn. 

Library  of  the  Episcopal  Theological  School,  Cambridge, 
Mass. 

Library  of  the  Seabury  Divinity  School,   Faribault,  Minn. 

Library  of  Nashotah  House. 

Library  of  the  Western  Theological  Seminary,  Chicago,  111. 

Library  of  St.  Andrew's  Divinity  School,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

Library  of  St.  Stephen's  College,  Annandale,  N.  Y. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  3S7 

Library  of  the    New    York    Training    School    for    Deaconesses, 

New  York. 
Library  of  the  Church  Training  School  and    Deaconess    House 

of  the  Diocese  of  Pennsylvania,  Philadelphia. 
Library  of  the  Church  Missions  House,  New  York. 
Library  of  Harvard  University. 
Library  of  Yale   University. 
Library  of  Princeton  University. 
Library  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 
The  Boston  Public  Library. 
The  Astor  Library. 

The  Cathedral  Library,  All  Saints'  Cathedral,  Albany,   X.  Y. 
The  Peabody  Institute,   Baltimore,  Md. 
The  Rev.  Charles  L.  Hutchins,  D.  D. 
The  Rev.  Dr.  William  Tatlock,  Stamford,  Conn. 
*Daniel  Berkeley  Updike,   Esq.         *Bertram  G.  Goodhue,   Esq. 
*Theo.  L.  De  Vinne,   Esq.  *Joseph  E.   Hill,  Esq. 

*\Vm.  Wells  Bosworth,  Esq.  *Frank  E.   Hopkins,  Esq. 

Finalh',  the  Standard  Book  itself  has  been  printed  with 
great  care  on  vellum  of  folio  size,  the  borders  of  the  pages 
ruled  in  red,  and  bound  in  leather  ornamented  with  silver; 
and  the  volume,  duly  authenticated  and  enclosed  in  a  carved 
oaken  box,  has  been  delivered  to  the  Custodian  of  the  Stan- 
dard Book  of   Common  Prayer. 

The  committee,  understanding  that  there  are  persons  who 
wish  to  obtain  copies  of  the  Prayer  Book  from  the  Standard 
type  and  with  borders,  as  they  have  already  been  supplied  to 
subscribers  under  the  terms  of  the  resolution  of  1892,  ask  per- 
mission to  increase  the  number  of  copies  authorized  by  one 
hundred  and  ten;  and  for  this  purpose  they  recommend  the 
passage  of  the  appended  resolution. 

In  closing  their  report,  the    committee    desires  again  to    ac- 
knowledge   their   obligations    to    all    who    have  in  any  way  fur- 
thered their  work,  and  enabled    them  to  present  the  results    of 
their  labors  in  satisfactory  and   permanent  form. 
All  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

Wm.  Croswell  Do.\xe, 
Wm.  Stevens  Perry, 
Henry  Codman  Potter, 
Wm.  R.  Huxtinc.ton, 
S.\muel  Hart, 
J.  Steinfort  Kedney, 
J.  Pierpont  Morgan, 
Joseph  Packard, 
Samuel  P^liot. 


*Iii  recognition  of  professional  services  renilercd  during  the  preparation   of  tlic 
volume. 


Standard  Book  of  Common  Prayer. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  359 

Resolved,  That  the  Joint  Committee  on  the  Standard  Prayer 
Book  be  authorized  to  print  from  the  type  of  the  Standard  one 
hundred  and  ten  additional  copies  of  the  book,  and  to  dispose 
of  them  to  subscribers  or  otherwise. 

APPENDIX. 

Extract  from  a   paper   by  Mr.   Daniel   Berkeley  Updike,  on 
the  Decorations  of  the  Large-paper  Edition  of   the  Prayer 

Book    of    MDCCCXCII. 

*  *  *  "The  method  of  treatment  adopted  is  in  conformity 
with  the  typographical  requirements  of  the  volume;  and  in- 
cludes simply  treated,  flat,  decorative  borders  in  black  and 
white  of  about  thirty  trees,  flowers  and  plants,  chosen  generally 
with  reference  to  their  symbolism,  and  arranged  with  due  re- 
gard to  liturgical  requirements.  For  the  basis  of  this  scheme 
of  decoration  the  Bcjiedicite  omnia  opera  Domifd  Domino  was 
selected.  An  analysis  of  the  canticle  shows  that  its  verses  fall 
naturally  into  certain  divisions;  and  that  these  divisions  lend 
themselves  by  an  obvious  application  to  portions  of  the  Book 
of  Common  Prayer.  The  whole  scheme  of  decoration,  there- 
fore, is  based  on  the  Bencdicite  and  follows  out  the  train  of 
thought  suggested  by  this  hymn,  by  using  in  the  borders,  when 
possible,  plants  connected  by  some  association  of  ideas  with  the 
seasons  and  offices  of  the  Church,  and  by  introducing  verses  of 
the  Be?iediciie  at  certain  parts  of  the  book,  which  need  accen- 
tuation. 

"It  will  be  noticed  that  the  verses  in  the  borders  are  in 
Latin,  adopted  because  of  its  more  decorative  character  when 
printed,  and  that  they  may  not  be  considered  in  any  sense  a 
part  of  the  book  itself.  The  greater  part  of  the  mottoes  are 
from  the  Benedicite,  but  for  Holy  Baptism  and  Holy  Com- 
munion, for  the  five  chief  festivals,  and  in  one  or  two  other 
places,  they  have  been  taken  from  the  Prayer  Book  and  Bible. 
However  beautiful  and  fitting  lines  from  many  of  the  old  Latin 
hymns  may  seem,  these  have  been  purposely  avoided,  as  not 
likely  to  be  so  generally  familiar,  acceptable,  or  suitable  to  the 
spirit  of  our  own  Church  as  passages  from  the  authorized  form- 
ularies, or  from  the  Word  of  God. 

"Religious  symbolism  has  been  very  sparingly  employed 
because  in  a  sense  all  the  work  is  symbolic;  and  because  re- 
ligious symbolism  is  very  carelessly  and  irreverently  used  among 
us  at  the  present  day.  No  one  was  ever  more  religious  in 
feeling  and  work  than  were  the  craftsmen  of  the  middle  ages; 
but  they  were  religious  in  spirit  and  in  manner  rather  than  in 
design.  They  used  natural  forms,  but  in  a  reverent  and  care- 
ful way.  They  usually  restricted  themselves  to  foliage,  and 
did  not   carve    the    capitals  of    pillars    with    holy    symbols  and 


360  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

sacred  monograms.  A  cross  being  primarily  a  symbol  and  not 
an  ornament,'  cannot  be  used  carelessly  if  it  means  anything; 
and  if  it   mean  nothing,  there    is   no  end  gained   by  using  it  at 

all. 

"The  amount  of  decoration  has  also  been  governed  by  liturgi- 
cal considerations.  That  for  the  services  of  divine  institution 
is  finest,  the  Gospels  for  the  chief  festivals  are  next  in  richness, 
these  arc  followed  by  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer,  while  the 
remaining  offices  are  less  ornamented,  and  all  on  about  the 
same  plane.  The  Communion  and  Baptismal  Offices  begin 
with  wide  borders  with  black  backgrounds,  and  continue  with 
borders  in  outline  for  the  remainder  of  the  service,  the  words 
of  institution  being  marked,  in  both  cases,  by  the  introduction 
of  symbolic  decorations  and  verses  printed  in  a  decorative  form. 
The'  borders  of  the  pages  of  the  Lord's  Supper  are  from  designs 
of  grapes  and  grapevine;  those  for  Holy  Baptism  are  of  water- 
lilies,  in  allusion  to  the  elements  used  in  these  Sacraments;  the 
Baptism  of  Children  in  Houses,  and  the  Baptism  of  Adults  are 
also  decorated  with  narrow  borders  of  water-lilies.  The  first 
page  of  the  Gospels  is  ornamented  with  a  wide  border  of  great 
richness,  with  a  black  background,  and  our  Lord's  saying, 
'Heaven  and  earth  shall  pass  away,  but  my  words  shall  not 
pass  away,'  is  introduced  as  appropriate  to  the  opening  of  the 
Gospels,  and  to  Advent  Sunday,  on  which  they  begin. 

"The  five  festivals,  for  which  Proper  Prefaces  are  provided 
in  the  Communion  Office — Christmas,  Easter,  Ascension,  Whit- 
sunday and  Trinity — are  marked  by  wide  borders  in  outline, 
with  quotations  and  floriated  crosses  of  mediaeval  design.  For 
Christmas  I  have  chosen  the  box-tree  for  the  decorations  in 
allusion  to  a  verse  from  the  Prophet  Isaiah,  which  forms  part  of 
the  first  lesson  for  Christmas  Eve.  and  which  has  a  curious 
application  to  the  custom  of  dressing  churches  with  garlands 
at  Christmastide.  For  Easter,  lilies  are  the  flowers  choi^en; 
for  Ascension,  trumpet-vine;  for  Whitsunday,  columbine,  in  al- 
lusion to  the  Holy  Spirit;  and  at  Trinity,  the  clover,  or  trefoil. 

"h'rom  Advent  Sunday  to  Christmas  Day,  narrow  borders 
of  the  trumpet-vine  are  used,  symbolic  of  the  warning  voice  of 
the  Church  at  Advent,  and  of  the  Gospels,  continually.  From 
Christmas  to  l^piphany  the  box  is  used;  at  Epiphany  and  the 
Sundays  after  it  a  garland  of  myrrh,  roses,  and  daffodils — 
typical  of  the  Epiphany  offerings  of  gold,  frankincense  and 
myrrh;  at  Septuagesima,  the  Old  English  Lent  herb,  tansy; 
on  Ash  Wednesday,  hyssop;  continued  through  Lent  until  Pas- 
sion Sunday,  when  passion  flowers  are  used;  on  Palm  Sunday, 
palms  form  the  borders;  and  in  Holy  Week  passion  flowers  are 
used  until  Maundy  Thursday,  when  a  narrow  border  of  grapes 
is  substituted.  The  Ciospel  for  Good  Friday  is  alone,  of  all 
the   pages    of   the    book,    without    any    adornment,    plain   ruled 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  361 

lines  with  verses  from  the  Old  and  New  Testaments  marking 
the  day.  On  Easter  Even  Easter  lilies  are  used,  and  on  Easter 
Day  a  wide  border  of  the  same  flower,  which  continues  to 
Ascension.  For  Ascension  and  Whitsunday,  the  decorations 
have  already  been  mentioned;  and  the  Sundays  after  Trinity 
are  treated  as  Trinity  itself,  except  that  the  borders  are  narrow 
and  in  outline.  The  Saints'  Days  are  ornamented  with  palm 
branches  and  lilies.  The  Gospel  for  All  Saints'  Day  is  orna- 
mented with  a   border  of  divers  flowers  of  obvious  significance. 

"Morning  and  Evening  Prayer  open  with  rich  wide  borders 
with  black  backgrounds.  For  Morning  Prayer,  the  morning-glory 
is  used;  for  Evening  Prayer,  Canterbury-bells  form  the  border. 

"For  other  offices  which  are  named  at  random  the  appropriate 
decorations  are  as  follows: — for  Prayers  and  Thanksgivings  the 
olive,  typical  of  the  peace  and  plenty  asked  or  granted;  for 
the  Litany,  tansy;  for  Matrimony,  a  garland  of  roses  and  other 
flowers;  for  the  Psalter,  vines  in  leaf,  flower  and  fruit.  The 
borders  of  the  Calendars  are  made  to  typify  times  and  seasons, 
and  also  to  express  the  cold  of  winter,  the  showers  of  spring, 
the  heat  of  summer,  and  the  winds  of  autumn.  The  lines  from 
the  Bencdic  in  the  first  of  the  borders  surrounding  the  tables 
to  find  Piaster  Day,  etc.,  allude  to  the  falling  of  Easter  being 
governed  by  the  moon,  while  'light  and  darkness'  and  'nights 
and  days'  are  used  respectively  for  the  daily  morning  and 
evening  offices.  The  design  on  the  cover  carries  out  the  gen- 
eral scheme  of  the  book.  The  lining  paper — in  which  in  a 
literal  sense  I  have  made  'the  waste  places'  sing — is  composed 
of  English  roses  and  Scotch  thistles  with  scrolls  bearing  the 
words  Hosanna,  Alleluia — these  plants  being  chosen  in  allusion 
to  the  Scotch  and  P^nglish  origin  of  the  American  Episcopate. 
Without  attempting  a  wearisome  explanation  of  every  part  of 
the  symbolism,  it  will  be,  I  think,  evident  that  almost  all  the 
borders  have  some  special  significance.  It  has  been  my  en- 
deavor in  arranging  the  scheme  of  decoration  to  be  guided  by 
the  Prayer  Book  in  decorating  the  Prayer  Book— to  enrich 
where  it  enriched,  to  abstain  where  it  abstained,  and  to  make 
its  decoration  an  expression  of  itself. 

"It  is  almost  impossible  that  the  execution  of  any  work- 
should  wholly  fulfill  the  ideals  and  desires  of  him  who  plans  it 
or  those  who  carry  it  out;  and  if  no  one  can  be  so  fully  aware 
of  its  difficulties,  no  one  can  be  more  sensible  of  its  imperfec- 
tions than  m}'self.  It  is  hoped,  however,  that  the  general  spirit 
of  its  decorations,  as  suggested  by  the  motto,  Bencdicite  o}nnia 
opera,  will  appeal  to  Churchmen,  and  be  found  in  harmony 
with  that  offering  of  devotion  and  praise  which  the  Church,  in 
her  liturgy,  puts  before  us  as  most  justly  due  from  the  creature 
to  the  Creator,  not  for  our  own  edification,  but  as  our  divine 
service  to  Almighty  God." 


362  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

STATE  OF  THE  CHURCH. 

Report  ot  Committee  on  the  State  of  the  Church  (of  which 
Venerable  Archdeacon  Herman  C.  Duncan,  S.  T.  D.,  is  the 
Chairman,  a  place  of  honor  and  service  he  fills  with  conspicuous 
ability,)  showed  that  since  the  last  Convention  ten  Bishops 
have  gone  to  their,  reward,  and  that  in  the  three  years  last  past 
fourteen  Bishops  have  been  consecrated.  That  as  far  as  figures 
available  show  it,  the  facts  as  seen  from  a  numerical  and 
financial  standpoint  are: 

Number  of  the  Clergy  reported,  4,543,  of  whom  79  are 
Bishops,  4,022  Priests,  and  442  Deacons. 

Deacons  ordained 62 1 

Priests  ordained ....    15 1 1 

Candidates  for  Holy  Orders 567 

Postulants 263 

Lay  Readers i  ,865 

Baptisms 190,820 

Persons  confirmed 131 ,473 

Communicants   618,500 

Sunday-School  Officers  and  Teachers 45-513 

Pupils 422,451 

Pupils  in  Parish  Schools ii,54i 

Pupils  in  Industrial  Schools 6,980 

Parishes,  3,187;    Missions,  2,938;    Total,  6,125. 

Church  edifices,  whole  number 5-'  17 

fi'ee 3,483 

Sittings  in  churches i ,028,835 

Free  sittings  in  churches 569,420 

Churches  consecrated 305 

Rectories i  04 1 

Church  Hospitals 74 

Orphan  Asylums 48 

Homes 70 

Academic  Institutions 124 

Collegiate  Institutions 13 

Theological  Institutions 19 

Other  Institutions 128 

CONTRIBUTIONS. 

Parochial   Purposes $31 ,634,243.60 

Diocesan         "          3,907,444.25 

Missionary  Purposes  other  than  Diocesan...    ...  1,406.151.09 

Other  extra  Diocesan  Objects 678,1 17.68 

P^ducation  of  the  Ministry 88,'420.29 

Aged  and  I nfirm  Clergy 1 76^727.22 

Widows  and  Orphans  of  Clergymen i99!oo6.88 

Total  for  all  purposes 38,373i259.4i 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  363 

ENDOWMENTS. 

Episcopal   Funds $  2,355,610.46 

Support  of  Parishes 2,056,955.31 

Aged  and  Infirm  Clergy 799,944.28 

Widows  and  Orphans  of  Clergymen 775-631.35 

Hospitals  and  other  Institutions 8,537,335.70 

And  here  it  is  to  be  noted  that  these  statistics  embrace 
only  those  given  in  the  several  reports  from  the  Dioceses  and 
Missionary  Districts.  The  large  amounts  given  to  the  Board 
of  Missions  and  not  reported  to  the  Dioceses,  in  way  of  leg- 
acies and  otherwise,  to  other  Societies  and  Boards  of  a  like 
character  and  also  not  reported  to  the  Diocesan  authorities, 
together  with  the  very  considerable  endowments  of  such  Boards 
and  Societies,  as  well  as  those  of  our  Universities,  Seminaries, 
Colleges,  and  Schools  not  Diocesan,  are  not  included  in  these 
statements.  It  might  be  well  if  a  way  should  be  found  to 
gather  these  items  to  be  incorporated  in  future  statements. 

It  must  be  gratifying  to  Churchmen  to  know  that  there  are 
nearly  three  hundred  more  clergy  than  there  were  three  years 
ago,  and  67,571   more  communicants. 

Eighty  per  cent,  of  the  churches  are  free  and  open  to  all 
comers.  The  Church  owns  1,941  rectories,  an  increase  of  420 
in  three  years.  That  the  Church  has  been  looking  after  the 
things  which  help  men  in  a  very  solid  way  in  the  life  that  now  is 
is  seen  in  the  fact  that  the  homes  and  institutions  which  care 
for  the  needy,  the  aged,  the  poor  and  distressed,  grew  from  257 
to  320.  The  Committee  place  the  number  of  persons  who  are 
adherents  to  the  Church  at  3,092,500.  The  violations  of  Canon 
law  by  lay  readers  is  called  attention  to,  and  asks  that  the  law 
be  strictly  enforced.  The  question  of  divorce  came  up  for 
attention,  and  the  Committee  recommended  that  the  Canon  law 
of  the  Church  be  followed  perfectly,  as  the  times  demand  the 
enforcement  against  divorce  in  general. 

The  progress  of  Church  work  amongst  the  Swedes  is  reported 
upon  with  hopefulness  and  with  gratitude.  The  American  Church 
is  in  close  doctrinal  relationship  with  the  Swedish  National 
Church.  The  Lord's  Day  observance  is  called  attention  to  and 
its  sacredness  emphasized.  The  need  of  better  provision  for 
aged  and  infirm  clergy  and  a  pension  for  all  clergymen  who 
need  it,  after  a  specific  term  of  service,  is  very  tersely  placed 
before  the  Church.  Work  and  wages,  the  rights  of  emplo}'er 
and  employed,  uniformity  in  the  services  of  the  Church,  and  the 
subject  of  Deaconesses,  and  training  schools  for  them,  receives 
attention  and  encouragement.  Prayer  Book  distribution  is 
commended,  and  past  work  done  in  this  line  praised. 

Committees  and  Vestries  holding  trust  funds  and  securities 
arc  advised  to  publish  a  list  full  and  clear  respecting  the  same 
every  year. 


364  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  report,  as  a  whole,  is  comprehensive,  wise,  discriminating, 
able  and  devout,  as  was  to  be  expected  from  men  who  made 
and  approved  it.     Their  names  are  : 

COMMITTEE    ON    THE    STATE    OF   THE    CHURCH. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Duncan,  of  Louisiana;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Barnwell, 
of  Alabama;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Edmunds,  of  Albany;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Miller,  of  Arkansas;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Trew,  of  California;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Olmstead,  of  Central  New  York;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Powers,  of 
Central  Pcnnsvlvania;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Edwards,  of  Chicago;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Ncvvton,  of  Colorado;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Lines,  of  Con- 
necticut; the  Rev.  Mr.  Bartlett,  of  Delaware;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Harding,  of  East  Carolina;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Roberts,  of  Easton; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Shields,  of  Florida;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Dafter,  of  Fond 
du  Lac;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Reese,  of  Georgia;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Stanley, 
of  Indiana;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Green,  of  Iowa;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas, 
of  Kansas;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Ward,  of  Kentucky;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Breed,  of  Long  Island;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Moody,  of  Maine;  the 
Rev.  Dr.  McKim,  of  Maryland;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hodges,  of  Mas- 
sachusetts; the  Rev.  Mr.  McLean,  of  Michigan;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Jewell,  of  Milwaukee;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Nichols,  of  Minnesota;  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Morris,  of  Mississippi;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Green,  of  Mis- 
souri; the  Rev.  Mr.  Gardner,  of  Nebraska;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Water- 
man, of  New  Hampshire;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Glazebrook,  of  New 
Jersey;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman,  of  New  York;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Carter,  of  Newark;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Buxton,  of  North  Carolina; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Aves,  of  Ohio;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Short,  of  Oregon; 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Parks,  of  Pennsylvania;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Arundel,  of 
Pittsburg;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Jeffords,  of  Ouincy;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hen- 
shaw,  of  Rhode  Island;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Porter,  of  South  Carolina; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Gibson,  of  Southern  Ohio;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Meade, 
of  South  V^irginia;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Dresser,  of  Springfield;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Winchester,  of  Tennessee;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Beckwith,  of  Texas; 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Collins,  of  Vermont;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Carmichael,  of 
Virginia;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Talbot,  of  West  Missouri;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Roller,  of  West  Virginia;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Fair,  of  Western  Mich- 
igan; the  Rev.  Dr.  Lobdell,  of  Western  New  York;  the  Rev. 
Air.  Prout,  of  Montana;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rafter,  of  Wyoming;  the 
Rev.  Mv.  Massie,  of  Shanghai. —  Times  Report. 


REPORT  OF  THE  JOINT  COMMISSION  ON  ECCLESIAS- 
TICAL RELATIONS. 

The  Commission  on  P^cclesiastical  Relations  respectfully  re- 
ports: 

That,  so  soon  as  reappointed,  it  organized  by  choosing  as 
Chairman  the  Right  Reverend    Bishop  of   Western    New  York, 


Bishop  G.  Franklin  Seymour,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 
Bishop  of  Springfield. 


366  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

and  as  Secretary  the  Rev.  Fr.  A.  DeRosset,  and  that,  for  the 
more  efficient  carrying  on  of  the  work  entrusted  to  it,  the  fol- 
lowing sub-committees  were    appointed: 

1.  O/i  Oriental  CImrchcs:  The  Bishops  of  Long  Island  and 
Springfield;  the  Assistant  Bishop  of  Springfield;  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Hodges,  the  Rev.  Mr.  DeRosset;  Mr.  Nash. 

2.  On  the  Old  Catholics  of  Holla?id,  Germany,  Switzerland, 
and  Austria:  The  Bishops  of  Western  New  York,  Long  Island, 
Fond  du  Lac,  and  Michigan;  the  Rev.  Drs.  Vibbert,  Doty,  and 
Jewell;  Messrs.  Fish  and  King. 

3.  On  the  Old  Catholic  Churches  of  France,  Italy,  Spain,  and 
Portugal:  The  Bishops  of  Central  New  York,  Delaware,  and 
Fond  du  Lac;  the  Rev.  Drs.  Hoffman,  Langdon,  Nevin,  and 
Satterlee;  Messrs.  Jay,  Chauncey  and  C.  Vanderbilt. 

4.  On  the  Scandinavian  Churches:  The  Bishops  of  Spring- 
field and  Iowa;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Vibbert;  Messrs.  Gerry  and  Cope- 
land. 

5.  On  the  Moravian  Church:  The  Bishops  of  Iowa  and 
Delaware;  the  Assistant  Bishop  of  Springfield;  the  Rev.  Mr. 
DeRosset;  Mr.  Cutting. 

6.  On  Correspondence  with  Foreign  Chaplains :  The  Rev.  Mr. 
DeRosset. 

A  year  since,  in  consequence  of  political  difficulties,  of  the 
exact  nature  of  which  we  have  not  been  informed,  inasmuch  as 
the  Ekk\i}(S laariKi}  AXi)  dsia,  the  organ  of  the  Patriarch,  was 
only  allowed  to  allude  to  the  matter  in  the  most  guarded  way, 
Neophytus  viii,  whose  accessions  to  the  Patriarchal  throne  of 
Constantinople  we  mentioned  in  our  last  report,  found  it  neces- 
sary to  resign  his  post,  so  that  there  are  now  no  less  than  three 
ex-Patriarchs  of  Constantinople.  After  some  delay,  the  Metro- 
politan of  Leros  and  Kalymnos  was  chosen  to  succeed  him,  and, 
with  the  title  Anthimus  viii,  entered  upon  his  new  duties  F"eb- 
ruary  i,  1895.  He  is  said  to  be  a  man  of  learning,  eloquence, 
and  efficiency. 

Sophronius,  "Pope  and  Patriarch  of  the  great  City  Alexan- 
dria and  of  all  P^gypt,"  the  oldest  and  the  senior  Bishop  in  the 
world,  having  been  born  in  1798,  and  consecrated  in  1839,  cele- 
brated the  twenty-fifth  anniversary  of  his  accession  to  the  See 
he  now  occupies  the  past  summer.  When  Bishop  Blyth  visited, 
a  year  since,  "the  aged  and  friendly  Patriarch  of  St.  Mark's 
throne,  *  *  *  *  his  clear  eye,  quick  intelligence,  and  son- 
orous voice,  seemed  to  argue  that  the  dial  of  his  life's  record 
moves  backward." 

In  our  last,  we  mentioned  that  difficulties  had  arisen  in  con- 
nection with  the  election  of  the  then  new  Patriarch  of  Antioch, 
Spiridion.  It  seems  that  these  difficulties  arose  from  the  race 
feeling  between  the  Greek  and  Arab  Christians.  We  are  happy 
to  learn  that    tlic    Patriarch    has  shown    such  wisdom  and    tact. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  367 

that  peace  and  harmony  now  reign  throughout  his  Patriarchate. 

The  most  cordial  relations  continue  to  exist  between  the 
Patriarch  of  Jerusalem,  Gerasimus,  and  Bishop  Blyth,  the  repre- 
sentative of  the  Anglican  Communion  in  the  Holy  City. 

The  following  letter  has  been  received  from  the  Patriarch  of 
Antioch: 

Spiridion,  by  the  Mercy  of  God,  Patriarch   of   the    Great 

Divine  City  Antioch,  and  of  all   the  East. 
>^To  Frederick   A.    DeRosset,   Arclideacoji  of  Cah'o,  and  Secre- 
tary of  the  Com?mssio?i  on  Ecclesiastical  Relations,  of  the  General 
Convention   of  the   Americaii    Church,    we   bestow   on  yon    our 
Apostolic  Blessing,  i?i  Christ  ^csus  otir  Lord. 
We  have   safely   received,   Venerable   Sir,  your  letter  of  the 
I4th-26th  of  last  June,  and  the  Journal  of  the  General  Conven- 
tion of  the  American  Church,  which  you  sent  to  us  with  it,  to- 
gether with    the    report    of    the    Commission    on    Ecclesiastical 
Relations,  of  which  you  are  the  secretary. 

Thanking  you  for  all  these,  in  this  our  letter  of  response, 
we  earnestly  pray  the  Lord  that  he  will  keep  you  in  good 
health,  and  send  down  upon  you  His  heavenly  grace  and  bles- 
sing. 

isbTHE  Patriarch  of  Antioch,  Spiridion. 
Damascus,  July  28,  1895. 

Unofficial  letters  have  also  been  received  by  our  late  Secre- 
tary, Bishop  Hale,  from  the  Patriarch  of  Alexandria,  whose 
handwriting  is  as  firm  now  as  it  was  when  the  Bishop  received 
the  first  letter  from  him  so  many  years  since  that  the  Patriarch 
speaks  of  him  as  an  old  correspondent  of  his;  from  the  Patri- 
arch of  Antioch,  who  "prays  the  Triune  God  that  He  would 
enlighten  all  with  the  light  of  His  Divine  wisdom  and  knowl- 
edge, and  that  He  would  hear  our  unceasing  prayers  and  inter- 
cessions for  the  good  estate  of  the  Holy  Churches  of  God,  and 
for  the  union  of  all;"  and  from  the  large-hearted  Nicodemus, 
late  Patriarch  of  Jerusalem. 

This  prelate,  since  his  retirement  from  the  Patriarchate,  on 
account  of  broken  health,  has  been  living  in  retirement  at  a 
small  monastery  on  the  Island  of  Halki,  in  the  Sea  of  Marmora, 
near  Constantinople.  Last  year  this  monastery  was  overthrown 
by  an  earthquake.  The  good  Nicodemus,  more  fortunate  than 
some,  escaped  with  his  life,  and  has  been  living  in  temporary 
quarters  until  the  monastery  is  rebuilt.  In  these,  he  writes  in 
a  recent  letter: 

"I  live  by  myself,  quiet  and  thankful.  I  attend  the  Church 
of  the  Island,  and  labor  in  teaching  the  Gospel,  for  the  edifi- 
cation of  Christians  who  know  little  of  God's  Word,  which 
grows  ever   more    full  of    delights    as  the    quiet  of  death  draws 

11  Cell*  ^         ^         ^         ^ 


368  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COMVENTIOM. 

"Bear  in  mind,  brother  in  Christ,  what  you  have  often  ex- 
pressed to  us,  that  there  is  need  that  we  of  the  East  know  you 
and  that  you  know  us.  And  in  order  to  our  knowing  each 
other,  there  is  need  that  the  sacred  liturgical  books  and  the 
rules  for  service  be  translated  into  the  different  tongues,  that 
they  may  be  understood  and  that  prejudice  may  be  uprooted. 
They  cause  much  harm  through  their  want  of  sympathy,  their 
manner,  and  their  thoughtlessness,  who,  on  your  side,  judge  of 
us  and  our  affairs,  or  on  our  side  of  you  and  your  affairs,  yet 
pay  little  attention  to  the  real  opinions  of  each,  *  *  *  * 
wherefore  we  shall  thankfully  receive  and  wait  for  the  Liturgy 
of  the  Anglican  and  American  Churches  in  Latin,  which  I 
understand  you  will  send  us,  as  also  anything  else  bearing  on 
the  work  of  unity." 

His  blessedness  had  been  told  of  the  unsatisfactory  nature 
of  the  various  translations  of  the  Prayer  Book  into  foreign 
tongues,  and  has  been  asked  if  he  could  readily  read  Bright  & 
Medd's  Liber  Precuin  Publicariim,  which,  besides  being  the  best 
version  of  the  English  Prayer  Book  in  any  tongue,  contains  also  a 
translation  of  the  American  and  the  Scottish  Communion  Offices. 

Two  important  societies  in  the  Russian  Church  have  cele- 
brated their  twenty-fifth  anniversary  the  past  year,  the  Orthodox 
Missionary  Society  and  the  Russian  Bible  Society.  Each  can 
tell  of  admirable  work  done,  but  each,  while  thanking  God  for 
what  has  been  achieved,  recognizes  the  need  of  yet  more  earnest 
prayers  and  labor,  and  of  yet  larger  gifts. 

While,  in  America  and  England,  the  difficulties  in  the  way 
of  anything  like  general  Christian  education  have  been  felt  to 
be  very  great  and  often  almost  insuperable,  we  are  told,  on 
good  authority,  that  "during  the  last  twelve  years  more  than 
eleven  thousand  parish  schools  have  been  provided  by  the  Rus- 
sian Church,  and  have  been  supported  mainly  through  volun- 
tary efforts." 

A  devout  and  learned  P^nglish  layman,  well  known  to  a 
member  of  our  Commission,  writes  of  a  visit  he  paid  last  year 
in  the  East  of  Russia:  "I  traveled  with  a  Tartar  Priest,  him- 
self a  convert  from  Mohammeeanism,  amongst  the  Tartar  vil- 
lages East  of  the  Volga,  where,  so  far  from  the  state  having 
put  pressure  upon  the  natives  to  desert  their  religion,  Moham- 
medanism is  even  endowed  by  the  Russian  government.  And 
yet,  I  saw  village  after  village,  where  forty  years  ago  there  was 
not  a  single  Christian  inhabitant,  with  Christian  churches  built 
by  private  subscription,  and  crowded  with  Tartar  peasants,  sing- 
ing the  Liturgy,  and  other  ofifiices  of  the  Church,  in  their  native 
tongue." 

The  work  of  the  Christianizing  the  Mohammedans  seems  to 
niany  almost  hopeless.  Surely  there  is  life  and  efficiency  in  a 
Church  which  can  succeed  so  well  in  a  task  so  difficult. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  369 

Since  last  General  Convention,  we  have  been  brought,  in 
more  than  one  instance,  into  relations  with  the  Church  in  the 
Greek  Kingdom.  The  learned  and  eloquent  Demetrius  Latas, 
Archbishop  of  Zante,  was  present  at  the  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Missions  in  Chicago,  in  October,  A.  D.  1893.  In  an  address 
which  he  delivered  before  the  body  he  said:  "In  your  Church, 
and  in  the  eminent  divines  of  that  Church,  one  can  see  con- 
centrated the  hopes  of  union,  in  the  future,  of  all  the  Christian 
Churches  in  the  world.  Your  Church  is  the  centre  toward 
which  all  the  eminent  persons  of  the  distinctive  Churches  will 
cast  their  eyes  in  the  future,  when,  by  the  grace  of  God,  they 
will  decide  to  take  steps  for  the  union  of  all  the  Christian 
world,  into  one  flock  under  one  Shepherd." 

After  the  Apostolic  Benediction  from  the  Most  Reverend 
Prelate,  at  the  conclusion  of  his  address,  the  following  resolu- 
tion, prepared  by  a  member  of  our  Commission,  was  unani- 
mously  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  the  Missionary  Council  of  the  American 
Church  extends  to  the  Most  Reverend  Dionysius,  Archbishop 
of  Zante,  our  most  reverent  regards,  and  through  him  our  most 
loving  greetings  to  our  dear  brethren  in  Christ,  the  Bishops, 
Clergy,  and  Laity  of  the  Holy  Orthodox  Churches  of  the  East, 
of  whom  he  is  so  worthy  a  representative. 

Not  long  after  the  Council  at  Chicago,  he  returned  home  by 
the  Pacific  Ocean.  A  friend  who  saw  him  soon  after  writes: 
"It  was  very  interesting  to  notice  the  effect  of  his  travels;  he 
was  extraordinarily  impressed  by  the  expenditure  of  resources 
on  missionary  work;  it  seems  to  have  given  him  quite  a  new 
and  fresh  conviction  that  Christianity  is  destined  to  rule  the 
world." 

He  had  learned  much  of  the  real  condition  of  our  Church 
during  his  visit,  and  we  hoped  much  from  the  results  of  his 
influence  on  his  return  to  Greece.  But  our  Heavenly  Father 
was  pleased  to  call  him  to  his  rest  very  soon  after  he  again 
reached  his  native  land. 

A  senior  member  of  our  Commission,  the  Bishop  of  Long 
Island,  spending  some  time  in  Athens,  and  receiving  much 
courtesy  from  the  Metropolitan  and  his  Clergy,  addressed  the 
following  letter  to  the  Metropolitan    on    Christmas    Day,    1894: 

GcvDianos,  Metropolitaji  of  Athens,  and  President  of  the  Holy  Synod 
of  Greece: 
My  Lord  Archbishop.  After  the  very  friendly  interviews 
granted  me  by  your  Grace,  in  the  past  week,  I  am  encouraged 
to  believe  that  you  will  not  regard  with  disfavor  this  more 
formal  and  explicit  expression  of  my  deep  interest  in  all  that 
belongs  to  the  history,  or  concerns  the  well-being,  of  the  Holy 
Orthodox  Church  of  the  P^ast.     Though  I  have  no  authority  to 


370  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Speak  for  anyone  but  myself,  I  may  venture  to  assure  you  and 
the  Holy  Synod  over  which  you  preside,  that  my  feeling,  as 
one  of  its  Bishops,  correctly  represents  that  of  the  whole  Amer- 
ican Church. 

There  are  many  reasons  why  we  of  the  remoter  West  should 
regard  with  affectionate  veneration  all  branches  of  the  Holy  East- 
ern Church  in  communion  with  the  Patriarch  of  Constantinople. 
We  arc  not  unmindful  of  what  she  has  suffered  and  achieved 
through  ages  of  change,  oppression,  and  disaster.  We  are 
grateful  for  her  patient  and  courageous  witness  in  times  of  peril 
and  persecution  to  the  faith  and  order  of  the  primitive  Church. 
We  are  glad  to  recognize  her  dignity  and  honor,  as  the  Mother 
Church  of  Christendom.  It  is  part  of  our  happiness,  as  it  is 
also  of  our  strength,  to  know  that  we  have  much  in  common 
with  the  Eastern  Church,  and  that  in  some  degree  we  are 
sharers  in  her  noblest  treasures.  Her  fathers  are  ours.  We 
cherish,  with  a  love  second  only  to  hers,  the  Clements,  the 
Polycarps,  the  Basils,  the  Gregories  and  the  Chrysostoms  whom 
she  gave  to  Christendom.  And  while  saying  this,  we  rejoice 
to  add  that  she,  faithfully  obedient  to  their  teachings,  has  never 
allowed  herself  to  be  tempted  to  put  forth  arrogant  pretensions 
to  supremacy  and  infallibility,  and  thus  to  erect  new  and  in- 
superable barriers  to  the  restoration  of  Catholic  unity. 

In  this  connection,  we  recall  with  lively  satisfaction  the 
endeavors  made  by  some  of  our  pious  and  learned  forefathers 
of  the  Church  of  England  (endeavors  rendered  possible  by 
the  absence  of  such  barriers)  to  open  friendly  communications 
with  Eastern  Patriarchs  and  Prelates.  But,  coming  down  to 
events  nearer  our  own  time,  we  hold  in  thankful  remembrance 
the  kindness  and  sympathy  shown  by  prominent  ecclesiastics 
of  the  Greek  Church  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hill,  during  his  fifty 
years  of  labor  in  this  city  in  the  cause  of  Christian  education. 
The  great  value  of  his  work  and  the  disinterested  motives  which 
prompted  it,  as  well  as  the  stainless  excellence  of  his  character 
as  a  priest  in  the  Church  of  God,  have  been  equally  attested 
by  the  highest  authorities  in  the  Greek  Church  and  in  the 
Greek  nation.  During  all  the  half  century  of  Dr.  Hill's  labors 
here,  he  was  not  only  the  public  representative  but  also  a 
living  epistle  of  the  American  Church  to  the  brethren  of  the 
Eastern  Church.  It  is,  therefore,  no  new  thing  that  you  should 
be  assured  by  these  presents  of  the  loving  sympathy  of  the 
American  Church. 

Most  thankful  for  the  many  courtesies  and  kindnesses  re- 
ceived at  the  hands  of  your  Grace  during  my  sojourn  in  Athens, 
I  cannot  conclude  this  letter  without  expressing  the  earnest 
hojjc  (and  I  do  so  in  words  used  by  the  late  illustrious  Bishop 
of  Lincoln,  some  eighteen  years  ago)  that  "if  it  should  please 
God    that   Constantinople    should  cease,   after   more   than   four 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  37 1 

hundred  years,  to  be  the  seat  of  Moslem  misrule,  and  be  re- 
stored to  the  Christian  faith,  the  Cross  may  again  surmount 
the  Church  of  Santa  Sophia,  and  other  Gregories  and  other 
Chrysostoms  may  sit  on  the  patriarchal  throne,  and  faithful 
worshippers  from  the  East  and  the  West  may  meet  together  as 
brethren  under  its  dome  to  sing  praises  to  their  common  Lord." 

If  it  be  not  a  vain  thing  to  cherish  such  a  hope,  it  will 
surely  be  part  of  our  daily  prayers  that  God  will,  in  His  own 
time  and  way,  effect  such  a  union  of  the  ancient  Churches 
of  the  East  with  the  Western  Churches  of  the  Anglican  and 
American  Communion,  and  with  the  Old  Catholics  of  conti- 
nental Europe,  as  will,  in  His  merciful  providence,  prove  to  be 
a  firm  bulwark  against  the  assaults  of  unbelief  and  Ultramon- 
tanism — now  the  chief  peril  of  Christendom,  and  a  sure  safeguard, 
amid  all  dangers  and  disasters,  of  the  faith  once  delivered  to 
the  saints,  with  its  sufficient  record  in  Holy  Scripture,  and  its 
sufficient  witness  in  the  Primitive  Church. 

With  sincere  esteem  and  affection,  I  am  your  Grace's  friend 
and  brother  in  Christ, 

A.    N.    LiTTLEJOHN, 

Bishop  of  Long  Island. 

To  this  letter  the  Metropolitan  responded  as  follows: 
T//e  RigJit  Reverend  the  Bisliop  of  Long  Island: 

My  Dear  Bisliop:  The  Holy  Synod  of  the  Church  of 
Greece,  having  perused  with  great  attention  and  care  the  letter 
sent  by  you,  our  beloved  brother,  has  gratefully  appreciated 
the  affectionate  veneration  of  the  American  Church  toward  the 
Holy  Orthodox  Church  and  its  fathers,  who  established  it  through 
labor  and  blood.  These  fathers  delivered  to  us,  as  they  had  re- 
ceived it  from  the  eye-witnesses  of  the  Word,  a  holy  and 
uncorrupt  Church,  not  having  spot  or  blemish,  or  any  such 
thing.  Therefore  the  Holy  Synod  of  the  Church  of  Greece 
directed  us  to  greet  you,  brother  beloved  in  Christ,  and  to  write 
a  due  answer  to  your  honored  letter. 

Thus  writing,  we  assure  you,  who  are  so  dear  to  us,  of  our 
deep  gratitude  for  your  letter  in  which  you  express  so  strongly 
the  thankfulness  of  the  American  Church  to  the  Holy  Eastern 
Church,  for  her  patient  and  courageous  witness,  in  times  of 
peril  and  persecution,  to  the  faith  and  order  of  the  Primitive 
Church. 

In  this  letter,  you  recognize  the  Holy  P^astern  Church  as 
the  Mother  Church  of  Christendom,  and  you  state  that  its 
fathers  are  also  the  fathers  of  the  American  Church,  namely, 
the  Clements,  the  Polycarps,  the  Basils,  the  Gregories,  and  the 
Chrysostoms.  Moreover,  you  earnestly  desire  the  realization  of 
the  union  of  the  Churches  of  luigland  and  America,  with  the 
Primitive  Church  in  the  East. 


372  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  COm^ENTIOK 

We  cannot  express  the  joy  and  the  great  satisfaction  we 
felt  for  what  is  written  so  sincerely  by  a  Revered  Prelate  of 
the  American  Church.  We  thanked  God  from  the  bottom  of 
our  heart  because  he  has  sent  you,  at  this  time,  as  one  of  His 
chosen  servants  to  aid  in  preparing  the  way  for  the  desired 
union,  and  so  for  the  fulfillment  of  the  great  promise  that  we 
shall  all  be  one  flock  under  one  and  the  same  heavenly  Shep- 
herd, our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

In  the  meantime,  we  beg  you,  who  in  the  goodness  of  your 
heart  have  shown  us  so  many  proofs  of  sympathy,  to  allow  us 
to  assure  you  that  our  Holy  Church  of  God,  walking  in  the 
paths  of  its  blessed  and  ever  memorable  fathers  and  masters, 
considers  as  one  of  its  principal  aims,  the  union  of  all  the 
Christian  Churches  in  the  world  under  one  and  the  same  Mas- 
ter, our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

Our  Church,  praying  incessantly  for  this  most  desirable  and 
salutary  union,  believes  that  the  moment  is  approaching  when 
this  union  will  be  possible,  principally  with  those  Churches  of  the 
West  which  have  no  ambition  for  self-advancement,  and  which 
arc  distinguished  for  their  devotion  to  the  principles  of  the 
Primitive  Church.  It  is  only  such  Churches  that  can  success- 
fully resist  men  who  ascribe  to  themselves  divine  qualities,  and 
that  can  remove  the  worst  obstacles  to  the  restoration  of 
Christian  concord  and  unity. 

Writing  this  letter  with  Christian,  love  to  you,  and  giving  to 
all  faithful  Christians  of  America  the  blessing  of  our  Holy 
Church,  we  are  your  dear  brother  and  friend  in  Christ, 

i^  Germanos, 
Metropolitan  of  Athens. 
Athens,   December  24,   1894 — January  5,   1895. 

The  work  of  the  Jerusalem  and  the  East  Mission,  under  the 
charge  of  Bishop  Blyth,  has  gone  on  with  many  anxieties,  but, 
on  the  whole,  very  successfully.  In  addition  to  the  work  at 
Jerusalem,  a  hospital  has  been  opened  at  Haifa,  at  the  foot  of 
Mt.  Carmcl,  under  the  very  efficient  care  of  Miss  May  Allen, 
daughter  of  the  late  Archdeacon  Allen,  of  Salop,  in  the  Diocese 
of  Litchfield,  and  a  lady  of  much  experience  in  the  missionary 
field. 

There  is  a  mission  school  at  Cairo,  under  the  charge  of  the 
Rev.  Naser  Odeh,  a  native  Syrian,  placed  there  by  Bishop  Blyth. 
It  is  especially  intended  for  Jews,  but  Copts  and  Moslems  are 
also  admitted.  A  recent  visitor  was  much  impressed  by  the 
attainments  of  the  pupils,  girls,  boys,  and  young  men,  and  by 
the  thorough  and  Churchly  manner  in  which  all  was  carried  on. 
The  Society  for  the  Furtherance  of  Christianity  in  Egypt  is 
doing  what  it  can  to  promote  education  among  the  Copts,  and 
especially  for  their  women.     Among  the  Copts  themselves  con- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  373 

siderable  is  done  for  education.  A  society  has  been  founded 
by  them  called  the  Al  Tewfikh  Society,  which  aims  to  promote 
the  advancement  of  the  Coptic  people,  and,  as  means  thereto, 
to  improve  the  training  and  the  support  of  the  clergy,  who  are 
at  present  very  poorly  paid.  While  this  movement  is  one  of 
their  own,  they  welcome  the  sympathy  and  help  of  Anglicans. 
The  Archbishop's  Mission  to  Assyrian  Christians  still  goes  on 
with  its  good  work  of  assisting  the  Assyrian,  or,  as  we  believe 
they  prefer  to  be  called,  the  East  Syrian,  Christians  help  them- 
selves. To  use  the  words  of  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury, 
"The  object  of  the  Mission  is  not  to  Anglicise  this  people,  but 
to  make  them  intelligent  holders  of  the  religion  which  they 
have  held  with  such  tenacity."  "There  was  no  question  about 
the  absolute  sincerity  of  these  people  ;  they  did  not  desire  that 
money  should  be  spent  among  them;  all  that  they  asked  was, 
'Teach  us;  do  come  and  teach  us.  You  have  all  knowledge, 
all  power,  at  your  disposal ;    come  over  here  and  teach  us.'  " 

A  number  of  the  students  of  the  General  Theological  Sem- 
inary in  New  York  have,  we  understand,  undertaken  to  pay  the 
salary  of  one  of  the  clergy  connected  with  the  Mission,  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Nees^n,  a  Syrian  who  was  educated  at  the  New  York 
Seminary.  A  number  of  village  schools  are  supported  by  con- 
tributions of  American  Churchmen.  Indeed,  the  Jerusalem  and 
the  East  Mission,  under  Bishop  Blyth,  and  the  Archbishop's 
Assyrian  Mission,  are  Anglican  rather  than  English  Missions, 
and  well  deserving  of  American  help.  We  are  pleased  to  learn 
that  Bishop  Bl}'th  has  recently  received  very  generous  assistance 
from  this   country. 

The  Eastern  Church  Association,  founded  about  thirty  years 
since  in  England,  "to  give  information  as  to  the  state  and 
])osition  of  the  Eastern  Christians,  to  make  known  to  the 
Christians  of  the  East  the  doctrine  and  principles  of  the  Anglican 
Church,  and  to  take  advantage  of  aJl  opportunities  which  the 
Providence  of  God  should  afford  for  intercommunion  with  the 
Orthodox  Church,  and  also  for  friendly  intercourse  with  the 
other  ancient  Churches  of  the  East,"  which  for  some  years  was 
inactive,  has  lately  been  revived  and  is  doing  a  good  work.  It 
counts  among  its  members  a  number  of  Bishops  and  others  of 
the  American  Church. 

In  our  last  report  we  gave  an  account  of  the  Eirst  Interna- 
tional Old  Catholic  Congress,  held  at  Cologne,  September,  1890, 
and  of  the  second,  held  at  Lucerne,  Switzerland,  in  September, 
1892.  At  the  third  of  these  Congresses,  held  at  Rotterdam, 
Holland,  August  27-30,  1894,  two  members  of  our  Commission 
were  in  attendance.  Bishop  Hale  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Nevin.  They 
were  greatly  encouraged  by  what  they  saw  and  heard.  There 
were  representatives  there,  and  able  ones,  from  Germany,  Swit- 
zerland, Austria,  France    and  Italy,  and,  of   course,  a   good  at- 


374  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

tendance  of  Hollanders;  and  with  all  the  zeal,  there  was  great 
harmony.  At  other  Old  Catholic  gatherings,  one  had  been  struck 
with  the  academic  character  of  much  of  the  proceedings.  Wise 
men  and  good  spake  learnedly  and  well  in  favor  of  this  doctrine, 
or  against  that  practice.  But  the  young  and  zealous  were  largely 
conspicuous  by  their  absence.  At  this  Congress  the  wisdom  of 
the  aged  was  not  absent,  but  neither  was  the  enthusiasm  of  the 
younger.  In  the  earlier  stages  of  the  Old  Catholic  movement, 
the  Church  of  Holland  stood  watching.  Now,  its  Archbishop, 
two  Bishops,  with  leading  clergy  and  laity,  were  in  the  forefront. 
For  years  the  Old  Church  in  Holland  steadily  declined  in 
numbers,  now  the  tide  has  turned,  and  it  has  a  steady  increase. 
The  Church  services  during  the  Congress  were  well  attended 
by  young  and  old,  and  were  hearty  and  attractive.  The  Con- 
gress was  presided  over  by  Dr.  Van  Theil,  head  of  the  Theo- 
logical Seminary  at  Amersfoort,  a  strong  man,  and  an  excellent 
presiding  officer.  While  the  visitors,  Anglican  and  Russian,  were 
treated  with  great  courtesy  and  kindness,  it  was  evident  that 
the  Old  Catholics  were  not  bidding  for  foreign  support,  in  any 
quarter;    and  this  in  itself  was  an  encouraging  feature. 

Excellent  reports  were  given  of  progress  in  Germany  and 
Switzerland.  An  able  young  priest  from  Paris  told  of  good 
work  done  there.  Pfarrer  Cech  gave  a  good  report  for  Austria. 
It  was  resolved  to  have  the  next  Congress  meet  (in  1896)  at 
Vienna,  by  which  time  it  is  hoped  that  the  Austrian  Old  Catholics 
will  have  a  Bishop  of  their  own.  Arrangements  to  that  end 
are  already  making. 

Count  Henri  di  Campello,  from  Italy,  proclaimed  the  hearty 
agreement  of  himself  and  those  who  followed  him  with  Old 
Catholic  principles.  It  was  a  matter  of  regret,  spoken  of  not 
publicly  but  privately,  that  Spain  was  not  represented  at  this 
Congress,  as  it  had  been  at  the  last,  so  that  all  those  on  the 
continent  who  sought  to  be  Catholic  but  not  Roman  might  act 
in  harmony,  to  their  mutual  comfort  and   advantage. 

In  July  last.  Bishop  Reinkens  addressed  a  Pastoral  Letter  to 
the  clergy  and  laity  under  his  charge,  to  say  that,  warned  by 
advancing  years  and  the  effects  of  recent  illness  that  he  had 
need  of  help  in  his  work,  he  proposed  that  his  Vicar  General, 
Dr.  Theodore  Weber,  be  consecrated  to  be  his  assistant.  Prof. 
Weber  was  accordingly  consecrated  August  4,  1895,  i"  the 
Cathedral  of  Berne,  by  Bishop  Herzog,  assisted  by  Bishop 
Reinkens  and  Bishop  Spit,  of  Deventer;  a  Bishop  from  each  of 
the  Churches  of  Germany,  Switzerland,  and  Holland,  thus  taking 
part  in  the  laying  on  of  hands. 

On  Sunday.  September  23,  1894,  a  recently  erected  church 
for  the  Spanish  Reformers  was  consecrated  in  Madrid,  by  the 
Archbishop  of  Dublin,  and  on  the  same  day,  Senor  Cabrera  was 
consecrated  a  Bishop  of  the  Reformed  Church  in  Spain,  by  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  375 

Archbishop  of  Dublin,  assisted  by  the  Bishops  of  Clogher  and 
Down  of  the  Irish  Church. 

During  the  past  two  years,  there  has  been  on  the  Continent 
not  a  little  discussion  of  Anglican  Orders.  Some  Old  Catholics 
of  Holland,  who  have  not  yet  outlived  Ultramontane  prejudices, 
having  expressed  doubts  as  to  the  validity  of  those  Orders, 
have  drawn  out  most  able  replies  from  such  Old  Catholic 
leaders  as  Bishop  Reinkens  and  Dr.  Friedrich.  And  leading 
French  ecclesiastics,  the  Abbe  Portal,  the  Abbe  Duchesne,  and 
Monseigneur  Gasparri,  have  demonstrated  that  many  of  the 
arguments  urged  against  Anglican  Orders  have  no  support  from 
history,  or  theological  science.  It  is  said  that  these  distinguished 
scholars  have  been  encouraged  in  setting  forth  the  real  facts  in 
this  matter  by  manifest  approval  in  very  high  quarters.  The 
withdrawal  of  baseless  charges  against  the  validity  of  Anglican 
Orders  would  do  much  in  preparing  the  way  for  nearer  relations 
between  Christian  Churches  in  time  to  come. 

On  the  30th  of  August,  last,  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
issued,  at  the  request  of  the  Bishops  of  his  Province,  a  very 
important  Pastoral  Letter.     In  this  he  says  : 

"A  desire  for  sympathy  among  classes,  for  harmony  among 
nations,  above  all,  for  reunion  in  Christendom,  is  characteristic 
of  our  time.  We  cannot  fail  to  find  in  it  a  call  to  renewed 
faith  in  the  mission  of  the  Church,  and  to  more  strenuous  labor 
for  the  realization  of  Christ's  bequest  of  peace.  *  *  *  The 
official  letter  of  the  Bishops  of  the  Anglican  Communion,  as- 
sembled in  Conference  at  Lambeth,  in  A.  D.  1878,  already 
suggested  'the  observance  throughout  our  Communion  of  a 
season  of  prayer  for  the  unity  of  Christendom,'  as  well  as  an 
intercession  for  the  enlargement  of  Christ's  Kingdom.  The 
Lambeth  Conference  of  A.  D.  1888  'commended  this  matter  of 
reunion  to  the  special  prayers  of  all  Christian  people,  both  within 
and  (so  far  as  it  might  rightly  do  so)  without  our  Communion,' 
in  preparation  for  opportunities  of  further  action.  Similar  de- 
sires have  been  expressed  by  Eastern  Churches.  Conferences 
have  been  held  between  leading  men  of  various  communities. 
Almost  all  the  Christian  bodies  known  among  us,  including  the 
Roman  Communion,  have  by  their  heads  requested  that  prayers 
should  be  offered  this  last  Whitsuntide  for  grace  to  attain  to 
so  good  a  consummation.  In  thankfulness  to  the  one  Spirit 
for  these  manifold  signs  of  His  operation,  the  whole  Christian 
Church  will  consider  both  the  duty  of  continued  movement 
towards  this  Divine  end,  and  will  also  mark  all  forms  of  action 
likely  to  hinder  or  invalidate  such  movement.  Peril  there  would 
he  to  us  in  any  haste  which  would  sacrifice  part  of  our  trust, 
and  in  any  narrowness  which  would  limit  our  vision  of  Christen- 
dom. *  *  *  Union,  solid  and  permanent,  can  be  based  only 
on  the  common  acknowledgment   of   truth.     *      *      *     History 


376  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

appears  to  be  forcing  upon  the  Anglican  Communion  an  un- 
sought position,  an  overwhelming  duty  from  which  it  has  hitherto 
shrunk.  It  has  no  need  to  state  or  to  apologize  for  this.  Think- 
ers, not  of  its  own  fold,  have  boldly  foreshadowed  the  obligation 
which  must  lie  upon  it  towards  the  divided  Churches  of  East 
and  West.  *  *  *  It  seems  not  uncertainly  marked  by  God 
to  bring  the  parted  Churches  of  Christ  to  a  better  understand- 
ing and  closer  fellowship.  *  *  *  It  is  our  supreme  and 
perfect  hope  that  at  last  '  the  peace  of  God  shall  rule  in  all 
our  hearts,  to  the  which  also  we  are  called  in  One  Body.'  We 
steadfastly  pray  the  prayer.  We  commit  ourselves  'to  Him 
that  is  able  to  do  exceeding  abundantly  above  all  that  we  ask 
or  think.'  " 

Doubtless,  amongst  those  who  pray  for  unity  a  large  part 
have  a  very  defective  idea  of  what  unity  is,  and  are  influenced, 
more  than  they  themselves  realize,  by  a  desire  to  see  their  own 
opinion  prevail.  Members  of  one  Church  would  fain  see  all 
other  Christian  Churches  and  Christians  subject  to  that  one 
Church.  And  those  who  have,  for  any  cause,  departed  from 
the  Divine  Organization  of  the  Church,  vainly  imagine  that  the 
immense  majority  of  Christians  would  surrender  what  they  hold 
as  a  sacred  trust,  in  order  to  bring  about  a  temporary  union 
containing  within  itself  the  elements  of  its  own  speedy  disrup- 
tion. But,  happily,  God  answers  the  prayers  of  His  people, 
not  according  to  their  ignorance,  but  according  to  His  infinite 
and  loving  wisdom.  If  there  be  a  special  promise,  "where  two 
of  you  agree  on  earth  as  touching  anything  that  ye  shall  ask," 
how  sure  may  we  be  that,  when  from  millions  of  Christian 
hearts,  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  goes  up  the  constant  and  fer- 
vent prayer  that  "all  may  be  one,"  He,  who  is  "the  author  of 
peace  and  lover  of  concord,"  will,  in  His  own  good  time  and 
way,  grant  the  petition,  and  unite  all  His  children,  however  now 
dissevered,  in  "that  peace  of  His  that  maketh  all  things  peace- 
ful." ^ 

How  can  we  close  better  than  in  the  words  of  Porphyry,  the 
late  learned  and  saintly  Bishop  of  Tchigirin,  in  Russia,  who,  in 
his  work  on  the  Coptic  Church,  nearly  forty  years  ago,  thus 
beautifully  wrote : 

"He  who  walked  amidst  the  seven  golden  candlesticks  of 
the  Church  alone  knoweth  when,  and  how,  and  by  what  means, 
shall  be  fulfilled  His  promise,  which  cannot  be  broken,  'There 
shall  be  one  Flock  and  one  Shepherd.'  But  until  that  time 
comes,  every  child  of  the  Catholic  Church  ought  to  draw  near, 
by  prayer,  by  love,  by  careful  study,  to  his  brethren  who  are 
put  in  antagonism  to,  or,  to  speak  more  correctly,  are  separated 
from  him  by  misunderstandings.  '  Behold  how  good  and  joyful 
a  thing  it  is,  brethren,  to  dwell  together  in  unity!'  In  one 
and  the  same  aether  float  all  the  stars  of  heaven,  made  by  God, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  377 

not  all  of  one  size,  or  of  one  weight,  and  revolving  in  different 
orbits,  and  about  different  suns.  On  one  earth,  and  according 
to  one  law  of  vegetation,  the  flowers  grow,  but  how  they  differ 
in  form  and  color  !  One  Lord  of  the  spirits  of  all  flesh  rules 
with  sovereign  sway  over  all,  but  when  there  is  a  common  love 
each  for  the  other,  his  tender  mercy  will  graciously  condescend, 
and  listening  to  the  prayers  of  all,  each  for  the  other,  He  will 
pardon  errors  and  sins,  in  word  or  deed,  and  whether  com- 
mitted  in  knowledge  or  in  ignorance." 

All  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

A.  Cleveland  Coxe. 
F.  D.  Huntington. 
Charles  Chapman   Grafton. 
Thomas  F.  Davis. 
Charles  R.   Hale. 
E.  A.  Hoffman. 
Robert  J.  Nevin. 
Fr.  a.  DeRosset. 
John  A.  King. 


REPORT  OF  THE  RECORDER  OF  ORDINATIONS. 

ordinations    by    bishops    of    the    AMERICAN    CHURCH. 

IS85-IS95. 

Bishop  George  Burgess  prepared  a  list  of  ordinations  to  the 
Deaconate  from   1785  to   1857,  both   inclusive. 

The  Rev.  E.  H.  Downing  continued  this  list  to  the  end  of 
the  year   1884. 

In  the  former  list  there  were  2,787  names,  and  in  the  latter 

3.I90. 

The  "copyist"  of  the  Burgess  list  added  one  name. 

The  present  compiler  has  found  twenty-two  names  omitted. 

The  total  number  of  persons  ordained  to  the  Holy  Order  of 
Deacons  up  to  Dec.  31st,    18S4,  was  then, — 

Burgess  list 2,787 

Added  by  "cop)'ist" i 

Added  by  present    compiler 2         2,790 

Downing  list 3.190 

Added  by  present  Compiler 20         3,210 

Total  to  Dec.  31st,   1884 6,000 

The    omissions    are  herein    supplied,    and    the    numbering    is 

begun  with  number  6,001,  as    more    significant    than  if    this  list 

were  begun  at  the  unit.       It    is    not    desired   to  ignore  the  past, 

but  to  include  it.  tt  ^  t^ 

Herman  Cope  Duncan, 

Recorder  of  Ordinations. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  379 

VILLA  ROSA  AGLOW. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dorilus  Morrison  Receive  at  their  Mansion. 

A  Garue.n  Party  after  the  English  Fashion,  Followed  by 
A  Magnificent  Dinner. 

A  beautiful  October  day  dawned,  mellow,  bright,  clear  and 
radiant.  No  fairer,  more  perfect  day  was  ever  given  by  the  gods 
to  mortals.  On  such  a  day  as  this  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dorilus  Mor- 
rison had  elected  to  give  their  garden  party  to  the  visiting 
delegates  to  the  great  triennial  Convention.  The  fates  were 
kind  and  King  Sol  shone  his  brightest  for  the  honor  of  Minne- 
sota weather.  The  garden  party  was  a  magnificent  success. 
No  chill  air  blighted  the  roseate  plans  of  a  hostess  unsurpassed 
in  all  the  country  in  the  matter  of  entertaining.  And  the  after- 
noon at  Villa  Rosa  was  one  of  perfect  artistic  and  social  satis- 
faction. 

The  fine  old  place  is  never  more  beautiful  than  at  this  time 
of  the  year.  The  fountain  gushed  forth  a  silvery  spray  of  water 
within  its  border  of  tropical  plants.  The  brilliant  scarlet  canna 
flamed  against  the  deep  green  of  the  tall  old  hedges,  beds  of 
warm  red  foliage  lighted  up  the  broad  sweep  of  close  cropped 
lawn,  and  the  sunlight  streamed  through  tall  maples  and  elms, 
making  golden  patches  of  light  over  the  turf  and  the  graveled 
walks.  The  house  itself  was  like  a  rare  old  jewel  set  in  the 
burnished  gold  of  autumn  leaves  that  were  trailed  over  it  in  a 
perfect  drapery  of  vines. 

All  about  the  extensive  grounds  warm  rugs  were  laid  for 
the  sensitive  feet  of  the  ladies  who  desired  to  pause  and  chat 
in  any  particular  spot.  Seats  were  arranged  about  the  sturdy 
trunks  of  grand  old  trees,  and  on  them  were  cushions  of  bright 
silk.  An  arbor  at  the  further  end  of  the  grounds  was  gay  with 
trappings  of  cushions  and  rugs,  and  in  this  many  a  icie  a  tete 
was  held. 

A  feature  of  the  occasion  which  made  one  think  of  the  smart 
English  garden  parties  was  the  buffet  laid  for  the  comfort  of 
the  guests.  It  was  placed  under  a  large  canopy  of  deep  crimson, 
draped  high  up  with  chenille  of  soft  dark  red  effects.  Upon 
an  immense  rug  one  long  table  was  laid  attractively  decorated 
with  fruits  and  flowers.  The  latter  were  red  geraniums  placed 
in  vases  of  Venetian  glass  that  stood  upon  crimson  velvet  mats. 


Mr.  Dorilus  Morrison. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  381 

Behind  the  table,  set  directly  against  the  high  hedge,  was  a 
well  appointed  buffet,  glistening  with  silver  and  glass.  At 
another  spot  distant  from  this  punch  was  served. 

A  fine  military  band  played  during  the  afternoon,  lending 
zest  to  the  occasion  and  inviting  groups  of  people  to  stroll 
down  the  walks  and  paths.  The  opening  music  was  a  march 
composed  especially  for  the  occasion  by  Frank  Danz  and  called 
the  Villa  Rosa  March.  This  was  followed  by  various  favorite 
overtures,,  operatic  selections,  waltzes  and  other  light  inspiriting 
movements.  The  orchestra  was  semi-concealed  behind  a  clump 
of  fir  trees  midway  in  the  sweep  of  the  garden. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Morrison  received  their  guests  standing  upon 
a  large  crimson  rug  under  the  great  elms  fronting  the  villa. 
They  were  assisted  by  Dr.  Hutchins,  who  for  many  years  has 
been  Secretary  of  the  House  of  Deputies,  and  was  therefore 
well  qualified  to  present  the  visiting  guests  by  name.  ]\Irs. 
Morrison  invited  no  local  receiving  party  to  assist  her  in  greet- 
ing the  guests,  choosing  rather  in  consideration  of  the  pleasure 
and  freedom  of  all  to  detain  a  few  of  her  friends  at  a  time, 
as  they  arrived,  to  stand  with  her  and  receive.  Thus  a  fresh 
group  was  continually  about  her,  and  left  the  duties  onerous  for 
none. 

Mr.  Morrison  himself  extended  a  most  cordial  and  hearty 
greeting  to  all.  His  fine  bearing  marked  him  as  the  man  of 
affairs  that  he  is  known  to  be,  and  all  who  shook  him  b}-  the 
hand  recalled  in  silence  no  doubt  the  many  works  of  his  brain 
in  the  great  Northwest  upon  which  he  has  so  deeply  left  his 
impress.  It  was  a  pleasure  to  note  his  vigorous  appearance 
and  apparent  excellent  health.  His  charming  wife  standing 
b}'  his  side  was  a  picture  in  brown  and  green,  the  details  ol 
her  costume  blending  well  with  her  blonde  beauty.  She  wore 
a  stylish  short  French  coat  of  golden  brown  velvet,  with  full 
skirt  of  broadcloth  of  the  same  shade.  The  coat  was  set  off 
by  a  beautiful  pelerine  of  emerald  green  glace  velvet  with 
garniture  of  sable  tails.  Her  hat  was  of  the  same  green,  with 
intermixture  of  fur. 

A  sensible  and  picturesque  feature  of  the  arrangements  was 
the  little  page  stationed  near  Mrs.  Morrison  to  bear  her  mes- 
sages to  friends  in  distant  parts  of  the  grounds,  as  she  could 
not  lea\'e  her  place  in  receiving  the  constant  inflow   of   guests. 


Mrs.  Dorilus  Morrison. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  383 

All  during  the  afternoon,  while  the  carriages  rolled  up  to 
this  summit  of  the  city's  handsome  homes,  a  stream  of  people 
walked  down  the  long  avenue  on  which  the  villa  faces,  watching 
with  interest  every  detail  of  the  entertainment.  It  was  like  a 
glimpse  into  fairyland,  a  glimpse  around  which  romances  might 
be  dreamed  for  weeks  untiringly.  The  guests  began  leaving 
at  five,  and  by  six  o'clock  the  grounds  were  deserted. 

But  Villa  Rosa  was  ready  to  burst  into  brilliancy  at  a  later 
hour  for  one  of  the  most  brilliant  dinners  ever  given  in  the 
city.  There  were  men  representing  varied  and  powerful  inter- 
ests, the  Church,  the  world  of  finance,  letters  and  law,  each 
man  standing  a  power  in  the  state  from  which  he    hails. 

The  table  was  placed  in  the  red  room  of  the  villa  and  was 
most  superb  in  appearance.  The  gold  service  of  the  house 
was  used  for  the  occasion,  and  a  choice  menu  was  served. 
The  flowers  were  American  beauties,  used  most  profusely,  a'nd 
the  guest  cards  were  satin  hearts,  alternating  cerise  and  white. 
They  were  lettered  with  gold  and  had  the  menu  in  the  inner 
side,  in  the  same  lettering.  At  each  plate  were  also  beautiful 
clusters  of  lilies  of  the  valley,  tied  with  white  satin  ribbon. 

Dinner  was  served  at  7  o'clock.  Mrs.  Morrison  lead  the  way 
to  the  dining  room,  with  Bishop  Potter,  who  was  the  "guest  of 
honor.  Grace  was  said  by  Dean  Carmichael,  of  Canada.  Mrs. 
Morrison  presided,  with  Mr.  Morrison  opposite  her.  Bishop 
Potter  at  her  right,  and  Dean  Carmichael  at  her  left.  The  other 
guests  were  :  Bishops  Lawrence,  of  Massachusetts  ;  Sessums,  of 
Louisiana  ;  Vincent,  of  Ohio  ;  Burgess,  of  Illinois  ;  Nichols,  of 
California;  Neely,  of  Maine;  Gov.  Prince,  of  New  Mexico;  J. 
Pierpont  Morgan,  of  New  York ;  Robert  Treat  Paine,  of  Boston  ; 
Rev.  Dr.  Hodges,  of  Baltimore  ;  John  Marshall  Brown,  of  Maine  ; 
J.  S.  Biddle,  of  Philadelphia;  Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix,  Dean  Hoff- 
man, of  New  York  ;  Rev.   H.  P.  Nichols,   Minneapolis. 

LIST    OF    GUESTS    INVITED. 

The  Most  Rev.  Robert  Machray,  Archbishop  of  Rupert's 
Land,  Canada  ;  Rt.  Rev.  H.  C.  Potter,  D.  D.,  New  York  ;  Rt. 
Rev.  Fred  D.  Huntington,  S.  T.  D.,  New  York  ;  J.  Pierpont 
Morgan,  New  York  ;  Senator  and  Mrs.  PLdmunds,  Vermont  ;  Rt. 
Rev.  Wm.  S.  Perry,  D.  D.,  Iowa  ;  Rt.  Rev.  C.  K.  Nelson.  D.  D., 
Georgia  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Chas.  C.  Grafton,  S.  T.  D.,  Fond  du  Lac  ; 
Rt.  Rev.  A.  N.  Littlejohn,  D.  D.,  Long  Island  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Henry 


384  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

A.  Nccly,  D.  D.,  Maine  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  C.  Doane,  D.  D., 
Albany;  Bishop  Jackson,  Alabama;  Rt.  Rev.  Henry  N.  Pierce, 
D.  D.,  Arkansas  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  F.  Nichols,  D.  D.,  California  ; 
Rt.  Rev.  Nelson  S.  Rulison,  D.  D.,  Pennsylvania ;  Gen.  and 
Mrs.  Ballington  Booth,  Mrs.  Gen.  Custer,  Mrs.  Gen.  John  A. 
Logan,  Washington,  D.  C.  ;  Rt.  Rev.  John  F.  Spaulding,  D.  D., 
Colorado  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Leighton  Coleman,  S.  T.  D.,  Delaware  ;  Rt. 
Rev.  John  Williams,  D.  D.,  Connecticut ;  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  Forbes, 
p:aston  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Edwin  G.  Weed,  D.  D.,  Florida ;  Rt.  Rev. 
Alfred  A.  Watson,  D.  D.,  Carolina  ;  Benjamin  Stark,  Connecticut; 
Rev.  T.  Gardiner  Littell,  D.  D.,  Delaware;  Rev.  J.  W.  Ohl, 
Colorado  ;  Rt.  Rev.  A.  J.  R.  Anson,  bishop  Qu'Appelle,  Canada  ; 
Rt.  Rev.  Thos.  Alfred  Starkey,  D.  D.,  Newark  ;  Rev.  W.  W. 
Battershall,  D.  D.,  Albany ;  C.  M.  Beckwith,  Alabama ;  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  C.  C.  Edmunds,  Jr.,  Albany  ;  M.  C.  Tombler,  Arkan- 
sas ;  Rt.  Rev.  Edward  Sullivan,  Bishop  of  Algona,  Canada ; 
Rev.  G.  M.  Christian,  Newark  ;  Rev.  Joseph  Carey,  D.  D., 
Albany  ;  Rev.  J.  J.  Vaulx,  Arkansas  ;  Rev.  A.  G.  L.  Trew,  D.  D., 
California;  Rev.  John  H.  Egar,  D.  D,  New  York;  Rt.  Rev. 
Geo.  Worthington,  S.  T.  D.,  Nebraska;  Rev.  Wm.  P.  Ten 
Broeck,  Minnesota ;  Rt.  Rev.  Hugh  M.  Thompson,  S.  T.  D., 
Mississippi  ;  Rt.  Rev.  W.  W.  Niles,  New  Hampshire  ;  Rt.  Rev. 
John  Scarborough,  D.  D.,  New  Jersey  ;  Rt.  Rev.  D.  S.  Tuttle, 
D.  D.,  Missouri;  Very  Rev.  Dr.  Carmichael,  Dean  of  Montreal, 
Canada;  Rt.  Rev.  John  Hazen  White,  Indiana;  Rev.  T.  E. 
Green,  D.  D.,  Iowa;  Rev.  Wm.  Dafter,  D.  D.,  Fond  du  Lac; 
Rt.  Rev.  Davis  Sessums,  D.  D.,  Louisiana  ;  Rev.  Chas.  F.  Sweet, 
Maine  ;   Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  W.  Dudley,  D.  D.,  Kentucky;  Rev.  C. 

B.  Brewster,  Long  Island  ;  Rev.  W.  K.  Douglass,  D.  D., 
Louisiana  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Frank  R.  Millspaugh,  Kansas  ;  Rev.  E.  T. 
Perkins,  D.  D.  Kentucky;  Rev.  H.  H.  Waters,  D.  D.,  Louisiana; 
Rev.  A.  D.  Beattie,  D.  D.,  Kansas  ;  W.  A.  Robinson,  Kentucky; 
P.  J.  Carleton,  Maine  ;  F.  P.  Wolcott,  Kentucky;  Rt.  Rev.  H.  B. 
Whipple,  D.  D.,  Minnesota;  Rt.  Rev.  Thos.  F.  Davies,  "D.  D., 
Michigan  ;  Hon.  E.  T.  Wilder,  Minnesota  ;  Rev.  S.  F.  Jewell, 
Ph.  D.,  Milwaukee;  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  Lawrence,  S.  T.  D.,  Mas- 
sachusetts ;  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  Paret,  D.  D.,  Maryland  ;  Rev.  Mahlon 
N.  Gilbert,  D.  D.,  Minnesota  ;  Very  Rev.  C.  H.  Gardner, 
Nebraska;  Rev.  R.  A.  Holland,  S.  T.  D.,  Missouri;  Rev.  Daniel 

C.  Roberts,  D.  D.,  New  Hampshire  ;  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Albert  Shaw, 
New  York  ;  Rev.  G,  W.  Watson,  D.  D.,  New  Jersey  ;  Rev.  John 
Williams,  Nebraska  ;  Very  Rev.  Dr.  Grisdale,  Dean  of  Rupert's 
Land,  Canada ;  P.  K.  Roots,  Arkansas  ;  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  E. 
MacLaren,  D.  D.,  Chicago  ;  A.  Ryerson,  Chicago  ;  Rev.  H.  B. 
Restarick,  California ;  Rev.  Oliver  H.  Raffert'y,  Connecticut; 
Rev.  Chas.  E.  Woodcook,  Connecticut  ;  Rev.  Hamilton  M. 
Bartlett,  Delaware;  Rev.  C.  H.  Marshall,  Colorado;  Rev.  E.  P. 
Newton,    Colorado  ;     Rev.    Alexander    W.    Seabrcase,   Indiana  ; 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  385 

Rev.  W.  R.  Gardner,  D.  D.,  Fond  du  Lac;  Rev.  C.  Graham 
Adams,  Indiana;  Rev.  F.  E.  Judd,  D.  D.,  Iowa;  Rev.  J.  Hilliard 
Ranger,  Indiana;  Rev.  E.  H.  Ward,  D.  D.,  Kentucky;  Rev.  L. 
W.  Barton,  Kentucky;  Rev.  P.  A.  Fitts,  Kentucky;  Rev.  John 
Percival,  D.  D.,  Louisiana;  Rev.  A.  W.  Ryan,  D.  C.  L.,  Minne- 
sota; Hon.  Chas.  H.  Strobeck,  Minnesota;  Rt.  Rev.  Isaac  L. 
Nicholson,  S.  T.  D.,  Milwaukee;  Rev.  Thos.  W.  MacLean, 
Michigan;  Rev.  G.  S.  Converse,  D.  D.,  Massachusetts;  Wm. 
Keyser,  Maryland  ;  Rev.  H.  P.  Nichols  and  wife,  Minnesota;  D. 
P.  Porter,  Mississippi;  Rev.  R.  H.  Weller,  Jr.,  Fond  du  Lac; 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  Jas.  D.  Stanley,  Indiana;  Maj.  Samuel  Mahon, 
Iowa;  Chas.  E.  Brooks,  Indiana;  Rev.  E.  B.  Taylor,  Fond  du 
Lac;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  J.  Faude,  Minneapolis;  W.  H.  Lightner, 
Minnesota;  Rev.  Lucius  Waterman,  D.  D.,  New  Hampshire; 
Matthew  Wilson,  Esq.,  Canada ;  Rev.  Jas.  W.  Keeble,  Arkansas ; 
Rev.  Wm.  Gold,  D.  D.,  Chicago  ;  W.  R.  Butler,  Pennsylvania  ; 
Rev.  John  Brainard,  D.  D.,  New  York  ;  Rev.  James  S.  Stone, 
D.  D.,  Chicago;  Dr.  A.  D.  Holland,  St.  Louis;  M.  C.  Tombler, 
Arkansas ;  Rev.  Clinton  Locke,  D.  D.,  Chicago ;  George  C. 
McWhorton,  New  York  ;  Rev.  Chas.  T.  Olmsted,  D.  D.,  New 
York;  Rev.  W.  H.  Carter,  D.  D.,  Florida;  Dr.  John  S.  Irwin. 
Indiana;  F.  G.  Thomas,  Iowa;  Aquilla  L.  Jones,  Indiana ;  Rev. 
Hugh  L.  Barteson,  Fond  du  Lac;  Gilbert  S.  Wright,  Indiana;  J. 
H.  Brook,  P^sq.,  Canada ;  Rev.  John  Wright,  D.  D.,  and  wife, 
Minnesota;  Mrs.  Scandrett,  Faribault,  Minn.;  Mrs.  Lionssat, 
Baltimore,  Md.  ;  Mrs.  Benerly  Randolph,  Maryland;  Miss  Alice 
Lacy,  Albany;  Mrs.  Frank  H.  Miller;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  H. 
McKim.  Washington;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  M.  Woolworth,  Omaha, 
Neb.;  Miss  Woolworth,  Omaha;  Miss  A.  R.  Loring  ;  Mrs.  R.  H. 
Soule ;  Miss  Cornelia  Jay,  New  York;  Mrs.  Peter  Jav,  New 
York  ;  Miss  H.  D.  Fellows  ;  Mrs.  F.  G.  Seigler  ;  Mrs.  J.  L. 
Trueslow  ;  Miss  E.  E.  Andrews,  Providence,  R.  I.  ;  Mrs.  G.  R. 
Arnold,  Providence,  R.  I.;  Miss  A.  H.  Laight  ;  Miss.  A.  P. 
Jervey  ;  Mrs.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Detroit ;  Miss  Baldwin,  Detroit ; 
Mrs.  Woolcot  ;  Mrs.  Twing,  New  York  ;  Miss  Emery,  New  York  ; 
Miss  Ingalls,  Wiscasset,  Me.;  Mrs.  Parker,  Denver,  Col.;  Mrs. 
Samuel  Cox,  Brooklyn  ;  Miss  Bunker  ;  Miss  Oakley  ;  Mrs.  A. 
B.  Eldridge  ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  B.  Perrv  ;  Miss  Triplet  and  friend  ; 
Mrs.  L.  P.  Clark;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.'  D.  Miller;  Mrs.  Samuel 
Colt  and  two  friends,  Hartford  ;  Miss  Howe,  Pittsburg,  Pa.  ;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  John  Wilks,  Raleigh,  N.  C.  ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  M. 
Banks  ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  P.  White  ;  Miss  White  ;  Miss  Biddle  ;  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  H.  L.  Jones,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa.  ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  E. 
Graves  ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  M.  Curtis  ;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  A.  Renouf, 
Kecne,  N.  H.;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  }.  J.  Goodwin;  Bishop  and  Mrs. 
Davies,  Detroit.  Mich.;  Miss  Davies,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  H.  C.  Parke,  Detroit,  Mich. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  D.  B.  Lyman  ; 
Judge  and  Mrs.  J.  H.  Stiness  ;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  S.  Leffingwell ; 


386  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  R.  Swope ;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  F.  W.  Oakes  ;  Misses 
Causland  and  Leadbeater,  Philadelphia;  Miss  Arnold  ;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  J.  VV.  Reynolds;  Mrs.  S.  V.  R.  Thayer,  Boston;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  J.  N.  Carpenter,  Boston  ;  Miss  Markoe,  Boston  ;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  J.  V.  Merrick,  Boston;  Mrs.  Butler,  Boston;  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  Joseph  Blanchard,  Philadelphia ;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  L. 
Hutchins,  Concord,  Mass.  ;  Miss  Hutchins,  Concord,  Mass. ;  Judge 
and  Mrs.  E.  H.  Bennett,  Taunton,  Mass.;  Miss  Sarah  Wilkinson, 
Minneapolis  ;  Bishop  Whitehead,  Pittsburg  ;  Bishop  Graves,  Japan  ; 
Judge  Isaac  Atwater,  Minneapolis;  Dr.  Elliott,  Washington;  i3ishop 
and  Mrs.  Littlejohn,  Brooklyn  ;  Gov.  King,  Brooklyn  ;  the  Misses 
King,  Brooklyn  ;  Gen.  and  Mrs.  Brown,  Portland,  Ore. ;  Miss 
Brown,  Portland;  Mrs.  W.  L.  Halsey,  Portland;  Mrs.  P.  H. 
Ashbridge  and  friend,  Portland  ;  Mrs.  E.  Roberts  ;  Miss  Rob- 
erts ;  Mrs.  Siousat ;  Mrs.  Beverly  ;  Mrs.  W.  G.  Bolton  ;  Mrs.  Geo. 
Cabot  Ward,  Portland;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Sterling;  A.  D.  Parker; 
Dr.  A.  J.  DeKosset ;  Col.  DeKosset ;  G.  R.  Fairbanks,  South 
Bethlehem,  Pa.  ;  W.  A.  Robinson,  Louisville  ;  Hon.  N.  P. 
Schendt,  Brooklyn  ;  G.  R.  Westfeldt  ;  H.  D.  Forsythe,  New 
Orleans ;  J.  Packard,  Jr.  ;  S.  Wilner,  Baltimore  ;  E.  L.  Davis, 
Worcester  ;  Chas.  G.  Saunders,  Lawrence  ;  Hon.  J.  B.  Winslow, 
Milwaukee;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  P.  Nash,  Dean  and  Mrs.  Hoffman, 
New  York;  Bishop,  Mrs.  and  Miss  Perry,  Iowa;  Bishop 
Walker,  N.  D. ;  Bishop  Graves  ;  Dr.  Francis,  China  ;  Bishop  Kin- 
solving,  Texas;  Bishop  Wingfield,  California;  Bishop  Barker, 
Olympia  ;  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Gray  and  friend,  Florida  ;  Bishop 
Wells,  Spokane  ;  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Talbot  and  daughter,  Wyo- 
ming ;  Bishop  Grafton,  Fond  du  Lac  ;  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Stark ey ; 
Rev.  G.  M.  Christian;  Henry  Hays;  Alfred  Mills,  Newark,  N. 
J.;  Silas  McBee,  North  Carlina;  J.  O.  Moss,  Sandusky,  O. ; 
Samuel  Mather,  Cleveland,  O. ;  Geo.  C.  Thomas,  Philadelphia  ; 
J.  W.  Brown;  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Whitehead,  Pittsburg; 
Bishop  Brewer;  Bishop  Fredrick;  Bishop  W.  A.  Leonard, 
D.  D.;  Rev.  Dr.  Morrison;  Rev.  Dr.  Carey;  Rev.  Dr. 
Spaulding;  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Drowne ;  Rev.  Dr.  Ec- 
cleston;  Rev.  Dr.  Hodges  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Elliot ;  Rev.  Dr.  Prall ;  Rev. 
Dr.  Harris;  Rev.  P.  G.  Robert;  Rev.  F.  B.  Carter;  Rev.  Dr. 
Glazcbrook;  Rev.  Dr.  Huntington;  Rev.  Dr.  Greer;  Rev.  Dr. 
McVickarand  Miss  McVickar;  Rev.  Dr.  Fulton;  Rev.  Dr.  Lang- 
ford  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Jeffries  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Henshaw ;  Rev.  Dr.  Rhodes ; 
Rev.  J.  H.  Ely;  Rev.  Dr.  Taylor  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Davenport  ;  Rev.  Dr. 
Bliss  ;  Rev.  W.  H.  Collins  ;  Rev.  W.  L.  Gethens  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Mann  ; 
Rev.  Robert  Talbot  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Fair ;  Edward  G.  Bradford  ;  Wm. 
Nicoll  ;  Hon.  J.  C.  Davis;  A.  J.  C.  Sowdon  ;  Hon.  Cortlandt 
Parker  ;  Hon.  Hill  Burgwin  ;  John  Stettinius  ;  Hon.  R.  E.  Withers  ; 
Col.  Craighill;  Hon.  J.  M.  Smith,  LL.  D.;  Rev.  Dr.  Porter; 
Rev.  Dr.  Anstice  ;  Col.  Goddard,  Rhode  Island ;  John  N.  Brown, 
Rock  Island  ;  Leroy  King,  Newport ;  Geo.  G.  King,  Newport ; 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  '  3S7 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  Wells,  Vermont;  VV.  W.  Pratt,  Kansas  City; 
Mrs.  Canfield  and  Miss  Canfield,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Horace  E. 
Dening,  South  Woodstock,  Con.;  Bishop  Henry  C.  Potter,  New 
York;  Mrs.  Bishop  Doane,  Albany;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Allen,  Phil- 
adelphia; Miss  Stokes,  Philadelphia;  Mrs.  Cooke,  Philadelphia; 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  Thomas,  Philadelphia;  Mrs.  Neilson,  Philadel- 
phia; Bishop  Burgess,  Bishop  Vincent,  Mrs.  John  Marshall 
Brown,  Robt.  Treat  Paine,  J.  S.  Biddle,  Mrs.  E.  M.  Wilson. 
Of  Minneapolis:  Miss  Wilson,  Hon.  and  Mrs.  W.  D.  Washburn, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Thos.  Lowry,  Hon.  Samuel  R.  Thayer,  ex-Gov- 
and  Mrs.  John  S.  Pillsbury,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Chas.  \.  Pillsbury, 
Mrs.  Gray,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  E.  Gale,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  H. 
Peavey,  Mr.  and.  Mrs.  A.  H.  Linton,  the  Misses  West,  Dr.  and 
Mrs.  Geo.  H.  French,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Will  Wolford,  Miss  Wilbur, 
Miss  Miller,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  S.  King,  Mrs.  Rebecca  Morrison, 
Walter  Morrison,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  F.  T.  Webb,  Miss  Hoyt,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Louis  K.  Hull,  Mr.  and  Fred  Johnson,  Miss  Johnson. 
Ur.  and  Mrs.  H.  H.  Kimball,  Hon.  and  Mrs.  M.  B.  Koon,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  R.  J.  Mendenhall,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  A.  Modisette, 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  P.  Nichols,  Mayor  and  Mrs.  Robt.  Pratt, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carlos  Wilcox,  J.  S.  Bradstreet,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
H.  F.  Brown,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  DeLaittre,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
William  W.  Eastman,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Geo.  H.  Christian,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  E.  C.  Cooke,  Hon.  Loren  Fletcher,  Miss  P'letcher, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  L.  Greenleaf,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  E.  H.  Moulton, 
Miss  Moulton,  Miss  Hance,  Mrs.  H.  G.  Harrison,  Miss  Harrison, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  E.  Haskell,  Mrs.  C.  F.  Hatch,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Samuel  Hill,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  R.  R.  Rand,  Prof.  Maria  L.  San- 
ford,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  E.  Steele,  Miss  Whitmore,  Miss  Annie 
Whitmore,  President  and  Mrs.  Cyrus  Northrop,  Prof,  and  Mrs. 
Wm.  Folwell,  Dean  and  Mrs.  Pattee,  Capt.  and  Mrs.  S.  P. 
Snyder,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Chas.  McC.  Reeve,  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Chas. 
Jordan,  Rev.  A.  Alexander,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Alden  Smith,  Miss 
Gale,  Judge  and  Mrs.  E.  B.  Ames,  Judge  and  Mrs.  Isaac  At- 
water,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  E.  R.  Barber,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hector  Baxter, 
Miss  Barton,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Marion  D.  Shutter,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  W.  G.  Northrup.  Mrs.  Isabel  Marston.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
W.  D.  Washburn,  Jr.,  O.  V.  Tousley,  Miss  Ripley;  Miss  Lead- 
beater  and  Miss  Corsland,  Philadelphia. 


GENERAL  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  reports  presented  to  the  Con- 
'. ention  is  that  of  the  Trustees  of  the  General  Theological 
Seminary,  which  shows  tliat  it  owns  sixty-four  lots  and  buildings 
constituting  Seminary  Block  in  New  York  City,  the  value  of 
which  is    not    given;    thirty-two    lots    on    Central    Block,    value 


Dean  E.  A.  Hoffman,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  389 

^320,000;  twenty-five  lots  on  Wharf  Block  with  Bulkhead,  $280,- 
000,  upon  which  there  is  a  mortgage  to  trust  funds  of  $63,078.78. 
The  trust  funds  are  represented  by  personal  property,  and 
amount  to  $854,266.85. 

Here  follows  a  list  of  gifts  from  forty-three  Dioceses  which 
brings  the  total  sums  owned  by  the  General  Theological  Semi- 
nary, exclusive   of  real  estate,  value   not  given,  to  $1,624,754.43. 

Then  follows  an  amendment  to  the  Constitution  giving  the 
Board  of  Trustees  power  on  specified  conditions  to  remove  the 
dean  and  professors  for  cause. 

Churchmen  everywhere  will  read  with  satisfaction  this  out- 
line of  studies,  in  the  greatest  seminary  in  the  American  Church 
for  the  training  of  its    priesthood. 

III.      INSTRUCTION. 

Important  changes  have  been  made  since  the  last  General 
Con\xntion  in  the  statutes  defining  the  course  of  study,  with  a 
view  to  the  enlargement  of  its  scope  and  increase  of  its  use- 
fulness. The  various  departments  have  been  arranged  as  fol- 
lows: 

1.  T/ie  Hcbreiv  ami  Greek  Languages. 

(a)     The  Knowledge  Necessary  to   the   Intelligent  Study  of 

the  Holy  Scriptures  in  the  original  tongue. 
(d)     Readings  in  the  Septuagint  Version. 
(c)     Readings  in  Patristic  Greek. 

2.  Biblical  Learning. 

(c?)  An  Historical  Account  of  the  different  Books  of  Holy 
Scripture,  and  of  their  admission  into  the  Sacred 
Canon. 

{b)     The  Principles  of  Scriptural  Interpretation. 

(V)  The  Critical  Examination  and  Exegetical  Study  of  the 
Sacred  Writings  in  their  original  texts. 

3.  Dogmatic  Theology. 

(a)  A  Systematic  Exposition  of  the  Catholic  Faith,  as  wit- 
nessed to  by  the  Holy  Scriptures  and  received  by  the 
Church. 

(/;)  A  Particular  View  of  the  Teaching  of  the  Anglican  and 
American  Churches,  as  distinguished  from  that  of  the 
Church  of  Rome  and  the  various  Protestant  Com- 
munions. 

4.  Ecclesiastical  History. 

{a)     The  Church  down  to  the  Age  of  Charlemagne. 
(/7)     The  Middle  Ages. 


390  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

(c)  The  Reformation,  with  special  reference  to  the  position 

of  the  Anglican  Church. 

(d)  The  Church  in  the  United  States  of  America. 

5.  Ecclesiastical  Polity  and  Lazv. 

(a)     The  Divine  Constitution  of  the  Church. 
(/;)     The  Principles  of  Ecclesiastical  Polity, 
(r)     General  Canon  Law. 

{(/)  Constitution  and  Canons  of  the  Church  in  the  United 
States. 

6.  Evidences  of  Revealed  Religion. 

[a)     The  Need,  Nature,  and  Scope  of  Revelation 

(/;)     The    Authenticity,    Genuineness,    and    Authority  of   the 

Books  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments. 
(<f)     The  Inspiration  of  the  Holy  Scriptures. 
{d)     The  External  and  Internal  Evidences  of  Christianity. 

7.  Pastoral  Theology. 

(a)  Homiletics,  including  the  Composition  and  Delivery  of 
Sermons,  with  the  proper  rendering  of  the  Church 
Services. 

(/?)  Duties  of  the  Pastoral  Ofifice,  with  Parochial  Organiza- 
tion and  Administration. 

(r)  Liturgies,  with  a  History  and  Explanation  of  the  Prayer 
Book  of  the  Church  in  the  United  States. 

8.  Moral  Theology  and   Christian  PJiilosophy . 

{a)     The  Distinctive  Principles  of   Moral  Theology. 
(/;)     Moral  Theology  in  its  application  to — 

(i)     The  Regulation  of  the  Individual   Man's  Life  and 
Conduct. 

(2)  The    Solution    of    Contemporaneous  Social,   Eco- 

nomical and  Political  Questions. 

(3)  The  Decision  of  Cases  of  Conscience, 
(r)     The  Philosophical  Basis  of  Theism  and   Ethics. 
{d)     Special  Studies  in  the  History  of  Philosophy: 

(i)     The    Early    Contact    of   Christianity  with    Greek 
Thought. 

(2)  The  Philosophy  of  the  Schoolmen. 

(3)  The'  Relation  of    Empirical    Philosophy  towards 

the  Catholic  Faith  in  England,  since  the    time 
of  John  Locke. 

9.  Oriental  Languages, 
(a)     I  ndo- Iranian. 

(i)     Sanskrit. 
(2)     Avestan. 
(If)     Semitic. 

(i)     Assyrian. 
(2)     Arabic. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  39I 

(3)  Syriac. 

(4)  Chaldee. 

(5)  Ethiopian. 

(6)  Samaritan, 
(r)     Coptic. 

10.      Ecclesiastical  Music. 

{a)     The  Cultivation  and  Development  of  the  Voice. 
(/'')     The  Theory  and  Practice  of  Singing  at  Sight, 
(r)     The  History  of  Music  with  the  Characteristics  of  Mod- 
ern Ecclesiastical  Music, 
(c/)         (i)     The  aim  and  right  use  of  Music  in  the  Church's 
Worship. 
(2)     The  Conduct  and  Administration  of  Choirs. 

The  Chair  of  Moral  Theology  and  Christian  Philosophy, 
strange  to  say,  is  believed  to  be  the  first  that  has  been  estab- 
lished in  any  of  our  Divinity  Schools.  It  was  constituted  at 
the  unanimous  request  of  the  Faculty,  and  will  prove  a  very 
valuable  addition  to  the  instruction  given  in  the  Seminary. 
The  Chair  has  been  filled  at  a  meeting  of  the  Trustees,  held 
September  24,  1895,  ^Y  the  election  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Charles 
Theodore  Seibt,  late  Professor  of  Moral  Theology  and  Christian 
Evidences,  Kenyon  College,  Gambler,  Ohio. 

The  Department  of  Biblical  Learning  has  been  divided  by 
assigning  the  literature  and  interpretation  of  the  New  Testament 
to  the  Professor  of  Biblical  Learning,  and  changing  the  title  of 
the  Chair,  and  establishing  a  new  professorship,  entitled  "The 
Professorship  of  the  Literature  and  Interpretation  of  the  Old 
Testament."  The  course  of  instruction  in  these  departments 
to  be: 

Department  of  Literature   and  Literpretation   of  the  Old  Testament. 

(c?)  An  Historical  Account  of  the  Books  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment,   and  of  their  admission  into  the  Sacred  Canon. 

{U)  The  Principles  of  the  Interpretation  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment. 

(r)  The  Critical  and  Exegetical  Study  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment Scriptures  in  the  original  text,  and  the  Integ- 
rity, Authenticity,  Style  and  Credibility  of  the  same. 

Department  of  the  Literature  and  Lntcrpretation  of  the  Nezu  Testa- 
fuent. 

{a)     An   Historical  Account  of  the  Books  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment and  of  their  admission  into  the  Sacred   Canon. 
(/-')     The  Principles  of  the  Interpretation  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment. 
{e)     The  Critical    and    P^xcgetical   Study  of  the  New    Testa- 
ment Scriptures  in  the  original  text. 


392  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Chair  of  the  Literature  and  Interpretation  of  the  Old 
Testament  was  filled  May  15,  1S94,  by  the  election  of  the  Rev. 
Charles  William  Edward'Body,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  late  Provost  of 
Trinit}^  University,  Toronto,  Canada,  who  entered  upon  its  duties 
in  the  following  September. 

At  the  same  meeting  of  the  Board  the  Rev.  Theodore 
Myers  Riley,  D.  D.,  late  Professor  of  Ecclesiastical  History  in 
Nashotah  Divinity  School,  was  elected  Adjunct  Professor  of 
Pastoral  Theology.  This  was  rendered  necessary  in  consequence 
of  the  additional  work  laid  on  a  department  already  overbur- 
dened by  the  largely  increased  number  of  students. 

The  Alumni  Professorship  of  the  P^idences  of  Revealed 
Religion  is  vacant  in  consequence  of  the  refusal  of  the  Associ- 
ate Alumni  to  nominate  under  the  new  statute  which  requires 
it  to  be  a  permanent  professorship.  The  Board  of  Trustees,  in 
the  hope  that  an  agreement  satisfactory  to  both  parties  might 
be  reached,  referred  the  matter  to  its  Standing  Committee,  with 
full  power  to  arrange  the  matter  with  the  Alumni  Association, 
but  the  Association  preferred  to  appeal  to  the  Civil  Courts, 
where  the  question  is  still  under  consideration.  In  the  mean- 
time the  Trustees,  in  order  that  the  students  might  not  be  de- 
prived of  instruction  in  this  important  department,  elected  the 
Rev.  Philander  Kinney  Cady,  D.  D.,  Professor  of  the  Evidences 
of  Revealed  Religion,  to  continue  as  such  during  the  pleasure 
of  the  Board. 

By  appointment,  the  Rev.  Jocelyn  Johnstone,  M.  A.,  acted 
as  Tutor  in  Greek  and  Hebrew  during  the  Academical  year 
1892-3,  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Hugh  Latimer  Burleson, 
M.  A.,  B.  D.,  during  1893-4.  Since  Mr.  Burleson's  resignation 
the  duties  have  been  performed  by  the  Rev.  Charles  Norman 
Shepard,   M.  A.,  who  holds  the  John  H.  Talman  P>llowship. 

During  the  last  three  years  two  of  the  Professors  have 
departed  this  life— the  Rev.  Samuel  Buel,  D.  D.,  on  the  31st  of 
December,  1892,  in  the  seventy-eighth  year  of  his  age  ;  and  the 
Rev.  William  p:rnest  Eigenbrodt,  D.  D.,  on  the  4th  of  November, 
1894,  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-one  years. 

Dr.  Buel  occupied  the  Chair  of  Systematic  Divinity  and 
Dogmatic  Theology  with  exemplary  learning  and  fidelity  for 
seventeen  years  ;  and  Dr.  Eigenbrodt  for  twenty-seven  years 
most  faithfully  discharged  the  duties  of  the  Chair  of  Pastoral 
Theology.  They  were  both  retired  in  1888  in  consequence  of 
the  increasing  infirmities  of  age,  and  each  of  them  was  made 
Professor  Emeritus  by  the  unanimous  vote  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees.  Their  memory  will  always  be  cherished  by  the 
Seminary  to  whose  reputation  they  contributed  so  largely,  and 
by  the  yMumni  whose  character  they  did  so  much  to  mould. 
To  Dr.  I':igenbrodt  the  Seminary  is  also  indebted  for  a  most 
munificent  legacy. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  393 

The  Bishop  Paddock  Lectureship  continues  its  valuable 
services  to  the  students,  and,  by  the  publication  of  the  lectures, 
to  the  Church  at  large.  The  following  lectures  have  been 
delivered  during  the  past  three  years: 

"The  Repose  of  the  Blessed  Dead,"  by  the  Rt.  Rev.  A. 
Cleveland  Coxe,  D.  D.,  L.  L.  D.,  Bishop  of  Western  New  York. 

"The  Permanent  Value  of  the  Book  of  Genesis  as  an  Integral 
Part  of  Divine  Revelation,"  by  the  Rev.  C.  W.  li.  Body,  D.  D., 
D.  C.   L.,  Provost  of  Trinity  University,  Toronto,  Canada. 

"The  Influence  of  Philosophy  and  Logic  on  the  Revealed 
Facts  of  Christian  Redemption,"  by  the  Rev.  Robert  B.  Fair- 
bairn,  D.  D.,  L.  L.  D.,  Warden  of  St.  Stephen's  College, 
Annandale,   N.  Y. 

The  students  have  also  been  favored  with  addresses  from  the 
following  Bishops  and  Presbyters  : 

The    Rt.    Rev.    F.    T.    Churton,    D.    D.,   Lord 

Bishop  of  Nassau. 
The    Rt.    Rev.    William     F.    Nichols,    D.    D., 
Bishop  of  California,  on  the  Mission  Field 
in  his  Diocese. 
The  Rt.   Rev.  B.  Wistar  Morris,  D.  D.,  Bishop 

of  Oregon,  on  Mission  Work  in  Oregon. 

The  Rt.   Rev.  W.  A.  Hare,  D.  D.,   Missionary 

Bishop  of  South  Dakota,  on  his  Visits    to 

China  and   |apan. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  L.   H.  Wells,   D.   D.,  Missionary 

Bishop  of  Spokane,  on  W'ork  in  Spokane. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  C.  K.  Nelson,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of 

Georgia,  on  Work  among  the  Negroes. 

The  Rt. 'Rev.  C.  C.  Penick,  D.   D.,    on    Work 

among  the  Colored  People   of   the    South. 

2         "  "         The  Rt.  Rev.  H.  M.  Thompson,  D.  D.,  D.  C. 

L.,  Bishop  of  Mississippi,  on  Mission  Work. 

Oct.,  "         The  Rt.  Rev.  A.  C.  A.  Hall,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of 

Vermont. 
Nov.,        "         The  Rt.  Rev.  Thos   F.  Gailor,  D.  D.,  Assistant 
Bishop  of  Tennessee. 
"  "         The  Rt.  Rev.  Abiel  Leonard,  D.  D.,  Missionary 

Bishop  of  Nevada  and  Utah. 
"  "         The     Rt.     Rev.     Francis    K.    Brooke,    D.    D., 

Missionary  Bishop  of  Oklahoma. 
14  Jan.,       1895.     The  Rt.  Rev.  Isaac  L.  Nicholson,  D.  D.,  Bishop 

of  Milwaukee. 
24      "  "         The  Rt.  Rev.  Frederick  Courtney.  D.  D.,  Lord 

Bishop  of  Nova  Scotia. 
18   Feb..         "         The  Rt.   Rev.  A.  Cleveland  Coxe,  D.  D.,  L.  L. 
D.,  Bishop  of  Western  New  York. 


30  Sept., 

1892 

2  Nov., 

" 

6  Feb., 

1S93 

I    March, 

11 

18  April, 

" 

9  Nov., 

II 

I    March, 

1894 

28  Feb., 

1895. 

3  Oct., 

1S92, 

30  Nov., 

" 

6  Dec, 

" 

394  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  \V.  M.  Barker,  D.  D.,  JMissionary 

Bishop  of  Western  Colorado. 
The    Rev.     ].    O.    S.    Huntington,    on    "The 
Ministry;    a    plea    for    a    broader    field    of 
Mission  Priests." 
The    Rev.    F.    L.    H.    Pott,    on    "The  China 

Mission." 
The    Rev.    W.    C.    Winslow,    D.    D.,    etc..    on 
"  Recent  Discoveries   in    Egypt,    and   their 
bearing  on  Old  Testament  Histor}-." 
24  Jan.,        iSQj-     The  Rev.  W.  \V.   Moir,  on    Mission    Work    in 

Colorado. 
24       "  "         The  Rev.  W.  W.  Lo\e,  on  Mission    Work    in 

Wyoming  and  Idaho. 
The    Rev.    R.    E.    Dennison,    on      "  Working 
Men's  Clubs." 
"         The  Rev.   Hugh  L.    Burleson,    on    the    Oneida 

Indians. 
"         The  Rev.   Flovd  W.  Tomkins,  on  Citv  ^Mission 
Work. 
1894.     The    Rev.    Irving  Johnson,   on   the   Associate 
Mission  at   Omaha. 
The  Rev.  John  W.  Chapman,  on  Alaska. 
"         The    Rev.   J.    Nevett   Steele,    INIus.    Doc,    on 

Church  Music. 
"         The  Rev.   Herbert  Sowerby.  on  China. 

The    Rev.    August     Llmann,     on     the     Ober 
Ammergau    Passion    Pla}'.    illustrated     by 
stereopticon  views. 
The  Rev.  George  R.  Van  DeWater.  D.  D. 
The  Rev.  C.  N.  Field.  S.  S.  J.  E.,  Boston,  Mass. 
"         The  Rev.  W.  Wilkinson,  Rector  of  St.  Andrew's 
Church,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
4  March,   1895.     The    Rev.    Yung    Klung    Yen,    Missionary    at 
Shanghai,   China. 
20         "  "         The  Rev.   David  Griffin  Gunn.    Missionary    at 

Oklahoma  City. 
4  April,        "         1  he  Rev.  L.  B.  Ridgeley,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 
23         "  "         The    Rev.   Wm.    Chauncey    Langdon,  D.    D., 

Providence.  R.  I. 
14  Nov.,       1892.     Charles  D.  Kellogg,  on  "Organized  Charity." 
20  Dec,         "         Prince    Momalo    Massaquii,    King  of    Sabrato, 
on  his  Native  Country. 

In  addition  to  these  addresses,  the  students  have  each  year 
enjoyed  the  privilege  of  two  Quiet  Davs,  conducted  bv  the 
Bishops  of  New  York  and  Montana,  and' the  Verv  Rev.  W'ilford 
L.  Robbins,  D.  D.,  Dean  of  Albany. 


1 1 

April, 

24 

Oct.. 

16 

Nov., 

15 

Jan., 

19 

18 

Feb., 

6 

March. 

19 

27 

5 

April. 
Dec. 

11 

ti 

HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  395 

Forty-eight  Bishops  had  been  students  in  this  Seminary, 
beside  a  long  list  of  clergymen  who  have  done  noble  service 
in  all  departments  of  Church  work,  both  at  home  and  abroad. 
There  are  at  present  138  students,  and  there  would  be  a  larger 
number  if  there  were  more  rooms  in  which  to  accommodate  ap- 
plicants. 

4,157  books  have  been  added  to  the  library  since  the  last 
report,  and  the  total  number  of  books  on  the  catalogue  is 
25,900.  The  Rev.  Dean  Hoffman  and  Mr.  Cornelius  Vanderbilt 
bought  and  gave  the  unique  and  valuable  Copinger  Collection 
of  Latin  Bibles.  This  collection,  with  the  additions  which  have 
been  made  to  it,  numbers  about  two  thousand  volumes.  It  is 
the  largest,  if  not  the  most  v^auable,  collection  of  Latin  Bibles 
to  be  found  in  any  one  library  in  the  world.  It  exceeds  the 
number  of  editions  in  the  British  Museum  by  nearly  one  hundred, 
and  contains  several  hundred  more  than  are  to  be  found  in  the 
Bodleian  Library  in  Oxford,  or  the  University  Library  in  Cam- 
bridge. But  the  value  of  the  collection  does  not  consist  alone 
in  the  number  of  the  editions,  but  in  the  fact  that  many  of 
them  are  extremely  rare,  and  some  of  them  absolutely  unique, 
no  other  copy  being  known  to  exist.  In  nearly  every  instance 
the  books  are  in  excellent  preservation.  Many  of  them  are  in 
the  curious  original  bindings,  with  the  metal  bosses  and  silver 
clasps;  sometimes  with  leather  tags  to  facilitate  turning  over 
the  pages  and  protect  the  edges  of  the  leaves;  some  have  been 
rebound,  and  a  few  are  in  cardboard  backs.  The  older  editions 
show  the  development  and  growth  of  the  art  of  printing,  whilst 
the  sixteenth  century  editions  demonstrate  the  learning,  piety, 
patience,  and  care  which  have  been  brought  to  bear  on  the 
Word  of  God,  display  the  basis  on  which  rest  many  of  the 
various  sects  of  Christendom,  and  throw  light  on  e\'ery  phase 
of  theological  life. 

This  collection,  which  has  been  described  as  "the  most 
valuable  literary  treasure  that  this  country  has  ever  received," 
and  in  reference  to  which  the  London  "Church  Times"  says, 
"The  American  Church  may  well  be  congratulated  on  the 
acquisition  of  a  collection  whose  simple  possession  is  an  honor, 
and  in  certain  directions  even  a  valuable  incentive  to  the  study 
of  the  modern  history  of  the  Bible,"  has  been  placed  in  the 
room  in  Hobart  Hall  formerly  occupied  by  the  archives  of  the 
General  Convention,  where  it  will  be  carefully  preserved,  and 
access  permitted  to  it,  under  proper  restrictions,  to  all  who 
wish  to  consult  it.  It  is  hoped  that  in  this  way  this  inestim- 
able bibliographical  treasure  will  prove  of  the  greatest  value, 
not  only  to  the  General  Theological  Seminary,  but  to  all  biblical 
scholars  in  this  country. 

There  have  also  been  added  to  the  Latin  Bibles  several 
hundred  editions  of  the  Greek  Testament. 


396  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

VII.        GIFTS   AND    LEGACIES. 

The  Trustees  are  again  able  to  report  a  number  of  valuable 
gifts  and  legacies,  which  have  materially  aided  the  Seminary 
and  enabled  "it  to  extend  its  work  and  usefulness. 

The  Professorship  of  Dogmatic  Theology  has  been  endowed 
by  a  gift  of  $75,000  from   Mrs.  E.  A.   Hoffman. 

Three  fellowships  have  been  endowed  by  a  legacy  of  S23,- 
943.49  from  Miss  Emma    Carrington   Mayo,    of  Elizabeth,  N.  J. 

The  executors  of  the  'late  George  A.  Jarvis  of  Brooklyn 
have  paid  $38,492.73  on  account  of  the  legacy  from  the  residuary 
portion  of  his  estate. 

Twenty  thousand  dollars  have  been  added  to  the  Samuel 
Verplanck  Hoffman  Foundation,  increasing  the  fund  for  the 
support  of  future  Deans  to  $150,000. 

Five  thousand  dollars  have  been  given  to  complete  the 
professors'  houses  on  the  site  of  the  old  East  Building. 

Two  new  scholarships  have  been  founded  and  endowed, 
viz.:  by  Mrs.  Charles  D.  Smith,  $5,000;  Miss  Amelia  R.  Nor- 
ris,  $2,500. 

Miss  Ja)'  has  provided  for  the  further  continuance  of  the 
Pierre  Jay  Prize  for  the  best  essay  on  "The  Motives  for  Foreign 
Missions"  by  a  gift  of  $600. 

Our  constant  benefactor,  the  Society  for  Promoting  Religion 
and  Learning  in  the  State  of  New  York,  has  given  $3,000 
for  the  purchase  of  books  for  the  Library,  and  has  provided 
each  year  $3,500  towards  the  payment  of  the  salaries  of  the 
professors. 

In  addition  to  this,  there  should  be  noted  the  very  valuable 
collection  of  Latin  Bibles  and  Greek  Testaments  presented  to 
the  Library,  already  alluded  to  in  this  report. 

Large  as  these  gifts  are,  it  must  not  be  taken  for  granted 
that  they  are  sufficient  for  the  needs  of  the  Seminary.  The 
increasing  number  of  students  only  adds  to  the  annual  expenses, 
as  the  tuition  is  free  and  the  charge  made  does  not  cover 
the  cost  of  their  board.  Three  professorships  have  no  endow- 
ment, and  three  others  are  only  partially  endowed.  There  is 
no  provision  made  for  the  current  expenses  or  for  the  increase 
of  the  Library.  More  scholarships  to  aid  indigent  students  are 
urgcntly^  needed,  and,  as  has  already  been  stated,  the  refectory 
and  additional  dormitories  must  be  built  unless  we  are  content 
to  refuse  many  students  applying  for  admission.  This  year 
we  had  applications  from  sixteen  young  men  for  whom  we 
had  no  rooms. 

VIII.        SEMINARY    CONFERENCES. 

Among  the  signs  of  encouragement  should  be  noted  the 
annual  conferences  of  representatives  of  the  Theological  Sem- 
inaries of  our  Church  in  this  country  which  have  been  held  in 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  397 

Easter  week  the  last  three  years.  The  first  took  place  in  New 
York;  the  second  in  Philadelphia;  the  third  in  Cambridge. 
They  were  all  largely  attended,  and  were  very  helpful  to  those 
engaged  in  the  responsible  work  of  Theological  Education. 
The  last  ventured  to  suggest  a  modification  in  the  subjects 
specified  in  the  proposed  new  Canons  for  the  examination  of 
candidates  applying  for  ordination. 

IX.        CONCLUSION. 

The  trustees  cannot  close  this  report  without  congratulating 
the  seminary  on  the  prosperous  condition  and  promisings  of 
the  General  Theological  Seminary  under  its  care.  Never  before 
in  its  history  has  its  equipment  and  its  work  been  more  sub- 
stantial, never  before  has  the  spirit  of  progress  been  a  more 
potent  influence  in  its  administration.  Ever  since  the  present 
Dean  assumed  the  executive  office  the  improvement  has  been 
continuous.  Through  his  judicious  management,  his  untiring 
effort,  and,  not  the  least,  his  own  generous  sacrifices,  the  prop- 
erty of  the  Seminary  has  been  redeemed,  the  finances  strength- 
ened, the  endowment  increased,  and  the  working  equipment 
perfected;  the  department  of  instruction  has  been  re-ordered, 
its  offices  increased,  and  its  forces  organized;  the  work  of  the 
students  has  improved,  and  the  standard  of  education  been 
raised.  The  institution,  as  it  is  to-day,  is  one  in  which  American 
Churchmen  may  justly  feel  pride.  The  General  Seminary  of 
the  Church  ought  to  be  an  object  of  special  interest  to  every 
member  of  that  body,  and  we  do  not  doubt  that  a  knowledge 
of  its  present  progress  would  call  forth  unhesitating  approval 
from  every  side;  nor  that  the  Church,  if  it  is  but  informed  of 
all  that  has  been  done,  and  of  the  growing  demands  upon  its 
General  Theological  Seminary,  will  make  it  its  loving  care,  and 
that  those  who  have  it  in  their  power  to  forward  the  work  by 
contributions  of  money  will  esteem  it  a  privilege  to  do  what 
the}'  can  to  secure  its  greater  success  and  prosperity. 

Respectfully  submitted  on  behalf  of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

T.  Stafford  Browne, 

New  York,  October  2,   1895.  -Secretary. 

Tlie  trustees  might  have  said  much  more  about  the  work 
and  worth  of  the  Rev.  Dean  E.  A.  Hoffman,  D.  D.  He  is  a 
man  whom  to  know  is  to  love,  a  man  of  strong  character,  up- 
right in  all  his  ways,  a  man  of  learning  and  wide  experience 
enriched  by  travel  in  many  lands,  a  very  good  administrator, 
and  an  incessant  worker,  a  Churchman  of  strong  convictions, 
who  has  given  the  best  years  of  his  life  without  pa}-  to  all  the 
interests  of  the  General    Seminary.       Nor    is    this    all  ;    he    has 


398  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

given  very  largely  of  his  wealth  to  the  Seminary,  and  to  many 
other  good  works  in  which  the  Church  is  engaged.  It  would 
not  be  easy  to  find  a  nobler  example  of  what  the  grace  of  God 
in  Jesus  Christ  can  make  a  man  than  the  Very  Rev.  E.  A. 
Hoffman,  Dean  of  the  General  Theological  Seminary,  New  York. 
Such  a  man  must  draw  to  him  men  noble  in  gift,  rich  in  all 
that  goes  to  make  a  minister  strong;  and  so  the  professors  are 
men  of  power,  and  the  graduates  in  large  numbers  men  of 
mark.  I  have  often  been  thrilled  with  the  influence  of  the  semi- 
nary life  and  worship  as  I  have  seen  it  in  Chelsea  Square. 


BISHOPS  WHIPPLE  AND  GILBERT'S  RECEPTION. 

Bishops  Whipple  and  Gilbert  gave  a  reception  at  the  West 
Hotel  on  the  evening  of  Thursday  the  3rd.  The  hotel  is  one 
of  the  largest  in  the  United  States,  and  one  of  the  best  managed; 
Col.  John  T.  West,  owner,  and  Mr.  Gray,  the  manager,  from 
the  first  moment  the  members  of  the  Convention  and  visitors 
began  to  arrive  to  the  last  day  of  their  stay,  left  no  work 
undone  and  no  care  untaken  which  could  add  to  the  pleasure 
and  comfort  of  each  and  all  who  lived  with  them  or  who  had 
business  at  the  West.  Men  like  Mr.  J.  N.  Brown,  and  Mr. 
Robert  Treat  Paine,  ladies  like  Mrs.  Colt,  of  Hartford,  Mrs. 
Hoffman,  of  New  York,  all  said  they  had  never  stayed  at  any 
hotel  where  all  arrangements  had  been  more  nearly  perfect  or 
satisfactory.  On  the  night  of  the  reception  the  West  was 
flooded  with  soft,  warm  light.  At  eight  o'clock  the  guests 
began  to  arrive  in  carriages  of  every  description;  they  came  in 
very  large  numbers  from  St.  Paul.  No  words  of  praise  can  be 
too  warm  to  describe  the  attitude  of  St.  Paul  people  towards 
the  Convention.  Not  alone  was  it  Church  people,  but  the  very 
best  residents  there,  in  every  walk  of  life,  took  deep  and  loving 
interest  in  all  that  was  done,  and  they  gave  a  thousand  dollars 
in  cash  to  the  fund  for  paying  the  expenses  of  the  Convention, 
Everyone  who  had  oflficial  connection  with  arrangements  on 
behalf  of  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota  was  at  the  Hotel  to  in- 
troduce the  guests  one  to  another. 

The  Committee  receiving  in  the  main  parlor  were:  Bishop 
Whipple,  wearing  his  purple  biretti;    Bishop  and    Mrs.    Gilbert, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  3^ 

Mrs.  H.  A.  Scandrett,  daughter  of  Bishop  Whipple  ;  Mrs.  Win- 
throp  Young;  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Harry  P.  Nichols;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
George  Porter;  Mrs.  Will  Steele;  Mrs.  C.  McC.  Reeve;  Mrs. 
Louis  K.  Hull;  Mrs.  George  H.  Christian;  Mrs.  F.  T.  Webb; 
Mrs.  G.  M.  Yates  ;  Mrs.  Harcourt  Horn  ;  Mrs.  F.  B.  Bass  and 
Mrs.  Dr.  Wright,  of  St.  Paul. 

These  all  greeted  a  constant  stream  of  people,  more  than 
two  thousand  in  number.  Many  had  come  long  distances  to  see 
the  famous  men  and  women,  who  it  was  known,  would  be  present. 
The  learned  ecclesiastic  laid  aside  the  gravity  of  his  manner, 
the  Bishops  forgot  for  a  time  that  they  were  men  of  distinction, 
and  the  busy  business  men  their  care.  Ladies  of  the  highest 
eminence  in  the  social  world,  and  in  the  religious  world,  laid 
aside  much  of  the  formality  which  marks  events  of  less  impor- 
tance, and  social  intercourse  such  as  distinguishes  souls  on  virtue 
and  goodness  bent  was  the  order  of  the  evening  ;  the  whole 
scene  was  one  which  made,  for  a  little  while,  the  sadness  of 
earth  take  flight,  and  joy  spring  in  its  path  with  all  attendant 
good.  The  parlors  were  exquisitely  decorated  with  plants  and 
flowers,  palms  and  roses.  The  orchestra  was  in  the  moorish 
recess  of  the  main  corridor.  From  the  list  following,  which 
contains  a  small  number  of  names  of  persons  present,  it  will 
be  seen  how  representatives  of  all  that  is  best,  both  in  Church 
and  in  State,  in  religious,  philanthropic,  social,  commercial, 
legislative  and  executive,  this  reception  was: 

Hon.  George  F.  Edmunds,  Vermont;  J.  Pierpont  Morgan, 
New  York  City;  G.  H.  Browning,  New  York  City;  R.  H.  J. 
Goddard,  Rhode  Island;  Rev.  Dr.  Elliot,  Washington,  D.  C; 
Dr.  Albert  Lefifingwell,  Chicago;  Hill  Burgwin,  Pittsburg;  George 
C.  Burgwin,  Pittsburg;  Henry  P.  Burgwin,  Florida;  Mrs.  Ruffin 
Hill,  Miss  Annie  Roulahac  and  Mrs.  Margaret  Nelson, 
North  Carolina;  Emery  Cobb,  Kankakee,  111.;  G,  H.  Morgan, 
United  States  Army;  Rev.  Dr.  Dresser  and  wife,  Springfield; 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  R.  R.  Swope,  Wheeling,  W.  Va.;  Robert  Treat 
Paine,  Boston;  Rev.  Dr.  Green,  St.  Louis;  Bishop  John  Hazen 
White,  Indiana;  Col.  and  Mrs.  F.  M.  Thornton.  Benson,  Minn.; 
R.  A.  Sibley,  Rochester,  N.  Y.;  E.  L.  Temple,  Rutland,  Vt.; 
Rev.  J.  M.  V.  King,  Hastings;  Rev.  C.  L.  Mallory,  Delevan, 
Wis.;  Walter  N.  Wells,  Delevan,  Wis.;  Mrs.  C.  D.  Hastings, 
Valley  City,  Dakota;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  P.  Wallastum,  Fairmont; 
Mrs.  Fowler,  Rochester,  Minn.;  Bishop  Cheshire,  North  Caro- 
lina; Archdeacon  Duncan,  Louisiana;  John  S.  Lindsay,  Boston; 
W.  C.  Haines,  Cheyenne;  Bishop  Perry,  Iowa;  Rev.  Dr.  W^alker, 


400 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


Wisconsin;  Rev.  Frank  Durant,  Chadron,  Neb.;  Rev.  Dr.  I. 
Bliss,  Burlint,^ton,  Vt.;  W.  H.  Robinson  and  wife,  Louisville; 
Miss' Shelton'' Rockland,  Me.;  Miss  Stanwood,  Portland,  Me.; 
Dr  and  Mrs.  Green,  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa;  Rev.  R.  H.  Gesner 
and  wife.  Dr.  Cooke,  Manchester;  Mrs.  Bishop  Leonard,  Bishop 
Nichols,  Rev.  Dr.  Douglass,  Louisville;  Mrs.  Prindle,  Duluth; 
Miss  Hoppin,  Columbus;  Mrs.  Col.  Lounsbury,  Mrs.  Asa  Fisher, 


!»|lfei|^r 


r ' 


f^k^M 


West  Hotel,  Minneapolis. 

W.  p.  Perkins,  Bismarck;  Rev,  E.  E.  Mathews,  Erie,  Pa.;  Miss 
Warnock,  Gait,  Ont.;  Mrs.  Marion  Buckley,  Chicago;  Bishop 
Vincent,  Bishop  Millspaugh,  Bishop  Burgess,  Bishop  and  Mrs. 
Littlejohn,  Mrs.  Lockwood,  St.  Louis;  Sister  Hannah,  Denver; 
Mrs.  C.  D.  Hastings,  Boston;  E.  G.  Hinrich,  Waco,  Texas; 
Rev.  C.  N.  Bcckwith,  Galveston;  Rev.  F.  Page,  Waco,  Texas; 
Rev.  G.  L.  Crockett,  St.  Augustine;  Thomas  Cranage,  Bay  City, 
Mich.;    Dr.  Henry    L.   Jones,   Wilkesbarre,    Pa.;    Judge    North, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  4OI 

Columbus,  Pa.;  Hon.  Rodney  Mercur,  Towanda,  Pa.;  Mrs.  Bald- 
win, Red  Wing;  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Leonard;  Mrs.  J.  P.  McClel- 
land, Miss  McClelland,  Miss  Bamber,  Rochester;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Henry  Wells,   Vermont. 

FROM     MINNEAPOLIS. 

Among  the  prominent  local  people  present  were  the  follow- 
ing: 

J.  C.  Potter,  P.  C.  Clarendon,  B.  F.  Beardsley,  S.  J.  Beardsley, 
Walter  S.  Booth,  Hector  Baxter,  Dr.  A.  P.  Williamson,  E.  H. 
Holbrook  and  daughter,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  G.  Bigelow,  Mrs.  W. 
K.  Jones,  Miss  Marian  Jones,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  L.  Chapman,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  A.  M.  Eddy,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  H.  Runge  and  daugh- 
ter, Dr.  and  Mrs.  C.  W.  Putnam,  Geo.  F.  Edwards,  Mrs.  E.  H. 
Ferris,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  H.  Ritchie,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Grove,  J.  W. 
Beebe,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  H.  Long,  F.  W.  Chamberlain  and  wife, 
Col.  G.  O.  Eddy,  J.  J.  Ankeny,  Dr.  and  Mrs.  W.  W.  Folwell, 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  March,  E.  S.  Gaylord  and  wife,  Mrs.  M.  D.  Shut- 
ter, Hon.  and  Mrs.  W.  E.  Johnson,  W.  D.  Pattee,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
W.  E.  Steele,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Day  Smith,  Louis  K.  Hull, 
Capt.  and  Mrs.  Reno  and  daughter,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fred  Farring- 
ton,  A.  H.  Hall,  Dr.  W.  D.  Lawrence,  Dr.  and  Mrs.  C.  L.  Wells 
and  daughter.  Rev.  Thomas  McClarey,  Rev.  Dr.  Tuttle,  Dr.  and 
Mrs.  Jabez  Brooks,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Geo.  R.  Newell,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
C.  H.  Childs,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Wm.  Wilkinson,  Misses  Mabel 
and  Sarah  Wilkinson,  W.  E.  Haskell,  Rev.  Frederick  Remington, 
Rev.  F.  T.  Webb,  Theodore  Wetmore,  W.  B.  Folds,  W.  E. 
Hempsted,  A.  J.  Odgen,  J.  M.  L.  McDonald,  Thomas  Turlock, 
James  Johns,  C.  A.  Leycraft,  Mrs.  J.  N.  Payne,  Miss  Lizzie 
Payne,  P.  H.  Litchfield  and  wife.  Dr.  C.  H.  Hunter  and  wife, 
Winthrop  Young,  W.  B.  Tuttle  and  wife,  Jas.  C.  Young  and 
wife,  H.  K.  Sidle  and  wife,  Thos.  Rogers,  Mrs.  E.  H.  Tucker, 
Mrs.  Scandrett  and  two  daughters,  Geo.  A.  McDougall  and 
wife.  Miss  McDougall,  Mrs.  Set  Morgan,  Mrs.  S.  B,  Lovejoy, 
R.  W.  Wheclock,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Foster,  Dr.  Geo.  F.  French,  W. 
C.  Edgar  and  wife,  Geo.  Higgins  and  wife,  Dr.  Hutchins  and 
wife,  Mrs.  A.  B.  Coe,  Mrs.  E.  C.  Coe,  H.  Hinkel  and  wife, 
Mrs.  J.  P.  McClelland,  C.  J.  Gutgesell  and  wife.  Col.  McC. 
Reeve,  L.  C.  W^eitzel  and  wife,  S.  J.  Bigelow  and  wife,  Mrs.  Ida 
Smart,  Mrs.  F.  E.  Trasher,  Mrs.  Helen  Moore,  J.  P.  Hill  and 
wife,  Mrs.  W^  H.  Jacoby,  J.  S.  Job  and  wife,  W.  H.  Gibson 
and  wife,  C.  M.  Farrington  and  wife,  T.  Saeger. 

FROM    ST.    PAUL. 

St.  Paul  sent  a  goodly  company,  among  many  being  the  fol- 
lowing prominent  people: 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Paris  Fletcher,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  H.  Ames, 
Col.  and  Mrs.   Bend,    R.    Edwin    Rider,    Allen    McMillan,    Mrs. 


402  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Judge  Hale,  Rev.  Dr.  Wright,  Rev.  Chas.  Holmes,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  F.  W.  Sturtevant,  Mrs^  H.  C.  Ellar,  Mrs.  C.  C.  King,  Miss 
Nellie  King,  Miss  Virginia  King,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  A.  Barr,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  S.  Hicks,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gaskell  and  daughter,  Mrs. 
and  Miss  Hubbard,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Johnson,  Miss  Bass,  Mrs. 
E.  C.  Belote,  Miss  Helen  M.  Lovatt,  Charles  Beard,  Mrs.  H. 
P.  Bailow,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  C.  Hill,  Mrs.  E.  C.  Washington, 
Mrs.  E.  Wilcoxson,  Mrs.  C.  E.  Hunt,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  J.  Whit- 
ney, Miss  Whitney,  George  J.  Whitney,  Mrs.  Dr.  Beecher,  Mrs. 
M.  D.  Miller,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Sargent,  Mrs.  D.  Schutte,  Miss  Schutte, 
Miss  E.  Valentine,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  R.  D.  Sackett,  T.  L.  Shurmeier, 
Mrs.  Newport,  Miss  Smythe,  Mrs.  Hoxsi,  Mrs.  Edgerton, 
Mrs.  Patterson,  Mrs.  F.  H.  Pitts,  Miss  Pitts,  Miss  Annie  Pitts, 
E.  E.  Munn,  Miss  Munn,  R.  L.  Munn,  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Henderson, 
Miss  Kreutzer,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  M.  Eddy,  Cornelius  F.  Vans 
Mannon,  C.  E.  Mayo,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  H.  Merrick,  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  W.  C.  Pope,  Misses  and  Mrs.  Horton,  Miss  Staley,  Mrs. 
Woodworth,  Mrs.  Wagner,  Mrs.  Singleton,  Mrs.  Acroyt,  Mrs. 
King,  Miss  Bell,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  'L.  Chapman,  Mrs.  H.  C. 
Eller,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  N.  W.  Borland,  Miss  Foster,  Miss  A.  P. 
Brown,  Geo.  Bell. 


THE  CORRESPONDENCE  OF  THE  COMMISSION 
ON  CHRISTIAN  UNITY. 

The  correspondence  of  the  Committee  was  ordered  published. 
It  shows  how  wide  and  deep  is  the  desire  to  see  the  Church 
of  Christ  united.  Nothing  could,  under  the  present  state  of  the 
divided  Church  of  God,  exceed  the  beauty  of  the  correspondence 
as  a  whole.  The  declaration  made  by  the  American  Church  in 
Chicago,  at  the  General  Convention  of  1886,  on  the  subject  of 
Christian  Unity,  and  put  forth  by  the  Bishops  of  the  Anglican 
Communion  at  the  Lambeth  Palace  Meeting,  in  the  year  1888, 
is  as  follows  in  its  principles  : 

{A)  The  Holy  Scriptures  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  as 
"  containing  all  things  necessary  to  salvation,"  and  as  being 
the  rule  and  ultimate  standard  of  faith. 

{B)  The  Apostles'  Creed,  as  the  Baptismal  Symbol  ;  and  the 
Nicenc  Creed,  as  the  sufficient  statement  of  the  Christian 
faith. 

{C)  The  two  Sacraments  ordained  by  Christ  Himself— Baptism 
and  the  Supper  of  the  Lord  — ministered  with  unfailing  use 
of  Christ's  words  of  Institution,  and  of  the  elements  ordained 
by  Him. 


Rev.  Joseph  T.  Smith,   D.  D. 


404  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

(D)  The  Historic  Episcopate,  locally  adapted  in  the  methods 
of  its  administration  to  the  varying  needs  of  the  nations  and 
peoples  called  of  God  into  the  Unity  of  His  Church. 

The  Church  stands  ready  to  consider  the  question  of  Unity 
with  any  Churches  which  hold  these  four  things.  It  is  proba- 
bly true,  that  since  the  formation  of  the  Creed  few,  if  any, 
documents  put  forth  by  religious  authority  have  had  a  wider  or 
deeper  influence  than  this  has  had,  and  is  destined  to  have,  in 
the  Church  of  God.  To  say  that  this  declaration  was  a  revelation 
to  a  very  large  number  of  God-fearing  men,  is  to  put  the  facts 
very  mildly.  The  declaration  put  the  Church  in  a  new  and 
nobler  light  before  millions  than  they  had  ever  seen  it  in  before. 
The  Secretary  of  the  Commission,  Rev.  and  Venerable  Archdea- 
con Duncan,  S.  T.  D.,  sent  this  declaration  of  the  Church's  faith 
and  desire  to  the  following  representative  bodies,  with  a  letter 
full  of  charm  and  peace,  which  was  received  in  a  sympathetic 
spirit.  The  Lambeth  declarations  have  called  forth  discussion 
from  some  of  the  most  accomplished  men  in  the  world.  It  is 
significant  that,  in  so  far  as  the  correspondence  shows,  there 
has  been  no  effort  to  unite  with  the  Holy  Roman  Catholic 
Church.  A  second  thing  is  noticeable,  that  no  other  body  of 
Christian  people  than  those  who  hold  the  Anglican  faith  have 
put  forth  a  declaration  of  belief  which  was  intended  to  unite 
divided  Christendom.  When  the  Lord  shall  bring  again  the 
"  Unity  of  Zion "  it  will  be  seen  how  large  a  part  has  been 
played,  in  the  initial  steps  needful  to  be  taken,  by  men  of  every 
condition  in  the  Church  in  America.  It  may  be  that  God  has 
designed  to  honor  this  land  in  a  way  we  do  not  realize,  by 
making  it  the  home  where  unity  shall  first  dwell.  The  Presby- 
terians appointed,  at  their  General  Assembly,  in  Omaha,  a 
committee  of  their  wisest  men.  the  Rev.  Joseph  T.  Smith.  D.  D., 
Robt.  M.  Patterson.  D.  D.,  David  E.  Marquis,  D.  D.,  Wm. 
Henry  Green,  LL.  D.,  Samuel  I.  Nichols,  D.  D.,  Wm.  H.  Rob- 
erts, D.  D.  ;  Erancis  Brown,  D.  I).,  Ransom  B.  Welch,  D.  D., 
ministers  of  renown  in  the  congregation,  and  ruling  elders  ; 
Hon.  James  A.  Beaver,  Hon.  Cyrus  L.  Perishing,  Hon.  Rob. 
N.  Wilson,  William  E.  Dodge,  Hon.  Samuel  E.  Breckenridge, 
Dr.  William  C.  Gray,  and  E.  R.  Monfort,  LL.  D.  With  a  man 
as  distinguished  as  Moderator  Smith  at  the  head  of  such  a 
committee,  nothing  but  good    could    come   of    Christian  confer- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  405 

ence  on  Christian  Unity.  A  speech  he  made  to  the  House  of 
Bishops  produced  an  impression  so  profound  that  Bishop  Whip- 
ple wrote  of  it.  No  one  who  heard  Dr.  Smith  ever  can  forget 
his  words.  This  committee  accepted  three  out  of  four  of  the 
propositions  in  the  Lambeth  Quadrilateral,  and  said  it  could 
accept  the  fourth,  with  its  own  interpretation. 

Thus  are  principles  at  work  which  will  result  in  blessings 
untold  to  the  world.  For  the  present  the  correspondence, 
official,  between  the  Presbyterians  and  the  Commission  of  the 
Church  is  suspended  —  not  ended.  With  such  choice  spirits  as 
Bishop  Coxe  and  Dr.  Smith,  Dr.  Duncan  and  Dr.  Roberts,  and 
such  a  constituency  behind  them,  and  the  subject  the  Unity  of 
the  Church,  it  will  not  be  left  in  peace  to  die. 

The  response  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Church  was  made  on  June  nth.  In  it  is  offered  the 
Augsburg  Confession  as  the  expression  of  Protestant  principles, 
and,  by  the  general  consent,  the  most  Catholic  expression  of 
the  common  faith.  A  committee  of  six,  three  ministers  and 
three  laymen,  were  appointed  to  confer  with  the  Commision  of 
the  Church. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Boardman  wrote  as  a  Baptist,  but  his  letter  is 
replete  with  holy  desire  for  the  unity  of  Christendom.  He 
sees  great  obstacles  in  the  way  of  accomplishing  an  end  so 
much  to  be  prayed  for. 

The  representatives  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church 
speak  in  much  the  same  way.  It  is  true,  however,  as  the  Rev. 
Wm.  R.  Huntington,  D.  D.,  said  at  Minneapolis,  the  hand  of 
God  is  pushing  on  the  cause  of  Christian  Unity,  and  man  can 
not  keep  it  back. 

EIGHTH  TRIENNIAL  REPORT  OF  THE  TRUSTEES  OF 
THE  FUND  FOR  THE  RELIEF  OF  WIDOWS  AND 
ORPHANS  OF  DECEASED  CLERGYMEN  AND  OF 
AGED,  INFIRM  AND  DISABLED  CLERGYMEN 

The  Trustees  of  the  Fund  for  the  Relief  of  Widows  and 
Orphans  of  Deceased  Clergymen,  and  of  Aged,  Infirm  and  Dis- 
abled Clergymen,  herewith  submit  to  the  General  Convention 
of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  United  States  of 
America,  their  eighth  triennial  report  to  September  15th,   1895. 

They  respectfully  ask  the  attention  of  the  Convention  to  the 


406  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

following  facts.  Compared  with  previous  reports  these  facts 
arc  encourai;ini^.  Compared  with  what  is  needed  to  meet  just 
demands  on  the  Church,  and  surely  this  must  be  the  measure 
of  the  Church's  responsibility,  they  arc  the  reverse.  We  can- 
not rcs^ard  this  sacred  trust  as  an  ordinary  charity.  It  is  as- 
suredly something  more.  Is  it  not  a  simple  duty  to  see  that 
the  suffering  which  must  come  to  many  of  those  who  have 
given  their  lives  and  labors  to  the  service  of  the  Church  and 
the  Master  are  lightened  and  lifted  so  far  as  they  can  be? 

The  whole  amount  of  receipts  for  the  past  three  years  has 
been  $81,494.31.  In  this  are  included:  balance  from  previous 
account,  contVibutions  from  parishes  and  individuals,  royalty  on 
the  Ilvmnal,  and  legacies. 

Of 'this  sum  there  has  been  paid  to  fifty-nine  clergymen, 
one  hundred  sixty-six  widows  of  clergymen  and  twenty-four 
orphans,  in  fifty-five  Dioceses  and  Missionary  Districts,  $48,295. 

Besides  these  appropriations  the  Trustees  have  inv^ested  in 
the  three  years  $27,673.54;  they  have  paid  for  copyrights  and 
legal  services  $283.83;  and  have  on  deposit  and  on  hand 
$5,241.94. 

It  gives  us  pleasure  to  be  able  to  report  that  the  appropri- 
ations of  the  last  three  years  exceed,  by  more  than  $10,000, 
those  of  the  three  years  previous;  but  we  are  compelled  to  add 
the  drawback  that  since  1886  the  contributions  from  churches 
and  individuals  have  steadily  diminished.  From  1883  to  1886 
they  amounted  to  $23,680.31;  for  the  next  three  years,  to  $18,- 
475.70;  for  the  three  years  following,  to  $17,870.25;  and  for  the 
last  three  years,  to  $17,062.45.  The  large  amount  received  for 
royalty  on  the  Hymnal  has  enabled  us  to  make  the  increased 
appropriations.  We  beg  to  call  special  attention  to  these  facts 
that  are  the  reverse  of  creditable,  in  the  hope  that  they  may 
awaken  a  greater  interest  in  and  a  greater  attention  to  the  im- 
portance of  the  work  which  the  General  Convention  has  called 
us  to  administer. 

We  venture  to  repeat  what  was  said  in  our  report  of  three 
years  ago: 

"The  Trustees  further  would  inquire  whether  it  be  not  pos- 
sible and  desirable  to  establish  a  correspondence  between  this 
general  fund  and  all  kindred  funds  and  societies  in  the  Church, 
to  the  end  that  there  may  be  an  understanding,  and,  so  far  as 
practicable,  co-operation  between  all  the  agencies;  that  there 
may  be  a  general  bureau  to  at  least  record  all  that  is  done  by 
the  Church  in  this  matter  of  clergy  relief,  that  it  may  be  done 
with  intelligence  and  in  the  best  and  most  efficient  way." 

The  result  of  inquiries  has  not,  as  yet,  indicated  any  likeli- 
hood of  "co-operation  between  all  the  agencies"  above  alluded 
to.      But  it  certainly  must    not  be    difficult,  and  it  is  most    de- 


Stephen  P.  Nash. 


408  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

sirable,  to  secure  an  accurate  record  of  all  that  is  accomplished 
by  all  agencies  in  the  way  of  clergy  relief.  It  ought  not  to 
be  supposed  that  the  general  trust  which  we  are  charged  to 
administer,  is  all  that  is  done  by  the  Church  for  her  disabled 
clergymen  and  for  widows  and  orphans. 

\Vc  refer,  again,  to  the  'noteworthy  fact  that  no  expense 
beyond  that  for  copyrights  and  legal  services  has  ever  been 
incurred  in  the  administration  of  the  fund. 

The  generosity  of  our  secretary  and  treasurer  has,  as  in  time 
past,  so  in  the  present,  relieved  the  fund  from  all  such  charges. 
We  cannot  be  mistaken  in  believing  that  these  officers  will  re- 
ceive the  hearty  and  grateful  thanks  of  all  the  members  of  our 
communion. 

It  is  not  in  the  power  of  man  to  estimate  the  relief  and 
comfort  that  this  fund  has  given  to  those  whose  lots  in  life  are 
shadowed  by  many  trials;  the  relief  and  comfort  are  not  indeed 
all  that  they  might  and  should  be;  but  the  grateful  words  that 
from  time  to  time  come  back  to  the  trustees  are  such  that, 
could  they  properly  or  possibly  be  presented  to  the  Church, 
they  would  arouse  to  exertion  our  interest  that  is  in  too  many 
cases  dormant.  We  are  grateful  for  the  sympathy  and  ap- 
proval of  the  General  Convention,  on  which  indeed  we  confi- 
dently rely.  But  mere  resolutions  of  sympathy  and  approval 
are  of  little  real  worth  unless  they  are  accompanied  and  fol- 
lowed by  corresponding  action.  It  is  much  to  be  desired  that 
the  General  Convention  would  designate  a  Sunday  in  each  year 
as  Clergy  Relief  Sunday,  and  recommend  that  in  all  congre- 
gations offerings  be  made  for  this  fund  upon  that  day.  May 
it  please  the  great  Master  of  the  vineyard  to  stir  up  th&  hearts 
of  Mis  faithful  people  to  make  generous  provision  for  those 
who  have  fainted  and  failed  under  the  heat  and  burden  of  the 
day  of  service,  and  for  those  whose  earthly  well-being  is  de- 
pendent on  them! 

Respectfully  submitted, 

John  Williams, 

President. 

Henry  C.  Potter, 

Vice-President. 

Morgan  Dix. 

Wm.  S.  Langford. 

Stephen  P.  Nash. 

Wm.  Alexander  Smith, 
Treasurer. 

Elihu  Chauncey, 

Secretary. 
The  trustees,  by  way  of    supplement  to  their  general  report, 
feel  It    their    duty    to    call    attention    to    some    embarrassments 
caused  by  the  action  of  the    General   Convention  under  Canon 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  409 

8  of  Title  3.  This  new  Canon  passed  in  the  latter  days  of 
the  Convention  did  not,  under  the  provisions  of  Canon  4  of 
Title  4,  go  into  effect  until  January,  1893,  yet  the  Convention 
proceeded  at  once  to  nominate  fifteen  trustees  in  anticipation 
of  the  amendment  of  the  charter  suggested  by  Section  2,  by 
which  its  number  of  trustees  should  be  enlarged  from  its  exist- 
ing number  of  seven  to  fifteen,  the  first  seven  in  the  list  to  be 
the  trustees  until  such  amendment  should  be  made.  These 
first  seven  were  the  Bishops  of  Connecticut,  Montana  and  New 
York,  the  Assistant  Bishops  of  California  and  Alabama,  the 
R^.  Morgan  Dix,  D.  D.,  and  the  Rev.  W,  S.  Langford,  D.  D. 
Thy  difficulty  of  getting  a  meeting  of  these  trustees,  owing  to 
their  living,  many  of  them,  at  great  distances  from  each  other, 
and  from  any  central  point,  led  to  the  examination  of  the  ques- 
tion which  ha^  been  stated.  If  their  election  was  irregular,  it 
did  not  seem  safe  to  proceed  to  a  change  of  the  charter  upon 
their  authority.  The  conclusion  was  reached,  upon  the  advice 
of  counsel,  that  the  election  of  the  fifteen  trustees  by  the  Gen- 
eral Convention  was  invalid,  and  that  the  safest  course  was  for 
the  existing  trustees  to  hold  over  and  exercise  their  functions 
until  an  opportunity  was  offered  at  the  ensuing  General  Con- 
vention to  correct  the  error.      This  has  been  done. 

In  this  connection,  the  trustees  respectfully  submit  that  the 
enlargement  of  the  Board,  as  provided  for  in  the  Canon,  would  not 
be  without  grave  inconvenience.  The  very  excellent  reason  for 
the  change  was  probably  the  hope  that  a  more  general  interest 
in  the  charity  would  be  elicited;  but  it  is  not  easy  to  secure  a 
quorum  of  a  large  body  of  trustees  whose  residences  are  remote 
from  each  other,  and  when  trustees  cannot  attend  Board  meet- 
ings, their  interest  naturally  soon  flags. 

Attest:  Elihu  Chauncey, 

Secretary. 

The  foregoing  report  very  well  deserves  the  study  of  all 
thoughtful  Church  people.  The  fund  should  have  the  gifts  of 
any  who  can  make  them  in  providing  for  the  widows  and  or- 
phans of  the  clergy  of  the  Church.  The  faithful  not  only  help 
those  who  need,  but  they  honor  themselves  and  serve  the  Lord 
Christ  in  a  special  way. 

REPORT    OF     THE     AMERICAN     CHURCH    BUHDING 
FUND   COMMISSION. 

To  the  Board  of  Missions: 

The  trustees  of  the  American  Church  Building  Fund  Com- 
mission respectfully  present  their  annual  report  for  the  year 
ending  August  31,   1895. 


410  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

INTRODUCTORY. 

It  will  be  fifteen  years  on  the  twenty -fifth  day  of  October, 
1895,  since  the  General  Convention  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  sitting  as  a  Board  of  Missions,  in  St.  George's  Church, 
New  York,  gave  existence  to  the  American  Church  Building 
Fund  Commission. 

The  centennial  anniversary  of  the  establishment  of  the  Church 
in  this  country  was  at  hand,  and  it  was  the  ardent  hope  of 
many  that  when  that  event  should  arrive,  namely,  at  the  ne.xt 
session  of  the  General  Convention  in  1883,  a  million  dollars 
might  be  presented  as  an  offering.  The  object  of  raising  one 
million  dollars  was  declared  to  be  twofold:  j^rs^,  to  be  "a  mem- 
orial of  the  providential  care  of  God  in  the  past ;  and,  secondly, 
to  be  used  in  the  extension  of  His  Church   in  the  future." 

In  order  to  provide  for  the  carrying  out  of  this  second 
project,  the  plan  of  the  Church  Building  Fund  was  proposed 
and  adopted,  and  the  Commission  immediately  created.  This 
Commission  was  to  be  perpetual,  and  its  members  to  be  ap- 
pointed at  the  time  of  the  meeting  of  each  General  Convention 
of  our  Church. 

As  the  western  portion  of  our  country  was  being  rapidly 
settled,  and  the  southern  portion  of  it  was  recovering  from  the 
effects  of  the  war,  financial  help  to  our  Missionary  Bishops  and 
to  struggling  communities  became  absolutely  essential,  if  the 
Episcopal  Church  was  to  establish  itself  to  advantage  in  these 
portions  of  our  country. 

It  were  unwise  to  expect  our  Bishops  to  be  absent  from 
their  Jurisdictions,  begging  money  at  the  East,  to  carry  on  their 
work  of  Church  extension,  thereby  losing  valuable  opportunities 
for  effective  work  at  home  ;  and  so  it  was  believed  that  it 
would  be  a  most  judicious  movement  to  raise  a  special  fund 
for  this    purpose. 

This  one  million  dollars  was  to  form  the  working  capital  of 
an  organizxd  corporation.  Ninety  per  cent,  of  this  money  could 
be  loaned  to  build  churches  ;  each  loan  to  be  approved  by  the 
Bishop  of  the  Diocese,  to  be  secured  by  a  first  mortgage  on 
the  property,  and  to  be  made  payable  by  five  yearly  notes, 
which  should  bear  the  legal  rate  of  interest.  The  remaining 
portion  of  the  capital  is  securely  invested,  and  reserved  as  an 
emergency  fund. 

THE    COMMISSION    AS    CONSTITUTED 

consists  of  all  the  Bishops,  of  one  Clergyman  and  one  layman 
from  each  Diocese  and  Missionary  Jurisdiction,  designated  by 
its  respective  Bishop,  and  of  twenty  members  at  large  appointed 
by  the  Presiding  Bishop. 

The  Board  of  Trustees  consists  of  seventeen  of  these  Com  - 
missioners,  who  are  elected  triennially,  and  to  whom  is  com- 
mitted the  executive  part  of  the  work. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  4II 

One  Clergyman  and  one  layman  from  each  Diocese,  ap- 
pointed by  its  Bishop,  as  above  stated,  are  Diocesan  Commis- 
sioners, whose  duty  it  is  to  see  that  the  work  and  claims  of 
the  Huilding  Fund  arc  brought  prominently  before  the  clergy 
and  congregations  of  their  respective  Dioceses,  and  that 
collections  are  taken  and  forwarded  to  the  Treasurer  of  the 
Commission.  These  Diocesan  Commissioners  are  most  impor- 
tant helpers  in  the  general  work.  Too  much  stress  cannot  be 
laid  upon  the  effective  work  which  these  Diocesan  Commissioners 
can  do,  if  they  are  at  all  imbued  with  the  right  spirit.  Indif- 
ferent Commissioners  are  only  a  drag  and  a  discouragement, 
while  men  of  real  heart  and  zeal  have,  in  several  Dioceses, 
proved  what  noble  work  can  be  done  for  the  general  cause. 
This  is  notably  the  case  in  Connecticut  and  Long  Island. 

Below  are  the  names  of  the  Officers  of  the  Commission,  of 
the  Trustees  of  the  Corporation,  and  of  the  Diocesan  Commis- 
sioners. The  Bishop  of  each  Doicese  and  Missionary  Jurisdiction 
is  a  member  of  the  Commission,  iw  ojficio. 

OFFICERS    OF    THE    COMMISSION. 

President:      The  Rt.   Rev.  John  Williams,  D.   D.,  LL.   D. 

]^ice- Presidents:  The  Rt.  Rev.  Drs.  Whipple,  Doane,  Gillespie, 
and  Whitehead. 

Secretary:      Mr.  James  Grant  Wilson. 

Corresponding  Secretary:      The   Rev.  J.   Newton   Perkins. 

Special  Secretary  for  Aiigmoitatioii  of  Fu)id:  Mr.  L.  ]3radford 
Prince. 

Treasurer:       Mr.   Geo.   Bliss. 

Assistant  Treasurer:      Mr.   E.  Walter  Roberts. 

In  January  the  Rev.  Charles  Howard  Malcom,  D.  D.,  re- 
signed his  office  as  Corresponding  Secretary,  a  place  which  he 
had  filled  for  fourteen  years,  having  been  elected  to  that 
position  when  the  Commission  was  formed.  The  Rev.  J. 
Newton   Perkins  was  elected  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  office. 

THE    COMMISSION. 

Twenty  members  at  large  appointed  by  the  presiding  Bishop: 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Dix New   York. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Langford ....    New   York. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Battershall Albany. 

The  Rev.  Dr.   Huntington New   York. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Vibbert New  York. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Jefferies Washington. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop Long  Island. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Olmstead Central  N.  Y. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Kelly California. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  P:iliott Maryland. 


412  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Murphy New  Jersey. 

The  Rev.   Dr.  Littell Delaware. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Cooper Long  Island. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Malcom New   York. 

Mr.  L.  Bradford  Prince New  Mexico. 

Mr.  John  A.  King Long  Lslarjd. 

Mr.  William  G.  Low Long  Island. 

Mr.  Cornelius  Yanderbilt New  York. 

Mr.  Buchanan  Winthrop New  York. 

Mr.  James  Grant  Wilson New    York. 

One  Clerical  and  one  Lay  Commissioner  from  each  Diocese 
and  Missionary  Jurisdiction  appointed    by    the    Bishop    thereof: 

Alabama Rev.  J.  L.  Tucker,  D.  D Mr,  John  W.  Noble. 

Albany "  J.  D.  Morrison,  D.  D "   G.  B.  McCartce. 

Arkansas "  I.  0.  Adams "   Wni.  B.  Welch,   M.  D. 

California "  E.  B.  Spaldinfr,  L.  H.  D "  J.  G.  Eastland. 

Central  New  York...  "  P.  N.  Neade "   W.  M.  White. 

Cent.  Pennsvlvaiiia.  "  M.  A.  Tolman "  J.  Brinton   White. 

Chicago ■ "  B.  F.  Fleetwood,  S.  T.  D....   "   Emory  Cobb. 

Colorado "  E.  P.Newton "    A.  A.  Bowhay. 

Connecticut "  W.  G.  Andrews,  D.  D "   Benj.  Stark. 

Delaware '•  H.  A.  Henry "   Horace  Burr,  M.  D. 

East  Carolina "  R.  B.  Drane,  D.  D "  J.  W.  Albertson. 

Easton "  Wni.  Schouler "   Wm.  S.  Walker. 

Florida "  A.  W.  Knight "   H.  E.  Dotterer. 

Fond  du  Lac "  L.  D.  Hopkins "   C.  A.  Galloway. 

Georgia "  W.  M.  Walton "   F.  H.  Miller. 

Indiana "  J.  H.  Ranger "   L.  B.  Martin. 

Iowa "J.  J.  Wilkins,  S.  T.  D "  Jas.  L.  Bever. 

Kansas "  C.  R.  Hill "    George  Rockwell. 

Kentucky "  E.  H.  Ward,  D.  D "   S.  K.  Sneed. 

Long  Island "  A.  B.  Kinsolving "   H.  E.  Pierrepont. 

Louisiana "  J.  McConnell. 

Maine "   Henry  Ingalls. 

Maryland "  Geo.  C.  Stokes 

Massachusetts "  A.  H.  Vinton,  D.  D "   A.  J.  C.  Sowdon. 

Michigan "  Wm.  Prall,  Ph.  D "   Hervev  C.  Parke. 

Milwaukee "  H.  B.  St.  George,  Jr "   L.  H. "Morehouse. 

Minnesota "  F.  R.  Millspaugh..'. "   W.  H.  Lightner. 

Mississippi ..  "  De  B.  Waddell "   Peter  P.  Bailey. 

Missouri "  Carroll  M.  Davis "   Frank  Carter.' 

Nebraska "John  Hewitt "  John  S.  Smith. 

Newark "  Anthony  Schuyler,  D.  D....   "   P.  E.  Johnson. 

New  Hampshire "  Itahamar  W.  Beard "   George  L.  Balcom. 

New  Jersey "  Chas.  L.  Hibbard,  D.  D "   John  N.  Carpendcr. 

New  York "  Jas.  Mulchaney,  D.   D "   E.  T.  Gerrv. 

North  Carolina "  John  Manning. 

Ohio "  Cyrus  S.  Bates,  D.  D "   Charles  H.  Moss. 

Oregon "  G.  B.  Van  Waters "    ].  T.  Eaton. 

Pennsylvania "   S.  D.  McConnell,  D.  D "  T.   H.  Montgomcrv. 

Pittsburg "  Amos  Bannister "   G.  M.  T.  Taylor.  " 

yi'incy "  C.  W.  Leffingwell,  D.  D "   W.  H.  Boniface. 

Rhode  Island "  Geo.  J.  Magill,  D.  D "    G.  C.  Nightingale,  Jr. 

South   Carolina "  Byron  Holley "   A.  Markley   Lee. 

Southern  Oliio "  John  H.  Ely "   T.  H.  C.  Allen. 

Southern   Virginia...  "  Arthur  S.  Lloyd "  Jas.  T.  Harrison. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  4^3 

Sprinf^eld Rev.  Johannes  Rockstroh Mr.  S.  A.  Foley. 

Tennessee "  F.  P.  Davenport,  D.  D "   E.  S.  Mallory. 

Texas "   A.S.Richardson. 

Vermont "  Wm.  H.  Collins "   Fred'k  E.  Smith. 

Virginia "  H.  Carmichael,  D.  D "  Joseph  Wilmer. 

Western  Michigan...   "  Campbell  Fair,  D.  D "   David  Fisher. 

West  Missouri "   W.  E.  Winner. 

Western  New  York..   "  Jas.  Rankine,  D.  D "  J.  M.  Smith,  LL.  D. 

West  Virginia "  S.  Scollay  Moore,  D.  D....    "   W.  P.  Craighill. 

Montana "  Sydney  D.  Hooker "   S.  T.  Jones. 

Nevada  and  Utah...   "  L.  B.  Ridgely "  J.  H.  Woodman. 

New  Mex.  and  Ariz.   "  Henry   Forrester "  J.  F.  Blandy. 

North  Dakota "  F.  B.  Nash,  Jr "   E.  C.  Elwood. 

Northern  California.   "  J.  A.  vShepherd,  D.  D "  J.  P.  Smith,  M.   D. 

Northern   Michigan.   "  G.  Mott  Williams 

Northern  Texas "  E.  Wickens "   R.  Morgan,  Jr. 

Oklahoma "  G.  D.  Gmm,  D.  D "   A.  J.  Sprengel. 

Olympia "  L.   W.  Applegate "   D.  C.  Millett. 

South  Dakota "  J.  H.  Babcock. "   G.  R.  Scougal. 

Spokane 

The  Platte "  Wm.   Lucas "   H.  W.  Oliver. 

Western  Colorado...   "  C.  W.  Hodder "  J.  S.  Lawrence. 

Western  Texas "  Horace  Clark "   W.  O.  Hutchinson. 

Wyoming  and  Idaho       "   A.C.Jones. 

THE    TRUSTEES. 

The  Trustees  of  the  "American  Church  Building  Fund  Com- 
mission"— the  corporate  organization — whose  term  continues  until 
the  General  Convention  of  1895,  ^^^  ^^^^  following,  Rev.  Dr. 
Magill  having  been  elected  in  place  of  Rev.  Dr.  Alsop,  resigned, 
and  Mr.  H.  E.  Pierrepont  in  place  of  Mr.  Lemuel  Coffin,  de- 
ceased: 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  A.  Starkev,  D.  D.  The  Rev.  T.  Gardiner  Littell,  D.  D., 
The  Rt.  Rev.  John  Scarborough,'  D.  D.,  The  Rev.  Edmund  D.  Cooper,  D.  D., 
The  Rev.  Morgan  Dix,  S.  T.  D.,  The  Rev.  George  J.  Magill,  D.  D., 

The  Rev.  W.  S.  Langford,  D.  D.,  Mr.  L.  Bradford  Prince. 

The  Rev.  T-  W.  Battershall,  D.  D.,  Mr.  William  G.  Low, 

The  Rev.  Sohn  H.  Elliott,  D.  D.,  Mr.  Cornelius  Vanderbilt, 

The  Rev.  .\nthony  Schuyler,  D.  D.,  Mr.  Benjamin  Stark, 

The  Rev.  T.  Logan   Murphy.  Mr.  James  Grant  Wilson, 

Mr.  Henry  E.  Pierrepont. 
Bishop  Starkey  is  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

Ninety-four  Bishops  have  commended  this  fund  to  the  at- 
tention of  Churchmen. 

The  table  below  gives  the  amount  of  the  Permanent  Fund  at 
various  periods,  from  its  commencement  in  the  fall  of  1880,  to 
the  present  time: 

Dec.  I,  1881 $  7,897.59         Sept.   i,   1888 $150,832.13 

Sept.  I,   1882 21,809.51  "       I,  1889 176,786.35 

"      I,  1883 46,455-43  "       I.   1890 190,175.49 

"      1,1884 54.226.95  "       1,1891 207,435.22 

"      I,  1885 62,879.77  "       I,   1892 226,241.72 

"      1,1886 68,483.91  "       1,1893 239,586.37 

Jan.    I,   1887 69,249.63  "       1,  1894 261,054.88 

Sept.  I,  1887 81,875.93  "       1,1895 275,077.70 


414  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

DIOCESAN    CONTRIBUTIONS. 

The  following  table  gives  the  total  amount  contribi  d  by 
each  Diocese  and  Jurisdiction  from  1880  to  September  1895, 
and  also  the  amount  previously  reported  to  September  (^  -894; 
thus  showing  the  sum  received  from  each  during  the  pas';  fiscal 
year. 

It  is  proper  to  remember,  in  reading  these  lists,  that  West 
Missouri  has  had  the  benefit  of  one  Named  Fund  of  $50,000; 
New  York  of  four,  amounting  to  $20,000;  Maryland  of  one  of 
$10,000;  and  Long  Island,  Pennsylvania  and  Connecticut,  one 
each  of  $5,000. 

The  table  is  as  follows,  the  jurisdictions  recently  set  apart 
being  included  in  the  Dioceses  from  which  they  were  taken: 

Contributions  Contributions 

Sept.  1,  1894.  Sept.  1,  1895. 

Alabama $  149.T3  $       159-33 

Albany 2,867.38  2,934.38 

Arl<^^nsas 153.25  153.25 

California 3,95 1 .39  3,960.24 

Central  New  York 3,627.72  3,838.05 

Central  Pennsylvania 5,200.35  5,428.08 

Chicago 933.08  933.08 

Colorado  and  Western  Colorado 248.47  259.67 

Connecticut 11,804.49  12,563.79 

Delaware 758.37  818.44 

East  Carolina 207.74  215.52 

Easton 336.06  369. 1 2 

Florida  and  Southern    Florida 268.70  376-70 

Fond   du  Lac 355-96  360.52 

Georgia 316.35  317-95 

Indiana 518.64  548.72 

Iowa 238.73  238.73 

Kansas 297.47  308.65 

Kentucky 2,076.19  2,086.99 

Long  Island 18,650.42  19,527.49 

Louisiana   267.70  320.90 

Maine   207.28  212.68 

Maryland 13,663.44  14,092.47 

Massachusetts 16,524.35  17,480.82 

Michigan 1,313.32  1,425.88 

Milwaukee 532.49  561.39 

Minnesota 1,595-49  1,632.61 

Mississippi 180.62  185.27 

Missouri 3,147-93  3,217.58 

Nebraska  and  The    Platte 274.44  276.26 

Newark 3,991-23  4,311.94 

New  Hampshire 903.55  973-07 

New  Jersey 7,763.40  7,888.02 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  4^5 

New       jrk 51,210.48  58,145.43 

Nortl-     :arolina 789-47  831.87 

Ohio 8,444.16  8,721.23 

Ore^r   ^ 258.80  266.00 

Penns''vania 23,032.10  23,973.79 

Pittsburg 3,102.10  3.134-33 

Ouincy 381 -3°  442.11 

Rhode  Island 3.09076  3.359-32 

South  Carolina 428.92  548.01 

Southern  Ohio 3,816.20  3.9I7-5I 

Springfield 205.66  205.66 

Tennessee 471-44  473-04 

Texas 259.40  291.50 

Vermont 426.44  455-12 

Virginia  and  Southern   Virginia 383-50  4^9-43 

Western    Michigan 421.81  48808 

Western  New  York 6,752.72  7.146.52 

West  Virginia 431-26  451.00 

West  Missouri 50,473.54  50,478.54 

North  Dakota 43-58  43-58 

South  Dakota 687.31  769-54 

Idaho 71-45  71-45 

Montana 154-44  159-59 

Nevada i39-8o  i39-8o 

New  Mexico  and  Arizona 248.80  252.10 

Northern  California 234.97  234.97 

Northern  Texas 65.95  68.55 

Olympia  and  Spokane   1 10.00  1 10.00 

Utah 235.30  235.30 

Western  Texas 172-77  176.52 

Wyoming 55.46  60.36 

Foreign 433-63  433-63 

Miscellaneous 707-23  596-23 


11,054.88     $275,077.70 
Churches  which  have  contributed  every  year  (fourteen  years): 

St.   Peter's Albany.      Trinity Newport,   R.  I. 

Grace Brooklyn.      St.  Peter's Geneva,  W.  N.  Y. 

St.  Luke's Brooklyn.      St.  Paul's Buffalo. 

Those  which  have  sent  offerings  in  thirteen  of  the  fourteen 
years  are: 

St.  Ann's Brooklyn,  L.    I. 

Incarnation New  York  (over  $2,400). 

St.   Mark's Mauch    Chunk,  C.  Pa. 

Incarnation Washington. 

St.  Luke's Rochester,  W.  N.   Y. 


4l6  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Those  which  have  sent  during  ten  years  are: 

St.  John's Canandaigua,  W.  N.  Y 

Trinity  Geneva,  W.  N.  Y 

St.  John's Mt.    Morris,  W.  N.  Y 

Grace Orange,    Newark 

St.  John's Elizabeth,  N.  J 

St.  Thomas' New  York    (over  ^2,400) 

St.  Luke's Lebanon,   C.  Pa 

St.  Paul's Chestnut  Hill,  Pa 

St.  Luke's Bustleton,    Pa 

St.  Anne's Annapolis,  Md.    (12  times) 

St.  Paul's Cleveland,   O.  (over  $2,600) 

Trinity - Cleveland   O.  ( over  $2,000) 

Trinity Parkersburg,   W.  Va 

Ninety-six    Churches   have   given    every  one    of   the   last   six 
years. 

Albany Green  Island St.  Mark's. 

Central  New  York Utica Grace  (8  times). 

Oxford St.  Paul's. 

Central   Pennsylvania.  .Allentown Grace. 

"  "  .. .  Pottsville Trinity, 

"  "  . .  .Scranton Good   Shepherd. 

...South    Bethlehem Nativity. 

"  "  .  ..Williamsport Christ. 

Connecticut Bridgeport Christ. 

"  Guilford Christ. 

"  Groton Seabury  Memorial. 

"  Hartford Trinity. 

"  Meriden St.  Andrew's. 

"  New  Haven St.  Paul's. 

"  New    London    St.  James'. 

"  Newton Trinity. 

"  Southport Trinity. 

Stratford .  .Christ. 

"  Watertown . .  Christ. 

Easton Elkton Trinity. 

"       Chestertown Emmanuel. 

Florida Thonotosassa Trinity. 

P^ond  du    Lac Oconto St.  Mark's. 

Georgia Marietta St.  James'. 

Long  Island Astoria Redeemer. 

"  Brooklyn St.  Augustine. 

"         St.  James. 

"         St.  Mark's. 

Great  Neck All  Saints'. 

Flushing St.  George's. 

"  Hempstead St.  George's. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  4I7 

Long  Island Islip Emmanuel. 

Louisiana Napolconville Christ. 

Maryland Washington St.  Paul's. 

Massachusetts Boston,  South St.  Matthew's. 

"  Lawrence Grace. 

"  Worcester All  Saints'. 

Michigan Detroit St.  John's. 

Milwaukee Ashippum St.  Paul's. 

Minnesota Minneapolis ...St.  Paul's. 

"  Red  Wing Christ. 

"  Sauk  Centre Good  Samaritan. 

Missouri St.  Louis Christ  Cathedral. 

Newark Hackensack Christ. 

"        Paterson St.   Paul's. 

"        Orange All    Saints'. 

New  Hampshire Concord St.   Paul's. 

New  Jersey Burlington St.  Barnabas'. 

Elizabeth Christ. 

" "         Grace. 

*'  Salem St.  John's. 

"  South  Amboy Christ. 

"  Swedesboro Trinity. 

New  York New  York Calvary. 

"  "  St.  Bartholomew's. 

"         "         St.   Andrew's. 

"  "  •.  .St.  James'. 

"  "  Trinity. 

"  "  Trinity  Chapel. 

"  St.   Paul's. 

"  "         St.  Augustine's. 

" Rye Christ. 

North  Carolina Henderson Holy  Innocents'. 

Ohio Massilon St.  Timothy. 

"      Warren Christ. 

Oregon The  Dalles St.   Paul's. 

Pennsylvania Philadelphia Advent. 

"  "  St.  James'. 

"  "     (Kingsessing).St.  James'. 

"  "  (Lower  Dublin) .  All  Saints'. 

"  "    ( South wark) . .  .Trinity. 

Pittsljurg Brownsville Christ. 

"      ' Meadville Christ. 

Quincy Knoxville St.   Mary's. 

"       Rock  Island Trinity. 

Rhode  Island Pawtucket Trinity. 

"  Providence Grace. 

"  "  Redeemer. 

"  St.  John's. 


4l8  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Rhode    Island Providence St.  Stephen's. 

"  All  Saints  Memor'I. 

"  Westerly Christ. 

South  Carolina Abbeville Trinity. 

Southern   Ohio   Cincinnati Our  Saviour. 

Vermont Bellows  Falls Immanuel. 

" Burlington St.   Paul's. 

Western  New  York .  . .  Rochester St.  Paul's. 

Western  Missouri Kansas  City Trinity. 

New  Mexico Santa  Fe Holy   Faith. 

South  Dakota Madison Grace. 

Mitchell St.  Mary's. 

Springfield Ascension. 

Yankton   Agency Holy  Fellowship. 

" Rosebud         "        Church  of  Jesus. 

"  Crow  Creek  "        St.  John  Baptist. 

"  "        Christ. 

"  Cheyenne St.  John's. 

All  of  the  above  are  certainly  entitled  to  this  honorable 
mention  for  their  loyalty  to  the  Church's  call  and  the  excellent 
example  they  have  set  to  others.  If  every  parish  had  followed 
this  not  very  difficult  rule  of  making  one  offering  each  year, 
rconlarly,  the  result  would  have  surprised  themselves,  and  the 
entire  Church  Building  Fund  of  one  million  dollars  would  have 
been  complete  long  since. 

A  zealous  and  faithful  clergyman  has  drawn  attention  to 
what  seems  to  him  an  injustice  in  making  up  this  list, — that  is, 
that  it  gives  the  names  of  parishes  and  not  the  names  of  cler- 
gymen. He  says,  correctly,  that  he  has  never  failed  to  take 
this  offering  since  the  Fund  was  begun,  but  that  having  been 
in  three  different  parishes,  none  of  which  sent  except  while  he 
was  there,  his  regularity  and  faithfulness  do  not  show  in  the 
list.  We  admit  the  justice  of  this  ;  but  it  is  impossible  for  us 
to  follow  the  course  of  individual  clergymen,  as  the  acknowl- 
edgments are  all  made  to  parishes.  But  if  any  clergymen 
who  have  regularly  sent  offerings,  year  by  year,  will  send  us 
their  names,  we  will  gladly  make  the  proper  mention  of  the 
fact.  It  is  right  that  such  instances  should  be  recorded,  if  only 
as  bright  examples. 

THE    NAMED    FUNDS 

are  especially  deserving  of  notice.  By  these  we  mean  the  de- 
velopment of  a  plan  proposed,  and  already  in  operation,  whereby 
the  gift  of  $5,000  or  more,  made  by  an  individual  or  a  parish, 
shall  bear  the  name  of  the  donor,  or  some  other  person,  to  be 
determined  by  the  giver.  We  have  $95,000  at  this  present  time, 
contributed  in  this  way  by  nine  persons;  and  also  $5,000  con- 
tributed   in    smaller    amounts,  by    three    different    parties,    and 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  419 

distinguished  as  "Memorial  Gifts."  Below  we  give  the  names 
of  the  donors  and  the  amount  of  their  respective  gifts. 

We  especially  commend  this  plan  of  aiding  the  Fund  to  all 
Churchmen  who  are  interested  in  the  work  of  Church  extension, 
in  its  various  forms,  and  we  plead  for  gifts  to  its  treasury  during 
their  lifetime,  or  for  a  remembrance  in  their  wills. 

We  earnestly  call  upon  the  clergy  to  present  this  matter  of 
the  Named  Fund  to  their  people,  and  to  assure  them  that  there 
is  no  safer  nor  more  useful  way  by  which  they  can  leave  their 
money  to  do  good  in  the  future  than  by  placing  it  with  the 
Building  Fund  ;  because  it  will  be  continually  used  for  Christ's 
work  in  the  practical  form  of  erecting  churches.  And  so  long 
as  the  Fund  shall  exist  (which  must  be  for  all  time)  the  names 
of  those  who  have  been  designated  by  the  giver  shall  be  in- 
scribed upon  the  records  of  the  Commission,  that  they  who  read 
of  the  gift  shall  also  be  reminded  of  the  one  in  whose  memory 
it  has  been  given. 

Already  one  such  gift  (of  ^50,000)  perpetuates  the  name  of 
an  honored  and  beloved  Bishop  ;  one  (of  $10,000)  perpetuates 
the  name  of  "a  zealous  priest  of  the  Church  ;"  and  others  recall 
the  names  of  faithful  laymen  in  different  Dioceses. 

One  gift  of  $5,000  has  been  received  the  past  year  from  a 
New  York   Churchman. 

The  Named  Funds  are  founded  upon  the  following  resolu- 
tion, adopted  February   17,   1887. 

Resolved,  That  every  donation  of  $5,000  or  more  be  preserved 
as  a  separate  fund,  by  the  name  of  the  donor,  or  as  a  memorial, 
or  otherwise,  as  designated  by  him  ;  and  that  such  donor  be 
permitted  to  direct  the  disposition  of  the  income  of  such  fund, 
geographically  or  otherwise,  within  the  scope  and  powers  of 
this  Commission. 

The  Named  Funds  at  present  are  as  follows: 

I. — The  Annie  Bedell  Memorial    Fund , $  5,000 

Founded  by  Mr.  William  G.  Low,  of  Long  Island. 

2. — The  Cornelius  Vanderbilt   Fund 5,000 

Founded  by  Mr.  Cornelius  Vanderbilt,  of  New  York. 

3. — The  I^ishop  Robertson  Memorial   Fund 50,000 

Founded    in    1888    by  Mr.  Willard    E.    vViuiier,  of 
Kansas  City,  Mo. 

(This  fund  is  not  yet  available  for  loans.) 

4. — The  Margaretta  S.  Lewis  Memorial  Fund 5,000 

Founded  in  1888  by  the  executors  of  Miss  Marga- 
retta S.  Lewis,  of  Philadelphia,   Pa. 

5. — The  Julia  Merritt  Memorial    Fund 5,000 

P^ounded  in    1889   by  Mrs.    Julia    Merritt,    of    New 
York. 


420  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

6. — The  Mary  Caroline  Rockwell    Fund 5,000 

Founded    in     1891    by    Mr.    Gould    Rockwell,    of 
Ridgefield,  Conn. 

7. — The  Thomas  Clapp  Pitkin  Memorial   Fund 5,000 

Founded  by  a  Churchman  of  New  York. 

8. — The  Charles  Scott  Memorial  Fund 10,000 

Founded  by  legacy  of  Charles  Scott,  of  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,   1893. 

9. — The  Frances  E.  Stryker  Memorial  Fund 5,000 

Founded   by  a  New  York  Churchman,   1895. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  Commission  holds  smaller 
special  funds  as  memorials,  in  accordance  with  a  privilege 
granted  by  the  Board  of  Missions,  and  first  mentioned  in  the 
annual  report  of  the  year  1884.  Permission  was  granted  that 
any  testator  might  give  a  memorial  name  to  a  special  bequest. 
It  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that,  as  the  years  go  on,  such  be- 
quests will  be  made.  Also,  apart  from  legacies,  the  Commission 
may  be  made  the  recipient  of  sums  less  than  ;^5,ooo,  which 
may  hold  a  place  of  honor  amongst  the  Named  Funds.  In 
this  way  the  Commission  now  holds  the  following  funds  in 
addition  to  those  mentioned  above  : 

The  Louisa  S.  Vought  Memorial  Fund $4,000 

Legacy  of  Mrs.  Louisa  S.  Vought,  of  Freehold,  N.  J. 

The  Mariana  A.  Ogden  Memorial  Fund 500 

Gift  of  Mrs.^M.  A.  Ogden,  of  Fordham,  N.  Y. 

The  Isaac  De  Voe  Memorial  Fund 500 

Legacy  of  Mr.  Isaac  De  Voe,  of  Spottswood,  N.  J. 

GIFTS    FROM    OUR    INTEREST    FUND. 

During  the  past  two  years  the  commission  has  made  gifts  of 
money  from  its  interest  fund,  to  feeble  Churches,  whose  cir- 
cumstances especially  justified  them  in  applying  for  a  gift  rather 
than  for  a  loan.  It  would  be  unwise,  and  hardly  right,  to  bur- 
den a  parish  with  a  loan  if  there  were  but  little  prospect  of  its 
being  able  to  repay  it;  and  there  are  many  missions  (as  in  the 
Indian  Territory)  which  could  not  mortgage  their  property  as 
security  for  a  loan,  owing  to  their  inability  to  give  a  title.  In 
such  special  instances  gifts  of  money,  judiciously  made,  are  a 
great  help,  and  have  at  times  averted    serious  disaster. 

This  system  is  pursued  largely  by  the  Church  of  England 
and  by  the  several  Church  Extension  Societies  in  existence  in 
this  country. 

Since  May,  1893.  we  have  made  fifty-seven  such  gifts,  aggre- 
gating $7,403.50.  Nineteen  of  these,  amounting  to  $2,500,  were 
made  since  September  i,   1894. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  gifts  paid  to  September,   1895: 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVEXTJOX.  42 1 

No.  Diocese.  Town.  Churcli.  Amount. 

1  Mississippi Greenville St.  James' $43.50 

2  Kansas Hooper St.  James' 250.00 

3  Tennessee W.  Nashville St.  Andrew's 300.00 

4  Virginia Catham Trinitv 200.00 

5  South  Dakota Chamberlain Christ  Church 200.00 

6  South  Carolina Bluffton Ochetie 100.00 

7  "  "         "      200.00 

8  Georgia Brunswick St.  Jude's 200.00 

9  Virginia Port  Conway Emmanuel 10.00 

10  E.  CaroHna Elizabeth  City. ...St.  John's 100.00 

11  Maine Kingman Mission 200.00 

12  Marvland St.  Geo. 's  Island. Wm.  and  Marv  Parish 200.00 

13  Connecticut Putman St.  Philip's .' 250.00 

14  New  Vork Woodstock Christ  Church 50.00 

15  Georgia Brunswick St.  Athanasius" 100.00 

16  Calitornia Los  Angeles Ascension 50.00 

17  So'n  Florida Punta  Gorda Mission 200.00 

IS  Marvland Calvert  Co Middietown   Chapel 100.00 

19  N.Carolina Brvson  Citv St.   Steven's 50.00 

20  Pennsvlvania Plymouth..". St.  Peter's 200.00 

21  N.  CafoHna Louisburg St.  Matthias' 100.00 

22  So.  Florida Cassia Mission 100.00 

23  "         Haines  City "        200.00 

24  "        Yalaka "        150.00 

25  So.  Carolina Hagood Church  Ascension 100.00 

26  "  Edisto  Island Trinitv 100.00 

27  Alabama Huntsville All  Saints'  Chapel 150.00 

28  Wisconsin Waterloo St.   Stephen's 200.00 

29  Georgia Thomasville Church  Good  Shepherd 100.00 

30  N.  Carolina Beaver  Dam Mission 150.00 

31  Albanv Castleton "       25.00 

32  Virginia Clarkton St.  Thomas' 25.00 

33  N.  Carohna Grace St.  Titus'   Chapel 50.00 

34  W.Virginia Kenova Grace  Mission 200.00 

35  Mississippi West  Point Church  Incarnation 50.00 

36  N.  Hampshire Laconia St.  James' 200.00 

37  N.  Carolina Sandford Holv  Faith 100.00 

38  Iowa Spirit  Lake Good  Shepherd 200.00 

39  California Palo  Alto Chapel  of  Stanford  Universitv  250.00 

40  Virginia Edgehill Memorial  Chapel '..    150.00 

41  Alabama Florence Trinitv 250.00 

42  S.  Virginia Clilton  Forge St.  Andrew's 250.00 

43  Minnesota Mazeppa St.  Andrew's  Chapel 50.00 

44  Nel)raska Palmer Mission  Chapel 100.00 

45  Idaho Wallace Holy  Trinity 100.00 

46  E.  Carolina Farmville ..Emmanuel 100.00 

47  N.  Carolina Chun's  Cove St.  Luke's IdO.OO 

4S  Mississippi W^inona Alission  Chapel 100.00 

49  W.  New  Vork Orchard  Park. ...St.  Mark's 200.00 

50  W.Michigan Grand  Rapids.. ..St.  Paul's 200.00 

51  E.Carolina Atkinson St.  Thomas' 75.00 

52  S.  Carolina Hagood Ascension 25.00 

53  Texas Temple Christ  Church 100.00 

54  Indian  Territory. ...Tahlequah Mission 100.00 

55  "  ......Lehigh "        50.00 

56  W.  New  York Sinclairville All  Saints' 150.00 

57  Indian  Territory. ...Tahlecpiah Mission 50.00 

Total $7,403.50 


422  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

It  is  but  just  to  others,  as  well  as  to  ourselves,  to  say  that 
the  Commission  has  voted  to  give  to  thirteen  other  parishes  or 
missions  gifts  of  money  amounting  to  $1,650,  but  that  these 
gifts  have  not  yet  been  taken. 

Our  established  rule  is  to  require  from  the  rector,  in  each 
case  where  a  gift  of  money  has  been  granted,  a  statement  that 
all  payments  on  the  building  have  been  made  excepting  the 
amount  of  our  gift,  which  when  received  will  complete  the 
church  and  free  it  from  debt.  A  gift  not  taken  within  ninety 
days  after  its  grant  is  considered  void. 

The  same  rule  applies  to  loans  which  have  been  voted  by 
the  Commission,  and  not  applied  for  within  ninety  days.  Ex- 
perience has  shown  us  that  if  we  did  not  make  this  rule,  our 
money  would  be  tied  up,  and  applications  for  loans  or  gifts 
could  not  be  acted  upon,  although  we  might  have  the  money  in 
hand. 

LOANS    TO    CHURCHES. 

At  the  date  of  the  last  report  (September,  1894)  270  loans 
had  been  made.  To  this  number  thirty-five  have  been  added 
the  past  year,  making  the  total  305.  The  amount  of  money 
loaned  in  the  past  fourteen  years   is  $327,511.88. 

The  total  amount  of  money  now  outstanding  on  loan  is 
$175,247.67. 

During  the  year  past  $20,480.06  has  been  paid  on  the  prin- 
cipal of  outstanding  loans.  Since  the  last  report  fifteen  loans 
have  been  paid  off  and  the  mortgages  satisfied.  This  makes 
105  churches  in  all  which  have  cancelled  their  indebtedness  to 
us,  and  are  now  absolutely  free  from  debt. 

The  entire  amount  which  has  been  once  loaned,  and  returned 
to  the  fund,  now  exceeds  $152,000.  Having  accomplished  its 
mission,  this  large  sum  has,  from  time  to  time,  come  back  to 
the  treasury  to  be  sent  out  on  new  errands  of  usefulness,  and 
no  small  part  of  it  has  returned  a  second  time  and  been  again 
despatched  to  continue  its  work.  This  illustrates,  very  strik- 
ingly, the  wonderful  power  for  good  possessed  by  every  dollar 
which  is  placed  in  the  fund,  and  is  the  best  argument  for  its 
rapid  enlargement. 

The  commission  closes  its  report  with  a  testimonial  from 
Bishop  Whipple  and  one  from  Bishop  Brooke  as  to  the  value 
of  loans  and  is  signed  by — 

John  Scarborough, 
Edmund  D.  Cooper, 
James  Grant  Wilson. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  423 

LUNCHEON  IN  HONOR  OF  BISHOP  LAWRENCE. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  H.  Christian  gave  a  delightful  lunch- 
eon in  honor  of  Bishop  Lawrence,  at  their  home,  404  Eighth  St. 
S.  The  tables  presented  a  most  attractive  appearance,  with  rare 
old  china,  silver,  cut  glass  and  flowers.  Among  the  distinguised 
guests  present  were : 

Bishops  Whipple,  Nichols,  Dudley,  Sessums,  Doane,  Gilbert, 
Tuttle,  Potter,  Hall,  Atwill,  Coxe,  Rulison,  Perry,  Kinsolving, 
McKim,  Walker,  Talbert,  Nicholson,  Vincent,  Leonard,  Neely, 
Dare,  Randolph;  Rev.  Drs.  Hutchins,  H.  L.  Jones,  Stone,  Lines, 
Harwood,  Brewster,  Parks,  Lawrence,  Hodges,  Grosvenor,  Faude, 
McVickar,  Fulton,  Richards,  Lock,  Burton,  Eccelstone,  Lindsay, 
Holland,  Gardner,  Joseph  H.  Colt,  Huntington,  Greer,  Hart, 
Morgan  Dix  ;  Hon.  R.  Treat  Paine,  Hon.  G.  C.  Sanders,  Hon. 
E.  T.  Wilder;  Messrs.  Remington,  G.  C.  Thomas,  D.  B.  Lyman, 
W.  C.  Edgar,  S.  Elmer,  Col.  C.  McC.  Reeve,  Hon.  Joseph  Packard, 
Hon.  E.  H.  Bennet,  Messrs.  W.  E.  Steele,  A.  J.  C.  Sowden,  J. 
W.  Brown,  Stiver  R.  Nash,  J.  S.  Biddell,  Fred  Payne,  J.  V. 
Merrick.  J.   Pierpont  Morgan,  and  Senator  Edmunds. 


MRS.  L.  K.  HULL  AND  MISS  McNAIR  ENTERTAIN. 

On  October  7th,  from  four  to  six  o'clock,  Mrs.  McNair  and 
her  daughters,  Mrs.  Louis  K.  Hull  and  Miss  McNair,  entertained 
at  their  home  on  Laurel  avenue  in  honor  of  the  diocesan 
officers  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  of  the  Episcopal  Board  of 
Missions.  A  large  number  of  the  ladies  of  the  city  were  in- 
vited to  meet  them,  and  the  spacious  halls,  drawing  rooms  and 
library  were  filled  with  interested  and  animated  women.  The 
house  was  shaded  from  daylight,  and  handsome  lamps  were  used 
decoratively  to  cast  the  warm  light  which  brings  out  the  pret- 
tiest effects  in  women's  toilets.  Open  fires  crackled  cheerily  in 
the  wide  chimneys,  and  the  dark  old  walls,  with  their  tapestried 
hangings,  reflected  the  lights  and  shadows.  Vases  of  deep  red 
roses  were  placed  on  carved  cabinets  and  mantels  in  the  care- 
less grace  which  speaks  of  the  personal  taste  of  a  charming 
hostess.  The  dining  room  was  thrown  open  at  an  early  moment 
for  the  serving  of  the  grateful  cup  of  tea  or  chocolate  after  the 
chilly  autumn  air  without.  The  round  table  was  laid  with  a 
chocolate  service  of  dainty  china  at  one  side  and  a  steaming 
samovar,  tea  urn,  and  array  of  cups  on  the  other.     The  pretty 


424  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

board  was  lighted  with  branching  candelabrums,  holding  numer- 
ous pink  tapers,  and  in  the  center  of  the  table  was  a  large  vase 
of  LaFrance  roses,  that  drooped  a  graceful  loveliness  to  quite 
conceal  the  bowl  that  held  them.  At  a  side  table  was  a  service 
of  cut  glass  for  punch,  and  in  the  hall  was  another  frappe  table. 
The  Florence  Mandolin  Quartette  gave  some  delightfully  dreamy 
music,  which  played  an  undercurrent  to  the  flow  of  talk,  and 
made  one  wonder  why  she  talked  so  well.  Altogether  it  was 
an  unusually  pleasant  gathering.  Among  the  ladies  who  assisted 
were:  Mrs.  H.  P.  Nichols,  Mrs.  George  H.  Christian,  Mrs. 
Hector  Baxter,  Mrs.  Gilfillan,  Mrs.  Washburn,  Mrs.  Morrison, 
Mrs.  Fillsbury,  and  Mrs.  Paine,  in  receiving  the  ladies  ;  Mrs. 
VV.  S.  Steele,  Mrs.  P:ibert  Carpenter,  Mrs.  R.  R.  Rand,  and  Mrs. 
Will  Hallowcll,  at  the  central  table  pouring  tea  and  chocolate; 
Miss  DeLaittre,  Miss  Linton,  Miss  Folwell,  and  Miss  McMillan. 


RECEPTION  TO  BISHOP  AND  MRS.  WHITAKER. 

One  of  the  most  delightful  evenings  in  the  social  world  of 
the  Convention,  was  spent  at  the  home  of  W.  and  Mrs.  Wilk- 
inson, 1325  Girard  Ave.  North,  where  a  reception  in  honor  of 
the  Rt.  Rev.  Ozi  William  Whitaker,  D.  D.,  and  Mrs.  Whitaker. 
There  was  a  very  large  attendance;  amongst  those  present  were: 

Very  Rev.  Dean  Hoffman,  Rev.  J.  N.  and  Mrs.  Blanchard, 
Rev.  Dr.  Waterman,  Hon.  R.  Treat  Paine,  G.  A.  S.  and  Mrs. 
Henry,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  D.  Zynes,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  B.  Turner, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  YA.  Turner,  Mr.  H.  and  Miss  H.  Turner,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Marshall,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Crowley,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Godfrey, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robinson,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  W.  Rand,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Daniels,  Miss  Leadbeater,  Miss  Corsland,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Flill,  Mrs.  Dalham,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  Metcalf,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A. 
Cawcutt,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Runge,  Mrs.  Smith,  Mrs.  Ingalls,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Tufnell,  Mrs.  Hcrmantrout,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gould,  Miss 
A.  M.  Eddy. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wilkinson,  with  their  daughter  Sarah,  and  Mr. 
Henry  Wells  and  Mrs.  Wells,  of  Vermont,  received.  The  old 
friends  of  the  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Whitaker  were  all  delighted  to 
have  an  opportunity  of  meeting  them  in  a  pleasant  social  way, 
and  many  who  had  heard  the  Bishop  preach  in  his  beautiful, 
evangelical,  and  earnest  way,  of  meeting  the  man  face  to  face, 
who  had  so  impressed  their  minds  with  the  transcendent  beauty 
and  nobleness  of  the  service  of  Jesus  Christ  in  his   Church. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  425 

THE  CONVENT/ON  VISITS  FARIBAULT. 

October  1 2th  will  long  be  remembered  as  one  of  the  most 
notable  in  all  the  Convention  of  1895.  Two  special  trains,  given 
by  Mr.  Roswell  P.  Miller,  of  the  Chicago  and  Milwaukee  Ry., 
took  the  members  of  the  Convention  and  invited  guests  to  the 
home  of  Bishop  Whipple.  Col.  Geo.  O.  Eddy  and  Mr.  R.  A. 
Macgregor,  of  the  Diocesan  Committee,  looked  after  the  com- 
fort of  all  on  the  train. 

On  arriving  at  Faribault  the  guests  were  received  by  a  citi- 
zens' committee,  of  which  A.  D.  Keyes  was  chairman  and  H. 
V>.  Hill  secretary,  and  which  had  been  appointed  to  superintend 
the  entertainment  of  the  distinguished  men  composing  the  party. 
En  route,  the  state  institutions  for  the  blind,  feeble  minded  and 
deaf  were  passed,  and  attracted  much  attention  from  the  guests, 
who  appeared  surprised  that  a  state  so  young  should  be  so 
well  equipped  with  public  institutions,  and  who  were  simply 
charmed  with  the  beautiful  scenery  that  met  their  view  from 
the  windows  of  the  cars  on  the  way. 

On  alighting  from  the  train,  the  750  excursionists  found 
more  than  400  vehicles  of  every  description  in  waiting  to  convey 
them  around  the  city,  the  route  lying  from  the  depot  on  Sec- 
ond street  to  Elm,  Elm  to  Third,  Third  to  Main,  Main  to  Front, 
Front  to  Ash,  Ash,  through  Seabury  grounds  via  "old  building," 
the  original  dormitory  and  mission  chapel,  erected  in  1859  and 
now  but  a  crumbling  ruin  and  ancient  milestone  on  the  grand 
highway  of  progressive  civilization,  marking  the  first  step  taken 
b}'  the  American  Church  to  Christianize  the  Indians  of  Minne- 
sota, and  to  educate  the  youths  of  this  North  Star  state  in  the 
ways  of  Christianity  and  religious  culture. 

From  here  the  institution  lor  the  blind  was  passed,  and  many 
of  the  excursionists  were  deeply  touched  to  see  the  sightless 
children  congregated  in  front  of  the  building  to  wave  their 
handkerchiefs  at  the  guests,  whom  they  could  only  hear,  as  the 
procession  moved  on  to  the  institution  for  the  feeble  minded, 
where  again  the  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  the  party  were  greatly 
affected  to  see  the  groups  of  simple  minded  children,  either 
playing  on  the  lawns  or  working  at  some  of  the  various  trades 
taught  at  the  institution,  and  not  realizing  the  purport  of  all 
that  was  going  on. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  427 

The  procession  moved  on,  past  the  numerous  handsome 
buildings  erected  by  the  state,  until  Seabury  Hall  was  reached 
and  the  first  stop  made,  the  guests  leaving  the  carriages  and 
passing  through  the  hall  to  inspect  the  rooms  and  equipments, 
which  were  in  excellent  shape  and  deserving  of  more  than  a 
merely  passing  notice. 

From  Seabury  Hall  the  guests  were  driven  out  Ash  to  Third, 
Third  to  Walnut,  Walnut  to  St.  Mary's  Hall,  where  another 
stop  was  made  and  the  splendid  educational  institution  thor- 
oughly inspected,  to  the  immense  gratification  of  all. 

From  here  the  procession  wended  its  way  past  the  deaf  and 
dumb  institution,  where  the  youthful  inmates  were  gathered  on 
the  beautiful  lawns  and  waved  their  handkerchiefs  at  the  curious 
throng,  who  were  visibly  affected  at  the  touching  sight  of  these 
poor  children,  whom  the  state  is  educating  to  become  useful 
citizens,  welcoming  to  the  best  of  their  ability  the  guests  whom 
the  city  of  Faribault  was  so  royally  entertaining,  and  who  were 
receiving  a  revelation  of  the  greatness  of  this  grand  Northwest. 

From  here,  passing  along  the  bluff  overlooking  the  city, 
and  via  the  library  building  to  Shumway  Hall,  where  an  hour  or 
so  was  spent  in  viewing  the  buildings  and  grounds  and  in  social 
conversation. 

On  the  way  from  the  depot  to  this  resting  place,  the  pro- 
cession passed  through  the  principal  streets  and  under  a  large 
triumphal  arch  bearing  the  encouraging  word  "Welcome,"  where 
a  band  played  inspiring  airs,  and  a  great  crowd  was  gathered 
to  join  in  the  welcome  to  the  Bishops,  Clergy,  and  Laity  of  the 
great  American  Church,  who  were  visiting  the  scenes  of  Bishop 
Whipple's  triumph,  after  many  years  of  indefatigable  labor 
in  building  up  the  greatest  religious  school  in  the  country. 

In  the  big  armory  hall  the  ladies  of  Faribault  served  a  most 
excellent  lunch,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Woman's  Au.xiliary 
of  Faribault,  of  which  Mrs.  James  Dobbin  is  chairman.  The 
arrangements  for  this  lunch  were  carried  out  in  an  admirable 
manner  in  every  detail,  and  certainly  it  was  remarkable  how 
these  ladies  served  the  750  guests  with  a  most  delightful  lunch 
without  delay  or  confusion. 

In  the  drill  hall  of  the  armory,  a  room  about  65x120  feet 
in  dimensions,  were  arranged  long  tables,  at  right  angles  to  a 
table  in  the  center,  at  which  were  seated  the  Bishops  and  their 


Rev.  James  S.  Dobbin,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  429 

ladies.  At  the  head  of  the  table  were  seated  Bishops  Whipple 
and  Coxe,  and  at  the  foot  Bishop  Gilbert  and  Hon.  B.  B.  Shef- 
field, mayor  of  Faribault,  with  Rev.  Dr.  Dobbin,  Rector  of 
Shattuck   School. 

The  entire  company  was  seated  at  once  in  the  great  hall, 
after  Bishop  Whipple  had  asked  a  blessing,  and  with  appetites 
sharpened  by  their  long  drive,  the  guests  lost  no  time  in  par- 
taking of  the  bountiful  feast  that  was  spread  before  them.  The 
menu  consisted  of  chicken  salad,  roast  beef,  tongue,  veal  loaf, 
escalloped  oysters,  sandwiches,  celery,  olives,  coffee,  toasted 
crackers,  cheese,  bread  and  fruit;  and  a  whole  army  of  bright- 
eyed,  pretty  Faribault  maidens  served  the  company  with  a 
pleasant,  easy  grace  that  greatly  enhanced  the  pleasures  of  the 
banquet  and  added  much  to  the  enjoyment  of  the  occasion. 

There  perhaps  was  never  a  feast  where  so  many  people  were 
served  at  one  time  with  absolutely  no  delay  or  confusion  and 
where  everything  passed  off  as  smoothly  as  a  noonday  family 
meal  in  a  well  regulated  household,  and  too  much  praise  cannot 
be  bestowed  upon  Mrs.  Dobbin  and  her  assistants  in  the  Woman's 
Auxiliary  of  Faribault  for  the  excellence  of  their  banquet  and 
its  splendid  service. 

When  the  appetite  of  all  had  been  appeased,  the  mayor  of 
Faribault,  Hon.  B.  B.  Sheffield,  a  graduate  of  Shattuck,  wel- 
comed the  assembled  guests  in  an  eloquent  address  that  was 
frequently  interrupted  by  applause  and  cries  of  "hear,  hear," 
"amen,"  etc.,  as  in  well  chosen  words  he  referred  touchingly 
to  the  venerable  Bishop  Whipple,  whose  untiring  zeal  and  won- 
derful energies  had  combined  with  the  aid  and  will  of  Almighty 
God  to  build  up  a  grand  institution,  which  was  to  last  as  an 
enduring  monument  to  the  unfaltering  faith  of  the  good  man 
who  had  endeared  himself  to  the  hearts  of  the  people  of  Min- 
nesota and  the  American  Church. 

MAYOR  Sheffield's  speech. 

"  Right  Reverend  Sirs,  Ladies  of  tJie  Auxiliary,  and  Gendenicn  of 

the   Convention: — 

"Our  city  is  always  glad  to  open  wide  its  gates  to  nny  rep- 
resentative body  of  men,  coming  from  wherever  and  engaged 
in  whatever  profession  tending  to  the  advancement  of  mankind. 
Of  the  many  gatherings,  religious,  educational,  fraternal,  or 
political,  it  has  been  our   good  fortune  to  entertain,  none  have 


430  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

been  received  more  gladly  than  we  now  welcome  you,  I  speak 
for  every  resident  of  Faribault,  irrespective  of  creed  or  class, 
when  I  assure  you  of  our  hearty  appreciation  of  the  honor 
conferred  upon  our  city  by  the  presence  of  your  distinguished 
body —  men  who  represent  the  best  thought  and  the  highest 
achievement  of  a  great  Christian  denomination,  engaged  from 
the  center  to  the  confines  of  the  Republic  in  pushing  forward 
the  lines  of  higher  Christian  development  and  a  more  progressive 
Christian  civilization ;  men  who  are  foremost,  not  alone  in  re- 
ligious and  ecclesiastical  triumphs,  but  in  every  sphere  where 
intellect  and  nobility  of  purpose  can  broaden  and  develop 
individual  and  national  life. 

"Our  citizens  of  every  denomination — Protestants  and  Catho- 
lics alike  —  unite  in  bidding  you  a  warm  and  hearty  welcome, 
that  is  not  surpassed  in  cordiality  and  sincerity  by  that  felt 
and  spoken  by  members  of  your  own  historic  faith. 

"You  can  have  no  stronger  passport  to  the  hearts  of  our 
people  than  that  you  are  here  as  the  friends  and  associates  of 
our  illustrious  townsman,  the  beloved  and  venerable  Bishop  of 
Minnesota. 

"Some  of  our  citizens  remember  that  rainy  day  in  February, 
nearly  thirty-six  years  ago,  when  they  welcomed  and  offered  a 
home  to  their  first  Bishop,  then  the  youngest  member  of  the 
House  of  Bishops.  Minnesota  had  just  changed  from  territorial 
to  state  laws;  one-eighth  of  the  population  Indians;  scarcely 
more  than  a  dozen  churches  and  chapels  in  the  entire  Diocese; 
these  bluffs  covered  with  the  tepees  of  the  Sioux  and  the  Wm- 
nebagos. 

"Since  that  day  the  consecration  of  church  and  chapel  has 
gone  on  until  they  now  number  one  hundred  and  sixty.  Our 
Indian  congregations  are  now  double  the  entire  number  of  self- 
supporting  parishes  then  entrusted  to  the  young  Bishop's  care; 
these  bluffs  have  been  crowned  with  institutions  of  learning. 
Do  you  wonder  that  these  older  citizens  have  a  special  welcome 
for  you  who  are  here  to-day  to  stamp  this  work  with  the  ap- 
proval of  the  whole  American  Church?  They  have  lovingly 
watched  through  all  these  years  the  masterly  influence  and 
creations  of  that  hand,  guided  by  unselfish  devotion  and  a 
sublime  enthusiasm  for  humanity,  whether  it  be  in  Christianizing 
and  civilizing  the  red  men  of  the  forest,  or  in  building  up  of 
American  manhood  and  womanhood,  through  the  medium  of  a 
high  moral  and  spiritual  education. 

"On  a  tablet  in  the  choir  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London, 
is  inscribed  a  tribute  to  the  builder.  Sir  Christopher  Wren.  I 
would  place  on  these  walls  a  like  inscription  for  the  architect 
and  builder  of  these  schools:  'If  you  would  seek  his  monu- 
ment, look  around.' 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  431 

"It  has  been  said  in  your  Convention  that  Chicago  gave 
Bishop  Whipple  to  the  Church,  and,  again,  that  New  York  gave 
him  to  the  world.  True — but  Faribault  is  not  envious  of  the 
two  greatest  American  cities  for  their  well-founded  claims;  she 
is  satisfied  that  while  she  divides  with  them  his  great  and 
abiding  fame,  no  city  can  share  with  her  his  love  and  attach- 
ment for  his  home. 

"In  a  recent  address  of  the  Bishop's  I  recall  these  words: 
'I  cannot  close  without  paying  my  heartfelt  tribute  of  love  and 
respect  to  the  craftsmen  and  laborers  who  have  worked  out  our 
dreams  into  these  beautiful  buildings.  When  my  work  is  over, 
I  would  rather  have  one  of  these  honest  souls  drop  a  tear  on 
my  grave  than  to  have  the  proudest  monument  which  was  ever 
erected  by  man.'  It  is  this  loving,  thoughtful  interest  which 
has  endeared  him  to  our  people,  high  and  low  alike.  It  is  not 
alone  the  Bishop,  not  the  churchman,  but  the  man  we  love. 

"We  greet  you,  the  friends  and  generous  patrons  of  St.  Mary's 
and  Seabury,  hallowed  with  the  memory  of  Sarah  Darlington 
and  James  Lloyd  Breck,  of  this  school,  blessed  with  the  life- 
long devotion  of  Dobbin — the  Dr.  Arnold  of  Shattuck— institu- 
tions which  we  fondly  believe  are  destined  to  breathe  into 
this  Western  life,  so  rich  in  natural  resources  and  material 
advancement,  an  ennobling  intellectual  religious  culture,  fraught 
with  the  richest  promises  for  American  citizenship. 

"Gentlemen  and  ladies,  again,  in  the  name  of  our  citizens,  I 
bid  you    welcome." 

When  the  hearty  and  well-merited  applause  following  the 
mayor's  welcoming  address  had  subsided.  Bishop  Whipple  arose 
and  introduced  Rt.  Rev.  Arthur  Cleveland  Coxe,  the  venerable 
Bishop  of  Western  New  York,  who,  following  the  example  of 
Mayor  Sheffield,  mounted  his  chair  and  responded  to  the  mayor 
in  that  delightful  vein  which  is  the  eloquent  Bishop's  chief 
characteristic,  and  which  found  responsive  echoes  in  the  hearts 
of  all   present. 

Kich  time  allusion  was  made  to  the  greatly  loved  Bishop 
of  Minnesota,  the  whole  assemblage  broke  into  a  storm  of  ap- 
plause that  must  have  touched  the  sympathetic  Bishop  most 
deeply  and  awakened  within  him  a  justifiable  pride  and  feeling 
of  happiness  that  was  pictured  on  his  countenance. 

BISHOP    COXE's    remarks. 

"Mr.  Mayor — Will  you  allow  me,  on  behalf  of  those  for  whom 
I  am  invited  to  speak  (although  I  see  others  around  me  who 
could  do  it  much  better),  to  express  our  gratitude  for  the  way 
we  have  been  welcomed  to  Faribault. 


Rev.  Samuel  Chandler. 


Rev.  C.  C.  Tanner,  D.  D. 


B.  B.  Sheffield,  Mayor. 


Very  Rev.  Dean,  Wm.  Gardam. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


433 


"It  has  been  to  me  a  day  of  wonders.  I  can  use  no  other 
word.  I  think  all  of  us — those,  at  least,  who  come  from  the 
East,  are  disposed  to  say  there's  nothing  that  can  beat  the 
West.  In  Minneapolis  and  St.  Paul  we  have  received  a  welcome 
and  a  systematic  hospitality  which  has  certainly  not  been  out- 
done by  any  place  that  we  have  had  occasion  to  visit  within 
the  last  half  century,  outdoing  all  we  have  received  before. 

"In  that  respect,  to  you  especially,  Mr.  Mayor,  I  must 
particularly  express  our  gratitude.  In  Minneapolis,  it  seemed 
as  though  the  whole  city  was  conspiring    to    welcome    us    with 


Col.  Geo.  O.  Eddy. 


R.  A.  Macgregor. 


the  best  they  had  to  give,  but,  here,  sir,  surpassing  all,  we 
are  informed  by  you  that  we  are  to-day  the  guests  not  merely 
of  the  religious  institutions  that  would  be  supposed  to  welcome 
us,  not  merely  of  the  mayor  personally,  but  we  are  told  that 
we  are  welcomed  by  the  citizens  of  Faribault,  irrespective  of 
race  or  creed.  Riding  in  your  magnificent  chariot  (or  whatever 
you  are  disposed  to  call  it),  I  am  a  democratic  man  and  take 
the  trolleys,  generally,  or  trudge  along  on  foot;  but  when  I  saw 
what  splendid  equipages  were  before  me  to-day,  what  splendid 
equipages  were  winding  around  your  graceful  curves,  I  was 
thunderstruck.  I  have  never  been  in  such  a  procession  before, 
but  when  I  saw  that  triumphal  arch  of  welcome,  it  carried  me 


434  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

to  those  early  days  when  triumphal  arches  were  only  erected  for 
very  great  men,  and  my  first  experience  that  way  was  the  arch 
of  welcome  to  Lafayette.  Only  a  very  small  part  of  the  honor 
of  that  arch  would  be  claimed  by  me,  as  only  one  member  of 
the  House  of  Bishops;  and  as  it  was  intended  also  to  honor 
the  House  of  Deputies — which  considers  itself  our  masters — 
that  made  my  share  of  the  honor  the  more  infinitesimally  small; 
but  I  straightened  myself  up  with  considerable  dignity  and  tried 
to  look  as  Lafayette  did.  (Much  laughter.)  I  haven't  come  to 
my  point  yet,  and  am  afraid  I  shall  make  a  very  long  speech, 
and  here  are  better  men  longing  to  have  a  chance. 

"I  am  reminded  of  my  classmate  in  1879,  at  Chelsea,  N.  Y. 
The  first  time  I  went  into  the  chapel  I  saw  an  almost  Carmel- 
ite-looking person.  Didn't  know  anything  about  him  or  whether 
we  should  ever  become  acquainted,  but  I  watched  him  atten- 
tively and  his  devout  manner  impressed  me.  He  looked  to  be 
a  man  cut  out  for  splendid  soldiery — and  that's  just  what  he 
proved.  That  man  was  James  Lloyd  Breck.  What  a  soldier  he 
was  we  all  know.  The  results  of  his  bravery  we  see  here  now. 
He  has  three  monuments.  His  history  is  connected  with  three 
of  the  grandest  movements  in  this  country.  He  laid  the  solid 
foundation  stones  at  the  bottom  of  what  you  see  to-day.  He 
was  here,  I  think,  in  '79,  having  already  run  a  great  career  in 
the  influence  he  left  behind  him  in  his  Chelsea  relations,  and 
when  institutions  for  the  Church  had  been  planted  here  he  car- 
ried the  same  work  into  California. 

"We  were  disappointed  that  our  Presiding  Bishop  could  not 
come  to  this  Convention.  I  love  Bishop  Williams;  we  all 
do — especially  the  older  clergy.  But  when  I  saw  that  apos- 
tolic figure  here  in  his  own  Diocese  in  the  presence  of  the 
results  of  his  labors,  celebrating  the  blessed  sacrament  at  the 
altar  and  bestowing  the  benediction,  I  felt  then  that  it  was  a 
providence  of  God  that  he  should  be  in  just  this  place  of 
distinction  in  the  presence  of  the  representation  of  our  whole 
Church,  in  this  noble  Minnesota.  I  am  proud  that  the  history 
of  this  great  state  will  never  be  written  without  mention  of  this 
honored  man;  I  am  glad  that  these  visitors  see  this  specimen 
of  the  work  here  that  is  known  in  all  the  regions  round  about. 
Let  me  go  a  little  further.  The  honor  with  which  the  institu- 
tions of  Faribault  have  been  crowned  is  not  sufficiently  held  in 
common  repute.  In  England  your  Bishop  holds  a  position 
which  ranks  with  that  of  the  venerable  Bede,  because  he  has 
established  this  center  of  Christian  education  in  a  land  hitherto 
occupied  by  a  heathen  race.  He  has  been  made  Dr.  of  Laws 
and  Dr.  of  Divinity,  and  Dr.  of  I  can't  say  how  many  things, 
but  he  doesn't  sufficiently  doctor  himself.  They  greatly  honor 
Harvard  and  Yale,  but  deeper  feelings  are  excited  at  Cambridge 
and  Oxford  when  Faribault  is  mentioned.       I  thank  you  for  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


435 


privilege  of  responding  to  your  welcome;  and  now  but  a  single 
word  more.  I  see  Bishop  Doane  there.  His  father  was  one 
of  the  greatest  benefactors  of  Minnesota.  Did  you  ever  hear 
that  before?  Well  he  was,  whether  you  have  heard  of  it  or  not. 
He  kept  me  from  becoming  the  Bishop  of  Minnesota."  (Laugh- 
ter.) 

The  Bishop  was  most  heartily  applauded  at  the  close  of  his 
address,  and  then  the  whole  company  arose  and  gave  three 
cheers  and  a  tiger  for  Bishop  Whipple,  who  arose  to  his  feet 
and  in  a  voice  nearly  overcome  with  the   emotion    that    welled 


Rev.  E.  G.  Gear,  D.  D. 


Rev.  E.  Steele  Peake. 


up  unchecked  from  his  kindly  heart,  he  related  briefly  the 
history  of  his  early  struggles  and  told  of  the  many  kindnesses 
that  the  people  of  Minnesota  had  bestowed  upon  him,  and  of 
the  generous  assistance  given  him  in  his  efforts  to  build  up  the 
great  educational  branch  of  the  Church  in  Faribault. 

He  was  many  times  interrupted  by  the  enthusiastic  applause 
of  his  hearers,  and  every  mention  made  of  the  good  ladies  of 
Faribault  was  the  signal  for  a  storm  of  applause  that  must  have 
gladdened  the  hearts  of  that  noble  band  of  Auxiliary  workers 
who  had  so  ably  assisted  the  venerable  Bishop  in  entertaining 
his   euests. 


43(3 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


BISHOP    WHIPPLE  S    ADDRESS. 

"No  words  of  mine  can  tell  the  thoughts  that  well  up  in 
my  mind  to-day.  If  thirty-six  years  ago,  when  Faribault  was 
a  hamlet,  about  forty  of  its  citizens,  not  members  of  our  Church, 
asked  me  to  make  it  my  home,  and  pledged  the  help  of  the 
love  and  strength  of  manly  Western  hearts,  which  pledge  they 
have  more  than  kept.  If  any  one  had  said  I  should  live  to 
see  the  representation  of  this  great  American  Church  here, 
visiting  Faribault,  I  should  have  said:  'Lord,  now  lettest  Thou 
Thy  servant  depart  in   peace.' 

"The  mayor  of  Faribault  is  one  of  my  own  boys.  He  and 
the  Bishop  of  Western  New  York  have  praised  me  over  much. 


Confirmation  of  Sioux  Indians  at  Fort  Snelling,  in    1863, 
BY  Bishop  Whipple. 

(No!  no!  no!)  I  have  only  given  to  God  the  will,  and  strong 
hearts  and  willing  hands,  moved  by  the  blessed  Spirit  of  God, 
have  fulfilled  the  dream  of  my  life.  I  mean  what  I  say.  It 
is  not  my  work.  I  have  had  behind  me  a  body  of  laymen; 
and  I  venture  to  say  you  cannot  point  to  one  single  body  of 
helpers  in  any  institution  in  the  United  States  that  have  shown 
such  fidelity  as  mine  have  shown  me;  in  a  very  dark  hour,  when 
it  looked  as  if  we  must  fail,  and  because  it  was  work  for  God, 
I  determined  that  there  should  be  no  falling  back.  Before  that 
dreadful  panic  of  1871,  we  were  ;?30,000  in  debt,  and  a  layman 
present  here  to-day  said:  T  will  never  consent  that  our  Bishop 
shall  take  charge  of  a  dead  horse.  We  made  the  debt  with 
our  eyes  open,  and  he  must  not  assume  the  burden  of  it.'  I 
will  not  rob  that  brother  of  the  benediction  that  comes  from 
God  to  him  that  giveth  with  his  right  hand  without  the  knowl- 
edge of  his  left.       I  will  only  say  that  I  know  at  that  time  he 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  437 

was  worth  less  than  $40,000,  and  he  gave  $4,000  toward  paying 
off  the  debt. 

"It  is  not  with  any  disparagement  to  another  work  if  I  say 
God  has  given  me  a  body  of  teachers  in  these  schools  that 
have  always  given  me  love  unclouded  by  a  doubt. 

"Seabury  School  would  not  have  been  but  for  the  women 
(now  in  Paradise),  one  of  them  my  beloved  wife  — more  than 
my  right  hand — who  took  our  first  divinity  students  to  board, 
and  did  their  washing  with  their  own  hands,  for  $2  a  week. 

"I  thank  God  I  can  say  to-day  there  is  not  a  single  laboring 
man  in  the  city  of  Faribault,  whether  Presbyterian,  Baptist,  Meth- 
odist, or  member  of  our  Church,  who  has  not  stood  behind  me, 
cheering  and  alwaj's  ready  to  help  in  the  work." 

When  the  applause  awakened  by  Bishop  Whipple's  eloquence 
had  subsided,  he  introduced  Bishop  Dudley,  of  Kentucky,  who 
remarked,  after  he  had  gracefully  mounted  a  chair,  that  he  felt  in 
getting  there  like  an  elephant  he  once  saw  that  started  to  cross  a 
bridge  and  turned  back  and  swam  the  stream.  Bishop  Dudley 
said  that,  standing  on  deck  with  the  head  of  the  Londoji  Tifncs, 
who  was  returning  from  "doing"  America,  he  asked  him  what  was 
the  greatest  thing  he  had  seen  there,  and  the  reply  was  "Bishop 
Whipple's  schools  in  Faribault."  The  Bishop  said  that  usually  he 
was  not  ready  to  accept  an  Englishman's  judgment  on  American 
matters — for  instance,  preferred  having  our  own  Bishops — but  he 
did  accept  that  judgment.  His  first  sight  of  the  schools  was 
twenty-six  years  ago,  but  he  was  not  surprised  by  what  he  saw 
to-day,  because  he  saw  then  that  Bishop  Whipple  had  the  hearts 
of  the  people  with  him.  By  way  of  illustration,  he  repeated  a 
story  which  he  said  Bishop  Whipple  knew  was  true.  He  was 
standing  near  the  barn,  where  Bishop  Whipple  had  been  showing 
him  his  horse,  Basha,  and  Maj.  Dyke,  a  friend  of  the  Bishop, 
but  not  remarkable  for  religious  proclivities,  came  up  and  said: 
"Bishop,  I  knocked  a  man  down  on  your  account  the  other  day 
in  St.  Paul.  He  was  asking  what  I  thought  his  chances  our 
way  were  for  the  Senate,  and  I  told  him,  none  at  all.  When 
he  asked  why,  I  said  I  didn't  think  he  was  fit  for  the  place. 
He  said:  'Bishop  Whipple  lives  down  there,  don't  he?'  'Yes.' 
'Well,'  he  said,  'he  ain't  loyal.'  When  he  said  that  I  hit  him 
a  blow  between  the  eyes  and  laid  him  out  on  the  floor,  and  I 
said:  'If  there  air  any  man  wants  to  say  Bishop  Whipple  ain't 
loyal,  I  air  the  man  he  wants  to  say  it  to.'  "  This  same  Dyke 
was  the    man    who    once    told    Bishop    Whipple    he    understood 


Rev.    J.    A.    GiLFILLAN. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  439 

they  wanted  to  send  him  to  Europe,  and  asked  if  he  was  (^oing. 
"No,"  said  the  Bishop.  He  asked  him  why  not,  and  when  he 
told  him  it  was  because  those  cathedral  walls  in  the  condition 
they  were  in  would  be  destroyed  by  the  frost  while  he  was 
away,  Dyke  undertook  to  sign  a  check  to  any  amount  neces- 
sary to  take  care  of  the  walls.  Bishop  Dudley  compared  the 
earlier  conditions  in  the  Faribault  schools  with  the  present 
condition  of  the  University  at  Sewanee,  of  which  he  is  chancellor, 
and  hoped  that  when  the  Convention  comes  to  Atlanta  he  can 
take  it  on  a  special  car  and  show  in  the  country  of  the  black 
man  something  like  what  is  to  be  seen  to-day  in  that  of  the 
red  man. 

Bishop  Whipple  with  an  allusion  to  Bishop  Geo.  Washington 
Doane,  the  founder  of  St.  Mary's,  Burlington,  which  he  called 
a  mother  to  St.  Mary's,  Faribault,  introduced  Bishop  Doane  of 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  who  feelingly  responded  to  the  references  to 
his  father  and  added  there  was  what  might  be  called  a  twin 
sister  to  St.  Mary's  in  St.  Agnes'  School  at  Faribault. 

At  the  conclusion  of  these  remarks  the  whole  company  arose 
and  sang  the  long  metre  doxology  with  wonderful  effect,  and 
Bishop  Whipple  pronounced  the  benediction. 

Then  the  company  assembled  on  the  campus  and  witnessed 
the  cadets  go  through  some  military  evolutions  in  a  manner 
that  evoked  great  applause. 

The  carriages  were  then  re-entered  and  again  the  procession 
moved.  From  Shumway  Hall  it  went,  via  East  road,  Ravine 
and  Third  streets  to  Main,  Main  to  Sixth,  Sixth  to  the  cathedral, 
where  a  short  service  was  held  by  Bishop  Whipple,  and  the 
evacuation  of  Faribault  was  begun.  Down  Sixth  the  procession 
moved  to  Maple,  Maple  to  Fifth,  Fifth  to  Cherry,  Cherry  to 
.Second,  Second  to  depot,  where  the  excursionists  boarded  the 
train  and,  as  the  band  played  "Home,  Sweet  Home,"  the  two 
sections  left  the  hospitable  little  town  and  reached  the  Twin 
Cities  in  safety. 

To  the  people  of  Faribault  and  to  the  W'oman's  Auxiliary 
of  that  branch  of  the  American  Church,  too  much  credit  cannot 
be  given  for  their  generous  hospitality  and  the  excellence  of 
every  detail  of  arrangement  that  enabled  everything  to  go  off 
on  schedule  time,  like  clockwork.  There  were  no  vexatious  or 
tedious  delays,'"no  annoyances,    nor   anything,    even    of   a   most 


Junius  S.   Morgan. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  44 1 

trivial  nature,  to  mar  the  pleasure  of  this  grand  occasion,  and  it 
may  be  truly  said  that  Faribault,  with  its  institutions  and  halls 
of  learning-,  and,  above  all,  with  its  boundless  hospitality,  was 
a  revelation  to  every  stranger  within  her  gates.  The  follow- 
ing named  and  many  other  ladies,  deserve  praise  : 

Mrs.  Theopold,  Mrs.  Scandrett,  Mrs.  S.  L.  Crocker,  Mrs.  E. 
H.  Loyhed,  Mrs.  John  Parshall,  Mrs.  Thomas  Carpenter,  Mrs. 
Lynne  Peavey,  Mrs.  A.  L.  Blodgett,  Jr..  Mrs.  B.  B.  Sheffield, 
Mrs.  Charles  L.  Lowell,  Mrs.  Fox,  Mrs.  E.  L.  Kinsey,  Mrs.  Lyman 
Hawley,  Mrs.  B.  F.  Straub,  Mrs.  L  Brockman,  Mrs.  C.  Weston, 
Mrs.  G.  VV.  Wood.  Mrs.  S.  L  Pettill,  Mrs.  A.  E.  Haven,  Mrs.  G. 
W.  Ehle,  Mrs.  Joel  Heatwole,  Mrs.  M.  H.  Keely,  Mrs.  Thos.  Mee, 
Mrs.  William  Mee,  Mrs.  H.  E.  Barron,  Mrs.  C.  A.  Poole,  Mrs. 
J.  S.  Kedney,  Mrs.  Lula  Clement,  Mrs.  Joseph  Massey,  Mrs.  A. 
M.  Shepard,  Mrs.  E.  C.  Bill,  Mrs.  Stateler,  Mrs.  Sexton,  Mrs. 
George  Vincent,  Mrs.  James  Dobbin,  Mrs.  William  Gardam,  Mrs. 
Noyes  Smith,  Mrs.  Seba  Case,  Mrs.  Mortenson,  Mrs.  Miller ; 
Miss  Grace  Allen,  Miss  Bertha  Theopold,  Miss  Jennie  Scandrett, 
Miss  Nellie  Scandrett,  Miss  Nellie  Abbott,  Miss  Carrie  Abbott, 
Miss  Laura  Parker,  Miss  Charlotte  Grandy,  Miss  Freda  Haven, 
Miss  Florence  Wood,  Miss  Nellie  Grant,  Miss  Celia  Kahn,  Miss 
Family  Benedict,  Miss  Maggie  Lindberg,  Miss  Bessie  Lindberg, 
Miss  Laura  G.  Smith,  Miss  Anna  Wilson,  Miss  Pringle,  Miss 
Masie  Clement,  Miss  Dora  Briggs,  Miss  Carrie  Briggs. 

It  is  always  interesting  to  trace  any  great  work,  or  any 
mighty  results,  from  its  greatness,  or  their  influence  back  to 
the  beginnings.  When  Bishop  Whipple  came  to  Faribault  it 
was  a  frontier  town,  in  a  territory  where  there  were  no  rail- 
roads ;  but  in  it  work  had  been  done  by  Breck  and  the  men 
who  were  with  him  in  the  associate  mission. 

Rev.  James  Lloyd  Breck  began  his  work  at  Faribault  in  1858. 
Manney  and  Peake  had  selected  this  place  in  1857.  Breck 
brought  with  him  Miss  Mary  L  Mills,  who  afterwards  became  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  George  Whipple,  brother  of  the  Bishop,  and 
Miss  Mary  J.  Leigh,  as  teachers.  For  several  years  the  former 
was  of  great  assistance  in  educational  work.  With  Mr.  Breck 
came  the  Rev.  Dr.  P.  Sanford,  an  able  man;  but  he  remained  only 
a  short  time.  A  little  later,  in  the  same  year,  Mr.  Hinman  came 
from  Connecticut^as  a  teacher,  who,  with  Mr.  Tanner,  now  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Tanner,  were  the  first  students  of  the  theological  school. 
The  Rev.   Mr.   Hinman  was  the    first    missionary    to    the   Sioux. 

Bishop  Whipple  began  his  labor  with  four  watch-words,  — 
Faith,  Prayer,  Love,  and  Work.      Old  men  are  yet  living  who  tell 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  443 

of  Gear,  Brcck,  Manney,  St.  Claire,  Holcomb,  and  others,  whose 
influence  can  never  die  as  long  as  Minnesota  Churchmanship 
lives.  Bishop  Whipple,  in  the  summer  heat  of  those  days,  and 
in  the  intense  winter's  cold,  feared  no  danger,  and  prosecuted  his 
work  with  the  ardor  of  an  enthusiast.  It  has  been  well  said,  that 
Bishop  Whipple  carried  a  compass  in  his  head;  whether  this  is, 
or  is  not  true,  he  has  a  wonderful  sense  of  location.  He  used 
to  visit  the  churches  and  missions  amongst  the  settlers,  and  with 
his  horse.  Bash  a,  came  triumphantly  through  dangers  many 
and  perils  oft.  Population  was  coming  into  the  new  West  like 
a  flood,  and  men  were  making  homes  where,  in  Bishop  Kemper's 
day,  the  first  Missionary  Bishop  of  the  Church,  was  solitude. 
In  1864  Bishop  Whipple  was  going  into  the  Indian  country, 
and  was  thrown  from  a  wagon  and  seriously  injured.  B}'  the 
advice  of  his  physician  and  his  friends  in  the  Diocese  of  Min- 
nesota, he  took  a  trip  abroad.  When  in  London  he  met  Mr. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  the  father  of  J.  Pierpont  Morgan.  The  Bishop 
had  known  Mr.  Morgan,  senior,  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  from  which 
state  the  Morgans  came.  In  those  days,  as  now,  Bishop  Whipple 
was  a  striking  figure,  and  Mr.  Morgan,  as  a  devout  Churchman 
and  a  loyal  American,  was  proud  of  the  Western  Bishop  and 
showed  him  much  kindness.  Bishop  Whipple  asked  the  advice 
of  the  Bishop  of  London,  who  was  afterward  Archbishop,  in 
regard  to  founding  schools  at  Faribault.  Mr.  Morgan  knew 
the  Bishop's  desire  to  make  that  place  the  centre  of  Christian 
education,  and  the  first  large  gift  for  this  purpose  Bishop 
Whipple  ever  had  was  from  Mr.  Morgan's  hand.  The  Bishop 
came  home  to  his  work,  and  was  greatly  blessed.  The  years 
passed  by,  and  in  18S8  the  Lambeth  Conference  of  Bishops 
of  the  Anglican  Church  throughout  the  world  was  held.  The 
opening  sermon  was  preached  by  Bishop  Whipple.  He  also 
had  an  appointment  to  preach  in  Westminster  Abbey,  and  on 
that  day  Mr.  Morgan  was  desirous  that  the  Bishop  should 
preach  at  the  Parish  Church  at  Roehampton,  and  so  arranged 
it  that  the  Bishop  was  invited  so  to  do.  Canon  Farrar  released 
Bishop  Whipple,  and  so  he  preached  at  Roehampton.  That 
morning,  at  Holy  Communion,  side  by  side,  knelt  Mr.  Morgan, 
Mrs.  Whipple,  and  Mr.  Alexander  Duncan,  a  Scotch  gentleman, 
who  married  his  wife  in  Providence  and  for  many  years  lived 
in  Cazenovia,  N.  Y.     He  was  a  devoted  Churchman  and  one  of 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  445 

the  most  generous  of  men.  There  is  much  work  in  Minnesota 
in  which  he  had  a  share.  President  Lincoln  appointed  him  as 
one  of  the  Peace  Commission  to  try  and  avert  strife  between 
the  North  and  South.  We  had  no  friend  in  England  whose 
head  and  heart  was  truer  to  our  country.  That  was  a  high  day 
for  these  devout  and  gifted  souls,  and  very  soon  after  they  all 
three  met  in  Paradise,  and  the  Church  of  God  in  Minnesota  lost 
warm  friends.  It  must  have  been  a  proud  day  for  Mr.  Pier- 
pont  Morgan  when,  with  members  of  the  General  Convention, 
he  stood  at  Faribault  and  saw  the  noble  work  his  honored  father 
had  so  effectively  helped. 

Amongst  the  honored  names  which  must  ever  have  a  place 
in  connection  with  the  Bishop's  educational  work  is  that  of 
Mr.  Henry  T.  Welles,  of  Minneapolis.  He,  too,  is  a  Connecticut 
man,  and  one  who  knows  full  well  the  value  of  a  good  education, 
being  a  college  graduate  and  a  scholar.  He  came  to  Minneapolis 
in  an  early  day,  and  was  one  of  a  remarkable  body  of  men 
who  helped  to  make  the  city  what  it  is.  Amongst  their  number 
were  Col.  Stevens,  Isaac  Atwater,  R.  P.  Russell,  L.  M.  Stewart, 
J.  B.  Bassett,  and  Rev.  D.  B.  Knickerbacker,  whose  life-long 
friend  Mr.  Welles  was.  When  St.  Mark's  Church  was  built,  Mr. 
Welles  was  its  most  generous  contributor.  At  one  time  he  gave 
^30,000  to  Seabury  Hall,  and  is  known  to  have  given  $20,000 
more  to  Bishop  Whipple  for  the  schools.  He  was  present  at 
the  Council  which  elected  the  Bishop,  and  has  from  that  day 
to  this  been  a  Churchman,  loyal  and  true.  No  words  of  eulogy 
can  add  to  the  glory  of  such  a  man.  It  is  written  in  the  book 
of  the  recording  angel. 

James  Dobbin,  D.  D.,  the  Rector  of  Shattuck  School  from 
its  beginning  till  now,  a  man  who  has  helped  largely  to  make 
it  what  it  is  and  who  occupies  a  distinguished  place  amongst 
the  educators  of  this  continent,  well  deserves  more  than  passing 
mention.  Himself  brought  up  on  a  farm  till  he  was  eighteen 
years  old,  he  was  prepared  for  college  in  the  academies  of 
Salem  and  Argyle  in  New  York.  He  graduated  at  Union  Col- 
lege in  1859,  and  came  that  }'ear  to  assist  Dr.  Breck  in  his 
Mission  School,  established  at  P'aribault  the  year  before.  Re- 
turning to  New  York,  he  had  charge  of  the  academies  of  Green- 
wich and  Argyle.  In  1864  he  came  to  Faribault  to  study  for 
Holy  Orders.     In   1865  a  grammar  school  for  boys  was  opened  ; 


Rev.  Edward  C.  Bill,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION,  447 

the  divanity  school  and  the  grammar  school  were  carried  on 
together,  on  the  ground  which  is  now  occupied  by  Shattuck 
Schools.  The  building  was  burned  down  on  Thanksgiving  Day, 
1872.  Shattuck  was  so  named  because  the  grounds  were  given 
by  Dr.  George  C.  Shattuck,  a  resident  of  Boston,  Mass.,  and 
one  of  the  best  -  known  laymen  the  Church  ever  had  in  that 
state.  Dr.  Dobbin  has  been  head  of  Shattuck  School  for  almost 
thirty  years,  and  if  success  is  the  true  test  of  ability,  he  is  a 
man  of  marked  power  indeed. 

Amongst  those  who  made  an  impress  wide  and  deep  upon 
church  life  in  Faribault  is  Edward  C.  Bill.  M.  A.,  D.  D.,  born 
in  Brooklyn.  N.  Y.,  July  15th,  1846,  died  in  Faribault,  May  nth 
1892.  His  father,  Charles  E.  Bill,  a  banker,  and  at  the  time 
of  his  death,  the  oldest  banker  in  New  York  State,  was  for  up- 
wards of  fifty  years  warden  and  treasurer  of  Grace  Church, 
Brooklyn.  Dr.  Bill  entered  St.  Stephen's,  Annandale,  in  1867 
and  took  his  B.  A.  degree  in  1870.  In  that  year  he  came  to 
Faribault,  prompted  by  the  love  of  Christ,  and  entered  Seabury 
Divinity  School.  He  graduated  D.  D.  in  1873  and  was  ordered 
Deacon  the  same  year.  He  became  assistant  at  Christ  Church, 
St.  Paul,  and  occupied  this  position  for  one  year.  In  1874  he 
became  assistant  priest  of  the  Cathedral  of  our  Merciful  Saviour, 
Faribault,  and  continued  in  this  capacity  until  iSgi.  He  was 
elected  successively  Professor  of  Liturgies  and  Momiletics  in  Sea- 
bury  Divinity  School,  member  of  the  Standing  Committee  of 
the  Diocese,  Trustee  of  St.  Mary's  Hall,  and  held  all  these 
official  positions  at  the  time  of  his  death.  His  bequests  to  the 
Church,  the  extent  of  them  no  man  knowcth.  He  gave  himself, 
and  as  professor  in  Seabury  returned  his  salary  to  the  board 
year  after  year.  He  placed  a  beautiful  organ  in  the  oratory 
at  Seabury  Hall  in  memory  of  deceased  alumni;  a  superb  brass 
eagle  lecturn  in  the  Cathedral  in  memory  of  the  late  Mrs. 
Whipple,  between  whom  and  himself  a  beautiful  love  existed. 
At  his  death  he  bequeathed  $50,000  to  Seabury,  besides  some 
three  thousand  acres  of  land  to  found  scholarships.  His  great- 
est joy  was  to  serve  the  Church;  he  was  eloquent,  gifted,  intel- 
lectual, possessing  one  of  the  most  cheering  and  lovable  natures, 
an  optimist  always  because  he  believed  firmly  in  God;  he  died 
in  his  prime,  full  of  honor  and  in  the  full  assurance  of  faith. 
His  works  follow  him. 


Silver  Vase,  Presented  to  Bishop  Whipple, 
By  Members  of  the  House  of  Bishops,  in  Memory  of  the  Visit  to  Faribault. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


449 


The  Rev.  E.  Steele  Peake  is  chaplain  of  St.  Mary's  Hall. 
His  whole  ministerial  life  has  been  spent  in  Minnesota.  It  has 
been  one  of  fidelity  and  consecration,  and  has  been  referred  to 
in  this  book  in  connection  with  the  missionary  work  at  Gull 
Lake  and  other  places  amongst  the  Indian  tribes  in  the  days 
of  Dr.  Breck.  There  is  something  fitting  about  a  man  of  Mr. 
Peake's  antecedents  and  experience  being  chaplain  of  a  school 
for  the  higher  education  of  girls;  and  especially  when  it  is  re- 
membered that,  from  its  beginning  till  now.  Bishop  Whipple  has 
had  in  attendance  daughters  of   the  missionary  Clergy,    rightly 


St.  MARY'S  Hall,- Faribault. 

thinking  that  they  should  have  the  opportunity  of  an  education 
which  can  not  be  excelled  by  the  daughters  of  wealthy  laymen. 
PLxperience  has  demonstrated  that,  while  the  daughters  of  the 
rich  have  taken  high  places  at  St.  Mary's  on  their  graduation,  and 
afterwards  in  the  scholastic  world,  in  proportion  to  their  num- 
bers, the  daughters  of  the  Clergy  have  taken  positions  not  inferior. 
Many  are  the  gold  medals  won  at  St.  Mary's,  in  the  examina- 
tions, by  daughters  of  priests  of  the  Church  whose  whole  lives 
have  been  spent  in  missionary  work.  Few  more  useful  or  beautiful 
gifts  could  be  made  than  endowments  given  to  St.  Mary's,  for 


450  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  j 

the  purpose  of  educating  girls  whose  fathers  and  mothers  spend 
their  lives  in  Christian  service.  It  has  been  Bishop  Whipple's 
lifelong  desire  to  secure  such  endowments. 

The  Rev.  C.  C.  Tanner,  D.  D.,  is  the  historiographer  of  the 
Church;  he  is  a  man  of  scholarly  attainments,  unobtrusive,  and 
possessing  gifts  the  very  opposite  of  those  which  many  persons 
think  are  needful  to  success  in  Western  Church  work.  He 
knew  James  Lloyd  Breck  well,  and  was  at  the  council  which 
elected,  and  he  voted  for,  Bishop  Whipple.  He  was  educated 
for  the  ministry  at  Faribault,  and  his  whole  ministerial  life  has 
been  spent  in  Owatonna,  He  was  Rector  so  long  that  the 
memory  of  the  younger  generation  of  Churchmen  runneth  not 
to  the  contrary,  and  he  managed  so  to  work  and  so  to  live  as 
to  command  the  respect  of  every  man  and  of  every  woman  of 
all  religions  and  of  none,  in  that  city  and  the  regions  round 
about.  At  present  he  is  engaged  teaching  in  Shattuck  School. 
There  is  something  exceedingly  beautiful  in  the  thought  that 
the  whole  of  such  a  man's  influence  and  life,  made  sweet  and 
powerful  by  the  grace  of  God,  has  gone  into  the  upbuilding  of 
the  Church  in  the  early  days  of  a  new  civilization. 

Rev.  Joseph  A.  Gilfillan  deserves  a  place  here.  Educated 
at  the  General  Theological  Seminary,  he  is  a  man  of  culture, 
and  of  parts  rich  and  holy.  He  has  for  more  than  twenty  years 
used  his  wealth,  and  given  his  life  a  willing  offering  of  love. 
He  is  the  apostle  to  the  Indians  at  White  Earth,  and  a  nobler 
missionary  the  Church  never  had. 

The  Rev.  Samuel  Chandler  lived  at  Belle  Plaine,  between 
Faribault  and  Red  Wing,  but  he  always  considered  Faribault  as 
"headquarters";  he  never  had  more  than  one  parish,  and  that 
covered  an  area  of  some  twenty-five  miles;  he  never  once  changed 
and  he  never  once  wanted  to  change  his  place;  he  was  not  a  home 
born  child  of  the  Church,  he  was  born  in  the  non-conformist 
fold,  but  every  man  who  was  blessed  with  his  acquaintance  saw 
in  Father  Chandler  the  very  image  of  Jesus  Christ,  Of  no 
man  who  ever  lived,  probably,  could  it  be  more  truly  said  he 
was  content  to  fill  a  little  space  if  God  be  glorified.  He  always 
had  a  very  small  salary,  but  he  pre-empted  one  hundred  and 
sixty  acres  of  land  and  took  a  tree-claim  for  one  hundred  and 
sixty  more.  His  sons  grew  up  around  him  and  became  expert 
farmers,  which  they  are  to  this  day,  each  owning  his  own.      Mr. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  45^ 

Chandler  is  said  never  to  have  failed  to  keep  an  appointment, 
when  it  was  possible  for  any  man  to  have  kept  it.  For  a 
quarter  of  a  century,  in  school  houses,  in  farm  houses  in  out- 
of-the-way  places,  he  baptized,  catechised,  read  with  the  sick, 
celebrated  the  Holy  Eucharist,  buried  the  dead,  read  the  Church 
Service,  and  preached  the  Gospel  of  the  Grace  of  Jesus  Christ, 
which  is  able  to  save  sinners  and  give  them  a  place  with  all  the 
sanctified.  His  whole  life  was  and  is  a  noble  sermon.  He  was 
not  one  of  the  five  hundred  Clergy  for  whom,  American  Church- 
men have  been  told,  the  Churches  of  which  they  are  Rectors 
bear  the  larger  part  of  the  expense  of  missionary  work;  but 
he  gave  his  whole  life  a  cheerful  sacrifice  on  the  missionary 
altar  of  this  Church.  When  he  died,  the  nearest  depot  was 
fourteen  miles  away.  He  did  not  owe  one  dollar  in  the  world, 
and  the  church  at  Belle  Plaine  did  not,  and  not  one  of  his 
mission  stations  did.  The  value  of  such  a  man's  work  is  above 
the  price  of  rubies.  After  his  funeral  Bishop  Whipple  wrote  to 
me  a  letter,  in  which  he  said:  "Will  you  come  to  Faribault 
and  tell  the  story  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Chandler's  life;  it  will  do 
the  students  good.  He  was  one  of  the  holiest,  one  of  the 
humblest,  and  one  of  the  most  faithful  men  I  ever  knew."  As 
historian,  I  have  written  thus  — of  men  like  Peake  and  Tanner 
and  Chandler,  that  all  who  read  this  book  may  see  the  nobility 
of  men  of  whom  they  are  samples,  who  rejoice  as  men  that 
find  great  spoil,  in  that  they  have  a  place  of  service  in  the 
Kingdom  of  Jesus  Christ.  They  could  not  give  wealth,  they 
never  had  any;  but  they  could  and  they  did  give  patient,  earnest, 
clear  thought,  faithful  prayer,  incessant,  long-continued,  hard 
work;  they  knew  and  know  their  Bibles  and  the  Book  of  Com- 
mon Prayer;  they  could  and  they  do  tell  the  story  of  the  love 
of  Jesus  Christ  to  the  children  of  men;  they  helped  and  do 
help  to  make  this  land  of  ours  a  glorious  place  to  live  in;  and 
they  looked  and  they  do  look  for  a  better  country  which  has 
foundations  whose  builder  and  whose  maker  is  God. 

The  Breck  School,  at  Wilder,  Minnesota,  a  boarding  school 
for  both  sexes,  was  organized  and  established  for  the  purpose  of 
affording  educational  advantages  of  an  advanced  order  at  a  very 
reasonable  rate— $130  to  1^150  per  school  year— to  those  who  could 
not  afford  to  send  their  sons  and  daughters  to  the  Diocesan 
Schools  at   Faribault.      The    idea    was  in  the   first  instance  that 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  453 

of  Rev.  D.  G.  Gunn.  In  1888  the  first  building  was  completed 
and  the  school  placed  under  the  charge  of  Mr.  Eugene  Rucker. 
The  following  year  extensive  additions  were  made  to  this  build- 
ing. In  i8gO  it  became  necessary  to  afford  more  ample  accom- 
modations, and  a  boys'  dormitory  was  built.  In  1891  a  substan- 
tial brick  dormitory  for  girls  was  erected,  and  in  the  following 
year  the  present  commodious  and  comfortable  chapel.  The 
money  for  these  buildings  was  contributed  by  residents  of  Min- 
nesota, by  friends  in  the  East,  and  from  the  profits  of  the  school. 
A  chaplain  has  been  for  the  greater  portion  of  the  time  in 
residence,  and  the  moral  and  religious  tone  of  the  school  has 
always  been  excellent.  The  attendance  has  varied,  at  one  time 
reaching  400  different  pupils  during  the  year,  and  then  in  the 
years  when  there  was  general  financial  stress  falling  to  about 
200.  At  present  the  school  is  having  an  average  attendance, 
and  is  recovering  from  depression.  The  principal  is  Mr.  J.  F. 
Joubert,  who  has  been  for  many  years  connected  with  the  School. 
Associated  with  him  are  Messrs.  Dryden  and  Coleman,  and  excel- 
lent corps  of  instructors.  There  is  no  debt  upon  the  school  plant, 
and  only  a  floating  liability  of  $2,000  carried  by  the  Board 
of  Trustees.  The  school  is  a  demonstrated  success.  It  was 
needed  ;  the  sons  and  daughters  of  farmers  living  on  the  prairies, 
who  have  few  good  school  privileges,  require  it.  It  ought  to 
have  an  endowment,  to  do  its  full  work.  Rev.  Dean  Hoffman, 
New  York,  gave  $5,000,  which  enabled  the  Trustees  to  pay  off 
a  mortgage  which  covered  the  property.  The  Treasurer  is  Mr. 
Victor  M.  Watkins,  Merchants'  National  Bank  Building,  St. 
Paul,  Minnesota. 

FACULTY. 

Fred  Joubert,  B.  S.,  Prin.,  Natural  Sciences;  W.  H.  Dryden, 
M.  S.,  Supt.,  U.  S.  History,  Grammar,  and  Latin;  Carrie  E. 
Knieriem,  Preceptress;  E.  P.  Coleman,  M.  S.,  Literature,  Geo- 
graphy, and  Mathematics;  F.  H.  Vail,  B.  S..  M.  Accts.,  Actual 
Business,  Penmanship  and  Pen  Art;  Sarah  Hostetter,  B.  Mus., 
Piano,  Organ  and  Voice;  Frances  H.  North,  Stenography  and 
Typewriting;  Mrs.  E.  P.  Coleman,  Reading  and  Delsarte.  Alice 
Baker,  Librarian  and   Private  Secretary. 

BOARD    OF    TRUSTEES. 

Rt.  Rev.  H.  B.  Whipple,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  Faribault;  Rt.  Rev. 
M.  N.  Gilbert,  D.  D.,  St.  Paul;  Rev.  John  Wright.  D.  D.,  St. 
Paul;    Rev.  James  Dobbin,  D.   D.,   P'aribault;    Geo.  H.  Christian, 


Ven.  Archdeacon  Appleby,  M.  A. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  455 

Minneapolis;  Hector  Baxter,  Minneapolis;  VVm.  Besser,  Windom; 
V.  M.  Watkins,  Treasurer,  St.  Paul;  Ven  Archdeacon  Appleby, 
M.  A.,  Secretary,  St.  Paul. 

The  Archdeacon  is  an  Englishman  by  birth  and  an  American 
by  preference.  He  has  had  long  and  honorable  experience  : 
educated  at  Oxford  ;  ordained  deacon  and  priest  in  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  London ;  served  as  curate  in  the  Dioceses  of  Oxford 
and  Lincoln ;  was  missionary  for  the  S.  P.  G.  Society,  in  the 
Diocese  of  Huron  and  Algona,  where  he  was  examining  chap- 
lain ;  was  seven  years  in  Northern  Minnesota,  where  he  did 
faithful  work  at  nine  mission  stations  and  built  four  churches. 
When  the  ofifice  of  Archdeacon  was  created  in  Minnesota,  he 
was  appointed  to  fill  it  by  Bishop  Gilbert,  in  1888.  Since  then 
he  has  assisted  in  building  thirty-five  churches  ;  was  a  member 
of  the  General  Convention  of  1892.  The  Archdeacon  has  filled 
his  office  with  perfect  satisfaction  to  the  Bishop,  from  his  ap- 
pointment to  this  day.  Such  is  the  man  who  is  secretary  of  the 
Breck  School,  and  he  knows  its  needs  and  possibilities  of  use- 
fulness. 

Rev.  Dr.  Rhodes,  of  Southern  Ohio,  offered  the  following 
resolution: 

''Rcsolvcdy  That  the  House  of  Deputies,  with  most  delightful 
memories  of  the  excursion  to  Faribault  on  Saturday,  October 
1 2th,  extends  to  the  people  of  that  city,  and  Bishop  Whipple 
and  Bishop  Gilbert,  sincere  thanks  for  the  generous  and  abund- 
ant welcome  and  hospitality  with  which  we  were  received, 
that  we  are  profoundly  impressed  by  the  evidence  of  wise 
philanthropy  on  the  part  of  the  state,  and  of  the  pre-eminent 
beauty  and  promise  of  those  great  institutions  of  learning  and 
piety  which  crown  the  years  and  labors  of  the  beloved  Bishop 
Whipple;  and  that  a  copy  of  these  resolutions  be  forwarded 
to  the  Mayor  of  Faribault  and  to  Bishops  Whipple  and  Gilbert. 

"That  at  the  same  time  we  are  not  unmindful  of  the  thought- 
fulness  and  courtesy  of  the  gentlemen  who  provided  a  special 
train  by  which  we  were  carried  to  and  from  Faribault  on  that 
excursion,  and  we  beg  to  offer  him  our  thanks." 

Dr.  Rhodes  moved  that  the  resolution  be  adopted  by  a  rising 
vote,  which  was  done,  after  accepting  an  amendment  offered 
by  Pierpont  Morgan,  inserting  the  name  of  Roswell  Miller, 
president  of  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railroad. 


456 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


THE   CHURCH  CLUB   OF  MINNESOTA. 

The  Ryan  Hotel,  St.  Paul,  was  the  place  where  the  Church 
Club  of  Minnesota  gave  a  dinner  on  Monday,  the  7th  day  of 
October,  to  the  most  brilliant  assembly  which  ever  up  to  that 
date  assembled  within  its  walls.  There  were  fifty-seven  Bishops 
present,  and  the  following  named  gentlemen,  who  represented 
the  diocesan  clubs  : 


Ryan  Hotel,  St.  Paul. 


Francis  L.  Stetson,  J.  Van  V.  Olcott,  New  York  ;  Hon.  A. 
J.  C.  Sowdon,  Edward  L.  Davis,  Robert  Treat  Paine,  and  Hon. 
E.  H.  Bennett.  Massachusetts  ;  Col.  R.  H.  I.  Goddard,  Leroy 
King,  John  Stiness.  C.  G.  Saunden,  and  George  Gordon  King, 
Rhode  Island;  F^.  J.  McMaster,  John  R.  Triplett,  and  Thos.  K. 
Skinker,  Missouri  ;  Lewis  Stockton  and  Harlow  C.  Curtiss. 
Western  New  York  ;  Francis  A.  Lewis,  J.  Vaughan  Merrick,  and 
Rev.  J.  N.  Blanchard,  D.  D.,  Pennsylvania  ;  Dr.  W.  R.  Reynolds 
and  S.  M.  Curtis,  Delaware;  W.  B.  Hooper,  A.  N.  Droun,  Rev. 
H.  B.  Restarick,  Rev.  A.  G.  L.  Trew,  D.  D.,  and  Rev.  E.  B. 
Spalding,  D.  D.,  California;  N.  Pendleton  Schenck,  and  H.  E. 
Pierrcpont,  Long  Island  ;  Rev.  Clinton  Locke,  D.  D.,  D.  B. 
Lyman,  Arthur  Ryerson,  Emory  Cobb,  and  J.  M.  Banks,  Chicago; 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVEXTION.  457 

Rev.  J.  D.  Stanley  and  Rev.  J.  H.  Ranger,  Indiana;  James  J. 
Goodwin  and  Charles  E.  Graves,  Connecticut ;  Rev.  J.  H.John- 
son, D.  D.,  Rev.  H.  Tatlock,  Rev.  VV.  Prall,  D.  1).,  Rev.  T.  W. 
MacLean,  Thomas  Cranage,  H.  C.  Parke,  and  Hon.  Peter  White, 
Michigan;    Charles  W.  Short,  of  Ohio. 

Also  the  following  persons:  Rev.  Samuel  Hart,  D.  D.,  Hart- 
ford, Conn. ;  Leslie  Pell-Clark,  E.  G.  Richmond,  Rev.  E.  VV.  Spald- 
ing, D.  D.,  Rev.  R.  H.  Baldwin,  Rev.  Mr.  Royce,  Rev.  C.  W.  IVfec- 
Nish,  L.  H.  Morehouse,  Rev.  C.  W.  Leffingwell,  D.  D.,  J.  M. 
Hawk,  D.  E.  Branham,  J.  B.  Perry,  G.  L.  Filed,  Rev.  P.  B.  Lightner, 
W.  C.  Edgar.  Rev.  E.  Dray,  J.  W.  Adams,  H.  J.  Horn,  Rev.  A. 
Lawrence,  V.  M.  Watkins,  Dr.  G.  Washington,  C.  M.  Darrow, 
W.  A.  French,  Rev.  B.  F.  Brown,  A.  R.  Kite,  Rev.  W.  McVickar, 
D.  D.,  Hon.  C.  E.  Flandreau,  Rev.  G.  Hall,  Rev.  S.  W.  Frisbie, 
G.  F.  Benedict,  Rev.  C.  L.  Mallory,  W.  W.  Wells,  Rev.  G.  PL 
Ten  Broeck,  J.  Pierpont  Morgan,  M.  B.  Hartman,  J.  D.  DuShane, 
Rev.  H.  L.  Jones,  Rev.  Dr.  Watson,  A.  Scarlett,  John  D.  O'Brien, 
Rev.  C.  C.  Foley,  Rev.  F.  E.  Judd,  Rev.  H.  W.  Jones,  Rev.  Dr. 
Rankin,  M.  H.  Albin,  T.  B.  Beck,  C.  A.  Dibble,  D.  R.  McGin- 
ness,  D.  H.  Hill,  A.  F.  Tillmadge,  W.  F.  Peet,  Rev.  Dudley 
Rhodes,  G.  G.  Whitney,  E.  E.  Lamson,  Rev.  E.  H.  Godard, 
Rev.  E.  A.  Warden,  Rev.  R.  H.  Cotton,  W.  L.  Cullen,  A.  H. 
Cathcart,  Rev.  S.  G.  Jeffords,  Rev.  F.  C.  Coolbaugh,  Rev.  E. 
S.  Lines,  Hon.  J.  J.  Hill,  Dr.  E.  Appleby,  Rev.  G.  PL  Cornell, 
Dr.  H.  Anstice,  Dr.  J.  McLean,  A.  Kennedy,  Rev.  J.  E.  Dallam, 
J.  G.  Pyle,  G.  B.  Spencer,  E.  L.  Temple.  W.  H.  Collin,  F.  D. 
Montfort,  Rev.  G.  F.  Breed,  Rev.  W.  Gardam,  L.  D.  Wilkes, 
L.  P.  Durliner,  A.  P.  Williamson.  G.  E.  Graves,  R.  E.  Graves, 
Rev.  W.  M.  Grattan,  Rev.  D.  Henshaw,  Rev.  C.  A.  L.  Richards, 
D.  D.,  Rev.  G.  M.  C.  Fiske,  D.  D. 

CHURCH    CLUB    MEMBERS. 

John  Q.  Adams,  St.  Paul  ;  Rev.  A.  Alexander,  Minneapolis; 
J.  H.  Ames,  Rev.  C.  D.  Andrews,  S.  C.  M.  Appleby,  Rev.  T. 
H.  M.  V.  Appleby,  St.  Paul;  W.  H.  Allen,  Minneapolis;  Peter 
Baldy,  St.  Paul;  Hector  Baxter,  Minneapolis;  B.  F.  Beardsley 
R.  B.  C.  Bement,  R.  B.  Benedict,  and  James  Blaikie,  St.  Paul 
Thomas  Bouchier,  Minneapolis  ;  Rev.  C.  C.  Camp,  Faribault 
C.  H.  Childs,  Minneapolis;  Arthur  N.  Charters,  P.  H.  Conrad- 
son,  William  Dunlap,  and  D.  M.  Dyer,  St.  Paul;  Rev.  lames 
Dobbin,  D.  D.,  Faribault;  A.  M.  Eddy,  St.  Paul;  George  O.  Eddy, 
Minneapolis;  Geo.  B.  Edgerton,  St.  Paul;  Geo.  V.  Edwards, 
Minneapolis;  Major  John  Espy  and  Wm.  C.  Evans,  St.  Paul; 
Geo.  C.  Farnham  and  Fred  P'arrington,  IVIinneapolis;  John 
Farrington,  St.  Paul  ;  Rev.  J.  J.  Faude,  Minneapolis  ;  C.  H. 
Fontlcroy,  St.  Paul;  W.  B.  Folds.  Minneapolis;  H.  H.  Galusha 
and  Thomas  Gaskell,  St.  Paul  ;  Wm.  H.  Ciibson,  Minneapolis; 
Rev.  A.  T.  Gesner,  E.   B.    Graves,  and  W.  !S.  Gilliam,  St.   Paul; 


458 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


C.  M.  Hardenburgh,  C.  M.  Harrington,  Willis  P.  Hall,  and  E. 
W.  Hawley,  Minneapolis  ;  S.  M.  Hayes  and  John  C.  Hill,  St. 
Paul;  E.  H.  Holbrook  and  Rev.  H.  M.  Hood,  Minneapolis;  E. 
E.  Harlcy,  S.  E.  Hall,  Chas.  J.  Ingles,  Thomas  Irvine,  and 
James  I.  Jellett,  St.  Paul;  A.  P.  Kilbourne,  M.  D.,  Rochester; 
Rev.  Charles  F.  Kite,  St.  Charles;  Rev.  J.  M.  V.  King,  Hastings; 
\V.  T.  Kirkc,  P^dward  Kopper,  VV.  R.  Ladd,  and  Philip  Lamson, 
St.  Paul;  J.  F.  Langton  and  W.  D.  Lawrence,  M.  D.,  Minneapolis; 
W.  H.  Lightner,  St.  Paul;  P.  H.  Litchfield,  D.  C.  McConn,  Geo. 
A.  McDougall,  and  Robert    A.    Macgregor,   Minneapolis;    L.  L. 


Judge  R.  R.  Nelson. 


Frank  O.  Osborne. 


May,  F.  B.  Millard,  and  Hon.  W.  R.  Merriam,  St.  Paul;  Walter 
S.  Milnor,  Minneapolis;  W.  F.  Myers,  H.  T.  Meginnis,  and  Hon. 
R.  R.  Nelson,  St.  Paul;  G.  H,  Normington,  Minneapolis;  Hon. 
J.  I-'".  Norrish,  Hastings;  Harvey  Officer  and  Frank  O.  Osborne, 
St.  Paul;  Frederick  Paine  and  H.  C.  Plant,  Minneapolis;  E.  W. 
Peet.  St.  Paul;  Rev.  J.  W.  Prosser,  Minneapolis;  G.  M.  P.  Prid- 
ham,  St.  Paul;  Rev.  C.  H.  Remington,  Minneapolis;  L.  L.  Reno, 
White  Bear  Lake;  J.  C.  Reno,  Minneapolis;  J.  J.  Rhodes,  St. 
Paul;  W.  H.  Ritchie,  Minneapolis;  Rev  C.  C.  RoUit,  Redwing; 
Wm.  Saeger,  Minneapolis;  T.  L.  Schurmeier,  VV.  J.  Sleppy,  Hon. 
H.  F.  Steves,  and  J.  Magill  Smith,  St.  Paul;  James  H.  Southall, 
St.  Anthony  Park  ;  Hon.  Chas.  A.  Strobeck,  Litchfield  ;  F.  W. 
Sturtcvant,  T.  D.  H.  Sill,   and  W.  S.    Timberlake,  St.    Paul  ;    J. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  459 

H.  Titus,  Minneapolis  ;  IT.  C.  Theopold,  Faribault  ;  E.  H.  C. 
Taylor,  St.  Anthony  Park;  J.  R.  Vanderlip,  Minneapolis;  R.  E, 
Van  Kirk  and  Harry  Warner.  St.  Paul;  Rev.  Frederick  T.  Webb, 
Thomas  E.  Weeks,  and  E.  F.  Weitzel,  Minneapolis;  Hon.  E.  T. 
Wilder,  D.  C.  L.,  Redwing ;  Melva  j.  Wilgus,  Maj.  Chas.  H. 
Whipple,  Maj.  Geo.  Q.  White,  Wm.  G.  Whitehead,  Rev.  John 
Wright.  D.  D.,  A.  A.  White,  W.  H.  Yardley,  C.  H.  Ziegler,  St. 
Pauf;    L.  O.  Merriam,  Rev.  Mr.  Butler,  C.  J.  Gutgesell. 

Hon.  R.  R.  Nelson,  President  of  the  Club,  was  chairman. 
The  divine  blessing  was  asked  by  Bishop  Whipple.  Exquisitely 
beautiful  flowers  adorned  the  tables.  The  dinner  took  up  an 
hour  and  a  half ;  then  the  speeches  followed.  Judge  Nelson 
made  an  impressive  speech,  and  was  followed  by  Bishop  H.  C. 
Potter,  who  spoke  for  the  Church  in  the  East  in  a  way  which 
brought  cheer  to  the  souls  of  western  men.  He  is  a  great 
man  in  a  mighty  Diocese,  and  knows  and  realizes  the  fact  that 
the  Churches  of  which  he  is  the  chief  shepherd  must  help  the 
Churches  West  and  South.  The  speech  was  on  the  lines  of  the 
oneness  of  the  Church,  and  that  the  East  desires  to  have  it  so. 
The  speech  was  full  of  wit,  and  had  in  it  earnest  pathos. 

THE    CHURCH    IN    THE    WEST. 

Bishop  W.  F.  Nichols,  of  California,  spoke  for  the  Church 
in  the  West.  He  advocated  the  provincial  system,  and  said 
we  in  the  West  are  in  a  constructive  age,  and  far-reaching  plans 
need  now  to  be  made,  so  that  the  foundations  of  the  Church 
in  the  West  may  be  laid  wisely  and  well.  The  West  appeals 
to  the  East  to  be  assisted  in  all  her  work  for  God  and  man,  by 
asking  that  the  Church  legislate  in  a  helpful  way.  The  close 
of  the  speech  was  very  powerful.  The  Bishop  asked  that  it 
be  placed  on  record  that  California  asked  that  the  first  General 
Convention  of  the  Church  in  the  twentieth  century  be  held  in 
California.  "  Come  out  to  the  Golden  Gate.  You  shall  see  the 
wonders  God  hath  wrought,  and  behold  the  religious  fervor  of 
His  people  there." 

THE  CHURCH  IN  THE  SOUTH. 

Bishop  Sessums,  of  Louisiana,  spoke  for  the  Church  in  the 
South.     He  said  : 

"The  subject  is  one  of  a  very  peculiar  nature,  and  I  feel 
somewhat  'temerarious'  in  undertaking  it.  I  feel  sufficiently 
proud  and  humble  in  speaking  of  it,  for  there  is  a  silver  band 


460  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

unitiniT  the  Churches  of  Minnesota  and  Louisiana,  and  it  will 
never  be  broken  as  long  as  the  father  of  waters  rises  in  the 
one  and  flows  to  the  other. 

"  During  the  war  a  Johnny  Reb  and  a  Yankee  boy  were 
swapping  jack-knives  and  yarns  at  the  picket  line,  when  the 
Yank  said  to  the  Johnny  Reb :  '  See,  here,  Johnny,  you  fight 
mighty  well,  but  you  'pear  to  be  mighty  poor;  you  ain't  hardly 
got  no  clothes.'  'Well,  Mr.  Yank,  ef  ye  think  I  fight  mighty 
well  with  these  rags  on,  jes'  wait  till  I  ain't  got  no  clothes  on 
at  all — then  see  me  fight.'  That  is  just  like  the  Church  in  the 
South ;  we  have  been  poor,  but  we  have  fought  our  battles 
well  ;  not  battles  with  merely  carnal  weapons,  but  battles  of 
intellectuality.  We  have  not  been  able  to  do  as  the  boy  tried 
to  make  the  old  hen  do.  His  father  chided  him  for  putting 
more  eggs  under  a  hen  than  such  a  bird  is  usually  expected  to 
cover,  and  defended  himself  by  stating  he  just  wanted  to  see 
the  old  hen  spread  herself.  We  have  not  been  able  to  spread 
ourselves,  because  we  have  not  had  the  means  ;  but  we  have 
been  having  a  slow,  steady  growth. 

"When  asked  by  a  Northerner  visiting  our  state  what  we  were 
doing  for  the  colored  race,  I  replied,  not  so  fully  nor  so  elo- 
quently as  I  should  :  '  Why,  we  provide  the  negro.'  I  wish  it 
understood  that  I  know  no  color  line  in  administering  the  gospel 
of  Jesus  Christ." 

The  Bishop  made  a  very  long  but  eloquent  address,  mainly 
directed  in  defending  his  section  from  some  of  the  ideas  pre- 
vailing in  other  parts  of  the  Union  regarding  it,  and  his  words 
were  remarkably  well  chosen  and  received, 

THE    CHURCH    IN    THE    MISSISSIPPI    VALLEY. 

The  Rt  Rev.  G.  F.  Seymour,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D.,  Bishop  of 
Springfield,  said  : 

"  I  shall  begin  by  telling  you  a  secret.  I  was  informed  there 
would  be  a  car  in  waiting  at  11:30  o'clock.  In  our  Church,  you 
know,  we  teach  the  doctrine  of  self-sacrifice.  I  will  immolate 
myself,  and,  while  I  have  the  grandest  opportunity  of  my  life 
by  talking  of  the  greatest  country  on  earth  and  the  great 
Church  in  the  Mississippi  valley,  yet  I  will  forbear,  for  I  do 
not  wish  to  lead  a  procession  of  Churchmen  traveling  to-night 
on  foot  from  St.  Paul  to  Minneapolis  Some  foot  pads  from 
the  East  might  order  me  to  hold  up  my  hands,  and  I  do  not 
want  to  hold  them  up,  save  in  reverence  to  the  great  Creator, 
who  has  given  us  this  wonderful  Mississippi  valley,  with  its 
cities  of  Minneapolis,  St.  Paul,  Chicago,  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City, 
and  New  Orleans.  Of  the  Church  in  these  cities,  I  now  have 
a  grand  oi)portunity  to  speak,  but  I   will    ask    you    to    look    on 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  46 1 

me  as  the  sacrifice  offered  up  by  this  Club  for  the  sins  of  this 
General  Convention." 

THE  CHURCH  IN  FOREIGN  LANDS. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  F.  R.  Graves,  S.  T.  D.,  Bishop  of  Shanghai, 
China,  said : 

"I  might  say  I  am  on  this  program  because  across  the  great 
Pacific  the  East  and  the  West  join  hands. 

"  My  district  is  free  from  diocesan  jealousies,  and  its  head- 
quarters have  been  changed  from  China  to  Japan  and  back  again 
to  China,  and  yet  we  have  patiently  labored.  But  if  you  want 
to  see  the  foreign  missionaries  succeed,  you  must  send  them, 
not  by  ones  and  twos,  but  by  armies,  for  that  is  the  only  way 
the  hosts  of  sin  can  be  vanquished  and  the  heathen  brought  to 
Christ." 

Mr.  F.  O.  Osborne,  Secretary  of  the  club  and  all  its  offi- 
cials, deserve  credit  for  the  arrangements,  which  were  admir- 
able in  every    way. 


TNE   UNIJERSITY  OF  THE  SOUTH. 

It  was  a  picture  for  angels  and  men  to  take  note  of  when, 
at  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  in  America,  good  Bishop  Ouin- 
tard,  of  Tennessee,  placed  a  wooden  cross  on  the  hill  where  the 
university  now  stands,  knelt  down  and  prayed,  rose  and  said, 
"I  here  will,  by  the  grace  of  God,  build  the  University  of  the 
South."  Few  braver  men  ever  lived  than  he,  and  none  more 
resolute.  This  is  an  instiution  founded  to  promote  sound  learn- 
ing and  high  Christian  culture.  In  many  ways  its  success  has 
been  phenomenal. 

At  the  meeting  at  the  West  Hotel,  the  graduates  of  the  uni- 
versity who  were  in  attendance  at  the  Convention,  with  their 
friends,  took  diiuicr  together.  It  goes  without  saying  that  the 
dinner  was  good.  But  that  was  with  these  men  a  small  matter; 
they  had  come  as  one  man  to  hear  and  speak  about  their  dear 
alma  mater.  About  one  hundred  were  present,  and  all  sliarcd 
the  common  joy. 

Bishop  Sessums  was  the  presiding  officer  of  the  evening,  and 
he  introduced  the  various  speakers  very  gracefully.'  In  open- 
ing the  intellectual  part  of  the  program,  he  delivered  a  very 
touching  address,  full  of  warmest  love  for  the  University  of 
Sewanee. 


Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Todd  Quintard,  D.  D.,  S.  T.  D.,   LL.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  463 

Bishop  Dudley,  of  Kentucky,  was  the  first  speaker,  and  his 
subject  was  "The  University  of  the  South."  He  believed  that 
it  was  to  become  a  great  influence  in  the  land  if  it  would 
always  be  true  to  the  idea  of  the  forefathers  who  started  it  and 
intended  it  to  stand  for  Christ  first  of  all.  He  loved  the  college 
because  it  was  an  exponent  of  plain  living  and  high  thinking. 
It  had  begun  under  great  difficulties  and  little  encouragement 
and  it  was  to  be  congratulated  on  its  great  record.  Bishop 
Potter,  of  New  York,  spoke  on  "The  Church  University  Idea," 
and  told  a  few  capital  stories  very  brightly  indeed.  The  Bishop 
said  that  the  idea  of  the  University  was  not  luxury,  but  sim- 
plicity and  purity  and  sound  thinking.  Wealth  is  not  the  best 
thing  of  all  for  a  University;  oftentimes  poverty  is  not  a  great 
misfortune.  The  finest  quality  of  the  Sewanee  University  was 
that  it  had  come  forth  from  conditions  of  poverty  most  pathetic 
in  a  truely  heroic  way  and  given  the  world  great  men  who  had 
enriched  the  intellectual  atmosphere  wherever   they    had   been. 

Bishop  Doane  spoke  on  "The  Church  University  Board  of 
Regents."  He  said  that  the  two  central  ideas  of  the  University 
was  that  the  Church  was  against  uneducated  Christianity  and 
unchristian  education.  In  the  past,  as  a  rule,  men  of  science 
have  known  nothing  of  religion  and  men  of  religion  nothing  of 
science,  and  it  is  now  time  for  the  Church  to  show  that  she 
can  produce  men  well  equipped  in  all  branches  of  scientific 
thought,  so  that  one  may  be  the  complement  of  the  other. 

Bishop  Thompson  spoke  upon  "The  Board  of  Trustees." 
He  said  he  did  not  know  just  why  he  was  put  on  the  board, 
but  was  determined  to  do  his  duty.  He  felt  that  the  men 
make  the  University,  and  not  great  buildings  and  apparatus. 
You  cannot  extemporize  a  great  college;  it  must  grow,  not  so 
much  in  endowments  and  buildings  as  in  mental  scope  and 
power.  If  money  is  the  shie  qua  /ion,  then  Bishops  and  Parsons 
are  the  very  worst  timber  for  trustees.  Trustees  ought,  indeed, 
like  vestrymen,  to  be  elected,  among  other  things,  to  draw  their 
checks;  but  better  than  for  their  real  personal  interest  in  the 
institution.  Sewanee  is  going  to  be  endowed.  It  has  the  con- 
fidence of  the  entire  Southern  Church;  and  in  time,  that  will 
be  the  richest  endowment  that  it  can  have. 

Bishop  Dudley,  the  vice  chancellor,  said  that  the  instructors 
of  the  University  must  have  bread  to  cat;  and  Pierpont  Morgan, 


464  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

of  New  York,  who  sat  near  him,  was,  on  several  occasions  in 
the  past,  the  source  from  which  had  been  drawn,  not  only 
sympathy,  but  large  pecuniary  gifts. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Crockett,  of  Texas,  spoke  upon  "The  Theo- 
logical Department  of  the  University."  The  very  fact  that  it 
has  such  a  department  shows  that  it  is  a  real  University,  em- 
bracing all  branches  of  learning.  Sewanee  educates  the 
character  of  its  students,  making  the  Christian  gentlemen  in  the 
highest  possible  sense.  Its  graduates,  as  professional  men, 
ministers,  have  literally  covered  the  land.  At  least  one-third 
of  its  graduates  have  actually  entered  the  Christian  ministry. 
All  its  graduates  have  learned  the  true  ideal  of  self-sacrifice, 
as  exemplified  in  Jesus  Christ.  The  center  of  a  great  influence 
for  good,  without  it  the  entire  South  would  be  just  so  much 
the  poorer  in  mental  and  spiritual  power.  The  Southern  Church 
has  received  its  tone  from  this  University.  The  Clergy,  who 
are  its  graduates,  impart  their  uplift  to  their  hearers;  and  so 
the  influence  of  the  University  is  universal.  He  told  a  story 
about  a  Texan  who  defined  "Episcopal":  "A  ferocious  animal 
to  be  found  in  the  wilds  of  Georgia!"  To  such  people  does 
the  influence  of  the  Sewanee  spread  to  their  unspeakable  good. 
Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix  responded  to  "Our  Honorary  Alumni." 
He  counted  the  degree  he  received  from  Sewanee  as  one  of  the 
greatest  honors  and  pleasures  of  his  life.  He  recalled  with 
great  pleasure  his  first  visit  to  the  University.  Old  Bishop 
Green  was  then  alive  and  present. 

I^ishop  Dudley  (the  present  vice  chancellor)  was  introduced 
by  him  to  the  large  audience  present,  to  take  the  place  of  a 
speaker  who  was  absent.  He  recalled  many  other  "young  per- 
sons" who  escorted  him  around,  who  are  now  Bishops  in  the 
Church  of  God.  His  anecdotes  were  most  amusing,  and  de- 
lighted the  large  number  of  attentive  listeners.  He  said  that 
the  charm  of  the  place  still  lingers  in  his  memory,  and  he  has 
the  greatest  respect  for  and  confidence  in  the  University  of  the 
South,  because  of  its  romantic  position,  because  of  its  social 
surroundings  and  because  of  its  Episcopal  government  by  all  the 
Bishops  of  the  South.  Dr.  Dix  believes  in  Sewanee's  future, 
if  the  men  who  live  there  only  have  needful  faith  and  patience. 
Rev.  Dr.  Powers,  of  Montgomery,  Ala.,  spoke  upon  "The 
]{ndowment."       He  told  the  story  of  a  negro  who    wished    her 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  46 S 

child  baptized,  but  had  no  name  for  it  to  be  baptized  with. 
So  is  it  with  Sewanee.  It  has  been  born,  but  actually  has  no 
endowment  to  go  forth  conquering  and  to  conquer.  All  that 
she  has,  of  land  and  buildings,  has  been  gotten,  not  by  gift, 
but  is  the  fruit  of  great  self-sacrifice.  This  ought  to  inspire 
those  who  come  after  to  give  of  their  means  for  the  "endow- 
ment" of  the  University.  Others  must  share  in  the  sacrifice. 
The  vice  chancellor  has  just  received  ^40,000  for  the  "endowment." 
May  this  be  but  the  commencement  of  the  shower  which  will 
develop  into  a  heavy  rain  of  money  and  means  of  all  kinds. 
A  scheme  has  been  organized  to  "guarantee"  the  expenses  of 
the  University  for  at  least  five  years.  The  guarantee  now 
amounts  to  $1,250  per  annum. 


CHURCH  UNITY  SOCIETY. 

This  society  held  its  triennial  meeting  at  the  West  Hotel, 
in  the  afternoon  of  the   15th,  and  transacted  its  business. 

Among  the  more  prominent  of  those  present  were  the  Bishops 
of  Pittsburg,  Easton,  Kansas,  Oklahoma  and  Spokane,  with  the 
Bishop  of  Delaware  presiding,  and  Bishop  Penick  also  present. 
Representing  the  Clergy  were,  among  others.  Rev.  Drs.  Nevin, 
Bliss,  Roberts,  Olmstead;  Rev.  Messrs.  Green,  Forrester,  Royce, 
Moore,  Haupt  and  Quennell.  Of  the  laity  were  noticed  Judge 
Stiness  and  Messrs.  Brown,  of  Newport;  Fairbanks,  Moorehousc, 
Griffith  and  Butler,  so  the  large  number  of  Dioceses  represen- 
ted were  not  confined  to  any  particular  section,  but  the 
gathering  was  cosmopolitan,  being  from  all  parts  of  the  United 
States. 

The  following  officers  were  elected,  the  Presiding  Bishop 
being  honorary  president,  and  the  sixty-four  other  Bishops 
being  honorary  vice-presidents,  ad  litem: 

Acting  President,  Rt.  Rev.  Leighton  Coleman,  D.  D.,  Bishop 
of  Delaware. 

Acting  Vice-President,  The  Rev.  Henry  Y.  Sattcrlcc,  D.  D,, 
New  York. 

General  Secretary,  The  Rev.  G.  VVoolsey  Hodge,  334  S. 
Thirteenth  St.,  Philadelphia,   Pa. 


466  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Recording  Secretary,  David  Goodbread,  635  Walnut  St.,  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa. 

Treasurer,  Frances  S.  Kecse,  635  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Executive  Committee,  the  acting  officers  and  Rev.  John 
Fulton,  D.  D.,  Rev.  S.  D.  McConnell,  D.  D.,  Rev.  Herman  C. 
Duncan,  D.  D.,  Rev.  George  Hodges,  D.  D..  Rev.  Chauncey  B. 
Brewster,  Rev.  R.  H.  McKim,  D.  D.,  Rev.  J.  DeWolf  Perry, 
D.  D.,  Rev.  E.  P.  Gould,  D.  D.,  Rev.  William  Ely,  Rev.  W.  S. 
Sayres,  Rev.  Thomas  Richey,  D.  D. 

After  the  election  of  officers,  acting  Secretary  Moore  read 
the  report  of  the  Executive  Committee,  which  showed  that  the 
Committee  do  not  look  for  unity,  other  than  as  it  can  be  brought 
about  by  long,  prayerful,  wise  and  educational    methods. 

Addresses  were  made  by  Rev.  Mr.  Royce,  Dr.  Roberts, 
Bishop  Millspaugh,  Rev.  Stephen  H.  Green  and  others,  the 
most  striking  being  those  of  Mr.  Green,  of  St.  Louis,  who  thought 
the  Clergy  of  the  Episcopal  Church  should  try  to  cultivate  a 
kindlier  feeling  toward  other  sects,  and  exhibit,  both  in  pulpit 
and  out,  a  spirit  of  charity  and  love,  without  sacrificing  the  es- 
sentials of  the  Church,  nor  insisting  upon  the  non-essentials, 
but  rather  maintaining,  in  their  relations  to  other  sects  and 
denominations,  "in  essentials,  unity;  in  non-essentials,  liberality; 
and  in  all  things,  charity." 

Mr.  Royce  spoke  on  the  importance  of  self-sacrifice  and  the 
necessity  for  every  Churchman  to  lay  aside  personal  interests 
and  work  for  the  unity  of  Christian  denominations  in  the  spread- 
ing of  Christ's  Gospel. 

As  many  persons  are  unfamiliar  with  the  objects  and  principles 
of  this  Church  Unity  Society,  we  give  them  in  the  form  an- 
nounced by  the  society  itself. 

Object — The  object  of  this  society  is  to  promote  church 
unity  by  fostering  a  desire  for  the  same,  by  prayer,  and  by  dis- 
seminating sound  information  concerning  the  true  principles  of 
church  unity  by  tracts,  books,  public  meetings,  lectures,  sermons, 
the  press  or  any  other  legitimate  way. 

Principles — This  society  shall  seek  for  reunion  upon  the 
following  declaration  of  principles  as  set  forth  by  the  House  of 
Bishops  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  General 
Convention  of  1886,  and  re-affirmed  by  the  Lambeth  Conference 
in  July,   1888. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  467 

In  the  evening  a  meeting  was  held  in  St.  Mark's  Church, 
Bishop  Coleman  presiding,  Bishop  Whitehead,  Rev.  Dr.  Hart, 
and  Bishop  Potter  were  the  speakers.  The  meeting  closed  with 
prayers. 

RECEPTION  GIVEN  BY  MR.  AND  MRS.  7.  y.  HILL. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  J.  Hill  in  a  most  graceful  manner  invited 
the  members  of  the  General  Convention  and  their  wives,  and 
a  long  list  of  citizens  of  the  state,  and  distinguished  persons, 
to  a  reception,  which  was  held  on  the  night  of  October,  the 
fifteenth.  So  greatly  did  the  event  impress  the  Bishop  of  New 
York,  H.  C.  Potter,  that  he  declared  publicly  in  Minneapolis,  two 
da}'s  after,  that  its  grace  and  charm  would  abide  as  a  landmark 
in  Convention  history,  and  as  a  step  toward  Christian  Unity. 
It  is  well  known  that  Mrs.  Hill  is  a  very  loyal  and  devout 
Roman  Catholic,  and  Mr.  Hill,  when  recently  giving  that  Church 
a  seminary  and  equipment,  said,  in  a  crowded  assembly,  that 
he  gave  it  because  the  Catholics  in  the  West  had  not  many 
rich  men  to  help  them;  because  of  the  quiet,  faithful  life,  for 
a  quarter  of  a  century,  of  the  priest  who  had  ministered  to  his 
family;  but  most,  because  of  the  life  of  his  wife,  of  whom  it 
might  with  truth  be  said,  "Blessed  are  the  pure  in  heart,  for 
they  shall  see  God."  It  was  in  a  home  where  such  a  wife  and 
mother  lives  that  the  reception  was  given,  and  all  felt  its  charm 
and  power.  The  house  itself  is  superb  in  all  its  arrangements, 
and  is  on  the  highest  part  of  St.  Paul,  overlooking  a  magnifi- 
cent valley.  It  is  built  of  stone,  and  has  an  appearance  of 
massiveness,  as  if  it  intended  to  stand  forever.  It  was  to  this 
home  the  guests  were  invited,  and  to  which  more  than  a  thou- 
sand came.  While  the  attendance  of  guests  was  very  large,  }-et 
the  amplitude  of  the  Hill  mansion  gave  so  much  room  that  the 
idea  of  a  crowd  was  entirely  absent.  When  the  guests  had  laid 
off  their  wraps  and  descended  to  the  main  floor,  they  were  met 
by  the  ushers,  who  were  Messrs.  W.  N.  Armstrong,  T.  L.  Schur- 
meir,  W.  H.  Lightner,  A.  Dalgren,  Findley  Shepherd,  Chas. 
Otis,  M.  J.  Boyle,  Ed  Halbert,  H.  P.  Bend,  W.  C.  Farrington, 
Dan  Hand,  and  E.  W.  Durant,  Jr.,  who  presented  them  to  the 
ladies  and  gentlemen  who  received;  these  were  Rt  Rev.  Bishop 
Whipple,   Mrs.  Dr.  John  Wright,    Rt.   Rev.    Bishop    Gilbert  and 


James  J.  Hill. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  469 

Mrs.  Gilbert,  and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  James  J.  Hill,  who  were  sta- 
tioned in  a  group  in  the  reception  room. 

During  the  evening  the  guests  spent  much  time  in  looking 
at  the  splendid  art  gallery,  and  in  listening  to  a  fine  musical 
program  presented  by  J.  Warren  Andrews,  of  Minneapolis,  as- 
sisted by  Miss  Stella  Griswold  and  Fritz  Schlachter,  of  Min- 
neapolis. During  the  evening  an  elaborate  lunch  of  salads, 
sandwiches,  ices,  fruits,  cakes,  and  coffee  was  served  in  the 
dining-room.  The  attendance  of  distinguished  guests  was  very 
large.  Among  the  Bishops  present  were :  The  Rt.  Reverends 
Graves,  China  ;  Newton,  Virginia  ;  Adams,  Easton  ;  Wells,  Spo- 
kane ;  Brooke,  Oklahoma ;  Brewer,  Montana ;  Whitehead,  Pitts- 
burg; Coleman,  Delaware;  Hale,  Cairo;  Niles,  New  Hampshire; 
Neely,  Maine;  Millspaugh,  Kansas;  White,  Indiana ;  Spalding, 
Colorado;  Rulison,  Central  Pennsylvania;  Penick,  retired  Bishop 
of  Cape  Palmas,  Africa;    H.  C.  Potter,  New  York. 

The  reception  being  much  in  the  nature  of  a  semi -public 
event,  furnishes  the  justification  for  a  more  general  knowledge 
of  the  magnificent  interior  of  the  railroad  magnate's  palatial 
home.  Brilliantly  illuminated  and  with  its  splendid  proportions 
clearly  brought  out  against  the  black  sky,  this  dignified  structure 
stood  forth  that  night  with  every  appearance  of  a  baronial 
castle  on  the  summit  of  some  historic  mountain.  The  spacious 
grounds  about  it,  with  winding  drives  and  stately  /'orf  coc/icre, 
only  served  to  heighten  the  resemblance  ;  but  it  was  not  until 
the  guests  were  ushered  into  the  immense  hall  that  they  could 
but  faintly  appreciate  the  beauty  and  grandeur  of  the  place. 
Facing  the  entrance  proper,  a  great  broad  staircase  broke  the 
distance  between  the  main  floor  and  a  generous  landing,  which 
in  turn  bore  off  two  separate  passages  to  the  second  floor. 
The  spaces  on  either  side  of  this  staircase  were  literally  banked 
with  palms  and  other  exotics,  which  furnished  an  appropriate 
foreground  for  the  brilliant  stained  glass  effects  which  backed 
the  landing,  and  which  were  brought  into  prominence  by  the 
subdued  effect  of  the  electric  light.  Practicall)',  the  entire  house 
was  thrown  open  to  the  visitors,  who  found  much  to  please 
their  tastes  and  edify  their  senses. 

With  the  large  number  of  guests,  the  offices  of  the  ushers 
were  by  no  means  simple,  but  by  a  simple  plan  the  pleasure 
of   those    who    were    being   entertained    was    admirably   insured. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  471 

After  paying  their  respects  to  those  receiving  with  the  host 
and  hostess,  the  visitors  naturally  found  their  way  out  of  the 
reception  room  into  the  music  room. 

The  reception  room,  which  is  situated  just  to  the  left  of  the 
main  hall  as  you  enter,  is  finished  in  dark  wood,  with  a  remark- 
ably cheerful  fireplace,  and  the  big  cut  glass  disk  suspended 
from  the  ceiling  softens  the  innumerable  lights  which  cast  a 
warm  glow  upon  the  tapestry  and  fittings,  which  are  in  the  best 
taste.  Opening  off  the  reception  room  is  the  music  room,  which 
is  exquisitely  finished  in  white  and  gold,  and  in  the  corner  of 
which  are  found  two  grand  pianos.  The  walls  are  relieved  by 
rare  paintings,  while  in  several  niches  are  bits  of  statuary,  the 
whole  making  a  thoroughly  comfortable,  homelike  conservatory. 
Here,  too,  were  placed  about,  in  artistic  splendor,  palms  and 
potted  plants.  Thence,  across  the  great  hall,  the  regal  drawing 
room,  which  on  that  evening  was  honored  by  the  presence  of 
many  distinguished  people,  furnished  the  subject  for  unlimited 
admiration.  Equipped  with  an  immense  open  fireplace,  the  wall 
decorations  blending  so  perfectly,  the  room  was  perhaps  never 
before  seen  to  better  advantage,  the  bright  colors  of  the  women's 
gowns  set  off  by  the  sombre  cloth  of  the  members  of  the  Clergy. 

Off  the  drawing  room  is  a  tiled  piazza,  which  was  housed 
in  for  the  reception,  and  to  which  some  of  the  more  daring  of 
the  guests  found  their  way  and  chatted,  in  spite  of  the  chill 
night  air.  The  view  of  the  lighted  city  many  hundred  feet 
below  was  a  novel  one  to  many  of  those  present,  and  it  only 
required  a  small  stretch  of  imagination  to  feel  one's  self  in  the 
stronghold  of  some  ancient  feudal  castle. 

The  art  gallery,  which  for  the  value  and  character  of  its 
pictures  is  reputed  to  contain  one  of  the  greatest  private  col- 
lections of  paintings  in  the  country,  furnished  a  genuine  treat 
for  the  guests  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hill.  Side  by  side  were  hung 
the  characteristic  wood  scene  of  Rosseau,  the  pastoral  work  of 
Dupre,  representations  of  ancient  warfare  by  Delacroix,  while 
tucked  away  among  such  celebrated  masters  as  Millet,  Corot, 
Daubigny  and  Troyon  were  several  little  military  bits  by  De 
Taillc.  The  gallery  is  beautifully  furnished,  the  space  being  re- 
lieved by  two  or  three  pieces  of  heroic  bronze  statuary.  At 
one  end  is  set  in  a  pipe  organ,  upon  which  several  numbers  were 
given  through  the  evening,  and  which  added  in  no  small  measure 
to  the  felicity  of  the  occasion. 


4/2  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

THE  LINTONS  RECEIVE. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  H.  Linton  live  on  Park  Avenue,  Minneapolis, 
and  belong  to  St.  Mark's  Parish.  They  with  their  daughters 
took  great  interest  in  all  things  connected  with  the  Convention, 
and  on  the  evening  of  the  15th  of  October  gave  a  beautiful 
reception  to  the  members  of  the  House  of  Bishops  and  invited 
friends;  there  were  many  Bishops  and  distinguished  men  and 
women  present,  and  nothing  could  exceed  the  pleasantness  of  the 
occasion.  The  host  and  hostess,  with  the  Misses.  Linton,  and 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Abner  Linton,  placed  every  one  at  their  ease. 

The  wide  hall  with  its  oak  finishings,  hangings  of  tapestry, 
great  fire-places  and  rich  art  treasures  served  as  a  reception 
room.  Masses  of  palms  and  fragrant  red  roses  gave  the  ex- 
quisite grace  of  festivity.  With  such  a  background  the  receiving 
part}'  stood  to  extend  greetings  at  the  foot  of  the  two  polished 
steps  leading  from  the  wide  dais  with  its  Turkish  fittings  upon 
which  the  carriage  entrance  opens  and  from  which  the  wide 
staircase  leads. 

The  guests,  descending  into  the  hospitable  hall,  were  greeted 
by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Linton,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Abner  L.  Linton,  Bishop 
Whipple  and  Mrs.  Scandrett,  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Gilbert  and  Rev. 
and  Mrs.   Harry  P.  Nichols,  of  St.   Mark's. 

Supper  was  served  in  the  dining-room  from  a  large,  round 
table,  at  which  the  Misses  Linton  presided.  It  is  not  often,  in 
Convention  history,  that  a  reception  is  arranged  with  such  taste 
and  carried  through,  in  all  its  details,  with  a  charm  which  so 
nearly  reaches  perfection. 


VIRGINIA  SEMINARY. 

liie  alumni  of  this  old  seminary  honor  it  with  a  very  great 
regard,  and  love  it  with  a  deep  and  tender  love.  On  Tuesday 
evening,  the  fifteenth  of  October,  more  than  one  hundred  old 
students  and  friends  met  at  dinner  at  the  rooms  of  the  Com- 
mercial Club.  Bishop  Randolph  presided,  and  in  a  beautiful 
speech  paid  tribute  to  the  work  done  by  the  Virginia  Seminary 
and  the  need  for  just  such  work  as  the  seminary  can  do,  and 
does.     He  in  felicitous  words  introduced  the  speakers,  the  first 


474  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

of  whom  was  liishop  Peterkin,  who  referred  to  the  fact  that 
VirfT^inia  Seminary  was  the  oldest  but  one  of  all  the  seminaries 
in  the  United  States.  Its  alumni  had  ever  been  revered  for 
their  spirituality  and  missionary  zeal,  and  were  to  be  found  in 
all  lands.  The  seminary  always  held  to  that  book  which  had 
been  used  by  Washington,  Patrick  Henry,  and  Robert  E,  Lee, 
—  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer.  The  alumni  caught  the  spirit 
of  great  preachers  and  carried  it  with  them  in  all  lands. 

Bishop  Kinsolving,  of  Texas,  was  the  next  speaker.  Among 
other  remarks,  he  said : 

"The  Virginia  Theological  Seminary  has  for  its  purpose  the 
dealing  with  practical  questions  of  the  day,  rather  than  the 
abstruse  religious  problems.  If  I  were  to  attempt  to  tell  you 
of  the  future  of  our  seminary,  what  a  picture  would  I  draw.  I 
believe  that  the  old  seminary  is  to  be  what  she  has  been  in 
the  past  —  one  of  the  greatest  religious  ecclesiastical  powers  of 
this  great  Republic.  I  believe  that  the  old  seminary  has  always 
been  broadening.  I  believe  that  the  cause  of  true  charity  has 
been  furthered.  Practical,  broad-minded,  large-hearted  and  wide- 
awake to  meet  all  those  questions  which  confront  her  to-day, 
I  pray  that  she  may  be  able  to  meet  these  questions  in  the 
spirit,  and  I  know  that  she  will." 

Dr.  John  R.  McKim  was  introduced,  and  responded  to  the 
toast,  "The  Sons  in  Foreign  Mission    Fields:" 

"I  may,  at  any  rate,  remind  some  of  those  present,  who  are 
not  so  familiar  with  the  history  of  our  seminary,  that  more  than 
two  centuries  ago  the  fires  of  missionary  spirit  were  kept  burn- 
ing. It  is  truly  the  missionary  religions  that  are  making  any 
progress.  Our  religion  is  the  very  essence  of  a  missionary 
religion,  and  our  religion  would  die  if  its  missionary  spirit  were 
not  kept  alive.  I  may  remind  some  of  you  that  every  foreign 
missionary  field  of  this  Church,  excepting  Mexico,  was  opened 
by  the  alumnus  of  the  Theological  Seminary  of  Virginia  (ap- 
plause). Those  men  all  carried  the  fires  of  the  gospel.  And 
to-day  the  same  is  true  ;  of  the  twenty-three  white  foreign  mis- 
sionaries of  this  Church,  fifteen  are  from  the  alumni  of  Virginia. 
In  South  America,  one  of  the  most  promising  foreign  missions 
has  been  opened,  and  the  four  missionaries  are  alumni  of  this 
seminary.  The  first  Protestant  missionary  who  ever  set  foot 
in  Japan  was  an  alumnus  of  our  university.  God  grant  that 
there  may  be  no  diminution  in  missionary  enterprise." 

The  "  Old  Captain,"  Dr.  Sparrows,  at  the  head  of  the  sem- 
inary, at  one  time,  was  referred  to  and  received  with  applause. 
Then  followed  an  eulogy  of  Dr.  Sparrows,  with  which  the 
speaker  closed. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  475 

Bishop  Potter  delivered  a  powerful  address,  prefacing  his 
remarks  by  disclaiming  that  he  was  the  "Dean  of  the  Theo- 
sophical  Seminary,"  as  stated  by  a  morning  paper.  "I  want  to 
say  that  I  congratulate  dear  old  Virginia  on  having  the  '  Theo- 
logical Seminary'  in  its  midst."  He  paid  a  worthy  tribute  to 
the  faculty  of  the  old  seminary.  "God  bless  the  dear  old 
mother.  May  she  long  be  spared  to  give  to  her  sons  the  same 
apostolic  nature  which  prevailed  in  her  history." 

Dr.  Grammer,  representing  the  faculty,  said :  "The  Virginia 
Seminary  is  proud  of  her  ancient  faculty.  Dr.  Keith  was  one  of 
the  first  to  bring  us  out  of  our  provincial  religion."  He  followed 
with  personal  recollections  of  Dr.  Sparrow  (who  was  his  grand- 
father), most  of  them  of  an  humorous  character.  Several  other 
members  of  the  ancient  faculty  were  taken  up  and  discussed  in 
a  manner  to  revive  the  recollections  of  those  present. 

"  I  want  to  say  one  word  about  the  ideals  that  beckon  us 
on,"  continued  the  speaker.  "The  first  ideal  is  that  our  true 
development  may  be  as  it  has  been  in  the  past.  It  is  said  that 
we  have  been  narrow.  Our  true  future  has  been  in  the  line  of 
holding  on  to  our  past  ;  in  maintaining  our  heritage  ;  in  stand- 
ing for  what  we  have  in  the  past.  The  Theological  Seminary, 
if  it  must  progress,  must  continue  as  it  has  in  the  past.  If  we 
were  true  to  history,  we  would  nominate  ourselves  the  Seminary 
of  the  Holy  Ghost."     (Applause.) 

Dr.  Richards,  of  Providence,  said  that  he  did  not  know  that 
he  had  any  special  message  except  that  of  feeling  pleasure  in 
the  presence  of  so  many  from  the  university  where  he  had  spent 
so  many  pleasant  days.  Speaking  of  the  old  seminary  days, 
he  laid  particular  stress  upon  the  fact  that  students  were  let 
alone  in  many  respects.  "There  was  a  Christian  example;  a 
bedewing  of  the  souls  of  the  students  with  love  and  light  and 
right." 

Dean  Hoffman,  of  the  General  Theological  Seminary,  New 
York,  said  he  took  great  pleasure  in  hearing  the  words  of  testi- 
mony of  the  worth  of  Alexandria.  Standing  aside  from  that 
seminary,  he  had  always  noted  the  great  devotion  shown  for 
this  institution,  and  the  great  Christian  spirit  that  comes  out 
from  it.  He  was  glad  that  there  were  no  longer  parties  in  the 
great  Church,  and  that  it  was  once  more  united.  "I  only  trust 
that  God's  blessing  may  rest  upon  the  theological  seminary  in 
Virginia,  for  it  has  a  great  work  to  do  in  standing  up  against 
the  world  of  sin." 


476  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Bishop  Lawrence,  of  Massachusetts,  congratulated  the  old  sem- 
inary. "Any  man  who  has  been  connected  with  any  theological 
school  will  reverence  the  work  done  at  Alexandria.  The  school 
at  Cambridge  is  deeply  indebted  to  the  school  at  Alexandria. 
Our  students  have  pledged  a  $i,000  to  send  a  missionary  to 
Japan,  and  it  is  due  to  Alexandria  that  our  missionary  zeal  is 
so  strong.  It  is  because  the  Alexandria  seminary  has  given  to 
its  students  piety  and  the  strong  spiritual  life,  that  it  gives  us 
pleasure  to  reverence  the  seminary  of  Alexandria," 

BISHOP    DUDLEY    CLOSES. 

Bishop  Dudley,  of  Kentucky,  spoke  of  the  Episcopal  alumni 
of  the  seminar}'. 

"There  has  been  a  suspicion  that  there  were  alumni  who 
were  not  Episcopalians.  1  want  to  deny  that.  I  don't  believe 
that  there  are  men  in  this  Church  more  loyal  to  the  Episcopate, 
to  the  Prayer  Book,  than  those  v/ho  come  from  the  seminary 
at  Alexandria.  Earnest  hearted  John  Payne  was  held  up  as 
the  white  man  who  lived  the  longest  on  the  west  coast  of  Africa. 
Phillips  Brooks  was  the  son  of  this  seminary.  I  have  heard 
him  say  that  the  most  of  the  power  he  got  to  influence  other 
men  was  obtained  at  the  seminary  at  Alexandria.  What  are 
the  principles  of  the  old  seminary?  Remember  the  words  of 
Dr.  Sparrow,  'it  is  the  heart  that  makes  the  Christian.'" 

It  was  moved  and  seconded  that  a  message  of  greeting  be 
sent  to  Bishop  Whittle,  of  Virginia,,  and  Prof.  Joseph  Packard, 
Sr.,  professor  of  the  seminary.  Bishop  Capers,  of  South  Caro- 
lina, pronounced  the  benediction. 


HARVARD  CLUB  OF  MINNESOTA. 

To  its  annual  meeting  at  the  Commercial  Club  rooms  in 
Minneapolis,  on  the  igth  of  October,  the  Harvard  Club  invited 
all  tiie  graduates  of  Harvard  who  were  in  attendance  at  the 
Convention. 

After  a  short  business  session,  at  which  officers  for  the  en- 
suing year  were  elected,  the  club  sat  down  to  supper.  The 
oldest  graduate  present  was  Rev.  E.  A.  Renouf,  class  of  1838. 
Other  graduates  were,  Rt.  Rev.  W.  S.  Perr>'",  class  '54;  Robert 
Treat  Paine,  class  of  '55;  A.  J.  C.  Sowdon,  class  of  '57;  F.  C. 
Simpson,  Scientific,  '57;  Rev.  William  R.  Huntington,  class  '59; 
Rev.  Arthur  Lawrence,  class  '63;  C.  G.  Saunders,  class  '67; 
Rev.  W.  A.   Hatch,  Medical,  '67;    T.  P.  Beal,  class  '69;    Rt.  Rev. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  477 

Wm.  Lawrence,  class  '71;  Rev.  W.  M.  Groton,  class  '73;  T.  M. 
Sloane,  class,  'jy;  E.  L.  Manning,  class  '93;  and  Dean  Hodges 
of  the  Episcopal  Theological  School  at  Cambridge, 

Supper  being  ended  the  president  of  the  club,  Rev.  J.  K. 
Hosmer,  class  '55,  began  the  speaking.  Bishop  Lawrence,  of 
Massachusetts,  told  of  some  recent  changes  in  Harvard  College. 
Bishop  Perry,  of  Iowa,  Rev.  W.  R.  Huntington,  Mr.  Sowdon, 
and  Dean  Hodges  also  spoke.  Mr.  Paine  was  the  last  speaker 
and  related  personal  experiences  of  his  friends  in  the  far  West 
to  indicate  what  dangers  might  confront  the  traveler  from  Bos- 
ton who  ventured  so  far  west  as  Minnesota.  It  is  but  justice 
to  Mr.  Paine  to  add  that  he  showed  no  signs  of  trepidation, 
and  disj)Iayed  much  ability  and  cheerfulness. 


TRIENNIAL  RE  UN/0  A^  OF  THE  GENERAL  THEOLOGICAL 

SEMINARY. 

The  triennial  reunion  of  the  alumni  of  the  General  Theolog- 
ical Seminary  was  held,  the  lengthy  program  beginning  with 
a  Eucharistic  service  at  St.  Paul's  Church  at  7:30  in  the  morning, 
with  Rt.  Rev.  Leighton  Coleman,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of  Delaware, 
as  celebrant.  Rev.  Frederick  T.  Webb,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  was  the  epistoler,  and  Rev.  Dr.  Carey,  of  the  Diocese 
of  Albany,  the  gospeller,  who  also  administered  the    chalice. 

A  large  number  of  the  alumni  attended  the  service,  which 
was  of  a  most  impressive  character. 

The  General  Theological  Seminary  is  located  in  New  York 
City,  and  its  Dean  is  the  Very  Rev.  Eugene  A.  Hoffman,  D. 
D.,  whose  mother  made  to  the  seminary  a  gift  of  a  beautiful 
chapel,  costing  nearly  $200,000,  in  memory  of  her  husband. 
The  Dean  and  his  family  have  made  many  munificent  gifts  to 
the  seminary  and  others  have  also  given  quite  liberally,  nearly 
;S 1, 000,000  having  been  donated  to  the  seminary  in  the  past 
ten  years. 

The  various  chairs  of  the  seminary  are:  Theology,  ecclesias- 
tical history,  biblical  interpretation.  Christian  philosophy,  ethics, 
moral  theology,  evidences,  oriental  languages,  and  the  like, 
homiletics,  etc.,  and    it    is    regarded    as   the   greatest    institution 


478  HISTORY  OP  GENERAL  COm^ENTION. 

of  learning  connected  with  the  American  Church  and  it  has  on 
its  staff  gifted  and  learned  professors  and  instructors  as 
specialists. 

The  Committee  of  Arrangements  on  the  program  consisted 
of  :— 

Bishop  Walker,  of  North  Dakota. 

Rev.  Dr.  Carey,  of  the  Diocese  of  Albany,  class  of  '64. 

Rev.  Dr.  Battershall,  of  the  Diocese  of  Albany,  class  of  '66. 

Rev.  Dr.  Mann,  of  the  Diocese  of  West    Missouri,    class    of 

'73- 

Rev.  Dr.  W.  H.  Moore,  of  the  Diocese  of  Quincy. 

These  gentlemen  spared  neither  time  nor  pains  to  make  the 
reunion  a  success,  and  devoted  every  spare  moment  outside  of 
the  Convention  to  arranging  the  details,  and  the  great  success 
of  the  affair  is  entirely  due  to  the  indefatigable  efforts  of  Dr. 
Carey  and  his  co-laborers  on  the  Committee. 

All  the  alumni  unite  in  saying  it  was  the  most  effective  re- 
union ever  had. 

In  the  evening  there  was  a  short  service  held  at  St.  Mark's 
Church,  with  Bishop  Seymour  presiding.  Dr.  Carey  read  the 
brief  service,  as  appointed  by  the  Committee,  and  Rt.  Rev.  Dr. 
Gailor,  Coadjutor  Bishop  of  Tennessee,  preached  an  eloquent 
sermon,  in  which  he  paid  a  noble  tribute  to  his  alma  mater. 

The  dinner  was  at  the  Commercial  Club,  Kasota  Block, 
corner  of  Fourth  St.  and  Hennepin  Ave.  Bishop  Rulison,  of 
Central  Pennsylvania,  acted  as  toastmaster,  and  extended  a 
most  cordial  welcome  to  representatives  who  were  present  from 
every  theological  seminary  in  our  land,  for  the  first  time  in  the 
history  of  alumni  meetings.  He  spoke  in  a  very  interesting 
manner.  He  introduced  as  the  first  speaker  of  the  evening  the 
Dean  of  the  General  Theological  Seminary. 

Very  Rev.  Dean  Hoffman  had  no  greater  pleasure  in  the 
world  than  in  meeting  the  alumni  of  the  various  seminaries 
in  the  land.  Previously  the  alumni  meetings  had  been  held  at 
Easter,  and  this  was  the  first  time  all  had  met  face  to  face. 
He  reviewed  the  work  done  at  the  Seminary  in  the  past  three 
years.  One  of  the  acquisitions  in  that  period  was  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Sykes,  who  took  the  chair  of  moral  philosophy  and  Christian 
theology.  Two  other  professors  were  added,  making  ten  in  all, 
and  this  year  opened  with   150.  students.     During  the  past  year 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  479 

three  fellowships  have  been  endowed  with  $io,000  each.  The 
institution  does  not  owe  one  dollar,  and  is  in  position  to  give 
good  salaries  to  capable  professors.  It  has  2,000  different  edi- 
tions of  the  Bible, — the  greatest  collection  of  its  kind  in  the 
world.  Other  unique  collections  of  sacred  relics  are  also  pos- 
sessed by  the  institution,  and  it  has  lately  been  the  recipient 
of  several  legacies,  one  of  which  for  $40,000  has  just  been 
paid. 

Bishop  Peterkin  was  next  introduced  ;  he  said  the  most 
pleasant  features  of  these  entertainments  are  the  opportunities 
afforded  for  meeting  old  friends  again  and  making  new  ones. 
While  at  lunch  the  other  day,  a  friend  said  to  him,  "There 
ought  to  be  only  two  seminaries  in  this  country,  the  General 
Theological  and  the  Alexandrian,"  but  he  disagreed  with  his 
friend  because  he  had  been  to  Faribault  and  to  the  meetings 
of  several  other  alumni.  He  thought  that  the  young  men  in 
the  seminaries  should  be  given  more  power,  —  power  from  on 
high  to  inspire  them  with  knowledge  and  zeal  to  carry  the  word 
of  God  to  every  creature  in  every  land. 

Rev.  Dr.  Langford,  of  Gambier  alumni,  paid  a  tribute  to  that 
institution,  which  had  sent  out  streams  of  influence  and  from 
which  one  man  had  gone  to  the  presidential  chair  and  others 
had  attained  to  high  posts  of  honor  in  the  country,  and  reflected 
great  credit  upon  Kenyon  College,  an  adjunct  of  Gambier,  and 
from  which  they  had  graduated.  He  further  spoke  of  the  men 
whom  Gambier  had  sent  into  the  theological  world.  One  of 
them  had  gone  to  a  chair  of  moral  theology  in  a  neighboring 
college.  What  other  kind  of  theology  there  is  he  did  not  know, 
but  he  did  know  of  a  lady  who  informed  him  that  a  certain 
college  had  established  a  chair  of  monotony.  He  hoped  no 
other  theological  seminaries  had  established  such   chairs. 

Rev.  Dr.  Dix  was  accorded  an  ovation  on  being  introduced. 
He  said  he  noticed  the  chairman  of  this  meeting  had  a  bell, 
to  insure  brevity,  —  he  wished  he  had  a  bell  in  the  General 
Convention.  He  was  reminded  of  an  incident  which  occurred 
at  the  last  Convention,  when  a  new  Deputy  stated  he  would 
like  to  make  a  few  remarks  when  the  regular  speakers  were 
through,  but  the  "regular  speakers"  were  diligently  pursuing 
their  avocations.  He  spoke  in  a  humorous  vein  for  quite  a 
while,  and  then  assumed  a  serious  role  that  was  filled  with  elo- 


480  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

quence  and  wisdom,  and  paid  a  loving  tribute  to  Dean  Hoffman 
and  the  work  he  had  done  for  the  General  Theological  Seminary. 

Bishop  Nicholson,  of  Milwaukee,  a  graduate  of  Nashota, 
paid  a  tribute  to  that  institution,  and  stated  it  was  the  first 
attempt  of  the  General  Seminary  to  start  a  mission,  and,  in  the 
language  of  the  nineteenth  century,  it  became  a  chip  of  the  old 
block. 

He  spoke  eloquently  and  affectionately  of  the  three  "  wise 
men  of  the  East,"  who  went  from  that  seminary  to  the  West. 
They  did  not  go  to  accept  a  fat  call  ;  nor  did  they  look  after 
the  girls ;  they  went  to  do  their  duty  toward  God  and  man, 
and  the  result  of  their  efforts  is  apparent  to-day.  He  referred 
touchingly  of  Bishop  Whittingham  and  his  work,  and  pictured 
Nashota  in  most  glowing  terms. 

Bishop  Niles,  of  New  Hampshire,  felt,  on  listening  to  the 
remarks  of  the  alumni  of  the  various  seminaries,  just  like  the 
Chinaman  feels  on  meeting  a  stranger  who  asks  him  what  he 
thinks  of  the  three  great  religions.  He  had  been  asked  what 
he  thought  of  the  buildings  of  Minneapolis,  and  had  replied 
that  he  thought  them  a  great  nuisance,  because  they  destroyed 
the  beautiful  scenery  of  the  landscape.  They  were,  however, 
a  very  necessary  nuisance,  like  the  buildings  of  some  of  the 
seminaries.  He  likened  the  conservativeness  of  the  House  of 
Bishops  to  a  sleepy  farmer,  who  fell  off  his  cart  and  called 
"whoa"  so  often  that  the  oxen  backed  the  cart  over  him  a 
second   time. 

Eloquent  addresses  were  made  by  Drs.  Fulton  and  Hunt- 
ington and  Bishop  Seymour.  After  a  vote  of  thanks  to  Rev. 
Messrs.  Frederick  T.  Webb  and  H.  P.  Nichols,  and  also  to  the 
Commercial  Club,  the  meeting  was  dismissed  with  the  bene- 
diction. 

THOMAS  LOIVRY. 

Mr.  Thomas  Lovvry  is  well  known  in  the  commercial  and 
financial  world.  His  acq^uaintances  in  the  eastern  states  are  very 
many,  and  are  amongst  men  in  the  highest  ranks  in  the  realm  of 
business.  It  was  a  very  graceful  thing  in  Mr.  Lowry  and  his 
estimable  wife,  to  arrange  a  series  of  dinners  for  men  whom 
they    delighted    to    honor.      The    first    dinner   was    in    honor    of 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  48 1 

Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan,  of  New  York,  and  was  an  elegant  and 
most  enjoyable  affair.  The  company  was  a  most  congenial 
one,  and  the  evening  will  be  remembered  by  all  who  had  the 
pleasure  of  being  present,  as  one  of  the  red  letter  gatherings 
in  the  social  world  in  Minneapolis  in  October,  1895.  The 
guests  were:  Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan,  Bishops  H.  B.  Whipple, 
Wm.  C.  Doane,  H.  C.  Potter,  Wm.  Lawrence,  Davis  Sessums, 
Ethelbert  Talbot,  and  the  following  named  Clergymen:  Rev. 
Drs.  Elliott,  Washington,  D.  C;  Holland,  St.  Louis;  L.  A. 
Parks,  Boston;  David  H.  Greer,  Dean  Hodges,  Cambridge; 
Hon.  John  A.  King,  Mr.  Skipworth  Wilmar,  Baltimore;  Mr.  A. 
J.  C.  Sowdon,  Boston;  W.  R.  Merriam,  St.  Paul,  and  Rev.  H. 
P.   Nichols,    Minneapolis. 


THE  SUNDA  V  SCHOOL  INSTITUTE. 

On  October  7th,  in  St.  Mark's  Church,  which  is  one  of  the 
largest  in  the  city  of  Minneapolis,  the  American  Church  Sunday 
School  Institute  held  its  opening  session.  The  weather  was 
disagreeable  and  there  were  many  attractions  in  other  places, 
which,  however,  did  not  prevent  a  good  congregation  from 
assembling  to  worship  and  to  hear  reports  as  well  as  words  of 
encouragement  from  Sunday  School  workers  of  renown.  After 
the  opening  hymn  and  prayer,  the  Rector,  H.  P.  Nichols,  in 
the  unavoidable  absence  of  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese,  gave  an 
address  of  welcome,  in  which  he  eulogized  Sunday  School  work 
and  Sunday  School  workers.  He  declared  the  mission  of  the 
Sunday  School  to  be  that  of  putting  the  children  of  the  Parish 
in  proper  relationship  to  the  Church.  There  can  be  no  sepa- 
ration of  Church  and  Sunday  School.  In  response  to  this 
address.  Bishop  Whitaker  of  Pennsylvania,  in  a  felicitous  speech, 
replied;  he  said:  "The  Sunday  School  is  a  great  power  God 
has  put  into  the  hands  of  his  Church,  and  it  is  a  solemn 
responsibility  resting  upon  us  to  teach  the  children  in  the  way 
they  should  go,  and  walk  in  that  way  ourselves.  The  object 
of  the  Sunday  School  is  not  primarily  to  have  a  high  standard 
of  scholarship,  well-ordered  system,  and  to  have  the  children 
able  to  answer  certain  questions  respecting  the  Bible;  all  these 
things  are  very  useful,  but  if  we  rest  in  them,  we  make  a  great 


482  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

mistake.  The  prime  purpose  of  the  Sunday  School  is  to  train 
children  in  the  nurture  and  admonition  of  the  Lord.  We  are  to 
train  men  and  win  them  for  Christ,  so  that  they  may  be  loyal 
servants  of  His,  and  useful  to  their  brother  man.  In  order  to 
do  this,  we  must  have  Christ  dwell  in  our  hearts  richly  by  faith, 
and  so,  our  lives  being  made  glorious,  we  may  glorify  the 
Saviour  by  teaching  His  lambs  of  the  fold."  The  next  speaker 
was  Mr.  George  C.  Thomas,  the  well  known  banker  of  Phil- 
adelphia, but  the  better  known  superintendent  of  the  Sunday 
School  of  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Apostles  in  that  city.  Mr. 
Thomas  is  a  wise  and  devoted  enthusiast  in  Sunday  School 
work,  a  man  whose  interest  never  falters,  and  who  works  in- 
cessantly amongst  the  young.  He  is  superintendent  of  one  of 
the  largest  schools  in  America,  and  one  of  the  best  ordered. 
The  words  of  such  a  man  always  command  respect  anywhere, 
but  especially  in  an  assembly  of  Sunday  School  workers.  Mr. 
Thomas  began  in  a  reminiscent  strain;  he  read  several  programs 
of  triennial  meetings  and  showed  what  progress  has  been  made. 
He  showed  what  practical  benefits  came  from  conferences  of 
Sunday  School  workers,  and  that  the  permanent  idea  of  a 
Sunday  School  lesson  is  to  bring  the  children  to  Jesus  Christ. 
He  made  a  powerful  appeal  to  talented  men,  men  of  gifts  and 
culture  and  position.  The  constitution  of  the  institute  was  then 
read,  and  the  meeting  ended,  after  receiving  the  blessing  of 
peace. 

Oct.  8th,  at  ten  o'clock.  Holy  Communion  was  celebrated. 
Bishop  Whitaker  being  celebrant,  at  the  close  of  which  the 
institute  was  called  to  order.  Rev.  H.  L.  Duhring  is  the  secre- 
tary and  treasurer  of  the  institute  and  one  of  the  best  known 
Sunday  School  workers  in  Pennsylvania,  He  read  a  letter  from 
the  Rev.  Richard  M.  Thomas,  of  Philadelphia,  editor  of  the 
American  Church  Sunday  School  Magazine,  in  which  he  speaks 
of  the  progress  of  the  institute  in  a  way  to  cheer  the  hearts 
of  all  who  are  interested  in  work  amongst  the  young,  and  shows 
that  there  arc:  Sunday  Schools  of  the  Church  in  the  United 
States,  5,900;  officers  and  teachers,  47,000;  scholars,  500,000. 
Sunday  Schools  of  all  denominations  in  the  United  States  and 
the  Canadas,  118,000;  officers  and  teachers,  1,300,000;  scholars, 
11,300,000;  total  in  Sunday  Schools,  12,600,000;  Sunday  Schools 
of  the  world,  teachers,  2,500,000;    scholars,  25,000,000. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  483 

Dr.  J.  C.  Quinn,  of  Mason  City,  Iowa,  reported  that  an 
institute  had  not  been  organized  in  Iowa,  as  yet,  but  that  steps 
were  being  taken  to  that  end. 

Rev.  C.  Edgar  Haupt,  of  St.  Paul,  reported  that  the  work- 
in  Minnesota  had  been  very  successfuL 

It  was  decided  to  appoint  a  committee  of  three  with  Dr. 
Stone,  of  Chicago,  as  chairman,  to  bring  the  matter  of  the  in- 
stitute's work  before  the  General  Convention. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year: 

President,  Bishop  Gilbert,  Minnesota;  Executive  Board, 
George  C.  Thomas,  Chairman;  Rt.  Rev.  O.  W.  Whitaker,  of 
Pennsylvania;  Rt.  Rev.  George  Worthington,  of  Nebraska;  Rev. 
Reese  V.  Alsop,  D.  D.,  Long  Island;  Rev.  J.  Graham,  Rev.  W. 
H.  Graff,  Central  Pennsylvania;  Rev.  A.  O.  Lloyd,  Southern 
Virginia;  Rev.  George  D.  Shinn,  D.  D.,  Massachusetts;  Rev. 
J.  S.  Stone,  D.  D.,  Chicago;  Rev.  R.  R.  Swope,  D.  D.,  West 
Virginia;  Rev.  K.  J.  Hammond,  Delaware;  P.  PI.  Litchfield, 
Minneapolis;  E.  Higgins,  Baltimore,  Md.;  G.  W.  Mehaffy, 
Marietta,  Pa.;  W.  H.  Roddis,  Milwaukee,  Wis.;  John  E.  Bend, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.;  S.  D.  C.  Van  Bokkelen,  Brooklyn,  N.  V.; 
George  E.  Wetmore,  New  York  City;  Thomas  Potts,  Richmond, 
Va.;  Wm.  R.   Butler,  Mauch  Chunk,   Pa. 

Secretaries:  Rev.  H.  L.  Duhring,  of  Philadelphia,  Secretary 
and  Treasurer;  Rev.  F.  J.  C.  Moran,  Maryland;  Rev.  R.  N. 
Thomas,   Pennsylvania;    Rev.  C.  E.  Haupt,  St.   Paul. 

Rev.  Dr.  William  S.  Langford,  Genei^al  Secretary  of  the  Board 
of  Missions,  began  the  discussion  of  the  question,  "How  Sunday 
Schools  help  Missions."  He  deplored  the  absence  of  so  many 
young  men  from  the  corps  of  teachers. 

Bishop  Nichols,  of  California,  spoke  in  an  eloquent  strain 
on  the  work  of  the  Sunday  Schools.  He  distinguished  between 
Mission  and  Jurisdiction.  There  were  schools  that  ought  to 
do  some  mission  work  at  home.  The  first  work  for  missions 
some  Sunday  Schools  can  do  is  to  bring  themselves  to  a  real- 
ization of  the  work  they  need  to  do  among  themselves. 

Bishop  Gilbert  declared  that  he  had  always  counted  the  Sunday 
School  work  first.  The  Sunday  School  can  put  in  the  Church's 
mind  the  idea  that  first  of  all  the  missions  come  out  of  God. 

George  C.  Thomas,  of  Philadelphia,  in  a  most  telling  way,  told 
of  one  of  the  methods  used  to  encouracre    the    children    of   his 


484  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Church  in  the  mission  work.  His  thought  was  that  Sunday 
Schools  cannot  properly  help  in  the  missions  unless  they  are 
instructed  about  the  missions.  Another  thing  that  is  needed 
is  a  proper  education  as  to  giving.  Scholars  should  also  be 
carefully  impressed  with  their  responsibility. 

Bishop  Penick,  the  former  Missionary  Bishop  of  Africa,  now 
in  charge  of  the  work  among  the  colored  people  in  the  United 
States,  spoke  of  how  he  had  been  helped  in  Africa  by  Mr. 
Thomas,  and  declared  that  the  first  necessity  of  the  Sunday 
School  is  to  teach  the  children  to  care  for  missions. 

Adjournment  was  taken  at  one  o'clock  to  the  Guild  Hall  of 
St.  Mark's  Church,  where  the  ladies  of  the  parish  served  lunch. 

AFTERNOON    SESSION. 

Bishop  Whitehead,  of  Pittsburg,  presented  the  subject  of 
graded  lessons: 

"I  feel,"  he  said,  "that  a  Bishop  should  speak  with  hesi- 
tancy on  this  subject,  as  the  Bishop  is  somewhat  removed  from 
the  active  work  of  the  Sunday  School,  so  what  I  say  will  be 
of  the  ideal  and  more  for  the  church  in  America,  for  the 
graded  public  schools  have  received,  so  to  speak,  the  'imprima- 
tive'  of  the  American  people.  So,  I  think  the  idea  of  graded 
school  in  its  intent  is  applicable  to  the  Sunday  School.  I  start 
with  this  assertion: 

"The  baptismal  service  suggests  this  idea  of  graded  schools, 
for  it  teaches  that  the  child  shall  be  taught  to  learn,  as  he 
grows,  the  great  truths  of  the  faith,  then  the  Bible,  as  the  faith 
antedates  the  Bible.  The  early  Christians  were  taught  to  be- 
lieve in  the  Father,  Son  and  Holy  Ghost.  This  is  the  essence 
of  the  faith — then  other  great  truths  follow.  Then  also  follows 
the  other  grade  in  religion,  till  they  are  led  to  Confirmation, 
then  to  Communion  and  to  the  active  life  of  an  earnest  Chris- 
tian. This,  it  seems  to  me,  is  the  logical  method  of  instruction, 
and  this  we  realize  when  we  begin  to  try  to  teach  the  child. 
I  have  in  my  hand  a  book  that  has  given  me  much  help.  It 
is  '  The  Clergy  and  the  Catechism'." 

The  Bishop  then  closed  his  address  by  reading  some  extracts 
from  this  book. 

Rev.  Dr.  Swope,  of  West  Virginia,  spoke  on  the  Diocesan 
scheme  of  lessons.  He  said  that  the  Diocese  from  which  he 
came  had  a  lesson  committee,  which  had  prepared  a  seven- 
years"  course  and  is  now  preparing  a  five-years'  course,  and  it  was 
his    deliberate    opinion   that   a   Diocesan    plan    is  the  best   ever 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  485 

devised.  Illustrated  methods,  was  the  topic  for  discussion, 
and  Mr.  Silas  McBee,  from  North  Carolina,  made  a  superb  ad- 
dress. He  spoke  in  great  detail  respecting  the  magic-lantern 
plan,  especially  when  it  illustrated  scenes  in  the  life  of  Christ. 
They  became  impressed  upon  a  child's  memory  with  all  the 
realism  of  life.  To  many  who  heard,  it  opened  a  new  field  of 
thought  and  enterprise. 

"Diagrams,  Charts  and  Maps,"  was  then  presented  by  Rev. 
Herman  I.  Duhring,  who  thought  his  method  was  the  simplest 
and  best  to  fasten  a  text  upon  a  child's  memory. 

To  illustrate  his  subject  he  called  attention  to  the  stained 
and  plain  glass  windows,  and  asked  how  many  had  noticed  the 
former  and  if  any  had  cast  a  second  glance  at  the  latter.  He 
exclaimed: 

"I  have  in  my  hand— now,  just  see,  all  of  you  are  paying 
attention  now.  This  is  a  facsimile  of  David's  sling,  and  with 
such  slings  I  have  seen  many  birds  killed  in  the  far  East  as 
accurately  by  boys  as  any  sharpshooter  could  have  done.  And 
here  is  one  of  those  old-time  inkstands,  just  like  they  used 
ages  ago — strapped  to  the  waist  by  a  belt.  Now  put  these 
things  on  paper,  make  a  picture  of  them,  and  see  how  quickly 
you  get  the  attention  of  the  children." 

In  addition  to  being  effective,  he  showed  that  his  plan  was 
inexpensive.  For  instance,  he  took  a  package  of  different 
colored  paper — "white,  that  is  how  God  made  us;  black,  that 
is  what  we  became  by  sin,"  and  so  on. 

The  reverend  gentleman  had  quite  a  collection  of  interesting 
matter,  from  a  prayer  book  that  weighed  about  as  much  as  a 
quarter  and  a  Bible  that  weighed  one  ounce  to  the  big  "Teach- 
er's Bible"  that  is  so  familiar  to  all  Sunday  School  workers. 

He  is  a  wonderfully  interesting  talker,  thus  giving  a  prac- 
tical demonstration  of  the  value  of  his  plan.  He  told  of  a 
Sunday  School  he  once  visited  where  the  superintendent  simply 
struck  a  gong  and  everything  went  off  like  clockwork,  the  les- 
sons, the  singing  and  all.  Noting  that  the  superintendent  con- 
sumed no  time  in  "making  a  few  remarks,"  he  inquired  the 
reason.  "Oh,"  replied  one  of  the  teachers,  *"we  had  a  super- 
intendent who  talked  us  all  to  death,  and  we  then  elected  the 
present  one,  who  is  deaf  and  dumb.  Preachers  and  Sunday 
School  teachers  arc  apt  to  talk  too  long  and  too  often  in  school, 
and  not  give  sufficient  time  for  the  lesson  and  for  the  routine 
work  of  the  school." 


486  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Bennitt  followed  with  a  description  of  how  he 
taught  his  infant  class  with  such  success  and  charm,  by  means 
of  a  magic  lantern,  that  they  left  it  with  reluctance  to  go  into 
the  general  school. 

The  Rev.  Henry  Gurr,  of  Warsaw,  in  a  very  practical  way, 
told  the  congregation  how  to  buy  magic-lanterns,  and  said  the 
electric  light  was  the  best  one  possible  to  use.  He  also  advised 
use  of  uncolored  glass,  as  the  colored  slides  were  apt  to  throw 
upon  the  screen  freckle  -  faced  angels,  or  angels  with  yellow 
wings  and  red  noses.  The  speaker  evidently  had  the  authority 
of  knowledge. 

The  Rev.  J.  Wynne  Jones,  of  Chicago,  said  the  proper  way 
for  parents  to  do  was  to  take  their  children  to  Sunday  School 
and  take  an  interest  in   it   themselves. 

Rev.  J.  W.  Prosser  advocated  the  blackboard  as  of  great 
service  in  the  Sunday  School. 

The  evening  meeting  was  opened  with  prayer,  after  which  a 
question  box  was  opened  and  the  questions  were  read  by  Mr. 
Geo.  C.  Thomas,  and  answered  as  only  a  man  who  had  expert 
knowledge  of  Sunday  School  work  could  answer  them. 

"The  Teacher  in  Preparation"  was  the  theme  of  Bishop 
Rulison,  who  spoke  with  great  power  on  the  necessity  of  every 
teacher  knowing  the  Bible   and    the  Book  of   Common    Prayer. 

Mr.  Thomas  then  spoke  upon  the  subject  of  "Superintendent 
and  Teachers."  Here  he  was  at  home.  I  have  had  the  pleas- 
ure and  profit  of  attending  one  of  his  preparation  classes  ;  he 
is  a  master  in  the  art  of  teaching  teachers.  He  insisted  upon 
the  duty  of  loyalty  to  the  Church,  to  each  other,  and  to  the 
children.     Said  he : 

"There  is  one  other  thing  that  affects  both  superintendent, 
teachers  and  scholars,— it  is  consecration.  Without  that  all  our 
efforts  will  amount  to  nothing." 

The  talk  of  Mr.  Thomas  was  a  concise  and  epitomized  sum- 
mary of  thought  and  advice  that  every  teacher  should  have 
heard,  for  it  came  from  the  lips  of  one  whose  long  experience 
has  made  him  a  master  of  the  subject. 

The  closing  address  of  the  evening  was  ''  Doctrine  and  His- 
tory in  the  Sunday  School,"  by  Rev.  James  S.  Stone,  D.  D.,  of 
Chicago,  who  took  the  view  that  in  the  realm  of  doctrine  there 
were  certain  facts    that    were    simply  indisputable,  and    he  held 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  487 

that  the  salient  facts  of  the  doctrine  should  be  given.  These 
salient  facts  were  that  God  was  a  spirit,  infinite  and  eternal, 
and  not  a  chance  conglomeration  of  suppositions  that  so  many 
of  our  nineteenth  century  thinkers  would  have  us  believe.  No 
man  dare  question  that  George  Washington  was  President  of 
the  United  States,  and  no  one  claiming  to  be  a  Christian  would 
dare  question  the  fact  that  our  blessed  Saviour  rose  from  the 
dead  on  the  third  day. 

At  the  close  of  his  address  an  offering  was  taken,  and 
the  meeting  adjourned  after  singing  "  The  Son  of  God  Goes 
Forth  to  War." 


THE  BROTHERHOOD  OF  ST.  ANDRE IV 

Was  begun  by  Mr.  James  L.  Houghteling,  in  St.  James'  Church, 
Chicago,  November  30th,  18S5.  It  had  twelve  members,  who 
pledged  themselves  to  a  rule  of  service  and  of  prayer  for  the 
spread  of  Christ's  Kingdom  amongst  young  men.  It  was  formed 
in  recognition  of  the  fact  that  every  Christian  man  is  pledged 
to  devote  his  life  to  the  extension  of  the  Kingdom  ot  Christ 
on  earth.  It  is  composed  of  young  men  who  are  understood 
to  have  acknowledged  this  responsibility  as  resting  upon  them- 
selves, and  who  are  ready  to  stri\'e,  like  St.  Andrew,  to  bring 
their  brothers  to  the  knowledge  of  Jesus  Christ.  Personal  alle- 
giance to  Him,  loyalty  to  His  Kingdom,  belief  that  there  is 
work  to  be  done  for  the  spread  of  the  Kingdom  among  }-oung 
men,  a  con\'iction  of  individual  responsibility  for  entire  conse- 
cration to  that  work,  and  the  spirit  of  Christian  fraternity,  ^ — 
these  are  the  fundamental  principles  on  which  the  Brotherhood 
has  been  established  and  developed.  It  now  numbers  about 
12,000  members. 

In  Canada,  200  chapters,  2,000  members. 

In  Scotland,    12  chapters,   100  members. 

In  Australia,  40  chapters,  400  members. 

There  are  several  chapters,  but  as  yet  no  organized  Broth- 
erhood in  England.  There  are  scattered  chapters  in  Germany, 
New  Zealand,  Central  America,  West  Indies,  South  America, 
and   Hawaii. 


488 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


The  Brotherhood  publishes  a  paper  called  the  St.  Andrew's 
Cross  ;  it  also  has  a  department  for  boys.  Among  the  Brother- 
hood members  are  some  of  the  most  successful  laymen  in  all 
the  land,  in  every  department  of  Christian  work.  Space  would 
fail  me  to  tell  of  what  John  E.  Baird  has  done  in  St.  Simmion's 
Parish,  Philadelphia,  perhaps  the  most  successful,  considering 
the  period  of  its  existence,  in  the  whole  American  Church, — of 
men,  like  G.  H.  Davis,  Germantown,  Pa.;  Mr.  Ryerson,  of 
Chicago  ;  Mr.  S.  T.  Miller,  of  Detroit  ;  Mr.  W.  G.  Mather,  of 
Cleveland,    and  a  thousand    others,    who    represent    whatever  is 


James  L.  Houghteling.  John  L.  Wood. 

manly  and  whatever  is  missionary  in  the  Church.  Mr.  Hector 
Baxter,  of  Minneapolis,  being  member  of  the  council  for  Min- 
nesota and  South  Dakota,  he,  with  all  the  members  of  the 
Brotherhood  in  Minnesota,  took  great  interest  in  its  work  during 
the  Convention.  The  Brotherhood  opened  rooms  at  the  Hamp- 
shire Arms,  which  were  the  meeting  ground  of  all  interested  in 
its  aggressive  work. 

The  lirotherhood  is  managed  by  a  council,  the  members  of 
which  are  elected  to  represent  districts  which  cover  the  whole 
United  States.     Its  members  are, — 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


489 


James  L.  Houghteling,  St.  James's,  Chicago,  President  ;  G. 
Harry  Davis,  St.  Luke's,  Germantown,  Philadelphia,  ist  Vice- 
President;  Silas  McBee,  Suwanee,  Tennessee,  2nd  Vice-President; 
John  P.  Faure,  Calvary,  New  York,  Treasurer ;  John  W.Wood, 
St.  George's,  New  York,  General  Secretary  ;  W.  R.  Stirling, 
Grace,  Chicago;  W.  G.  Mather,  Trinity  Cathedral,  Cleveland; 
John  E.  Baird,  Nativity,  Philadelphia;  Hector  Baxter,  St.  Mark's, 
Minneapolis  ;  William  C.  Sturgis,  Christ  Church,  New  Haven; 
George  C.  Thomas,  Holy  Apostle's,  Philadelphia  ;  Thomas  P. 
Dean,  Trinity,   Boston  ;    Chas.  S.  Shoemaker,  Trinity,    Pittsburg  ; 


Hector  Baxter. 


Kdmund  Billings,  Good  Shepherd,  Boston  ;  J.  C.  Loomis,  St. 
Andrew's,  Louisville;  Samuel  S.  Nash,  Trinity,  Scotland  Neck, 
N.  C;  Sidney  T.  Miller,  Christ  Church,  Detroit  ;  .S.  A.  Haines, 
St.  Paul's,  Indianapolis;  John  E.  Mitchell,  Christ  Church, 
Mobile  ;  L  H.  Amos,  Trinity,  Portland,  Ore.  ;  Robert  Stiles, 
St.  Paul's,  Richmond  ;  W.  H.  Stevens,  Trinit}',  Watcrtown.  N. 
Y.  ;  H.  C.  Turnbull,  Jr.,  Trinity,  Towson,  Md.  ;  Joseph  R.  Bar- 
roll,  St.  James',  Chicago;  John  Scely  Ward,  Jr.,  Cathedral 
Mission,  New  York  ;  Carleton   Montgomery,  Assistant  Secretary. 


490  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

REVOLUTIONARY  DAMES. 

It  appeared  from  the  beginning  to  the  end  of  the  Conven- 
tion, that  persons  who  were  allied  by  kindred  ties,  whether  of 
work  or  worship,  blood  or  interest,  literary  or  ancestral,  all  found 
some  expressive  way  of  sharing  their  afifinity  and  love.  Men 
and  women  in  all  times  of  which  history  tells  have  counted  it 
joy  to  tell  of  the  exploits  and  victories  of  their  great  ancestors; 
women  have  ever  been  proud  of  the  renown  of  their  forefathers; 
it  is  not  without  deep  reason  that  Macaulay  makes  the  women 
of  ancient  Rome  tell  their  children  of  the  noble  deeds  and 
conquests  of  Horatius,  and  how  well  he  kept  the  bridge  in  the 
brave  days  of  old.  A  republic  is  in  the  last  stages  of  death 
if  its  women  do  not  revere  the  past,  and  those  who  are  lineal  de- 
scendants of  warriors  who  gave  liberty  to  a  great  people,  and 
made  the  mighty  republic  a  reality,  have  just  reason  to  be 
proud  of  their  heritage,  and  family  names.  It  was  a  happy 
thought  which  designed  the  meeting  of  the  women  who  trace 
their  ancestry  back  to  colonial  days  of  America,  at  the  hos- 
pitable home  of  Mrs.  Geo.  H.  Christian.  In  this  gathering, 
were  women  whose  ancestors  had  done  great  things,  and  by 
whose  hands  God  signally  blessed  the  United  States;  here  the 
Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution  and  Colonial  Dames 
met  in  glad  company.      They  began  arriving  about  four  o'clock. 

Among  the  callers  were  prominent  people  from  all  parts  of 
the  state.  The  parlors  were  pleasantly  aglow  with  fern  and 
lamplight,  and  perfumed  with  many  bouquets  of  roses. 

Mrs.  Christian  greeted  her  guests  at  the  entrance  of  the  main 
drawing  room  as  they  descended  the  stairs,  and  shortly  after 
four  o'clock  a  large  number  were  assembled  and  America  was 
sung. 

After  the  recital  of  the  Lord's  prayer,  Mrs.  John  Ouincy 
Adams,  of  St.  Paul,  vice  regent  of  the  state,  welcomed  the 
Daughters  and  the  Dames  briefly  and  cordially  as  follows: 

"Daughters  of  American  Patriots:  It  is  our  happy  privilege 
to  welcome  you  to-day  to  our  Northwest.  For  several  reasons 
this  is  a  peculiar  pleasure.  P'irst,  we  are  glad  to  show  you 
this  land  of  peace  and  plenty,  whose  abundance  does  so  much 
to  sustain  the  vigor  of  your  older  P^astern  commonwealth. 
Second,  although  the  names  of  our  lakes  and  rivers  and  prairies 
bear  to  your  mind  only  a  geographical  significance,  the  mention 
of  your  mountains,  valleys  and  streams  suggests  to  us  the  dearest 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  49 1 

and  most  sacred  associations.  For  your  homes  and  all  along 
your  Atlantic  coast  are  the  towns  our  fathers  helped  to  found. 
It  is  said  that  the  dwellers  in  provinces  are  often  far  more  loyal 
to  the  home  gov^ernment  than  they  who  remain  in  the  mother 
countr}'.  It  is  therefore  quite  possible  that  dear  as  your  his- 
toric localities  are  to  you  they  may  be  even  idearer  to  us, 
illumined  as  they  are  in  our  affections  by  that  tender,  poetic 
charm,  with  which  we  idealize  whatever  we  have  loved  and  lost. 
Again,  the  vast  procession  of  humanity,  which  has  pressed  onward 
from  the  time  of  Saxon  thane  and  Norman  earl,  has  through 
all  the  centuries  marched  in  division,  upon  each  individual  of 
which  a  certain  distinct  seal  has  been  set.  This  definite  sign 
denotes  a  family,  and  always  bespeaks  a  common  origin, 
however  remote.  Therefore  we  are  glad  to  welcome  you  on 
account  of  this  mysterious  mark  of  kinship.  Your  names 
are  our  names.  In  most  cases,  we  have  more  than  this  un- 
certain consanguinity,  for  among  our  country's  early  settlers 
we  have  discovered  that  your  grandfathers  are  our  grandfathers. 
In  the  frail  refuge  of  the  Mayflower,  in  VVinthrop's  company  of 
gallant  men  and  good  and  fair  women,  at  Salem,  at  VVatertown, 
at  Hartford,  at  Guilford,  and  the  more  Southern  colonies,  we 
find  them  enduring,  fighting,  legislating,  and  always  building 
far  better  than  they  knew.  Whatever  differences  of  personality 
environment  may  have  produced,  we  must  all  unite  in  regarding 
with  gratitude  and  reverence  these  brave  gentlemen,  these  un- 
daunted yeomen,  these  high-hearted  and  devoted  women,  who, 
amid  peril  and  privations,  crossed  the  dim  waters  and  possessed 
themselves  of  this  magnificent  domain  for  our  inheritance.  Let 
us  hope  that  this  brief  association  may  be  so  characterized  by 
sincere  and  kindly  courtesy  as  to  prove  us  worth}-  of  the  gentle 
blood  that  makes  us  your  honored  collaterals." 

After  these  kindly  words  the  ladies,  with  their  differently 
designed  gold  and  blue  badges,  mingled  together  and  explained 
the  distinction  of  their  order,  and  talked  of  lines  that  crossed 
away  back,  making  many  new  friends  and  some  new  -  found 
kinswomen.  Tea  and  chocolate  were  served  at  different  tables 
b)'  various  groups  of  young  women.  The  ladies  who  assisted 
in  recei\ing  were:  Mrs.  R.  M.  Newport,  state  regent;  Mrs.  A. 
11.  Linton,  regent  of  the  Colonial  Chapter  of  Minneapolis;  Mrs. 
C.  McC.  Reeve,  Mrs.  H.  P.  Nichols,  Mrs.  Louis  K.  Hull;  and 
among  the  young  ladies  were:  Miss  Newport,  of  St.  Paul; 
Miss  Greenleaf,  Miss  Crosby,  Miss  Linton,  Miss  Hart,  Miss 
Hastings  and  Miss  Carrie  McKnight. 

Mrs.  Christian  is  the  wife  of  Mr.  Geo.  H.  Christian,  treasurer 
of  the  fund   for  the   entertainment  of   the  General    Convention; 


492  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

their  home  was  the  scene  of  many  delightful  gatherings  during 
the  Convention  month,  and  many  are  the  happy  memories  which 
men  and  women  in  all  parts  of  the  land  have  of  old  friendships 
renewed,  new  ones  made  here. 


ALUMNI  OF  NASHOTA. 

The  alumni  and  trustees  of  Nashota  held  their  reunion  at 
the  Guaranty  Loan  Building  and  mustered  about  thirty  graduates, 
of  that  noble  institution,  who  partook  of  an  excellent  banquet 
and  enjoyed  the  brilliant  eloquence  of  a  number  of  learned  men 
among  those  present. 

Rev.  J.  J.  Faude,  the  toastmaster,  made  some  very  interest- 
ing remarks  eulogistic  of  Nashota,  and  introduced  the  Rev.  W. 
P.  TcnBroeck,  who  spoke  on  the  subject  "Our  Guests."  He 
said  he  supposed  he  was  the  connecting  link  between  Nashota 
and  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota,  as  he  had  represented  her  at 
the  founding  of  Seabury,  where,  he  said,  Nashota  theology  is 
taught.  He  paid  an  eloquent  tribute  to  the  distinguished  guests 
present,  and  was  frequently  interrupted  by  applause. 

Bishop  Nicholson,  of  Milwaukee,  followed  the  Rev.  Mr. 
TenBroeck,  and  told  how  when  he  was  a  six-year-old  tot  he 
saved  his  pennies  for  Nashota,  instead  of  spending  them  for 
candies.  He  spoke  of  his  ideal  Seminary,  which  he  said  was 
the  old  Virginia  Seminary,  of  which  he  was  a  graduate,  and  the 
grand  institution  located  at  the  Nashota  Lakes,  which  had  sent 
five  men  to  Japan.  The  new  Bishop  of  Kyoto  is,  he  thought, 
a  Nashota  man. 

Rev.  Dr.  Roberts  followed  Bishop  Nicholson,  and  was  as 
loud  in  his  praises  of  Nashota  as  the  most  enthusiastic  alumnus 
of  that  great  institution  could  desire.  He  was  reminiscent,  and 
greatly  amused  his  audience  when  he  told  how  at  the  time  he 
was  a  student  at  the  college  he  purchased,  with  other  boys,  a 
keg  of — soda  water  that  was  not  so  palatable  as  they  had  im- 
agined it  would  be  when  they  clandestinely  smuggled  it  into 
the  college  in  anticipation  of  a  high  old  time.  Soda  water  and 
ginger  cakes!      What  a  feast  for  the  Gods! 

Rev.  J.  Rushton,  of  Chicago,  was  introduced  next,  and 
made  a  very    pleasing  address,    as    did    also    Dr.    Gardner,    Dr. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  493 

Leffingwell,  Rev.  Mr.  Francis,  Bishop  nominate,  Rev.  Dean 
Gardner  and  Rev.  Mr.  Weller. 

The  reunion  was  a  success  in  every  particular,  and  reflected 
great  credit  on  the  committee  having  the  matter  in  charge. 

Among  those  present  as  guests  were  Bishops  Nicholson, 
Burgess,  Seymour,  Tuttle,  Grafton  and  Leonard;  and  Rev.  Drs. 
Leffingwell,  Hodges,  Fisk,  Christian,  Gardner,  president  of  Na- 
shota  House,  Rushton. 

The  alumni  present  were:  Bishop  McKim,  Rev.  Messrs. 
Feake,  Tindall,  Francis,  Sweet,  Osborne,  Moran,  'McLain,  Pullen, 
Sheridan,  Susan,  Roberts,  Mallory,  Holcomb,  Dafter,  Gee,  Dean 
Rafter,  Prosser,  Bennett,  Welles,  Pope,  Grange  and  Faude. 


REUNION  OF  ST.  STEPHEN'S  SONS. 

St.  Stephen's  College,  which  has  made  Annandale,  N,  Y., 
famous  by  reason  of  its  classic  associations  and  the  honored 
names  connected  with  it,  is  one  of  the  most  loj-al  institutions 
of  the  Church.  Ample  grounds  of  the  college  embrace  a 
beautiful  park  and  the  grouping  of  the  buildings  is  artistic. 
The  refectory,  "Orient  hall,"  the  Bishop  Potter  Memorial  hall, 
Ludlow  and  Willink  hall,  the  warden's  residence,  the  magnifi- 
cent Hoffman  Library,  which  cost  nearly  one  hundred  thousand 
dollars,  the  gift  of  the  Rev.  C.  F.  Hoffman,  of  New  York,  to- 
gether with  the  beautiful  Holy  Innocents  Chapel,  where  the 
students  worship,  are  altogether  unique  and  striking  in  appear- 
ance, and  suggestive  of  that  sound  learning  and  religious  culture 
for  which  St.  Stephen's  is  noted.  The  late  Horatio  Potter, 
Bishop  of  New  York,  together  with  the  late  Dr.  McVicker, 
the  late  chancellor,  J.  V.  Pruyn,  John  Bard,  and  Rev.  Dr.  G. 
F.  Seymour,  now  Bishop  of  Springfield,  was  the  founder  of  the 
college.  Bishop  Seymour  was  the  first  warden,  or  president, 
of  the  institution,  and  under  his  wise  administration  the  college 
received  a  great  impulse.  His  is  one  of  the  honored  names 
which  will  always  be  inseparably  linked  with  St.  Stephen's. 
The  Rev.  R.  B.  Fairbairn,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  L.  H.  D., 
has  been  warden  for  over  twenty-five  years.  His  is  a  name 
widely    known    throughout   the    Church.      He    is    noted  for  his 


4g4  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

wisdom  and  courage  and  his  high  scholarship.  At  the  dedica- 
tion of  Hoffman  Library  last  June,  the  alumni,  as  a  token  of 
their  esteem  for  him,  presented  the  college  with  a  beautiful 
bronze  bust  of  the  now  famous  warden.  The  Rt.  Rev.  H.  C. 
Potter,  D.  D..  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  Oxon.,  Bishop  of  New  York, 
is  the  president  of  the  Board  of  Trustees.  The  Bishop  takes 
a  keen  interest  in  the  affairs  of  the  college. 

The  college,  though  in  existence  about  thirty-five  years,  has 
given  to  the  Church  some  two  hundred  and  fifty  clergymen  who 
are  laboring  in  all  parts  of  the  United  States  and  in  foreign 
countries.  Many  of  these  are  men  of  mark.  The  late  Dr. 
Francis  Harrison  took  a  commanding  position  in  the  General 
Convention  in  Canon  law.  The  present  Convention  has  among 
its  deputies  several  alumni  of  St.  Stephen's.  In  the  Albany 
delegation  is  the  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph  Carey,  Rector  of  Bethesda 
Church,  Saratoga  Springs,  and  Archdeacon  of  Troy.  The  Rev. 
G.  H.  Stirling,  who  is  a  deputy  from  Central  Pennsylvania ; 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Drane,  who  is  a  representative  from  East  Carolina ; 
the  Rev.  J.  S.  Moody,  who  is  in  the  Maine  delegation  ;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Davenport,  chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Canons,  is  dele- 
gate from  Tennessee;  the  Rev.  G.  S.  Bennitt,  deputy  from  New- 
ark ;  and  the  Rev.  W.  H.  Tomlins  in  the  Springfield  delega- 
tion. 

On  the  14th,  a  religious  and  social  reunion  was  held  at  7:30 
A.  M.,  in  St.  Mark's  Church.  Holy  Communion  was  held.  Bishops 
Seymour  and  Leonard  officiating,  assisted  by  the  Rev.  W.  H. 
Tomlins,  of  St.  Louis.  In  the  evening  there  was  a  social  re- 
union which  was  largly  attended. 


CONFRATERNITY  OF  THE  BLESSED  SACRAMENT. 

The  American  branch  of  the  Confraternity  of  the  Blessed 
Sacrament  of  the  Body  and  Blood  of  Christ  consists  of  Bishops, 
Priests,  and  Deacons,  and  communicants  of  both  sexes  who 
agree  to  give  the  honor  due  to  the  person  of  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  in  the  Sacrament  of.  His  body  and  blood  ;  to  mutual 
and  special  intercession  at  the  time  of  and  in  union  with  the 
Eucharistic  Sacrifice  ;  to  promote  the  observance  of  the  Catholic 
and  primitive  practice  of  receiving  the  Holy  Communion  fasting. 


496  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Superior  General  is  the  Rt.  Rev.  C.  C.  Grafton,  S.  T. 
U.,  Bishop  of  Fond  du  Lac;  Secretary  General,  the  Rev.  E.  B. 
Taylor,  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.;  Treasurer  General,  Mr.  W.  C.  Day- 
ton, Chicago. 

The  Confraternity  had  daily  Eucharistic  services  at  All  Saints' 
Church,  Rev.  A.  Alexander,  Rector.  At  a  public  service,  un- 
known to  any  official  or  Churchman,  some  artist  took  a  snap 
photograph  from  the  door,  a  copy  of  which  was  given  to  the 
Rector,  who  has  furnished  it  to  me  for  reproduction  here. 


ST.  BARNABAS  HOSPITAL. 

The  "Cottage  Hospital,"  of  which  St.  Barnabas,  Minneapolis, 
is  the  outcome,  was  the  first  institution  of  the  kind  in  this 
city.  It  was  founded  March  ist,  1S71,  by  Rev.  D.  B.  Knicker- 
backcr,  then  Rector  of  the  Church  of  Gethsemane,  late  Bishop 
of  Indiana.  It  was  located  in  a  private  dwelling  house  on  the 
corner  of  Washington  Ave.  N.  and  Marcy  St.,  the  latter  now 
known  as  Ninth  Ave.  N.  It  remained  there  for  a  few  years  ; 
in  the  meantime  two  valuable  lots  were  secured  at  the  corner 
of  Sixth  St.  and  Ninth  Ave.  S.,  the  present  location  of  St. 
Barnabas  Hospital.  A  large  dwelling  house  was  also  secured 
and  moved  on  to  the  lots;  this  was  about  1873  or  '74.  Larger 
accommodations  being  needed  for  the  work,  about  1S75  the 
capacity  was  increased  by  the  building  of  a  brick  addition,  to 
accommodate  forty  patients  ;  and  also  a  frame  addition,  the 
latter  being  donated  by '  the  Hon.  H.  F.  Welles.  This  was 
devoted  exclusively  to  surgical  cases,  accommodating  six  pa- 
tients. Jt  was  known  as  the  "Welles'  Pavilion."  All  of  this 
work  was  accomplished  through  the  earnest  efforts  of  its  founder, 
who  enlisted  the  sympathies  and  good  will  of  people  of  all 
classes  and  religion  and  denominations.  They  were  generous 
in  their  contribution,  both  as  to  the  building  and  support  of 
the  hospital.  On  completion  of  these  additions,  they  were  dedi- 
cated as  "St.  Barnabas  Hospital,"  the  name  previously  being 
changed  by  vote  of  the  "  Brotherhood  of  Gethsemane,"  an 
oraganization  of  the  church  of  same  name,  which  the  Rector 
had  interested  in  this  and  other  charitable  work,  and  to  whom 
the    management    of   the    hospital    had  been    transferred    by    its 


498  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

founder,  he  being  the  president  and  leading  spirit  in  all  its 
movements. 

The  hospital  continued  under  the  management  of  the  Broth- 
erhood, constantly  increasing  its  works  of  mercy  and  usefulness 
by  administering  to  the  souls  as  well  as  the  bodies  of  patients, 
until  about  September,  1883,  at  which  time  the  Rev.  D.  B. 
Knickerbacker,  being  about  to  leave  the  city,  having  been  chosen 
Bishop  of  Indiana,  he  having  interested  the  other  parishes  of 
the  city  in  the  hospital,  the  "  Brotherhood  of  Gethsemane " 
decided  to  relinquish  its  management.  This  resulted  in  the 
incorporation  of  the  institution  in  Sept.,  1883,  with  a  board  of 
twelve  trustees  selected  from  the  different  parishes  of  the  city, 
the  work  to  be  carried  on  under  the  auspices  and  control  of 
the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  but  patients  received  irre- 
spective of  sex,  nationality,  color  or  religious  belief.  In  1886, 
the  capacity  of  the  hospital  was  again  increased  by  the  trustees, 
by  the  erection  of  a  brick  addition  containing  sixteen  rooms, 
in  rear  of  the  original  brick  building.  A  short  time  after  this 
an  operating  room,  with  amphitheater,  was  built  for  surgical 
operations  ;  this  was  situated  between  front  and  rear  brick 
buildings.  Tlicsc  improvements,  costing  about  $10,000,  were 
paid  for  chiefly  by  the  aid  of  the  Episcopal  churches  of  the 
city.  By  their  continued  aid,  a  large  amount  of  charitable  work 
has  been  done.  There  has  always  been  an  able  staff  of  physi- 
cians and  surgeons  connected  with  the  hcspital  who  have  ren- 
dered their  services  gratuitously. 

The  work  went  on  under  the  management  of  trustees  satis- 
factorily, until,  about  two  years  ago,  they  found  that  other 
hospitals  having  been  built  with  more  conveniences,  modern 
appliances  and  better  sanitary  conditions,  our  patients  were 
decreasing  in  number,  physicians  finding  better  accommodations 
elsewhere  for  them.  It  was  talked  of  and  agitated  for  some 
time  among  the  trustees  how  to  overcome  this  lack  of  patron- 
age, and  have  St.  Barnabas  continue  in  her  works  of  charity 
and  mercy,  and  regain  her  former  prestige.  A  short  time 
before  this  one  of  our  valued  directors,  Richard  Martin,  had 
died.  He  was  always  interested  in  the  work  of  the  hospital, 
our  beloved  Lord  having  put  it  into  his  heart.  The  hospital 
was  remembered  in  the  will,  and  it  came  into  possession  of 
(juite  an  amount   of    money.       It    was    decided    by    the    trustees 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  499 

that  we  could  not  use  it  to  better  advantage  than  by  improving 
the  facilities  for  the  hospital  work.  On  March  4th,  1893,  the 
P2xecutive  Committee  was  authorized  to  make  thorough  investi- 
gation and  ascertain  cost  of  putting  our  building  in  first  -  class 
condition.  Committee  reported  on  April  26th,  1S93,  with  sketch 
of  plan  for  remodeling  old  buildings.  They  not  being  entirely 
satisfactory,  committee  was  instructed  to  secure  further  plans 
and  specifications.  On  June  22nd,  1893,  committee  reported 
on  two  plans  for  remodeling  and  one  for  entire  new  buildings. 
After  discussion  of  the  matter,  it  was  decided  that  it  would  be 
for  best  interests  of  hospital  to  remove  original  brick  building, 
and  the  frame  dwelling,  and  build  new  from  the  foundation. 
A  plan  was  adopted  from  the  different  sketches  presented,  and 
committee  instructed  to  have  detailed  drawings  and  specifica- 
tions made  by  the  architects,  and  reliable  bids  on  the  cost  of 
construction  asked  for.  Long  &  Kees  were  architects.  After 
various  changes  and  renewal  of  bids,  the  committee's  report  was 
accepted  early  in  November,  and  work  authorized  to  be  com- 
menced. The  hospital  had  been  closed  on  the  ist"  of  September, 
and  furniture  removed,  in  anticipation  of  rebuilding.  Work  of 
remodeling  old  buildings  was  commenced  about  the  middle  of 
November.  It  had  progressed  far  enough  so  that  on  the  30th  of 
Dec,  1893,  the  corner  stone  of  new  hospital  was  laid  with  appro- 
priate religious  ceremonies. 

In  connection  with  the  work,  a  Board  of  Women  Directors 
were  elected  by  the  trustees  at  annual  meeting  St.  Barnabas 
Day,  June,  '93,  but  were  not  organized  until  Jan.,  '94.  The  active 
management  of  the  hospital,  exclusive  of  the  medical  and 
surgical  care  of  patients,  will  hereafter  be  under  the  control 
of  a  committee  of  these  directors,  consisting  of  the  president, 
secretary  and  one  director.  It  is  expected  that  this  organization 
will  be  very  effective  in  the  proper  conducting  and  regulating 
of  the  hospital. 

Some  small  legacies,  amounting  to  about  $3000  all  told,  have 
been  given  to  the  hospital  by  patients  in  recognition  of  the  bless- 
ings and  comforts  received  by  them  while  under  its  care  and 
influence.  The  amount  is  safely  invested  and  the  income  only 
used  in  general  work.  There  is  also  a  charity  fund,  the  income 
from  which  to  be  devoted  entirely  to  care  of  patients  who  have 
no  means. 


500  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

It  was  intended  by  the  founder  of  this  hospital  to  make  the 
work  entirely  free,  in  relieving  the  sick,  suffering  and  distressed 
both  in  body  and  mind;  a  charitable  institution,  not  only  in 
name,  but  in  deeds.  This  also  is  the  sole  object  of  the  Board 
of  Trustees,  as  fast  as  its  income  will  allow. 

Richard  Martin  was  one  of  the  early  residents  of  Minneapolis, 
and  a  friend  of  Bishop  Knickerbacker,  and  interested  in  his 
works  of  charity  and  mercy.  He  was  one  of  the  original 
incorporators  when  the  property  was  turned  over  by  Bishop 
Knickerbacker  to  the  corporation.  Mr.  Martin  was  always 
interested  in  the  hospital  and  in  its  success.  On  his  death 
about  five  years  ago,  he  left  a  piece  of  property  on  Western 
Ave.,  in  trust,  to  be  sold  within  ten  years  after  his  death, 
the  principal  to  be  invested  and  interest  to  be  devoted  to 
charitable  work  of  St.  Barnabas  Hospital,  if,  in  the  mean  time, 
there  was  satisfactory  evidence  established  in  the  minds  of 
the  trustees  that  the  church  people  of  the  city  were  doing 
all  in  their  power  for  the  same  object.  The  property  is  still 
unsold  and  in  the  hands  of  trustees.  The  hospital  received  a 
portion  of  the  personal  property  of  Mr.  Martin,  which  enabled  the 
corporation  to  begin  the  construction  of  the  present  commodious 
building.  With  the  addition  of  $20,000  raised  by  mortgage  on 
the  property,  they  were  enabled  to  complete  it.  The  estimated 
value,  exclusive  of  the  furnishings,  is  about  1^75,000.  There  is 
at  present  accommodation  for  about  fifty-five  patients,  and  expect 
shortly  to  increase  to  seventy-five.  The  present  trustees  are: 
Rev.  J.  J.  Faude,  Rev.  F.  T.  Webb,  J.  C.  Reno,  Geo.  S.  Grimes, 
C.  M.  Hardenbergh,  John  I.  Black,  Brest.,  L.  R.  Robertson,  Sec. 
and  Treas.,  Rev.  H.  P.  Nichols,  A.  G.  Dunlop,  Hector  Baxter, 
W.  W.  Folwell,  A.  S.  Lovett.     Rev.  F.  T.  Webb,  Chaplain. 

woman's  board  of  directors. 

Mrs.  Mary  S.  Lawrence,  St.  Mark's,  President;  Mrs.  Annie 
M.  Smith,  Gethsemane,  Managing  Directress  ;  Ida  Dickinson 
Hall,  St.  Paul's,  Secretary;  Mrs.  Louise  N.  Murphy,  Gethsemane; 
Mrs.  R.  S.  Burhyte  and  Miss  Kate  Welles,  St.  Mark's;  Mrs.  J.  C. 
Cockburn,  Mrs.  P.  M.  Thompson  and  Mrs.  Efifie  Lyon,  Holy 
Trinity;  Mrs.  A.  F.  Kenyon,  St.  Paul's;  Mrs.  Mary  A.  Wilkin- 
son and  Mrs.  M.  E.  Buckman,  St.  Andrew's  ;  Mrs.  McDougall 
and  Mrs.  Livingston,  All    Saints';    Mrs.    C.  S.  Hixon  and  Mrs. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  501 

Thos.  Cox,  Grace;   Mrs.  F.  H.  Hall  and  Mrs.  G.  G.  Williams,  St. 
Luke's. 

MEDICAL    STAFF. 

Chief  of  Staff,  Thomas  S.  Roberts,  M.  D. ;  Surgeons,  J.  E. 
Moore,  M.  D.,  Knute  Hoegh,  M.  D.,  J.  Clarke  Stuart,  M.  D., 
J.  W.  McDonald,  M.  D. ;  Physicians,  Thos.  S.  Roberts,  M.  D., 
H.  M.  Bracken,  M.  D. ;  J.  T.  Moore,  M.  D. ;  C.  H.  Hunter,  M. 
D. ;  Diseases  of  Women,  A.  W.  Abbott,  M.  D. ;  Eye  and  Ear, 
H.  M.  Morton,  M  D. ;  Nervous  Diseases,  R.  O.  Beard,  M.  D.; 
Skin  Diseases,  M.  P.  V^anderhorck,  M.  D. ;  Throat  and  Nose, 
J.   H.   Martindale,  M.   D.     The  Matron  is   Miss   Purdy. 


RACINE  ALUMNI 

The  Racine  men  were  invited  by  Mr.  W.  R.  Merriam,  a 
former  governor  of  the  state  of  Minnesota,  to  his  beautiful  home 
in  St.  Paul  to  have  their  triennial  reunion.  A  service  is  held 
once  every  three  years,  at  the  Convention.  It  was  held  in  the 
Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  St.  Paul,  where,  with  singular  devo- 
tion and  fidelity,  the  Rev.  William  C.  Pope,  M.  A.,  a  Racine  man, 
and  a  warm  friend  of  the  great  Doctor  de  Koven,  has  ministered. 
The  sermon  was  by  Bishop  Gailor,  who  declared  that  de  Koven 
was  the  only  father  he  ever  knew,  and  for  whose  great  knowl- 
edge, wisdom,  eloquence,  and  consecration  he  had  the  very 
highest  respect.  It  is  very  easy  for  all  who  know  the  Bishop  to 
see  how  largely  he  has  been  influenced  by  the  great  warden, 
who  spent  twenty  years  in  the  prime  of  his  life  at  Racine.  In 
a  preface  to  a  volume  of  de  Koven's  sermons.  Dr.  Dix  pa}-s  an 
exquisite  tribute  to  de  Koven,  and  says:  "I  knew  him  at  the 
General  Seminary.  In  those  days  he  began  a  ragged  school  and 
taught  with  great  diligence."  In  years  after,  in  the  General 
Convention,  a  Clergyman  asked  to  be  presented  to  de  Koven, 
and  said:  "I  was  a  boy  in  your  ragged  school."  Do  Ko\'en 
was  a  high  Churchman,  sweet,  gentle,  and  of  great  ability.  He 
had  the  happy  gift  of  influencing  those  who  knew  his  work  and 
worth.  Ex-governor  Merriam  was  one  of  his  pui)ils,  and  he 
was  highly  regarded  by  the  warden.  At  the  reception  at  Mr. 
Merriam's  a  bountiful  supper  was  served;  then  the  meeting  took 
a  practical  turn.     E.  C.  Richmond  gave  five  thousand  dollars  to 


502  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

an  endowment  fund;  Mr.  Merriam  gave  two  thousand  dollars  and 
others  promised  help.  Amongst  those  present  were:  Rev.  Dr. 
Piper,  the  wai'den  at  Racine ;  Bishop  Seymour,  Revs.  T.  W. 
McLean,  E.  B.  Spalding,  J.  J.  Faude,  E.  C.  Richmond,  W.  J. 
Miller,  A.  du  Pont,  Parker,  and  many  more.  At  a  meeting  the 
day  after,  held  at  Mr.  Osborn's  office,  it  was  resolved  to  form 
a  corporation  for  the  purpose  of  raising  endowment.  Such  a 
reunion  is  memorable. 


THE   REV.   H.   P.   AND  MRS.   NICHOLS   GIVE   A   FARE- 
WELL LUNCH. 

One  hundred  and  fifty  of  the  Bishops,  Deputies  and  their 
wives  were  entertained  on  the  last  day  of  the  Convention  by 
the  Rector  of  St.  Mark's  Church  and  his  amiable  wife.  There 
was  a  singular  pleasure  in  this  gathering,  because  so  many 
present  had  spent  three  weeks,  in  business,  in  worship,  and  in 
social  intercourse,  together,  and  now  were  soon  to  part  and  each 
go  their  own  way  to  the  places  in  the  world  in  which  the 
Master,  Christ,  has  placed  them  to  work  for  Him. 

On  the  verge  of  separation,  they  talked  most  wittily  and 
gracefully.  It  was  a  genial  hour.  The  house  was  in  festive 
array,  La  France  and  Marechal  Neil  roses  mingling  their  per- 
fumes, and  big  yellow  chrysanthemums  nodding  cheerfully  from 
vases  here  and  there.  The  main  part  of  the  luncheon  was 
served  from  a  table  laid  in  the  dining-room,  where  presided 
Mrs.  Geo.  H.  Christian,  Mrs.  Hallowell,  and  Miss  Kate 
Welles.  In  the  drawing  room  and  library  were  tea  and 
coffee  services.  A  group  of  young  ladies  handed  the  steam- 
ing cups  about.  Among  them  were  the  Misses  Elsie  Harden- 
burg.  Snider,  Gertrude  Linton,  and  Nichols.  Mrs.  Nichols  was 
further  assisted  by  Mrs.  Webb,  Mrs.  Paine,  and  Mrs.  Har- 
rington. Among  the  guests  were :  Bishops  Whipple,  Coxe, 
Neely,  Tuttle,  Doane,  Huntington,  Whittaker,  Niles,  Garrett, 
Dudley,  McLaren,  Perry,  Burgess,  Brewer,  Potter,  Randolph, 
Walker,  Gilbert,  Talbot,  Johnston,  Leonard,  Vincent,  W.  A. 
Leonard,  Davies,  Nichols,  Atwill,  Sessums,  Kinsolving,  Barker, 
McKim,  Graves,  Capers,  Lawrence,  Hall,  White,  and  Millspaugh. 


I 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  503 

ALL  PRALSE  ST.  PAUL   AND  MINNEAPOLIS. 

Before  leaving  the  city,  the  Deputies  were  very  free  in  their 
praise  of  Minneapolis  and  also  of  St.  Paul.  Mr.  Thomas,  of 
Philadelphia,  declared  he  had  never  seen  a  finer  view  than  that 
obtained  from  Summit  Ave.,  St.  Paul,  and  whenever  that  city 
was  mentioned,  every  one  spoke  well  of  it,  and  of  the  uniform 
cordiality  and  kindness  of  its  people  to  members  of  the  Con- 
vention and  to  the  Woman's  Auxiliary.  Mrs.  Twing,  Miss  Julia 
C.  Emery,  Mrs.  Colt,  of  Hartford,  Mrs.  Locke,  of  Chicago,  Miss 
Leadbeater,  Miss  Benner,  and  Miss  May  Causland,  of  Phila- 
delphia, Miss  A.  Loring,  Boston,  Mrs.  S.  V.  R.  Thayer.  President 
of  the  Mass.  Branch  of  Woman's  Auxiliary,  with  many  more, 
said,  never  had  their  triennial  meetings  been  provided  for  with 
greater  care,  enthusiasm  and  effectiveness.  Of  course,  the  Con- 
vention sitting  in  Minneapolis,  it  was  natural  that  it  should 
come  in  for  laudation,  if  it  deserved  it,  for  gentlemen  and  ladies 
always  value  kindness  and  attention. 

"  I  was  born  in  Virginia.  I  live  in  Kentucky.  I  never  saw 
Convention  entertained  like  this  we  have  in  the  West.  I  never 
expect  to  see  it  equalled." — Bishop  Dudley,  of  Kentucky. 

"Nothing  could  be  asked  or  desired  more  than  we  have 
received  in  Minneapolis.  It  is  a  great  city." — Bishop  Nelson, 
of  Georgia. 

"I  will  vote  for  any  place  for  Convention  if  we  can  have 
such  care,  attention  and  service  as  we  have  had  at  the  West 
Hotel." — J.  J.  Goodwin,  Flartford,  Conn. 

"The  people  of  the  West  are  to  be  congratulated  on  the 
successful  results  of  their  efforts  to  entertain  the  Convention." 
— John  Nicholas  Brown,   Providence. 

"Your  climate  is  fine;  your  citizens  generous;  your  hotel 
accommodations  superb.  ^linneapolis  is  a  great  Convention 
city." — A.  J.  C.  Sowdon,    Boston. 

"For  a  Convention  of  any  kind,  this  is  a  great  city.  We 
shall  long  remember  the  kindness  of  your  people." — William 
McVickar,  D.  D.,  Philadelphia. 

"I  must  say  this  Convention  is  great,  and  a  surprise  to 
many  Eastern  people." — William  Jefferies,  D.  D.,  Tacoma. 

"You  set  out  to  entertain  this  Convention  well,  and  }'ou  have 
done  it  in  a  most  admirable  way." — Rev.  Morgan  Dix,  D.  D., 
New  York. 

"The  West  Hotel  has  done  much  to  make  the  Convention 
a  notable  one,  for  its  social   pleasure.     It   is  not  excelled  in  all 


504  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

America  for  its  rotunda  and  general  arrangement.  We  have 
had  every  attention.  The  Convention  has  been  all  that  could 
have  been  looked  for." — Bishop  Niles,  New  Hampshire. 

"My  experience  of  the  Convention  of  1895  will  always  be 
pleasant.  The  entertainment  of  the  Convention  is  a  great  sur- 
prise to  many  of  the  Deputies." — Robert  Treat  Paine,  Boston. 

"I  am  sure  this  city  has  made  its  mark  upon  all  who  at- 
tended the  Convention.  The  entertainment  has  been  fine  in 
every  way."- — Bishop  Gaylor,  Tennessee. 

"If  we  were  asked  to  come  here  again  in  three  years,  I 
should  not  say  nay." — Rev.  Dr.  Richards,   Providence. 

"We  shall  long  remember  with  gratitude  the  people  of  this 
city.  They  have  treated  us  nobly."  —  Bishop  Leonard,  Cleve- 
land, Ohio. 

"  Nothing  more  could  be  done,  it  seems  to  me,  than  has 
been  done  for  the  good  and  for  the  convenience  of  all  the 
members  of  the  Convention." — Col.  Reynolds,  Erie,  Pa. 

"The  Convention  leaves  happy  memories.  This  city  has 
been  wonderful  in  its  growth.  1  am  surprised  to  see  you  have 
such  good  sidewalks  everywhere,  and  such  good  accommoda- 
tions of  all  kinds." — Dean  Hoffman,  New  York. 

"I  am  perfectly  delighted  with  Minneapolis.  My  stay  has 
been  a  happy  one  in  every  respect.  The  accommodations  were 
perfect  and  complete.  There  was  absolutely  nothing  lacking, 
and  I  am  voicing  the  sentiments  of  my  guests,  I  know,  when 
I  say  that  nothing  more  could  possibly  have  been  done.  The 
kindness  which  has  been  shown  the  members  of  our  party,  the 
courtesy  and  attention,  will  never  be  forgotten.  With  some  of 
us,  much  as  we  want  to  get  back  to  business,  it  is  a  regret  that 
we  are  leaving  the  city  which  has  looked  so  well  after  the 
people  who  have  attended  the  Convention." — J.  Picrpont  Morgan. 


THE  CANADIAN  DELEGATION. 

The  Canadian  Church  sent  a  very  strong  delegation  to  the 
Convention,  to  bring  fraternal  greetings.  Archbishop  Mach- 
ray,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  Prelate  of  the  Order  of  St. 
Michael  and  St.  George,  Archbishop  of  Ruperts  Land,  and 
Metropolitan  of  all  Canada,  was  at  its  head.  He  is  a  giant  in 
stature,  and  a  kingly  man  in  every  way.  He  has  had  a  history 
which  is  very  exceptional,  even  amongst  distinguished  ecclesi- 
astics: a  native  of  Scotland;  took  honors  in  the  University  of 
Aberdeen  ;  then  at  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge,  England, 
where  he  was   one   of   the   wranglers;   'took    Holy  "^Orders,  and 


506  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

had  a  most  useful  career;  was,  in  1865,  consecrated  Bishop  of 
Ruperts  Land,  and  in  thirty  years  his  work  has  grown,  so  that 
in  the  places  over  which  he  alone  had  jurisdiction  now  there 
are  seven  Bishops  under  him.  There  is  no  great  public  good 
in  Canada  which  has  been  done  on  a  national  scale,  in  the  last 
thirty  years,  he  has  not  considered  and  helped.  He  is  strongly 
evangelical  in  his  views,  and  a  man  of  deep,  calm  spiritual 
power. 

RT.    REV.    JOHN    W.    BURN,    D.    D.,    D.    C.    L., 

Is  a  man  in  the  very  prime  of  life;  is  Bishop  of  Qu  'Appelle, 
a  hard  field  in  which  to  work,  but  he  never  loses  heart,  and  in 
which  he  has  been  signally  blessed.  He  is  an  Englishman, 
with  a  distinguished  record,  having  been  a  wrangler  at  Cam- 
bridge. He  is  well  informed  in  regard  to  Church  work,  not 
alone  in  Canada,  but  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  and  being  in 
deep  sympathy  with  all  aggressive  labor  for  the  spread  of  Christ's 
Kingdom,  he  was  at  home  in  the  midst  of  kindred  spirits  who 
met  in  General  Convention  at   Minneapolis. 

THE    VERY    REV.    DEAN    CARMICHAEL,    D.    D. 

Dean  Carmichael,  of  Montreal,  is  never  like  a  man  of  whom 
we  hear  from  California,  who  was  near  a  mining  camp.  The 
miners  said,  "  We  hear  this  man  is  a  preacher,  and  we  would 
like  him  to  preach  for  us."  It  was  told  the  divine  messenger. 
He  said  :  "  O,  yes,  of  course  ;  I  have  been  to  Alaska  ;  I  will 
come  up  to  your  hall  and  tell  you  all  about  the  glorious  scen- 
ery, and  the  like."  The  men  said  :  "  No,  we  can  read  that  in 
a  paper;  if  you  have  anything  to  say  about  religion,  we  shall 
be  glad  to  hear  that."  So  he  went  and  talked  about  the  great 
salvation.  Dean  Carmichael  was  not  that  man  ;  he  never  tells 
a  man  the  way  to  Palestine  who  comes  to  learn  the  road  to 
heaven.  He  has  the  reputation  of  being  one  of  the  few  great 
preachers  in  Canada.  Great  preachers  are  comparatively  few 
anywhere,  and  be  is  what  he  is  because  he  is  so  faithful,  so 
earnest,  so  honest,  and  so  plain  ;  he  never  cuts  off  the  corners 
from  unpleasant  truths  ;  never  apologizes  for  the  word  of  the 
Lord,  and  speaks  thus:  "If  the  wicked  do  not  repent,  they  will 
be  sent  to  a  place  I  will  not  name  before  this  polite  assembly." 
Those  who  are  privileged  to  listen  when  the  Dean  is  in  the 
pulpit  hear  the  truth  as  he  understands  it, — right  is  a  fact,  wrong 
is  a  fact  ;  the  one  has  God  and  eternity  for  its  defence  ;  the 
other  has  him  for  its  foe,  and  must  be  overthrown.  Every  line 
of  the  Dean's  face,  every  gesture  of  his,  tell  all  who  listen  the 
earnestness  of  the  man,  and  as  the  heart  of  man  is  made  for 
God,  the  Dean  finds  this  preaching  tells,  tells  so  much  that 
St.  George's  Church,  Montreal,  is  filled  with  those  who  desire 
to  worship   there   and   to   hear   the    Dean.      This  man  is  not  a 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  50 7 

stranger  in  the  American  Church.  Calvary  Parish,  New  York 
City  is  one  of  note.  To  this  historic  Parish  Dean  Carmichael 
was  once  called  to  be  Rector,  and  he  said:  "Gentlemen,  I  feel  the 
honor  you  do  me  ;  I  would  gladly  come  to  you,  if  duty  appeared 
to  say  so  ;  but  I  have  other  work  given  by  my  Master  that  I 
must  do."  So  even  Calvary  Parish  had  to  look  another  way. 
The  Dean  is  a  good  scholar,  is  polished  in  deportment,  and 
shows  the  faith  he  has  in  God  by  doing  the  things  He  com- 
mands. 

THE    VERY    REV.    DEAN    GRISDALE,    B.  D.,   D.  C.  L. 

Dean  Grisdale,  the  Dean  of  Ruperts  Land,  was  educated  at 
the  Church  Missionary  College,  London,  for  five  }'ears,  from 
1865  to  1870.  In  1S71  he  went  to  Calcutta,  under  the  Bishop 
of  Persia,  and  became  head  of  the  college  at  Arga.  His  health 
failed  and  he  had  to  come  home,  and  later  went  to  Manitoba, 
where  he  was  incessant  in  labor,  and  reaped  his  reward.  He 
was  made  Dean,  and  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  gave  him 
the  degree  of  B.  D.,  in  1876.  Trinity  University  gave  him  his 
D.  C.  L.  The  Dean  is  a  man  of  public  spirit,  and  has  held 
many  ofifices  of  public  trust.  He  is  a  most  active  man  in  all 
that  concerns  the  well  being  of  the  province  in  which  he  lives, 
and  it  goes  without  saying  that  he  never  lets  an  opportunity  of 
serving  his  Church  pass  unimproved.  In  a  new  world,  like 
Canada,  it  is  of  the  very  greatest  importance  that  men  whose 
minds  are  like  the  Dean's,  cultured  by  knowledge,  and  whose 
hearts  are  filled  with  grace,  shall  find  a  home.  Not  the  least 
advantage  of  the  Convention  is  that  the  whole  people  of  the 
western  states  of  America  see  what  manner  of  men  are  la}'ing 
foundations  in  this  Republic.  Men  have  not  alone  to  be  counted, 
—  they  have  to  be  weighed  and  measured,  and  such  men  as 
gathered  here  have  an  influence  incalculable. 

The  laymen  of  Canada  were  ably  represented  bv^  Matthew 
Wilson,  O.  C,  and  Mr.  A.  H.  Brock. 

MATTHEW    WILSON. 

Matthew  Wilson,  O.  C,  born  in  1854,  is  a  resident  of  Chatham, 
Ont.,  and  senior  partner  in  the  firm  of  Wilson,  Rankin,  McKeogh 
&  Kerr.  He  is  a  member  of  the  legal  profession,  which  he 
entered  after  graduating  with  honors  at  Toronto  in  1879,  and 
in  which  he,  after  the  short  period  of  ten  years,  had  the  dis- 
tinction of  Queen's  Counsel  conferred  upon  him  by  the  crown. 
He  has  practiced  his  profession  in  the  various  courts  of  Ontario, 
in  the  Supreme  Court  of  Canada  and  in  the  Privy  Council  of 
England.  He  is  now  the  president  of  the  Western  Bar  Asso- 
ciation, and  he  was  an  honored  guest  of  the  American  Bar 
Association,  which  recently  met  in  Detroit. 


Matthew  Wilson,  Q.  C. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  5O9 

Mr.  Wilson  has  from  boyhood  been  an  active  worker  in  the 
Councils  and  Mission  Boards  of  the  Church,  and  he  is  now  a 
member  of  the  General  Diocesan,  Provincial,  and  General  Synods 
of  Canada,  and  he  is  also  a  member  of  the  Council  of  Huron 
Divinity  College  of  London.  He  is  an  advocate  and  liberal 
supporter  of  higher  education,  both  secular  and  religious,  and 
has  long  urged  more  active  co-operation  of  the  laymen  in  the 
spiritual  work  of  the  Church.  He  is  not  a  "party  man"  in 
Church  affairs — believing  that  our  creed  is  broad  enough  to 
admit  all  who  know  the  saving  grace  of  Christ,  no  matter  what 
dress  or  vestments  they  may  wear  or  what  particular  ritual  they 
prefer.  It  is  in  such  views  as  these  that  the  Church  stands 
as  she  truly  ought,  a  place  where  men  may  meet  who  are 
willing  that  there  shall  be  in  things  doubtful,  libert}';  in  things 
essential,  unity;  and  in  all  things,  charity.  If  this  spirit  had 
always  dominated  the  Church,  it  would  have  saved  it  from 
many  unhappy  divisions  and  much  discord. 

MR.    A.    H.    BROCK. 

"A  man  is  known  by  the  company  he  keeps,"  is  an  old 
saying  which  expresses  much  truth.  Although  Mr.  Brock  is 
not  known  to  fame  in  the  way  several  men  in  this  delegation 
are,  it  is  glory  enough  to  be  sent  from  Canada  by  the  great 
Anglican  Church,  to  represent  her  at  the  General  Convention 
of  the  American  Church.  Mr.  Brock  is  a  layman  to  whom 
the  Church  means  much,  and  for  her  he  is  very  ready  to  work 
and  pray,  and  to  give  of  his  means. 


MEMBERS  OF  THE  CONVENTION. 

In  reading  about  the  members  of  the  General  Convention,  it 
must  be  kept  in  mind,  that  it  is  a  body  of  men  in  which  there 
is  not  a  man  of  whom  noble  words  cannot  in  truth  be  spoken. 

The  House  of  Bishops  is  selected  from  clergymen  who  have 
given  good  proof  of  ability,  and  who  have  almost  without  ex- 
ception been  successful  in  parochial  or  professional  work,  or 
both. 

The  House  of  Deputies  is  made  of  priests  of  the  Church  and 
of  laymen,  who  are  chosen  by  the  Diocesan  Councils  for  the 
express  purpose  of  representing  the  mind  of  the  Church  in  its 
parliament.       In    the    rank    of   Clerical    Deputies    are    men    who 


510 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


truly  and  with  consummate  ability,  and  many  of  them  with 
very  polished  eloquence  represent  all  interests  of  the  Church; 
and  there  are  others,  who,  if  not  so  eloquent,  have  profound 
knowledge  and  sound  judgment.  Amongst  the  Lay  Deputies 
arc  men  of  mark  in  every  walk  of  life.  The  law  is  represented 
by  judges  of  national  fame.  Commerce  has  made  many  depu- 
ties rich,  and  they  have  consecrated  wealth  to  the  service  of 
God  and  the  help  of  men.  There  are  also  in  the  House,  men 
who  are  not  rich,  but  they  are  devout  and  wise,  and  know 
what  Israel  ought  to  do.     They  are  held  in  high  honor. 

So  the  General  Convention  is  a  body  of  men,  who  by  char- 
acter, by  attainment,  and  by  service,  command  the  attention 
of  men  of  intelligence  all  over  the  United  States,  and  even  in 
lands  beyond  the  seas. 

In  looking  over  the  photographs,  the  reader  will  not  find 
some  men  he  would  gladly  see;  the  explanation  is,  many  of  the 
Bishops  and  Deputies  were  not  willing  so  to  appear,  much  to 
my   regret. 

Presiding  Officers  and  Secretaries  of  the  House  of 
Deputies  since  1785. 

The  House  of  Deputies  is  over  lOO  years  old,  and  the  fol- 
lowing list  of  its  presiding  officers  and  secretaries  will  be  found 
interesting. 

presidents. 


1785— Bishop  White. 
1786— Rev.  David  Griffith. 
1789— Bishop  White. 
1792 — Bishop  Seabiirv. 
1795— Rev.  Dr.  Wni.  Smith. 
1799— Rev.  Dr.  Wm.  Smith. 
1801— Rev.  Dr.  A.  Beach. 
1804— Rev.  Dr.  A.  Beach. 
180S— Rev.  Dr.  A.  Beach. 
1811— Rev.  Dr.  Isaac  Wilkins. 
1814— Rev.  Dr.  John  Cross. 
1817— Rev.  Dr.  Isaac  Wilkins. 
1820— Rev.  Dr.  W.  H.  Wihner. 
1821— Rev.  Dr.  W.  H.  Wilmer. 
1823— Rev.  Dr.  W.  H.  Wihner. 
1826— Rev.  Dr.  W.  H.  Wiimcr. 
1829— Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  Wvatt. 
1832— Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  Wyatt. 
1835— Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  Wvatt. 
1838— Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  WVatt. 


1841— Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  Wyatt. 
1844— Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  Wyatt. 
1847— Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  Wyatt. 
1850- Rev.  Dr.  W.  E.  Wyatt. 
1853— Rev.  Dr.  W.  Creighton. 
1856— Rev.  Dr.  W.  Creighton. 
1859— Rev.  Dr.  W.  Creighton. 
1862— Rev.  Dr.  James  Craik. 
1865 — Rev.  Dr.  James  Craik. 
1868— Rev.  Dr.  James  Craik. 
1871- Rev.  Dr.  James  Craik. 
1874 — Rev.  Dr.  James  Craik. 
1877— Rev.  Dr.  Alex  Burgess. 
1880- Rev.  Dr.  E.  E.  Beardslev. 
1883— Rev.  Dr.  E.  E.  Beardslev. 
1886— Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix. 
1889- Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix. 
1892— Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix. 
1895— Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix. 


Rev.  Morgan  Dix,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 


512 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


SECRETARIES. 


1785— Rev.  David  Griffith. 
1786 — Hon.  Francis  Hopkinson. 
1789 — Hon.  Francis  Hopkinson. 
1792— Rev.  John  Bisset. 
1795 — Rev.  James  Abercrombie. 
1799 — Rev.  James  Abercrombie. 
1801— Rev.  Ashbel  Baldwin. 
1804— Rev.  Dr.  John  H.  Hobart. 
ISOS— Rev.  Dr.  John  H.  Hobart. 
1811— Rev.  Dr.  Ashbel  Baldwin. 
1814— Rev.  Dr.  Ashbel  Baldwin. 
1817— Rev.  Dr.  Ashbel  Baldwin. 
1820— Rev.  Dr.  Ashbel  Baldwin. 
1821— Rev.  Dr.  Ashbel  Baldwin. 
1823— Rev.  Dr.  W.  H.  De  Lancey. 
1826— Rev.  Dr.  B.  T.  Ouderdouk. 
1829— Rev.  Dr.  B.  T.  Ouderdouk. 
1832— Rev.  Dr.  Henry  Anthon. 
1835— Rev.  Dr.  Henry  Anthon. 
1838— Rev.  Dr.  Henry  Anthon. 


1841— Rev.  Dr.  W.  C.  Mead. 
1844— Rev.  Dr.  W.  C.  Mead. 
1847— Rev.  Dr.  W.  C.  Mead. 
1850— Rev.  Dr.  M.  A.  DeW.  Howe. 
1853— Rev.  Dr.  M.  A.  DeW.  Howe. 
1856— Rev.  Dr.  M.  A.  DeW.  Howe. 
1859— Rev.  Dr.  M.  A.  DeW.  Howe. 
1862— Rev.  Dr.  G.  M.  Randall. 
1865— Rev.  Dr.  G.  M.  Randall. 
1868— Rev.  Dr.  W.  S.  Perry. 
1871— Rev.  Dr.  W.  S.  Perry. 
1874— Rev.  Dr.  W.  S.  Perry. 
1877— Rev.  Chas.  L.  Hutchins. 
1880— Rev.  Chas.  L.  Hutchins. 
1883— Rev.  Chas.  L.  Hutchins. 
1886— Rev.  Chas.  L.  Hutchins. 
1889— Rev.  Chas.  L.  Hutchins. 
1892— Rev.  Chas.  L.  Hutchins. 
1895— Rev.  Chas.  L.  Hutchins. 


The  General  Convention  sits  in  two  Houses.  The  House  of 
Bishops  has  a  President,  a  Chairman  and  Secretaries.  The 
Presiding  Bishop  of  the  Church  presides  when  present;  in  his 
absence  the  Bishop  present  who  has  been  longest  in  the  Epis- 
copate, presides.  The  Chairman  is  elected.  The  present  Pre- 
siding Bishop  is  — 

RT.    REV.    JOHN    \VILLIAMS,    D.    D.,    LL.    D. 

Bishop  Williams  lives  at  Middletown,  in  the  state  of  Con- 
necticut ;  is  rich  in  all  that  makes  age  honorable  and  revered. 
He  has  been  Bishop  since  1851,  and  is  one  of  the  most  cultured 
men  the  American  Church  ever  had  in  the  noble  names  of  her 
episcopate.  It  was  a  matter  of  deep  regret  that  he  was  not 
able  to  come  to  Minneapolis  to  the  Convention.  His  fame  as 
a  man  of  letters  and  as  a  preacher  of  great  power,  the  strength 
of  the  Diocese  over  which  he  has  presided  so  long  and  with 
such  conspicuous  ability  and  success,  are  all  known  in  the  West. 
The  presence  of  the  Presiding  Bishop  of  the  Church  was  looked 
forward  to,  with  that  of  the  late  Bishop  Brooks,  with  antici- 
pations of  delight.  One  could  not  take  so  long  a  journey,  the 
other  had  gone  to  his  reward. 

REV.    HENRY    BENJAMIN    WHIPPLE,    D.  D.,  LL.  D., 

Bishop  Whipple,  being  the  senior  Bishop  present,  became 
President  of  the  House  of  Bishops.  He  is  known  wherever 
American  Churchmanship  is  known  as  the  first  Diocesan  of 
Minnesota.  Before  his  election,  Bishop  Kemper  had  been  in 
charge  as  Missionary  Bishop.     When,  in   1859,  Bishop  Whipple 


Rt.   Rev.  John  Williams,   D.   D.,   LL.   D. 


514 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


was  consecrated,  Minnesota  was  far  West,  and  it  was  surrounded 
with  an  air  of  intense  interest.  Since  that  day,  he  has  stamped 
his  impress  in  such  a  way  upon  the  Churchmanship  of  his 
Diocese,  that  it  can  never  be  blotted  out  Strong  in  faith, 
earnest  in  service,  a  heart  full  of  love  for  Christ,  an  experience 
deepened  and  sanctified  by  personal  suffering,  a  power  of  pathetic 
expression  such  as  very  few,  if  any  man,  in  the  Church  in 
America  ever  had, —  tall  and  thin,  with  flowing  locks  and  pale 
face, — he  is  one  of  the  most  picturesque  and  strong  personalities 
in  all  the  land.  The  Indian  has  found  in  him  an  apostle  of 
Christ  and  a  constant  friend.  The  Bishop's  photograph  is  on 
the  first  page  of  this  book. 

BISHOP    WILLIAM    CKOSWELL    DOANE,    S.    T.    D.,    LL.    D. 

Bishop  Doane  was  chosen  Chairman  of  the  House  of  Bishops 
at  Minneapolis,  in  succession  to  Bishop  Neely,  D.  D.,  of  Maine, 
whose  term  of  service  had  seen  the  full  limit  (the  law  is,  no 
Bishop  may  be  Chairman  more  than  six  years).  Wm.  Croswell 
Doane  has  had  ample  opportunity  of  knowing  what  a  Bishop's 
duties  are,  and  he  has  shown  that  he  has  learned  his  lessons 
well  ;  his  father  was  Bishop  of  New  Jersey.  He  is  a  most  ac- 
complished parliamentarian,  a  liturgical  scholar,  and  one  of  the 
great  preachers  of  America.  Such  is  the  man  the  Bishops 
delighted  to  honor. 

THE    REV.    SAMUEL    HART.    D.    D., 

Is  Secretary  of  the  House  of 
Bishops  and  Professor  in  Trinity 
College,  Hartford,  Conn.,  and 
Custodian  of  theStandard  Book 
of  Common  Prayer.  At  Min- 
neapolis, Dr.  Hart  made  many 
friends  by  his  genial  manner  and 
willingness  to  assist  in  ev^ery 
way  in  making  the  work  of  the 
Convention  easy  and  pleasant. 
In  the  office  of  Secretary  of  the 
House  of  Bishops  he  is  called 
upon  frequently  to  exercise  very 
nice  and  wise  judgment;  in  his 
office  of  Custodian  of  the  Stand- 
ard Prayer  Book,  he  is  doing  a 
work  which  future  historians  of 
the  Church  will  acknowledge 
with  frankness  and  gratitude. 
At  the  Convention  of  1895,  ^i' 
Hart  added  to  his  fame  as  Sec- 
retary of  one  of  the  most  exact- 
ing assemblies  on  this  continent. 

Rev.  Samuel  Hart,  D.  D. 


Rt.  Ret.  William  Croswell  Doane,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 


5l6  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION, 

REV.    GEO.    F.    NELSON, 

First  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  House  of  Bishops.  Registrar 
of  the  Diocese  of  New  York,  and  Superintendent  of  City  Mis- 
sions of  New  York,  is  well  known  in  all  the  Eastern  states  for 
diligent,  capable  work,  and  his  fidelity  to  every  trust  placed  in 
his  hands. 

REV.    ANDREW    D.    STOWE. 

Mr.  Stowe  is  Secretary  of  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota,  and 
Rector  of  Ascension  Church,  Stillwater.  He  was  long  connected 
with  the  missionary  work  of  the  Diocese  before  he  went  to  the 
rectorate  he  now  fills.  He  is  known  for  his  integrity,  and  ability 
as  Secretary.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  secretarial  work  of 
the  House  of  Bishops  was  placed  in  able  hands  when  it  was 
given  to  him. 

REV.    MORGAN    DIX,    D.    D.,    D.    C.    L. 

Dr.  Dix  is  a  son  of  Governor  Dix,  of  New  York;  is  Chairman 
of  the  House  of  Deputies,  and  Rector  of  Trinity  Parish,  New 
York,  one  of  the  most  notable  Parishes  in  America,  for  its 
magnificent  work  in  the  cause  of  all  that  is  good  and  aggressive. 
Doctor  Dix  has  had  all  the  advantages  that  wealth,  station, 
training,  and  education  can  give  ;  he  is  a  scholar,  a  thinker,  a 
reasoner,  and  a  great  preacher,  who  in  all  his  services,  strives 
to  inform  the  mind,  move  the  heart,  and  elevate  and  purify 
conduct,  to  intensify  the  devotion  of  the  devout,  and  exalt 
Jesus  Christ  as  the  Son  of  God  and  Saviour  of  men.  I  shall 
never  forget  a  sermon  I  heard  him  preach  in  St.  George's 
Church,  New  York,  on  "Oh  ye  of  little  faith  wherefore  did 
you  doubt."  He  is  a  logician,  calm  and  strong,  when  in  the 
Chair  of  the  House  of  Deputies ;  he  is  ever  and  always  un- 
moved, as  a  sphinx,  and  absolutely  impartial  in  all  his  rul- 
ings. Men  of  all  grades  of  Churchmanship  love  and  respect 
Dr.  Dix,  not  alone  for  these  qualities,  but  also  for  the  intense- 
ly spiritual  nature  of  the  man.  He  is  deeply  and  in  every 
fiber  of  his  being  religious,  and  his  religion  has  such  an  ethical 
basis  that  he  is  amongst  the  most  honorable  of  men. 

REV.    CHARLES    L.    HUTCHINS,    D.    D. 

Born  in  Concord,  New  Hampshire,  on  his  father's  side  a 
lineal  decendant  of  Col.  Gordon  Hutchins,  who  was  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  and  afterwards  served  with  dis- 
tinction through  the  Revolutionary  War.  On  his  mother's  side 
a  lineal  descendant  of  Rev.  Dr.  John  Barnard,  whose  ministry, 
with  that  of  his  son  who  succeeded  him,  in  the  town  of  Andover, 
Mass.,  extended  over  a  period  of  more  than  seventy-five  years. 
The  late  Bishop  Brooks  was  also  a  lineal  descendant  of  the  same 
family.       Mr.  Hutchins  was  fitted  for  college  at  Menden,  N.  H., 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


517 


and  Andover,  Mass.,  and  graduated  with  honors  from  Williams 
College  in  1861.  The  year  following  his  college  course  was 
spent  in  a  voyage  round  the  world.  His  theological  studies 
were  at  the  General  Seminary  from  which  he  graduated  in 
1865.  He  was  ordered  Deacon  by  Bishop  Chase,  of  New 
Hampshire,  in  July,  1865.  and  priest  by  the  same  Bishop  in 
October  of  that  year.  His  diaconate  was  spent  at  the  Church 
of  the  Holy  Communion,  New  York,  and  in  October,  1865,  he 
became  the  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  Lowell,  where  he 
remained  until   1869,  when  he  became  assistant   minister   at    St. 


Rev.  Charles  L.  Hutchins,  D.  D. 


Rev.  Henry  Anstice  D.  D. 


Paul's  Church,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  He  resigned  that  position  in  the 
opening  of  1S72  and  accepted  the  Rectorship  of  Grace  Church, 
Medford.  In  1880  he  was  elected  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church. 
Buffalo,  but  declined.  On  account  of  the  duties  of  his  office 
of  Secretary  he  resigned  his  Rectorship  at  Medford  in  1890,  and 
removed  to  Concord,  Mass.,  where  he  now  resides.  Mr.  Hutch- 
ins was  appointed  Third  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  House  of 
Deputies  at  the  Convention  of  1871  and  also  1874,  and  at  the 
Convention  of  1877  he  was  elected  Secretary,  to  which  office  he 
has  been  chosen  at  every  succeeding  Convention.  He  is  widely 
known  in  the  Hymnological  and  musical  world,  through  the 
Hymnal  and  other  i)ublications  he  has  edited.      At  the  request 


5l8  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

of  the  Committee  on  the  Hymnal  at  the  Convention  of  1871, 
he  edited  the  Hymnal  adopted  by  that  Convention.  His  Church 
Hymnal  with  music  is  almost  exclusively  used  in  the  Church; 
his  Sunday  School  Hymnal  has  been  adopted  more  widely  than 
any  other  similar  publication,  and  the  "Parish  Choir,"  of  which 
he  is  editor,  enjoys  the  unique  distinction  of  being  the  only 
musical  weekly  in  the  world  devoted  solely  to  Church  music. 
Dr.  Hutchins  is  one  of  the  most  methodical  of  men,  and  a 
model  Secretary. 

REV.    HENRY   ANSTICE,    D.    D. 

The  Rev.  Doctor  Anstice  is  First  Assistant  Secretary  in  the 
House  of  Deputies,  and  is  by  both  gift  and  experience,  well 
qualified  for  the  varied  duties  of  that  important  office.  Like 
all  the  men  who*  attain  to  such  distinction  as  is  conferred  by 
office  in  the  Legislative  Assemblies,  he  has  had  a  remarkable 
career.  St.  Luke's  Parish,  of  which  he  is  Rector  in  Rochester, 
N.  Y.,  is  well  known  for  its  works  which  he  has  led,  in  all  the 
many  years  of  his  Rectorate. 

REV.    EDWARD    W.    WORTHINGTON, 

The  Second  Assistant  Secretary,  is  the  Rector  of  Grace  Church, 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  and  is  one  of  the  best  known  and  most  highly 
respected  men  in  the  Diocese,  being  its  Secretary,  and  also  the 
Secretary  of  the  Standing  Committee.  He  has  had  large  and 
varied  experience  in  secretarial  work. 

REV.    CARROLL    M.    DAVIS. 

The  Rev.  Carroll  M.  Davis  is  Dean  of  Christ  Church  Ca- 
thedral, St.  Louis,  Mo.,  a  place  of  great  importance,  which  he 
fills  with  ability  and  zeal.  He  was  chosen  as  Assistant  Secretary 
because  of  his  special  fitness  for  the  duties  of  the  office.  Re- 
sults have  proved  the  wisdom  of  the  appointment. 

REV.    WILLIAM    C.    PROUT, 

The  Fourth  Assistant,  is  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Herkimer,  in 
the  Diocese  of  Albany,  and  Secretary  of  the  Diocese,  so  that  he 
too  is  experienced  in  the  ways  of  procedure  in  Councils  and 
Conventions,  a  knowledge  invaluable  in  men  who  have  to  keep 
records  of  the  business  of  the  General  Convention  of  the  Church. 
To  all  these  qualifications,  each  and  every  one  of  the  Secretaries 
have  those  Vv'hich  go  far  to  make  hard  work  light;  they  are 
gentlemen  in  all  the  best  meaning  of  that  word. 

MR.  ROBERT  BUCHANAN  WINTHROP. 

Mr.  Winthrop  lives  in  New  York,  is  a  layman  whom  the 
Church  delights  to  honor,  and  he  is  Treasurer  of  the  General 
Convention. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


519 


The  Diocese  of  Alabama. 

Bishop  Richard  Hooker  Wilmer,  D.  D..  D.  C.  L.,  LL.  D.,  was 
consecrated  in  1862,  and  has  been  in  labors  abundant.  He  is 
one  of  the  most  fearless  of  men;  no  civil  power  can  awe  him, 
and  no  promised  popularity  seduce  him  from  the  path  he 
deems  to  be  that  of  9uty,  He  is  in  himself  a  noble  exponent 
of  the  very  best  culture  and  sentiment  of  the  South.  I  read 
when  it  was  published,  his  book  on  the  "  Recent  Past  from  a 
Southern  Standpoint."  No  man  of  sense,  whether  he  agrees 
with  or  differs  from  the  Bishop    can  fail  to  enjoy   the   literary 


Rev.  Walter  C.  Whitaker.  j.  h.  Fitts. 

excellence  of  the  book,  or  to  acknowledge  its  manly  honesty. 
In  Alabama,  both  as  citizen,  neighbor,  and  Bishop,  his  name 
will  abide  long  on  the  list  of  honor,  devotion,  knowledge,  work 
and  kindness.     Love  marks  all  the  years  of  his  long  service. 

In  1 89 1  the  Rev.  Henry  Melville  Jackson,  D.  D.,  was  con- 
secrated assistant;  he  is  now  Coadjutor  Bishop.  He  is  an 
eloquent  preacher,  and  a  zealous  worker,  whose  past  has  been 
distinguished  by  progressive  and  successful  labor,  and  whose 
present  gives  promise  of  great  usefulness. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Clerical  Deputies:  Rev.  R.  W.  Barnwell,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Selma;  Rev.  E.  W.  Spalding,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  John's 


520  HISTORY    OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Church,  New  Decatur;  Rev.  VV.  D.  Powers,  D.  D.,  St.  John's 
Church,  Montgomery,  and  Rev.  W.  C.  Whitaker,  Rector  of  Christ 
Church,  Tuscaloosa. 

Lay  Deputies:  Messrs.  J.  F.  Johnson,  R.  M.  Nelson,  H.  T. 
Toulmin,  and  J.  H.  Fitts,  who  is  Treasurer  of  the  Bishops'  Fund 
and  one  of  the  best  known  laymen  in  the  Diocese. 

Alabama  has  37  Clergy,  82  Parishes  and  Missions,  38  lay 
readers,  about  6,600  communicants,  and  raises  about  $112,000  a 
year  for  Church   work. 

The  Diocese  of  Albany 

Is  presided  over  by  Bishop  Doane,  whose  photograph  is  on 
page  515.  It  has  a  cathedral,  which  is  renowned  for  beauty  all 
over  the  continent,  a  school  for  the  higher  education  of  girls, 
a  child's  hospital,  St.  Margaret's  House,  under  the  care  of  the 
Diocesan  Sisterhood,  House  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  Orphan 
House  of  the  Holy  Saviour,  a  Church  home  for  aged  women, 
and  many  other  organizations  for  the  practical  help  of  the  sor- 
rowful, sick  and  poor;  136  Clergy,  207  Parishes  and  Missions, 
31  candidates  for  Holy  Orders,  20,449  communicants.  This  is 
the  constituency  which  was  sent  to  represent  it  in  the  Con- 
vention : 

Rev.  W.  W.  Battershall,  D.  D.,  the  popular  Rector  of  St. 
Peter's,  the  mother  church  in  Albany,  where  the  famous  Horatio 
Potter  ministered.  Dr.  Battershall  is  in  his  very  prime,  and  is 
able  to  speak  for  his  Diocese  wisely  and  well.  In  Albany  he 
fills  a  large  space  as  a  preacher,  and  as  a  man  no  citizen  is 
more  highly   respected. 

Rev.  J.  D.  Morrison,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  John's 
Church,  Ogdensburgh  ;  is  Archdeacon  and  Examining  Chaplain. 
He  is  a  subtle  thinker,  and  is  a  profound  Greek  scholar,  who 
has  unfailing  faith  in  Christianity ;  a  strong  preacher,  and  in 
works  abundant. 

Rev.  Dean  J.  Carey,  S.  T.  D.,  is  Rector  of  Bethesda  Church, 
Saratoga  Springs,  where  he  has  served  over  a  quarter  of  a  cen- 
tury, and  is  more  popular  to-day  than  he  ever  was.  He  is  an 
Examining  Chaplain,  also  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees 
of  the  General  Theological  Seminary.  The  Dean  is  a  graduate 
of  Annandale.  That  he  is  an  able  speaker  and  administrator 
docs  not  need  to  be  said  when  the  above  facts  in  his  history 
are  told. 

Rev.  C.  C.  Edmunds,  Jr.,  is  the  son  of  a  Clergyman,  and  pos- 
sesses a  level  head,  a  loving  heart,  a  firm  hand,  and  is  fit  to 
fill  a  place  in  a  deputation  of  "wise  men  from  the  East." 

The  lay  delegation  is  one  of  power.  At  its  head  is  Judge 
Earl,  who  as  Judge  in  the  New  York  State  Court  of  Appeals 
commanded    profound    respect,    alike    for   his    large    knowledge 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


521 


and  for  his  sterling  integrity.  He  is  a  man  not  given  to  over 
much  talk,  but  all  his  words  are  seasoned  with  wisdom.  He 
has  given  a  public  library  to  the  town  of  Herkimer;  he  has 
been  upon  many  of  the  learned  committees  of  the  General 
Convention,  where  he  has  done  service  and  taken  the  place 
such  a  man  must  fill.  There  are  no  great  works  for  the  bless- 
ing of  men  and  the  upbuilding  of  the  Church  undertaken  in  his 
Diocese  by  Bishop  Doane  which  have  not  had  the  sympathy 
and  help  of  Judge  Earl. 


Rev.  Joseph  Carey,  S.  T.  D. 


Hon.  Spencer  Trask. 


Hon.  Leslie  Pell -Clark  is  a  Churchman  who  has  alike  the 
leisure,  and  the  ability,  financial,  mental,  and  above  all  spiritual, 
to  give  to  good  works,  in  which  he  never  tires.  This  with  his 
large  knowledge  of  Church  affairs  makes  him  exceptional!}'  well 
fitted  to  represent  all  the  interests  in  the  Diocese  of  Albany  in 
the  General  Convention  of  the  Church  of  America.  He  gave 
most  painstaking  care  to  all  the  details  of  Convention  work. 

Hon.  Spencer  Trask  is  one  of  America's  bankers  who  is  not 
ashamed  to  have  it  known  that  he  is  a  religious  man;  he  is 
Treasurer  for  the  fund  raised  in  the  United  States  for  the  suf- 
ferers in  Armenia,  by  the  outrageous  conduct  of  the  Turks.  He 
is  ever  ready  not  only  to  take  the  honors  which  come  of  having 
a  seat  in  the  General    Convention,    but    to    do    the    duty   which 


522 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


comes  of  being  a  communicant  of  the  Church;  long  disinterested 
service  has  made  his  name  go  far  outside  the  Diocese  of  Albany. 
Mr.  Selden  E.  Marvin  made  up  the  deputation.  The  fact  that 
he  had  been  chosen  to  such  a  responsible  place  as  a  law  maker 
for  the  Church,  proves  that  those  who  know  him  best  are  sure 
he  is  capable  of  filling  the  highest  places  of  trust  which  can  be 
given  to  any  layman  in  the  Church,  and  this  is  glory  sufificient 
for  any  man. 

Diocese  of  Arkansas. 

Rt.  Rev.  Henry  N.  Pierce, 
D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  Bishop  of 
Arkansas.  He  is  a  poet  of  con- 
siderable ability  and  a  man  with 
a  record  for  zeal  in  missionary 
work  before  he  was  a  Bishop. 
He  has  a  very  difficult  field  in 
which  to  work,  but  he  has  been 
blessed  in  it.  The  Diocese  has 
17  clergy,  32  parishes  and  mis- 
sions, 2,400  communicants. 

The  clerical  delegates  were 
Rev.  C.  H.  Lockwood,  who  by 
reason  of  illness  could  not  at- 
tend the  Con\'ention;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  of 
1892,  is  President  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  of  Arkansas,  is 
is  Dean  of  Convocation,  and 
Chaplain  of  the  State  Guards. 

Rev.  Wm.  J.  Miller,  A.  M., 
B.  D.,  was  educated  at  Racine, 
under  the  great  D'Koven  ;  he 
graduated  at  Neshotah.  He 
has  been  Rector  of  St.  Luke's 
Church,   Hot  Springs,  twelve  years. 

The  Rev.  James  J.  Vaulx,  B.  D.,  was  educated  at  Nashotah. 
He  founded  the  Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  Memphis, 
Tennessee.  He  moved  to  Texas,  thence  to  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Fayetteville,  Arkansas,  where  he  has  been  Rector  nineteen  years, 
and  has  shared  in  all  the  responsibilities  the  Church  had  to 
give. 

The  Rev.  J.  VV.  Keeble  is  Rector  at  Batesville.  He  is  an 
old-fashioned  evangelical  Churchman  of  the  best  type,  a  Vir- 
ginian. He  was  member  of  the  General  Convention  for  the  first 
time  in  1895;  was  guest  of  Mr.  B.  W.  Rand,  while  in  Minne- 
apolis, and  read  service  every  Sunday  at  St.  Andrews  Church, 
where  by  his  devotion  he  made  many  friends. 


Rev.  Charles  H.  Lockwood. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


523 


Mr.  P.  K.  Roots  was  head  of  the  lay  delegation.  He  has 
been  over  twenty  years  in  the  banking  business  ;  has  been  a 
member  and  Secretary  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese 
many  years,  and  Trustee  of  the  Episcopate  Fund. 

Mr.  John  P.  Horner  is  a  lawyer,  Vice-President  and  Manager 
of  the  Arkansas  Midland  Ry.,  and  Warden  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Helena.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee,  and  a 
member  of  the  Diocesan  Board  of  Missions,  in  which  he  is 
deeply  interested. 


Jp- 

'\ 

y^~ 

4  , 

,     % 

Rev.  Wm.  James  Miller. 


P.  K.  Roots. 


Mr.  Joseph  A.  Reeves,  since  1862,  has  been  a  successful 
merchant  in  Camden,  Arkansas.  He  has  served  on  the  vestry 
of  St.  John's  Church,  Camden,  for  many  years,  and  is  also  a 
member  of  the  Board  of    Managers  for  the  Diocesan  Missions. 


The  Diocese  of  California. 

Amongst  the  younger  generation  of  Bishops,  the  Rev.  Wm. 
Ford  Nichols  has  a  prominent  place.  He  is  a  college  man, 
having  graduated  at  Trinity,  Hartford.  His  theological  educa- 
tion was  received  under  the  care  of  Bishop  Williams,  whose 
secretary  he  for  some  time  was,  and  whose  warm  friendship  he 
yet  enjoys.  As  Rector  of  St.  James'  Church,  Philadelphia,  he 
did  noble  service,  and    on   the  coast    he  is  in  the  Lord's  hand, 


Rt.  Rev.  William  Ford  Nichols.  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


525 


being  greatly  blessed.     The  Church  has  grave  problems  to  solve 
in  California,  and  it  is  solving  them  bravely,  one  by  one. 

CLERICAL    AND    r,AY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Edward  B.  Spalding,  L.  H.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  John's 
Church,  San  Francisco,  member  of  the  Standing  Committee, 
Examining  Chaplain  and  Rector  of  Trinity  School.  He  is  one 
of  the  best  known  clergymen  on  the  Pacific  Coast. 

Rev.  Robert  C.  Foute  is  Rector  of  Grace  Church,  San  Fran- 
cisco, President  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese,  and 
well  represents  all  that  is  best  in  Church  work. 


Rev.  Henry  B.  Restarick. 


The  Rev.  Henry  B.  Restarick  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church, 
San  Diego,  author  of  a  very  useful  book  on  "Layreaders,  their 
Organization  and  Work."  He  is  one  of  the  best  known  men  in 
all  Southern  California. 

The  Rev.  A.  G.  Trew,  D.  D.,  is  a  man  of  wise  judgment  and 
large  knowledge,  joined  with  a  passion  for  Church  work,  which 
has  given  him  a  place  of  honor  in  the  hearts  of  all  who  know 
him.  He  is  Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Epiphany,  Los 
Angeles,  and  one  of  the  Examining  Chaplains  of  the   Diocese. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  Albert  N.  Drown,  who  is  a 
member  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese;  Mr.  \Vm. 
B.  Hooper,  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee;  also  Mr. 
Thomas  L.  Winder,  and  Mr.  J.  Bakewell  Phillips.     There  is  no 


526  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

good  work  in  California  Church  life  which  these  men  do  not 
worthily  represent,  and  in  most  of  the  work  one  or  all  of  them 
have  had  a  share. 

Diocese  of  Central  New  York. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  F.  D.  Huntington,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D.,  L.  H.  D., 
is  a  man  with  a  very  remarkable  history.  He  was  educated  at 
Harvard  University  where  he  became  a  distinguished  professor. 
He  attained  fame  as  a  preacher  before  he  was  confirmed  in  the 
Church,  in  which  he  is  now  Bishop.  He  was  the  founder  and 
first  Rector  of  Emmanuel  Parish,  Boston,  Mass.,  where  he  added 
to  his  usefulness  and  power,  both  as  preacher,  organizer,  and 
worker,  as  well  as  his  reputation  as  an  incisive  writer.  His  works 
are  widely  read  by  people  of  the  highest  culture.  He  is  master 
of  Theological  Science,  and  writes  profoundly  on  philosophical 
questions.  I  well  remember,  some  years  ago,  being  at  the  home 
of  Mrs.  James  Greenleaf,  sister  of  the  poet  Longfellow,  the  talk 
was  on  the  education  of  girls;  she  said:  "Mr.  Wilkinson,  have 
you  read  Bishop  Huntington's  book  on  '  Good  Talking  and 
Good  Manners,'  which  are  really  addresses  given  to  young  ladies 
at  school?  It  is  one  of  the  most  charming  books  I  know,  of  its 
kind"?  I  replied  "I  have  not  had  the  pleasure  of  reading 
it."  She  handed  it  to  me,  inscribed  with  her  name,  as  a  gift 
to  one  of  our  daughters  (now  in  Paradise),  who  read  it  with 
delight  and  treasured  it  with  care.  Such  is  the  power  of  the 
man,  he  can  instruct  the  learned  and  captivate  the  learner.  As 
a  Bishop  he  is  tender,  just  and  devout.  The  Church  in  his 
Diocese  has  greatly  flourished  since  he  was  consecrated  in  April, 
1869.  There  are  117  clergy,  and  145  parishes  and  missions,  97 
lay  readers,  and  172 17  communicants.  The  Diocese  is  engaged 
in  every  activity  known  to  Christian  men. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  C.  T.  Olmsted,  D.  D.,  Rector 
of  Grace  Church,  Utica,  who  was  formerl}'-  one  of  the  clergy  of 
Trinity  Parirh,  New  York  City,  where  he  had  ample  oppor- 
tunity of  seeing  and  sharing  in  all  kinds  of  beneficent  toil.  In 
his  present  work  he  has  made  full  proof  of  his  ministry,  and 
well  represents  the  ideals  of  the  best  high  Churchmanship. 

The  Rev.  John  H.  Egar,  D.  D.,  is  the  Rector  of  Zion  Church, 
Rome,  N.  Y.,  the  church  of  which  Bishop  Whipple  was  seven 
years  Rector  before  he  came  to  Chicago.  Dr.  Egar  has  made  a 
special  study  of  the  Canon  Law,  and  was  a  very  valuable  Deputy, 
taking  a  prominent  part  in  the  debates  on  the  Constitutions 
and  Canons.  Beside  his  attainments  on  this  line,  he  is  regarded 
as  a  strong  preacher.  It  may  be  justly  said,  not  only  that 
Doctor  Egar  is  one  of  the  men  of  long  experience  in  General 
Convention,  but  that  he  is  a  man  of  power  in  it. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


527 


The  Rev.  Rob.  G.  Quennell  is  Dean  of  Convocation,  Rector 
of  Christ  Church,  Binghampton,  and  well  known  far  outside 
the  Diocese  of  Central  New  York  as  possessing  gifts  and  graces 
which  are  valuable  in  any  deliberative  assembly,  and  not  least 
in  Convention. 

The  Rev.  Theodore  Babcock,  D.  D.,  is  Examining  Chaplain, 
a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee,  and  Rector  of  Christ 
Church,  Manlius.  Such  are  the  men  who  spoke  as  Clerical 
Deputies  for  their  Diocese,  and  they  spoke  well. 


Rev.  John  H.  Egar,  D.  D. 


The  Lay  Deputies  were  :  Mr.  Horace  O.  Moss,  Wm.  White, 
.George  C.  McWhorter,  and  Robert  J.  Hubbard,— all  able  men. 
Mr.  KicWhorter  has  had  exceptional  experience;  he  was  a 
member  of  Convention  thirty  years  ago,  and  has  seen  all  the 
marvelous  progress  of  the  Church  from  that  day  to  this.  These 
Deputies  did  not  talk  as  much  as  some  others,  but  they  were 
diligent,  capable  and  able. 

The  Diocese  of  Central  Pennsylvania. 

Rt.  Rev.  Nelson  S.  Rulison,  D.  D.,  was  very  welcome  in 
Minnesota  as  a  friend  of  Bishop  Gilbert  from  the  days  of  his 
youth.  He  was  listened  to  with  delight,  being  a  preacher  of 
considerable  renown.  Central  Pennsylvania,  in  the  eleven  years 
which  have    passed    since    he    was  consecrated  Bishop,  has  had 


Rt.  Rev.  Nelson  S.  Rulison,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  52p 

large  growth.  His  predecessor,  Bishop  Howe,  to  whom  he  was 
assistant  for  some  years,  was  a  remarkable  man,  and  will  be 
long  and  honorably  remembered.  Bishop  Rulison  livxs  at  South 
Bethlehem,  and  it  is  not  saying  too  much  to  affirm  that  the 
great  Lehigh  University  has  in  many  ways  been  strongly  im- 
pressed by  his  influence  and  work.  He  is  enthusiastic  in  all 
the  missionary  and  philanthropic  work  of  the  Church. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Henry  L.  Jones,  S.  T.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Stephen's 
Church,  Wilkesbarre.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee, and  a  man  for  whom  his  Bishop  prophesies  an  illustrious 
future.  Solid  in  his  thinking,  careful  in  his  work,  prudent  in 
all  he  does  and  says,  such  a  man  must  be  exceedingly  useful, 
and  cannot  fail  of  high  reward. 

The  Rev.  James  F.  Powers  is  the  Rector  of  Trinity  Church, 
Pottsville,  the  largest  in  the  Diocese,  and  one  of  the  most 
aggressive  in  all  good  work.  Mr.  Powers  is  known  for  his 
fidelity  to  every  trust.  He  is  Archdeacon  of  Reading,  and  has 
the  love  of  those  who  know  him  best. 

Rev.  Gilbert  H.  Sterling  followed  Bishop  Nelson,  of  Georgia, 
as  Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Nativity,  South  Bethlehem, 
where  he  is  greatly  beloved  as  a  devoted  minister  of  Jesus 
Christ.      He  is  a  man  comparatively  young  and  of  great  promise. 

Rev.  Leroy  F.  Baker  is  Examining  Chaplain,  a  scholarly 
man,  and  thoughtful  and  consecrated  to  his   work. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were :  Mr.  Rodney  A.  Mercur,  Hugh 
M.  North,  Wm.  R.  Butler,  and  Mr.  A.  D.  Holland  ;  each  and 
every  one  a  man  of  mark  in  the  Church  life  of  the  Diocese. 

The  Diocese  of  Chicago. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  Edward  McLaren,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  Bishop 
of  the  Diocese  of  Chicago,  at  the  Church  Club  in  St.  Paul,  a 
year  or  two  ago,  made  a  profound  impression  by  a  speech 
which  many  who  heard  it,  and  the  writer  is  one,  have  not  for- 
gotten to  this  day.  That  speech  gave  indication  of  all  the 
powers  which  have  made  the  Bishop  so  famous  ;  it  was  devout, 
Catholic,  and  hence  comprehensive,  massive,  warm  and  clear  as 
a  diamond  in  the  glistening  sunlight.  It  is  not  hard  for  Min- 
nesota Churchmen  to  believe  it  when  they  are  told,  "  Bishop 
McLaren  is  one  of  the  men  the  House  of  Bishops  always  listens 
to  with  close  attention."  He  is  a  man  of  letters.  It  is  a  signi- 
ficant fact  every  one  comes  upon  who  has  to  study  the  life 
work  of  men  of  mighty  influence  in  the  highest  realms,  that  to 
devotion  they  have  added  large  knowledge.  But  the  Bishop  is 
also  a  man  of  affairs.     Called  to  the  highest  office  in  the  Church 


Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  Edward  McLaren,  D,  D.,  D.  C.  L. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  53 1 

in  a  city  the  like  of  which  cannot  be  found  in  all  history,  he 
has  laid  wide  and  deep  foundations  which  will  be  built  upon  as 
long  as  the  city  stands.  This  is  not  the  place  to  write  about  all 
he  and  the  noble  men  and  women  who  have  gathered  round  him 
have,  by  the  grace  of  God,  done  for  the  poor,  for  educational 
and  religious  institutions,  for  missionary  service  and  the  up- 
building of  the  Church.  All  well  read  Churchmen  know  much 
about  them,  and  future  generations  will  read  of  them  with  sur- 
prised delight  and  gratitude  to  God  that  He  gave  such  gifts 
to  men.       The  Bishop  is  a  preacher  of  renown.  • 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  VVm.  J.  Gold,  D.  D.,  is  Dean  of  the  Western  Theological 
Seminary,  and  is  regarded  as  a  man  of  very  great  attainments, 
in  Church  History,  in  mental  and  moral  philosophy,  as  well  as 
in  liturgical  studies,  and  Canon  law. 

The  Rev.  Jas.  S.  Stone,  D.  D.,  is  a  man  whose  renown  is  as  wide 
as  the  American  Church;  in  at  least  one  respect  he  is,  a  great 
many  think,  the  greatest  teacher  of  Sunday  School  teachers.  In 
the  Church  where  he  was  Rector,  in  Philadelphia,  once  every 
week  he  had  a  meeting  of  the  Sunday  School  teachers,  and 
went  over  the  lesson  for  the  next  Sunday's  instruction  in  School. 
These  meetings  were  always  largely  attended,  and  proved  very 
useful  indeed.  As  a  writer  on  all  subjects  connected  with 
Sunday  School  work,  the  name  of  Rev.  James  S.  Stone  needs 
no  commendation  at  my  hand.  He  has  had  a  remarkably  suc- 
cessful career  as  Rector,  and  is  generally  looked  upon  as  a 
preacher  of  much  power.  He  is  the  Rector  of  St.  James'  Church, 
Chicago,  the  Parish  of  which  the  late  Bishop  Clarkson  was 
once  Rector. 

The  Rev.  Clinton  Locke,  D.  D.,  is  Dean  of  the  N.  E.  Deanery 
of  Chicago.  His  name  will  always  stand  as  that  of  the  great 
Rector  of  Grace  Church.  Here  he  spent  his  energies  for  more 
than  a  quarter  of  a  century,  and  made  his  name  a  household 
word.  His  connection  with  St.  Luke's  Hospital  alone  is  enough 
to  make  any  man  famous.  Dr.  Locke  is  a  royal  soul.  His  read- 
ing and  travel  have  been  wide,  his  sympathies  are  wider.  His 
knowledge  of  English  is  such  as  to  make  it  a  perfect  instrument 
for  the  transmission  of  his  thought,  and  his  level  headed  com- 
mon sense  is  known  far  and  wide. 

The  Rev.  John  H.  Edwards  is  a  young  man  in  the  legislative 
work  of  the  Church.  What  those  think  of  him  who  elected 
him  to  sit  in  the  Convention  with  men  like  Doctors  Locke, 
Stone,  and  Gold,  is  evident. 

The  four  Laymen  from  Chicago  are  Deputies  with  established 
reputation.  The  activities  of  Mr.  David  B.  Lyman  are  and  have 
been  long  known.       Mr.  Arthur    Ryerson    is    a    member   of   the 


532 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


Board  of  Missions  of  the  whole  Church,  and  is  one  of  the  most 
active  laymen  in  the  work  of  Church  extension  in  Chicago.  Mr. 
James  M.  Banks  and  Mr.  Emory  Cobb  are  worthy  colleagues  of 
such    men.       It    is    not    easy    to    see    any    respect    in  which    all 


David  B.  Lyman. 


the  work  of  the  Diocese  of  Chicago  could  have  been  more  ably 
represented  than  it  was. 

The  Diocese  of  Colorado. 

Rt.  Rev.  John  F.  Spalding,  D.  D.,  is  Diocesan.  He  was  con- 
secrated in  1873,  and  went  out  to  his  Western  work  with  a  firm 
trust  in  God,  sure  of  the  Divine  call  to  his  high  office.  He  has 
worked  hard  and  it  is  said,  by  those  who  are  well  acquainted  with 
the  work  of  the  Church  in  Colorado,  that  he  has  made  wise  provi- 
sion for  the  future  of  the  Church  by  securing  property  which  will 
become  more  valuable  year  by  year,  and  some  of  it  very  valu- 
able. The  Bishop  has  always  been  looked  upon  as  an  earnest, 
God  fearing  man,  and  a  hard  worker.  He  has  forty-two  clergy 
now  at  work  with  eighty  parishes  and  missions. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Rev.  John  W.  Ohl  is  Rector  of  the  Church  of  Ascen- 
sion,   Salida.      Rev.    Charles    H.    Marshall    is    a    member  of  the 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  533 

Standing  Committee,  a  member  of  the  faculty  of  St.  Matthew's 
Hall.  The  Rev.  Edward  P.  Newton  is  Rector  of  Holy  Trinity 
Church,  Pueblo,  Secretary  and  Registrar  of  the  Diocese,  Dean 
of  the  Deanery  of  Pueblo.  The  Rev.  F.  W.  Oakes  is  Rector 
of  All  Saints',  Denver.  These  men  are  not  known  to  fame  in 
the  General  Church,  but  it  must  be  remembered  that  they  stand 
not  only  as  the  representatives  of  their  Western  Diocese,  but 
they  do  so  because  they  have  done  work  in  it,  with  such  ac- 
ceptance and  success  as  makes  them,   in  the  judgment  of  their 


Rev.  John  Walles  Ohl. 

brethren,  worthy  representatives  of  that  work  in  the  highest 
legislative  body  in  the  whole  Church.  These  facts  speak  vol' 
umes  for  them  and  for  all  men  in  like  circumstances. 

The  Lay  Deputies  appointed  were:  Mr.  A.  du  Pont  Parker, 
Arnold  A.  Bowhay,  Ralph  Talbot,  Otis  Johnson. 

The  Diocese  of  Connecticut. 

Rt.  Rev.  John  Williams,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  Bishop  of  this  Diocese, 
has  been  referred  to  at  the  beginning  of  these  sketches,  and  his 
photograph  placed  there  (page  513)  because  of  his  eminence  as 
Presiding  Bishop  of  the  Church  in  America.  Connecticut  must 
ever  stand  in  the  annals  of  churchmanship  prominent,  because  it 
had  the  first  Bishop,  the  immortal  Seabury,  as  its  Diocesan.  In 
ecclesiastical  history,  November  14th,  1784,  will  to  all  time  stand 
a  "Red  Letter  Day" — because  that  glorious  man  was  consecra- 
ted Bishop  of  Connecticut,  in  Aberdeen,  Scotland.  There  have 
been  few  events  in  all  the  history  of  this  Republic  in  the  United 
States  of  larger  importance  than  this.      No   Convention  of   the 


534 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


Church  will  ever  meet  when  the  Deputies  from  Connecticut  will 
not  be  the  observed  of  all  observant  men.  In  the  last  Con- 
vention it  is  safe  to  affirm  that  they  well  deserved  the  honor. 
The  Rev.  Edwin  Harwood,  D.  D.,  is  a  veteran  who  has  been 
in  every  Convention  for  more  than  twenty  years.  He  is  known 
as  the  distinguished  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  New  Haven  (in 
many  ways  perhaps  the  most  notable  parish  in  the  Diocese).  He 
is  a  great  authority  on  Canon  law,  and  a  preacher  of  renown.  Rich 
in  years  and  in  honors,  he  has  laid  aside  the  cares  of  the  ac- 
tive rectorate,  but  not  his  deep  interest  in  all  that  concerns  the 


Rev.  Edwin  Harwood,  D.  D. 


Rev.  Oliver  H.  Raftery,  B.  D.,  M.  A. 


kingdom  of  Jesus  Christ.  Dr.  Harwood's  churchmanship  is — 
well,  most  people  would  call  it  broad.  He  is  a  very  deeply  re- 
ligious man,  and  regards  the  grace  of  God  in  the  heart  of  man 
the  end  of  all  forms,  and  more  than  all  ceremonial  observance. 

Rev.  Edwin  S.  Lines  is  looked  upon  as  an  admirable  ad- 
ministrator of  parochial  affairs;  is  a  member  of  the  Standing 
Committee  of  the  Diocese,  and  holds  other  offices  of  trust. 
More  than  once  his  name  has  been  mentioned  in  connection 
with  the  office  of  Bishop.  He  is  a  methodical  man,  consecrated 
to  his  ministerial  work,  which  he  does  with  all  the  energy  of 
his  soul. 

The  Rev.  Oliver  H.  Raftery,  B.  D.,  M.  A.,  is  one  of  the  younger 
generation  of  clergy,  and  hence  has    not    attained    to    the    emi- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


535 


nence  some  men  among  the  fathers  of  the  Convention  have 
gained.  As  Rector  of  Trinity,  Portland,  he  has  done  work  for 
Christ  and  for  men  which  has  given  him  an  honored  name 
amongst  the  Clergy  in  the  Diocese,  work  which  is  promise  and 
prophecy  of  a  career  of  greater  service. 

The  other  member  of  the  Clerical  Deputation  is  the  Rev. 
Charles  E.  Woodcock,  who  is  Rector  in  Ansonia,  of  whom  it 
is  high  praise  to  say  that  the  Churchmen  of  the  glorious  Dio- 
cese of  Connecticut  judge  him  worthy  of  a  place  in  this  Clerical 
Deputation,  and  Churchmen  elsewhere  are  of  the  same  opinion. 
The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Charles  E.  Graves.  The  kind  of 
man  he  is  all  Churchmen  know,  when  it  is  said  he  is  Treasurer 
of  Trinity  College,  and  also  Senior  Warden  of  Trinity  Church, 
New  Haven.  Such  a  man  stands  for  business  integrity,  and 
for  religious  devotion,  for  success  in  the  life  that  now  is,  and 
for  hope  in  the  life  to  come.  Mr.  Graves  belongs  to  an  old 
family  dating  back  to  the  early  days  of  American  history,  and 
it  has  many  of  its  members  in  the  ministry,  and  in  useful  posi- 
tions in  the  Church. 

Mr.  James  J.  Goodwin  is  from  Hartford,  where  he  takes  a 
prominent  part  in  Church  life,  and  in  the  city  he  is  well  known. 
He  dates  his  ancestry  back  to  colonial  times,  and  has  just  reason 
to  be  proud  of  his  forefathers.  He  is  adding  honor  to  the  family 
name.  No  more  genial  or  faithful  Lay  Deputy  was  in  the 
Convention.  I  saw  him  nearly  every  day  and  know  personally 
whereof  I  write. 

Mr.  W.  W.  Skiddy  is  from 
Stamford  and  is  a  prosperous 
manufacturer.  He  is  a  graduate 
of  Yale,  and  is  enthusiastic  in  its 
praise.  He  has  time  for  culture, 
for  a  very  active  religious  life 
and  for  trade.  Such  is  an  ideal 
man  in  many  ways. 

Mr.  Benjamin  Stark  is  best 
known  of  all  the  Laymen  in  the 
Deputation  from  Connecticut. 
He  is  from  New  London,  and  has 
been  long  and  actively  connect- 
ed with  St.  James'  Church,  New 
London,  where  the  dust  of  Bish- 
op Seabury  rests.  Mr.  Stark 
is  a  member  of  the  General 
Board  of  Missions,  and  is  well 
versed  in  all  the  ways  and  do- 
ings of  the  General  Conventions 
of  the  Church,  having  been  a 
member  of  each  and  all  for  more 

William  W.  Skiddy. 


536  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

than  twenty  years.  He  has  had  the  love  and  friendship  of  men 
eminent  for  probity  and  consecration,  as  the  late  John  Shoen- 
berger,  of  Pittsburg,  Governor  Baldwin  of  Michigan,  and  many 
more  who  in  the  General  Conventions  of  the  Church  were  well 
known. 

The  Diocese  of  Delaware. 

Rt.  Rev.  Leighton  Coleman,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  Bishop  of 
Delaware.  The  Bishop  is  a  delightful  man.  His  father  was 
Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Southwalk,  which  has  historic  relation 
to  James  L.  Breck,  the  great  missionary,  and  of  this  fact  Bishop 
Coleman  is  justly  proud.  He  has  a  Seabury  corner  in  his  house 
where  are  many  things  which  had  connection  with  that  celebrated 
prelate.  The  Bishop  lived  eight  years  of  his  life  in  England,  and 
every  one  who  knows  him  is  aware  of  the  profound  impression 
what  is  known  as  the  Oxford  movement  made  upon  his  mind. 
He  was  consecrated  Bishop  in  1889,  since  which  time  he  has  given 
all  diligence  in  the  high  office  of  Bishop,  with  ever  increasing 
acceptance  and  veneration. 

Rev.  T.  Gardiner  Littell,  D.  D.,  was  Rector  of  the  House  of 
Prayer,  near  Philadelphia,  and  built  the  church  ;  Rector  of  Christ 
Church,  Dover,  Delaware,  sixteen  months ;  Rector  of  St.  John's 
Church,  Wilmington,  Delaware,  twenty-six  and  one-half  years  ; 
Deputy  to  the  General  Convention  eight  times  ;  member  of  the 
Delaware  Standing  Committee  several  times ;  Vice-President  of 
the  Delaware  Historical  Society;  President  of  the  Wilmington 
Institute.  Cheerful,  faithful,  wise  and  able,  as  a  man  with  such  a 
history  must  be. 

Rev.  Kensey  John  Hammond,  A.  M.,  was  born  in  Baltimore, 
Maryland.  After  graduating  at  Hampden,  Sidney  College,  and 
studying  at  the  Johns  Hopkins  University,  he  graduated,  in  1882, 
at  the  Theological  Seminary  of  Virginia.  While  in  Deacon's 
Orders  he  was  assistant  at  the  Church  of  the  Ascension  in 
Baltimore.  On  being  advanced  to  the  priesthood,  he  spent  five 
years  in  missionary  work.  In  1888  he  accepted  a  call  to  Im- 
manuel  Church,  Highlands,  Wilmington,  his  present  charge,  and 
of  which  he  is  the  first  Rector.  From  here  he  sat  as  Deputy 
in  the  General  Convention  of  1892,  in  Baltimore,  and  was  re- 
elected to  serve  in   1895. 

The  Rev.  George  C.  Hall  was  born  and  educated  in  Central 
Pennsylvania.  After  a  preparatory  course  in  Mercersburg  Col- 
lege, he  entered  Franklin  and  Marshall  College,  Lancaster, 
Pennsylvania,  from  which  he  graduated  in  1872  with  the  first 
honors  in  a  large  class.  He  took  a  special  course  in  the 
General  Theological  Seminary  in  New  York.  In  1880,  he  was 
advanced  to  the  priesthood,  and  filled  the  Rectorate  of  several 
parishes,  going  from  Christ  Church,  Danville,  Pa.,  to  Grace 
Church,   Honesdale,  Pa.,  where  he  labored  for  eight  years  with 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


537 


marked  success.  He  was  an  Examining  Chaplain,  and  in  addi- 
tion to  his  Parish  duties,  he  also  acceptably  filled  the  office  of 
Archdeacon  of  Scranton,  until  he  received  a  call  to  St.  John's 
Church,  Wilmington,  Del.,  to  which  he  removed  in  February, 
1894.  Since  the  Convention  he  has  been  chosen  Archdeacon  of 
Wilmington,  which  office  he  now  fills. 

Rev.  Hamilton  Bartlett  is  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Christiana 
Hundred,  and  is  one  of  the  representative  men  in  the  ministry  in 
Delaware. 

Mr.  Edward  G.  Bradford  is  a  lawyer  in  Wilmington,  St. 
John's  Parish,  a  member  of  the  last  two  Conventions,  and  a 
prominent  man  in  state  affairs. 


Rev.  Geo.  C.  Hall.  Walter  B.  Reynolds,  M.  D. 

Horace  Burr,  M.  D.,  of  Wilmington,  Trinity  Parish,  has  been 
a  member  of  the  Convention  for  six  sessions,  and  a  member  of 
the  Standing  Committee  for  about  twelve  years. 

Walter  B.  Reynolds,  M.  D.,  is  a  physician  and  medical  ex- 
aminer for  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company.  He  has  been  a 
Deputy  only  once,  to  the  last  General  Convention.  His  Parish  is 
Trinity  Church,  Clayton,  Del.,  of  which  he  is  a  Vestryman  and 
Secretary.  He  has  represented  the  Parish  in  five  Diocesan 
Conventions. 

Mr.  S.  Minot  Curtis  is  no  longer  a  young  man  in  years,  but  he 
is  young  in    spirit   and   alert   in   mind.      He   had  a  seat  in  the 


538 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


S.  MiNOT  Curtis. 


Convention  of  1853,  and  is  the 
only  man  who  had  a  seat  in  it 
who  has  sat  in  every  Conven- 
tion from  then  till  now.  Mr. 
Curtis  remembers  well  what  a 
discussion  there  was  when  Rev. 
Dr.  Seymour,  now  an  honored 
I3ishop,was  elected  to  the  Epis- 
copate. After  the  Deputies 
had  sat  eight  days,  they  decided 
against  him.  How  things  have 
changed  and  improved  since 
then!  Mr.  Curtis  was  present 
in  Philadelphia,  after  the  war, 
when,  to  the  delight  of  Church- 
men, the  Deputies  from  the 
Southern  Dioceses  took  their 
seats  amidst  general  joy.  He 
has  been  a  member  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  thirty  years,  and 
Secretary  of  the  Diocese  thirty- 
four  years.  No  praise  can  adorn 
such  a  record.  Its  native  gran- 
deur is  its  loftiest  eulogy. 


The  Diocese  of  East  Carolina. 

This  is  the  Diocese  in  which  the  accomplished  Alfred  Augustin 
Watson,  D.  D.,  presides.  He  is  one  of  the  men  from  the  South 
who,  with  his  brethren  in  the  Episcopate,  by  their  gentleness  and 
culture,  fervor,  earnestness  and  eloquence,  impressed  and  de- 
lighted Western  men  of  all  classes.  Not  in  very  many  years 
will  Bishop  Watson's  sermon  on  "Jesus  of  Nazareth  Passeth 
By, "  preached  in  St.  Andrew's  Church  the  Sunday  after  the 
Convention,  be  forgotten.  In  the  North,  before  the  Convention, 
we  were  in  danger  of  thinking  knowledge  and  wisdom,  power 
and  eloquence  had  their  home  here.  Men  like  Bishop  Watson 
were  a  revelation  to  many.  During  the  war  he  was  Chaplain, 
and  displayed  such  bravery  on  the  field  that  one  of  the  officers 
is  reported  to  have  said  that  the  Chaplain  ought  to  be  made 
commander.  In  the  Church  he  is  regarded  as  an  authority  on 
ecclesiastical  matters,  and  in  his  new  book  on  the  American 
Episcopate,  Bishop  Perry  writes  of  him  as  "probably  the  most 
accomplished  and  capable  canonist  in  the  Church."  To  all  this 
may  be  added  the  fact  that  he  is  deeply  interested  in  all  the 
aggressive  work  of  the  Church,  in  which  he  has  been  greatly 
blessed. 


Rt.  Rev.  Alfred  Augustin  Watson,  S.  T.  D. 


540 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


CLERICAL   AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Revs.  Nathaniel  Harding,  James  Carmichael,  D.  D.,  Robert 
Drane,  D.  D.,  and  T.  M.   N.  George  are  the  Clerical  Deputies. 

They  are  all  men  of  mark 
locally. 

The  Rev.  James  Carmichael, 
D.  D.,  is  President  of  the  Dio- 
cese, a  member  of  the  Standing 
Committee,  Examining  Chap- 
lain, and  Rector  of  St.  John's 
Church,  Wilmington,  N.C.  The 
Rev.  Nathaniel  Harding  is  Rec- 
tor of  St.  Peter's  Church,  Wash- 
ington, N.  C.  Rev.  Robert 
Drane,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St. 
Paul's  Church,  Edenton,  and 
Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  T. 
M.  N.  George  is  Rector  of 
Christ  Church,  New  Berne. 

The  Lay  Deputies  chosen  to 
represent  the  Diocese  were: 
Messrs.  Wilson  G.  Lamb,  Wil- 
liam L.  De  Rosset,  George  H. 
Roberts  and  John  W.  Atkinson, 
representative  Churchmen,  who 
commanded  the  respect  of  the 
members  of  the  Convention. 

Wilson  G.  Lamb. 

The  Diocese  of  Easton. 

The  Bishop  of  Easton  is  William  Forbes  Adams,  D.  C.  L., 
a  man  who  well  deserves  to  be  spoken  of  with  tender  regard, 
because  of  the  fact  that  he  took  his  life  in  his  hand  when  a 
priest  of  the  Church,  and  went  to  the  assistance  of  the  sufferers 
in  yellow  fever,  and  they  not  dwellers  in  the  Parish  of  which 
he  was  Rector,  He  suffered  long  years  after  from  ills  received 
in  that  godlike  work.  He  was  Missionary  Bishop  in  New 
Mexico  and  Arizona  from  1875  to  1877,  when  he  had  to  resign 
because  his  health  was  too  poor  for  him  to  do  the  work  of  the 
Jurisdiction.  Since  1887  he  has  been  Bishop  of  Easton,  where 
he  labors  with  his  old  time  consecration. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  William  Schouler  was  for  several  years  connected  with 
the  St.  Paul's  School,  Concord,  N.  H.  ;  had  charge  of  a  chapel 
in  Brooklyn,  Diocese  of  Long  Island ;  has  been  Rector  of 
Trinity  Church,  Elkton,  Diocese  of  Easton,  fifteen  years  ;  has 
represented  that  Diocese  in  three  General  Conventions. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL   CONVENTION.  541 

Rev.  W.  Y.  Beaven  received  his  theological  education  at 
Berkeley  Divinity  School,  and  has,  during  his  ministry,  been 
Rector   of   All  Saints'  Church,  Talbot  Co.,  Diocese   of   Easton, 

Rev.  Oliver  H.  Murphy  was  graduated  at  Washington  Col- 
lege, Chestertown,  Md.;  received  his  theological  education  at 
Berkeley  Divinity  School  ;  spent  his  ministry  in  Coventry  Parish, 
Somerset  Co.,  Diocese  of   Easton. 

Rev.  Stephen  C.  Roberts,  D.  D.,  was  Rector  in  North  Caro- 
lina for  several  years ;  spent  eight  years  in  the  Diocese  of 
Virginia,  and  has  been  Rector  of  the  Church  in  Chestertown, 
Diocese  of  Easton,  for  twenty -three  years;  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina ;  received  theological  education 
at  Nashotah,  Wisconsin;  received  the  degree  of  D.  D.  from 
Washington  College. 

Mr.  Edwin  H.  Brown,  of  Centreville,  Diocese  of  Easton,  is 
a  prominent  lawyer  in  Maryland  ;  has  served  as  Delegate  in 
the  Legislature,  and  Treasurer  of  the  State  for  one  term. 

Mr.  John  S.  Wirt,  of  Elkton,  Diocese  of  Easton,  is  a  prom- 
inent lawyer  of  Maryland,  and  has  been  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  and  is  Counsel  for  the  B.  &  O.  Railway. 

Mr.  E.  J.  Derickson  is  a  prominent  physician  in  Berlin, 
Worcester  Co.,  Maryland,  Diocese  of  Easton,  and  an  extensive 
landowner. 

Mr.  William  Goldsborough  is  a  farmer  with  extensive  landed 
estate  in  Talbot  Co.,  Md.,  Diocese  of  Easton. 

The  Diocese  has  33  Clergy,  55  Parishes  and  Missions,  1,914 
families,  and  3,240  communicants. 

The  Diocese  of  Florida. 

Rt.  Rev.  Edwin  G.  Weed,  D.  D.,  like  many  other  members  of 
the  Episcopate  is  a  graduate  of  the  General  Theological  Seminary. 
For  nearly  thirty  years  he  has  been  in  the  Ministry  of  the  Church, 
and  nearly  ten  of  them  in  his  present  position  of  Bishop  of  sunny 
Florida.  In  the  North  he  is  not  as  well  known  as  some  of  the 
eminent  Southern  Churchmen  are.  Bishop  Whipple  in  his  age 
has  to  spend  the  winters  at  Lake  Maitland,  Florida,  and  knows 
Bishop  Weed  and  his  work,  well.  In  a  recent  letter  in  the  New 
York  Churchman,  he  wrote  in  terms  of  high  praise  of  the  work 
done  by  Bishop  Weed.  The  Missionary  Jurisdiction  of  South- 
ern Florida  was  taken  out  of  the  Diocese  of  Florida,  a  large 
fact  to  be  kept  in  mind,  when  taking  into  account  the  Church 
work  of  which  Bishop  Weed  is,  or  has  been.  Diocesan.  In 
quiet,  unassuming,  patient,  and  efficient  work,  helped  by  a  noble. 
God-fearing  Clergy,  and  a  zealous.  God-fearing  Laity,  the  Bishop 
of  Florida  is  building  the  walls  of  Zion  surely  and  well.  He  is 
a  man    of   culture    and    wide  travel. 


542  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  W.  H.  Carter,  D.  D.,  Ph.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  a  native  of  New 
York  State.  He  graduated  from  the  University  of  the  City  of 
New  York  in  1850;  his  theological  education  was  obtained  in 
Virginia  and  in  the  General  Theological  Seminaries,  and  he  served 
in  the  Ministry  in  New  Jersey,  New  York,  and  Indiana.  He 
was  professor  of  Latin  in  the  Vincennes  University.  He  was 
Secretary  of  the  Diocesan  Convention.  The  Doctor  has  been 
a  Deputy  to  four  General  Conventions,  and  has  always  been  an 
enthusiast  in  missionary   work. 

Rev.  V.  W.  Shields,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Jacksonville,  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee,  and  Exam- 
ining Chaplain. 

The  Rev.  Brooke  G.  White  is  Archdeacon  for  colored  work, 
one  of  the  most  important  positions  in  the  Diocese;  he  fills  it 
with  ardor,  discretion,  and  success. 

The  Rev.  Percival  H.  Whaley  is  Rector  of  St.  Cyprian's 
Church,  Pensacola,  Archdeacon  of  the  Western  District,  and 
member  of  the  Standing  Committee. 

The  Lay  Deputation  is  headed  by  Major  George  R.  Fair- 
banks, M.  A.,  a  brother  of  Bishop  Whipple's  wife.  The  Major 
is  a  most  interesting  man,  and  a  historic  personage.  I  remember 
the  impression  he  made  upon  me  the  first  time  I  met  him.  It 
was  in  Rome,  Italy.  We  were  at  breakfast  in  the  hotel,  and  I  sat 
near  to  him  at  the  table;  we  got  into  conversation,  as  gentlemen 
from  home  will.  He  said:  "I  perceive  you  are  a  clergyman." 
I  replied.  "Yes,  I  am  from  one  of  the  Western  States  of  America." 
He  said,  "Perhaps  you  know  my  sister.  Bishop  Whipple's  wife." 
I  replied,  "I  have  the  honor  of  knowing  her,  being  one  of  the 
Bishop's  Clergy."  From  that  moment  we  were  friends.  The 
Major  was  a  member  of  the  Conventions  of  1853-56-59.  During 
the  war  he  was  a  member  of  the  General  Convention  of  the 
Confederate  States,  and  was  member  elect  of  the  Convention 
of  1865,  t>ut  did  not  attend,  as  the  ecclesiastical  relations  had 
not  been  restored.  He  was  Deputy  from  Tennessee  in  1868, 
Baltimore  in  1871,  New  York  in  1874,  and  has  represented 
Florida  in  every  Convention  since  1880.  Bishop  Williams  is 
the  only  surviving  Bishop  who  was  in  the  House  of  Bishops 
in  1853;  and  to  Mr.  S.  Minot  Curtis  alone,  of  all  the  men  who 
were  in  the  Convention  of  1853,  has  been  given  the  privilege 
and  honor  of  sitting  in  the  Convention  of  1895,  ^"^  of  all 
between.  What  a  glorious  remnant  of  that  Convention  of  1853 
these  three  are!  From  that  day  to  this  they  have,  as  Enoch 
of  old  did,  walked  with  God,  and  they  are  still  with  us.  Their 
eyes  are  not  dim,  and  their  spiritual  force  is  not  abated.  Their 
hearts  glow  with  the  love  of  Jesus  Christ,  and  for  them  the 
Church  stands  replete  with  blessing;  its  very  name  thrills  their 


George  R.  Fairbanks. 


544  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

souls,  and  its  glorious  services  awaken  every  emotion  in  their 
hearts,  and  for  the  younger  men  who  had  places  in  the  Con- 
vention of  1895,  what  pictures  rise  to  view  of  those  with  whom 
Curtis,  Fairbanks,  and  Williams  have  been  associated,  men  who 
have  done  exploits  in  the  moral  world,  and  left  names  which 
American  Churchmen  will  never  let  die ! 

Nurray  Hoffman,  of  New  York;  Judge  Chambers  and  Hugh 
Davy  Evans,  of  Maryland;  Thomas  Ruffin,  and  Judge  Battle, 
of  North  Carolina;  Mr.  Memminger,  of  South  Carolina;  Judge 
Howe,  of  Indiana;  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  of  Massachusetts;  Mr. 
S.  D.  Huntington,  of  Connecticut;  Gov.  Baldwin,  of  Michigan; 
Gov.  Seymour,  of  New  York;  Judge  Redfield,  of  Vermont,  and 
others.  Many  of  the  Clerical  Deputies  have  gone  to  the  upper 
House;  of  these  Bishops  Coxe,  Pierce,  and  Watson  still  survive 
as  members  of  that  body. 

Maj.  Fairbanks  has  personally  known  148  of  the  179  Bishops 
consecrated  up  to  the  present  time.  Since  his  connection  with 
the  General  Convention,  the  Bishops  of  the  Church  have  in- 
creased from  28  to  yj,  and  the  number  of  Clergy  from  1665  to 

4469- 

Hon.  D.  A.  Finlayson  is  a  lawyer  living  in  Monticello;  he  is 

Chancellor  of  the  Diocese. 

Mr.  Raymond  Knight  (Treasurer  of  the  Diocese  and  Secre- 
tary of  the  Standing  Committee)  and  Mr.  F.  S.  Knight,  are 
brothers  and  are  in  business  in  Jacksonville.  These  men  stand 
for  all  that  is  best  in  Southern  life. 

The  Diocese  of  Fond  du  Lac. 

Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Chapman  Grafton,  S.  T.  D.,  is  a  well  known 
and  highly  respected  High  Churchman.  He  was  for  ten  years 
Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Advent,  Boston.  Phillips  Brooks 
knew  him  well  all  these  years,  and  he  strongly  favored  the 
confirmation  of  Mr.  Grafton  after  he  had  been  chosen  for  the 
office  of  Bishop  at  Fond  du  Lac.  He  is  considered  a  most 
devout  and  spiritually  minded  man,  who  gives  himself  unspar- 
ingly to  the  work. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Walter  R.  Gardner,  D.  D.,  President  of  the  "Nashotah 
House";  Rev.  Reginald  H.  Weller,  Jr.,  Rector  of  the  Church  of 
the  Intercession,  Stevens  Point,  Wisconsin;  Rev.  Elbert  B. 
Taylor,  Sen.  Canon,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  Fond  du  Lac,  Ex- 
amining Chaplain;  Rev.  William  Dafter,  D.  D.,  Grace  Church, 
Appleton,  Wis.,  President  of  the  Standing  Committee. 

Mr.  J.  B.  Perry,  who  has  been  in  every  General  Convention 
for  more  than  twenty  years;  Mr.  Geo.  L.  Field,  Mr.  D.  Lloyd 
Jones,  and  Mr.  Gustave  Zerler. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


545 


The  Diocese  of  Georgia. 

Rt.  Rev.  Cleland  Kinloch  Nelson,  D.  D.,  is  Bishop  of  Georgia, 
a  state  which  stands  pre-eminently  for  what  is  known  as  the  New 
South  ;  it  is  progressing  in  a  wonderful  way,  and  the  Church  is 
growing  apace.  The  Bishop  belongs  to  an  old  colonial  family. 
He  understands  the  signs  of  the  times,  and  knows  what  Israel 
ought  to  do ;  he  is  a  man  of  large  views,  and  progressive,  earnest 
spirit.  The  Church  in  Georgia  is  dealing  with  grave  problems 
and  helping  to  settle  them  wisely.  There  are  800,000  negroes 
in  Georgia  ;  many  of  them  are  improving  their  positions  by 
leaps  and  bounds,  and  Bishop  Nelson  is  doing  all  he  can  to 
help  forward  their  progress.  In  his  work  he  well  deserves  the 
cheer  and  the  assistance  of  Churchmen.  His  past  record  is  a 
promise  of  yet  greater  service.  He  is  well  known  as  a  good 
preacher  and  platform  speaker. 

clerical  and  lay  deputies. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were : 
The  Rev.  F.  F.  Reese,  Rector  of 
Christ  Church,  Macon,  Secretary 
of  the  Diocese,  and  member  of 
the  Standing  Committee;  Rev. 
Charles  H.  Strong,  of  Savannah; 
Rev.  Anson  G.  P.  Dodge,  Jr.,  of 
Frederica,  and  the  Rev.  Albion 
W.  Knight,  Dean  of  the  Cathe- 
dral, Atlanta. 

Lay  Deputies:  Frank  H. 
Miller,  who  is  a  member  of  the 
Standing  Committee  of  the  Dio- 
cese, and  a  Trustee  of  Appleton 
Church  Home,  Macon;  Hon. 
Rufus  B.  Bullock,  a  former  Gov- 
ernor of  the  state  of  Georgia; 
Mr.  Z.  D.  Harrison  and  Mr.  H. 
C.  White.  These  men  were  all 
alert,  diligent,  and  capable,  and 
L,^ained  considerable  fame  in  the 
matter  of  inviting  the  Conven- 
tion to    Georgia. 

Hon.  Rufus  B.  Bullock. 

The  Diocese  of  Indiana. 

Rt.  Rev.  John  Hazen  White,  D.  D.,  was  elected  to  succeed 
Bishop  Knickerbacker,  who  went  into  the  Episcopate  from  the 
Parish  of  Gethsemane,  where  the  Convention  was  held.  Before 
being  made  Bishop,  John  Hazen  White  had  been  Rector  of  St. 


546 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


John's  Church,  St.  Paul,  and  Warden  of  Seabury  Hall,  Faribault, 
Minnesota.  He  is  a  man  of  decidedly  positive  convictions,  a  very 
hard  worker,  and  an  enthusiastic  missionary  spirit. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  A.  W.  Seabrease,  C.  Gra- 
ham Adams,  D.  D.,  J.  Hilliard  Ranger,  and  James  D.  Stanley. 
What  will  remain  most  memorable  in  regard  to  this  Con- 
vention, in  so  far  as  the  Diocese  of  Indiana  is  concerned,  is  the 
fact  that  Mr.  Ranger  was  taken  ill  and  died  in  St.  Barnabas 
Hospital.  He  was  a  man  of  most  gentle  spirit  and  excellent 
character,  whose  death  called  forth  high  praise  in  Indianapolis 
from  all  sorts  of  people.  He  was  Rector  of  Christ  Church  in 
that  city. 

Rev.  Alexander  W.  Seabrease,  A.  M.,  B.  D.,  Rector  of  Trinity 
Parish,  Fort  Wayne,  head  of  Indiana  Delegation  to  the  General 
Convention  of  1895,  ^^^  held  Rectorates  in  Minnesota,  Wiscon- 
sin, Michigan  and  Indiana,  was  Deputy  to  the  General  Conven- 
tion from  Wisconsin,  Deputy  to  the  General  Convention  of  1886 
from  the  Diocese  of  Michigan,  Dean  of  the  Northern  Deanery 
of  Indiana. 

Rev.  C.  G.  Adams,  D.  D.,  is 
Dean  of  Southern  Convocation 
and  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Churchy 
Jeffersonville.  He  graduated 
with  first-class  honors  from  Al- 
bert University,  Toronto.  He  is 
Examining  Chaplain. 

Rev.  James  D.  Stanley,  grad- 
uate of  Trinity  College,  1 877,  and 
of  the  General  Theological  Sem- 
inary, 1880.  Rector  of  Church 
of  the  Epiphany,  Cincinnati,  O., 
1880  to  1886,  and  of  St.  Stephen's 
Church,  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  from 
1886  to  the  present  time.  A 
Clerical  Deputy  from  Indiana  to 
the  General  Conventions  of  1889, 
[892  and  1895.  -^^  present  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Missions 
of  the  Diocese  of  Indiana. 

Rev.  J.  Hilliard  Ranger  was 
Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Indian- 
apolis; a  graduate  of  the  General 
Theological  Seminary.  He 
was  not  well  when  he  came  to  the  Convention;  during  its  ses- 
sions he  became    so  sick    that    he    was    taken    to    St.   Barnabas 


Rev.  C.  Graham  Adams,  D.  D. 


Rev.  J.  Milliard  Ranger. 


Rev.  James  D.  Stanley. 


John  S    Irwin,  M.  D.,  LL.  D. 


Gilbert  S.  Wright. 


548 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


Hospital,  and  a  few  days  after  the  adjournment  of  the  Conven- 
tion he  died.  The  body  was  sent  to  Indianapolis  for  inter- 
ment. Before  it  left  the  city  of  Minneapolis  a  service  was 
held,  conducted  by  the  Rev.  F.  T.  Webb;  an  address  given  by 
Bishop  Gilbert;  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Faude  accompanied  the  remains 
to  Indianapolis.  Mr.  Ranger  was  a  man  of  beautiful  character 
and  his  death  called  forth  expressions  of  sorrow  and  regret  from 
all  sorts  and  conditions  of  people. 

The  Lay  Delputies  were:  Mr.  Charles  E.  Brooks,  of 
Indianapolis;  Mr.  John  S.  Irwin,  M.  D.,  LL.  D.,  who  has  satin 
seven  General  Conventions  and  has  been  elected  to  two  in 
which  he  could  not  sit  by  reason  of  other  engagements;  he  is 
a  graduate  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  Treasurer  of  the 
Diocese  for  ten  years  and  a  Trustee  many  years;  he  is  and  has 
been  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  for  over  twenty  years. 
Mr.  A.  Q.  Jones,  Indianapolis,  and  Mr.  Gilbert  S.  Wright,  of 
Evansville,  are  the  other  Lay  Deputies.  These  four  men 
represent  the  wisdom  that  comes  of  age,  and  the  force  and  fire 
incident  to  young  manhood  and  strength. 

The  Diocese  of  Iowa. 


The  Rt.  Rev.  William  Stevens  Perry, 
L.,  Bishop  of  Iowa,  is  one  of  the  best 
American  Church.  The  great 
University  of  Oxford,  England, 
acknowledged  his  distinction  by 
conferring  upon  him  the  D.  D. 
degree  for  literary  and  historical 
work,  in  1887.  William  and 
Mary  College,  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  and  other  universities 
have  delighted  to  do  him  honor 
by  conferring  degrees.  He  de- 
clined the  Bishopric  of  Nova 
Scotia.  The  titles  of  his  books 
would  fill  two  pages  of  this  vol- 
ume. He  is  not  a  recluse;  since 
he  became  Bishop  of  Iowa  its 
number  of  communicants  and 
the  magnitude  of  Church  work 
has  increased  three-fold. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

The  Rev.  Francis  E.  Judd, 
D.  D.,  is  President  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  and  Secretary  of 
the  Convention  ;    he  was  made 


D.  D  , 

known 


LL.  D. 

writers 


D.  C. 

in   the 


Rev.  Francis  E.  Judo,   D.   D. 


Rev.  Wm.  Stevens  Perry,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  l. 


550  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

a  Doctor  of  Divdnity  by  Griswold  College;  he  is  now  Rector  of 
St.  James'  Church,  Marengo,  and  is  the  Senior  Rector  of  the 
Diocese. 

Rev.  Jeremiah  J.  Wilkins,  D.  D.,  was  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Des  Moines,  but  has  moved  to  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  and 
now  is  Rector  of  Christ  Church  there. 

Rev.  Thomas  E.  Green,  D.  D.,  Grace  Church,  Cedar  Rapids, 
Iowa;  member  of  Standing  Committee ;  Secretary  of  the  Board 
of  Missions  of    the  Diocese;  Rural  Dean. 

Rev.  Geo.  H.  Cornell,  St.  Thomas'  Church,  Sioux  City,  Iowa, 
Rural  Dean. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  T.  D.  Eagal,  F.  G.  Thomas, 
Samuel  Mahon,  and  George  F.  Henry. 

The  Diocese  of  Kansas. 

Rt.  Rev.  Frank  R.  Millspaugh,  D.  D.,  succeeded  Bishop  Thomas 
in  the  Diocese  of  Kansas.  Both  had  made  most  of  their  reputa- 
tion in  Minnesota.  Bishop  Millspaugh  was  educated  for  the 
ministry  at  F'aribault;  been  Rector  of  the  Church  at  Brainerd, 
and  of  St.  Paul's  in  Minneapolis.  He  has  also  served  as  Dean 
of  the  Cathedral,  Omaha,  and  married  Bishop  Clarkson's  daugh- 
ter. At  the  time  of  his  elevation  to  the  Episcopate  he  was 
Rector  of  Grace  Cathedral,  Topeka,  Kansas.  He  is  a  man  of 
good  presence,  has  exalted  views  of  the  work  of  the  ministry, 
is  a  sound  Churchman,  not  extreme  in  any  way,  and  is  very 
earnest  and  always  has  been  in  missionary  work,  methodical  in 
all  his  work,  faithful  to  every  trust.  He  is  a  man  of  affairs 
as  well  as  consecration. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  A.  Beatty,  D.  D.,  St.  Matthew's  Church,  Newton,  Kansas, 
President  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese  of  Kansas ; 
Examining  Chaplain,  Clerical  Chancellor  Grace  Cathedral,  To- 
peka, Kansas,  one  of  the  faculty  of  Diocesan  Theological  School, 
Topeka. 

Rev.  N.  S.  Thomas,  St.  John's  and  St.  Paul's  Churches, 
Leavenworth,  Kansas ;  Registrar  of  the  Diocese ;  one  of  the 
faculty  of  the  Diocesan  Theological  School,  Topeka;  son  of  the 
late  Bishop  Thomas. 

Rev.  Alfred  Brown,  Grace  Church,  Hutchinson,  Kansas;  Dean 
of  Convocation  of  Witchita  ;  member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee. 

Rev.  John  Bennett,  St.  Andrew's  Church,  F'ort  Scott,  Kan- 
sas; Dean  of  Convocation,  Fort  Scott;  secretary  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committee. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Messrs.  H.  W.  Gleason,  C.  P. 
Skinner,  Fred  E.  Stimpson,  W.  C.  Allen. 


Rt.  Rev.  Frank  R.  Millspaugh,  D.  D. 


552 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


The  Diocese  of  Kentucky. 

This  is  the  Diocese  which  has  the  renowned  Bishop  Dudley 
for  its  Diocesan,  a  man  who  is  known  through  all  the  land  for 
his  work  for  the  colored  people  of  the  South,  as  well  as  for 
his  large  hearted  interest  in  General  Missions,  for  his  unselfish- 
ness, and  zeal.  When  the  Diocese  of  Lexington  was  set  off 
by  this  Convention,  how  glad  he  was  to  wish  the  new  Diocese 
God  speed,  and  asked  the  Board  of  Missions  in  New  York  to 
give  all  the  appropriation  it  had  heretofore  given  to  Kentucky 
to  Lexington.  To  capacity  for  incessant  work,  to  far-seeing 
vision,  he  adds  this,  that  he  is  a  born  orator,  and  that  talent 
which  he  had  given  by  God  at  first,  he  has  improved  by  culture, 
so  that  to-day  he  stands  by  common  consent  one  of  the  great 
preachers  and  speakers  in  the  Church  in  America. 

clerical  and  lay  deputies. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were: 
Rev.  E.  T.  Perkins,  D.  D.,  Rec- 
tor emeritus  St.  Paul's  Church. 
Louisville;  President  of  Stand- 
ing Committee;  Chaplain  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Orphan 
Asylum ;  he  has  had  a  seat  in 
the  General  Convention  for  more 
than  twenty  years.  Rev.  E.  H, 
Ward,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  Christ 
Church,  Lexington;  Dean  of  the 
Convocation  of  Lexington,  and 
Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  P.  A. 
Fitts,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Henderson,  Ky.,  and 
Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  L, 
W.  Burton,  now  Bishop  of  Lex- 
ington. 

Lay  Deputies:  Messrs,  Wm. 
A.  Robinson,  member  of  the 
Standing  Committee  of  the  Dio- 
cese, Treasurer  of  the  Board  of 
Missions;  R.  Wells  Covington, 
Bowling  Green;  C.  F.  Johnson, 

William  A.  Robinson.  y^d    F.    P.    Wolcott, 


The  Diocese  of  Long  Island. 

The  Right  Rev.  Abram  Newkirk  Littlejohn,  D.  D.,  LL.  D., 
is  one  of  the  rare  men  in  the  Church.  It  is  a  remarkable 
fact  that  at  one  time,  in  the  Diocese  of  Connecticut,  there 
were   four   men    who   have   since  risen   to  such  renown.     They 


Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  Underwood  Dudley,  D.  D.,  LL.  D..  D.  C.  L. 


554  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

are  Bishops  Littlejohn,  Clark,  of  Rhode  Island,  Coxe,  and  Wil- 
liams. As  preachers  and  as  Rectors  these  men  made  names 
the  whole  Church  delights  to  honor.  Bishop  Littlejohn  is 
a  moderate  High  Churchman,  a  thinker  and  a  scholar.  He 
has  held  a  large  number  of  distinguished  places,  and  has  seen 
the  work  in  his  Diocese  grow  very  rapidly.  He  is  far  too  well 
known  as  a  preacher  to  require  any  eulogy  here.  His  lectures 
on  "  Individualism, "  which  the  University  at  Cambridge  hon- 
ored itself  by  asking  him  to  give  before  its  members,  were  by 
them  received  with  great  enthusiasm,  and  called  forth  the 
highest  praise.  The  University  conferred  on  him,  in  recog- 
nition of  his  ability  and  of  his  great  attainments  and  services, 
the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws.  In  the  lectures,  he,  with  very 
great  sagacity,  pointed  out  very  many  of  the  dangers  which 
experience  has,  in  America,  proved  to  be  very  real.  The  public 
life  of  Bishop  Littlejohn  has  been  a  success;  in  private  life  he 
is  held  in  the  highest  esteem.  He  has  written  much  which 
will,  in  ages  to  come,  mark  him  as  one  of  the  Bishops,  who  in 
this  century,  by  his  work,  gifts,  eloquence,  and  literary  ability, 
helped  largely  to  make  the  Church  the  power  it  is  acknowledged 
to  be,  in  every  walk  of  life.  The  Bishop's  photograph  pre- 
cedes the  Pastoral  Letter,  page  274. 

The  Clerical  and  Lay  Deputies  were  alike  remarkable  men. 
It  would  be  easy  to  fill  a  volume  with  biographical  notes,  but 
lack  of  space  prevents  extended  notice. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Rev.  Reese  F.  Alsop,  D.  D.,  is  the  well  known  Rector  of 
St.  Ann's  Parish,  where  the  great  Dr.  Schenck  was  a  former 
Rector.  It  is  one  of  the  largest  free  churches  in  America,  and 
is  doing  a  very  noble  work.  Dr.  Alsop  has  been  alike  suc- 
cessful in  Pittsburg,  Philadelphia,  and  in  his  present  Rectorate. 
He  has  sat  in  the  last  three   Conventions. 

The  Rev.  Chauncey  B.  Brewster  is  a  son  of  a  Clergyman, 
was  very  popular  in  Baltimore,  and  is  not  less  so  in  Grace 
Church,  Brooklyn,  a  Parish  which  is  known  through  all  the 
land  for  its  missionary  gifts  and  zeal.  He  has  sat  in  the  last 
two  Conventions. 

Rev.  T.  S.  Drowne,  D.  D.,  is  Secretary  of  the  Diocese  of 
Long  Island,  and  has  sat  in  seven    Conventions. 

Rev.  George  F.  Breed,  Ph.  B.,  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Brooklyn.  These  four  men  would  command  honor  and  atten- 
tion in  any  Legislative  Assembly  in  the  world. 

The  Lay  Deputation  is  one  of  princely  men.  Hon.  John 
A.  King  has  the  profound  respect  of  all  the  Deputies  from  Maine 
to  California;  an  upright  man,  of  few  words,  but  wise  in 
judgment,  devout  in  life,  generous  in  gifts,  and  the  soul  of 
honor.      He  has  sat  in  the  last  seven  Conventions.      He  is  Presi- 


Hon.  John  A.  King. 


556  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

dent  of  the  New  York  Historical  Society.  He  is  a  graduate 
of  Harvard.  There  is  no  charity  in  Long  Island  Diocese  he 
has  not  helped.      He  founded  the  Parish  of  Great  Neck. 

Mr.  William  Nicoll  is  one  of  the  Churchmen  in  Long  Island 
read  and  known  and  loved  by  all  Churchmen,  a  great  friend  of 
the  Bishop,  and  of  every  work  for  the  advancement  of  the 
Kingdom  of  Christ.      In  eight  Conventions  he  has  had  a   seat. 

The  next  two  are  younger  men,  but  they  illustrate  the 
Psalmist's  words,  "Instead  of  the  fathers  thou  shalt  have  children 
whom  thou  mayest  make  princes  in  all  the  earth."  Mr.  N.  Pendle- 
ton Schenck  is  a  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Doctor  Schenck.  He  is  a 
lawyer,  and  loves  the  Church  his  father  so  gloriously  served. 
That  he  is  held  in  high  regard  is  shown  in  that  he  is  a  member 
of  the   Convention. 

The  last  Deputy  is  Mr.  Henry  E.  Pierrepont,  son  of  Mr. 
Henry  Pierrepont  of  blessed  memory,  who  was  for  a  generation 
a  pillar  in  the  House  of  God.  Not  in  this  age  will  his  mem- 
ory be  lost  sight  of  in  Grace  Parish,  Brooklyn.  Here  the 
family  of  Mr.  Bill  worshiped,  and  the  Lows  were  also  members 
of  it.  Mr.  A.  A.  Low  is  to  this  day  devoted  to  it.  Honor 
and  service  are  traditional  in  the  Parish.  Such  sons  of  Church- 
men as  Mr.  Schenck  and  Mr.  Pierrepont  are  a  crown  of  glory. 

No  account  of  the  Deputies  from  Long  Island  would  be  just 
which  did  not  name  Hon.  Jasper  W.  Gilbert,  who  is  over  eighty- 
five  years  old.  He  was  elected  Deputy,  but  could  not  attend. 
He  has  sat  in  four  Conventions,  and  has  rendered  great  service 
in  legal  matters  and  a  hundred  other  ways  to  the  Diocese  in 
which  he  holds  so  distinguished  a  place. 

The  Diocese  of  Louisiana. 

Rt.  Rev.  Davis  Sessums,  D.  D.,  is  the  Diocesan.  It  is  entirely 
within  the  strictest  truth  to  say  that,  of  the  young  Bishops,  he 
was  one  of  the  most  sought  for  to  preach  special  sermons 
during  the  weeks  of  the  Convention.  His  style  has  a  perfect 
fascination  for  a  very  large  part  of  the  Church  people,  and  for 
the  general  public.  He  is  a  student  who  has  given  very  close 
study  to  Hegel,  and  the  philosophy  which  is  represented  by  the 
word  Hegelian  has  charm  for  the  Bishop  of  Louisiana, — at  least 
this  is  the  impression  any  well-read  person  would  receive  who 
heard  him  preach.  It  appears  to  be  almost  a  passion  with 
Bishop  Sessums  to  reconcile  Greek  philosophy  with  Hebrew 
theology.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  Bishop  Sessums  is  a 
subtle  thinker,  and  that  he  has  a  wealth  of  dialect  at  his  com- 
mand such  as  few  men  have.  I  heard  him  preach  a  very  able 
sermon  in  St.  Andrew's  Parish,  on  the  young  man  who  came 
to  Jesus  asking  what  good  thing  he  should  do  to  inherit  eternal 
life.     It  was  a  masterly  piece  of  analysis  and  earnestness,  which 


Rt.  Rev.  Davis  Sessums,  D.  D. 


558 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


showed  the  power  of  the  man.  Bishop  Sessums  has  had  a 
career  such  as  has  scarcely  a  parallel  in  the  Church  ;  his  rise 
has  been  very  rapid,  and  his  present  gives  promise  of  greater 
service.  He  is  not  yet  thirty -eight  years  old,  and  has  been 
Bishop  since  1891. 


CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 


Venerable  Archdeacon  Herman  C.  Duncan,  S.  T.  D.,  is  a 
native  of  New  Orleans,  where  his  father  was  a  layman  prom- 
inent in  Church  work,  representing  Louisiana  in  General  Con- 
vention.    He  was  ordained  Deacon    Oct.  25th,   1868,  by  Bishop 


Ven.  Arch.  Herman  C.  Duncan,  S.  T.  D. 


Rev.  William  K.  Douglas,  D.  D. 


J.  P.  B.  Wilmer,  of  Louisiana.  His  early  ministry  was  chiefly 
spent  in  mission  work  in  his  native  city.  In  1880  he  became 
Rector  of  St.  James,  Alexandria,  his  present  Parish,  and  Arch- 
deacon. Dr.  Duncan  is  easily  master  of  statistics,  and  probably 
no  presbyter  is  better  informed  as  to  facts  and  figures  connected 
with  the  American  Church.  He  is  a  great  apostle  of  Church 
Unity  and  a  prominent  Free  Mason. 

Rev.  William  K.  Douglas,  D.  D.,  is  a  native  of  New  Haven, 
Connecticut,  where  his  father  was  an  eminent  mechanic,  origin- 
ating the  manufacture  of  the  metal  pump,  which  still  bears  his 
name.     He  is  a  graduate  of  Yale  College  and  received  honorary 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  559 

degrees  from  Trinity  and  Columbia  Colleges;  was  ordained  by- 
Bishop  Brownell,  of  Connecticut,  May  22nd,  1853,  and  became 
Rector  of  St.  John's,  Warehouse  Point.  In  i860  he  "accepted 
the  Presidency  of  Jefferson  College,  Mississippi,  and  spent  twenty 
years  in  educational  work,  combined  with  parochial  ministry. 
After  the  epidemic  of  1878,  which  swept  away  his  Parish  and 
school,  with  the  deaths  of  five  members  of  his  own  household, 
he  returned  to  Louisiana.  He  represented  Mississippi  in  the 
General  Conventions  of  1871-74-77-80,  and  Louisiana  in  1889- 
92-95,  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  General  Board  of  Missions 
under  its  several  organizations  continuously  since  1868.  He  is 
Rector  of  the  historic  French   Parish  of  St.  Francisville. 

Rev.  Henry  H.  Waters,  D.  D.,  is  an  Englishman  by  birth  ; 
ordained  1867  by  the  Bishop  of  Gloucester  and  Bristol,  England; 
was  Canon  of  the  Cathedral  in  Toronto,  Canada,  when  in  1875 
he  was  called  to  succeed  Bishop  Adams  as  Rector  of  St.  Paul's, 
New  Orleans,  his  present  Parish.  He  received  the  degree  of 
D.  D.,  from  Jefferson  College,  Mississippi. 

Rev.  John  Percival,  D.  D.,  was  born  and  educated  in  Eng- 
land, but  came  to  New  Orleans  in  early  manhood,  where  he 
distinguished  himself  as  an  educator.  He  was,  in  1864,  ordained 
by  Bishop  H.  Potter,  of  New  York,  at  the  request  of  the  Diocesan 
authorities  of  Louisiana,  and  at  once  undertook  the  revival  of 
the  Church  of  the  Annunciation,  New  Orleans,  which  had  been 
destroyed  by  fire  and  the  congregation  scattered.  In  this,  his 
life  work,  he  has  been  eminently  successful.  He  received  the 
degree  of  D.  D.  from  Washington  and  Lee  College,  Virginia. 

Mr.  Henry  C.  Minor  is  a  leading  sugar  planter  residing  in 
Ferreboune  ;  his  family  is  among  the  oldest  and  the  most  prom- 
inent in  the  Southwest. 

Mr.  H.  D.  Forsyth  is  a  prominent  Churchman  of  New  Orleans. 

Mr.  James  McConnell  is  a  leading  lawyer  of  New  Orleans, 
whose  voice  has  been  often  heard  in  the  General  Convention, 
and  always  listened  to  with  advantage.  He  was  taken  ill  on 
his  way  to  the  Convention,  and  was  unable  to  take  his  seat. 

The  Diocese  of    Maine. 

The  Right  Rev.  Henry  Adams  Neely,  D.  D.,  has  been  so 
often  spoken  of  in  these  pages  that  little  need  be  said  here. 
The  fact  that  he  was  six  years  (the  longest  time  permitted  by 
law)  Chairman  of  the  House  of  Bishops  shows  the  high  place 
he  must  hold  as  a  Bishop,  a  scholar  and  a  parliamentarian.  He 
is  a  man  of  sterling,  hard  headed  common  sense,  one  of  the  rarest 
and  choicest  gifts.  To  all  this  he  adds  an  inflexible  honesty, 
which  prompts  him  to  speak  his  mind  whenever  it  appears 
useful  to  do  so  on  any  question,  whether  the  views  he  holds 
are  popular  or  the  reverse.      In  these  days  when  so  many  men 


Rt.  Rev.  Henry  Adams  Neely,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  561 

value  quiet  more  than  principle,  such  qualities  in  a  hif^h  di^rni- 
tary  are  invaluable.  Bishop  Neely  is  a  graduate  of  Geneva 
College,  N.  Y.  He  has  been  Bishop  of  Maine  since  Jan.  25th, 
1867.     He  is  greatly  beloved. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  C.  Morton  Sills,  D.  D.,  Dean,  St.  Luke's  Cathedral, 
Portland,  Secretary  and  Registrar  of  the  Diocese  of  Maine; 
President  of  the  Standing  Committee;  Editor  of  "The  North- 
east" a  Diocesan  paper. 

Rev.  C.  S.  Leffingwell,  St.  Saviour,  Bar  Harbor;  Honorary 
Canon,  "The  Cathedral  Church  of  St.  Luke's,"  Portland. 

Rev.  Charles  F.  Sweet,  St.  John's  Church,  Presque  Isle; 
Head  Master  of  "St.  John's  School." 

Rev.  John  S.  Moody,  St.   Peter's  Church,  Rockland. 

The  Lay  Deputies  are:  Mr.  John  Ingalls,  who  has  been  in 
Conventions  for  more  than  twenty  vears;  Mr.  John  Marshall 
Brown,  P.  J.  Carleton,  and  Mr.  .\   Uavenport. 

The  Diocese  of  Ma..yland. 

When  the  history  of  the  Church  comes  to  be  written  from 
its  beginning  in  America  to  the  end  of  the  nineteenth  century, 
Bishop  William  Paret,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  will  have  a  place  of  honor. 
Not  alone  because  he  is  Bishop  of  Maryland,  in  which  Diocese  is 
the  capital  of  the  Republic,  but  because,  being  Bishop,  he  has 
done  so  much  for  the  Church  and  done  it  so  well.  A  man  he  is 
of  large  mental  gift,  and  of  deeply  religious  nature.  He  knows 
in  its  minuteness  and  in  its  fullness  the  Canon  Law,  and  sees  to 
its  being  obeyed.  He  is  one  of  the  most  fearless  of  men,  and 
as  Bishop  Leonard  said  at  the  West  Hotel  in  October  last:  "A 
man  with  a  large  and  kindly  heart."  As  a  preacher,  and  as  a 
platform  speaker,  he  is  clearly  in  the  front  ranks  of  men  in  this 
generation.  Those  who  heard  a  discussion  in  Baltimore  at  the 
Convention  of  '92  in  which  Bishops  Williams,  Doane,  .Sej'mour, 
and  Paret  took  part,  will  not  soon  forget  it.  I  never  shall. 
It  was  a  discussion  such  as  a  man  does  not  often  hear  in  a  life- 
time. In  argument  and  eloquence  of  the  highest  order,  i\  would 
be  hard  to  say  who  deserved  the  greatest  honor.  It  is  easy 
to  say  Bishop  Paret  made  a  profound  impression.  He  was 
elected  Bishop  by  men  who  had  long  known  him.  Born  Scj)t. 
23rd,  1826.  Graduated  from  Hobart,  1849.  Consecrated  Bishop 
in  1885. 

clerical  and  lay  deputies. 

The  Clerical  Deputation  were:  The  Revs.  J.  S.  B.  Hodges, 
D.  D.,  who  is,  and  has  been  for  more  than  twenty-five  years, 
the  honored  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Baltimore.  As  a  mark 
of  love  and  gratitude,  the  Parish  recently  gave  him  $1500  dol- 


Rt.  Rev.  William  Paret,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


563 


lars  as  a  special  gift.  The  Parish  is  flourishing  in  all  depart- 
ments. Rev.  J.  H.  Eccleston,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  Emmanuel 
Church,  Baltimore,  and  President  of  the  Standing  Committee. 
Rev.  J.  H.  Elliott,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  the  Church  of  the 
Ascension  in  Washington.  The  Rev.  Randolph  H.  IVlcKim,  D. 
D.,  is  Rector  of  Epiphany  Parish  in  the  same  city.  All  are 
preachers  of  known  ability. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  Joseph  Packard,  Jr.,  a  lawj'cr 
in  Baltimore,  a  member  of  Emmanuel  Parish,  and  well  known 
in  the  General  Convention.  When  he  is  in  the  chair,  and  the 
House  is  in  committee  of  the  whole,  he  is  seen  to  great  ad- 
vantage. He  is  a  chairman  of  exceptional  ability.  Mr.  Shipwith 
Wilmer  is  a  son  of  the  Bishop  of  that  name.  He  is  a  lawyer, 
a  member  of  Christ  Church,  Baltimore  and  a  very  active  Church- 
man. Mr.  Wm.  Keyser  is  a  member  of  Grace  Church.  He 
was  at  one  time  Vice-President  of  the  Baltimore  Railroad  but 
he  has  time  to  give  to  Church  work.  Mr.  John  T.  Mason  is 
a  resident  of  Baltimore.  He  sat  as  alternate  for  General  J.  C. 
Davis  of  Washington.  These  eight  Deputies  for  solid  judgment. 
for  wide  knowledge,  moderation,  for  power  of  all  kinds,  left 
nothing  to  be  desired. 

The  Diocese  of  Massachusetts. 

Massachusetts  is  one  of  the  foremost  Dioceses  in  all  the 
land.     Its  Bishop  is  William  Lawrence,  S.  T.  D.,  who  is  a  son  of 

the  sturdy,  devout,  and  generous 
A.  A.  Lawrence,  of  Longwood, 
Boston,  who  was  a  great  admirer 
and  supporter  of  John  Brown,  of 
Kansas.  The  Lawrence  famil\' 
have  done  much  to  make  the 
Church  work  in  Longwood  what 
it  is.  I  have  often  heard,  in 
the  home  of  Rev.  Dr.  Howe 
(who  is  Rector  there,  and  a  son 
of  the  late  Bishop  Howe,  of 
Central  Pennsylvania)  of  the 
Lawrences  of  the  elder  genera- 
tion; and  the  Bishop  and  family 
built  the  Parish  building  in  hon- 
or of  their  mother,  j^ishop 
Lawrence  was  Dean  of  the  the- 
ological school  at  Cambridge 
when  he  was  elected  Bishop 
to  succeed  the  famous  Bishop 
Brooks.  It  is  too  soon  to  esti- 
mate his  influence  upon  the 
Churchmanship  of  theCommon- 

Rev.  John  S.  Lindsay,  D.  D. 


Rt.  Rev.  William  Lawrence,  S.  T.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


565 


wealth.  Those  who  know  him  best,  and  who  are  competent  to 
judge,  prophesy  great  things.  When  in  Minneapolis,  the  sermons 
he  preached  were  spoken  of  in  terms  of  high  praise.  The  Dio- 
cese of  Massachusetts  has  long  been  interested  in  Western 
Church  work,  and  has  given  large  sums  of  money  to  it.  It  is 
one  of  the  most  influential  Dioceses  in  America. 


Arthur  J.  C.  Sowdon. 


Judge  Edmund  H.  Bennett. 


CLERICAL    .\XD    L.W    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  J.  S.  Lindsay,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Tre- 
mont  St.,  Boston,  a  church  rich  in  historic  memories.  Here  Mr. 
WiiL  Appleton  used  to  work  and  worship;  here  Bishop  Courtney 
was  Rector  before  he  was  elevated  to  the  Episcopate.  Dr. 
Lindsay  has  more  than  once  had  the  opportunity  to  step  up  to 
the  Episcopal  ranks,  but  he  preferred  the  work  of  the  priest- 
hood. He  is  President  of  the  Standing  Committee,  and  holds 
other  offices  of  trust. 

Rev.  Arthur  Lawrence,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Stockbridge,  and  is  revered  wherever  known  for  his  fidelity, 
diligence  and  goodness. 

Rev.  Leighton  Parks,  D.  D.,  is  the  well-known  Rector  of  I^m- 
manuel  Parish,  Boston,  where  he  has  long  and  laboriously 
ministered.  He  was  recently  called  to  Holy  Trinity  Church, 
Brooklyn,  but  declined  the  call.       By  man}',  Dr.   Parks  is   called 


566 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


the  greatest  preacher  in  New  England.  He  is  a  Churchman  of 
the  school  represented  by  Bishop  Brooks. 

Rev.  Geo.  Hodges,  D.  D.,  is  head  of  the  theological  school 
at  Cambridge,  in  which  place  he  followed  Bishop  Lawrence.  He 
is  well  known  as  writer  and  as  preacher.  Before  going  to  Mas- 
sachusetts, he  had  long  filled  a  commanding  position  in  Pitts- 
burg,  Pa. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  A.  J.  C.  Sowdon,  a  member  of  St. 
Paul's  Church,  a  former  Chairman  of  the  Laymen's  Church  Club 
of  Mass.,  and  an  active  man  in  all  Diocesan  enterprise  ;  Judge 
Edmund  H.  Bennett,  Dean  of  the  law  school,  who  is  a  well 
known  writer  on  divorce,  and  an  authority  on  Canon   Law;   Mr. 


Robert  Treat  Paine. 


Hon.  Edward  Livingston  Davis. 


Robert  Treat  Paine,  the  philanthropist,  who  is  versed  in  all 
kinds  of  practical  knowledge  regarding  the  best  ways  of  helping 
the  poor  and  those  who  need  assistance.  His  writings  on  these 
subjects  are  too  well  known  to  need  description  here.  He  has 
given  very  largely  of  his  means  for  the  benefit  of  the  working 
people  of  Boston  and  other  places.  He  was  at  college  with 
l^ishop  Brooks,  and  one  of  his  lifelong  friends.  It  is  open  to 
(juestion  whether  any  man  who  sat  in  Convention  for  the  first 
time  in  1895  made  a  deeper  impression.  Hon.  Edward  L. 
Davis  is  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese, 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


567 


a  man  rich  in  all  that  is  known  by  the  word  culture;  deeply 
interested  in  Church  work,  to  which  he  gives  thought  and  per- 
sonal labor  and  of  his  means.  Such  are  the  men  who  came 
from  Massachusetts  ;    better  or  abler  they  had  not  to  send. 

The  Diocese  of  Michican. 

Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  F.  Davies,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  the  Diocesan 
of  Michigan.  He  is  a  man  of  large  experience,  and  had  a  suc- 
cessful ministry  both  in  New  Hampshire  and  Philadelphia,  from 
which  place  he  was  elected  to  the  Episcopate.  He  is  held  in 
the  highest  veneration  in  St.  Peter's  Parish,  Philadelphia,  to  this 
day,  as   a   noble    Rector.       He   was    several    times    sent    by   the 


«>^ 


Rev.  Joseph  H.  Johnson,  D.  D. 


Rev.  Thomas  W.  MacLean. 


Diocese  to  the  General  Convention  from  Pennsylvania;  was  mem- 
ber of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese  in  the  days  of 
Bishop  Stevens.  Bishop  Davies  is  known  to  be  a  scholar  of  great 
attainments,  a  conservative  Churchman,  and  a  most  thoughtful 
Bishop,  who  gives  his  Diocese  a  wise,  safe  and  progressive 
administration.      He  succeeded  Bishop  Harris. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Rev.  and  Hon.  William  Prall,  D.  D.,  is  the  style  and 
title  of  the  Clergyman  who  heads  the  deputation  from  Michigan, 
Before  he  was  in  Holy  Orders,  he  was  a  Legislator   in  Canada. 


568  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

and  a  man  very  highly  respected.  As  Rector  of  St.  John's 
Parish,  Detroit,  he  fills  one  of  the  most  conspicuous  places  in 
the  Church  of  God  in  the  middle  West,  and  does  so  with  ability 
and  success.  The  General  Convention  of  '92  sent  him  to  repre- 
sent it  in  the  Canadian  Synod.  All  of  which  shows  what  a 
representative  man   he  is. 

Rev.  J.  H.  Johnson,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  the 
church  in  which  gentle  Bishop  Paddock,  of  Massachusetts, 
used  to  minister,  and  in  which  Rev.  John  Brown,  D.  D.,  now  of 
New  York,  was  Rector.  Mr.  Johnson  is  great  in  all  the  detail 
work  of  a  Parish  ;  his  lectures  to  classes  to  be  confirmed  are  ad- 
mirable. I  shall  never  forget  hearing  one  in  the  days  of  Bishop 
Harris.  It  was  on  a  week  day  evening;  was  so  simple,  direct, 
so  real,  and  yet  so  dignified  and  Christlike ;  it  made  a  profound 
impression  upon  my  mind.  I  do  not  wonder  when  told  that  he 
has  been  Rector  nine  years,  and  has  declined  to  move  to  other 
places.  Since  the  Convention  adjourned  he  has  been  chosen 
and  consecrated  Bishop  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

The  Rev.  Thos.  W.  MacLean  is  Rector  of  Trinity  Church, 
Bay  City,  a  Parish  in  which  Rev.  John  Wright,  D.  D.,  was  for- 
merly Rector.  Here  he  has  served  faithfully  many  years  ;  is 
Dean  of  Convocation  and  member  of  Standing  Committee. 

The  Rev.  Henry  Tatlock  is  Dean  of  Southern  Michigan,  and 
Examining  Chaplain.       Rector  of  St.  Andrew's,  Ann  Arbor. 

Lay  Deputies:  H.  C.  Parke,  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  man- 
ufacturing chemists.  It  was  not  as  a  chemist  that  he  was  here, 
but  as  a  representative  Christian  man  sent  to  speak  for  his  fel- 
low Churchmen,  which  he  is  well  able  to  do.  For  very  many 
years  Mr.  Parke  was  the  Superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School 
in  St.  John's  Parish,  Detroit,  one  of  the  best  and  largest  schools 
in  America.     He  is  also  Senior  Warden  of  the  Parish. 

Theodore  Eaton  is  next.  Of  him  it  may  be  said,  if  not  as 
it  was  said  of  one  of  old,  "He  loveth  our  nation,  for  he  hath 
built  us  a  synagogue."  He  gave  $50,000  toward  building  the 
new  .St.  Paul's  Church,  Detroit.  He  is  a  man  of  great  wealth, 
which  he  sanctifies  by  the  use  to  which  he  puts  it.  He  is  a 
man  whose  works  speak  for  him  in  the  gate. 

Mr.  Sidney  Miller  is  a  son-in-law  of  Mr.  Trowbridge,  than 
whom  no  Churchman  in  Michigan  ever  had  a  greater  name. 
Mr.  Miller  is  enthusiastic  in  all  good  works.  He  has  a  wise 
business  head  and  a  gracious  heart,  with  an  ever-ready  hand 
for  service.  He  deserves  respect  for  his  own  sake,  and  for  the 
sake  of  the  man  whose  son-in-law  he  is. 

Mr.  Thomas  Cranage  was  the  fourth  Lay  Deputy.  '  Tis 
enough  to  say  that  he  is  a  man  who,  by  mental  gifts,  by  culture, 
by  service,  and  all  that  is  good,  is  worthy  to  be  on  the  level  with 
the  other  Deputies  from  the  Diocese  of  Michigan. 

There  was  a  supplementary  Deputy,  Mr.  Maybury,  who  filled 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  569 

the  place  of  a  Deputy  who  had  to  leave.  The  members  of  the 
deputation  speak  of  him  in  terms  of  warm  appreciation.  Mr. 
Maybury  has  not  only  been  honored  in  the  Church  ;  he  has 
been  a  member  of  the  United  States  Congress,  and  filled  his 
office  well. 

The  Diocese  of  Milwaukee. 

Rt.  Rev.  Isaac  Lea  Nicholson,  S.  T.  D.,  was  the  popular  Rector 
of  St.  Mark's  Church,  Philadelphia,  before  he  was  chosen  Bishop 
of  Milwaukee.  He  was  in  those  days  a  High  Churchman,  as 
the  world  understood  that  term,  though  he,  and  all  men  of  his 
views,  would  rather  be  described  by  the  word  Catholic  Church- 
man. He  is  most  diligent  in  all  the  duties  of  his  office,  and 
is  in  deep  sympathy  with  all  the  work  and  service  of  his 
Clergy,  as  well  as  with  them  in  all  the  crosses  they  have  to 
bear.  He  is  reputed  to  be  a  liturgical  scholar,  versed  in 
ancient  and  modern  liturgical  lore.  There  is  much  missionary 
work  to  be  done  in  the  Diocese,  and  he  is  ever  willing  to  lead 
in  that  work. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Clerical  Deputies:  Rev.  F.  S.  Jewell,  Ph.  D.,  Rector  of  St. 
John's  Church,  Portage,  Chancellor  of  All  Saints'  Cathedral,  Mil- 
waukee, is  a  master  of  English  and  it  has  been  said  that  no  man 
in  the  West  knows  the  use  of  a  Saxon  style  better,  or  can  speak 
it  so  well.  He  is  an  ecclesiastical  historian  and  canonist,  who 
always  knows  whereof  he  speaks,  and  who  can  give  a  reason 
for  what  he  says. 

The  Rev.  Charles  Mallory  is  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Dela- 
van,  Dean  of  Convocation,  and   Manager  of  the  Church  Times. 

Rev.  Joseph   Moran,  Jr.,  St.   Luke's  Church,  Whitewater,  Wis. 

Rev.  Theophilus  S.  Richey,  St.  Stephen's  Church.  Milwaukee, 
Wis.;  examining  Chaplain;  Honorary  Canon  All  Saints'  Cathe- 
dral, Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Lay  Deputies:  Mr.  Linden  H.  Morehouse,  of  the  Young 
Churchman  Publishing  Co.;  Mr.  John  B.  Winslow,  Mr.  T.  M. 
Carey,  and_Mr.  Walter  M.  Wells. 

The  Diocese  of   Minnesota. 

Bishop  Whipple's  photograph  is  on  the  first  page  of  this 
book  because  he  is  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  in  which  the  Con- 
vention met.  He  has  been  so  often  spoken  of  in  this  history 
that  no  further  mention  is  required  now.  The  Coadjutor  ]3ishop 
Gilbert,  D.  D.,  is.  Bishop  Whipple  has  often  declared,  a  man 
after  his  own  heart.  He  was  educated  for  the  ministry  at 
Faribault,  went  to  do  missionary  work  at  Deer  Lodge,  and  after- 
wards was  Rector  at  Helena,  Montana,  thence  was  called  to  the 
Rectorate     of    Christ    Church,  St.    Paul,    where    he    was    till    he 


Rt.  Rev.  Mahlon  Norris  Gilbert,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


571 


became  Bishop.  He  is  a  very  hard  worker,  never  passes  an 
idle  day.  He  is  an  enthusiastic  speaker  on  all  Missionary 
themes;  his  old  Parishioners  at  Christ  Church,  St.  Paul,  affirm  that 
he  is  one  of  the  best  preachers  who  ever  lived  in  the  city.  He 
has  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  Swedish  work,  particular 
mention  of  which  work  I  have  made  on  another  pac^c.  As 
a  Clergyman  in  Minnesota  it  becomes  me  to  speak  with  great 
moderation  about  our  own  Bishops,  and  deputation,  but  it  may 
with  truth  be  said,  it  is  generally  understood  that  Bishop  Gil- 
bert is  very  influential  in  the  House  of  Bishops,  considering 
the  length  of  time  he  has  had  a  place  in  that  Assembly.  He 
was  chosen  Bishop  in  Gethsemane  Church,  where  the  House  of 
Deputies  sat  in  1895,  was  consecrated  Bishop  in  St.  James' 
Church,  Chicago,  Oct.    17th,    1886. 


Rev.  John  J.  Faude. 


Rev.  Albert  W.  Ryan,  D.  C.  L. 


CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Clerical  Deputies:  Rev.  John  Jacob  Faude  is  a  man  with  a 
history.  He  is  a  Racine  man;  knew  DeKoven  well;  speaks  the 
German  tongue  like  a  native,  and  has  command  of  a  very 
graceful  English  style.  He  is  self-possessed,  calm  and  digni- 
fied. He  has  had  a  career  of  unbroken  advancement  from  his 
ordination  till  now.  He  was  Rector  at  Plymouth,  then  Michi- 
gan City,   Indiana,  then  he  came  to    Gethsemane,    Minneapolis, 


^ 


5/2 


HISTORY  OF  GEXERAL  COXVEXTIOX. 


which  is  the  largest  Parish  in  the  Diocese.  He  was  in  the 
Con\ention  as  Deputy  from  Indiana,  and  has  been  in  both 
Conventions  held  since  he  came  to  Minnesota. 

The  Rev.  Albert  W.  Ryan,  D.  C.  L..  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Duluth,  where  he  succeeded  Bishop  Barker.  He  was 
well  known  in  the  Diocese  before,  as  his  Theological  training 
had  been  at  Faribault.  Doctor  Ryan  as  Rector  of  Trinity 
Memorial  Church,  Warren,  in  the  Diocese  of  Pittsburg,  had  done 
good  work,  been  Secretary  of  the  Missionary  Board,  and  has 
sat  in  the  General  Convention  more  than  once.  He  has  been 
spoken  of  for  the  high  office  of  Bishop,  and  at  least  been  voted 


^' 

»..  , 

^ 

->0  ■■ 

^^ 

k^^ 

^  ^ 

i 

! 

/ 


Rev.  John  Wright,  D.  D. 


Rev.  Harry  P.  Nichols. 


for  once  in  the  House  of  Bishops.  Dr.  Ryan  is  a  devout  man,  a 
hard  worker,  with  a  level  head  and  a  warm  heart.  He  is  a 
very  good  scholar,  and  greatly  beloved  in  Northern  Minnesota. 
The  Rev.  John  Wright,  D.  D.,  is  author  of  "Early  American 
Bibles",  which  is  in  the  second  edition,  and  has  received  very 
high  praise  from  literary  men  both  here,  in  Canada  and  England. 
He  has  in  the  press  a  work,  "Early  American  Prayer  Books". 
To  these  subjects  he  has  given  an  almost  lifelong  study,  and 
has  spared  neither  time,  pains  nor  cash.  He  is  Rector  of  St. 
Paul's  Church,  St.  Paul,  where  Bishop  Thomas  was  Rector  at 
the  time  of  his  elevation  to  the  Episcopate.      Dr.  Wright    is  a 


mSTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


573 


man  of  deep  piety,  and  wide  reading,  who  is  showing  Americans 
that  in  the  West  something  more  can  be  done  than  make  ex- 
ceedingly good  railways  and  flour,  that  a  literature  can  be  made 
deserving  the  attention  of  America's  best  sons. 

The  Rev.  H.  P.  Nichols  is  Rector  of  St.  Mark's,  Minneapolis. 
He  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements  for  the 
General  Convention,  and  did  the  work  well.  He  is  a  graduate 
of  Harvard  University;  was  for  years  the  assistant  of  the  well 
known  Rev.  Dr.  Harwood,  Trinity  Parish,  New  Haven,  Con- 
necticut. Mr.  Nichols  is  a  man  of  tireless  energy,  and  \ery 
large  sympathies  with   all  the  aggressive  movements  within  the 


Hon.  E.  T.  Wilder. 


W.    H.    LiGHTNER. 


Church.  The  Swedish  work  in  Minnesota  has  had  in  him  a 
warm  and  generous  friend.  Mr.  Nichols  succeeded,  as  Rector 
of  St.  Mark's,  the  late  Rev.  T.  B.  Wells,  one  of  the  truest 
men  Minnesota  ever  had  in  the  ministry. 

Lay  Deputies:  Judge  E.  T.  Wilder,  of  Red  Wing,  who  has 
been  in  every  Convention  since  Bishop  Whipple  was  conse- 
crated. He  is  a  Layman  who  knows  the  Church  with  thorough- 
ness, in  its  ritual,  doctrine  and  law,  in  its  history  and  growth, 
and  never  loses  an  opportunity  to  serve  it.  He  looks  upon 
the  day  of  Bishop  Whipple's  elevation  to  the  Episcopate,  and  the 
fact  that  he  advocated  it,  as  one  of  the  most  blessed  in  his  life. 


574 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


Jud^c  Isaac  Atwatcr  is  an  old  settler  in  Minneapolis,  and  was 
at  the  Council  which  elected  Rev.  H.  B.  Whipple  Bishop.      He 

has  been  in  every  General  Con- 
vention but  one  since  that  time 
(he  was  in  Nevada  three  years;) 
sat  in  the  Supreme  Court  six 
years  in  Minnesota  and  has  writ- 
ten a  history  of  Minneapolis. 
The  Judge  was  a  lifelong  friend 
of  Bishop  Knickerbacker,  in 
whose  Parish  he  was,  and  still 
is.  He  was  first  Chairman  of 
the  Minnesota  Church  Club,  and 
is  a  Trustee  of  Mr.  Richard 
Martin's  will,  by  which  he  left 
practically  his  fortune  condi- 
tionally to  St.  Barnabas  Hospi- 
tal and  the  Sheltering  Arms. 
(Professor  W.  W.  Folwell  is  also 
a  Trustee.)  He  was  perhaps  the 
closest  friend  Mr.  Martin  ever 
had.  He  is  a  lawyer  of  large 
experience  and  extensive  know- 
ledge. No  Judge  on  the  bench 
of  Minnesota  ever  had  a  char- 
acter which  stands  higher  in 
ability  and  integrity  of  decisions 
than  Isaac  Atwater. 
Mr.  W.  H.  Lightner  is  a  communicant  of  Christ  Church 
Parish,  St.  Paul;  he  has  a  seat  on  many  of  the  Boards  and  import- 
ant Committees  in  the  Diocese.  He  is  a  comparatively  young 
man,  with  a  very  clear  mind.  He  is  ready  of  speech,  and  a 
good  reasoner.  That  he  is  a  loyal  and  useful  Churchman 
need  not  be  said,  when  the  facts  of  his  career  are  known. 

Mr.  C.  H.  Strobeck  lives  at  Litchfield,  and  is  a  very  active 
worker  in  Trinity  Parish  where  Rev.  N.   Ray  is  Rector. 

The  Diocese  of  Mississippi. 

The  Bishop  is  Hugh  Miller  Thompson,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D., 
who  in  many  ways  stands  alone  amongst  the  Bishops  of  the 
Church.  As  a  writer  his  style  is  unique  for  its  force  and  power. 
It  may  justly  be  said  on  one  side  to  rival  that  of  William 
Cobbett  and  on  the  other  the  transparent  clearness  of  Arch- 
deacon Paley.  No  man  is  less  imposed  upon  by,  or  sees  more 
cjuickly  through,  a  sophism  than  he.  Bishop  Thompson  as  a 
preacher  needs  no  praise  from  any  man.  His  services  to  the 
Church  on  lines  which  are  his  own  will  be  remembered  long 
after  he  is  with  the  generation  of  the  dead. 


Judge  Isaac  Atwater. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


575 


CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Venerable  Archdeacon  G.  C.  Harris,  S.  T.  D.,  is  a  member 
of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese,  Examining  Chaplain, 
and  Rector  of  the  Chapel  of  the  Cross,  Madison.  Rev.  Nowell 
Logan,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Vicksburg, 
Dean  of  Convocation,  and  Registrar  of  the  Diocese.  Rev.  Chas. 
Morris  is  Rector  of  Trinity  Parish,  Natchez.  Rev.  Ebenezer 
Thompson  is  Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Redeemer,  Biloxi,  and 
Dean  of  the  Convocation  of  Pass  Christian. 


Ven.  George  C.  Harris,  S.  T.  D. 


Rev.  Charles  Morris. 


The  Lay  Deputies  appointed  were:  Mr.  A.  C.  Leigh,  Mr. 
Charles  H.  Cocke,  Mr.  George  VV.  Howard,  and  Mr.  D.  P.  Porter. 

All  this  Deputation  are  brave  men,  who  are  upholding  the 
Church,  and,  with  men  and  women  of  like  mind,  are  teaching 
her  ways  and  worship  in  a  state  where  she  is  not  popular,  or 
relatively  strong. 

The  Diocese  of  Missouri. 

Rt.  Rev.  Daniel  Sylvester  Tuttle,  D.  D.,  is  a  man  who,  seen 
and  heard  if  only  once,  is  never  forgotten.  He  is  one  who, 
as  he  tells  with  honest  pride,  rose  from  the  ranks  of  working 
I)cople,  so-called,  but  he  never  worked  harder  than  now.  If 
you  want  to  know  what  a  man  he  is,  ask  those  men  \-ou  know 


Rt.  Rev.  Daniel  Sylvester  Tuttle,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


577 


to  be  virtuous  and  wise,  who  have  worked  with  him  and  under 
him  ;  judged  by  this  test,  Bishop  Tuttle  is  a  princely  man.  I 
have  heard  Rev.  Geo.  H.  Davis,  formerly  of  Wyoming,  now  a 
Priest  of  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota,  and  also  Bishop  Gilbert, 
formerly  of  Helena,  Mont.,  tell  with  perfect  glow  of  the  work 
Bishop  Tuttle  used  to  do  in  their  day,  and  how  he  did  it;  how 
he  was  a  father  to  his  Clergy  and  to  his  flock.  The  Bishop  is 
a  great  missionary — as  sturdy  as  an  oak,  as  gentle  as  a  child. 
No  man  has  wider  sympathies  than  he.  He  has  read  with 
great  care  on  a  wide  range  of  subjects,  and  is  a  classical 
scholar. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Stephen  H.  Green  was  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  ;  removed  to  Anniston,  Ala.,  where  he  is  Rector  of 
St.  Michael  and  All  Angels'  Church. 

Rev.  P.  G.  Robert  is  Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Holy 
Communion,  St.  Louis  ;  member  of  the  Standing  Committee, 
and  Examining  Chaplain. 

Rev.  Wm.  A.  Hatch  is  Rector  of  St.  Jude's  Church,  Monroe 
City,  and  is  Dean  of  the  Convocation  of  Hannibal. 

Rev.  Robert  A.  Holland, 
D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  George's 
Church,  St.  Louis. 

All  are  men  of  some  local 
and  growing  fame.  Rev.  Dr. 
Holland  is  known  through  the 
whole  American  Church  as  a 
brilliant  preacher  and  writer. 

Mr.  J  no.  R.  Triplett,  from 
Christ  Church  Cathedral,  St. 
Louis,  is  at  present,  and  has  been 
for  twenty-three  years.  Secretary 
of  the  Diocesan  Convention  of 
Missouri.  He  has  been  a  Depu- 
ty to  the  General  Convention  for 
fifteen  years  last  past;  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Chapter  of  Christ 
Church  Cathedral.  His  busi- 
ness is  that  of  fire  insurance,  and 
he  is  classed  as  one  of  the  pro- 
minent underwriters  of  St.  Louis. 
He  is  a  busy  man  who  has  time 
to  devote  to  Church  work,  and 
his  fidelity  to  every  trust  is  pro- 
joHN  R.  Triplett.  verbial  in  the  Diocese. 

The  Hon.  A.  A.  Lesueur,  of  Jefferson  City,  is  now  and  has 
been  for  several  terms  past  the  Secretary  of  the  State  of  Mis- 
souri.    He  has  been  a  Deputy  to  several  General  Conventions; 


578  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

is  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  one  of  the  prominent  citizens  of 
the  state. 

Mr.  Thos.  K.  Skinker  is  a  communicant  of  the  Church  of 
the  Ascension,  St.  Louis;  is  a  lawyer;  is  now  and  has  been 
for  some  years  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the 
Diocese.  He  has  been  a  Deputy  to  several  General  Conventions 
from  his  Diocese,  and  is  a  gentleman  who  stands  high  at  the 
bar  of  the  city  of  St.  Louis. 

Mr.  Frank  J.  McMaster,  from  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  St. 
Louis,  has  been  for  many  years  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of 
Missions  of  the  Diocese,  and  has  often  represented  the  Dio- 
cese in  General  Convention.  His  profession  is  that  of  law, 
and  he  enjoys  at  the  bar  the  confidence  to  which  he  is  so 
justly  entitled. 

The  esteem  given  in  Missouri  to  the  men  who  represented 
its  Church  in  the  Convention  of  1895,  ^^  Minneapolis,  is  well 
placed,  if  we  may  judge  by  the  way  they  impressed  all  who 
saw,  or  heard,  or  knew  them  here. 

The  Diocese  of  Nebraska. 

Rt.  Rev.  George  Worthington,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  a  New 
England  man  of  the  best  kind.  He  was  born  in  Lenox,  Mass., 
nearly  fifty-six  years  ago,  and  is  a  graduate  of  Hobart.  His 
fame  was  made  as  Rector  of  that  glorious  Parish,  St.  John's, 
Detroit,  Mich.  Here  for  seventeen  years  he  ministered  with  great 
acceptance,  and  twice  declined  a  Bishopric.  This  Parish  was 
begun  by  men  who  ardently  desired  to  do  the  Master's  work. 
I  was  told  in  Detroit,  by  my  friend,  Rev.  Joseph  Blanchard, 
then  Rector  of  St.  John's,  that  at  the  time  it  was  started  Mr. 
Baldwin  (afterwards  governor  of  the  state)  gave  a  third  of 
all  he  had  to  it.  Under  the  rectorate  of  Dr.  Worthington 
the  Parish  flourished  greatly,  and  its  many  good  works  are 
known  well  throughout  the  Church  at  large.  He  was  the 
second  time  elected  Bishop  of  Nebraska,  as  successor  of 
Bishop  Clarkson,  in  1885,  and  was  consecrated  in  St.  John's 
Church,  Detroit.  A  man  with  such  a  history  is  possessed  of 
exceptional  gifts.  Governor  Baldwin  said  of  him:  "He  is  one 
of  the  ablest  Rectors  I  ever  knew,  when  you  consider  the  many- 
sidedness  of  his  character."  The  Bishop  is  a  conservative 
High  Chuchman,  and  in  work  he  is  diligent  in  season  and  out 
of  season. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Clerical  Deputies:  The  Rev.  C.  H.  Gardner,  Chairman  of 
the  Deputation  from  Nebraska,  is  the  popular  Dean  of  Trinity 
Cathedral,  Omaha.  He  was  ordained  Deacon  and  Priest  by 
Bishop  Huntington,  of  Central  New  York.      He  had  held   two 


Rt.  Rev.  George  Worthington,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 


58o 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


Parishes  in  that  Diocese  very  successfully.  He  is  President  of 
the  Standing  Committee  and  Examining  Chaplain,  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Missions,  and  has  served  three  times  as  a  Deputy 
from  the  Diocese  of  Nebraska  to  the  General  Convention. 
He  was  one  of  the  prominent  candidates  for  the  Episcopate 
of  Kansas,  and  received  a  very  gratifying  evidence  of  his  pop- 
ularity in  the  Electing  Council.  He  received  his  education  at 
Trinity  College,  Hartford,  and  received  his  theological  education 
at  Nashotah  House,  Wis. 

Rev.  Robert  Doherty,  S.  T. 
D.,  was  born  in  Ireland,  and  at- 
tended a  Church  School  as  a 
boy  in  his  native  town;  migrat- 
ed to  Canada  in  i860;  gradu- 
ated from  the  Brantford  High 
School,  Ontario,  Canada,  in 
1866;  entered  the  Arts  course 
of  Trinity  University,  Toronto 
same  year;  graduated  from  the 
Arts  and  also  from  the  Divinity 
course,  and  was  ordained  Dea- 
con on  St.  Peter's  Day,  1872,  in 
St.  James'  Cathedral,  Toronto; 
was  ordained  to  the  priesthood 
in  the  same  place  on  St.  Luke's 
Day,  1873;  became  Assistant  of 
Trinity  Cathedral,  Omaha,  and 
Master  of  Brownell  Hall,  in 
April,  1875;  is  Rector  of  Brown- 
ell Hall  and  Canon  of  Trinity 
Cathedral.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Standing  Committee  of  the 
Diocese;  was  four  times  elected 
Deputy  to  the  General  Convention,  and  was  given  the  degree 
of  S.  T.  D.  by  Hobart  College  in  1885.  During  his  Rector- 
ship of  Brownell  Hall  the  grounds,  buildings,  and  equipments 
of  that  institution  have  been  acquired.  The  property  is  worth 
^165,000.00. 

Rev.  Arthur  E.  Marsh  is  a  native  of  England.  He  was  or- 
dained Deacon  in  1887  by  Bishop  Perry,  and  priest  by  Bishop 
Worthington  in  1889.  His  untiring  fidelity  to  duty  with  the 
self-sacrificing  devotion  of  a  faithful  missionary  has  won  for 
him  the  confidence  of  his  brethren.  He  is  one  of  the  District 
Presbyters  of  the  Diocese,  and  conscientiously  carries  out  the 
plan  which  was  proposed  by  the  Council  in  organizing  the 
Diocese  into  Missionary  Districts. 

Hon.  James  M.  Woolworth,  D.  C.  L.,  Chancellor  of  the 
Diocese  of  Nebraska,  is  a  prominent  lay  member  of  the  House 


Rev.  Robert  Doherty,  S 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.    •  58 1 

of  Deputies.  He  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York,  and  re- 
moved to  Nebraska  in  the  early  days  of  its  history.  He  was 
closely  identified  with  the  interests  of  the  Church  in  Omaha 
and  elsewhere  in  Nebraska  from  the  beginning,  and  served  on 
the  first  vestry  of  Trinity  Parish,  the  Mother  Church  of  the 
Diocese.  He  has  served  continuously  in  the  Flouse  of  Depu- 
ties all  the  time  Nebraska  has  had  representation,  and  for  many 
sessions  has  been  a  member  of  the  most  important  Committees, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Constitutions  and  Canons.  His 
prominence  as  a  jurist,  and  his  singular  familiarity  with  the 
Canon  Law,  entitled  him  to  that  position  in  the  counsels  of 
the  Church  which  he  has  filled  with  conscientious  fidelity.  He 
has  made  a  special  study  of  all  matters  relating  to  Cathedrals, 
having  written  a  valuable  book  pertaining  to  the  Cathedral 
system.  He  has  served  continuously  on  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee, and  on  the  Cathedral  Chapter.  He  received  from 
Trinity  College,  Toronto,  in  recognition  of  his  literary  ability 
and  prominence  in  the  work  of  the  Church,  the  degree  of  D.  C.  L. 
Messrs.  Albert  C.  Stowell  and  Theodore  Ringwalt,  who  were 
present,  as  well  as  Mr.  John  E.  Smith,  who  was  prevented  from 
attending,  are  among  the  prominent  laymen  of  the  Diocese,  and 
devotedly  interested  in  all  that  pertains  to  its  welfare.  To  Mr. 
J.  E.  Smith,  the  Treasurer  of  the  Diocesan  Theological  Education 
Fund,  the  Bishop  is  greatly  indebted  for  the  wisdom,  and  effort 
to  increase  it,  which  have  characterized  his  administration  of 
the  sacred  trust. 

The  Diocese  of  New  Hampshire. 

The  Diocesan  is  William  Woodruff  Niles,  D.  D.,  a  man  whom 
to  know  is  to  love.  He  is  at  once  flower  and  fruit  of  the  Christian 
religion,  lifted  up  far  abov^e  petty  pride  and  that  inflation  which 
has  often  been  known  to  come  to  men  in  high  office.  Bishop 
Niles  is  preeminently  a  man  amongst  men.  He  has  no  need 
to  be  distant  to  make  dignity  appear  enchanting.  Possessed  of 
qualities  of  head  and  of  heart  which  all  wise  men  respect,  he 
stands  for  exactly  what  he  is, —  a  scholar  of  wide  attainments. 
He  was  professor  of  Latin  language  and  literature  in  Trinity 
College  for  years,  a  position  he  not  only  filled  but  adorned.  I 
have  heard  the  late  Dr.  George  C.  Shattuck,  of  Boston,  than 
whom  no  man  knew  Bishop  Niles  better,  grow  enthusiastic  in 
his  praise.  They,  with  Dr.  Coit,  that  mighty  man  of  renown 
in  the  religious  educational  world,  made  St.  Paul's  School,  Con- 
cord, what  it  has  been  and  is.  The  Diocese  of  New  Hampshire 
has  none  of  the  glamour  of  Western  work,  where  population 
comes  in  like  a  flood,  but  under  the  patient,  devout,  wise,  faith- 
ful, and  able  direction  of  its  Bishop,  it  is  a  power  in  New 
England.      The    Bishop    is  in  the  sixty-fourth  year   of   his  age 


Rt.  Rev.  William  Woodruff  Niles,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  583 

and  the  twenty-sixth  of  his  Episcopate,  but  his  eye  is  not  dim, 
his  force  has  not  abated. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Rev.  Daniel  C.  Roberts,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Concord.  He  is  President  of  the  Standing  Committee 
and  Examining  Chaplain,  and  is  one  of  the  most  influential 
Clergymen  in  New  Hampshire. 

The  Rev.  Edward  Renouf,  D.  D.,  is  one  of  the  most  inter- 
esting men  in  the  Convention.  He  is  intimately  acquainted 
with  men  and  times  which  are  either  historic  or  very  rapidly 
becoming  so.  He  knew  Bishop  Whipple  before  he  was  in  Holy 
Orders,  and  has  known  well  many  men  now  in  Paradise  whose 
names  are  a  heritage  of  blessing  to  American  Churchmen.  Dr. 
Renouf's  face  lights  up  as  he  tells  of  the  giants  and  mission- 
aries of  days  gone  by.  The  Doctor  is  in  touch  with  the  world's 
new  day,  and  knows  the  gospel  in  the  Church  will  meet  those 
needs. 

Rev.  Henry  E.  Cooke  is  Rector  of  Grace  Church,  Manchester, 
N.  H.,  and  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Diocesan 
Board  of  Missions.     He  is  a  man  of  varied  power. 

The  Rev.  Lucius  Waterman,  D.  D.,  Laconia,  is  an  ecclesias- 
tical historian  of  considerable  attainments,  a  man  of  books  and 
contemplation,  a  High  Churchman,  and  a  manly  man. 

Lay  Deputies:  John  L.  Farwell,  of  Claremont,  N.  H.,  has 
been  Deputy  over  twenty  years;  has  also  held  important  offices 
in  the  Diocese,  and  is  one  of  the  most  influential  laymen  in  the 
state.  Mr.  Josiah  Carpenter,  Mr.  Simon  G.  Griffin,  and  Mr. 
Charles  A.  Tufts  were  the  other  members  of  the  deputation. 
They  all  are  men  of  solid  worth  and  influence,  or  they  would 
not  represent  a  Diocese  where  Bishop  Niles  is  Diocesan. 

Diocese  of  New  Jersey. 

New  Jersey  as  a  Diocese  is  not  in  the  Western  States  as  well 
known  as  some  of  the  Dioceses  in  the  Eastern  States  are,  or  as 
it  deserves  to  be.  It  has  in  Clergy,  135  Churches  and  Mis- 
sions, and  about  15,100  communicants.  The  Bishop  is  the  Rt. 
Rev.  John  Scarborough,  D.  D.  He  is  an  Englishman  by  birth, 
but  his  education  was  at  Trinity  College,  Conn.,  and  the  General 
Seminary  in  New  York.  His  whole  Clerical  and  Episcopal  life 
has  been  spent  in  the  states  of  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  and 
New  Jersey,  where  he  is  known  as  a  man  of  high  character  and 
capable  of  taking  the  greatest  pains  in  all  his  work.  The 
administration  of  Bishop  Scarborough  will  be  remembered  for 
its  prudence,  vigor  and  diligence,  and  sound  evangelical  teaching. 


Rt.  Rev.  John  Scarborough,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  585 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  Alfred  B.  Baker,  D.  D., 
Rector  of  Trinity  Parish,  Princeton,  President  of  the  Standing 
Committee,  and  Rural  Dean.  Rev.  Otis  A.  Glazebrook,  D.  D., 
Rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  P^lizabeth  (the  Parish  in  which 
Rev.  Dr.  Langford  was  formerly  Rector),  the  largest  Parish  in 
the  Diocese.  Rev.  Charles  H.  Hibbard,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St. 
Mary's  Church,  Burlington,  a  historic  Parish;  here  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Hills  ministered  for  very  many  years.  He  is  Examining  Chap- 
lain. Rev.  George  W.  Watson,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  Trinity  Church, 
Swedesboro.  These  Clergymen  are  all  men  who  have  given 
ample  proof  of  Divine  call  to  the  priesthood,  and  their  works 
have  been  honored  of  God  in  the  salvation  of  very  many  souls. 
They  take  special  interest  in  the  missionary  work  of  the  Church, 
and  in  its  educational  institutions.  All  are  scholarly  men  and 
Doctors  in  Divinity,  as  well  as  preachers  of  high  repute. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were  as  thoroughly  representative  men  as 
could  be  found  from  any  Diocese.  Mr.  John  N.  Carpender  is 
Treasurer  of  the  Episcopal  Fund,  and  a  man  revered  for  his 
high  character.  Mr.  Clifford  S.  Sims  is  in  New  Jersey  well 
known  for  his  devotion  to  the  Church  and  public  good.  Mr. 
Howard  Richards  and  Mr.  Richard  S.  Conover  are  on  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  of  the  Diocese.  All  are  well-trained  Church- 
men, who  know  what  they  believe  and  why,  and  are  zealous 
for  the  faith  "as  this  Church  has  received  it." 

Diocese  of  New  York. 

The  Diocese  of  New  York  is  rich  in  historic  memories,  great 
in  every  kind  of  religious  work,  and  generous  to  all  needy 
Church  enterprise  outside  its  own  borders.  Its  Bishop  is  the 
Rt.  Rev.  Henry  C.  Potter,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  a  man  who 
has  received  degrees  from  three  of  the  leading  universities  of 
the  world— Harvard  (U.  S.  A.),  Oxford  and  Cambridge,  Eng- 
land. He  is  the  son  of  the  eminent  Bishop  Potter,  of  Penn- 
sylvania; and  Bishop  Potter,  of  New  York,  whom  he  succeeded 
in  the  Episcopate,  was  his  uncle.  A  man  with  such  connections 
must  have  had  every  opportunity  for  culture  and  service.  It 
is  simple  truth  as  well  as  high  praise  to  say  Bishop  Potter  is 
in  all  respects  worthy  the  traditions  of  the  family  name  he 
bears.  Gifted  he  is,  with  a  clear  mind,  a  broad,  calm  judgment, 
a  reverential  spirit,  wide  sympathies,  and  a  capacity  for  hard, 
incessant  work.  He  is  in  sympathy  with  the  wage  earners, 
whose  trials  he  well  understands;  he  is  faithful  in  his  dealings 
with  their  employers,  whose  respect  he  has,  and  he  is  fearless  in 
the  path  of  duty.  All  these  gifts  and  graces  make  him  a  great 
Bishop.       His  Diocese  gives    him    a    large    field    which    he    fills 


Rt.  Rev.  Henry  Codman  Potter,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONl'ENTION.  587 

with  fidelity  and  success.  As  a  preacher,  Bishop  Potter  was 
well  known  when  Rector  of  Grace  Church,  New  York,  and 
since  his  elevation  to  the  Episcopate  he  has  increased  his  fame. 
The  Church  has  good  reason,  in  this  case,  to  thank  God  for 
giving  such  gifts  to  men  as  those  given  to  Bishop  Potter.  He 
has  written  much;  some  ten  volumes  of  his  works  are  described 
in  publishers'  catalogues. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Morgan  Dix,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  has  been  spoken  of  in  other 
places;  little  needs  be  written  here.  Trinity  Parish,  New  York, 
has  large  endowments,  but  not  nearly  so  large  as  is  often  reported. 
It  keeps  a  large  staff  of  Vicars  and  Assistant  Clergy;  has 
chapels,  hospitals,  schools  of  nearly  all  kinds,  employment 
agencies  and  beneficent  enterprises  of  many  sorts.  Trinity  Parish 
is  a  providence  for  thousands  of  poor  below  Fourteenth  Street, 
New  York,  and  no  Parish  in  all  the  land  is  better  managed.  The 
fame  of  Rev.  Morgan  Dix  will  last  as  long  as  knowledge  of 
New  York  Churchmanship  in  the  latter  part  of  the  19th  cen- 
tury is   known.     (See  page  511.) 

Rev.  Eugene  A,  Hoffman,  D.  D.,  has  been  spoken  of  at 
length  in  connection  with  the  General  Seminary  report  in  this 
history.      (See  page  388.) 

Rev.  William  R.  Huntington,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L.,  is  Rector  of  Grace 
Church,  New  York,  where  he  succeeded  Bishop  Potter.  He  is 
a  man  of  the  very  widest  culture;  in  him  may  be  seen  not 
alone  all  that  is  best  in  New  England  training,  but  that  best 
enriched  by  wide  travel,  keen  observation,  and  extensive  read- 
ing. He  has  made  a  special  study  of  liturgies  and  ecclesias- 
tical history.  On  the  Committee  for  the  Revision  of  the  Prayer 
Book,  set  forth  by  the  authority  of  the  Convention  of  i8q2,  he 
did  service  which  will  connect  his  name  with  that  great  work 
for  all  time.  Dr.  Huntington  is  interested  in  all  the  problems 
of  city  life,  has  a  school  for  the  training  of  deaconesses  and 
many  other  valuable  agencies  for  the  uplifting  of  men.  Grace 
Chapel  is  a  lasting  monument  to  the  Christian  zeal  and  generos- 
ity of  Grace  Parish,  and  its  Rector,  Dr.  Huntington,  is  considered 
one  of  the  foremost  preachers  in  the  Church,  and  a  leading  advo- 
cate of  Church  Unity.     (Photo  on  page  354.) 

Rev.  David  H.  Greer,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Bartholomew's 
Church,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  which  he  went  from  a 
brilliant  and  long  rectorate  in  Grace  Church,  Providence,  R.  I. 
In  his  present  field,  God  has  wrought  wonders  by  his  hand; 
St.  Bartholomew's  is  reputed  to  be  one  of  the  wealthiest 
parishes  in  Christendom.  It  would  be  easy  for  its  Rector  to 
settle  in  fashionable  luxury  and  routine.  Not  so;  Dr.  Greer 
has  everyone  at  work  for  the  poor,  the  sad,  the  unfortunate, 
and  helpless.     Mr.  Cornelius  Vanderbilt,  and  other  members  of 


588  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

the  Vanderbilt  family,  are  understood  to  have  given  over  half 
a  million  dollars  to  build  and  fit  up  the  mission  house  which  is 
one  great  hive  of  Christian  activity.  Dr.  Greer  is  a  preacher 
of  the  highest  eminence  in  the  ranks  of  the  clergy;  was  called 
to  succeed  Rev.  Phillips  Brooks  in  Boston,  but  declined.  He 
is  an  evangelical  Churchman,  with  ardent  desires  to  see  all  men 
come  closer  together  in  Christian  work.  The  Diocese  of  New 
York  has  not  four  Clergymen  in  it  of  more  devout  spirit,  of 
larger  service  or  greater  renown,  than  those  who  represented  it 
in  the  Convention  at  Minneapolis.     (See  page  304.) 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  Stephen  P.  Nash,  who  is  a 
great  lawyer,  a  warden  of  Trinity  Church,  and  a  member  of 
the  corporation.  He  was  the  founder  of  the  New  York  Bar 
Association  in  1863,  and  was  its  president  in  1880.  He  received 
the  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Trinity  College,  Hartford,  and  also 
from  Columbia,  N.  Y.,  of  which  college  he  is  a  trustee.  During 
his  stay  in  Minneapolis,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Dix  said  to  the  writer, 
"Mr.  Nash  is  a  very  able  man,  indeed,  and  one  of  the  most 
upright  men  I  ever  knew."  Mr.  Nash  is,  and  long  has  been,  a 
prominent  figure  in  General  Conventions,  and  a  member  of 
important  committees;  his  opinions  always  command  respect. 
(See  page  407.) 

Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan  has  been  spoken  of  in  regard  to 
what  his  honored  father,  Mr.  Junius  S.  Morgan,  had  been  to, 
and  done  for,  Bishop  Whipple's  work  (see  Visit  to  Faribault), 
so  little  need  be  said  here.  Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan  is  very 
rich;  what  is  very  much  better,  he  has  a  warm  heart  and  a 
generous  hand.  Much  that  he  does  is  known  of  necessity, 
much  never  will  be  known  by  the  general  public.  He  is  an 
official  in  St.  George's  Church,  of  which  Rev.  Dr.  Rainsford  is 
Rector;  built  its  parish  house,  and  has  given  largely  to  the 
Parish  Endowment  Fund;  has  helped  effectually  the  great 
Trades  School,  for  which  that  glorious  man,  Mr.  R.  Auchmuty, 
did  so  much,  and  hundreds  of  other  enterprises  he  has  helped. 
No  man  in  America  is  busier  than  Mr.  Morgan.  Few  are  in 
his  line  as  able,  but  he  has  time  to  worship  God,  go  to  church, 
and  help  to  do  its  business,  to  be  interested  in  the  black  man 
in  the  South,  the  prairie  farmer  in  the  West,  and  the  attendant 
of  the  Fourth  Ave.  Mission  in  New  York;  in  these  he  is  as 
much  interested  as  in  banks  and  banking.  The  value  of  such 
an  example  to  the  Church  and  to  the  world  of  business  is  not 
to  be  told  in  the  words  of  men. 

Mr.  W.  Bayard  Cutting  was  a  Deputy,  but  owing  to  serious 
sickness  in  his  family  could  not  attend.  He,  with  his  brother, 
Mr.  R.  Fulton  Cutting,  is  actively  engaged  in  many  kinds  of 
Church  work,  and  his  absence  from  the  Convention  was  a 
matter  of  general  regret. 


J.  PiERPONT  Morgan. 


590  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

Mr.  Francis  L.  Stetson  is  a  prominent  man  in  the  Church 
of  the  Incarnation,  New  York,  of  which  the  Rev.  Arthur 
Brooks,  D.  D.,  was  so  long  the  Rector.  Mr.  Stetson  was  a 
warm  friend  of  the  Doctor.  He  is  well  known  for  his  work 
in  his  own  Parish,  in  the  Diocese,  and  for  his  sympathy  with 
the  general  work  of  the  Church. 

Diocese  of  Newark. 

The  Diocese  of  Newark  is  part  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey. 
It  has  an  area  of  2,800  square  miles,  and,  being  compact,  in- 
volves little  travel  on  the  part  of  the  Bishop  in  comparison 
with  the  large  areas  over  which  most  of  the  Western  Bishops 
have  to    travel. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  Alfred  Starkey,  D.  D.,  has  been  Dio- 
cesan sixteen  years,  in  which  time  the  Church  has  had  large 
growth.  Bishop  Starkey  is  an  unobtrusive  man,  who  looks 
calmly  at  all  questions  and  views  them  in  their  relation  to  the 
faith  as  the  Church  teaches  it.  He  has  had  large  experience 
as  Rector,  and  as  Bishop.  Those  who  know  him  well  hold  him 
in  veneration  because  of  his  devotion  to  his  work,  his  personal 
piety,  and  earnestness  in  all  the  beneficent  activities  of  the 
Church. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  George  S.  Bennitt,  B,  D.,  Assistant  Minister  in  St. 
Peter's  Church,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  from  1873  to  '75 !  Rector  of 
All  Saints'  Church,  Dorchester,  Boston,  Mass.,  from  1875  ^^  '87; 
Rector  of  Grace  Church,  Jersey  City,  1887,  where  he  now  is; 
President  of  Christ  Hospital,  Jersey  City;  President  of  the  Board 
of  Missions  of  the  Diocese,  and  has  been  a  Deputy  to  three 
General  Conventions. 

Rev.  George  M.  Christian,  D.  D.,  Assistant  Minister  in  Phil- 
adelphia, in  the  Parishes  of  St.  James',  St.  Peter's,  and  St.  Mark's, 
1874  to  '80;  Rector  Grace  Church,  Newark,  1880,  where  he  now 
is;  Examining  Chaplain  of  the  Diocese,  and  a  manager  of  the 
General  Board  of  Domestic  and  Foreign  Missions.  He  has 
been  a  Deputy  to  three  General  Conventions. 

Rev.  Millidge  Walker,  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Lime  Rock, 
Conn.,  1877  to  '85;  Rector  of  St.  Paul's,  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  1885 
to  '90;  Rector  of  St.  Paul's,  Newark,  1890,  where  he  is  now. 
He  is  Archdeacon  of  Newark.  A  member  of  the  Convention 
for  the  first  time. 

Rev.  F.  B.  Carter,  Rector  of  St.  George's  Church,  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  1876  to  '84;  Rector  of  St.  Luke's  Church,  Montclair,  where 
he  now  is;  member  of  the  Diocesan  Board  of  Missions.  A  mem- 
ber of  the  General  Convention  for  the  first  time. 

Lay  Deputies:  Mr.  Cortlandt  Parker,  LL.  D.,  Warden  of 
Trinity  Church,  Newark.      One  of  the   leading   lawyers   of   the 


Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  Alfred  Starkey,  D.  D. 


592 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


State.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  General  Convention  for 
a  long  time,  both  from  Newark,  and  before  that  from  the  un- 
divided Diocese  of  New  Jersey.  Mr.  Alfred  Mills,  Warden  of 
St.  Peter's  Church,  Morristown;  member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee. Mr.  Henry  Hayes,  Warden  of  Grace  Church,  Newark; 
Treasurer  of  the  Diocesan  Board  of  Missions;  member  of  the 
Standing  Committee;  Trustee  of  the  General  Theological 
Seminary.  He  has  been  a  Deputy  to  four  General  Conventions. 
Mr.  John  B.  Van  Wagenen,  Warden  of  All  Saints'  Church, 
Orange,  and  one  of  the  leading  laymen  of  the  Diocese.  A 
member  of  the  Convention  for  the  first  time. 

The  Deputies  from  Newark  supply  a  good  illustration  of 
what  is  often  forgotten.  The  Clerical  members  are  men  of 
solid  worth;  two  have  had  experiences  in  three  Conventions. 
In  the  Lay  Deputation  are  three  men,  one  of  whom  has  served 
four  times,  Mr.  Hayes;  and  two  more  than  four,  they  are  vet- 
rans,  Mr.  Mills  and  Mr.  Parker.  These  men  have  a  weight  and 
an  influence  no  new  member  can  have;  with  them  is  Mr.  Van 
Wagenen  who  is  a  worthy  comrade  in  Convention  service.  Of 
such  men  as  the  above  named,  it  is  just  such  combination  of 
experience  and  of  energy  which  gives  both  sail  and  ballast  and 
makes  the  Convention  conservative  and  progressive. 

The  Diocese  of  North  Carolina. 

North  Carolina  State  has 
two  Dioceses  and  a  Mis- 
sionary Jurisdiction,  called 
Asheville.  The  Diocesan 
of  North  Carolina  is  the 
Rt.  Rev.  Joseph  Blount 
Cheshire,  D.  D.,the  son^of 
a  Clergyman.  He  has  seen 
and  enjoyed  hard  service 
long  before  he  was  thought 
of  for  Bishop,  and  it  was 
the  way  he  did  that  service 
which  made  him  Bishop. 
He  is  forty-six  years  old, 
in  his  very  prime.  The 
Diocese  has  71  Clergy,  128 
Parishes  and  Missions,  and 
about  5,400  communicants; 
it  has  a  good  Samaritan 
Hospital  for  colored  peo- 
ple, a  school  for  young 
ladies,  a  Normal  School,  a 
Collegiate  School,  and  an 
joHNWiLKEs.  Orphanage   and    Training 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


593 


Institute,  in  all  of  which  the  Bishop  takes  great  interest,  as  well 
as  in  the  forward  work  of  the  Church. 


CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 


The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  Jarvis  Buxton,  D.  D., 
Rector  of  St.  James'  Church,  with  two  Chapels,  Lenoir.  Rev. 
M.  M.  Marshall,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Raleigh;  Presi- 
dent of  the  Diocesan  Convention;  President  of  the  Standing 
Committee,  and  Examining  Chaplain.     Rev.  Francis  J.  Murdock, 


Silas  McBee. 

D.  D.,  one  of  the  Rectors  of  the  Associate  Mission,  Salisbury; 
Dean  of  the  Convocation  of  Salisbury,  and  Examinmg  Chaplain. 
Rev.  McNeely  DuBose,  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Asheville. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  Silas  McBee,  who  is  a  great 
St.  Andrew's  Brotherhood  worker,  and  is  well  known  for  his 
interest  in  the  educational  institutions  in  the  South.  He  is  a 
good  speaker  and  is  heard  always  with  attention.  To  him  and 
the  other  members  of  the  Deputation  much  credit  is  due  for 
the  setting  off  of  Asheville  as  a  Missionary  Jurisdiction.  Mr. 
Richard  H.   Battle  is  a  resident  of   Raleigh,    and    is    a    member 


594 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


of  the  Standing  Committee.  Mr.  John  Wilkes  is  an  influential 
citizen  of  Charlotte,  where  everyone  knows  him  as  a  loyal  Church- 
man, whose  voice  is  ever  given  for  Church  progress.       His  wife 


Richard  H.  Battle. 


is  President  of  the  Good  Samaritan  Hospital,  and  he  is  in 
sympathy  with  her  work.  Mr.  Samuel  S.  Nash  is  active  in  all 
Church  work  at  Taraboro,  and  in  the  Diocesan  work. 


The  Diocese  of  Ohio. 

Ohio  is  the  home  of  influential  men,  both  in  Church  and 
state.  Here  the  Diocesan  is  the  Rt.  Rev.  William  Andrew 
Leonard,  D.  D.,  who  succeeded  Bishop  Bedell.  He  is  in  the 
fortieth  year  of  his  age  and  has  behind  him  a  past  full  of 
achievement,  and  a  future  before  him,  as  far  as  any  man  can 
see,  full  of  promise  and  possibility.  All  who  know  him  well, 
know  the  transparency  of  his  character.  In  him  is  no  guile. 
He  was  twice  chosen  Bishop  before  he  went  to  Ohio.  As 
Rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  Washington,  D.  C,  he  was  very 
popular;  the  frankness  of  the  man,  his  wise  breadth,  and  his 
holy  life,  as  well  as  his  ability,  made  him  a  man  of  mark. 
His  life  has  been  busy,  but  he  is  a  scholar  of  varied  acquisi- 
tion.      His  lectures  to  the  Church  Club  of  New   York,    on   the 


Rt.  Rev.  William  Andrew  Leonard,  D.  D. 


596 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


"Council  of  Chalcadon,"  has  received  high  commendation  from 
men  whose  praise  is  fame.  He  has  written  a  brief  history  of 
the  Christian  Church  which  has  had  four  editions;  all  his  other 
works  have  had  the  stamp  of  public  approval.  Bishop  Leonard 
would  be  a  man  of  mark  anywhere;  he  is  a  preacher  whose 
power  is  acknowledged  by  men  of  every  school  of  thought. 

CLERICAL   AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  Cyrus  S.  Bates,  D.  D., 
Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church.  Cleveland;  President  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committee,  and  Chancellor  of  the  Cathedral  Chapter.  Rev. 
Charles  S.  Aves  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  church,  Norwalk,  and 
Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  H.  W.  Jones,  D.  D.,  is  Professor 
in  Kenyon  College,  Gambler.  Rev.  E.  W.  Worthington  is 
Rector  of  Grace  Church,  Cleveland;  a  member  of  the  Standing 
Committee,  and  one  of  the  Assistant  Secretaries  of  the  General 
Convention. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  Samuel  Mather,  Mr.  F.  B. 
Swayne,  Mr.  J.  O.  Moss,  and  Mr.  Thomas  M.  Sloane,  all  in  the 
truest  sense  representative  men. 


Rt. 


The  Diocese  of  Oregon. 

Rev.  Benjamin  Wistar  Morris,  D.    D.,    has  been  at  work 

in  Oregon  more  than  twenty- 
seven  years,  and  has  laid 
foundations  wide  and  deep  for 
a  work  far  greater  in  the  future 
than  a  casual  observer  would 
surmise.  His  whole  ministerial 
life,  up  to  the  time  he  was  con- 
secrated Bishop,  was  lived  in 
Pennsylvania.  He  has  always 
had  the  reputation  of  being 
absolutely  devoted  to  his  work, 
and  in  it  has  been,  as  all  faith- 
ful men  are,  blessed.  In  states 
like  Oregon,  where  population 
is  scarce,  few  dwellers  in  popu- 
lous states  know  the  difficulties 
of  Church  work,  and  fewer  ap- 
preciate the  value  of  work  done, 
in  an  early  day,  by  such  men 
as  Bishop  Morris  and  his  faith- 
ful Clergy  and  Laity,  but  other 
men  in  future  times  will  value  it 

Rev.  Charles  Booth.  as  it  deserves. 


Rt.  Rev.  Benjamin  Wistar  Morris,  D.  D. 


598  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

CLERICAL   AND    LAY    DEPUTIES 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  W.  E.  Potwine,  Rector 
of  the  Church  of  the  Redeemer,  Pendleton,  and  member  of  the 
Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese.  Rev.  George  B.  Van 
Waters,  Rector  of  St.  David's  Church,  Portland,  and  President 
of  the  Standing  Committee.  Rev.  William  S.  Short,  Rector  of 
Holy  Innocents  and  Grace  Churches,  Astoria;  member  of  the 
Standing  Committee,  and  Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  Charles 
Booth,  Rector  of  Rt.  Stephen's  Memorial  Church,  Newport, 
Mr.  Booth  did  Apostolic  service  for  fifteen  years  in  Minnesota 
before  he  went  to  Oregon,  and  his  name  is  still  fragrant  in  all 
the  Northern  part  of  that  state. 

The  Lay  Deputies  appointed  were:  Mr.  J.  D.  Letcher,  Mr. 
John  McCracken,  Mr.  S.  H.  Gruber,  and  Jay  Tuttle,  M.  D. 
These  men,  with  others  of  like  mind,  will  be  known  as  pioneers 
of  the  Church  in  Oregon,  when  the  historian  tells  the  story  of 
the  Genesis  of  that  state  and  Diocese. 

The  Diocese  of  Pennsylvania. 

The  Diocese  in  which  the  Rt.  Rev.  Ozi  William  Whitaker, 
D,  D.,  is  Bishop  has  a  glorious  history,  and  its  present  work 
and  workers  are  worthy  the  noblest  traditions  of  the  past. 
What  fair  pictures  rise  to  view  as  one  thinks  of  this  historic 
Diocese,  where  Bishop  White,  the  first  Diocesan,  served;  a  man 
who  in  religious  statesmanship  was  as  great  as  Washington, 
Lincoln  or  Gladstone  in  political  statesmanship.  To  his 
deep  insight  into  needs  and  prospective  requirements  of  the 
Church,  he  added  a  life  of  the  highest  spirituality.  Bishop 
Whitaker  is  the  fifth  in  a  line  of  illustrious  men,  and  in  some 
respects  he  is,  at  least,  equal  to  the  most  brilliant  of  them;  a 
man  of  single  aim,  perfect  guileness  and  self-sacrificing  spirit. 
He  sees  clearly  into  the  very  heart  of  the  Gospel  of  Christ, 
and  "Joys  as  men  joy  who  find  spoil"  in  telling  the  children  of 
men  its  glad  tidings.  His  words  are  a  perfect  mirror  of  him- 
self, warm,  pure,  clear,  orderly,  earnest,  and  direct;  his  relations 
to  his  Clergy  are  close  and  sympathetic;  to  his  Laity  he  is 
confidential  and  helpful,  and  under  his  supervision  the  Church 
is  growing  rapidly.  A  remarkable  testimony  was  given  to  this 
fact,  not  long  ago,  by  an  eminent  Presbyterian  Layman  of  Phil- 
adelphia, Mr.  John  Wanamaker,  in  a  public  speech  of  the  most 
eulogistic  kind.  Eor  effective  Church  work  the  Diocese  is  in 
the  very  front  rank  in  America. 

clerical  and  lay  deputies. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  William  N.  McVickar, 
D.    D.,   the  Rector  of  Trinity    Parish,    Philadelphia,   where,    for 


Rt.  Rev.  Ozi  William  Whitaker,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


6oo 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century,  he  has  ministered  with  ef- 
fectiveness and  growing  fame.  Trinity  has  a  large  number  of 
influential  families  whose  members  love  the  Church  with  warm, 
tender  love,  and  who  are  ever  ready  to  give  personal  service 
to  all  its  interests.  No  Parish  in  all  the  land  has  a  warmer 
interest  in  Missions,  few,  if  any,  do  more  for  them.  Dr.  Mc- 
Vickar  preached  one  of  the  exeptionally  great  sermons  preached 
during  the  Convention,  at  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Minneapolis, 
on  "The  Capacity  of  the  Human  Mind  for  Divine  Inspiration." 
It  deserved  to  be  ranked  with  the   great   sermons    of   any  age 


Rev.  William  N.  McVickar,  D.  D. 


Rev.  Joseph  N.  Blanchard,  D.  D. 


The  Rev.  John  Fulton,  D.  D-,  is  editor  of  the  Church  Stand- 
ard; a  brilliant  writer  on  all  matters  connected  with  Church 
work,  and  history;  a  high  authority  on  Canon  Law,  and  a 
preacher  who  has  filled  one  of  the  leading  pulpits  in  every 
Diocese  in  which  he  has  ministered.  All  he  says  and  all  he 
does  is  marked  by  perfect  candor  and  kindness.  He  has  had 
a  seat  in  the  Convention  as  Deputy  from  several  Dioceses. 
His  views  on  Church  order  and  law  always  command  the  great- 
est respect.  His  criticisms  and  explanations  of  the  proposed 
changes  in  the  Constitutions  and  Canons  were  of  great  value  in 
the  Convention  of  1895. 

Rev.  Joseph  N.  Blanchard,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  James' 
Church,  Philadelphia.      He  resigned  the  Rectorate  of  St.  John's 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  6oi 

Church,  Detroit,  Mich.,  to  go  there.  In  St.  James',  Bishop 
Nichols,  of  California,  had  been  greatly  blessed.  Mr.  Blanchard 
is  in  the  prime  of  life;  has  had  large  experience  in  parochial 
work  in  Churches  of  renown. 

Rev  J.  Lewis  Parks,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Peter's  Church, 
Philadelphia.  He  is  a  man  with  a  very  bright  mind,  well 
stored  with  knowledge  and  replete  with  wisdom  gained  in  the 
school  of  experience;  he  is  a  fluent  speaker  who  knows  when 
to  speak,  where  to  stop,  and  when  it  is  wiser  to  keep  silent 
than  to  speak,  all  of  which  qualify  him  for  the  filling  of  the 
places  of  trust  his  fellow  Churchmen  place  in  his  hands.  Such 
is  the  Rector  of  St.  Peter's  Church,  Philadelphia,  where  Bishop 
Davis  preceded  him  in  the  Rectorate. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  George  C.  Thomas,  of  whom 
particular  mention  has  been  made  in  report  of  Sunday  School 
work,  in  this  history.  He  is  a  Layman  whose  abilities  are  all 
used  in  teaching  the  young,  and  in  this  work  he  is  one  of  the 
most  capable  and  influential  men  in  this  age.  The  American 
Church  is  his  debtor.  Mr.  James  S.  Biddle  is  a  prominent  man 
in  Trinity  Parish,  Philadelphia,  where,  with  the  late  Lemuel 
Coffin,  one  of  the  very  prominent  Deputies  in  the  General 
Convention,  he  labored  many  years.  Mr.  Biddle  is  familiar, 
from  long  acquaintance,  with  the  work  of  the  General  Conven- 
tion; he  watches  with  a  practiced  eye  and  alert  mind  all  that 
is  done.  He  is  a  most  active  worker  in  the  Diocese,  and  is  a 
member  of  its  Standing  Committee.  Mr.  J.  Vaughan  Merrick 
is  an  honored  name  wherever  known;  he  has  taken  a  vital  part 
in  the  work  of  St.  Timothy's  Hospital,  Roxborough,  of  which 
he  is  Treasurer,  and  to  which  he  has  given  liberal  gifts,  and 
long  personal  services  on  its  Board  and  in  other  ways.  He  is 
an  advocate  of  the  free  church  plan.  There  is  not  space  to 
tell  of  all  he  has  done  and  is  doing  for  the  Church.  Mr.  Francis 
A.  Lewis  is  the  youngest  man  in  the  deputation,  but  he  is  making 
a  record  worthy  the  name  he  bears.  The  Lewis  family  have 
been  connected  with,  and  generous  contributors  to,  as  w^ell  as 
workers  in,  St.  Peter's  Parish.  Mr.  F.  A.  Lewis  has  filled  posts 
of  honor  in  the  Diocese,  and  has  been  found  faithful  to  every 
trust,  and  his  ability  has  never  been  questioned.  Honors  wait 
for  such  men. 

The  Diocese  of  Pittsburg. 

The  Diocese  was  erected  in  1865  and  has  had  two  Bishops, 
the  Rt.  Rev.  John  B.  Kerfoot,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D.,  and  the  present 
Diocesan,  Rt.  Rev.  Cortlandt  Whitehead,  S.  T.  D.,  who  has  been 
in  office  since  1882.  He  is  a  conservative  Churchman,  diligent  at 
all  times,  deeply  interested  in  hospital  work.  Chaplain  of  St. 
Barnabas  Guild  of  Nurses.  All  remedial  work,  of  whatever 
kind,  finds    in    him    a    friend.      At    the    time    of   the   Johnstown 


602 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


flood  he  greatly  distinguished  himself  by  the  interest  he  took 
and  the  help  he  secured  for  the  sufferers  by  that  terrible  dis- 
aster. He  is  a  man  of  peace,  who  believes  that  honest  work, 
nobly  and  quietly  done,  can  never  fail  of  its  just  results. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  Alfred  W.  Arundel,  D. 
D.,  Rev.  James  H.  B.  Brooks,  Rev.  Robert  W.  Grange,  and 
Rev.  Laurens  McLure. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr. 
Hill  Burgwin,  who  is  a  leader 
in  the  Convention.  He  had  the 
honor  of  seeing  two  of  his  sons 
Deputies,  and  also  a  brother-in- 
law.  Mr.  Burgwin  is  a  lawyer 
who  has  given  life- long  study 
to  Church  Law,  and  has  for  a 
long  time  been  on  important 
committees  of  the  Convention. 
He  is  one  of  the  men  who  has 
charge  of  the  revision  of  the 
Constitution  and  Canons.  He 
is  connected  with  the  Church  of 
the  Good  Shepherd,  Pittsburg. 
Mr.  James  W.  Brown  is  Senior 
Warden  of  Calvary  Church, 
Pittsburg,  in  all  whose  many 
good  works  he  takes  a  part; 
this  is  the  largest  Parish  in  the 
Diocese.  Mr.  George  C.  Burg- 
win is  Senior  Warden  of  the 
Parish  of  the  Good  Shepherd, 
Pittsburg.  He  walks  in  the 
ways  of  his  father,  and  will  in- 
crease the  good  traditions  of  the 
family  name  he  bears.  Mr.  John  W.  Reynolds  is  Senior  Warden 
of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Erie.  He  is  a  man  of  few  words,  but  of 
very  good  judgment.  He  knows  the  Church  thoroughly  and 
is  ever  loyal  to  her  teachings. 

The  Diocese   of    Ouincy. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Alexander  Burgess,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  the 
Diocesan  of  Quincy;  he  is  one  of  the  most  distinguished  men 
on  the  Episcopal  Bench ;  as  a  Latin  scholar,  it  is  said,  he 
has  read  in  that  language  so  extensively  that  he  thinks  in  it. 
It  is  generally  believed  that  no  man  in  the  Church  is  better 
authority  on  questions    of    precedent  and    procedure.       He  was 


Hill  Burgwin. 


Rt.  Rev.  Alexander  Burgess,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 


6o4 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


Chairman  of  the  House  of  Deputies  when  he  was  a  member  of 
that  House,  and  men  who  knew  him  then,  and  were  at  the 
Convention  of  1895,  spoke  of  his  Chairmanship  as  one  of  very 
great  distinction.  Such  men  as  the  Bishop  of  Quincy  can  easily 
be  counted,  but  their  influence  cannot  be  measured;  he  loves 
books,  yet  his  history  shows  that  he  has  been  amongst  men  a 
man.  He  was  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  was  educated  at  Brown 
University  in  that  city  and  at  the  General  Theological  Seminary, 
from  which  he  graduated  in  1841.  He  has  been  Bishop  since 
May  15,  1873.  It  is  said  of  Bishop  Burgess  that  he  was  on  the 
Standing  Committee  from  his  ordination  to  the  priesthood  till  his 
elevation  to  the  Episcopate,  excepting  a  few  months  succeeding 
his  removal  from  Portland  to  Brooklyn,  and  that  he  has  been 
a  member  of  every  General  Convention,  except  one,  since  1844, 
when  he  was  first  elected.  In  this  way  he  has  consented  to  the 
election  of  every  Bishop  now  in  the  House  of  Bishops.  He  is 
the  younger  brother  of  Bishop  George  Burgess,  first  Bishop  of 
Maine,  and  his  only  son,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Burgess,  S.  T.  D., 
is  Archdeacon  of  Dutchess,  in  the  Diocese  of  New  York. 


CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were: 
Rev.  Charles  Wesley  Lefifing- 
well,  D.  D.,  of  Knoxville,  who 
is  President  of  the  Standing 
Committee,  Examining  Chap- 
lain, Rector  of  St.  Mary's,  Knox- 
ville, and  editor  of  the  Living 
Church  newspaper;  Rev.  R.  F. 
Sweet,  D.  D,,  Rector  of  Trinity 
Church,  Rock  Island,  member 
of  the  Standing  Committee,  and 
Dean  of  Rock  Island;  Rev.  W. 
H.  Moore,  Dean  of  the  Cathe- 
dral of  St.  John,  Quincy,  and 
Dean  of  Quincy ;  Rev.  S.  G. 
Jeffords,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Peoria,  and  Dean  of 
Peoria. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr. 
H.  A.  Williamson,  who  is  a 
member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee of  the  Diocese;  Mr.  Lu- 
cian  Adams,  who  is  its  Chan- 
cellor; Mr.  E.  J.  Parker  and 
Mr.  T.  B.  Martin;  they  are 
amongst  the  well  known  Church  workers. 


Rev.  Charles  W.  Leffingwell,   D.  D. 


6o6  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Diocese  of  Rhode  Island. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  March  Clark.  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  a 
typical  man;  he  is  a  representative  of  what  is  best  in  the 
Puritan,  and  in  the  cavalier,  alike;  he  has  the  force,  the  con- 
secration, the  intense  spirituality  of  mind,  the  eye  which  sees 
God  very  real,  very  near,  which  at  all  times  and  in  all  places 
enthrones  conscience  and  follows  the  call  of  understood  duty. 
He  has  the  grace  and  polish  which  adorns  drawing  rooms  and 
captivates  the  cultured,  as  well  as  the  constant  zeal  which 
makes  the  rank  and  file  of  the  people  love  him.  A  New  Eng- 
land man,  who  has  seen  the  Church  sentiment  grow  with 
wonderous  rapidity,  and  has  assisted  that  growth,  by  the 
finish  of  his  eloquence,  and  the  strength  of  his  work;  in  no 
place  he  has  filled  has  he  ever  failed,  from  the  days  when 
he  graduated  at  Yale,  ended  his  theological  study  at  Prince- 
ton, to  the  days  when,  from  Christ  Church,  Hartford,  he 
was  called  to  be  Bishop  of  Rhode  Island;  his  path  has  been 
one  of  eminent  service.  Bishop  Clark  has  been  in  the  Epis- 
copate since  Dec.  6th,  1854,  a  period  of  forty-two  years. 
Only  one  man  in  the  American  Church  is  now  living.  Bishop 
Williams,  who  was  a  Bishop  then.  Cambridge  University  con- 
ferred upon  Bishop  Clark  the  LL.  D.  degree,  and  Union  College 
the  D.  D.  Bishop  Clark  could  not  go  to  the  Convention  of 
1895,  Of  he,  in  the  absence  of  Bishop  Williams,  would  have 
been  the  President  of  the  House  of  Bishops. 

clerical  and  lay  deputies. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were;  Rev.  Daniel  Henshaw,  D.  D., 
a  son  of  the  first  Bishop  of  Rhode  Island,  who,  with  the  Rev. 
Charles  A.  L.  Richards,  D.  D.,  has  seen  very  long  service  in 
the  General  Convention  of  the  Church;  the  former  is  Rector 
of  All  Saints'  Church,  and  President  of  the  Standing  Committee; 
the  latter  is  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  and  also  a  member 
of  the  Standing  Committee.  A  thousand  memories  cling  round 
things  these  men  have  seen  and  taken  part  in  in  the  Diocese 
of  Rhode  Island,  and  the  Conventions  of  the  whole  Church. 
The  Rector  of  All  Saints'  Church  stands  for  all  that  is  steadfast  in 
the  Church's  orders  and  ways,  as  well  as  for  her  adoption  to 
the  needs  of  the  new  day  in  which  we  live.  Dr.  Richards  and 
the  Church  to  which  he  ministers  has  stood  and  does  stand  for 
the  Church's  duty  to  the  regions  beyond  Diocesan  limits  and 
parochial  bounds.  The  Doctor  is  a  great  lover  of  art,  as  well 
as  of  work  and  worship. 

Rev.  George  McClellan  Fiske,  D.  D.,  was  once  assistant  at 
St.  Mark's,  Philadelphia,  where  to  this  day  he  is  greatly  be- 
loved. He  is  Rector  of  St.  Stephen's  Church,  Providence,  and 
a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese.      He  was 


Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  March  Clark,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


6o8  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

elected  to  be  Bishop  of  Fond  du  Lac  and  declined.  He  is  a 
"Catholic  Churchman"  of  the  very  best  kind;  to  him,  form, 
emblem,  and  ceremony  are  dear,  only  as  they  teach  vividly  a 
truth;  it  is  not  the  outer  but  the  inner  meaning  he  contends 
for  and  realizes  in  his  own  life. 

Kev.  William  M.  Groton  is  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Wes- 
terly, and  Examining  Chaplain.  He  is  making  his  record 
which  is  sure  to  be  good. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Judge  John  H.  Stiness,  one  of 
the  most  honored  names  in  the  list  of  honored  names  in  the 
annals  of  the  Bench  in  Rhode  Island.  Never  has  any  doubt 
been  cast  upon  this  man's  justice,  or  upon  his  legal  knowledge; 
to  his  Bishop  he  has  been  great  help,  often,  and  to  the  Church 
in  Rhode  Island  an  element  of  strength;  in  the  House  of  Depu- 
ties he  is  known  for  his  learning,  wisdom,  and  wise  judgment. 
His  services  are  called  for  on  important  committees. 

Mr.  John  Nicholas  Brown  is  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Missions  for  the  whole  Church,  and  brother  of  Mr  Harold 
Brown,  who,  a  few  years  ago,  gave  $100,000  for  the  Missionary 
Episcopate.  Mr  John  N.  is  a  generous  supporter  of  Church 
work,  and  gives  what  is  very  valuable,  his  personal  attention 
and  service,  to  beneficent  work  of  many  kinds.  He  is  a  com- 
paratively young  man,  but  old  enough  to  have  done  much  good 
work  in  the  Church  of  God. 

Mr.  LeRoy  King,  and  Mr.  Robert  H.  I.  Goddard  belong  to 
old  New  England  families,  and  are  zealous  Churchmen  who  are 
ever  ready  to  do  what  they  can  to  serve  the  Church  they  love, 
and  they  have  the  reward  which  always  comes  to  devout  men 
who  attend  to  God's  service  with  a  willing  mind  and  a  capable 
hand.  The  Deputation  from  Rhode  Island  was  strong  and 
useful. 

The  Diocese  of  South  Carolina, 

Of  the  Rt.  Rev.  Ellison  Capers,  D.  D.,  it  may,  in  Carolina, 
be  said,  "A  man  he  is  to  all  the  country  dear."  He  knows 
the  lives  of  the  people  amongst  whom  he  has  to  exercise  his 
office  as  Bishop,  in  all  their  detail,  both  of  joy  and  of  sorrow; 
he  shared  the  sorrow  of  men,  and  of  women  who,  after  the  war, 
were  bereft  of  all  they  had,  and  had  to  face  the  world  penni- 
less; all  this  the  people  of  South  Carolina  know,  and  they 
know  the  Bishop  in  his  pastoral  relations,  how  he  carried  the 
griefs  of  mothers  over  sons  slain  in  battle,  and  of  widows  who 
were  broken-hearted.  This  knowledge  has  made  the  people 
love  the  Bishop  as  few  men  are  loved.  He  is  a  very  un- 
obtrusive man,  but  he  has  a  reserve  power  which  only  needs 
circumstances  to  call  it  into  action. 


Rt.  Rev.  Ellison  Capers,  D.  D. 


6 10  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

CLERICAL   AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  John  Kershaw,  Rector 
of  St.  Michael's  Church,  Charleston,  Archdeacon  of  the  Third 
District,  and  member  of  the  Standing  Committee;  Rev.  Theodore 
D.  Bratton,  Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Advent,  Spartanburg, 
and  Examining  Chaplain;  Rev.  A.  Toomer  Porter,  D.  D.,  Rector 
of  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Communion,  Charleston,  Archdeacon 
of  the  Fourth  District,  Rector  of  the  "House  of  Rest  for  Con- 
valescents," Charleston,  and  also  of  "Porter  Academy,"  Charles- 
ton; Rev.  James  M.  Stoney,  Rector  of  Grace  Church,  Camden, 
and  Archdeacon  of  the  Second  District. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  A.  Markley  Lee,  Mr.  Robert 
Shand,  who  is  Chancellor  of  the  Diocese,  Mr.  James  Aldrich, 
and  Mr.  Edward  McCrady. 

The  Diocese  of  Southern  Ohio. 

This  Diocese  was  erected  in  1875,  when  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Augustus  Jaggar,  D.  D.,  the  Rector  of  Holy  Trinity  Church, 
Philadelphia,  where  he  had  succeeded  Phillips  Brooks,  was 
chosen  Bishop.  He  was  consecrated  in  1875,  and  in  1879  he, 
being  in  broken  health,  resigned.  Bishop  Boyd  Vincent,  D. 
D.,  then  the  Rector  of  Calvary  Church,  Pittsburg,  was  elected 
to  the  Episcopate.  He  is  a  graduate  of  Yale;  was  consecrated 
in  St.  Paul's  Church,  Cincinnati,  January  25th,  i88g.  The  Bishop 
is  a  man  who  sees  very  plainly  the  principles  which  are  at  the 
foundation  of  the  Gospel,  and  he  delights  to  tell  men  what  the 
Gospel  is.  There  is  no  uncertain  sound  in  his  ministry;  he  has 
all  the  love  of  a  Puritan  for  the  Covenant  of  God  with  his 
people,  and  this  gives  power  to  his  speech.  He  is  surrounded 
by  a  body  of  Clergy  who  are  as  one  man  in  the  Master's  work. 
The  good  sense  of  the  Bishop  with  his  constant  service  give 
promise  of  an  administration  which  will  be  fruitful  in  all  lines 
of  Church  work. 

clerical  and  lay  deputies. 

Rev.  Dudley  W.  Rhodes,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  the  Church  of 
Our  Saviour  (Mt.  Auburn),  Cincinnati,  member  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committee,  and  Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  Robert  A.  Gib- 
son is  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Cincinnati,  member  of  the 
Standing  Committee,  and  Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  John  H. 
Ely  is  Rector  of  Grace  Church,  College  Hill,  and  Secretary  of 
the  Diocese.  Rev.  George  P.  Torrence  is  Rector  of  St.  James' 
Church,  Zanesville. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  John  L.  Stettinius,  one  of  the 
most  active  men  in  the  Diocese,  takes  great  interest  in  work 
amongst  boys;  Mr.  E.  Morgan  Wood,  Mr.  Charles  W.  Short, 
and  Mr.  John  \V.   Daniels,  all  are  influential  representative  men. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  6ll 

The  Diocese  of  Southern  Virginia. 

Rt.  Rev.  Alfred  Magill  Randolph,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  Bishoi) 
of  Southern  Virginia.  The  Diocese  has  87  Clergy,  154  Parishes 
and  Missions,  and  is  engaged  in  all  kinds  of  Church  work  with 
enthusiasm.  The  Bishop  is  well  known  through  the  South  for 
his  good  judgment,  patient,  faithful  work,  and  for  his  loyalty 
to  the  traditions  of  the  Church    practice  in  Virginia, 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Beverly  D.  Tucker,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Norfolk,  and  Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  VV.  H.  Meade, 
D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  Roanoke,  and  Examin- 
ing Chaplain.  Rev.  R.  J.  McBryde,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  Grace 
Memorial  Church,  Lexington,  and  member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee. Rev.  John  J.  Lloyd,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  Grace  Mem- 
orial and  Emmanuel  Churches,   Lynchburg. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  Charles  M.  Blackford,  who 
is  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Diocese;  Mr.  VV. 
W.  Old,  Chancellor  of  the  Diocese;  Mr.  R.  E.  Withers,  and 
Mr.  VV.  B.  Martin;  all  are  in  a  very  real  sense  representative  of 
all  the  name  Virginia  stands  for  in  social,  commercial  and 
Church  life. 

The  Diocese  of  Springfield. 

Here  the  well  known  Bishop,  George  F.  Seymour,  S.  T.  D., 
LL.  D.,  has  his  home  and  does  the  duties  of  his  ofifice.  He 
is  a  man  of  very  strong  convictions;  he  holds  High  Church 
views,  never  temporizes  with  any  man  or  combination  of  men, 
never  sacrifices  what  he  believes  to  be  a  principle  of  Church 
doctrine.  Any  man  who  knows  the  Bishop  knows  exactly 
what  side  he  will  take  on  any  question.  Such  a  man  always 
commands  respect;  the  clearness  and  the  intensity  of  his  con- 
victions compel  it;  and  when,  as  in  his  case,  his  zeal  is  et[ualled 
by  his  knowledge,  and  both  joined  to  fervid  eloquence,  his  in- 
fluence becomes  very  large.  The  Bishop  was  founder  of  St. 
Stephen's  College,  Annandale,  and  has  done  much  to  give  it 
the  proud  place  it  has  to-day.  He  was  a  professor  of  Eccles- 
iastical History  in  the  General  Seminary.  He  is  one  of  the 
best  Church  historians  in  America.  During  the  Convention  of 
1895  lie  wrote  a  letter  to  the  press,  on  "The  Church  and  Henry 
the  VHI,"  which  was  masterly  to  the  highest  degree.  The 
Bishop  is  a  preacher  of  exceptional  power.  His  honesty,  abil- 
ity, fearlessness,  extensive  knowledge,  his  constant  application 
in  all  kinds  of  Church  work,  his  spirituality  of  mind,  and  his 
power  of  eloquent  speech,  are,  I  believe,  admitted  by  all  men. 
The  Bishop's  photograph  is  in  this  book  in  connection  with 
Annandale  Reunion.     (See  page  365.) 


Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Reuben  Hale,  D.  D.,  ll.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


613 


The  Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Reuben  Hale,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  Bishop 
Coadjutor  of  Springfield,  is  a  voluminous  writer  of  books  for 
scholars  and  thinkers.  He  is  a  linguist  of  great  repute;  has 
one  of  the  best  private  libraries  relating  to  liturgical  subjects 
in  America.  His  light  studies  are  in  Mozarabic  collects,  and 
like  subjects.  Perhaps  no  man  in  the  Church  knows  more 
about  Eastern  Churches  than  he.  He  is  a  man  for  whose  liter- 
ary and  religious  labors  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  graduated,  and  the  Church  in  which  he  is  Bishop,  may  well 
be  thankful. 


Ven.  Frederick  W.  Taylor,  D.  D. 


Rev.  Jesse  Burton  Harrison. 


CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Ven.  Frederick  W.  Taylor.  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Springfield,  member  of  the  Standing  Committee,  Arch- 
deacon of  Springfield.  Examining  Chaplain,  and  Librarian  of 
the  Diocesan  Library.  He  has  been  Deputy  to  the  General 
Conventions  of  i883-'86-'89-'92  and  '95.  Mr.  Taylor  is  also 
editor  of  the  Diocesan  paper.  Rev.  D.  W.  Dresser,  S.  T.  D., 
Rector  of  Emmanuel  Church,  Champaign,  Diocesan  Registrar 
and  Historiographer,  President  of  the  Standing  Committee,  Rural 
Dean,  Secretary  and  Treasurer  of  the  Board  of  Missions,  and 
Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  Jesse  B.  Harrison  is  Rector  of  Christ 
Church,  Carrollton.  Rev.  W.  H.  Tomlins,  Rector  of  St.  INLiry's 
Church,  and  of  St.  Mary's  day  school.  East  St.  Louis. 


6i4 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  Henry  H.  Candee,  who  has 
been  in  six  General  Conventions;  he  is  Rector's  Warden  in  the 
Church  of  the  Redeemer,  which  proves  the  esteem  in  which  he 
is  held.  Mr.  C.  E.  Hay  is  a  member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee of  the  Diocese.  Mr.  W.  J.  Quinlan  is  a  member  of  the 
Vestry  of  St.  John's  Church,  Decatur.  Mr.  Miles  F.  Gilbert  is 
the  Clerk  and  a  member  of  the  Vestry  of  the  Bishop's  Church. 
(This  is  not  the  Pro-Cathedral  of  the  Diocese  that  is  at  Spring- 
field. When  in  1892  the  Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Reuben  Hale,  S. 
T.  D..   LL.   D.,  was  consecrated  assistant  Bishop,  a  certain  part 


MxES  Frederick  Gilbert. 


Henry  H.  Candee. 


of  the  Diocese  was  given  into  his  care.  He  made  Cairo  his 
sec  city,  and  the  Vestry  of  the  Church  of  the  Redeemer,  by  an 
official  act,  placed  the  Church  at  his  disposal,  which  he  accep- 
ted as  the  Bishop's  Church.) 

The  Diocese  of   Tennessee. 


Here  the  Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Todd  Quintard,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D., 
M.  D.,  presides.  He  is  more  than  seventy  years  old;  rich  in 
experience,  in  the  esteem  of  hosts  of  friends,  in  scholar-like 
tastes,  in  love  of  all  that  is  beautiful  in  the  work,  ways,  and 
worship  of  the  Church;  a  man  in  whom  noble  ideals  ever  find 


Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  Frank  Gailor,  D.  D. 


6i6 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


a  home.  In  the  afternoon  of  life  he  can  look  back  npon  its 
morn  and  noon  spent  by  divine  grace,  in  a  glad  service  of  men 
which  Christ  has  owned  and  blessed.  The  Bishop  has  been  spoken 
of  in  connection  with  the  University  of  the  South,  in  this  book, 
and  his  photograph  is  placed  in  connection  with  it,  as  is  fitting. 
(See  page  462. ) 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  Frank  Gailor,  D.  D.,  Coadjutor  Bishop 
of  Tennessee,  was  a  favorite  student  of  the  saintly  DeKoven, 
at  Racine,  who  was,  the  Bishop  declares,  as  a  father  to  him. 
He  is  an  excellent  Greek  scholar;  in  student  days  he  was  prize- 
man in  that  language.  His  whole  ministry  has  been  spent  in 
Tennessee,  though  often  called  to  other  dioceses.  He  is  of 
fair  countenance  and  ruddy,  has  a  voice  of  peculiar  sweetness, 
and  compass,  and  is  a  preacher  of  much  magnetism  and  force. 
Many  able  men  are  of  the  opinion  that  he  will  make  a  record 
of  service,  if  spared  to  see  three  score  years  and  ten,  which 
will  equal  that  of  the  present  renown  of  the  elder  Bishops. 
He    was  born  September  17th,   1856. 


CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  James  R.  Winchester, 
D.  D.,  is  Recterof  Christ  Church, 
Nashville,  a  member  of  the 
Standing  Committee,  and  Ex- 
amining Chaplain.  Rev.  F.  A. 
Shoup,  D.  D.,  is  Professor  in  the 
Academic  Department  of  the 
University  of  the  South,  Sewa- 
nee.  Rev.  F.  P.  Davenport,  D. 
D.,  is  Rector  of  Calvary  Church, 
Memphis,  and  Examining  Chap- 
lain.     Rev.  Joseph   K.   Martin, 

D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Luke's 
Church,  Jackson,  and  Dean  of 
the  Convocation  of  Memphis. 

Lay  Deputies:  Mr.  G.  M. 
Darrow,  who  is  Treasurer  of  the 
Diocese;  Mr.  C.  T.  Dobb;  Mr. 
Albert  T.  McNeal,  Chancellor 
of  the  Diocese,  Boliver,  and  Mr. 

E.  G.  Richmond.  These  were 
the  Southern  men  who  helped  to 
impress  Westerners,  who,  till 
this  Convention,  had  not  seen 
the  best    specimens    the  South 

had  to  show,  how  much  of  polish,  principle,  and  religious  power 
resides  in  the  South. 


Rev.  James  R.  Winchester,  D.  D. 


Rev.  Frederick  P.  Davenport,  D.  D. 


Rev.  JOSEPH  E.  Martin,  D.  u. 


G.  M.  Darrow. 


Albert  T.  McNeal. 


Rt.  Rev.  George  Herbert  Kinsolvino,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  6ig 

The  Diocese  of  Texas. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Gcore^e  Herbert  Kinsolving,  I).  D.,  is  Diocesan 
here.  This  man's  name,  as  well  as  title  and  office,  is  religious, 
(a  man  who  bears  the  name  of  George  Herbert  hardly  could 
be  anything  other  than  good.  He  must  have  had  good  parents 
or  he  would  not  have  had  the  name  he  bears.)  The  Bishop  is 
a  Virginian,  tall  and  muscular.  His  greatest  work,  perhaps, 
before  he  was  chosen  Bishop,  was  done  as  Rector  of  the  Church 
of  the  Epiphany,  Philadelphia,  where  he  was  consecrated  in 
1892  as  assistant  to  Bishop  Gregg. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAV  DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  C.  M.  Beckwith  is  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Galves- 
ton, and  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee.  Rev.  Frank 
Page  is  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Waco,  and  Dean  of  the 
Northwestern  Convocation.  Rev.  Henry  D.  Aves,  Rector  of 
Christ  Church,  Houston,  and  Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  George 
L.  Crockett  is  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  San  Augustine. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Messrs.  E.  G.  Hanrich,  H.  M. 
Whitaker,   Rufus  Caye,  and  Llewellyn  Aubrey. 

The  Diocese  of  Vermont. 

Rt.  Rev.  Arthur  Crawshay  AUiston  Hall,  D.  D.,  was  widely 
known  as  "Father  Hall"  long  before  he  was  Bishop;  he  was 
one  of  the  Cowley  fathers  from  England.  He  is  an  O.xford 
University  man;  when  assistant  at  the  Advent,  Boston,  his 
peculiar  dress  made  him  the  observed  of  all  observers.  I  well 
remember  the  late  Dr.  Shaltuck,  who  was  Warden  in  that  Parish, 
telling  me  of  the  holy  life  and  sclf-den)'ing  labor  which  made 
him  respected  of  all  men.  As  Priest  of  St.  John  the  Evange- 
list Mission  Church,  I  knew  him,  and  remember  well  being  at 
dinner  at  his  house,  and  being  struck  with  the  religiousness  of 
all  the  arrangements.  It  was  a  mighty  work  Father  Hall  did 
there,  and  he  had  Priests  of  like  mind.  Phillips  Brooks,  a 
king  of  men  and  prince  of  preachers,  was  chosen  to  be  Bishop 
of  Massachusetts;  Father  Hall  did  not  vote  for  him  for  Bishop, 
but  when  he  was  chosen  he  openly  advocated  his  confirmation. 
Although  he  was  naturalized  as  an  American,  he  was  called  to 
P^ngland  by  his  superior  to  the  regret  of  all  parties  in  the 
American  Church.  In  England  he  became  famous  as  a  Mission 
preacher.  The  30th.  of  Aug.,  1893,  he  was  elected  Bishop  of 
Vermont.  He  was  released  in  England  from  his  vows  of 
obedience  and  came  back  to  America  to  be  Bishop;  was  con- 
secrated Feb.  2nd,  1894.  In  his  New  Fingland  home  he  is 
preaching  the  Gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  the  Son  of  God,  and  doing 


Rt.  Rev.  Arthur  Crawshaw  Alliston  Hall,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


621 


all  kinds  of  work    which    pertains    to    a    Bishop's    office,  and  is 
highly  esteemed  by  all  sorts  and  conditions  of  men. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were: 
Rev.  J.  Isham  Bliss,  D.  D.,  Rec- 
tor of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Bur- 
lington, President  of  Standing 
Committee;  Examining  Chap- 
lain, and  Secretary  of  the  lioard 
of  Land  Agents  of  the  Diocese. 
He  is  also  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Christian  P^duca- 
tion,  appointed  by  the  House  of 
Deputies.  A  man  who  holds 
such  offices  needs  no  praise. 
Rev.  Alonzo  B.  Flanders,  D.  D., 
is  Rector  of  St.  Luke's  Church, 
St.  Albans ;  Secretary  of  the 
Standing  Committee,  and  Kx- 
amining  Chaplain.  Rev.  l{d- 
ward  N.  Goddard  is  Rector  of 
St.  Paul's  Church,  Windsor. 
Rev.  William  H.Collins  is  Rec- 
tor of  St.  Michael's  Church, 
I^rattleboro,  and  P>xamining 
Chaplain.  All  are  men  whose 
works  bear  witness  of  their  abil- 
ity, zeal  and  character. 
The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Senator  George  F.  Pxlmunds  the 
most  widely  known  man  in  Vermont.  He  made  national  fame 
as  United  States  Senator;  in  the  Republican  Convention  at  the 
time  Mr.  Blaine  was  first  chosen  a  candidate  for  the  presidency 
of  the  United  States  he  had  an  influential  party  who  were 
most  anxious  to  see  him  chosen  candidate.  To  this  day  there 
are  those  who  think  if  he  had  been  he  could  have  been  elected 
president.  Mr.  P^dmunds  is  a  great  lawyer,  and  a  parliamen- 
tarian of  very  wide  experience  ;  he  is  also  a  platform  speaker 
of  national  reputation.  The  American  Republic  has  had  in 
him  a  wise  leader;  but  it  was  not  in  any  of  these  lights  that 
he  was  seen  in  the  General  Convention  of  the  Church;  he  is  a 
communicant  of  St.  Paul's  Parish,  Burlington,  where  he  has 
held  office  for  very  many  years,  and  has  been  a  warm  friend 
and  helper  in  all  its  work.  The  Senator  is  one  of  the  men  in 
Convention  whose  knowledge  of  Canon  Law  has  given  him  a 
foremost  place  amongst  the  great  lawyers  who  are  always 
members.  The  Senator  had  to  leave  before  the  close  of  the 
Convention;  his  place  was  taken  by  Mr.  Henry  Wells,    who    is 


Rev.  J.  Isham  Bliss,  D.  D. 


622 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


also  a  communicant  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Burlington,  and  a 
member  of  the  eminent  firm  of  manufacturing  chemists,  known 
as  Wells,  Richardson  &  Co.  Mr.  Wells  is  comparatively  a 
young  man,  but  he  has,  by  his  personal  service  in  the  Parish 
and  Diocese,  and  by  his  generous  gifts  to  all  kinds  of  mission- 
ary work,  won  the  regard  of  all  men  who  know  him.  This 
can  be  said  of  Mr.  Wells:  "The  cause  he  does  not  know,  he 
searches  out,"  and  helps  wisely  and  well.  He  is  a  man  of  few 
words.  He  and  his  family  are  understood  to  have  helped 
Bishop  Hall  by  giving  largely  to  the  building  of  the  Episcopal 
residence. 


Henry  Wells. 


Thomas  H.  Canfield. 


Thomas  H.  Canfield,  of  Burlington,  Vt.,  who  is  well  known 
in  Minnesota  as  one  of  the  earliest  and  most  active  promoters 
of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad,  attended  most  of  the  General 
Conventions  of  the  p:piscopal  Church  since  1844,  from  the 
Diocese  of  Vermont  since  1856.  His  ancestors,  the  Hawleys 
and  Canfields,  were  the  founders  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in 
Vermont,  having  come  to  Vermont  from  Connecticut  in  1762, 
when  there  were  but  three  hundred  white  people  in  the  state. 
They  located  at  Arlington,  where  they  built  the  first  church  in 
1785.  It  was  in  the  same  church  that  Mr.  Canfield  was  bap- 
tized. The  first  Convention  of  the  Church  in  1790,  was  organ- 
ized at  his  grandfather's  house.      The  descendants  of  the  Haw- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


623 


ley  and  Canfield  families  have  always  been  very  active  in  Church 
work,  and  loyal  to  the  faith  of  their  ancestors.  For  forty-five 
years  Mr.  Canfield  has  been  a  member  of  the  Diocesan  Con- 
ventions in  Vermont  and  Secretary  of  the  Diocese  for  thirty- 
three  years.  He  is  one  of  the  very  few  surviving  members  o 
the  notable  Convention  that  was  held  in  Richmond,  Va.,  just 
before  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War,  the  first  and  only  one 
ever  held  South  of  the  "Mason  and  Dixon's  Line."  It  was  at 
a  time  when  there  was  much  uneasiness  in  the  South  about  the 
Abolition  Doctrines  of  the  North,  but  not  the  slightest  refer- 
ence was  ever  made  of  them  in  the  Convention  of  the  Church. 
Governor  Wise,  of  Virginia,  was  a  Deputy  to  this  Convention, 
and  it  was  while  it  was  in  session  that  John  Brown  made  his 
famous  attack  upon  Harper's  Ferry.  This  Convention  was 
memorable  as  being  the  second  time  when  four  Bishops  of  the 
Church  were  consecrated  upon  the  same  day,  and  in  the  same 
city.  This  was  on  October  13th,  1859,  at  the  same  hour. 
Bishop  Odenheimer,  of  New  Jersey,  and  Bishop  Bedell,  of  Ohio, 
were  consecrated  in  St.  Paul's  Church,  and  Bishop  Whipple,  of 
Minnesota,  in  St  James'  Church,  and    Bishop  Gregg,  of  Texas, 

in  Monumental  Church.  The 
first  time  was  October,  3[,  1832, 
in  New  York,  at  the  same  time 
and  on  the  same  day  in  St.  Paul's 
Church.  Bishop  Hopkins,  of 
Vermont,  Bishop  Doane,  of  New 
Jersey,  Bishop  Mcllvaine,  of 
Ohio,  Bishop  Smith,  of  Ken- 
tucky; the  Bishop  of  Minnesota 
is  the  only  survivor  of  the  eight. 
Mrs.  Canfield  is  the  daughter  of 
Bishop  Hopkins. 

Mr.  Edward  L.  Temple  has 
been  a  member  of  five  General 
Conventions;  is  well  informed 
upon  the  distinctive  features  of 
Church  History  and  doctrine. 
He  has  a  very  clear  and  intel- 
ligent view  of  all  questions;  he 
is  a  speaker  who  presents  his 
views  very  concisely  and  to  the 
point.  He  is  the  author  of  one 
of  the  best  practical  works 
on  the  Prayer  Book,  recently 
published  by  the  Young  Church- 
man, of  Milwaukee,  entitled  the  "Church  in  the  Prayer  Book." 
Mr.  Myron  W.  Bailey  is  a  new  member  of  the  Convention;  a 
well-informed,   intelligent   Church   man;    Senior   Warden   of   St. 


Edward  Lowe  Temple. 


624  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONX'ENTION. 

Luke's  Church,  St.  Albans,  for  many  years,  and  a  frequent  mem- 
ber of  the  Conventions  of  that  Diocese. 

The  Diocese  of  Virginia. 

This  Diocese  is  well  known  to  all  Churchmen,  and  has  played 
an  important  part  in  the  history  of  the  Church  in  the  last 
hundred  and  ten  years.  The  Churchmanship  of  Virginia  is  well 
known  as  being  strongly  evangelical.  The  Rt.  Rev.  Francis 
McNeece  Whittle,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  Bishop.  He  is  a  man 
whose  long  life  has  been  spent  in  the  service  of  God,  in  his 
Church.  He  was  born  in  1823,  and  has  been  Bishop  for  nearly 
twenty-eight  years,  during  which  time  he  has  seen  great  progress 
in  all  lines  of  Church  work. 

The  Coadjutor-Bishop,  the  Rt.  Rev.  John  B.  Newton,  M.  D., 
is  well  known  all  through  the  South  as  an  eloquent  preacher, 
and  tireless  worker.  As  he  has  been  in  the  Episcopate  only 
two  years,  he  has  not  had  time  to  gain  great  distinction  as  a 
Bishop,  but  his  past  indicates  that  his  record  will  be  honorable 
and  highly  useful. 

CLERICAL  AND  LAY  DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  C.  E.  Grammer,  D.  D., 
who  is  professor  at  the  Virginia  Theological  Seminary;  Rev. 
John  K.  Mason,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  James'  Church,  Richmond; 
Rev.  Hartley  Carmichael,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Richmond;  and  Rev.  G.  W.  Nelson,  Rector  of  St.  James'  Church, 
Warrenton. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Messrs.  Joseph  Bryan,  R.  Taylor 
Scott,  James  M.  Garnett,  and  Joseph  Wilmer.  These  men  may 
justly  be  said  to  represent  the  very  highest  attainment  of  the 
South. 

The  Diocese  of  West  Missouri. 

West  Missouri  is  one  of  the  new  Dioceses.  Its  Bishop  is 
Edward  Robert  Atwill,  D.  D.  He  is  from  New  York.  He 
was  educated  in  the  classics  at  Columbia,  and  in  theology 
in  the  General  Seminary.  He  worked  in  the  Ministry  of  the 
Church  in  four  Parishes  before  he  was  made  Bishop.  His 
greatest  fame,  perhaps,  was  made  at  Burlington,  Vermont.  As 
Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church  he  became  very  widely  known;  all 
through  the  state  he  was  revered.  When  he  was  elected  Bishop 
he  was  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Toledo,  Ohio.  He  is  in  the 
sixth  year  of  his  lipiscopate.  Bishop  Atwill  has  long  had  the 
reputation  of  being  an  effective  preacher  and  administrator. 

CLERICAL   AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

The  Clerical  Deputies  were:  Rev.  Cameron  Mann,  D.  D., 
Rector  of  Grace  Church,  Kansas  City,  President  of  the   Stand- 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


625 


Rev.  Cameron  Mann,  D.  D. 


ing  Committee,  and  Examining 
Chaplain.  Rev.  Robert  Talbot, 
Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  mem- 
ber of  the  Standing  Committee, 
Dean  of  the  Central  Convoca- 
tion of  the  Diocese,  and  Trustee 
of  the  Theological  Education 
Fund.  Rev.  M.  Moore,  Rector 
of  St.  John's  Church,  Springfield, 
and  Dean  of  the  Southern  con- 
vocation of  the  Diocese.  Rev. 
Richard  EUerby,  Rector  of 
Christ  Church,  Lexington. 

Lay  Deputies:  Messrs.  Wal- 
lace Pratt,  William  B.  Clarke, 
John  D.  Richardson,  and  Geo. 
H.  McCann.  All  these  men 
have  shown  their  love  of  the 
Church,  and  ability  to  serve  it 
in  such  a  way  as  to  give  them  a 
place  of  honor  amongst  the 
chosen  host  of  its  noblest  sons. 


The    Diocese  oe  West  Virginia. 


The  name  of  the  Rt.  Rev.  George  William  Peterkin,  D.  D., 
LL.  D.,  will  forever  be  associated  with  the  work  of  the  Diocese 
of  West  Virginia.  He  is  its  first  Bishop.  He  is  the  son  of 
the  Rector  of  the  Church  in  which  Bishop  Whipple  was  con- 
secrated, St.  James'  Church,  Richmond.  He  is  a  man  of  hard 
headed  common  sense.  He  has  clear  P^vangelical  views  of  the 
glorious  Gospel  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  Son  of  God,  and  is  an 
effective  pleader  of  salvation  by  faith  in  Him  alone.  The 
Bishop  is  a  most  diligent  man  in  all  that  pertains  to  the  duties 
of  his  saered  office,  to  which  he  was  consecrated  May  30,  1878. 
Bishop  Peterkin  is  loved  all  through  the  South  with  warm 
and  tender  love.  He  is  the  personification  of  the  very  best 
traditions  and  hopes  of  all  that  is  best  in  the  Southern  states. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEI'UTIES. 

Rev.  S.  Scollay  Moore,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  Trinity  Church, 
Parkersburg,  and  Examining  Chaplain.  Rev.  Jacob  Britting- 
ham.  Rector  of  St.  Luke's  Church,  Wheeling.  Rev.  Rodney 
R.  Swope,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  Matthew's  Church,  Wheeling. 
Rev.  Robert  Douglass  Roller,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  St.  John's 
Church,  Charleston,  and  Secretary  of  the  Diocese. 


Rt.  Rev.  George  De  Normandie  Gillespie,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  627 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  B.  M.  Ambler,  who  is  Reg- 
istrar of  the  Diocese,  Mr.  William  S.  Laidley,  Mr.  Frank 
Beckwith,  and  -Mr.  William   P.  Craighill. 

The  Diocese  of  Western  Michigan. 

When  the  story  of  the  Episcopate  in  the  American  Church 
in  the  last  quarter  of  the  nineteenth  century  comes  to  be  writ- 
ten, amongst  the  names  which  the  historian  will  linger  over 
will  be  that  of  Bishop  George  De  Normandie  Gillespie,  D.  D., 
of  Western  Michigan,  not  because  he  has  dazzled  the  world  by 
his  brilliant  eloquence,  or  captivated  men  by  the  splendor  of  his 
literary  gifts,  but  because  amongst  the  successors  of  the  Apos- 
tles he  is  one  of  the  most  Apostolic.  Simple  in  his  tastes,  yet 
highly  cultivated ;  transparent  in  his  conduct,  devout  in  his 
spirit,  wise  in  his  administration,  he  is  in  every  deed  a  Bishop 
of  souls.  Every  man  in  America  who  cares  a  pin  for,  or 
knows  anything  about,  prison  reform  knows  the  interest  the 
Bishop  takes  in  it,  and  the  Christlike  work  he  does  for 
prisoners.  Bishop  Gillespie  is  a  man  with  a  record  for 
patient  continuence  in  well  doing.  Since  the  day  he  was 
ordered  Deacon,  on  the  28th  day  of  June,  1840,  his  path  has 
been  that  of  the  just  shining  more  and  more  unto  the  perfect 
day. 

CLERICAL   AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  Campbell  Fair,  D.  D.,  is  Rector  of  St.  Mark's  Church, 
Grand  Rapids,  and  President  of  the  Standing  Committee.  Rev. 
Joseph  W.  Bancroft,  is  a  General  Missionary  for  the  Kalamazoo 
Convention,  and  a  member  of  the  Standing  Committee.  Rev. 
Robert  R.  Claiborne,  Rector  of  St.  Luke's  Church,  Kalamazoo, 
and  Secretary  of  the  Standing  Committee.  Rev.  John  Brew- 
ster Hubbs,  Rector  of  Grace  Church,  Grand  Rapids,  and  Secre- 
tary of  the  Board  of  Missions. 

The  Lay  Deputies  were:  Mr.  David  G.  Robinson,  Treas- 
urer of  the  Board  of  Missions,  Hastings;  Mr.  Jacob  Klcinhaus, 
Mr.  J.  Davidson  Burns,  who  is  a  member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee, and  Mr.  William  B.  Williams,  all  men  with  a  past  full 
of  honor. 

The  Diocese  of  Western  New  York. 

The  Bishop  of  this  Diocese  is  the  well  known  Arthur  Cleve- 
land Coxc,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  the  successor  of  that  man  of  renown, 
Bishop  DeLancy.  Bishop  Coxe  cannot  be  ennobled  by  any 
scholastic  degrees,  or  exalted  by  any  words  of  mine;  the  native 
grandeur,  the  sterling  integrity,  the  whole-souled  devotion  to  his 
Master,    and  to    his  Master's    work,    are  far   too  well  known    to 


628  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

need  description.  The  Christian  ballads  written  by  Bishop  Coxe 
have  never  been  equalled  by  any  American  writer,  and  have 
made  their  author  known  as  the  John  Keble  of  the  United  States; 
as  a  writer  of  prose  he  is  in  the  front  ranks  of  religious  literary 
men,  and  as  a  preacher  he  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  truly  great 
men  in  the  pulpits  of  to-day.  Bishop  Coxe  is  a  man  of  high 
cultivation,  and  is  specially  well  versed  in  the  early  history  and 
literature  of  the  Christian  Church.  To  all  this  the  Bishop  adds 
a  grace  and  charm  of  manner  which  has  made  a  man  known  to 
fame  declare:  "Bishop  Coxe  is  the  Lord  Chesterfield  of  the 
Church  in  America."  Without  a  doubt  he  is  all  that  goes  to 
make  a  Bishop  what  a  Bishop  should  be,  and  is  one  of  the  few 
very  remarkable  men  of  this  age. 

CLERICAL    AND    LAY    DEPUTIES. 

Rev.  James  Rankine,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  is  a  man  whose  character 
and  reputation  are  known  for  good  very  far  outside  the  Diocese 
of  Western  New  York  ;  a  quiet,  modest,  unassuming,  scholarly 
man  is  he,  who  in  season  and  out  has  for  six  and  forty  years 
done  the  work  of  a  minister  in  the  church  of  God.  This  man 
on  the  ninth  day  of  June,  1850,  was  present  at  the  moving 
of  the  remains  of  Bishop  Seabury's  body  from  the  burial  ground 
to  the  tomb  prepared  for  it  in  the  chancel  of  St.  James'  Church, 
New  London,  Connecticut.  At  that  date  he  was  a  young  man 
who  was  to  be  ordered  deacon  on  the  following  day  when  the 
diocesan  council  was  to  meet.  There  were  at  that  time  a  num- 
ber of  very  remarkable  men  in  the  clergy  list  of  Connecticut, 
amongst  whom  were  its  present  Bishop,  John  Williams,  and  the 
Bishop  of  Western  New  York,  Arthur  Cleveland  Coxe,  who 
with  Rev.  Dr.  Jarvis  were  present  at  and  took  the  most  promi- 
nent part  in  the  historic  scenes  of  the  day.  After  the  earth  had 
been  thrown  out  of  the  grave  where  all  that  was  mortal  of  the 
first  Bishop  of  the  American  Church  rested,  it  was  found  that  the 
casket  had  crumbled  to  dust;  but  a  large  metal  plate,  the  shape 
of  a  heart,  was  there  in  a  state  of  perfect  preservation.  Dr. 
Coxe  and  Dr.  Williams  gathered  with  diligent  care  the  precious 
dust  of  the  noble  Bishop  ;  it  was  placed  in  a  casket,  reinterred, 
and  the  earthly  part  of  this  man,  whose  fame  is  with  the 
immortals,  was  by  hearts  most  loving  and  hands  most  reverent, 
laid  in  its  last  narrow  bed  in  the  church  of  the  living  God. 
The  ninth  day  of  June,  will  be  forever  associated  in  Ameri- 
can Church  history  with  this  reinterment  of  Seabury.  Young 
Rankine  was  one  of  the  most  interested  spectators,  and  had 
some  share  in  the  labor  and  solemn  joy  of  the  day.  Besides 
the  three  clergymen  mentioned  to  whom  honor  is  due,  the  au- 
thorities of  St.  James'  Church  deserve  credit  for  their  heartiness 
in  forwarding  and  helping  all  the  plans  for  the  proper  care  of 
Bishop    Seabury's    dust.     The    day    after    the    interment   James 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


629 


Rankine  was  ordered  deacon.  He  is  now  Rector  of  St.  Andrew's 
Church,  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  and  to  his  many  other  distinctions  this 
is  his  due,  that  I  write  his  name  in  this  book  as  James  Rankine, 
D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  leader  of  the  deputation  from  the  Diocese  of 
Western  New  York. 

The  Rev.  Henry  W.  Nelson,  Jr.,  D.  D.,  we  may  justly  say  of 
him,  he  is  every  inch  a  Christian  gentleman,  and  nothing  could 
be  more  perfect  than  his  demeanor.  He  is  Rector  of  Trinity 
Church,  Geneva,  one  of  the  largest  in  the  Diocese,  and  one  of 
the  most  active.     He  holds  many  official  positions. 

Rev.  Francis  Lobdell,  D.  D., 
LL.  D.,  Rector  of  Trinity  Parish, 
which  has  the  largest  commun- 
icant list  in  Buffalo,  and  is  one  of 
the  most  influential  parishes  in 
Western  New  York.  He  is  a 
very  modest  man,  who  has  the 
power  of  quiet  work  and  patient 
study  ;  few,  if  any  men  in  the 
Convention,  had  clearer  views 
on  all  questions  brought  before 
it,  than  he,  but  he  did  not  think 
he  had  a  mission  and  command 
to  speak  on  all,  or  upon  many 
questions,  and  once  said  on  the 
floor  of  the  house  that  the  silent 
members  knew  what  they  want- 
ed to  do,  and  why.  It  was  a 
word  fitly  spoken,  as  all  his 
words  are.  The  writer  of  this 
short  note,  long  years  ago,  called 
upon  Dr.  Lobdell  in  Buffalo,  to 
speak  upon  Missionary  work, 
and  well  remembers  the  man 
and  the  impression  he  made,  by 
his  kindness,  by  the  sensible,  practical,  sympathetic  manner,  and 
all  subsequent  knowledge  of  him  has  deepened  the  high  opinion 
then  formed.  Such  men  as  he  glorify  the  Diocese  they  repre- 
sent. 

The  Rev.  Henry  Anstice,  D.  D..  has  been  spoken  of  as  first 
assistant  Secretary  of  the  House  of  Deputies.  No  more  need  be 
said  now.  To  know  him  is  to  admire  and  love  him  for  his 
ability,  work,  steadfastness,  character  and  consecration,  as  is 
shown  by  the  many  honorable  places  he  fills  on  Mission  Boards 
in  the  Diocesan  Councils  and  Philanthropic    Societies. 

The  Lay  Deputies  are  all  new  members.  Hon.  James  Mur- 
dock  Smith,  LL.  D.,  is  Chancellor  of  the  Diocese,  and  lives  in 
Buffalo,  where  he  is  widely  known  for  his  interest  in  the  general 


Rev.  Francis  Lobdell,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


630 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


work  of  the  Church  in  Western  New  York.  Mr.  Harlow  C.  Curtis 
resides  in  the  same  city  and  is  a  leading  man  in  the  Parish  of 
St.  Barnabas.  Mr.  Rufus  A.  Sibley  hails  from  Rochester,  is  senior 
partner  in  the  firm  of  Sibley,  Lindsay  &  Kerr,  the  well  known 
Dry  Goods  House  ;  he  is  active  in  the  work  of  St.  Andrew's 
Parish.  Mr.  Lewis  Stockton  is  from  Buffalo,  is  a  member  of 
Ascension  Parish.     Mr.  Wm.  H.  Walker  is  from  Buffalo  and  is 


Harlow  C.  Curtis. 


Rufus  A.  Sibley. 


one  of  the  men  who  help  to  make  St.  Paul's  Church  the  noble 
Parish  it  is.  All  the  Lay  Deputies  are  men  for  whom  the  Church 
has  cause  to  be  thankful. 


MISSIONARY  JURISDICTIONS. 

The  Missionary  Jurisdictions  of  the  Church  are  presided 
over  by  Bishops,  who  are  called  Missionary  Bishops,  and  it  may 
be  taken  as  a  rule,  to  which  there  are  few,  if  any,  exceptions, 
that  each  and  every  one  of  these  Bishops  has  a  record  of  suc- 
cess behind  him.  The  supposition  is  that  each  has  been  chosen 
because  of  his  supposed  fitness  for  the  place  he  fills.  The 
Jurisdictions  have  a  right  to  send  to  the  General  Convention, 
one  Clerical  and  one  Layman  as  delegation,  to  speak  for  them. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  63 1 

New  Mexico  and  Arizona. 

The  Bishop  of  New  Mexico  and  Arizona  is  Rt.  Rev.  John 
Mills  Kendrick,  U.  D.,  and  the  delegation  Rev.  Ed.  VV.  Meany, 
and  Mr.  John  J.  Hawkins,  from  New  Mexico,  Rev.  VVm.  L. 
Githens  and  Mr.  L.  Bradford  Prince,  who  has  been  the  honored 
Govenor  of  New  Mexico,  but  who  is  chiefly  known  to  church- 
men as  the  tireless  special  Secretary  of  the  American  Church 
Building  Fund  Commission,  which  has  been  spoken  of  in  an- 
other place  in  this    history. 

Montana 

Is  one  of  the  largest  Jurisdictions  in  the  Church.  It  has  143,- 
776  square  miles,  and  had  only  121,769  population,  in  1890,  but 
it  is  destined  to  become  a  might)'  state  or  states.  Bishop 
Lehigh  R.  Brewer,  S.  T.  D.,  has  solid  judgment  and  is,  in  the 
east  where  he  is  known,  regarded  by  men  like  Bishops  Hunt- 
ington, Rulison,  Potter,  and  a  host  of  lay  people,  as  a  very  wise 
man,  and  eminently  fitted  for  the  place  he  fills.  In  Minneapolis 
he  was  the  guest,  during  the  Convention,  of  Mr.  John  S.  Pills- 
bury,  a  former  Governor  of  Minnesota,  who  is  a  Congregation- 
alist,  who  was  delighted  with  Bishop  Brewer.  He  is  a  hard 
worker,  and  thinks  no  clergyman  is  too  good  to  send  to  Mon- 
tana. The  delegation  were  Rev.  E.  G.  Prout  and  Mr.  R.  H. 
Paxson. 

Nevada  and  Utah. 

Rt.  Rev.  Abiel  Leonard,  D.  D.,  is  Bishop  here;  he  has  charge 
also  of  Western  Colorado.  He  is  a  man  of  affairs  and  enthu- 
siasm in  missionary  work.  Those  who  know  him  best,  and  those 
who  know  best  what  he  has  done,  and  how  well  he  has  done  it, 
have  the  highest  regard  for  him,  and  for  his  work,  which  is  the 
very  highest  commendation  any  man  can  have,  or  any  wise 
man  can  desire. 

The  Delegates  were:  Rev.  Frederick  \V.  Crook,  Mr.  W.  T. 
Smith, 

North   Dakota. 

This  has  for  its  Bishop  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  David  Walker,  D.  D.. 
LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L.  He  is  generally  known  in  the  Church  as  an 
excellent  preacher.  From  his  very  earliest  years  he  had  op- 
portunities of  hearing  the  very  best  men  in  the  American 
Church,  and  as  his  training  was  at  Columbia  College  and  the 
General  Seminary,  there  was  nothing  lacking  in  his  classical 
and  theological  course.  As  Assistant  in  the  great  Parish  of 
Calvary  Church,  which  is  known  through  all  the  land  for  the 
fame  of  its  Rectors,  where  men  like  A.  C.  Coxe,  the  great  Dr. 


Rt.  Rev.  William  D.  Walker,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


633 


Washburn    and    other    illustrious    men    have    brought    all    their 
power  to  bear  in   all    Parochial  work,  he  saw    the  very   loftiest 

side  of  Church  possibilities. 
Few  men  in  the  Missionary 
Episcopate  had  such  a  training. 
The  Jurisdiction  has  about  195,- 
000  souls  scattered  over  a  large 
area.  The  Bishop  has  a  chapel 
car,  which  he  can  have  side- 
tracked at  any  railway  siding 
and  hold  the  services  of  the 
Church,  at  will.  No  one  can 
estimate  the  value  of  service 
now,  at  the  rate  of  progress  of 
population  since  1830.  In  an- 
other seventy  years  America 
will  have  over  350,000,000  souls, 
and  Montana,  Dakota  and  like 
places  be  centers  full  of  life. 
The  Church  needs  to  ponder 
these  facts  well. 

The  Delegates  were:  Rev. 
George  A.  Chambers,  and  Mr. 
William  T.  Perkins.  Mr.  Cham- 
bers' work  in  North  Dakota 
embraced  six  years;  he  has 
since  the  Convention  moved  to 


Rev.  George  A.  Chambers. 


Pierre,  S.  D.,  where  he  is  Rector  of  Trinity  Church.  He  helped 
to  build  the  first  churches  in  North  Dakota  across  the  Missouri 
River  at  Dickinson,  Mandan  and  the  Rectory  of  Bismark;  and 
has  also  been  interested  in  the  building  and  furnishing  of  the 
Indian  Church  at  Cannon  Ball. 


Northern  Caiji'Orma. 

This  is  a  land  of  flowers  and  plenty.  It  has  an  energetic 
people  who  have  come  from  nearly  every  civilized  land,  and 
they  have  a  large  field  for  every  kind  of  missionary  work.  The 
population  is  scattered  over  a  large  area,  and  this  makes  much 
travel,  over  52,500  square  miles.  The  Bishop,  John  Henry 
Ducachet  Wingfield,  D.  D.,  L.  L.  D.,  who  is  a  Southerner  by 
birth,  is  a  graduate  of  William  and  Mary  College,  Virginia. 
All  his  ministerial  life,  prior  to  his  Episcopate,  was  spent  in  the 
South,  and  he  has  all  that  polish  which  marks  the  best  edu- 
cated men.  He  is  a  man  who  has  a  profound  faith  in  the  Gospel 
of  Christ,  and  is  an  effectual  preacher  of  the  salvation  which 
comes  from  belief  in  Jesus  Christ.  The  Bishop  is  a  hard,  diligent 
worker  and  wise  man  of  affairs,  who  has  the  love  of  his  brethren 


Rt.  Rev.  John  Henry  Ducachet  Wingfield,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  635 

in  the  Episcopate,  and  is  doine^  noble  service  in  many  depart- 
ments of  Christian  work.     Such  men  are  a  crown  of  ^lory. 

The  Rev.  John  Partridsre  and  Mr.  Charles  Hitchcock  were 
the  Delegates;  since  the  Convention  the  Rev.  Dr.  Johnson,  of 
Detroit,  Michigan,  has  been  elected  and  consecrated  Bishop 
of  Los  Angeles.  There  is  every  probability  that  the  Church 
work  in  all  this  part  of  California  will  grow  very  rapidly. 
Certain  it  is  that  the  Bishop  will  carry  into  it  an  enthusiasm 
which  will  be  contagious,  a  devotion  no  man  can  question,  and 
constant  and  able  labor.  With  the  new  Bishopric,  the  name  of 
Rev.  Dr.  Trew  must  ever  stand  connected  as  one  of  the  ablest 
supporters   thereof,  from  the    inception   of  the  plan  to  erect  it. 

Northern  Michigan. 

This  Jurisdiction  has  a  somewhat  checkered  history;  it  is 
full  of  very  varied  possibility;  and  now,  that  it  was  made  by 
the  Convention  of  1895  '"^o  ^  Diocese,  and  a  Bishop  (Rev.  G. 
Mott  Williams,  M.  A.,  a  man  who  knows  its  needs  well),  has 
been  elected,  it,  no  doubt,  will  go  forward  in  a  path  of  service, 
and  increase,  which  will  bless  men  and  be  for  the  praise  of 
Jesus  Christ.  The  Delegates  were:  Rev.  Mr.  Williams  and  Mr. 
Peter  White. 

Northern  Texas. 

Here  the  Rt.  Rev.  Alexander  Charles  Garrett,  D.  D.  LL.  D., 
has  served  for  twenty-two  eventful  years,  and  has  in  that  time 
done  a  very  large  amount  of  successful  work.  It  was  fitting 
that,  when  the  Convention  of  1895,  made  the  Jurisdiction  a 
Diocese,  he  should  become  its  Diocesan.  The  new  Diocese  be- 
gins its  work  with  an  endowment  in  money,  churches,  schools, 
etc.,  etc.,  which  give  it  large  advantage.  The  Bishop  is  known 
as  a  good  scholar  and  preacher.  The  Delegates  from  Northern 
Te.xas  were:     Rev.  Edwin    Wickins    and    Mr.  Thomas  Scollard. 

Oklahoma. 

Rt.  Rev.  Francis  Ke\'  Brooke,  S.  T.  D.,  is  Bishop  here.  He 
is  bright,  alert,  industrious,  and  anxious  to  see  the  Church  reach 
for  good  every  possible  soul  in  his  Jurisdiction.  He  is  being 
blessed  in  his  work.  The  Delegates  were  :  Rev.  Henry  Tudor 
and   Mr.   B.  S.  Thompson. 

Olvmfia. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  William  Morris  Barker,  D.  D.,  is  a  man  whose 
early  life  was  spent  in  Pennsylvania.  He  is  in  the  prime  of  life 
and  has  had  large   opportunity    of   culture    and    service    in    the 


Rt.  Rev.  Francis  Key  Brooke, |.S.  T.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


637 


Rev.  D.  Claiborne  u 


Church.  In  the  Ministry  he 
served  in  five  parishes  as  assist- 
ant and  as  Rector  before  he  was 
made  Bishop.  He  was  Bishop 
of  Western  Colorado  for  one 
year  and  then  was  transferred 
to  his  present  Jurisdiction  by  the 
House  of  Bishops.  It  is  one 
presenting  most  important  pos- 
sibilities. No  man  can  say  what 
the  state  of  Washington  will 
have  reached  in  fifty  years.  The 
Delegates  were  :  Rev.  D.  C. 
Garrett,  who  was  the  first  del- 
egate to  the  Convention  in  Min- 
neapolis. He  is  Rector  of  St. 
Mark's  Church,  Seattle,  and  one 
of  the  most  popular  ministers  in 
the  state  of  \Vashington.  Mr. 
N.  B.  C  off  man  was  Lay  Dele- 
gate. 


South   Dakota. 

Every  Churchman  in  all  the  land  has  heard  of  the  Bishop's 
Indian  work;  with  what  a  wealth  of  self-sacrifice  he  has  served 
the  red  men  ;  how  he  has  pondered  well  and  in  wisdom,  their 
history,  position  and  prospects,  and  what  a  valuable  friend  to 
them  he  has  been.  Bishop  Hare  has  had  an  experience  very 
wide  and  varied ;  he  was  one  of  the  missionary  secretaries  of 
the  Church  long  before  he  was  Bishop,  a  place  he  not  only 
filled  but  adorned.  He  is  in  the  fifty-eighth  year  of  his  age  and 
the  twenty-fourth  of  his  h>piscopate,  which  has  been  thought- 
ful, fearless  and  noble.  His  position  on  the  Dakota  divorce 
laws  has  been  above  praise.  Such  Bishops  as  Mr.  Hobart  Hare 
glorify  their  office  in  that  they  appeal  to  all  sorts  and  conditions 
of  men.  The  Delegates  were:  Rev.  William  J.  Cleveland  and 
Mr.  J.  J.  Monk. 

Southern   Florida. 

Rt.  Rev.  William  Crane  Gray,  D.  D.,  is  a  man  who  fears 
God  above  many  and  loves  the  Church  with  a  warm  and  con- 
stant love.  He  does  not  think  it  needful  to  pull  up  a  plant 
and  transplant  it  every  year  or  two,  as  some  men  do,  thinking 
to    make    its    growth    more    rapid    and    sure,    so    he    stajxd    at 


Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  Crane  Gray,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  639 

Bolivar,  Tenn.,  more  than  twenty  years  and  gained  very  wide 
influence  by  the  true  worth  of  his  character  and  excellent 
quality  of  his  work.  St.  James'  Church  and  Rectory  stand  to 
this  day  his  monument.  Thence  he  went  to  Nashville  to  be 
Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Advent,  and  here  he  would  have 
ended  his  days,  but  was  called  to  the  highest  place  of  service 
the  Church  has  to  give.  To  this  work  Bishop  Gray  went  in 
the  path  of  duty  to  do  his  Master's  will,  to  share  whatever 
burdens  there  were  in  the  Diocese,  and  to  extend  the  kingdom 
of  Jesus  Christ,  which.  Bishop  Whipple  says,  he  is  doing  with 
a  brave  heart  and  a  capable  hand.  Such  a  record  is  graven  on 
the  tablets  of  eternity. 

The  Delegates  were:  Rev.  B.  F.  Brown,  and  Ilcnr}-  I'. 
Burgwin. 

Spokane. 

This  Jurisdiction  is  in  charge  of  the  Rt.  Ivcv.  Lemuel  Henry 
Wells,  D.  D.,  than  whom  no  man  in  the  far  West  has  liad  more 
ample  opportunity  of  understanding  the  conditions  under  which 
his  work  has  to  be  done.  His  Clerical  life  has  been  spent  in 
Oregon  and  Washington,  where  he  has  giv^en  such  proof  of  his 
fitness  for  all  the  work  he  has  undertaken  that  all  men  who 
know  him  think  it  was  a  most  proper  thing  to  do  to  make  him 
Bishop  of  Spokane,  when  that  jurisdiction  was  erected,  in  1892. 
In  all  missionary  work  he  is  ever  ready  to  do  his  part;  in 
educational  work  he  is  deeply  interested.  Himself  a  good 
scholar,  he  knows  the  value  of  knowledge. 


The  Platte. 

Rt.  Rev.  Anson  R.  Graves,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  the  Bishop  of  The 
riatte,  is  one  of  the  most  faithful  of  men;  no  trust  ever  placed 
in  his  hands  is  neglected.  He  is  in  one  of  the  most  difficult 
Jurisdictions  in  the  Church  in  the  United  States;  the  people  in 
it  are  engaged  in  farming,  mainly;  it  has  no  large  cities,  but, 
year  in  and  year  out,  Bishop  Graves  attends  to  every  detail  of 
his  work  with  a  constant  zeal,  consecration,  and  cheerfulness 
which  no  praise  can  exalt.  The  Bishop  is  a  graduate  of  the 
General  Seminary;  was  for  many  years  Rector  of  Gethscmane 
Church,  Minneapolis,  from  which  i'arish  he  was  chosen  Bishop 
of  The  Platte.  He  was  consecrated  on  Jan.  ist,  1890,  in 
Gethscmane  Church.  He  is  doing  work  in  the  Jurisdiction,  the 
permanent  value  of  which  is  above  price. 

The  Delegates  were:  Rev.  J.  M.  Bates,  and  Mr.  F.  E. 
Bullard. 


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Rt.  Rev.  Anson  Rogers  Graves,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


641 


Rev.  O.  E.  Ostenson. 


op  since  January,   1888 
Richardson  and  Mr.  William  H. 
Young. 

Wyoming  and  Idaho. 

Here  the  genial  hearted, 
bright  spirited,  Rt.  Rev.  Ethel- 
bert  Talbot,  D.  D.,  LL.  D..  is 
chief  pastor.  He  is  a  man 
whose  past  is  full  of  successful 
work,  as  student,  deacon,  priest 
educator  and  Bishop.  The  way 
he  has  brought  to  the  notice  of 
the  Church,  and  the  way  Church- 
men have  responded  to  his  man- 
ly, frank,  honest,  plain,  strong 
appeals,  is  one  great  object- 
lesson,  both  in  faith  and  work. 
The  Bishop  is  considered  a  mod- 
erate High  Churchman.  His 
capacity  for  labor  is  very  great, 
and  he  never  spares  himself. 
The  fact  tliat  he  has  had  oppor- 


Westrrn   Colorado. 

Rt.  Rev.  Abiel  Leonard,  D. 
D.,  is,  as  has  been  stated,  in 
charge  of  this  Jurisdiction. 

The  Delegates  were:  Rev. 
O.  E.  Ostenson  and  Mr.  W.  T. 
Kirkpatrick. 

Western  Texas. 

Rt.  Rev.  James  Steptoe  John- 
son, D.  D.,  is  a  very  cheerful 
man  who  can  tell  the  story  of 
the  needs  of  his  Jurisdiction 
very  effectively,  when  and  wher- 
ever opportunities  are  present- 
ed; a  gift  of  great  importance 
to  the  work  in  such  a  field  as 
that  in  which  he  is  Bishoj).  He 
is  a  good  preacher,  a  diligent 
worker,  and  a  man  of  affairs. 
He  is  a  Southern  man.  with  a 
large  heart  and  warm.  Christian 
sympathies.  He  has  been  Bish- 
The  Delegates  were:     Rev.  Walter  R. 


Rev.  Geo.  C  Raftf  u 


Rt.  Rev.  Ethelbert  Talbot,  DD.,  LL.  D.|] 


Rt.  Rev.  John  McKim,  D.  D. 


644  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 

tunity  for  becoming  Bishop,  both  in  the  South  and  middle  West, 
and  said,  "  No;  my  work  is  in  the  mission  field  of  Wyoming  and 
Idaho"  has  given  him  great  moral  power.  It  is  a  mighty  work 
which  is  being  done  in  his  Jurisdiction.  He  has  a  band  of  clergy 
whose  hearts  God  has  touched,  and  of  laity  of  which  he  is  proud. 
The  Delegates  were:  Rev.  George  C.  Rafter  and  Mr.  John  C. 
Davis. 

Shanghai,  China. 

The  Bishop  of  the  American  Church  here  is  Rt.  Rev. 
Frederick  Rogers  Graves,  S.  T.  D.  The  story  of  his  nomina- 
tion and  election  by  the  House  of  Bishops  and  the  House  of 
Deputies,  is  well  known  to  all  intelligent  Churchmen.  It  was 
at  the  end  of  the  sessions ;  many  of  the  deputies  had  gone 
home,  and  so  he  was  not  then  confirmed  for  lack  of  members, 
but  was  subsequently  elected  by  the  House  of  Bishops  five 
months  later.  Bishop  Graves  is  a  man  in  whom  the  very  mis- 
sionary spirit  of  Jesus  Christ  is  found.  All  his  ministerial  life 
has  been  given  to  China.  He  will  be  one  of  its  historic  Bishops. 
He  knows  the  value  of  giving  the  people  service  books  in  their 
own  tongue,  and  is  at  work  to  that  end,  as  well  as  in  preach- 
ing, etc. 

Tokyo,  Japan. 

The  Bishop  of  this  Jurisdiction  is  the  Rt.  Rev.  John  McKim, 
D.  D.  He  had  long  been  a  missionary  in  that  country  before 
he  was  elevated  to  the  Episcopate,  so  he  had  the  advantage  of 
knowing  the  language  of  the  people  amongst  whom  he  had  to 
be  Bishop.  Bishop  Hare  had  been  in  Japan,  seen  all  the  mis- 
sionary work  there,  knew  all  its  needs,  and  knew  the  Rev.  John 
McKim,  and  he  is  understood  to  have  advised  his  election. 
The  Bishop  had  proved  his  missionary  zeal  by  going  to  it  at  a 
time  when  he  no  more  thought  of  being  Bishop  than  of  being 
an  angel.  He  had  proved  his  suitability  for  it  by  the  success 
which  had  crowned  his  work.  He  has  a  calm  judgment,  a  well 
stored  mind,  a  good  style  in  speech,  and  constancy  in  work. 
He  loves  the  Saviour  and  he  loves  men  for  Christ's  sake.  The 
Delegates  were:    Rev.  J.  M.  Francis  and  Mr.  J.  McD.  Gardiner. 

Cape  Palmas,  West  Africa. 

The  Rt.  Rev.  Samuel  David  Ferguson,  D.  D.,  of  Cape  Palmas, 
deserves  special  note.  He  is  a  man  with  the  power  of  writing 
English  in  such  a  way  as  to  make  it  the  exact  expression  of 
his  thought.  Although  he  resides  in  a  foreign  land  far  away 
from  scenes  of  culture,  he  is  very  highly  esteemed  for  his  char- 
acter, work  and  zeal.  The  Bishop  has  been  spoken  of  in  an- 
other place  in  this   book. 

The  Churches  in  Europe  were  represented  by  the  well  known 
and   honored.    Rev.  R.  J.  Nevin,  D.  D.,  and  Mr.  A.  E.  Jessup. 


/ 


.■^^ 


K 


> 


I 


Rt.  Rev.  Samuel  D.  Ferguson,  D.  D. 


Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Clifton  Penick,  D.  D. 


HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION.  64/ 

Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Clifton  Penick,  D.  D.,  is  the  representative 
of  the  general  work  of  the  Church  amongst  the  colored  people, 
one  of  the  most  important  places  in  the  kingdom  of  God.  On 
this  continent  there  are,  it  is  said,  not  fewer  than  eight  million 
colored  persons  !  in  the  United  States  their  past  treatment  has 
been  such  as  brings  no  honor  to  either  church  or  republic  look- 
ed at  in  many  ways.  This  is  acknowledged  by  the  best  men 
in  all  parts  of  America  and  the  civilized  world.  Bishop  Penick 
is  charged  by  the  Church  Commission  for  work  amongst  the 
colored  people,  with  the  task  of  deepening  and  extending  in- 
terest in  the  negro  race,  and  of  raising  money  for  the  purpose 
of  carrying  on  religious  and  educational  work  amongst  them. 
To  this  high  task  he  brings  all  the  enthusiasm  of  a  consecrated 
purpose,  and  in  his  God-like  work  he  deserves  the  support  of 
every  man  who,  by  prayer,  word,  deed  or  gift  can  help. 


W.  C.  Edgar, 
Of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements. 

The  Diocesan  Committee  of  Arrangements  for  the  Conven- 
tion, twenty-five  in  number  was  hard  at  work  from  the  first  to  the 
very  last  moment,  and  deserves,  as  it  recei\ed,  very  high  praise 
for  its  perfectly  satisfactory  arrangements  in  all  things  ])ossible. 
Mr.  C.  M.  Harrington  was  its  secretary,  and  attended  to  the 
duties  with  scrupulous  care  and  great  ability.  Where  ever\'  man 
did  his  work  so  well  there  is  no  need  to  particularize  ;  still, 
where  every  man  gave  his  service,  commendation  is  in  order. 
(See  page  26.)  Frederick  Paine  was  secretary  of  the  Hospi- 
tality Committee. 


r 

1 

^ 

f 

»>*•—■»!►         jj 

^ 

'i^^B 

^ 

^^ 

^^^^^^^H 

^1  ' 

IBIj 

1 

.ll 

^hh 

Rev.  Frederick  T.  Webb. 


C.  M.  Harrington. 


G.  S.  Grimes.  Frederick  Paine. 

Of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements. 


Rev.  Carroll  M.  Davis. 

Third  Assistant  Secretary  of  House  of  Deputies. 

(See  page  5  I  8.) 


630  HISTORY  OF  GENERAL  CONVENTION. 


My  work  on  this  book  is  now  ended.  It  has  been  done  in 
the  midst  of  a  very  busy  life,  with  such  help  as  I  could  obtain. 
I  have  made  use  of  all  the  material  at  command.  I  hold  it  to 
be  the  imperative  duty  of  Churchmen  to  hand  down  to  coming 
ages  a  record  of  the  mighty  deeds  and  glorious  words  of  men 
who  have  wrought  in  the  kingdom  of  Christ.  That  there  are 
no  mistakes  in  this  work  I  am  not  unwise  enough  to  think  ; 
that  fifty  men  may  say  a  better  book  can  easily  be  made,  I 
quite  expect ;  in  that  case  the  reply  is  obvious  —  the  opportunity 
to  do  so  is  not  yet  past.  With  a  pure  desire  that  this  history 
may  serve  some  good  end,  I  send  it  forth  in  the  name  of  the 
Master,  Christ,  in  whose  service  alone  is  true  honor. 

Mr.  Miller,  photographer.  No.  429  Nicollet  Ave.,  Minneapolis, 
has  kindly  supplied  many  of  the  photographs  from  which  the 
plates  have  been  made  for  this  book,  and  to  him  I  am  under 
many  obligations  for  kindness. 

The  halftone  plates  were  made  by  Bramblett  &  Beygeh, 
Boston  Block,  Minneapolis. 

This  book  was  printed  by  Hall,  Black  &  Co.,  Minneapolis, 
and  bound  by  Travis  Blank  Book  Co. 


Errata.— On  page  243,  the  sermon  credited  to  Dr.  Hunt- 
ington as  being  preached  in  St.  Andrew's  Church,  St.  Paul, 
should  have  read  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Minneapolis, 


INDEX 


Page. 

Preface 9 

Early  History  of  the  Church  in  Minnesota 13 

How  the  Convention   came  to  Minneapohs 28 

Committee  of  Arrangements 26 

The  Opening-  Day  of  the  Convention 34 

The  CathoUc  Religion  for  the  American   People 37 

Importance  of  the  Convention 56 

Rules  of  Order -. 58 

I'roeeedings  of  the  First  Day,  (House  of  Bishoy)S) 69 

Proceedings  of  the  Second  Day 83 

Proceedings  ot  the  Second  Day,  (House  of  Bishops) ;...   92 

Proceedings  of  the  Third  Day 96 

Proceedings  of  the  Fourth   Dav 106 

Sunday,  the  Fifth  Day " 109 

Proceedings  of  the  Sixth   Day 119 

Proceedings  of  the  Seventh   Day 124 

Proceedings  of  the  Eighth  Day 134 

Proceedings  of  the  Ninth  Day 140 

The  Convention  Visits  St.    Paul 143 

Proceedings  of  the  Tenth  Dav 148 

Sunday,  the  Twelfth  Day '. 152 

Bishop  Perry,  St.  Paul's  Church 152 

Bishop  Hall,  All  Saints'   Church 153 

Bishop  Doane,  St.  Mark's  Church 153 

Bishoi^  Huntington,  Gethsemane   Church 154 

Bishop  Gralton,  Holy  Trinity  Church 156 

Bishop  Seymour,  Gethsemane   Church 157 

Bishop  Coxe.  St,  Andrew's   Church 158 

Bishop  Whitaker,  St.  Andrew's  Church 159 

Bishop  Talbot,  All  Saints'   Church 160 

Bishop  Dudley,  St.  Mark's  Church 160 

Rev.  L.  Parks,  Grace  Church 161 

Sunday,  the  Twelfth  Day,  in  St.    Paul 162 

Bisho])  Leonard,  St.  Peter's  Church 162 

Bishop  Capers,  Church  of  the  Good   Shepherd 162 

Bishop  Gailor,  St.   Paul's  Church "163 

Bishop  Hall,  St.  Paul's  Church 164 

Bishop  Vincent,  St.  John's  Church 165 

Bishop  Paret,  Christ  Church !<}<) 

Bishop  Sessums,  Christ   Church K'*^ 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  Church  of  the  Messiah 167 

Bishop  Seymour,  St.  James'  Church 168 

GaiheringOf  Sunday  School   Children lf>l> 

Proceedings  of  the  Thirteenth  Daj- ^71 

Proceedings  of  the  Fourteenth  Day  ^76 

Proceedings  of  the  Fifteenth   Day ^'^•j- 

Proceedings  of  the  Sixteenth   Day }    i 

Proceedings  of  the  Seventeenth  Day 205 

Proceedings  of  the  Ivighteenth   Day 213 

Sunday,  the  Nineteenth   Day -|'^ 

Bishop  Sessums,  St.  Mark's  Church -^/"^ 

Bishop  Doane,  Gethsemane  Church --*| 

Rev.  Dean  Hoffman,  St.  .Andrew's  Church --- 

Bishop  Walker,  Holy  Innocents'   Chapel --- 

Joint  Meeting  of  the  Brotherhood  of  St.   Andrew --^ 

Rev.  J.  Blanchard,  St.  Andrew's  Church — -> 


652  INDEX. 

Page. 

Rev.  M.  Dix,  Getlisemane  Church 226 

Bishop  Gailor,  St.  Paul's   Church 229 

Bishop  Penick,  Y.  M.  C.  A.   Building 229 

Bishop  Whitehead,  St.  Barnabas  Hospital 229 

Rev.  McVickar,  St.  Mark's  Church 230 

Annual  Meeting  of  the  Prayer  Book  Distribution  Societ\' 231 

The  Evangelical  Education   Society 234 

Sunday,  the  Nineteenth  Day,  St.   Paul 240 

Bishop  Sevmour,  Christ   Church 240 

Bishop  Talbot,  Christ   Church 241 

Bishop  Garrett,  St.  James'  Church 242 

Rev.  Dr.  Huntington,  St.  Andrew's  Church 243 

Rev.  [.  S.  lyindsav,  St  John's  Church 243 

Rev.  Dean  Hodges,  St.  John's  Church 244 

Bishop  Sevmour,  Church  of  the  Good   Shepherd 245 

Rev.  Wm."Pral1,  St.  Peter's   Church 246 

Bishop  Millspaugh,  St.  Paul's   Church 247 

Bishop  Hall,  St."  Paul's   Church 247 

Bishop  Perry,  St.  Paul's   Church 248 

Proceedings  of  the  Twentieth  Day 249 

The  Closing  Day 266 

Pastoral  Letter 275 

Changes  in  the  Canons  Adopted  by  the  Convention  of  1895 292 

Christian   Education 300 

Report  of  the  Board  of  Missions 306 

Triennial  Meeting  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary 314 

Report  of  the  Custodian  of  the  Standard  Book  of  Common  Prayer 348 

Supplemental  Report  of  the  Joint  Committee  on  Standard  Book  of  Coui- 

mon  Prayer 353 

Report  of  the  Joint  Commission  on  Ecclesiastical  Kclntions 364 

Report  of  the  Recorder  of  Ordinaf.ions .377 

Villa  Rose  Aglow 379 

(General  Theological  Seminary 3S7 

Bishops  Whipple  and  Gilbert's  Reception 398 

Correspondence  of  the  Commission  on  Christian   Unity 4()J 

Eighth  Triennial   Report  of  the    Trustees  of  the   Fund   for  the  Relief  ol' 

Aged,  Infirm  and  Disabled  Clergymen 4^5 

Report  of  the  American  Church  Building  Fund  Commission 409 

Luncheon  in  honor  of  Bishop  Lawrence t23 

Mrs.  L.  K.  Hull  and  Miss  McNair  Entertain 423 

Reception  to  Bishop  and  Mrs.   Whitaker 424 

The  Convention  Visits  Faribault 425 

The  Church  Club  of  Minnesota 456 

The  Universitv  of  the  South 461 

Church  Unity'Society 465 

Reception    given  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.J.  Hill 467 

The  Lin  tons   Receive 472 

Virginia  Seminary 472 

Harvard  Club  of  Minnesota  476 

Triennal  Reunion  of  the  General  Theological   Seminar3^ 477 

Thomas  Lowry " 480 

The  Sundav  School   Institute 481 

The  Brotherhood  of  St.   Andrew 487 

Revolutionary   Dames 490 

Alumni  of  Neshotah 492 

Reunion  of  St.  Steplien's   Sons 493 

Confraternitv  of  the  Blessed  Sacrament 494 

St.  Barnabas   Hospital 496 

Racine  Alumni 501 

Rev.  H.  P.  and  Mrs.  Nichols  Give  a  Farewell   Lunch 502 


INDEX.  653 

Page. 

All  Praise  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis 503 

The  Canadian  Delegation 504 

Members  of  the  t^onvention 509 

Diocese  of  Alabama 519 

Diocese  of  Albany 520 

Diorese  of  Arkansas 522 


California 523 

Central  New  Yoriv 526 

Central  Pennsylvania 527 

Chicago 529 

Colorado 532 

Connecticut 533 

Delaware 536 

East  Carolina 538 

Easton 540 

Florida 541 

Fond  du   Lac 544 

Georgia 545 

Indiana 545 

Iowa 548 

Kansas 550 

Kentucky 552 

Long  Island 552 

Louisiana 556 

Maine 559 

Maryland 561 

Massachusetts 563 

Michigan 567 

Millwaukee 569 

Minnesota 569 

Mississippi 574 

Missouri 575 

Nebraska 578 

New  Hampshire 581 

New  Jersey 583 

New  York. 585 

Newark 590 

North  Carolina 592 

Ohio 594 

Oregon  ^^^^ 

Pennsylvania ^^^ 

Pittsburg fi^l 

Ouincv 602 

Rhode  Island <|06 

South  Carolina ^^^ 

Southern   Ohio <>10 

Southern   Virginia 61 1 

Siiringfield 611 

Tennessee "'* 

Texas 619 

Vermont 619 

Virginia 624 

West   Missouri • 624 

West  Virginia 62o 

Western  Michigan 627 

Western  New  York 6-' 

y  Jurisdictions 630 

Mexico  and  Arizona 631 

631 


Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Diocese  o 
Missionai 
Nc 

Montana  .... 
Nevada  and 


Utah. 


.631 


654  INDEX. 

Page. 

North  Dakota 631 

Northern  Cah forma 633 

Northern  Michigan 635 

Northern  Texas 635 

Oklahoma 635 

Olvnipia 635 

South  Dakota 637 

Southern  Florida 637 

Spokane 637 

The  Platte 639 

Western  Colorado 641 

Western  Texas — 641 

Wyoming  and  Idaho 641 

Shanghai,  China 644 

Tokyo,  Japan 644 

Cape  Palmas,  West  Africa 644 

Rt.  Rev.  Chas.  Penick 647 

The  Diocesan  Committee  ol  Arrangements 647 

Closing  Remarks 650 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Adams,  C.  G 546 

All  Saints'  Church 495 

Anstice,  H 517 

Appleby,  T.  H.  M.  V 454 

Atwater,  1 574 

Battle,  R.  H 594 

Baxter,  H 489 

Bennett,  E.  H 565 

Bill,  E.  C 446 

Bishop    Whipple    Confirming    In- 
dians  436 

Blanchard,  J.  N 600 

Bliss,  J.  1 621 

Booth,  C 596 

Breck,  ].  L 5 

Breck  School 452 

Brooke.  P.  K 636 

Bullock,  R.  B ...545 

Burgess,  A 603 

Burgwin,  H 602 

Canadian  Delegation 505 

Candee,  H.  H 614 

Canfield,  T.  H 622 

Capers,  E 609 

Carey,  J 521 

Chambers,  G.  A 633 

Chandler,  S 432 

Christ  Church 313 

Clark,  T.  M 607 

Coxe,  A.  C opp.   32 

Curtis,  H.  C 630 

Curtis,  S.  M 538 

Darrow,  G.  M  617 

Davenport,  F.  P 617 


Davis,  C.  M 649 

Davis,  E.  L 566 

Dix,  M 511 

Doane,  W.  C 515 

Dobbin,;.  S 428 

Dohertv,  R 580 

Douglas,  W.  K 558 

Dudiev,  T.  U 553 

Duncan,  H.  C 558 

Eddy,  G.  0 433 

Edgar,  W.  C 647 

Egar,J.  H 527 

Fairbanks,  G.  R 543 

Faude.J.J 571 

Ferguson,  S.  D 645 

Fitts.J.  H 519 

Gailor,  T.  F 615 

Gardam,W 432 

Garrett,  D.  C 637 

Gear,  E.  G 435 

Gethsemane  Church  (exterior) 6 

Gethsemane  Church  (interior) 7 

Gilbert,  M.  N 570 

Gilbert,  M.  F 614 

Gilfillan,  J.  A 438 

Gillespie,  G.  De  N 626 

Gold  Alms  Basin 324 

Graves,  A.  R 640 

Grav,  W.  C 638 

Greer,  D.  H 304 

Grimes,  G.  S 648 

Hale,  C.  R 612 

Hall,  A.  C.  A 620 

Hall,  G.  C 537 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


955 


Harrington,  C.  M 64-S 

Harris,  G.  C  575 

Harrison,  J.  B G13 

Hart,  S 514. 

Harwood,  E 53-i 

Hill.  J.  J 468 

Hoftman,  E.  A 388 

Hotel  Kvan 456 

Hongbteling,  J.  L 488 

Huntington,  W.  K 354 

Hutchins,  C.  L 517 

Irwin,  J.  S 547 

Johnson,  J.  H 567 

Judd,  P.  E 548 

King,  J.  A 555 

Kinsoiving,  G.  H 618 

Knickerbacker  Hall 33 

Lamb,  W.  G 540 

Langford,  W.  S 307 

Lawrence.  W 564 

Leffingwcll.  C.  VV 604 

Leonard,  W.  A 595 

Lightncr,  W.  H 573 

Lindsay,  J.  S 563 

Littlejohn,  A.  N 274 

Lobdell.  F 629 

Lockwood,  C.  H 522 

Lyman,  D.  B 532 

Macgregor,  K.  A 433 

Mac-Lean,  T.  W 567 

Mann,  C 625 

Martin,  J.  E 617 

Matlack,  R.C 233 

McBee,  S 593 

McKim,  ] 643 

McLaren",  W.  E 530 

McNeal,  A.  T 617 

McVickar,  W.  N 600 

Memorial  Chapel  442 

Miller,  W.  T 523 

Millspaugh,  F.  K 551 

Morgan,  J.  P 589 

Morgan,  J.  S 440 

Morris,  B.  W .597 

Morris,  C 575 

Morrison,  D 380 

Morrison,  Mrs.  D 382 

Nash,  S.  P 407 

Neelv,  H.  A 560 

Nelson,  K.  K 458 

Nichols,  H.  P 572 

Nichols,  W.  F 524 

Niles,  W.  W 582 

Ohl,J.  W 533 

Osborne,  F.  O 458 

Ostenson,  O.  E 641 

Paine,  F 648 

Paine,  R.  T 566 

Paret,  W 529 

Peake,  E.  S 435 


Penick,  C.  C 646 

Perrv,  W.  S 549 

Potter,  H.  C 586 

Quintard,  C.  T 462 

Rafter,  G.  C 641 

Raftery,  0.  H 534 

Ranger,  J.  H 547 

Residence,  A.  H.  Linton 473 

Residence,  J.  J.  Hill 470 

Residence,  Villa  Rosa 378 

Restarick,  H.  B 525 

Reynolds,  W.B 537 

Robinson,  W.  A 552 

Roots,  P.  K 523 

Rulison,  N.  S 528 

Ryan,  A.  W 571 

Scarborough,  J 584- 

Seabury  Hall 426 

Sessums,  D 557 

Seymour,  G.  F 365 

Sheffield,  B.  B 432 

Shumvvav  Hall 444 

Sibley.  R'  A 630 

Silyer  Vase 448 

Skiddy,  W.  W 535 

Smith,  J.  T 403 

Sowdon.  A.J.  C 565 

Standard  Book  of  Com.  Prayer.. .358 

Stanley,  J.  1) '. 547 

StarkeV.  T.  A 591 

vSt.  Barnabas  Hospital 497 

St.  Mark's  Church 322 

St.  Mary's  Hall 449 

St.  Mary's  School 605 

Talbot,  E 642 

Tanner,  G.  C 432 

Tavlor,  F.  W 613 

Temple,  E.  L 623 

Trask,  S 521 

Triplett,  ].  R 577 

Tuttle,  D.  S 576 

Walker,  W.  D 632 

Watson,  A.  A 539 

Webb,  F.  T 648 

Wells.  H 622 

West  Hotel 400 

Wiiipi)le.  H.  B 8 

Whilaker,  O.  W 599 

Whitaker,  \V.  C 5K) 

Wilder,  E.  T 573 

Wilkes.  J .....5:)2 

Wilkinson,  W Frontispiece. 

Williams,  J 513 

Wilson,  M 508 

Winchester,  J.  R 616 

Wingfield,  T.  H 634 

Woods.  J.  L 488 

Worthin'gton,  G 579 

Wright,  G.  S 547 

Wright,  1 572 


THE  HOUSE  OF  BISHOPS,  1895, 

NOW    READY. 

The  composite  group  of  the  entire  body  of  Bishops,  size  i8x22, 
mounted  on  tinted  mantello  board,  22x28. 

An  artistic  production  representing  Bishops  in   robes  grouped 
in  centre  aisle  of  noble  cathedral. 

Each  figure  having  been  photographed  separately  the  posing  is 
natural,  lighting  studied,  and  likeness  excellent. 
The  following  comprise  list  of  figures: 


Rt.  Rev.  C.  D.  Quintard,  D.  D.,  S.  S.  D.,  LL.  D. 
.J.  Williams,  D.  1).,  LL.  D. 
T.  M.Clark,  D.D.,  LL.  D. 
H.  B.  Whipple,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 
"  R.  H.  Wilmer,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 

A.  C.  Coxe,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 
H.  A.  Neely,  D.  D. 

D.  S.  Tuttle,  D.  D. 

F.  McN.  Whittle,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

B.  W.  Morris,  D.  D. 

A.  N.  Littlejohn,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

W.  C.  Doane,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

F.  D.  Huntingdon,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 

O.  W.  Whitakor,  D.  D. 

H.  N.  Pierce,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

W.  W.  Niles,  D.  D. 

W.  H.  Hare,  D.  D. 

J.  F.  Spalding,  D.  D. 

J.  H.  D.  Wingfleld,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 

A.  (;.  Garrett,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

W.  F.  Adams,  D.  C.  L. 

S.  W.  Dudley,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 
"  J.  Scarboroufjli,  D.  D. 

Geo.  De  N.  Gillespie,  D.  D. 
"  T.  A.  JaKKar,  D.  D. 

W.  E.  McLaren,  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 

W.  S.  Perry,  D.  D..  D.  C.  L. 

Alex.  Burgess,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 
"  A.  W.  Peterkin,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

A.  F.  Seymour,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 

F.  A.  Starkey,  1).  J). 

J.  R.  Brewer,  S.  T.  D. 

C.  Whiteliead,  D.  D. 

n.  M.  Tliompson,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 
H.  V,.  Potter.  D.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 
A.  M.  Randolpli,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 
W.  D.  Walker,  S.  T.  D.,  D.  C.  L. 
A.  A.  Watson,  D.  D. 
N.  S.  Rulison,  D.  D. 

Price  $5.00  expressed  free. 
W.  R.  MILLER. 


Rt. 


Rev 


Rev.  W.  Paret,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

Geo.  WorthioKton,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 
S.  D.  Ferguson,  D.  D.,  D.  C  L. 
E.  G.  Weed,  D.  D. 
M.  N.  Gilbert,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

E.  Talbot,  D.  D.,LL.  D. 
J.  S.  Johnston,  D.  D. 

A.  Leonard,  D.  D. 

J.  Coleman,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.  D. 

J.  M.  Hendrick,  D.  D. 

Boyd  Vincent,  D.  D. 

C.  C.  Grafton,  S.T.  D. 

W.  A.  Leonard,  D.  D. 

F.  F.Davis,  D.D.,LL.  D. 
A.  R.  Graves,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

E.  R.  Atwill,  D.  D. 
David  Sessums,  D.  D. 

I.  L.  Nicholson,  S.  T.  D. 
C.  R.  Hale,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 
L.  M.  Wells,  D.  D. 
W.  C.  Gray,  D.  D. 

F.  K.  Biooke,  S.  T.  D. 
W.  M.  Barker,  D.  D. 
John  McKini,  D.  D. 
F.  R.  (Graves,  S.  T.  D. 

E.  Capers,  D.  D. 
T.  F.  (Jailor,  D.  D. 
Wm.  Lawrence,  S.  T.  D. 
J.  B.  Chesliire,  Jr..  D.  D. 
J.  B.  Newton,  M.  D. 

J.  H.  White,  D.  D. 

F.  R.  Millspaugh,  D.  D. 
W.  F.  Nichols,  D.  D. 

C.  K.  Nelson,  D.  D. 

G.  H.  Kinsolving,  D.  D. 
Clifton  Penick,  D.  D. 
P.  T.  Rowe. 

.  Samuel  Hart,  D.  D.,  Socty. 


427-429    NICOLLET   AVE.. 

MINNEAPOLIS,    MINN, 


DATE  DUE 

i^<ffl^!mt«^^ 

GAVLORD 

PRINTED  IN  U    S.  A. 

